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This Day, January 31, In Jewish History by Mitchell A. Levin

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January 31

314: Sylvester I whose name is “the Israeli term for New Year’s night celebrations” began his papacy

“The Israeli term for New Year’s night celebrations, “Sylvester,” was the name of the “Saint” and Roman Pope who reigned during the Council of Nicaea (325 C.E.). The year before the Council of Nicaea convened, Sylvester convinced Constantine to prohibit Jews from living in Jerusalem. At the Council of Nicaea, Sylvester arranged for the passage of a host of viciously anti-Semitic legislation. All Catholic “Saints” are awarded a day on which Christians celebrate and pay tribute to that Saint’s memory. December 31 is Saint Sylvester Day – hence celebrations on the night of December 31 are dedicated to Sylvester’s memory. (As reported by Jewlicious)

439: Promulgation of the Code of Theodosius II in the Byzantine Empire. This was the first imperial compilation of anti- Jewish laws since Constantine. Jews were prohibited from holding important positions involving money including judicial and executive offices and the ban against building new synagogues was reinstated. Theodosius was the Roman emperor of the East (408–450) The Code was readily accepted as well by Western Roman Emperor Valentinian III (425-455).

579: The reign of Khosrow I (or Chosroes I)  who “protected the rights of Christian and Jewish minoirites” when he “destroyed Antioch” in 540 came to an end today.

1253: Henry III of England ordered that Jewish worship in Synagogues must be held quietly so that Christians should not have to hear it when passing by. In addition Jews were not to employ Christian nurses or maids, nor was any Jew allowed to prevent another Jew from converting to Christianity.

1419: Pope Martin V issued a Bull that abolished the oppressive laws promulgated by antipope Benedict XIII and granted the Jews those privileges which had been accorded them under previous popes.

1493: Jews fleeing Spain were no longer allowed to enter to enter Genoa. During the previous year Jews fleeing Spain were allowed to land in Genoa for three days. As of this date the special consideration was cancelled due to the “fear” that the Jews may introduce the Plague.

1504: France ceded Naples to Aragon. Jews had lived in Naples in comparative freedom but began to suffer persecution when the French conquered the kingdom in 1495.  Conditions worsened when the Spanish began to rule the southern Italian land and by 1541 the Jewish community ceased to exist.

1674(24th of Shevat): Rabbi Abraham Auerbach of Coesfeld, Germany instituted an annual fast in commemoration of his expulsion on this date.

1684(Shevat, 5444): Benedict (Baruch) Nehamias de Castro, who was so successful in practicing medicine in his hometown of Hamburg “that in 1645 he was appointed physician in ordinary to Queen Christina of Sweden” passed away today.

1796: In Kingston, Jacob Bueno Henriques and Sarah Henriques gave birth to Joseph Gutteres Henriques who settled in London where he married Eliza Henriques with whom he had two children.

1812: Birthdate of Frederick David Goldsmid, the MP for Honiton.

1813: Birthdate of Dutch physician, pharmacist and philanthropist, Samuel Sarphati. “One of the great Amsterdammers of the 19th century,” Sarphati, was a promoter of public housing, an organizer of municipal services such as garbage collecting, and the builder of a bread factory that provided better and cheaper bread for the city. He also built the Amstel hotel. Sarphati is seen by Dutch history as a great philanthropist. Nobody ever knew he was Jewish—until the Germans authorities changed the name Sarphati Street into “Muiderschans”.

1820(15thof Shevat, 5580): Tu B’Shevat is observed for the last time during the Presidency of James Madison.

1828: Abraham Joseph married Eliza Wolf in the United Kingdom

1830: Birthdate of James G. Blaine, the unsuccessful Republican candidate for U.S. President who while serving as Secretary of State was presented with “a petition signed by 413 Jewish and Christian leaders including John and William Rockefeller, calling for an international conference on the Jews and Palestine.”

1830: In South Moravia Löbl Strakosch and Julia Schwarz gave birth their daughter Josefina Strakosch.

1838: In Charleston, SC, Rabbi Poznanski officiated at the marriage of Samuel Sampson to Catherine Goldsmith, “the only daughter of the late Isaac Goldsmith.”

1842(20thof Shevat, 5602): Seventy-seven year old Emanuel Deutz who had been serving as Chief Rabbi of France since 1810 passed away today.

1842: In St. Mary’s, Camden Country, GA, Lieutenant Levi Charles Harby married Leonora R. D’Lyon the daughter of Levi S. D’Lyon of Savannah, GA at the residence of Dr. Francis O. Curtis.

1845: The government Rabbi Nathan Marcus Adler permission to leave Hanover so that he could move to London and assume the position of Chief Rabbi.

1846: After the Milwaukee Bridge War, Juneautown and Kilbourntown were incorporated to form the modern city of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Four years prior to this, the families of Solomon Adler, Isaac Neustadt, and Moses Weil settled in the city.  As proof of the vibrancy of the young community, during the 1840’s the first Rosh Hashanah services were held at the home of Henry Newhouse and the first Yom Kippur Services were held in a building containing Pereles grocery store.  For more about the history of the Jews of Milwaukee consider a visit to the Jewish Museum of Milwaukee or reading "One People, Many Paths: A History of Jewish Milwaukee," by John Gurda.

1841(9thof Shevat, 5601): German Jewish music teacher Moses Budinger who “edited the Jewish ritual for festivals with a grammatical commentary in Hebrew and the penitential prayers with a commentary” passed away in Cassel today.

1848: Birthdate of Nathan Straus who the wealthy American businessman and philanthropist who owned R.H. Macy & Company and Abraham and Straus. Born in Otterberg, Germany, Strauss moved to the United States with his family in 1854 where they first settled in Georgia before moving to New York City after the Civil War where young Nathan worked in his father’s firms L Straus & Sons.  In the 1880’s he began a life of philanthropy and public service that included leading the fight against tuberculosis and a major effort to improve the public libraries.  His philanthropy extended to developing a Jewish homeland in Eretz Israel following his first visit to the area in 1912.  His support is memorialized by the fact that a street in the Jerusalem is called “Rehov Straus” and that the modern Israeli city of Netanya, founded in 1927, was named in his honor

1851(28th of Shevat, 5611): David Spangler Kaufman passed away. Born in 1813,Kaufman was the first Jewish United States Congressman from Texas. No other Jewish Texan served in Congress until Martin Frost in 1979. He was born in Boiling Springs, Pennsylvania. After graduating with high honors from Princeton College in 1830, he studied law under John A. Quitman in Natchez, Mississippi, and was admitted to the bar. He began his legal career in Natchitoches, Louisiana, five years later. In 1837 Kaufman settled in Nacogdoches, Texas, where he practiced law and participated in military campaigns against the Cherokee Indians. He was wounded in an encounter in 1839. Between 1838 and 1845 he was a member of the Republic of Texas's congress. He served in the Republic's House of Representatives from 1838 to 1842, and was Speaker of the House in the last two years. He was a member of the Texas Senate from 1843 to 1845, when president of Texas Anson Jones named him chargé d'affaires to the United States in February 1845. After the Texas Annexation,Kaufman represented the Eastern District (District 1 of Texas in the United States House of Representatives from 1845 to 1851. While in Congress, Kaufman argued unsuccessfully that Texas owned lands that are now parts of New Mexico, Colorado, Kansas, Wyoming, and Oklahoma. He encouraged Governor of Texas Peter Hansborough Bell to have Texas troops seize Santa Fe, New Mexico, which never occurred. He also played a role in the Compromise of 1850, as one result of which the national government assumed the debts of the former republic. Kaufman was a Freemason and a charter member of the Philosophical Society of Texas. He died in Washington, D.C. while attending the Congress, and was originally buried in the Congressional Cemetery there. In 1932 his remains were moved to the State Cemetery in Austin, Texas. Kaufman County, Texas and the city of Kaufman, Texas are named for him.

1856: F.W. Evans delivered a lecture tonight entitled "Shakerism" during which he described numerous similarities in the beliefs and/or practices of the Shakers and those of the Jews. This positive view Jews may be one of the reasons that systemic European style anti-Semitism never took firm root in the United States.

1860: In Prague, Simon Heller and Mathilde Kassanowitz gave birth to Maximilian Heller, the Rabbi at Temple Sinai in New Orleans who was the husband of Ida Annie Heller.

1864(23rdof Shevat, 5624): Fifty-one year old Bavarian lawyer Fischel Arnheim whose legal reputation led to his election four times to the Bavarian Legislature from the cities of Hof and Munchberg.

1864(23rdof Shevat, 5624): Fifty-five year old Rabbi Michael Sachs who was enlightened enough to be “one of the first Jewish graduates from the modern universities” but who “so strongly opposed the introduction of the organ into the Synagogue that he retired from the Rabbinate rather than acquiesce” which led him to a literary life that included a new translation of the Bible passed away today.

1865: The House of Representatives passed the 13th Amendment today paving the way for it to be sent to the States for ratification. 

1866(15thof Shevat, 5626): Tu B’Shevat

1876: In the village of Longdowns, Cornwall, Thomas and Jane Hocking Spargo gave birth to John Spargo, the non-Jewish author of The Jews and American Ideals in which he “attacked the problem of anti-Semitism, and exposed the un-American nature and its positive danger to American ideals and institutions.”
https://www.amazon.com/Jew-American-Ideals-John-Spargo/dp/1543140858#reader_1543140858

1871: It was reported today that the Russian government has issued an imperial decree exempting Jews from military service once they reach the age of 32.  Christians are exempt once they reach the age of 23. Any Jew who converts will not have to serve in the military – another example of “proselytism by main force.”

1874: In the United Kingdom, start of the general election in which Benjamin Disraeli’s Conservatives would win a majority of the seats in the House of Commons.

1881: As of today, the books of the Board of Endowment of the Grand Lodge of the order Kesher Shel Barzel, District No.1 showed a deficiency of $2,996.36 which would later be attributed to embezzlement by President Oettinger.

1884(4thof Shevat, 5644): Thirty-nine year old German orientalist Siegfried Goldschmidt who fought in the Franco-Prussian War and died today of spinal consumption before he could assume his duties as a professor at the University of Strasburg.

1885: Twenty-one year old pianist Fannie Bloomfield Zeisler made “her New York debut came today with a performance of Anton Buinstein’s Concerto in D Minor

1886: Birthdate of Lev Shestov.Lev Isaakovich Shestov, born Yehuda Leyb Schwarzmann was a Russian - Jewish existentialist philosopher. The Kiev native fled to France in 1921 seeking to escape the society created by the Bolsheviks after the Russian Revolution.  He lived in Paris until his death in 1938.

1890: Henry A. Jackson, the Secretary of the Emigration Commission received a letter from Charles Frank, the Superintendent of the United Hebrew Charities attesting to the ability of Moses Gershonfeldt to be able to provide for his wife and four children who were being held at Ward’s Island because Commissioner Stephenson had arbitrarily denied them admission even though Moses, a butcher who earned $12 a week and his son Joseph who earned $9 a week had come to his office, described their financial condition and sought to leave with his wife and remaining children whose passage he had paid so that the family could be reunited.

1891: Twenty-nine year old “Edward Lawrence Levy” won “the first British amateur weight lifting championship today.

1891: During the Congressional Investigation of the management of the Barge Office, Colonel John B. Weber the former Superintendent Weber testified as to how the United Hebrew Charities had offered to care for a poor Englishwoman that Dr. Drum and the “powerful and wealthy Episcopal church” had to turned its back on leading Weber to say that he “prayed if he was to be born again he should be born a Jews for then he would have somebody to care of him if he should ever be in need.”

1892: In New York City, Meta and Mechel Iskowitz gave birth to Edward Israel Iskowitz the orphan who was raised by his grandmother Esther Kantrowtiz and gained fame as Eddie Cantor.
http://eddiecantor.com/

1892: It was reported today that six members of the senior class at Rutgers are studying Hebrew, “the study of which is increasing in” the United States.

1892: Birthdate of Moritz Guttman the native Kleinsteinach who fought in the German Army during WW I.

1892: Rabbi Henry S. Jacobs of B’nai Jeshrun officiated at the funeral of Benjamin Russak which was held at his home and followed by burial at Cypress Hills. The police were on hand to deal with the large number of carriages that brought a throng of the city’s leading business leaders and prominent members of the Jewish community.

1892: Charles Spurgeon, the English Reformed Baptist Minister who expressed his disgust for the Czar’s treatment of his Jewish subjects, passed away. “If I had all the health and strength that could fall to the lot of man, I should be quite unable to express my feelings on reading of Russia’s intolerance of the Jews…The Czar is greatly injuring his own country by driving out God’s ancient people.  No country can trample with impunity.”

1892: “The Russian Exiles” published today described efforts by the Jewish community to meet the needs of the swelling tide of immigrants that is arriving from Europe.  According to the United Hebrew Charities 62,574 Jews arrived in New York last with five-sixths or 54,194 of them coming from Russia.  The total included 26,891 men, 16,393 women and 19,290 children.  Only 195 of the immigrants were sent back to Europe by the U.S. government while 46,029 have remained in the city with the rest having been provided transportation to other cities.

1893: The Jewish community of Philadelphia is scheduled to host a charity ball today to which President-elect Grover Cleveland was invited by A.E. Greenwald and Chapman Raphael.

1893: “L’Amico Fritz” Mascagni’s second opera is scheduled to be performed at the Music Hall tonight under the direction of Walter Damrosch with the proceeds going to the Hebrew Educational Institute.

1893: Charles Frohman “signed a contract” today” under which his comedians will open at the Garden Theatre” in September.

1894: Birthdate of Otto Gunstling who was transported from Prague to Ujazdow to Majdanek where he was murder in 1942.

1895: Isaac Spectosky of the Hebrew Institute was among those who attended today’s meeting of the Federation of East Side Workers.

1896: In Philadelphia PA, the American Jewish Historical Society held the final day of it fourth annual conference during which Dr. Cyrus Adler present a paper on “Notes on the Inquisition in Mexico and the Jews”; Max Kohler presented a paper on “The Jews and the American Anti-Slavery Movement” and Professor Morris Jastrow presented a paper on “Documents Relating to the Career of Colonel Isaac Franks.”

1897: Dr. Emil G. Hirsch was among those who attended a conference of South Side Charities in Chicago, Illinois.

1897: Rabbi Gustav Gottheil preached a sermon entitled “Rights and Wrongs of Rich and Poor” at Temple Emanu-El this morning.

1897: The Jewish Socialists’ Convention continued its meeting for another day at the Walhalla Hall on Orchard Street.

1897: Professor Richard J.H. Gottheil “delivered the fifth and last course of his on ‘The Geography of Palestine’ at Temple Emanu-El” this evening.  Gottheil is the son of the congregation’s rabbi and the college professor who helped found Zeta Beta Tau.

1897: Twenty-four year old Montgomery, Alabama native I.O. Schiff, the son of Rabbi Abraham J. Schiff and a member of the New York firm of Schiff Bros. married Stella Newmark with whom he had three children – Ruth, Stanley T. and Roslyn Schiff.

1898: It was reported today that Mrs. Esther Wallenstein has been elected President of the Hebrew Infant Asylum Association and that Maurice Untermyer has been elected Vice President

1898: It was reported today that arrangements are being completed for a debated between representatives of the Jewish Technical School, the Hebrew Institute and the Young Men’s Hebrew Association.

1898: It was reported today that Rabbi Gustav Gottheil views newspapers “as the recorders and distributors of the world’s daily history” which provide information that will break down prejudice.

1898: It was reported today that the committee that is trying to building the first Jewish hospital in Brooklyn has selected four potential sites. The committee’s officers are: President – Robert Strahl; Vice President – Sigmund Wechsler; Secretary – Charles Levy

1899: The seventh annual meeting of the Hebrew Free Loan Association was held this evening at the Educational Alliance on East Broadway

1899: It was reported today that the officers of the Union of Jewish Religious Schools are: President-Richard Gottheil; Vice Presidents – Miss Julia Rachman and Dr. Kaufmann Kohler; Honorary Treasurer – A.F. Hochstader; Honorary Secretary – Rabbi Stephen O. Wise

1899: Daniel P. Hays presided over a dinner given by the Judeans to honor Dr. Cyrus Adler who is the newly elected President of the American Jewish Historical Society.

1904: In Germany, Samuel and Malchen Jeselsohn gave birth to Albert Jeselsohn

1906: Birthdate of Benjamin Frankel, the London born composer who was “the son of Polish-Jewish immigrants.”

http://www.musicweb-international.com/frankel/

1906: “School Principal’s Answer” published today described the hearing held today by District School Board No. 39 to determine if Principal Frank Harding’s references to Christ last December at an assembly at Public School 144 were an attempt to proselytize students at the school in a neighborhood “inhabited almost entirely by Jews” as first alleged by a student Augusta Herbert.

1906: “Cossacks Massacre Jews” published today described the attacks on the Jews of Gomel by Cossacks whose efforts “to obtain evidence of revolutionary activity” degenerated into an orgy of drunken looting and murder.

1906: Maurice Arnoff and Adolf Spiegel of Temple El Chaim officiated at the wedding of Solomon Levin who manufacturers wax images and Mollie Mogilewsky, the daughter of east side banker Rubin Mogilewsky which was held at the Attorney Street Synagogue.

1906: The engagement of Benjamin Mogilwesky, the son of east side banker Rubin Mogilewsky to Rebecca Thomas as announced today.

1907: “Miss Hook of Holland” a two act musical comedy “with music and lyrics by Paul Rubens” who co-authored the book “opened at the Prince of Wales Theatre” today where it would run for 462 performances.

1909: Birthdate Yosef Burg, “a seminal Israeli political figure who was a Cabinet Minister for 35 years as a head of the religious Zionist movement…” (As reported by Deborah Sontag)
http://www.nytimes.com/1999/10/16/world/yosef-burg-90-zionist-leader-served-in-many-israeli-cabinets.html?scp=1&sq=Yosef+Burg&st=nyt&pagewanted=print

1910: Birthdate of Giorgio Perlasca, an Italian who, with the collaboration of official diplomats, posed as the Spanish consul-general to Hungary in the winter of 1944, and saved 5218 Jews from deportation to Nazi Germany death camps in eastern Europe.

1911(2ndof Shevat, 5671): Sixty-seven year old Paul Singer, a leading German Marxist and a co-chairman of the Social Democratic Party passed away.

1913(23rdof Shevat, 5673): Sixty-year old Alfred Cohen, a “Councillor at the Supreme Court of Justice, passed away today in Munich.

1915: Birthdate of Altoona, PA native Maurice Howard “Babe” Patt  the Carnegie Tech tight end who played professionally the NFL Detroit Lions and Cleveland Rams before spending WW II in the U.S. Navy.
http://blaircountysportshof.com/maurice-patt/
http://blaircountysportshof.com/wp-content/uploads/1989-Maurice-Patt.pdf

1915: “New Jewish Magazine” published today described the publication by the Intercollegiate Menorah Association of the first issue of The Menorah Journal a bi-monthly under the guidance of editor in chief Henry Hurwitz which includes the following articles: “A Call to the Educated Jew” by Louis Brandeis; “Jewish Students in European Universities” by Harry Wolfson; “The Jews in War” by Dr. Joseph Jacobs and “Days of Disillusionment” by Samuel Strauss.

1915: In Atlanta, GA, “the jury in the case of Dan S. Lehon, C.C. Tedder and Arthur Forman charge with subornation of a perjury in an effort to obtain a new trial for Leo M. Frank, convicted of the murder of Mary Phagan, brought in a verdict of not guilty at 1:50 this afternoon.”

1915: “If Leo Frank obtains his freedom from the United States Supreme Court, it was announced today that Solicitor Dorsey would make an effort to have him indicted by the Grand Jury on one of two other charges” and that “Solicitor Dorsey said he intended to fight the case to the bitter end.”

1915: “Another batch” of refugees from Palestine have arrived at Alexandria aboard “the United States warship Tennessee which has been fitted up as transport” and have provided information that shows “the inability of the Turks to anything that is effective against Egypt

1915: It was reported today that “the Russian Government is now seeking to re-establish the autocracy as it existed before granting of the constitution” and has returned to its practice of organizing demonstrations against the Jews.

1915: “Refugees who have arrived in Egypt from Palestine report that conditions go from bad to worse” with “relations between the German and Turkish officers have reached a stage of acute tension.”

1916: While developments today with respect to the nomination of Louis D. Brandeis to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court did not change the rather general opinion among Senators that the nomination would be confirmed, it became more apparent that confirmation would not be accomplished without a struggle.

1916: It was reported today that New York Assemblymen Nathan Perlman and Myer Levy were among those who attended the dance held “by the Madison Republican of the Twenty-Sixth Assembly District for the benefit of war sufferers.”

1916: In a sign of the non-sectarian nature of the fund raising efforts on behalf of the Jews of Europe, it was reported that Senator Boise Penrose and Congressman William S. Vare were among those who spoke at the Philadelphia Mass Meeting organized by the American Jewish Relief Committee.

1916: Sendel and Riva Grynszpan, the parents of Herschel Grynsapan (the alleged assassin of Ernst von Rath) gave birth to their third child and second daughter, Esther.

1916: As a measure of the worsening conditions in Russia, “many commercial and technical associations have adopted resolutions declaring the restrictions placed up the Jews are the reason for Russia’s commercial backwardness.”

1916: Among those who paid tribute to Dr. Joseph Jacobs “the noted Jewish scholar and editor of the American Hebrew” who passed away yesterday were Cyrus L. Sulzberger, “Dr. Frank H. Vizitelly, the scholar and author associated with Dr. Jacobs in many of the publications issued by Funk and Wagnalls” and Louis Marshall.”

1916: “The National Jewish Workmen’s Committee on Jewish Rights announced” today “that it will submitted to Congress document expositing atrocities practice on the Jews in the warring countries of Europe.”

1917: In a move that will bring the United States into World War I, Germany announces it will resume its policy of allowing U-Boats “attack any and all ships, including civilian passenger carriers, said to be sighted in war-zone waters” – a practice popularly referred to as “unrestricted submarine warfare.”

1917: As the debate over immigration continued to rage across the American political spectrum, Max J. Kohler, the son of Rabbi Kaufmann Kohler wrote today that “No doubt a very large portion of the thoughtful and patriotic citizens of our country hope that Congress will sustain the President’s veto of the Immigration bill and particularly is that true of those who, like the Jewish citizens of the United States, love our hallowed American precedent of right of asylum for the persecuted…

1918(18th of Shevat, 5678): Dr. Jechiel Tchlenow, the Moscow physician who was a major leader of the Zionist movement passed away. In 1917, Tchlenow had come to London “where he took an active part in the diplomatic negotiations that have resulted in official declarations by Great Britain” favoring the creation of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.

1919: Birthdate of Jackie Robinson, the man who broke the color barrier in major league baseball when he played with the Brooklyn Dodgers. . Robinson was befriended by Hank Greenberg, the Jewish slugger who had had to deal with bigotry during his career.  According to Jonathan Eig, the only friends that Robinson had in Brooklyn during his first year “were Jewish people.” “The Jewish community clearly recognized a kindred spirit here, someone who had to prove himself. The war had just ended, [and] anti-Semitism was running high. Blacks and Jews both, after the war, felt they had some work to do to establish more respect."

1921: The Supreme Court overturned the conviction of Victor Berger. Berger had been convicted of violating the Espionage Act and sentenced to 20 years in federal prison. In overturning the conviction the Supreme Court found that the presiding Judge, Kennesaw Landis (the future Baseball Commissioner) had improperly presided over the case after the filing of an affidavit of prejudice.

1923: In Long Branch, NJ, “Isaac Barnett Mailer, an accountant born in South Africa” and the former Fanny Schneider gave birth to Pulitzer Prize winning author Norman Mailer.
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/10/books/11mailer.html
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/nov/10/books.booksnews

1924: Birthdate of Marion Ruth Abitz, the wife of Irving Abitz

1924: In Pontiac, Michigan, Fannie Ester Blustin and Philip Taubman gave birth to mall developer Adolph Alfred Taubman.
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/19/business/a-alfred-taubman-shopping-mall-tycoon-involved-in-price-fixing-scandal-dies-at-91.html

1925: Birthdate of Charles Eliot Silberman, the native of Des Moines, Iowa, who gained fame as “a journalist whose books addressed vast, turbulent social subjects including race, education, crime and the state of American Jewry.” (As reported by Margalit Fox)

1928: Nathan Straus, prominent philanthropist, celebrated the eightieth anniversary of his birthday today at his home, 580 West End Avenue.  He will spend the day quietly with members of his immediate family. Among those sending congratulatory communications are President Calvin Coolidge and New York City Mayor Jimmy Walker. While Straus has gained great honor for his humanitarian efforts, he was proud of his business acumen and some of his unique accomplishments which, according to him, included the introduction of rest rooms and medical care employees.  His philanthropic contributions in Palestine were made with the understanding that they would be available to all regardless of race, religion, creed or nationality.  Everybody knows about his support of Jewish settlers, but how many people are aware of the fact that he gave funds that were to be used by Arabs so that they buy modern agricultural equipment?  How many people known that when Palestine was struck by an earthquake, and Arabs were the chief victims, he sent a substantial sum earmarked for their use?  

1928: Mrs. Hertha Fuerth Lasker, a Viennese artist who was married last August to Edward Lasker, one of the leading chess players in the United States and a cousin of Albert Lasker, former Chairman of the United States Shipping Board, was a passenger on the Hamburg-American liner which arrived in New York tonight.

1929:Stalin expelled Leon Trotsky Russia.  Trotsky took refuge in Turkey.

1930: The Golden Ring, a romantic operetta, set in Tel Aviv, premiered at the National Theatre on Second Avenue in New York City.

1930: The trial of Simcha Hinkas, the Jewish policeman charged with leading a Jewish crowd which killed a family of Arabs in Jaffa on Aug. 25, 1929 continued today in Jaffa with the prosecution presenting what it consider to be its strongest witnesses.  

1931: Dr. William H. Hechler, a Protestant clergyman and teacher who was an early supporter of Theodore Herzl and his Zionist program passed away today at the age of 86.  Among other things, Hechler arranged for Herzl to meet Kaiser Wilhelm in those pre-war days when it was thought that the German monarch could persuade the Ottomans to support a Jewish homeland in Palestine.

1932: The New York Times reported that Miss Freda Berson of Warsaw who is one of the best discus throwers in Poland and Miss Heda Bienenfeld of the Vienna Hokah, an outstanding Austrian swimmer will be competing in the upcoming Maccabiah.

1933(4thof Shevat, 5693): Heinrich Oppenheimer, the German born physician who moved to Britain where he pursued a medical career and, after obtaining an LL.B combined his two areas of interest to produce “The Criminal Reasonability of “Lunatics: A Study in Comparative Law” and “The Rational for Punishment” passed away today in Nice.

1933: On the day after they had dined together in Washington Friedrich Wilhelm von Prittwitz und Gaffron resigned the German Ambassador to the United States resigned and called German-Jewish Lin Feuchtwanger not to return to Germany.

1934: Birthdate of “Alfred Appel Jr., a scholarly expert on Vladimir Nabokov, whose lecture course he attended at Cornell and the author of wide-ranging interpretive books on modern art and jazz.” (As reported by William Grimes)
http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C00E3DA163DF934A35756C0A96F9C8B63&scp=1&sq=Alfred+Appel%2C+Jr.&st=nyt

1934(15th of Shevat, 5694): Tu B'Shevat

1935 (27th of Shevat, 5695); David Trietsch, an expert on the agriculture and economy of Palestine, as well as “one of the founders of the Zionist movement” passed away today.  The 65 year old native of Germany died of heart failure at Rmat Ayim, near Tel Aviv.  Trietsch believed that a Jewish homeland would be created through “practical colonization” as opposed to political negotiations.  When the Ottomans sought to halt Jewish settlement in Palestine, Trietsch supported the settlement of Jews in Cyprus so that they would be poised to move to Palestine quickly as soon as there was a change in the political climate.

1935: “The Good Fairy” a romantic comedy directed by William Wyler and produced by Carl Laemmle, Jr. premiered in New York Ctiy.

1935: In Croatia, Mane and Helen Hochwald gave birth to Branko Hochwald, who would come to United States in 1944 where he gained fame as Raymond B. Harding, the leader of New York State’s Liberal Party. (As reported by Robert D. McFadden)

1936: “The suffering of the Jews in Germany has brought into focus the necessity for an all-inclusive brothe hood of Jews and Gentiles in the city and nation,” according to the 1935 Report of the Greater New York Federation of Churches which was made public today.

1937: In Baltimore, MD Ida (née Gouline) and Benjamin Charles Glass, a record store owner, gave birth to composer Philip Morris Glass

http://www.philipglass.com/

1937: Ben-Zion Mossinson of Tel Aviv delivered an address at New York’s Rodeph Sholom entitled “Is There A Solution for the Jewish Problem?”

1938:Muriel Rukeyser established herself as a poet of enduring impact with the publication of U.S. 1, her second book of poems.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that three large Arab bands abducted nine Arab supernumerary policemen from their police post near Acre, and shot their corporal dead in cold blood. The Arab policemen were disarmed and beaten, warned to leave the force and released. At another police post in the South arms and ammunition were stolen.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that Romania officially denounced the Minorities Treaty into which it had entered upon gaining independence at the Peace Conference at Versailles, and claimed that the Jewish question was now "a purely internal matter" over which the League of Nations had no more jurisdiction. This meant that Romania now felt free to implement still more severe anti-Semitic discriminatory measures. 

1938: The Palestine Post reported on the rise of anti-Jewish feelings and vandalism in Yugoslavia including the fact that "local Nazis" had smashed the windows out of the Sephardic synagogue of Belgrade.

1940: In New York, Dr. Eugene Hevesi, a Hungarian-born leader in the American Jewish community who served as foreign affairs secretary for the American Jewish Committee and as representative to the United Nations for several Jewish NGOs and his wife gave birth to Alan Hevesi, the New York Democrat who served as Comptroller of New York City and State Comptroller for the state of New York. He is also the brother of New York Timesman Dennis Hevesi who creates literary gems for the obituary page.

1939: “During the parliamentary debate” today in Budapest “on the anti-Jewish bill, the president of the Association of Hungarian Industrialists, Alexander Knob, said Hungarian economic life would be gravely endangered by ‘proletarization’ of 6,000 to 7,000 Jews.”

1940: Birthdate of Alan G. Hevesi “a Democratic politician who served as a New York State Assemblyman from 1971 to 1993, as Comptroller of the City of New York from 1994 to 2001, and as State Comptroller for the State of New York from 2003 to 2006”

1941(3rdof Shevat, 5701): Twenty-four year old Bulla (Bubbles) Blumenson was killed by enemy action today after which she was interred at the Rainham Jewish Cemetery.

1941: Three thousand Jews were taken from their villages and moved into the Warsaw Ghetto. Another 70,000 Jews would be uprooted and moved into the Warsaw Ghetto by the end of March.

1941: U.S. premiere of “Come Live With Me” starring Hedy Lamar.

1941: Birthdate of Leningrad native Lev M. Bergman, the Israeli mathematician “most known for the Bregman divergence named after him.”

1942 (13th of Shevat, 5702): Rebbetzin Shterna Sarah passed away in New York. Wife of the fifth Lubavitcher Rebbe, Rabbi Sholom DovBer Schneerson, and mother of the sixth Rebbe, Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak, Rebbetzin Shterna Sarah lived through the upheavals of the first half of the 20th century. She fled the advancing front of World War I from Lubavitch to Rostov, where her husband passed away in 1920 at age 59. In 1927, she witnessed the arrest of her son by Stalin's henchmen the night he was taken away and sentenced to death, G-d forbid, for his efforts to keep Judaism alive throughout the Soviet empire. After Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak's release, the family resettled in Latvia and later, Poland; in 1940, they survived the bombing of Warsaw, were rescued from Nazi-occupied city, and immigrated to the United States.

1942: Einsatzgruppe A commanding officer, Franz W. Stahlecker, sent a detailed report about activities in the Baltic and White Russian countries. It stated that between July 23 and October 15, 1941, 135,567 Jews were killed. Eichmann sent out a letter making official the conclusions of the Wannsee Conference, "The evacuation of the Jews . . . is the beginning of the final solution of the Jewish problem."

1942: By the end of January, at least 160,000 Jews were living in the Lodz ghetto.

1945 (17th of Shevat, 5705): Fritz Freund, husband of Mathilde Freund, died at Buchenwald just three months before the camp was liberated.  In the first decade of the 21st century Mathilde Freund would sue France’s government owned railroad, Societe National des Chemins de Fer Francais over its role in the deportation of her husband and thousands of other French Jews to the death camps.

1946: Having resigned from the RAF Mordechai "Modi" Alon returned to Palestine and enrolled as an architecture student at the Technion. Allon would gain fame as one of the first fighter pilots in the IAf and the first one to shoot down an enemy aircraft.

1946: “The citation for Captain Isidore’s MBE that concluded ‘For his courage and devotion to duty during his two clandestine missions in Occupied France, it is recommened that Captain Newman be appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire (Military Division)’ was gazetted today.”

1947: In the House of Commons, during a debate about Britain marinating the Mandate in Palestine, Churchill, leading the Opposition, calls for the Government to end the Mandate.  Two weeks later, the Labor Government will adopt this as policy. 

1948: Birthdate of poet Albert Goldbarth.

1948:J D Salinger's "A Perfect Day for Banana Fish" appears in New York City.

1949: After hearing Churchill’s speech in Parliament denouncing the logic of the Labor Government’s policy towards Israel and calling for recognition of the new Jewish state, Sir Simon Marks, a leading Jewish businessman and philanthropist, wrote to the former PM assuring him that Chaim Weizmann would find great comfort in his words.

1949: The U.S. which had recognized Israel on a de factor basis on May 15 recognized Israel on a de jure basis today.

1950: In Larchmont, drama critic Walter Kerr and author Jean Collins Kerr gave birth to John Kerr, “an editor, literary muse and confidant for a generation of Freudian scholars and the author of A Most Dangerous Method, the book that became the basis for a play and a movie directed by David Conenberg about the famous feud between Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung

1950: President Truman revealed that he had ordered the Atomic Energy Commission to develop the hydrogen bomb.  This decision might have been called Dueling Jewish Physicists.  On one side was Dr. Oppenheimer father of the A-Bomb who opposed building the hydrogen bomb.  On the other side was Dr. Teller who had worked on the A-Bomb and favored building the H-Bomb.  Teller won out.  Oppenheimer’s opposition was one of the causes of him losing his security clearance during the 1950’s. This was an injustice that Teller did not support and that President Kennedy would rectify.

1951: Birthdate of Dr. Harold Alan Pincus, the Vice Chair of the Department of Psychiatry at Columbia University’s College of Physicians and Surgeons and father of Zachary Pincus-Roth the Princeton educated writer and journalist.

1954: Birthdate of Rabbi Michael Melchior, the native of Copenhagen who made Aliyah in 1986.

1955: Egyptian authorities hanged two Jews in Cairo – Dr. Moshe Marzouk and Samuel (Shmeul) Azar – who had been found guilty of spying for Israel.  Eight other Jews had been given long prison sentences for the same reason.

1957: Martin Landau married Barbara Bain today.

1958: Lieutenant General Haim Laskov is serving as IDF Chief of Staff as the Egyptians and Syrians prepare to form the United Arab Republic which will increase the threat faced by the Jewish state.

1960: World Sephardi Federation meets in Madrid, Spain. Some members complain they did not want Spain to be the site of the meeting, as they did not want to return to Spain for any reason.

1960:Songwriter Adolph Green marries actress/singer Phyllis Newman in New York City.

1961: David Ben-Gurion resigned as premier of Israel.

1961: A 3.5 kilometer tract of land southwest of Mount Kidod was chosen today as the site for the city of Arad.

1961: Joseph Rosenstock returned to the Met today to conduct Tristan und Isolde.

1965: CBS broadcast the first episode of “For the People” a “legal drama” created by Stuart Rosenberg, produced by Herbert Rodkin and starring William Shatner and Howard Da Silva.

1967(20thof Shevat, 5727): Seventy-year old sculptor, Virginia Morris Pollak, the wife of Leo Pollak passed away today.
http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=9901E4DF1439E53BBC4953DFB466838C679EDE
http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/pollak-virginia-morris

1968: At sunset, all non-Israeli military units gave up the search for the INS Dakar, an Israeli submarine that had been first been reported missing on January 26.

1970(24thof Shevat, 5730): Seventy-six year old Samuel Feldman, the husband of Stella Feldman of Long Beach, NY, passed away today in Miami Beach.

1970: In Washington, DC, “Judith Plotz, an English professor at The George Washington University, and Dr. Paul Plotz, researcher at the National Institutes of Health” gave birth to “David Plotz, an American journalist and is currently the CEO of Atlas Obscura, an online magazine devoted to discovery and exploration” who is married to Hanna Rosin, “a co-founder of Slate magazine’s DoubleX.

1973: U.S. premiere of “Steel Yard Blues” produced by Julia Phillips

1974: Linda McCartney and her husband “appeared on the cover of Rolling Stone today, making her the only person to have taken a photograph, and to have been photographed, for the front cover of the magazine.”

1974(8th of Shevat, 5734): Hilda Winifred Lewis (nee Maizels), the Whitechapel born historical novelist who was the wife of Dr. M.M. Lewis, the Director of the Institute of Education at the University of Nottingham, the sister of Montague Maizels and Miriam Wright and sister-in-law of Professor Samson Wright passed away today.

1974 (8th of Shevat, 5734):  Samuel Goldwyn, a major force in the creation of the motion picture industry, passed away at the age of 91. The evolution of Goldwyn’s name is microcosm of the experience of European Jews who came to America.  Born Schmuel Gelbfisz, he changed his name to Samuel Goldfish when he moved to Great Britain because that sounded more English.  After he moved to America he went into partnership with two Broadway producers whose names were Selwyn.  In naming their partnership they combined their two last names to create Goldwyn.  Sam liked the American sound of it so much that he changed his name for the third and last time.  What is amazing is the role that this Jewish immigrant from Poland played in creating modern American culture.  Among other things, he discovered that quintessential American hero, Gary Cooper and won the Oscar for best picture with his production “The Best Years of Our Lives.” Goldwyn may have been.  When Louis B Mayer a former partner turned commented on Goldwyn’s death he said, “The reason so many people turned up at his funeral is that they wanted to make sure he was dead."  However Goldwyn’s last production marked him as a man of moral fiber. In his final film made in 1959, Samuel Goldwyn brought together African-American actors Sidney Poitier Dorothy Dandridge, Sammy Davis, Jr. and singer Pearl Bailey in a film rendition of the George Gershwin Opera, Porgy and Bess. The film won three Oscars. Samuel Goldwyn's lack of English language skills led to many of his malapropisms being frequently quoted such as:

  • "A verbal contract isn't worth the paper it's written on."
  • "Include me out."
  • "What we need now is some new, fresh clichés."
  • "Anyone who would go to a psychiatrist ought to have his head examined!"
  • "Every director bites the hand that lays the golden egg."
  • "Flashbacks are a thing of the past."
  • "A wide screen just makes a bad film twice as bad."

1978: Israel turned 3 military outposts in the West Bank into civilian settlements

1978: The Jerusalem Post reported that Defense Minister Ezer Weizmann left for Cairo for the second round of the interrupted military discussions. One of his specific aims was reported to be to influence the Egyptians so that they would modify their position of "not giving up even one inch of Sinai."

1979(3rd of Shevat, 5739): Celia Adler passed away today at the age of 89.  Known as the “First Lady of the Yiddish Theatre” she was part of Jewish theatrical dynasty that included her parents, Jacob and Dinah Shtettin, her half-sister Stella Adler and her half-brother Luther Adler.
http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=F40B16F73B5D12728DDDAB0894DA405B898BF1D3

1980: The New York City Ballet premiere of “Fancy Free,” a ballet by Jerome Robbins “took place today.”

1980: Seventy-three year old Irving Loeb Goldberg “assumed senior status” on the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit.

1981: Jean-Marie Lustiger was enthroned as Archbishop of Paris.  He had been born Aaron Lustiger and converted at the age of 13 in 1940.  His mother died at Auschwitz.

1986: “Youngblood” a dramatic film edited by Stephen E. Rivkin who would later gain fame for his “work on the ‘Pirates of the Caribbean’” was released in the United States today.

1986: “Down and Out in Beverly Hills” a comedy directed and co-produced by Paul Mazursky and co-starring Bette Midler and Richard Dreyfus was release today.

1987: In “Poignant Look-back At Holocaust In 'Beloved'” published today Kevin Thomas reviewed Manfred Kirchheimer’s “We Were So Beloved.”
http://articles.latimes.com/1987-01-31/entertainment/ca-2432_1_german-jews

1987: As more information came out about what would be known as The Iran-Contra Affair, Yaacov Nimrodi, said today that Israel's Defense Ministry had approved the sale of $50 million worth of Israeli-made weapons to Iran almost two months before the first reported American request for Israel's help in approaching Teheran.

1988: A Jewish settler was severely burned today when his car was firebombed in an area near the Ofra settlement north of Jerusalem.

1988: ABC broadcast the first episode of “The Wonder Years” a comedy-drama co-created by Neal Marlens and narrated by Daniel Stern.

1989: Birthdate of Israel Bar-On “an Israeli singer, who won Israel's Kokhav Nolad (A Star is Born) song contest in 2008.”

1990: Yuval Ne'eman resigned from the Knesset today and was replaced by Gershon Shafat.

1992: Tonight’ performance of the Gershwin musical "Crazy for You" at the Shubert Theater is a benefit designed to raised funds for the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center.

1993: Broadcast of the first episode of Barry Levinson’s “Homicide: Life on the Street” co-starring Yaphet Kotto and Richard Belzer.

1993: The Dallas Cowboys, who had counted on the play of Alan Veingard during the regular won Super Bowl XXVII even though he had been “declared inactive for the game.”

1995(30THof Shevat, 5755) Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1996: Alan Binder completed his service as the 15th Vice Chairperson of the Federal Reserve.

1996 (10th of Shevat, 5756): Mathematician Gustave Solomon passed away at the age of 65.

1997: “Meet Wally Sparks” a comedy written by and starring Rodney Dangerfield was released in the United States today.

1997: “Waiting for Guffman” with a screenplay co-authored by Eugene Levy who also co-starred in the comedy along with Bob Balaban was released in the United States today.

1999: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or topics of special interest to Jewish readers including Playing For Keeps: Michael Jordan and the World He Made
by David Halbestram and The Burden of Responsibility:Blum, Camus, Aron and the French Twentieth Century by Tony Judt. 


2002: For the second time in a year Tayibe was the target of a terrorist attack which this time Hamas claimed credit.

2004: “Talmud: in the Art of Ben-Zion and Marc Chagall,” an exhibit at the Center Art Gallery at Calvin College that brings together the Biblical work of two of the most important Jewish artists of the 20th Century that features 18 intaglio prints by Ben-Zion and 25 color lithographs by Marc Chagall comes to an end.

2004: Joelle Fishman, the daughter of Jewish immigrants who was born in 1946, “addressed the Communist Party’s conference on the 2004 elections in New York.

2007: Haim Ramon was convicted of “indecent assault” and sentenced to community service.

2007: The Times of London reported that Lord Levy (Michael Levy) the Prime Minister's personal friend and fundraiser, is the second person close to No 10 Downing Street to be questioned by police under suspicion of perverting the course of justice in the ongoing cash-for-honors investigation.

2007: The Jerusalem Post reported that the recently launched Yad Vashem Farsi site has been well received by the target audience. Since the Persian site went on-line last week, some 11,000 hits have been recorded, including 2,242 visits from Iran. That figure is just 1,000 hits short of the total number of visits the Yad Vashem Web site received from Iranians in the whole of 2006

2008: June Muriel Brown “made history by being the first and so far only actress to carry an entire episode single handed in the history of British soap, with a monologue looking back over her past life, dictated to a cassette machine for her husband Jim to listen to in hospital following a stroke.”

2008: Avi Geffen performed at Bush Hall in London.

2008: In Manhattan, the 92nd St Y presents “Praise, Grumble, Schmooze, Lament: The Voices of 21st Century Jewish Poetry.” The program features readings by established and emerging Jewish poets, including Alicia Ostriker, Rodger Kamenetz, Robin Becker, Jacqueline Osherow, Dan Bellm, Patty Seyburn, Philip Terman, Scott Cairns, Jay Michaelson and Richard Chess. 

2008: The Washington Post featured a review of Sacha Baron Cohen the Unauthorized Biography: from Cambridge to Kazakhstan by Kathleen Tracy

2008: It was announced that Neil Diamond will appear at the upcoming Glastonbury Festival in the UK.

2009: The 92ndSt Y presents a musical evening featuring the Tokyo String Quartet and Jerusalem born pianist Benjamin Hochman.

2009: The Jewish Federation of Howard County (MD) presents Yom Hadash Community Concert.

2010: Transportation Minister Yisrael Katz (Likud) said today that Israel would allow the ultra-Orthodox community to continue to run their private bus lines segregated by gender, but could not officially recognize the practice on public bus lines. The minister was responding to a petition sent by the Israel Religious Action Center and a women's rights group to the government and to the Egged and Dan transportation companies. Katz declared in his response that Israel does not disapprove of buses which separate between men and women to accommodate the Hardi community, but that segregation could not become institutionalized.

2010: The New York Timesfeatured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Blood and Faith: The Purging of Muslim Spain by Matthew Carr and 36 Arguments for the Existence of God: A Work of Fictionby Rebecca Newberger Goldstein

2010: The Tenth Herzliya Conference is scheduled to open this afternoon on the Campus of the Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya in Israel.

2010: The Israel Center of the Milwaukee Jewish Federation, the Harry & Rose Samson Family Jewish Community Center and the Jewish Museum Milwaukee invite the Jewish community to attend “Dead Sea Scrolls and the Bible: A Jewish Night at the Museum” which will include a tour of the “Dead Sea Scrolls and the Bible” exhibit at the Milwaukee Public Museum and recitation by Museum President and CEO Daniel Finley of the real story of how the exhibit came to the Museum.

2010: Opening session of The Tenth Herzliya Conference, “Israel‘s primary global policy annual gathering, drawing together Israeli and international participants from the highest levels of government, business, and academia to address pressing national, regional and world strategic issues.”

2010: An exhibition at the Krasdale Gallery in White Plains, NY, entitled “Pages de Guerre” featuring the works of Avigdor Arikha comes to an end.

2010(16th of Sh'vat, 5770): David V. Becker, a pioneer in using radioactive materials to diagnose and treat thyroid disease and an expert on the thyroid damage caused by the Chernobyl nuclear reactor accident in 1986, passed away  at his home in Manhattan. (As reported by Mathew Wald)
http://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/obituaries/articles/2010/02/13/david_v_becker_86_pioneer_in_thyroid_disease_treatment/

2011: Dr. Ron Taffel is scheduled to present a program entitled “Childhood Unbound: Confident Parenting in a World of Change” at the 92nd Street Y in NYC.

2011: “A cornerstone laying ceremony was held for four apartment buildings with a total of 24 homes that are the beginning of the new Jerusalem community of Beit Orot on the Mount of Olives Ridge.”

2011: Rami Feinstein is scheduled to presents a concert featuring songs from his two albums—a combination of rock, folk, and funk- in Jerusalem.

2011: NYC based Israeli choreographers Deganit Shemy and Netta Yerushalmy, are scheduled to perform this evening in an event intended to raise funds for the 1st Contemporary Israeli Dance Festival in New York, coming in June 2011.

2011: Last day for submitting recipes for the 2011 Man-O-Manischewitz Cook-Off.

2011: The Jerusalem Post reported today that “The Sundance independent film festival over the weekend followed the Oscars and Golden Globes in recognizing the Jewish and Israeli contribution to world cinema by handing out awards to two Israeli filmmakers. The world cinema dramatic screenwriting award went to Erez Kav-El for his film, Restoration. Talya Lavie received an Inaugural Sundance Institute Mahindra Global Film-making award which recognizes and supports emerging independent filmmakers from around the world.

2011: Right-wing activists have exploited Facebook's protocol that prohibits organizations from opening personal profiles to report and block the profiles of several leftist groups, Haaretz learned on today. The move, initiated by activists linked to the far-right leader Baruch Marzel, has thus far led to the blocking of the profile pages of left-wing groups including Machsom Watch, Yesh Gvul, and Anarchists against the Wall.

2011: Grad rockets landed near the cities of Netivot and Ofakim in the western Negev today, causing damage to a car and leading to four people being treated for shock. One rocket hit Netivot, which is 9 miles east of Gaza, and the second exploded in Ofakim, 15 miles from Gaza.

2011:American Sephardi Federation presents an evening with Edwin Black author of “The Farhud: Roots of the Arab-Nazi Alliance in the Holocaust.”

2011: Thanks to the efforts of the Jewish American Society for Historic Preservation and the British Christian Zionist Movement an appropriate tombstone was placed what had been the unmarked gravesite of Reverend William Henry Hechler, a Protestant clergyman who was an early ally of Herzl and a supporter of the establishment of a Jewish home in Palestine.

2012: “Jewish Soldiers in Blue Gray” is scheduled to be shown at the Southwest Florida Jewish Film Festival in Fort Meyers, FL.

2012: “Yoo-Hoo, Mrs. Goldberg” is scheduled to be shown at Beth Tikvah Synagogue in Toronto, Canada.

2012: Alan Zweibel will be signing copies of Lunatics, a novel, he co-authored with Dave Barry, following his scheduled interview with Mo Rocca at Buttenwieser Hall at the 92nd Street Y.

2012:Iran's "evil" leaders cannot be allowed to obtain nuclear weapons, President Shimon Peres said today, calling the Islamic Republic's nuclear ambitions the world's single most important issue

2012:Turnout for the Likud party's primary elections was unusually low today. By mid-afternoon, only 14 percent of eligible voters had cast their ballot to elect a new party leader and central committee.

2013(20th of Shevat, 5773): Seventy year old children’s author Diane Wolkstein passed away.(As reported by Paul Vitello)
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/04/nyregion/diane-wolkstein-author-who-sparked-a-storytelling-revival-dies-at-70.html?hpw&_r=0
http://www.jewishfederations.org/page.aspx?id=65378
http://dianewolkstein.com/

2013: PBS is scheduled to broadcast a documentary entitled “Space Shuttle Columbia: Mission of Hope” which ”tells the remarkable true story of Colonel Ilan Ramon, Israel's first astronaut, and the miniature Torah scroll he carried from the depths of Hell to the heights of Space.”http://www.bethelnj.org/sites/default/files/flyers/IlanRamon-PBS.pdf

2013: “Cartoonists Against the Holocaust: Art in the Service of Humanity” is scheduled to come to an end today.http://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/20/nyregion/a-review-of-cartoonists-against-the-holocaust-in-new-rochelle.html?_r=0

2013: Award-winning, bestselling author Edwin Black is scheduled to chronicle the centuries of intersection between Islam and Jewry that led to the Farhud pogrom in Baghdad in 1941 and the ensuing Arab-Nazi alliance in the Holocaust in a major address at Fordham University this evening.  ”Black's presentation is based on his recent bestselling and critically acclaimed book, The Farhud: Roots of the Arab-Nazi Alliance in the Holocaust

2013: Rabbi Gil Marks, “noted chef and cookbook author” is scheduled to deliver a lecture “From Schmear To Eternity” at Agudas Achim in Iowa City.

 2013: Composer Phillip Glass turns 75.
http://forward.com/specials/forward-50-2012/philip-glass/?no-mobile-redirect

2013: The Kinneret (Sea of Galilee) was once again the beneficiary of a winter storm today as rain poured down upon the Land of Israel, causing power outages around the country.

2013: Mt Hermon will be closed to the public today as well. Hermon Administration has announced another 20 cm of snow at the bottom of the ski lift. 40 cm have piled up at the bottom of the ski lift since the beginning of the current storm

2014(30tth of Shevat, 5774): Rosh Chodesh Adar I

2014(30thof Shevat, 5774): Fifty-two year old humanitarian Anne Heyman passed away today. (As reported by Douglas Martin)
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/09/world/africa/anne-heyman-rwanda-rescuer-is-dead-at-52.html?hpw&rref=obituaries

2014: Eighty-five year old Mike Flanagan who had an Irishman serving with the British army who participated in the liberation of Bergen-Belson and who “smuggled two Cromwell tanks to the Haganah in 1948” passed away today.

2014: After 20 years, David Stern stepped down as Commissioner of the NBA.

2014: It was reported by Israel’s Channel 2 News tonight that the Israeli government secretly channeled 148 million shekels (over $42 million) to the local city councils that administer settlements across the West Bank in recent years, to “compensate” them for city taxes they did not receive because of a government-imposed settlement-building freeze in 2009-2010.

2014: The Iron Dome missile defense system shot down at least one of two Grad rockets fired at Eilat from the Sinai Peninsula this evening.

2015: The Eden-Tamir Music Center is scheduled to present “Chamber Music for Flute, Bassoon and Piano featuring Esti Rofe, Mauricio Paez and Ana Kaiserman.

2015: In Olney, MD, Shaare Tefila is scheduled to host its Fourth Annual Comedy Night of “Sweet Laughter.

2015(11thof Shevat, 5775): Shabbat Shirah

2015(11thof Shevat, 5775): Eighty-six year old CBS news producer Sandy Socolow passed away today.
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/04/business/media/sandy-socolow-cbs-newsman-during-heady-days-dies-at-86.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0
https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/sandy-socolow-news-producer-for-walter-cronkite-at-cbs-dies-at-86/2015/02/02/5824b2a8-aaf1-11e4-abe8-e1ef60ca26de_story.html

2016: Radio Kol Hamusica is scheduled to broadcast “one piece by Israeli composer Emanuel Vahl” this afternoon.

2016: Laura Apelbaum is scheduled to host a panel discussion on “Soviet Jewry: The Movement that United Our Jewish World” in Rockville, MD.

2016(21stof Shevat, 5776): Ninety-two year old historian Elizabeth Eisenstein the author of The Printing Press as an Agent of Change passed away today.
https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/24/books/elizabeth-eisenstein-historian-of-movable-type-dies-at-92.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

2016: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Poetry of Yehuda Amichai edited by Robert Alter, Divergent Paths: The Academy and the Judiciary by Richard A. Posner and Thomas Murphyby Roger Rosenblatt.

2017(4thof Tevet, 5777): On the Jewish calendar, yahrzeit of the Moroccan born Sephardic Rabbi, Yisrael Abuchatzeira, known as the “Baba Sali” who is buried in Netivot.

2017: Israeli singer/songwriter Noa Fort is scheduled to perform at the Cornelia Street Café.

2017: In the UK, “Denial” is scheduled to be shown for the last time at JW3.

2017: Today, “at least 17 Jewish community centers across the United States were targeted with bomb threats in the third wave of such mass disruption this month.” (JTA)

2018(15thof Shevat, 5778):  Tu B’Shevat; for more see http://downhomedavartorah.blogspot.com/

2018: “A Walk With Mr.Heifetz,” a play based on violinist Yashac Heifetz’s concert in Palestine in 1926 is scheduled to open at the Cherry Lane Theatre.

2018: The University of Iowa Hillel and Congregation Agudas Achim are scheduled to Tu B’Shevat Seder at Brix Cheese Shop and Wine Bar.

2018: At Temple Beth Abraham in Tarrytown, NY, architect and art historian, Bruce Levy is scheduled to deliver a lecture on Jewish Architects including “Kahn, Eisenman and Liebeskind.”

2018: Roman Abramovich’s Chelsea Football Club which “has launched a new campaign aimed at raising awareness of anti-Semitism to it players, fans and staff” is scheduled to play a Premier League against Bournemouth today,

 

 

 

 

This Day, February 1, In Jewish History by Mitchell A. Levin

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February 1

682:  Visigoth King Erwig pressed for the "utter extirpation of the pest of the Jews," and made it illegal to practice any Jewish rites in an area that corresponds to much of modern day Spain. This put further pressure on the Jews to convert or emigrate

1119: Callixtus II began his papacy. In 1120, Calixtus II issued the first of the bulls called “Sicut Judaeis” (As the Jews) which in his case was intended to protect Jews from the consequences of the First Crusade “during which over five thousand Jews were slaughtered in Europe.”

1225: Today “a papal order was issued granting certain commercial privileges to a Jewish merchant named Sabbatinus Museus Salaman, who is mentioned as the business associate of several Romans in the Papal States and in Sicily.”

1327: Coronation of English King Edward III who borrowed 140,000 florins “on the eve of the Hundred Years’ War” from a consortium led by Vivelin of Strasbourg, “an Alsatian Jewish financier” who was thought to be “one of the richest people living in the Holy Roman Empire.”

1593: For the 17th time since 1592, Lord Strange’s Men performed “The Jew of Malta.”

1605: Birthdate of Aboab de Fonseca, the Portuguese born Dutch Rabbi and Mystic.  In 1642, when Brazil was under Dutch control the 600 Jews of Recife established a synagogue where they could worship in public.  They recruited de Fonseca, who was living in Amsterdam, to come to Brazil and serve as their Hocham or spiritual leader.  This means that Aboab de Fonseca was the first congregational rabbi in the New World. In 1654, when the Portuguese defeated the Dutch and seized Recife, he joined a group of Jews returning to the Netherlands and successfully said back to Amsterdam. Aboab was held in high esteem by his former Amsterdam congregants, that he was reappointed as hocham in the synagogue and made teacher in the city’s Talmud Torah, principal of its yeshiva and member of the city’s bet din, or rabbinic court. He died in 1693 at the age of 88, having served the Jewish community of Amsterdam for 50 years after his return from Recife. While Aboab spent his final years as a man of letters, engaged in teaching and spiritual contemplation, “the adventuresome Isaac Aboab de Fonseca had been, from 1642 to 1654, America’s first rabbi, first Hebrew poet and a man who risked his life for Jewish religious freedom.” (One can only wonder what would have happened if Aboab had joined the group of Jews who left Recife in 1654 and ended up in New Amsterdam.  Would he have been the first rabbi in New York/)

1627: Rodrigo de Castro, the Lisbon born physician who escaped the Inquisition by moving to Antwerp with his family and the moving on to Hamburg when the Spanish re-took the Netherlands passed away today after which he was “buried in the cemetery of the Jewish-Portuguese congregation of Altona.”

1682(5442):  Asser Levy, the "founding father" of North American Jewry passed away.. He was survived by his wife Miriam (aka Maria). Though Levy and the "Levy" family of New York are thought of as Sephardic with roots in Holland and even further roots in Spain, he might have been the son of Benjamin Levy, an Ashkenazi shochet from Recife, Brazil.

1733: King Augustus II of Poland passed away.  Born in 1670, Augustus II was the Elector of Saxony (Germany) before gaining Augustus gained the Polish throne.  His rise to power was facilitated by his “court Jew” and financier Issachar Berend Lehmann. August II was a contemporary of the Besht who was making his public personna known at about the same time as the Polish King passed away.

1765(10thof Shevat, 5525): Rebecca Mendez Furtado, the first wife of Benjamin D’Israeli, the grandfather of his more famous namesake, passed away today.

1790: The U.S. Supreme Court, which would not have its first Jewish Justice until 1916 when Woodrow Wilson appointed Louis Brandeis, “convened for the first time today.

1779(15thof Shevat, 5539): Tu B’Shevat

1796: The capital of Upper Canada is moved from Newark to York. Jews did not settle in Canada until the British defeated the French in 1760, at which time the French ban on Jewish settlement in the area became null and void.  By the time of this move, the Jews had already built their first synagogue, The Spanish and Portuguese Synagogue of Montreal also known as Shearith Israel which was established in 1768.

1798(15thof Shevat, 5558): Tu B’Shevat

1799: In Denmark, Isaac Levy and his wife gave birth to Zacharias Levy, the husband of Bolette Salomonsen with whom he had three children – Isaac, Arnold and Herman.

1799: The French army under Napoleon left for Palestine to forestall a Turco-British invasion through the Palestinian land-bridge.

1809: Moshe ben Michael Kopf married Sarah bat Yehuda Leib HaLevi at the Great Synagogue.

1809: This evening, in Charleston, SC, Mary Joseph married Levi Moses.

1810(27 Shevat 5570): Rabbi Mechel Scheuer passed away. He was born in Frankfurt am Main in 1739.  His father was Rabbi David Tebele Scheuer and he led his father's Yeshiva in Mainz as its Rosh Yeshiva during the years 1776 and 1777. In 1778 he became rabbi of Worms and in 1782 was appointed rabbi of Manheim. At the time of his death, he was the rabbi of Coblence.

1813The Common Council of New York City passed an ordinance restricting the right to sell kosher meat to butchers licenses by Congregation Shearith Israel.

1823: Birthdate date of Simon Bacher, a descendant of Jair Hayyim Bacharach the 17thcentury rabbi at worms and the Maharal of Prague, the “Hungarian Neo-Hebraic Poet” who served as treasurer of the Jewish community of Budapest from 1876 until his death in 1891.

1826: Philadelphian Joseph Cohen began serving as a Midshipman today.

1827: In Paris James Mayer de Rothschild and Betty de Rothschild, the daughter of Salomon Mayer von Rothschild (Austrian Branch) gave birth to Alphonse de Rothschild, French banker, philanthropist and member of the French branch of the fabled Rothschild family whose wife Leonora was from the English House of Rothschild.

1828: Birthdate of Meyer Guggenheim the Swiss born patriarch of the Guggenheim family who came to the United States in 1847.

1832: David Haes married Sarah Samuel at the Hambro Synagogue today.

1836: Birthdate of Francis Lewis Cardozo, the Charleston, SC native who was the son of Lydia Weston, a free black woman and Isaac a Sephardic (Portuguese) Jews.

1839: Birthdate of James A. Herne who staged the first American production of Israel Zangwill’s “The Children of the Ghetto.

1840: In what would be the opening of the Damascus Blood Libel, “Father Thomas, a Roman Catholic priest and a” long-time resident of Damascus “suddenly disappeared today.

1842: In Bavaria, Rav Yitzchak Dov Halevi Bamberger ZT"L the Würzburger Rav and Kela Bamberger gave birth to Rabbi Nathan Bamberger of Würzburg

1844: Birthdate of Ernst Immanuel Cohen Brandes, the Danish economist.

1848: Birthdate of British author Arnold Henry White who went from blaming the Jews for the problems in East End from a “virulent anti-Semite” who opposed Jewish immigration to the United Kingdom.
https://archive.org/details/modernjew01whitgoog
http://jewishstudies.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/docs/Kennedy_awards/KennedyAward2005%20Shacham.pdf

1854: In Posen, Prussia, Dr. Marcus Mosse, a German born physician and his wife Ulrike Mosse gave birth to Emil Mosse

1856: Auburn University is chartered as the East Alabama Male College. Today Auburn has 60 Jewish students out of an undergraduate population of 19,000 students.  Auburn does not offer Jewish studies classes but does have a Hillel Chapter.  

1860: Rabbi Morris Raphall becomes the first Jewish clergyman to opena session of the House of Representatives. Raphall’s son-in-law would serve in the Union Army and after he had committed some unspecified infraction, Lincoln pardoned him. Raphall’s letter thanking Lincoln is still in existence today.

1861: Rabbi Isaac Mayer Wise published an article in The Israelite entitled “No Political Preaching” in which he explained why he had refrained from preaching a sermon on January 4, 1861.  President James Buchanan had designated that date “‘as a day of feasting and prayer, that God might have mercy upon us and save this Union.’” [This was just about the only action that Buchanan took to preserve the Union!]

1862(1st of Adar I, 5622): Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1862: The will of Samuel Samuels was admitted to probate today.  According to the terms of the will, Samuels left $100 to the Jewish congregation, "Bnai Jeshurun," on Greene-street, and $100 for the benefit of the Orphan Asylum under the charge of the Hebrew Benevolent Society.

1864: Quartermaster Sergeant Alan Weinbach began his service with Company A of the 113th Regiment that served as the 12th Cavalry.

1864: Philadelphian Aaron de Hann who had been born in February of 1844 began a two year enlistment with the 112 Regiment – 2nd Artillery.

1865: “A new law abolished the compulsion for Jews to enroll with one of Hamburg's two statutory Jewish congregations, so the members of the New Israelite Temple Society were free to found their own Jewish congregation.

1865: In Newark, NJ, founding of Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum Society whose members included Bernard Strauss, Reuben Trier, Joseph Goetz and G. J. Kempe which held its meetings on the first Thursday of each month.

1868(8th of Shevat, 5628): Isaac Leeser passed away. Born in 1806, he “was an American Jewish minister of religion, author, translator, editor, and publisher; pioneer of the Jewish pulpit in the United States, and founder of the Jewish press of America. He produced the first Jewish translation of the Bible into English to be published in the United States. He is considered one of the most important American Jewish personalities of the nineteenth century America.”

1872(22ndof Shevat, 5632): Fifty-three year old Polish born German actor Bogumil Dawison whose signature roles included Mark Antony, Hamlet, Richard III and King Lear, passed away in Dresden.

1873: Birthdate of historian Israel Zinberg “best known for his nine-volume History of the Literature of the Jews which was published in Vilnus starting in 1929.
http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Tsinberg_Yisroel

1874: In Vienna Anna Maria Josefa Fohleutner and an Austrian–Italian bank manager, Hugo August Peter Hofmann, Edler von Hofmannsthal gave birth to Austrian “man of letters” Hugo Laurenz August Hofmann von Hofmannsthal, the great-grandson of Isaak Löw Hofmann, Edler von Hofmannsthal, “a Jewish merchant ennobled by the Austrian emperor.”

1878: George Cruikshank the British illustrator who created “Fagan” in his cell passed away.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cruikshank_fagin_cell.jpg

1879: It was reported today that the Purim Association of New York will resume hosting a masked ball after a hiatus of 10 years.   The ball is scheduled to be held on Purim night.

1879: Wilhelm Marr, the man who popularized the term “anti-Semitism” published his pamphlet “Der Weg zum Siege des Germanenthums über das Judenthum” (The Way to Victory of Germanicism over Judaism. Toward the end of his life he would publish “Testament of an Antisemite” in which he would renounce the view that the Jews were the corrupters of German and European civilization.

1880: In St. Louis, the Young Men's Hebrew Association was organized.

1882: “The French Catholic newspaper La Croix publishes an article by Father Francois Picard, head of the Assumptionist order behind the journal, declaring that Jewish bankers and that they are behind all of Europe’s problems,”

1882: “Early in the course of the Russian persecutions a mass-meeting of New York's most representative citizens was held at Chickering Hall” today.

1882: In London a meeting was held at Mansion House which resulted in the creation of a fund of more than “£108,000 for the relief of Russo-Jewish refugees” in the United Kingdom

1883: Theodore Hoffman was arrested this evening and charged with the murder of Zife Marks, a Jewish peddler whose body had been on the road outside of Port Chester, NY.  (Hoffman would eventually be found guilty and executed for the murder.)

1885(16thof Shevat, 5645): Peretz Smolenskin, the Russian born Jewish novelist whose works in Hebrew including A Wander on the Path of Life (Ha-toeh be-darkhe ha-Hayyim, התועה בדרכי החיים) passed away today.
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0018_0_18751.html

1886: Dr. Solomon Eppinger retired from Hebrew Union College and was succeeded by David Davidson.

1886: H.U.C. conferred an honorary degree of Doctor of Divinity on Aaron Hahn.

1887: Birthdate of Harry Scherman, American economist, author and co-founder of the Book of the Month Club.

1887: Claude Marks married Caroline “Carrie) Hoffnung today at the West London Synagogue.

1890: Birthdate of Sadie Plutzik, the wife of Samuel Plutzik, both of whom are buried under a common headstoe at the Old Montefiore Cemetry

1890: Mrs. Moses Gersohnfeldt and her four young children ranging in age from two to eleven continue to languish in the custody of the immigration authorities because the Immigration Commissioner has decided that they might become pubic charges despite the fact that her husband and oldest son have come forth and shown that they are employed and earning enough money to see to it that they are properly cared for.

1890: “Castle Garden’s Autocrat” published today described Commissioner Edmund Stephenson’s capricious and semi-dictatorial control over the lives of immigrants, including Jews escaping the Czar’s tyranny, to whom he showed distinct hostility.

1891: Jacob A. Brenner, the son of an Orthodox Rabbi and William J.G. Bearns “opened their own law offices on Court Street under the name of Bearns & Brenner, specializing in civil and real estate law” today.

1891: In Brooklyn, Philip Schmalheiser and the former Rose Lewin gave birth to Edward Schmalheiser who as Edward Small carved out a fifty year career producing movies and television shows that ranged in quality from such classics as “The Count of Monte Cristo” to the highly forgettable “Ramar of the Jungle.”
http://www.cobbles.com/simpp_archive/edward_small.htm

1891: It was reported today that Mr. Rheinherz an agent of the United Hebrew Charities was among those who testified before the Congressional Committee investigating the operation of the Barge Office which was the main immigrant processing center in New York City.

1891: In Brooklyn, “Austrian-born Philip Schmalheiser and Prussian-born Rose Lewin” gave birth to Edward Schmalheiser who gained fame as movie producer Edward Small.

1892: It was reported today that Moritz Cohn, Morris Hertz, Max Jacob, Ignatz Boskowitz, Henry Rice and Simon L. Duetsch had served as pall bearers at the funeral of Benjamin Russak.

1893(15thof Shevat, 5653): Tu B’Shevat

1893: “Theatrical Gossip” published today described the success of “The Girl I Left Behind Me” which is being produced by Charles Frohman at the Standard Theatre.

1895: It was reported today that the Federation of East Side Workers “consisting of the pastors, priests and rabbis of the churches and congregations in New York south of 14th Street and east of Broadax…expresses its grateful appreciation to the chairman and members of the Tenement House Committee…” (Compare the active, positive role played by Rabbis in the United States with the anti-Semitism found at the same time in Russia, Germany and France).

1897: “The Future of Palestine” published today provided the views of Professor Richard J.H. Gottheil’s views on the Jewish settlement in this part of the Ottoman Empire.  Gottheil contended the Jews could again become “agriculturists” and that Palestine could “support a large agricultural and industrial population.”

1897: As of this date, the officers of the United Hebrew Charities of the City of New York say they will no long be able to respond to all of the demands of the needy without additional funds.  They received 250 applications a day, many of which come from people who have never applied before and they need at least $15,000 just to provide minimal aid.

1897: “Harm Done By Alarmists” published today includes the views of Rabbi Gustav Gottheil who expressed his sympathy for the working man, opposition to Socialism and defense of the expendiures of the wealthy as exemplified by the upcoming Bradley Martin-Ball

1897: It was reported today that Dr. Emil G. Hirsch said the work of the Jewish charities in Chicago has been complicated by the problems created by the influx of Jews flee the Czar who have taken “refuge in the larger cities of America.”

1897: It was reported today the delegates attending the Jewish Socialists Convention had voted to start a newspaper of their own after the managers of the Abendblatt, a Jewish socialist paper that had been founded in 1894, had made known their decision not relinquish control of the paper.

1899: The USS Bennington commanded by Edward Tausig fired a 21 gun salute as the United States flag was raised over Guam marking the end of almost 300 years of Spanish rule and Commander Tausig becoming the first American to control the islands “governmental and administrative affairs.”

1899: It was reported today that Professor Richard J.H. Gottheil of Columbia University read a “paper by Albert Ulmann on the Jews in New York during the Dutch colonial period. Mr. Ulmann gave as the earliest date when Jews this city as 1652, when some Jewish farmers were sent over from Holland to serve a year’s time a soldiers…”  He also “described the fight the Jews had to make against the religious bigotry of Stuyvesant.”  

1899: “Dr. Gottheil’s Successor” published today relied on information that first appeared in the New York Tribune to report that Dr. Gustav Gottheil is preparing to retire after serving as Rabbi at Temple Emanu-El for the past 25 years and that went to provide a brief history of the Reform movement in the United States.

1901: A Memorial Service for Queen Victoria was held at the Hurva synagogue in Jerusalem. Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi Samuel Salant officiated at the service which was so well attended that local police were called to control the crowd. 

1902: Birthdate of Polish native Benjamin Zemach, the graduate of Moscow’s Institute of Engineering who came to the United States in 1927 where he blazed new trails in choreography and modern dance.
http://www.nytimes.com/1997/06/30/arts/benjamin-zemach-95-dancer-worked-in-theater-and-films.html
http://www.israeldance-diaries.co.il/wp-content/issues/articles/ISRAEL%20DANCE%20ANNUAL%201986-%20BENJAMIN%20ZEMACH-FROM%20DARKNESS%20TO%20LIGHT%20BY%20NAIMA%20PREVOTS.pdf

1902(24thof Shevat, 5662): Seventy-year old Salomon Jadassohn, the German pianist and composer whose career suffered because he would not convert which meant he could not get many church related commissions and because of the rising tide of anti-Semitism in the second half of the 19th century passed away[ML1] today.

1904(15thof Shevat, 5664): Tu B’Shevat

1904:  Birthdate of Sidney Joseph Perelman. Better known as S. J. Perelman, he was a humorist, author, and screenwriter. He is primarily known for his humorous short pieces written over many years for The New Yorker magazine. His most famous cinematic venture was writing the script for the Academy Award-winning screenplay Around the World in Eighty Days starring David Niven.
http://www.nytimes.com/1979/10/18/archives/sj-perelman-humorist-is-dead-sj-perelman-humorist-dead-at-75.html

1905: In Tivoli, Italy, Giuseppe Segrè, a businessman who owned a paper mill, and Amelia Susanna Treves, Emilio Segre, the Italian born physicist who worked on the Manhattan Project and won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1959.
http://www.nytimes.com/1989/04/24/obituaries/dr-emilio-g-segre-is-dead-at-84-shared-nobel-for-studies-of-atom.html

1906: It was reported today that five persons have been executed in the Citadel at Warsaw, “bringing the number shot in the past fortnight to sixteen” fifteen of whom “were Jews.”

1910(22ndof Shevat, 5670): Schlome Katz passed away today after which he was buried in the Liepaja Jewish Cemetery.

1910: Birthdate of Michael Kanin, the native of Rochester, NY who shared an Oscar with Ring Lardner Jr for writing the script for Woman of the Year” and was nominated along with his wife Fay for an Oscar for the script for “Teacher’s Pet.”

1912: Peter H. James of Jersey City, NJ, was “promoted to the staff of the Quartermaster General of the State of New Jersey with the rank of Major.”

1913(24thof Shevat, 5673): Parashat Mishpatim

1913(24thof Shevat, 5673): Sixty-two year old newspaper correspondent Leon Strauss passed away at Turin, Italy.

1913: It was reported today the “two trained nurse who have been to Palestine by” New York “women Zionists” are “the vanguard of an entire corps of nurses” who “will work among the women and children of the Holy Land.

1913: This evening, Armand J. Lande and Miss Jessie Plotke are scheduled to lead the grand march at the Informal Dancing Party sponsored by the Ladies’ Auxiliary of Temple Sholom in the Lincoln Park Casino

1913: “According to information received by the Federation of American Zionist, Nachum Sokolow should have arrived today to begin a two month tour of the United States

1915: British soldiers braced for an attack from an Ottoman force that was determined to seize the Suez Canal – a seizure that would have short-circuited the later British campaign that led them to Jerusalem with all that that would mean for the Jewish people.

1915: A dispatch from the London Daily News datelined Cairo, based, in part on reports from “Vladimir Jabotinsky, a well-known Moscow journalist” describes the deteriorating conditions faced by the Jews living under Ottoman rule in Eretz Israel.  Mr. Jabotinksy “entertains the graves fears for the safety of the 15,000 colonists in Galilee, Judea and Samaria should the Turkish army in Syria” suffer a defeat since the Turkish government will blame it on the Jews.  The government “is doing its utmost to stir up feelings against the Zionists.  The Turks have declared Zionism to be a revolutionary, anti-Turkish movement “which must be stamped out.”  The Anglo-Palestine bank has been liquidated which will lead to ruin for many of the Jewish settlers.  A large number of Jewish refugees have fled to Alexandria among them “1,000 young men who have have declared their eagerness to join the British army.”  The report closes with expression of concern for the 5,000 Jews and 12,000 Christians living in Jerusalem who are trying to survive on American relief supplies described as “insufficient to maintain life.”

1915: William Fox (born Wilhelm Fuchs) found the Fox Film Corporation today.

1915: In response to a petition from the counsel of Leo M Frank who is under sentence of death for the murder of a factory girl in Atlanta, in 1913, The United States Supreme Court advanced the on his case to February 23; an action  to which the state of Georgia has assented.

1915: “Plan to Pursue Frank” published today described the plans of the prosecution to indict Leo Frank on one or two other unspecified charges if he his appeal to the Supreme Court overturn the murder conviction thus granting him his freedom.”

1916: “Dr. Joseph Jacobs” published today bemoaned the fact that New York “city and the world of letters as a whole has lost a brilliant and versatile writer” who found “few subjects…with which his mind and his pend di not busy themselves…with an even uniformity of erudite scope and depth.”
http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9404EED81E38E633A25752C0A9649C946796D6CF

1916: As of today, the American Jewish Relief” is reported to nearing its goal of two million dollars having collected $1,815,737.33 in cash and pledges.

1916: Dotty Hammer who had “volunteered her services for Jewish Relief Day” wrote from Newark, NJ today to express her “heartfelt respect as well as admiration for all those who gave because they felt that in a time of grief and dire need religion was no barrier.”

1917: Supreme Court Justice Cohalan granted the “right of incorporation” “o the Association for the Promotion of Sabbath Observance which works “to develop among its members and others a clear conception and understanding of Orthodox Jewry” including observing the Sabbath on Saturday. (Editor’s Note: This came at a time when the Reform movement was trying to shift observance of Shabbat to Sunday)

1917: Today “Karl Klein, a Jewish accountant from Vienna was recruited to serve in the Austro-Hungarian Army.

1917: In the wake of Germany’s announcement of unrestricted submarine Felix Warburg, Chairman of the Joint Distribution Committee expressed the concern that worsening relations with Germany would impede the war relief work in eastern Europe which is under the control of Germany and that contributions to aid those suffering from the war would fall off just when the need was greatest.

1917: “At Warren Street, in the Portobello area of Dublin, Jewish immigrants from eastern Europe Henry Levitas and Leah Rick who had been married in the Camden Street Synagogue gave birth to Maurice “Morry” Leviatis the political activist who took part in the “Battle of Cable Street” and who “became a senior lecturer in the sociology of education at Durham University.

1918: The Jewish Congress decided to “raise money to repatriate Galician Jews stranded in or around the city” of Berdichev.

1918: Russia adopted the Gregorian Calendar. Russia’s comparatively late adoption of the calendar used by most of the western world makes precise dating of certain events all the more difficult.

1918: “The Jewish National Fund received a check for 250,000 crowns from an anonymous woman” which was “to be cashed after peace” ended the World War.

1918: “As a result of a series of conferences, Dutch Jewish leaders formulate” a list of demands “to be presented at the peace conference including emancipation of the Jews; recognition of national rights in nation states; national concentration of Jewish people in Palestine; the cessation of contemptuous and oppressive treatment of Jews.”

1918: Today, French Foreign Minister Pichon is a statement to the press in which the government “gave its endorsement to the British declaration” on Palestine.

1918: In Edinburgh, Sarah Elizabeth Maud (née Uezzell) and Bernard Camberg, an engineer gave birth to Muriel Sarah Camberg who gained as award-winning Scottish novelist Dame Muriel Spark.

1918(19thof Shevat, 5678): Gaston Lelouch, the recipient of the War Cross died today.

1918(19thof Shevat, 5678)

1918: In Berdichev, “the Jewish Congress decided to raise money to repatriate Galician Jews stranded in or around the city.

1919: Harvey E. Wessel completed a seven month assignment with the Jewish Welfare Board during which time he performed the services usually done by a Jewish chaplain and a social worker while being stationed at the Naval Training Camp at Pelham Bay Park in New York City.

1919: The First Congress of the Muslim-Christian Association began its deliberations in Jerusalem.

1920: Thirty-nine “Turkish elders of the Sephardi Community formed the Sephardic Community of Los Angeles” today which became known as the Sephardic Temple Tifereth Israel.

1921: Felix M. Warburg, the President of the Federation for Support of Jewish Philanthropic Societies is scheduled to deliver a report describing the “critical conditions that face organized Jewish philanthropy in the coming year” this evening at annual meeting of the Federation being held at the Hotel Pennsylvania.

1921 First German translation of The International Jew
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/anti-semitism/ford.html

1922: Westmorland Davis, who in 1919 had urged “citizens, irrespective of race or creed, to contribute liberally” to the Jewish relief campaign” completed his four year term of service as Governor of Virginia today.

1923: Birthdate of Canadian businessman Benjamin Weider who “was the co-founder of the International Federation of Body Building and Fitness (IFBB).”

1923: “A Glass of Water,” a “German silent historical film” with a script co-authored by Adolf Lantz was released today.

1924: Automobile magnet Henry Ford who bankrolled the anti-Semitic Dearborn Independent which published the Protocols of the Elders of Zion entertained Nazi Kurt Ludecke at his Michigan home.

1924: Frederick Salomon van Nierop, the son of A.S. Nierop and Rachel Salvador, who was a director of the Amsterdam Bank and was a member of both the Amsterdam City Council and the Provincial Council of North Holland was buried today in the Jewish cemetery in Muiderberg.

1925: Today, Sophie Udin and six other women who had been active in the labor Zionist organization Poale Zion, created the Pioneer Women’s Organization of America which was renamed Pioneer Women in 1947 and Na'amat (a Hebrew acronym for "Movement of Working Women and Volunteers") USA in 1981.

1925: WMCA which Peter Straus took over in the late 1950’s began regular transmissions today.

1926: In New York City, Maria Jaussaud Justin, and Charles Maier gave birth to photographer Vivian Maier.
http://www.vivianmaier.com/
http://www.tabletmag.com/jewish-arts-and-culture/113385/vivian-maier-jewish-chicago

1927(29th of Shevat, 5687): Rabbi Nosson Tzvi Finkel (Nathan Zevi Finkel) the native of Lithuania known as the Alter of Slabodka passed away in Jerusalem

1928: Birthdate of Representative Tom Lantos, the California Democrat who took his seat in Congress in 1981 and is the only survivor of the Holocaust serving in Congress.

1928: “The Prince of Rogues,” a silent film directed by Curtis Bernhardt who co-authored the script was released today in Germany.

1928: Brooklyn Supreme Court Judge Mitchell May, a Jewish Democratic Party leader and friend of movie mogul Harry Cohn officiated at the wedding of movie director Frank Capra and Lucille Warner, the daughter of Myron Warner.

1929: “The Broadway Melody,” “the first sound film to win an Academy Award for Best Picture produced by Irving Thalberg and Lawrence Weingarten premiered at Grauman’s Chinese Theatre.

1930: Birthdate of Ping Pong or Table Tennis Champion, Marty Reisman.

1932: Birthdate of Batsheva Esther Eliashiv, the Jerusalem native who was the daughter of Rabbi Shalom Elisahiv and who became Rebbetzin Batsheva Esther Kanievskey when she married Rabbi Chaim Kanievsky.

1934: Hyman G. Enelow became rabbi emeritus of Temple Emanu-El on New York.

1935: At the annual convention of the Palestine Jewish Farmers Federation, Moshe Smilansky, veteran farmer economist, poet, writer and journalist, shocked the assembled gathering when in his opening address as president he announced that in the present circumstances in Palestine Jewish farmers and colonists should employ only Jewish labor.

1936(8thof Shevat, 5695): Parashat Bo

1936: Rabbi Jacob Tarshish is scheduled to deliver a sermon “How Can We Find Happieness?” at Temple B’nai Jeshurun

1936: English historian Dr. Cecil Roth is scheduled to lecture on “Will Hitlerism Spread?” this morning at Temple Rodeph Sholom.

1936: Rabbi Milton Sternberg is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “Does Morality Require Religion?” at Park Avenue Synagogue.

1936: “Rudolf Saudek, a well-known Leipzig Jewish sculptor and a Czechoslovak citizen protested through the Czechoslovak Legation in Berlin against a ruling by the Reich Chamber of Culture forbidding him to make tombstone for Jewish graves” – a business he went into after the Reich government had ended his career sculpting busts, many of which had been placed in the local university and libraries.

1937: In Washington, DC Secretary of State Cordell Hull met with a delegation representing the Arab National League which expressed the hope that the United States “will turn a sympathetic ear to the voice of the Arabs of Palestine.”

1937: It was reported that the junior division of the United Palestine Appeal has adopted a resolution urging Great Britain to permit Jews from Germany, Poland and other parts to Europe to immigrate to Palestine without any interruption.

1938: U.S. premiere of “Mad About Music” directed by Norman Rae Taurog and produced by Joe Pasternak.

1938: In Rumania, the Finance Ministry’s Alcohol Department has demanded that the licenses of Jewish innkeepers be restored following an investigation into the unfounded claims of Prime Minster Goga that the Jewish innkeepers were “poisoning the nation.”

1938: In Berlin, the Ministry of the Interior published a new law today empowering “German courts to revoke previous rulings permitting Jews to changes their names” which means that “a Jew who changed his name years ago can be compelled to resume his original names.

1938: The German government published a decree officially notifying banks “that any company that has one Jewish director” or in which Jews have a 25 per cent ownership stake “must be classified as a Jewish concern.”

1938: A court in Westphalia issued a decision “denying a license to sell intoxicating liquor to a café proprietor whose family had social relations with a Jewish family.”

1938: The funeral for “Eugene H. Paul who was for forty-eight years connected with Kuhn, Loeb” and “a leader in Jewish philanthropic circles” in New York City is scheduled to “be held at Temple Home” this morning followed by burial in Mount Neboh City.

1939: In Hamilton, Bermuda tonight, the Governor, General Sir Reginald Hildyard told the English Speaking Union that Hitler “has drawn America and Great Britain even closer than they were before” in part because “our hatred of what he has done our hatred of the way he has treated the Jews, has made us very close.”

1941: Prime Minister Churchill instructed his Foreign Minister, Anthony Eden, to send a warning to Romanian dictator Ion Antonescu telling him “that we will hold him and immediate circle personally responsible in life and limb” if the Iron Cross did not stop their murderous attacks on the Jews.

1943: Most of the 1,500 Jews remaining in Buczacz who had not been sent to Belzac were murdered. One survivor, Netka Goldberg, lost three sisters, two brothers and her mother. Her father would be killed seven months later.

1946: Norwegian statesman Trygve Lie was chosen to be the first secretary-general of the United Nations. Lie was head of the U.N. when Israel was created and was supportive of creating the Jewish state.

1947(11thof Shevat, 5707): Parashat Beshalach

1947(11thof Shevat, 5707): Sixty-two year old Russian born American attorney David Louis Podell who drafted major New Deal legislation passed away today.
http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=9C0DE0D91E3EE53ABC4A53DFB466838C659EDE

1947:  In Kennett Square, PA, “Florence Goldberger, a navy nurse and David Savitch , who ran a clothing store gave birth to  American television journalist Jessica Savitch.
http://www.nytimes.com/1983/10/25/obituaries/jessica-savitch-of-nbc-tv-killed-in-car-accident.html
http://www.adweek.com/tvnewser/the-legacy-of-jessica-savitch/200320

1947: In Nicosia, Cyprus Bronia Rosenberg, originally from Łódź, and a survivor of the Auschwitz concentration camp and Fishel Brand, from Biłgoraj, who had been a resistance fighter during World War II gave birth to Moshé Michaël Brand who gained fame as Israeli “pop star” Mike Brant.

1948: The Arabs bombed the Palestine Post (a.k.a. Jerusalem Post) building in Jerusalem

1950(14th of Shevat, 5710): French sociologist. Marcel Mauss passed away.

1951: During the Presidency of Harry Truman, Monnett B. Davis was appointed U.S. Ambassador to Israel.

1951(25thof Shevat, 5711): Seventy four year old Annie Morris, the wife of Hyman Morris, the first Jewis Lord May of Leeds, passed away today.

1952: Three years after being released in the United Kingdom, “The Small Room” which Emeric Pressburger co-directed, co-produced and co-wrote opened in New York City today.

1952: “Invitation” based on “the short story ‘R.S.V.P.’ by Jerome Weidman, directed by Gottfried Reinhardt, produced by Lawrence Weingarten and featuring Ruth Roman and Michael Checkhov was released in the United States today.

1952: SN (Samuel Nathaniel) Behrman's "Jane" premiered in New York City.  Behrman,was a popular and prolific dramatist who tackled a number of topics in his works including what it was like to grow up Jewish in a small town as the 19thgave way to the 20th century.

1953: CBS broadcast the first television episode of “You Are There” which had originally been created for radio by Goodman Ace and whose directors included Sidney Lumet.

1955: Lord Rothschild wrote to Churchill “thanking him for the fact that in Jerusalem in 1921 ‘you laid the foundation of the Jewish State by separating Abdullah’s Kingdom from the rest of Palestine.  Without this much-opposed prophetic foresight there would not have been an Israel today.’”

1956: In the UK, ITV broadcast the first episode of “Colonel March of Scotland Yard” produced by Hannah Weinstein.

1958: Egypt and Syria announced plans to merge into United Arab Republic.  This was one of those failed attempts at pan-Arabism that was really a military alliance designed to destroy Israel.  The U.A.R. was neither united or a real republic.  The Syrians pulled out in 1961, but the name lingered on for many years after.

1959(23rd of Shevat, 5719): Rabbi Jonah Bondi Wise passed away. He “was an American Rabbi and leader of the Reform Judaism movement, who served for over thirty years as rabbi of the Central Synagogue in Manhattan and was a founder of the United Jewish Appeal, serving as its chairman from its creation in 1939 until 1958.”

1959(23rdof Shevat, 5719): “Three civilians were killed by a landmine near Moshav Zavdiel”

1961(15thof Shevat, 5721): Tu B’Shevat observed for the first time during the Presidency of John Kennedy.

1963: Publication of the first issue of The New York Review which Barbara Epstein helped to found with the encouragement of her husband, “Jason Epstein, a vice president at Random House.”

1964: Red Auerbach of the Boston Celtics won his “800th game as an NBA coach” today. (As reported by Bob Wechsler)

1965: “Kelly” a musical with songs by Mark Charlap “began previews at the Broadhurst Theatre today.

1966: In “The Trefa Banquet” published today John J. Appel described the 19thcentury Cincinnati affair where shellfish were part of the menu.
https://www.commentarymagazine.com/articles/the-trefa-banquet/

1968: In Hollywood, CA, Mitzi Shore (née Saidel), who founded The Comedy Store, and Sammy Shore, a comedian gave birth to Paul Montgomery Shore who gained fame as comedic actor Pauly Shore best known for his role in “Encino Man.”

1969:  Birthdate of jazz saxophonist Joshua Redman son of a legendary jazz musician and Jewish dancer from Russia.

1969: Birthdate of publisher Andrew Breitbart, the adopted “of son of Gerald and Arlene Breitbart, a restaurant owner and banker respectively” whose Jewish upbringing included a Bar Mitzvah and a life-long identity with the Jewish people.
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/15/business/media/the-life-and-death-of-andrew-breitbart.html

1967: In New York, as part of their confrontation with the unionized bagel bakers, owners shut the doors to their bakeries claiming “that they did not have enough work.”

1970(25thof Shevat, 5730): Dorothy Horowitz Germber, the wife of the late Newcomb Gerber passed away today in Clifton, NJ.

1970: Oil was pumped for the first time in the newly completed 42 inch Eilat-Ashkelon pipeline

1970: The New York Times includes a review of Mr. Sammler’s Planet by Saul Bellow.

1974: For the third time “University College, Oxford, elected Professor Venyamin Levich, the eminent Soviet Jewish scientist, as a visiting fellow

1976: "Rich Man, Poor Man" mini-series based on the work of Irwin Shaw, premieres on ABC TV.

1977(13thof Shevat, 5737): Seventy-four year old Warsaw native Samuel Arthur “Sammy” Weiss the first Jew to be named captain of the Duquesne University football team who went on “to represent Pennsylvania's 30th, 31st, and 33rd Districts in the United States House of Representatives” before serving as a Common Pleas Court Judge passed away today after which he was buried at B’nai Israel Cemetery in Pittsburgh.
http://history.house.gov/People/Detail/23526

1978: Director Roman Polanski skipped bail and fled to France after pleading guilty to charges of engaging in sex with a 13-year-old girl.  The father of the Polish born director was Jewish.  His mother died in a concentration camp.  Polanski avoided being trapped in the ghetto and spent the war wandering the woods of Poland.

1979: The first staging of “Fugue in a Nursery” by Harvey Fierstein opened at LaMama today.

1979: Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini returns to Iran after 15 years in exile.  This marked a major turning point in the Islamic world as religious fundamentalists began coming to power.  There are those who would say that there is a direct line between the success of Khomeini and the victory of Hamas in the Palestinian elections in 2006. After 28 years, Iran boasts a leader who denies the Holocaust happened and calls for the destruction of the state of Israel.

1980: “Fatso” a comedy featuring Estelle Reiner as “Mrs. Goodman” was released in the United States today.

1980: The last public interview given by Sir Cecil Beaton, who had been fired by Conde Nast in the 1930’s for slipping an anti-Semitic message into one of his drawings, was broadcast by the BBC today.

1984: Daniel Stern became NBA commissioner. Jews seem to gravitate to the position since at one point the commissioners of most major sports were Jewish: Commissioner of Major League Baseball: Bud Selig, Commissioner of the National Basketball Association: David Stern and Commissioner of the National Hockey League: Gary Bettman. According to one Urban Legend, there was a move to get Commissioner of the National Football League: Paul Tagliabue to convert to Judaism so that it would be four for four! 

1985: Morton I. Abramowitz began serving as President Reagan’s Director of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research.

1985: In Leadville, CO, The Harvey/Martin Construction Company convey the Temple Israel property to William H. Copper whose family trust would convey it to the Temple Israel Foundation

1988: Two Palestinians were shot dead today near Anabta in a confrontation on the Nablus road north of Jerusalem that involved demonstrators and settlers. Military authorities said settlers were trapped at roadblocks by stone throwers and drew their guns and opened fire. Soldiers also shot at the demonstrators. Another account said a convoy of 75 settlers returned when the trouble subsided and vandalized a score of Arab cars.

1989(26thof Shevat,5749): Eighty-nine year old Marie Syrkin, an author, editor and teacher who was active in the Zionist cause for many decades, died of cancer today at St. John's Hospital in Santa Monica, Calif. (As reported by Glenn Fowler)
http://www.nytimes.com/1989/02/03/obituaries/marie-syrkin-89-author-and-teacher-promoted-zionism.html?pagewanted=print&src=pm

1991(17thof Shevat, 5751): Eighty-two year old Herzl Rosenblum who served as editor of Yedioth Ahronoth for 35 years and who signed Israel’s declaration of independence as Herzl Vardi passed away today.

1991: “Vandals attacked the Lomita, CA home of Dr. Shlomo Elspas, the executive governor of Chabad South Bay today “spray-painting a swastika and the slogan ‘white power’ on it.”

1992(27thof Shevat, 5752):U.S. District Court Judge Irving R Kaufman, who presided at the Rosenberg Spy Case, passed away at the age of 81.

1993: Gary Bettman becomes the NHL's first commissioner.

1996: “A Fair County” written by Jon Robin Baitz “premiered Off-Broadway at Lincoln Center Mitzi E. Newhouse Theater” today.

1998: “A Daughter Seeks Her Olympian Father” published today described the tortured relationship between clinical psychologist Julie Jaffe Nagel and her father Irving Jaffee, the Gold Medal Olympian speed-skating champion.
http://www.nytimes.com/1998/02/01/sports/sports-of-the-times-a-daughter-seeks-her-olympian-father.html

1998: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including On the Possibility of Jewish Mysticism in Our Time by Gershom Scholem and Selected Poems by Harvey Shapiro

1999(15thof Shevat, 5759): Last celebration of Tu B’Shevat in the 20thcentury.

1999(15thof Shevat, 5759): Eight-four year old Benjamin Elazari Volcani the native of Ben-Shamen, who discovered life in the Dead Sea and pioneered biological silicon research at Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego” passed away today.
http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=hb1r29n709&doc.view=frames&chunk.id=div00076&toc.depth=1&toc.id=

2002(19thof Shevat, 5762): Daniel Pearl, a journalist for the Wall Street Journal was beheaded today.
http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,212284,00.html

2003(25th of Tevet, 5771): The Space Shuttle Columbia burned up on re-entry into the earth’s atmosphere killing the crew of six including Israel’s first man in space, Ilan Ramon. Ilan Ramon was born in 1954.  He was a combat pilot in the Israeli Air Force. He was a graduate of Tel Aviv University and held the rank of Colonel at the time of his death. Ramon was a veteran of the Yom Kippur War, one of the first Israeli pilots to fly the then new F-16 jet and was part of the group that destroyed the Iraqi nueclar reactor before it could go on line.

2004: Jonathan Andrew Kaye won the FBR Open

2004: The New England Patriots, owned by Robert Kraft, the Jewish philanthropist defeated the Carolina Panthers in Super Bowl XXXVIII

2004: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Liberated Bride by A.B. Yehoshua; translated by Hillel Halkin and The Price of Loyalty: George W. Bush, the White House, and the Education of Paul O'Neill by Ron Suskind.

2005: At Madison Square Garden this evening, “a handful of the 25,000 people there taking part in the 11th Siyum HaShas Daf Yomi celebration recalled some of the more unusual settings in which they have demonstrated their commitment to the daily study of Talmud, which was completed — and renewed for a new seven-and-a-half-year cycle — this week. Daf Yomi, or daily page, was introduced in 1923 at the First International Congress of Agudath Israel in Vienna by a young Polish rabbi, Meir Shapiro, as a way to bring uniformity to the worldwide study of Shas, an acronym for the names of the six orders of the Mishna, on which the Talmudic sages recorded their commentaries around 200 C.E. Agudah said 120,000 North American Jews were taking part in the celebration this year.”

2006:  Despite violent protests, Israel successfully completed the evacuation of the West Bank outpost of Amona.  This is in line with the policy of the Sharon government provide security for the state of Israel and ensuring that Israel remains both a democratic nation and a Jewish homeland.  The withdrawal policy has the support of the majority of Israelis.

2007: The Sarah Silverman Program premiered on Comedy Central

2007: The first exhibition of female architects in the history of Israeli architecture entitled "The feminine presence in Israeli architecture," opened at the gallery of the Union of Architects in Jaffa. Twenty-two female architects participated and displayed works they have planned in the past few years and which have since been built.

2007: As part of a kosher cooking contest, New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg issued a proclamation naming this date as Simply Manischewitz Cook-off Day.  Candace McMenamin, a non-Jew from Lexington, S.C. won with her sweet potato encrusted chicken.  Only in America

2008(25thof Shevat, 5768): Eighty-eight year old Holocaust survivor Rubin Partel, the father-in-law of New York born neurologist Leonard S. Schleifer, “the founder and chief executive of the biotechnology company Regeneron.,

2008: In New Jersey, Barnet Hospital which had been founded in 1908 by Nathan Barnet announced that it would closing due to a lack of funding

2008:Six gunmen opened fire on the Israeli Embassy inMauritania early this morning, trading fire with guards before fleeing screaming "Allah Akbar," witnesses said. The six men arrived by car and regrouped in front of a discotheque that is just beside the embassy, said Hamza Ould Bilal, a taxi driver who was parked outside the club, called the VIP. He saw them pull out their automatic weapons and scream "God is Great!" in Arabic, before assailing the embassy, he said.

2008: “Praying With Lior,” a new documentary about a Philadelphia boy with Down syndrome preparing for his bar mitzvah opens at the Cinema Village in New York.

2009:  At Yale University, CAMERA, Committee for Accuracy in Middle East Reporting in America presents “Palestinian Issues in Israeli Journalism: A conversation with Khalid Abu Toameh, a journalist who writes for the Jerusalem Post

2009: The New York Times and the Washington Post each featured a review of Innocent Abroad: An Intimate Account of American Peace Diplomacy in the Middle Eastby Martin Indyk, the assistant secretary of state for near east affairs during the Clinton Administration and the first Jewish American to serve as U.S. Ambassador to Israel.

2010: The Center for Jewish History and the Auschwitz Institute for Peace and Reconciliation is scheduled to present “Diplomacy and Genocide: Challenges for the Future” during which a distinguished panel of policy makers, diplomats, and scholars discuss the issues and opportunities in diplomatic approaches to the prevention of genocide in the contemporary international community.

2010: Yehuda Weinstein replaced Menachem Mazuz as Attorney General of Israel.

2010: Two barrels of explosives were discovered on Israeli beaches today, which were dispatched into the sea as part of a large-scale Palestinian terror attack against Israeli navy ships.

2010: Seven American and European scientists were named winners of Israel's prestigious $100,000 Wolf Prize today. The Wolf Foundation said its prize in medicine went to Axel Ullrich of Germany for groundbreaking cancer research that has led to development of new drugs. Sir David Baulcombe of Cambridge University was awarded Wolf Prize for agriculture research in defending plants against viruses. The physics prize was shared by US professor John F. Clauser, Alain Aspect of France and Anton Zeilinger of Austria for their work in quantum physics. The mathematics prize was shared by two US-based professors: Shing-Tung Yau for geometric analysis, and Dennis Sullivan for contributions to algebraic topology and conformal dynamics. The Wolf Foundation was founded by the late German-born Dr. Ricardo Wolf, an inventor, philanthropist and former Cuban ambassador to Israel. The private nonprofit foundation's council is chaired by Education Minister Gideon Sa'ar.

2010(17thof Shevat): Ninety-two year old Selma G. Hirsh, a humanitarian and an author who was associated with the American Jewish Committee for many years, passed away today  at her home in Stamford, Conn. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/25/nyregion/25hirsh.html?pagewanted=print

2011: Virginia Jewish Advocacy Day is scheduled to take placed in Richmond, VA.

2011: The Leo Baeck Institute and American Council on Germany are scheduled to present a lecture by Joschka Fischer and Norbert Frei entitled "The German Foreign Office and the Nazi Past"

2011: At Tulane University, Dean Carole Haber announced that Prof. Ronna Burger, Chair of the Department of Philosophy, has been appointed at the Catherine and Henry J. Gaisman Chair in Judeo-Christian Studies. This chair was endowed through of generous gift of Catherine and Henry J. Gaisman..

2011: Six Senate Democrats rejected a deficit-driven proposal by a new Republican senator to cut United States aid to Israel. In a letter sent today to the top House Republicans on the Appropriations and Budget committees, the Democrats said aid to Israel, the only democratic nation in the Middle East, is imperative. They backed the $3 billion in foreign military assistance that the U.S. provides annually to Israel. Republican Sen. Rand Paul said last week that the nation faces a fiscal crisis and argued that the U.S. cannot give money away, even to allies, as the debt grows.

2011: Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Defense Minister Ehud Barak informed Maj. Gen. Yoav Galant today that they have cancelled his upcoming appointment to the post of Israel Defense Forces chief. The announcement comes after months of scandal surrounding his appointment due to allegations that he had seized public lands near his home in Moshav Amikam in northern Israel. Galant was designated to succeed current IDF Chief of Staff Gabi Ashkenazi this month.

2011: A Tunisian Jewish leader said today that the burning of a building that served as a synagogue in the South of the country was not an attack on the local Jewish community. Roger Bismuth, the president of the Jewish community in Tunisia, told The Jerusalem Post that the fire that broke out at a makeshift Jewish place of worship in the town of Ghabes was probably not an act of anti-Semitism, but one of vandalism

2011(27thof Shevat, 5771): Seventeen year old Mitchell Perlmeter, the son of rabbi Rex Perlmeter and Rabbi Rachel Hertzman, passed away today in his home at Montclair, NJ.

2012: “Mamele” is scheduled to be shown at Congregation Etz Chaim in Toledo, Ohio.

2012: “Yoo-Hoo, Mrs. Goldberg” is scheduled to be shown at temple Jeremiah in Northfield, Illinois.

2012: Liel Leibovitz is scheduled to moderate a presentation by New York Times columnist David Brooks at the 92nd Street Y.

2012: UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon told President Shimon Peres today he was worried about the possible military aspects of Iran's nuclear program, laid out in a recent IAEA report, and called on Iran to prove that the program is peaceful. "

2012: Israelis are in danger of waking up one morning to a different Israel, Opposition Leader Tzipi Livni said at the Herzliya Conference today. Livni asserted that Israelis today are not debating the true issue - that the state's relgious minority will impose its will on the Zionist majority.

2012(8thof Shevat, 5772): Eighty-six year old Robert B. Cohen, the president of the Hudson County News Company passed away today.  (As reported by Denis Hevesi)

2013: Students and members of the Jewish community are scheduled to present poems by Jewish poets including works by Yehuda Acmichai following a Friday night Shabbat dinner at the Hillel at the University of Iowa.

2013: Tenth anniversary of the Columbia Shuttle disaster which claimed the lives of all on board including Israeli Astronaut Ilan Ramon.  The event is the subject of a special documentary entitled "Space Shuttle Columbia: Mission of Hope" which is scheduled to be aired today on Iowa Public Television.

2013: “Not By Bread Alone” is scheduled to be performed at the Skirball Center for the Performing Arts.

2013: On the secular calendar, 11th anniversary of the beheading of Daniel Pearl.

2013(22ndof Shevat, 2013): Eighty-eight year old Edward Koch, three-time mayor of New York passed away today on the same day that a documentary of his life opened in New York City theatres.(As reported by Robert D. McFadden)
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/02/nyregion/edward-i-koch-ex-mayor-of-new-york-dies.html?hpw&pagewanted=print
http://www.timesofisrael.com/ed-koch-remembered-by-israeli-envoy-as-one-of-us/

2013: “The Gatekeepers” opened in U.S. movie theatres

2014: In Rockville, MD, Tikvat Israel is scheduled to show “Lost Islands” as part of its Israeli Film Festival.

2014: In Olney, MD, Shaare Tefila, is scheduled to host its Third Annual Comedy night of “Sweet Laughter.”

2014(1stof Adar 1, 5774): Rosh Chodesh Adar I

2014(1stof Adar 1, 5774): Eighty year old Gordon Zacks, the Ohio businessman who was active in the Republican Party and “served as an adviser to President George H.W. Bush (Bush I) passed away today.
http://www.timesofisrael.com/republican-jewish-coalition-founder-gordon-zacks-dies/

2014: An Egyptian jihadist group said today that it fired a rocket at the Red Sea resort of Eilat which was intercepted by Israeli air defenses, its second in a fortnight

2014: Finance Minister Yair Lapid ordered a halt on all money transfers to the settlements pending the clarification regarding their specific use, a statement on his behalf said this evening.

2014: “Three Molotov cocktails were thrown this evening towards a private home in Jerusalem's French Hill neighborhood. No injuries were reported and light damage was caused to furniture in the house.”

2014: At the Writers Guild of America Awards ceremony, Mel Brooks presented Pau Mazursky with the Screen Laurel Award, which is the lifetime achievement award of the WGA.

2015: The New York Times features reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Girl From Human Street: Ghosts of Memory in a Jewish Family by Roger Cohen and the recently published paperback edition of A Replacement of Life, Boris Fishman’s first novel about the forgery of Holocaust restitution claims.

2015: In London, the Jewish Museum is scheduled to host an exhibition “From Generation to Generation” featuring the word of Gideon Summerfield.

2015: The New England Patriots, owned by Robert Kraft, the Jewish philanthropist defeated the Seattle Seahawks in Super Bowl XLIX.

2015: Gary Bettman is scheduled to “mark his 22nd year as National Hockey League Commissioner” today.

2015(12thof Shevat, 5775): Eighty-nine year old M.I.T. professor Irving Singer passed away today. (As reported by Sam Roberts)
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/16/us/irving-singer-mit-professor-who-wrote-the-nature-of-love-dies-at-89.html?rref=obituaries&module=Ribbon&version=origin&region=Header&action=click&contentCollection=Obituaries&pgtype=article&_r=0

2015: “Renewal,” film that “profiles a group of dancers—the Vertigo Dance Company—in their pioneering eco-arts village on the outskirts of Jerusalem” is scheduled to be shown at Lincoln Center in New York.

2015: In New Orleans, funeral services are scheduled to held at the Old Beth Israel Cemetery on Frenchmen Street for Irvin Samuel Smith “who was a member of the CCJN’s close-knit family.”
http://www.crescentcityjewishnews.com/irvin-smith-retired-record-store-owner-promoter-dies-at-92/

2016: Some of the 6,000 Jews in Iowa are scheduled to join their fellow Hawkeyes in the first-in-the nation caucuses where the candidates include Bernie Sanders, the son of Jewish immigrants from Poland, Hillary Clinton whose son-in-law is Jewish and Donald Trump whose daughter Ivanka is Jewish.

2016: The award winning exhibition, “Voices of the Vigil” is scheduled to move from Rockville, MD. to Rodef Shalom in Falls Church, VA.
http://www.jhsgw.org/exhibitions/online/voices/?utm_source=Voices+of+the+Vigil+programs&utm_campaign=VoV+Jan+31+programs&utm_medium=email

2016(22ndof Shevat): On the Jewish calendar “yahrzeit of Rebbetzin Chaya Mushka Schneerson, wife of the Rebbe.”

2017: Physicist Persis S. Drell, the daughter of Sidney Drell, who has been serving as Dean of the Stanford University School of Engineering since 2014 is scheduled to begin serving the Provost of Stanford University today.

2017: Today the Senate Finance Committee approved Steven Mnuchin’s nomination to serve as Treasury Secretary by a vote of 11-0 with all Democrats boycotting the vote, sending the nomination to the Senate floor

2017: David Shulkin testified before the Senate Committee on Veterans Affairs during hearings on his nomination to serve as U.S. Secretary of Veterans Affairs.

2017 (5thof Shevat, 5777): On the Jewish calendar Yahrtzeit of Rabbi Yehuda Leib Alter, “the leader of the Ger Chassidic dynasty, author of Sfas Emes.

2017: In Memphis, TN, Temple Israel Cantorial Soloist Abbie Strauss is scheduled to lead “Musically Speaking” with sessions for both youngsters and adults.

2017: In New York, the Batsheva Dance Company is scheduled to perform Israeli choreographer Ohad Naharin’s “Last Work.”

2017: The Yeshiva Museum is scheduled to host a special tour focused on the work of Hugh Mesibov.
http://www.mesibov.net/hugh/

2018: On a day when it is offering students a meal of “sweet chili beef and chicken noodles”,The Oxford University Society is scheduled to host a Gemara Shiur.

2018: Comedian Judy Gold is scheduled to perform at the West Hollywood Library.

2018: The Quad Cinema is scheduled to host the final screening of Amos Gitai’s “West of the Jordan River.”

2018: In London, JW3 is scheduled to host the final screening of “An Act of Defiance.”

2018: In Des Moines, IA, the grand opening of the Hillel House at Drake University is scheduled to take place today.

This Day, February 2, In Jewish History by Mitchell A. Levin

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February 2

506: Alaric II, eighth king of the Visigoths promulgated The Breviary of Alaric (Breviarium Alaricianum or Lex Romana Visigothorum) a collection of Roman law that included the sixteen books of the Codex Theodosianus complete with all of its anti-Semitic laws.

450: Birthdate of Justin I during whose reign as Byzantine Emperor the Beth Alpha synagogue was built “at the foot of the northern slopes of the Mt. Gilboa near Beit She’an.

962: Pope John XII crowns Otto I, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. Gershom ben Judah, who will gain fame as Rabbeinu Gershom Me'Or Hagolah ("Our teacher Gershom the light of the exile") had been born two years earlier in Metz.  Mainz, the city he would move to as an adult, was already the center of Talmudic learning in this part of the Holy Roman Empire with Yehuda ben Meir serving as its leading scholar at this time.

1208: Birthdate of James I of Aragon.King James I of Aragon was the monarch who forced Nachmanides, Rabbi Moses ben Nachman, to participate in a public debate, with the Jewish convert to Christianity, Pablo Christiani.  Unlike what usually happened, Nachmanides chose to respond aggressively. His brilliant defense of Judaism and refutations of Christianity's claims served as the basis of many such future disputations through the generations. Because his victory was an insult to the king's religion, Nachmanides was forced to flee Spain. There were those who wanted the sage killed, but James let him escape; a silent acknowledgement of the strength of the Rabbi’s arguments.

1484: The first printed edition of tractate Bezah of the Babylonian Talmud was published in Soncino Italy

1536: Spaniard Pedro de Mendoza founds Buenos Aires, Argentina.  As in so much of the rest of Latin America, the first Jews to settle in Argentina were conversos.  When Argentina gained its independence in 1810, the Inquisition was abolished and this marked the beginning of the development of the modern Argentinean Jewish Community.  The first Jewish wedding in Buenos Aires took place in 1860.  Today Buenos Aires has a Jewish population of about 200,000 souls.  The city supports a variety of Jewish institutions including a campus of the Convservative JTS and one of the last remaining daily Yiddish newspapers.  Unfortunately, Buenos Aires was also the site of one of the worst terrorist attacks outside of Eretz Israel.

1499: The expulsion of the Jews from Nuremberg was scheduled to take place but was postponed until Lætare Sunday, 1499.

1592: Consecration of Clement VIII, during whose Papacy Jews were forced to attend “conversionist sermons,” prohibited from “dealing in new articles of clothing” and forced to allow copies of the Talmud to be burned in 1601,

1644: Birthdate of Isaac Chayyim Cantarini, also known as Isaacus Viva, the native of Padua who was a physician by training but who ‘also taught in the Yeshiva, officiated as a cantor” and served as “judge” in cases requiring a deep knowledge of Halacha.

1648(17th of Shevat, 5408): Rabbi Chaim ben Benjamin Bechner of Cracow, author of Or Hadash passed away.

1653: Incorporation of the city of New Amsterdam under Dutch rule. The first Jews would arrive in

1649: Birthdate of Domincan month Vincenzo Marco Orsini who as Benedict XIII issued bull describing the “necessary conditions for imposing baptism on a Jew”  and forbidding Jews to sell “new goods.”

1654.  In other words, there really is a valid reason for thinking New York and New York Jew in the same breath.  (New Amsterdam became New York when the English took the colony and named the city in honor of the Duke of York.) 

1697: In Great Britain, a site is acquired for the first Ashkenazi cemetery

1709: In London, Elias Lindo and Rachel Lopes Ferreira were married at Bevis Marks Synagogue – a moment which was celebrated by the creation of a silver Chanukah menorah by John Ruslen known as the Lindo Lamp, the “earliest known English menorah.”
http://artdaily.com/index.asp?int_sec=2&int_new=32217#.Uuxc62eA2po
http://www.jewishpress.com/news/kate-gave-birth-in-a-jewish-funded-hospital-wing/2013/07/23/

1718(1st of Adar, 5478): Rabbi Gabriel ben Judah Loew Eskeles of Nikolsburg, Moravia passed away. He was the great-grandson of Rabbi Sinai Liva, the brother of the Maharal of Prague and the patriarch of the Eskeles “clan.”

1729: Despite the opposition of the Berlin Jewish community, Frederick William I repeated the order that Moses ben Aaron be appointed to serve as the city’s rabbi.

1740: In Zülz, Silesia, Seligmann Pappenheim, the town’s associate rabbi and his wife gave birth to Solomon Pappenheim whose works include a “book on Hebrew synonyms.”

1763:Löb Wertheimer (son of Samson Wertheimer and Frumet Brülle) and husband of Sarchen Halberstadt passed away today.

1769: Seventy-five year old Pope Clement XIII who in 1759 took a stance against the blood libel when he “proclaimed that the Holy See had examined the grounds on which rested the belief in the use of human blood for the feast of Passover and the murder of Christians by Jews, and that the Jews must not be condemned as criminals in respect of this charge, but that in the case of such occurrences legal forms of proof must be used” passed away today.

1790: The United States Supreme Court meets for the first time.  It would be one hundred and twenty six years before a Jewish jurist would be named to the High Court. 

1797: In the United Kingdom, George Isaacs and Kitty Levin experienced the tragedy of having a stillborn child.

1814: Gershom Mendes Seixas of the Spanish and Portuguese Synagogue of New York gave a sermon saying that because the United States has declared war, it is the duty of Jewish Americans to "act as true and faithful citizens, to support and preserve the honor, the dignity, and the independence of the United States of America!" Gershom asked the people to pray to God for protection and a strengthening of faith and to get rid of the evil that is around them.  He discusses the horrible conditions that many people have been faced with and the numerous deaths that have occurred.

1816: Birthdate of Jacob Herz (Heart) the native of Bayreuth who was a successful physician in Erlangen but found his career stymied because he would not convert.

1820: Walter Jacob Levi married Rebecca Hart today in the Great Synagogue.

1825(14thof Shevat, 5585): Seventy-four year old Isac Hartvig Rée the husband of Sara Wulff Wulff von Essen and the father of Thamar Ree passed away in Altona, Germany.

1827: Birthdate of Jewish scholar Solomon Buber the Lemberg native who was the son of Isaiah Abraham Buber and the grandfather of Martin Buber.

1831: Gregory XVI began his papacy today during which he granted an audience to Raphael Meir ben Judah Panigel who “was the Sephardi chief rabbi of Jerusalem” until his death in 1893.

1835: In Gnesen, Posen, Joseph Chayyim Caro and his wife gave birth to historian Jacob Caro.

1837(27thof Shevat, 5597): Hungarian rabbi Moses ben Menahem Kunizter, a descendant of Rabbi Lowe, passed away today.

1840: “A report was spread” in Damascus that Father Thomas and his servant “were last seen in the Jewish quarter of the city” which “was sufficient to excite the wrath of” those “who had long nourished a bitter animosity against the Jews” and resulted in the arrest of Jewish barber.  After having received “500 blows” and the promise of a pardon “if he would disclose the names of his co-religionists who had” murdered the pair, the barber “denounced seven persons who had required human blood for the Passover festival.”  (Modern versions date these events as having begun on February 5. This is based on an account published in 1883

1848: The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is signed ending the Mexican-American War.  There are limited records of colorful Jewish characters who showed up at different places where the war was fought (Remember, it covered a swath of territory including California, New Mexico, Arizona and the Republic of Mexico).  They include: Jacob Frankfort a tailor living at Taos, New Mexico; Nathan Appel, a trooper with Phil Kearny’s Dragoons, Solomon and Thomas Farnham who were with the American Army at the Battle of Chapultepec (and later made their fortune in California) and Jacob Frankfort, a tailor living in Los Angeles who went to work for the U.S. Army when the troops arrived.

1852: “Shocking Murder Near Philadelphia” published today described the discovery of the mutilated body of Jacob Lehman, a German Jew, who had been robbed before he was killed and dumped into the Delaware River.

1852: Forty-nine year old Francis Mary Paul Libermann (born Jacob Libermann) “a 19th-century Jewish convert to Catholicism who was a member of the Spiritan order and who is best known for founding the Congregation of the Immaculate Heart of Mary which later merged with the Congregation of the Holy Ghost” passed away today in Paris.

1854:  A second dinner was held in Philadelphia designed to raise funds for Jewish charities.

1855: In Eisenstadt, Austria, Rabbi Dr. Azriel Hildesheimer and Henriette Jettchen Hildesheimer gave birth to Rabbi Hirsch Hildesheimer the husband of Rosa Therese Hieldesheimer

1858: In Pest, Hungary Wilhelm Diamant married Johanna Theres Diamant.

1860: "Oliver Twist," a dramatization of Dickens' novel by the same name, was performed at the Winter Garden in New York City.  J.W. Wallack played the part of Fagin the Jew

1861: Birthdate of Solomon R Guggenheim.  A second generation member of the Guggenheim family that made its fortune mining and metallurgy, Guggenheim is best remembered for endowing the Guggenheim Foundation which funds and runs the Guggenheim Museum. Guggenheim’s brother Benjamin died on the Titanic and it was his daughter Peggy who joined her uncle as a patron of the arts.

1862: Birthdate of Rabbi Joshua A. Joffe, The Jewish Theological Seminary's second Talmud instructor. He joined the Seminary as Preceptor of Mishna and Gemara in 1893, and retired in 1917. As one of only two full time paid instructors at the Seminary when he arrived (the other was Bible instructor Bernard Drachman) Joffe taught all of the Seminary's early graduates. He was also in charge of the library, and he took part in the students' Literary Society, lecturing in Hebrew to the group that met every other Saturday evening. In addition to his work at the Seminary, Joffe taught students in his home (one of these private students was Stephen Wise), and from 1893 to around 1908 he taught Hebrew and Jewish ethics at the Hebrew Orphan Asylum on Amsterdam Avenue between West 136th and 138th Streets. Joffe was born in Nesvizh, Minsk, Russia on February 2, 1862. He studied at the Volozhin Yeshiva, and received smicha (Orthodox rabbinic ordination) from Rabbi Isaac J. Reines in 1881. He then went to Berlin and attended the liberal Hochschule fuer die Wissenschaft des Judentumsfrom which he received a second rabbinic ordination in 1888. Joffe's education also included a period, 1886-1890, at the University of Berlin where he studied philosophy, history, and Semitics. He served as rabbi to congregations in Vishnove, Russia, in 1880, and Moabit, a suburb of Berlin, 1889-1892. In 1892 Joffe left Germany and came to the United States. After twenty-four years at the Seminary, Joshua Joffe retired in 1917 after a period of ill health. He then returned to Europe with his wife and daughter and died in Freiburg, Germany on December 23, 1935. His family returned to the United States after his death.

1866(17thof Shevat, 5626): Fifty-six year old Rosanna Osterman, the wife of “silversmith and merchant Joseph Osterman” who moved to Galveston in 1838, died today “in the explosion of the steamship W. R. Carter on the Mississippi River near Vicksburg, and was buried in the Portuguese Cemetery in New Orleans” after which she “left an estate valued at over $204,000, much of which she bequeathed to charitable organizations.

1869: The will of the late James Disraeli “was proved” today by Benjamin Israeli.

1871: Baron Jozsef Eotvos, Hungarian statesman and who supported the emancipation of the Jews passed away today while serving as Minister of Religion and Education of Hungary.

1871: Gustavus Cardozo, Chief of the Ordinance Bureau in New York City has issued orders to all householders to immediately clear the snow and ice from the sidewalks in front of their houses and from their rooftops.

1873: In Olmütz, bandmaster and composer Mortiz Fall and his wife gave birth to Leo Fall who gained fame for composing a series of operettas.

1873: It was reported today that a benefit performance has raised $5,200 for the Home for Aged and Infirmed Hebrews.

1874(15thof Shevat, 5634): Tu B’Shevat

1874: In Philadelphia, PA, Herman Reizenstein and Louise Woernitz gave birth to Milton Reizenstein the recipient of Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins and husband of Rose Hollander who served as the Assistant Superintendent of the Educational Alliance and whose writings included the Economic History of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.

1875: Birthdate of violinist and composer Fritz Kreisler.  There are several different views as to whether or not Kreisler was Jewish.  As the following note shows, even his family did not agree on the answer to the question. “Amy Biancolli's recent biography Fritz Kreisler: Love's Sorrow, Love's Joy  (Amadeus Press, Portland Oregon, 1998) contains an extensive discussion  of Kreisler's Jewish background, which he never acknowledged and which his wife adamantly denied (see Chapter 8: "Kreisler the Catholic, Kreisler the Jew").    Biancolli cites a 1992 interview by David Sackson of Franz Rupp, Fritz Kreisler's piano accompanist in the 1930s.  Rupp states that he once asked Kreisler's brother, the cellist Hugo Kreisler, about their Jewish background, to which Hugo responded simply, "I'm a Jew, but my brother, I don't know."  According to Biancolli, Kreisler's father, Salomon Severin Kreisler (also called Samuel Severin Kreisler), a physician and amateur violinist from Krakow, was almost certainly Jewish.  Fritz's mother, Anna, was a Roman Catholic, and probably an "Aryan."  According to Louis Lochner's 1950 biography Fritz Kreisler, Kreisler was reared as a Roman Catholic.  However, according to unpublished parts of the manuscript uncovered by Biancolli in the Library of Congress, he was baptized only at the age of twelve.  The bottom line seems to be that Kreisler was at least half-Jewish and his reticence on the subject primarily an attempt to placate his highly anti-Semitic wife Harriet.  ("Fritz hasn't a drop of Jewish blood in his veins!" she is said to have vehemently responded to an inquiry from Leopold Godowsky.  Godowsky retorted: "He must be very anemic.")”

1876: The National League of Professional Baseball Clubs of Major League Baseball which we know simply as the National League, the first and oldest of baseball’s two Major Leagues is formed. Lip Pike may have been the first Jewish major leaguer.  He had begun playing before the creation of the National League.  Reportedly, his first stint was with the Philadelphia Athletics. In 1876 he played with the National League team in St. Louis, thus making him the first Jewish baseball player to play in baseball’s senior circuit.

1878:  It was reported today that the Jewish Messenger has taken issue with those who feel they must respond every time somebody expresses negativity regarding Hebrews as individuals are as a group.  Those making these statements are “petty assailants” from whom the Hebrews need no defense.

1879: Birthdate of Johana Handgriffova who was transported from Prague in October, 1942 to Ujazdow where he was murdered.

1879: In Prague, Dr. Otto Pribram and Fanny Pribram gave birth Ernst August Pribram the Austrian Army Veteran, the serologist and bacteriologist who settled in Chicago where he also taught at Loyola.

1882: Birthdate of Irish author James Joyce. Joyce was not Jewish, but Bloom the protagonist in his most famous novel, Ulysses was Jewish.

1883(25thof Shevat, 5643): Seventy-two year old Rabbi Yisroel Salanter passed away. He was the father of the Mussar movement in Orthodox Judaism and a famed Rosh yeshiva and Talmudist. The epithet Salanter was added to his name due to the influence on his thinking by Rabbi Yosef Zundel of Salant.
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/salanter.html
http://www.myjewishlearning.com/history/Modern_History/1700-1914/traditional-jewish-life/Musar_Movement/Salanter.shtml

1883: Birthdate of S. Z. Sakall.  Born Eugene Gero Szakall in Budapest Hungary, he used the first two initials of his last name to create his professional persona.  The chubby cheeked actor was also known as “Cuddles.”  One of his most famous roles was as the round faced waiter in Casablanca who tells Rick that he could “kiss him” after he lets a desperate young couple win enough at the casino to avoid the clutches of the lecherous Claude Raines.
http://www.moviefanfare.com/s-z-sakall/

1888: Birthdate of London born classical pianist Irene Scharrer.
http://www.naxos.com/person/Irene_Scharrer/13517.htm

1890: At Neuilly, France, verbal attacks were made against the Jews in general and the House of Rothschild in particular which was denounced for its “German origins” and its alleged role in the collapse of the l'Union Générale. 

 1890: “Religious Census” published today described the denominational makeup of Hartford, CN, a city of 48, 179 which includes 1,158 Jews.

1890: “Gods Who Are Kinsmen” published today provided a detailed review of Lectures on the Religion of the Semites by Cambridge professor W. Robertson Smith

1891(24thof Shevat, 5651): Philadelphian Ellen M. Phillips who was a benefactress of various Jewish charities including the Jewish Theological Seminary, passed away today.

1891: “Art Notes” published today described exhibition at the Hotel Cluny in Paris of “a collection of objects” used by Jewish during the 13th, 14thand 15th centuries.  The collection had been donated to the Cluny Museum by Baroness Nathaniel de Rothschild and was made up of items that had originally belong to Isaac Strauss, who served as conductor during the reign of Napoleon III (more for 2014)

1893: “The Century for February” published today described the articles in this month’s edition of the magazine including “A Voice From Russia” in which Pierre Botkine, the secretary to the Russian Legation in Washington, DC provides his government’s version of its treatment of the Jews.

1893: Birthdate of Cornelius Lanczos the Hungarian mathematician and physicist who served as an assistant to Albert Einstein and while working for the U.S. National Bureau of Standards developed “the Lanczos algorithm for finding eigenvalues of large symmetric matrices and the Lanczos approximation for the gamma function.”

1894(26thof Shevat, 5654): Seventy-eight year old Maro Mortara, the native of Viadana who graduated from the rabbinical college of Padua in 1836 before starting to serve as the Rabbi to Mantua in 1842 passed away today leaving behind his son Lodvocio Mortara who was the father of statistician Giorgio Mortara.

1895(8thof Shevat, 5655): Sixty-eight year old French painter Benjamin Eugène Fichel passed away today.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Fichel#/media/File:Eugene_fichel_painting_1.jpg

1896: The Young Ladies and Gentlemen’s Circle of the Auxiliary Society of the Hebrew Sheltering Guardian Orphan Asylum was formed today in New York City.

1897(30thof Shevat, 5657): Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1897(30thof Shevat, 5657): Author Abraham Kaplan passed away

1897: The Young People’s Association of the West Synagogue is scheduled to meet today at the home of Dr. H.P. Mendes. 

1898: During today’s court session where the libel suit that Joseph Reinach has brought against Henri Rochefort, the audience began shouting “Down with the Jews!”

1899(22ndof Shevat, 5659): Sixty-three year old Samuel David Klauber, the husband of Charlotte Klauber

1899: Based on information that first appeared in La Presse it was reported today that Captain Alfred Dreyfus was so angry when he learned that Captain Lebrun-Renault had claimed that he had confessed at the time of his trial that he refused to answer any more of the questions put to him by the Court Cassation unless he is returned to France.

1899:  Birthdate of Benny Rubin the Boston born actor, comic and writer whose career would span over 70 years and include work on the stage, film and television.

1899: Captain Albert W. Lilienthal completed his service with the 7th U.S. Volunteer Infantry, six months before he would re-enlist with the 40thU.S Volunteer Infantry.

1899: It was reported today that “the latest victim of the anti-Dreyfus party is the Grand Rabbi, Zadok Kahn, who is being denounced as ‘the ringleader of the infamous Jewish conspiracy against France…’”

1901: Birthdate of famed violinist, Yasha Heifetz.  Born in Russia, Heifetz was a child prodigy. He soloed for the first time at the age of four.  Considering the fact that he died in 1987, this means that Heifitz was a performer for eighty-two years.  He became "a violin virtuoso of worldwide acclaim."  He won several Grammies in the 1960s for his recordings of chamber music.  Heifetz is one of a long list of Jewish violin virtuosos including Yehudi Menuhin and Conductor Eugene Ormandy.  There are those who think of the violin as “the Jewish instrument.” Why, the comedian asked, do so many Jews play the violin?  Because, the violinist answered, it is a lot easier to carry than the bass fiddle when you are being chased out of a country.

1901: The 35thAnnual Convention of the Independent Order of the Free Sons of Israel is scheduled to open in New York today.

1902:  Birthdate of Israeli political leader and government official Eliyahu Sasson

1903(5thof Shevat, 5663): Morris Tuska who had served as Vice President of the United Hebrew Charities of the city of New York passed away

1905:  Birthdate of Alissa Rosenbaum who gained famed as author and philosopher Ayn Rand. Born in St. Petersburg, Rand was the daughter of a pharmacist – a professional and member of the middle class which was quite an accomplishment in the anti-Semitic world of Czarist Russia.  The family lost everything in the Bolshevik Revolution.  She managed to finish her education in the early days of Lenin’s Soviet Union and the immigrated to the United States.  It was during the immigration process that she took the first name of Ayn (rhymes with Pine) and the last name of Rand as in Remington Rand, name of her favorite typewriter.  After a checkered career, Ms. Rand published her two famous novels, The Fountainhead and Atlas Shrugged. These novels and the film made from one of them espoused her philosophy of “Objectivism.”  Rand “glorified the self-made man who aggressively demonstrated his superiority over the masses through his business acumen.”  Her personal life was at odds with her philosophy when you consider the fact that her husband was a financial failure and much of her financial base came from her unconventional relationship with Nathan Blumenthal.  The name “John Galt”, the hero of the Fountainhead became a code word among her followers in the 1950’s.  She was the philosopher to a movement that found its voice in the Goldwater wing of the Republican Party.  Alan Greenspan, the current Chairman of the Federal Reserve Board, is a great fan of her philosophy.  Although Rand died in 1982, her books continue to sell well and her philosophy which, according to some, glorifies selfishness as a virtue and condemns altruism as a vice enjoys periodic periods of revival and popularity.

1906: In Volkovysk,  Yerucham Warhaftig and Rivka Fainstein gave birth to Rabbi Zorach Warhaftig who made Aliyah in 1947 and served in Israel’s first nine Knessets.   Most important of all he worked with he worked with Chiune Sugihara, the Japanese Vice-Counsel in Kaunas to save the entire Mir Yeshiva.

1906: It was reported today that of the sixteen people executed in the Citadel at Warsaw in the last fortnight, 15 of them were Jews.

1906: Letters from Gomel appearing in St. Petersburg newspapers all agree that the “anti-Jewish outrages in that town were perpetrated with the open connivance of the authorities” with the Cossacks and dragoon leading the way with acts of arson and plunder.

1909: Adolf Stoecker, a prominent Lutheran theologian and court chaplain to Kaiser Wilhelm II who was a leading anti-Semite passed away today.

1909(11thof Shevat, 5669): Seventy year old Prague native Leopold Karpeles who was “awarded the Medal of Honor as a Sergeant in Company E, 57th Massachusetts Infantry” for rallying the troops under fire during the Wilderness Campaign in 1864 passed away today in Washington, D.C. after which he was buried in the cemetery of Washington Hebrew Congregation, the oldest Jewish congregation in the nation’s capital.

1909(11thof Shevat, 5669): Eighty-five year old Julius von Gomperzes the Austrian industrialist who was President of the Bron Trade and Commerce Chamber and a leader of the Brno Jewish community passed away today.

1910: Birthdate of Syracuse, NY, native Alexander "Mine Boy" Levinsky whose nine year career in the NFL included playing on two Stanley Cup championship teams.

1911: Birthdate of Hilde Metzger, the daughter of Louis and Clara Metzger, who moved to Amsterdam in 1933 when her parents “moved to Palestine escape the Nazis” and who became Hilde Metzter Prins when she married Benjamin L. Prins in New York in 1940.

1912: Chief Rabbi Franco of Jerusalem protests to the Turkish Minister of Justice and Public Worship over the removal of seats at the Western Wall in Jerusalem. The Governor ignores his protest.

1913: Rae D. Landy, the Cleveland trained nurse arrived in Palestine today after having been recruited by Henrietta Szold “to begin a visiting nurse program in Palestine.”

1913(25thof Shevat, 5673): Fifty-seven year old Judge Henry M. Steinert of New York City passed away today.

1913(25thof Shevat, 5673): Seventy-five year old Nathan Goodman passed away today in Newburgh, NY.

1913: At a time when some in the Reform Movement were trying to make Sunday the day for Shabbat services, Dr. Emil G. Hirsch delivered the sermon this morning at services at Sinai Temple on Chicago’s South Side.

1913: Rabbi Joseph Stoltz is scheduled to deliver a sermon “The Memory of the Righteous” at Chicago’s Isaiah Temple which will coincide “with the annual memorial services of the B’nai B’rith Lodges of Chicago.

1913: Dr. Stephen S. Wise delivered a sermon ln “What is Wrong with the Jew?” at the Free Synagogue today.

1913: The New Jersey Conference of Charities and Corrections of which Newark, NJ Rabbi Solomon Foster served as a member of the Executive Committee began meeting in Plainfield, NJ today.

1914: Less than a year after having the British Featherweight Championship, Ted “Kid: Lewis (born Gershon Mendeloff) won the European Featherweight Championship “at London’s Premierland” today.

 1915: Birthdate of Abba Eban.  Born Aubrey Solomon Eban (he would later Hebracize his name after the creation of the state of Israel), in South Africa, raised in England and educated at Cambridge, Eban was a major figure in the creation of the Jewish state.  At Cambridge he “read” Classics and Oriental language.  This educational background meant he knew Arabic and had an appreciation of Arab culture, knowledge that would be useful during World War II when he served as an intelligence officer with the British Army.  It was while serving with the British Army in Egypt that he met his future wife.  She came from a prominent Sephardic family.  There are those who contend Eban’s political fortunes would later suffer because of his marriage to a Sephardic Jew.  Eban served at the United Nations during the Partition Debate and worked to gain early American recognition for the Jewish state.  After the War for Independence Eban was both Ambassador to the U.N. and Israeli Ambassador to the United States.  In these dual roles, Eban played a critical role in gaining popular and diplomatic support for the embattled state of Israel.  This sophisticated, Cambridge educated intellectual speaking English in the same oratorical tones as Winston Churchill was a one-man public relations machine, the value of which we can hardly comprehend today.  After his time in Washington, Eban returned to the rough and tumble world of Israeli politics.  He held a number of responsible positions, including Foreign Minister, but the top job of Prime Minister always eluded.  Eban produced several works on Jewish History and Civilization including Heritage which was the basis for PBS series narrated by Eban.  Yes, what you have read is biased.  I heard and saw Eban several times as youngster growing up in Washington.  In a post-Holocaust world, with the survival of Israel a daily question-mark, and genteel anti-Semitism still an accepted part of the American landscape, the voice and presence of Abba Eban was a source of pride and comfort to a whole generation of Jews.  Regardless of what his critics might say, in his case, the whole was greater than the sum of the parts.

1915: During WW I, Jamal Pasha, the military governor of Palestine, began battling the British under General Maxwell with the intent of taking the Suez Canal.

1915: It was reported today that “nearly all of the Jewish refugees in Alexandria come from Jerusalem and other large towns” including over 1,000 young men “who refused to become Ottomans” and have declared “their eagerness to join the British Army.

1915: It was reported today that the Provisional Executive Committee for General Zionist Affairs chaired by Louis D. Brandeis “will deposit $10,000 with the American Consul at Alexandria” for the aid of Jewish refugees.

1915: It was reported today that “the distress among the 5,000 Jews and 12,000 Christians left in Jerusalem is acute” and that “the American relief supplies” are “insufficient to maintain life.”

1916: The American Jewish Relief Committee announced that it had raised $2,050,082 thus surpassing the goal of raising two million dollars set for Jewish Relief Day.

1916: Albert Lucas, representing the American Jewish Relief Committee, called on Secretary of State Lansing and Secretary of the Navy Daniels and arranged that a naval collier “laden with medicine” would sail for a Mediterranean port next week where the cargo will then be delivered to those living in Palestine.

1916: “A report to the committed from Philadelphia” today” said that the local committee there had $330,000 pledged and that the committees of businessmen would keep at work until at least $500,000 had been pledged.”

1917: The State Department received a cable from Ambassador Elkus that a group of refugees from Jerusalem, Aleppo and various parts of Lebanon, all of whom are women and children, are on their way to Beirut with plans to board the USS Des Moines and Caesar while at the same he has discovered another 1,000 Americans in the region who “are anxious to return to the United States. (Editor’s note: Yes, this is the same region that is facing a refugee crisis 100 years later)

1917: Premiere of “The Marriage of Luise Rohrbach” a German silent moved filmed by cinematographer Karl Freund.

1917: Birthdate of Jule Rivlin, the native of Pennsylvania who played basketball at Marshall where he coached from 1955 to 1963>

1918: Margaret Seligman married Sam A. Lewisohn, son of Adolph Lewisohn, benefactor of City College and other major New York cultural institutions.

1918: Governor Whitman, Colonel Harry Cutler, Chairman of the Welfare Board for Jewish Soldiers and Sailors’ Rabbi Herbert S. Goldstein of the Institutional Synagogue, Rabbi Joseph Silverman of Temple Emanu-El and Rabbi Maurice H. Harris of Temple Israel were among the speakers at tonight’s celebration marking the 75t anniversary of the Independent Order of B’nai B’rith.

1918: As it prepares to embark for the Front, The British Legion, a Jewish military unit serving in His Majesty’s forces, was ordered to London to march through the East End before proceeding to Southampton.

1919: Birthdate of Tullia Zevi, Italian journalist, writer and who was the daughter of an anti-fascist Jewish lawyer.

1920:  France occupies Memel. Memel was one of those cities that had changed hands many times throughout the centuries.  In the 20th century it was passed back and forth between Germany and re-born Lithuania. “The French Governor, who ruled the region on behalf of the Entente, cancelled all restrictions which had been imposed upon the Jews, and thus all the Jewish inhabitants of Memel and the region received citizenship. The Governor nominated a committee of four members, two of them Jews, Moritz Altschul and Leon Rostovsky, as well as one German and a French officer as chairman, to deal with requests for citizenship, as a result of which the number of Jews in Memel increased quickly. The port, the developing commerce, the convenient conditions for developing industry, the possibility to learn a trade and the easing of permission to leave for the west and to Eretz-Israel, motivated many Jews to settle in Memel. The Lithuanian Government, having annexed Memel and the region to Lithuania in 1923, was pleased with the increase of the Jewish population, because the Jews together with the Lithuanians reduced the influence of the German majority.”

1922: In Jerusalem, Priscilla Lee, daughter of Dr. Henry J. and Josie Wolfe married Joshua Lipavsky.

1922: Birthdate Shmuel Agmon, the Tel Aviv born mathematician “known for his work in analysis and partial differential equations.”
http://www.emetprize.org/english/Product.aspx?Product=22&Year=2007

1923: Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, the father of the modern Turkish Republic declared, “Our country has some elements who gave the proof of their fidelity to the motherland. Among them I have to quote the Jewish element; up to now the Jews have lived in happiness and from now they will rejoice and will be happy.”

1923: “Nora” a silent film co-starring Fritz Kortner was released today in Germany.

1926: Arshag Mahdesian, an expert on Armenia wrote today challenging William E. “Pussyfoot” Johnson’s description of Turkey in which described “the Jews” as “aliens who live on the bounty of the Turks

1926: In Breslau, Rudolf Stern, “a physician, medical researcher and a veteran of the First World War” and “Käthe Brieger Stern,a noted theorist, practitioner, and reformer in the field of education for young children” gave birth to Fritz Richard Stern an “American historian of German history, Jewish history and historiography” whose family had been forced to leave Germany even though “his family had converted to Christianity in the 19th century.

1927: “Rio Rita” a musical orchestrated and conducted by Max Steiner “premiered on Broadway” today “at the new Ziegfeld Theatre.”

1927: The Ziegfeld Theater opened at 6th Ave & 54th Street in New York City. After Flo Ziegfeld’s death, Jewish showman Billie Rose would buy the theatre and turn in into his headquarters.  In 1927, the Ziegfeld was the site of the premiere performance of “Showboat”, the musical which owed its lyrics, tunes and literary inspiration to American Jews.

1927: Birthdate of jazz great, Stan Getz, premier tenor “sax man.” The son of Jewish immigrants from Russia, Getz was born in Philadelphia but raised in New York.  His father bought Getz his first saxophone at the age of thirteen. Getz gained fame among mainstream music fans when he won a Grammy for his recording of "The Girl from Ipanema" in 1963. 

1927: Birthdate of Herbert Kaplow, the Manhattan born son of Jewish immigrants who became a leading reporter for NBC and ABC television news.

1928: In Tel Aviv, Sir Alfred Mond, the Jewish chemist who became a Member of Parliament, says that despite the current level of unemployment, there is no economic crisis in Palestine, since the rate of unemployment is “constantly decreasing.”  After noting growth in the agricultural sector, Mond predicted that the construction of the Haifa harbor would have a positive impact on the country’s economy.  Others living in Palestine do not share Mond’s optimism, claiming that without an infusion of capital to develop the country’s industrial capacity, the employment situation will worsen.

1929(22ndof Shevat, 5689): Albert Steinrück who played Rabbi Lowe in the early German film classic Golem passed away at the age of 56.  Considering what was about to happen to the Jews of Europe, there is a certain sense of irony in this choice of material for a film.

1931: Birthdate of Newark, NJ native Judith Viorst the author best known for her children’s books and the wife of fellow Rutgers alum and author Milton Viorst who was on Nixon’s enemies list and whose late-blooming interest in Zionism and the Middle East can be seen in 2016 work Zionism: The Birth and Transformation of an Ideal

1931: The first Siyyum of the Talmud celebrated by Daf Yomi students.

1931: An announcement was made today at a meeting of “Jewish athletic clubs and youth organizations” held at the 92nd Street Y.M.H.A., that the “first world-wide Jewish Olympic games will be held in Tel Aviv next summer and that these groups had come together to “organize the first American chapter of the World Maccabee Union.”

1933: Hitler met the high command of Germany's officer corps for the first time.  Hitler needed the support of the Army.  The Prussian officer corps looked upon Hitler as an untrustworthy upstart.  They also feared that he would replace the army with the SA, his private army of brown shirted thugs.  Hitler would later make a deal with the high command.  He would get rid of the SA and they would support him.  This gave rise to the Night of Long Knives when Hitler literally killed off the SA and the German military machine embraced Hitler.  Neither World War II nor the Final Solution could have taken place without this alliance of Hitler and the High Command.

1933: In response to Hindenburg’s appointing Hitler to the post of Chancellor, theFamilienblatt a Jewish weekly newspaper, “declared, that it can hardly stand the idea, that an outspoken anti-Semite is appointed head of government.”

1933: “Morgenrot” a WW I German submarine movie starring Camilla Spira, the daughter of actor Fritz Spria who died in the Ruma concentration camp in 1943, was released today in Germany three days after Hitler came to power

1934(17thof Shevat, 5694): Eighty-four year old Columbia University Professor Julius Sachs, a member by birth and marriage of the Goldman-Sachs clan and the founder of Sachs Collegiate Institute passed away today.

1934: In a letter published today Zionist leader Louis Lipsky criticizes an article published in the Good Gray Lady on January 21 which endorsed the proposal to create Arab and Jewish cantons as the solution to the problems in Palestine.  The Arab canton would include Jerusalem, Jaffa and Haifa while the Jewish canton would be limited to Tel Aviv and a narrow strip of land that would include the malarial swamps around Lake Hula.  Furthermore, Lipsky contends that the details of the plan which had been published in the Palestine Arab newspaper, Falstin, violate the spirit and letter of the Balfour Declaration to a point where it whittles it down to meaninglessness.

1934: U.S. premiere of “Hips, Hips, Hooray!,” a comedy directed by Mark Sandrich (Mark Rex Goldstein) with a script by Bert Kalmar, Edward Kaufman and Harry Ruby.”

1935: “Red Hot Tires” a crime drama written by Dore Schary was released in the United States today by Warner Brothers.

1935: Sam Winograd, the CCNY grad would become the school’s Athletic Director, led his basketball team to victory over Temple.

1936: Elfriede Spiro, a Jewish woman whose family had come from Ostrowo in East Prussia, but had fled to Breslau when East Prussia became part of Poland after World War I and then fled to Italy after the rise of Hitler and Italian physicist and Noble laureate Emilio Gino Segre “were married at the Great Synagogue of Rome” – creating a marriage that lasted until October of 1970 when Elfriede passed away and that produced three children (Claudio, Amelia Gertrude Allegra and Fausta Irene)

1936: In Washington, D.C., Simon Marks, Sir Herbert Samuel and Lord Bearsted are scheduled to address a conference being held to deal with the challenge of settling persecuted European Jews in Palestine.

1936: Today, the National Conference for Palestine unanimously approved “a complete boycott of all Nazi goods and services” and a pled to support a campaign designed to raise three and half million dollars for building “the national home in Palestine” and providing aid to German Jews seeking to settle there.

1936: A review of Adventures in Palestine by Marion Rubenstein which provides “a detailed picture of the new life which is being built in the Jewish communities in modern Palestine” as seen through the eyes of three little girls who are refugees from Germany was published today.

1936: Rabbi Morris Lichtenstein is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “The Conquest of Troubles” at the Jewish Science Society.

1936: Rabbi Morton M. Berman is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “Need Jews Be Communists?” at the Free Synagogue meeting in Carnegie Hall.

1936: In Cincinnati, Alfred M. Cohen, president of B’nai B’rith presented his annual report to the executive committee in which he “declared that Palestine offers the one substantial hope for the salvation of German Jewry.”

1937: Birthdate of wrestler Boris Gurevich, the native of Kiev who a gold medal in Mexico City at the 1968 Summer Olympics.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that British troops, assisted by aircraft and police, started a major anti-terrorist campaign in the hills around Jenin. Two British soldiers and some 45 Arab brigands were killed. There were also various shooting incidents in Jerusalem.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that at the Revisionist Conference, held in Prague, Vladimir Jabotinsky opposed partition and urged Britain to recognize the whole of Palestine as a Jewish country. "There is plenty of room," he argued, "for both Jews and Arabs to live together."

1938: In Warsaw, General Wilczynski, the head of the Physical Education Bureau said that the “Aryan paragraph recently introduced  in the by-laws of several sporting organizations excluding Jewish clubs from membership in national organizations” was “unsportsmanlike” and declared it illegal saying that a numerous clause limiting membership based on population percentage should be used instead.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that The Association of Romanian Architects and Engineers expelled all Jewish members.

1938: The Premier of Rumania, Octavian Goga, issued a written statement today in which “he asserted that anti-Semitism would continue even if he were removed from” office because anti-Semitism which has been part of the National Christian Party for the last fifty years is an “enduring feature of Rumanian policy.”

1939: In Prague, “two far reaching decrees – one aimed at depriving most Jews of their Czecho-Slovak citizenship and the other at forcing all immigrants to leave the country within six months – are scheduled to be proclaimed today by the government” which will have a devastating effect on  the 10,000 Jews who have become naturalized citizens since 1918.

1939: Ten year old Zvi Dershowitz, the future rabbi of Sinai Temple in Los Angeles, “along with his parents Aaron and Ruth and sister Lili” emigrated to New York from Brno.

1940: U.S. premiere of “I Take This Woman” starring Hedy Lamar, produced by Louis B. Mayer with a script by Ben Hecht and music by Artur Guttmann.

1942: Churchill ordered Lord Moyne to release the 793 illegal immigrants on board the Darien and allow them to settle in Palestine. 

1942: Birthdate of Barry Diller former head of Paramount Studios and founder of Fox Television Network.

 1943: Four days before Max Mannheimer's 23rd birthday, he, his mother, father, brothers Ernst (Arnošt) and Edgar, his 15-year-old sister, Katharina (called Käthe), and his 22-year-old wife, Eva (née Bock) were arrested and deported to Auschwitz” where “his parents, sister and wife were taken in the first selection” and where his brothers Erich and Ernst were murdered shortly thereafter.

1943: Final surrender of German forces at Stalingrad.  This marked the turning point in the war on Eastern Front.  Now the Soviets would go on the offensive.  One of the by-products of the Soviet advances over the next two years would the liberation of several concentration camps including Auschwitz. The defeat at Stalingrad had a negative impact on Hitler’s relationship with the General Staff.  Ideological steadfastness would now become more important than military skill. 

1944:  Thirty-four days its keel was laid down, the SS Morris Sigman was launched today.  The ship was named after Morris Sigman who served as president of the International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union from 1923 to 1928.

1944(8thof Shevat, 5704): Ernst Alexander died today in Berlin.

1944: Edward Chodorov's "Decision" premieres in New York City

1944: Allied planes drop bombs on a German shipping port and accidentally kill Jews on the Island of Rhodes in the Jewish quarter.

1945: An unknown number of inmates attempted to escape from Mauthausen concentration camp.  Located in Austria, Mauthausen was opened in 1938.  It was liberated in May, 1945.  As to the risks and consequences of escaping consider the following account from a camp survivor, ““When someone tried to escape from Mauthausen during the winter, people were forced to march to the camp center where they were forced to stand outside all night in their ragged clothing. Other times when the person who tried to escape was caught, during the winter they would pour water over him and force him to stay out in the freezing cold weather.” When I asked my grandfather if his father ever tried to escape, he replied, “No, he didn’t escape - nor did he try. There was practically no way to escape from those camps, and if they did escape, then the Sudeten people would chase them through the fields. Most of the time they would catch them.”

1946: The Jewish Chronicle published the citation appointing Captain Newman a Member of the Order of the British Empire” for “his courage and devotion to duty during two clandestine missions in Occupied France.”

1947(12thof Shevat, 5707): Sixty-three year old David Louis Podell the native of Odessa, who was the son of Mordecai and Minnie Landa Podell passed away today in New York City.

1949: The Israeli Government in Tel Aviv announced that West Jerusalem was no longer ‘occupied territory’ but an integral part of Israel under civil administration.

1949: Immigration fever reached its height with approximately one thousand new immigrants a day reaching the shores of Israel.

1949: Birthdate of Brent Spiner, the actor who plays Commander Data on “Star Trek.”

1949: "The British military administration in Libya allowed Libyan Jews to travel to Israel.  This brought an end to travel restrictions that had been in force since the start of the Israel War of Independence.  According to Haim Abravanel "on the first day of legal emigration: 'It was snowing for the first time in Tripoli and under the white flakes blown by the wind thousands of poor Jewish wretches ran towards the street where the polices were...to get their passports at last" and sold all of their possessions including "furniture, businesses assets and work tools."  In the next few days, 8,000 passports were issued to Jews who had no idea how they would reach Israel.

1950(15th of Shevat, 5710): Tu B'Shevat

1951: U.S. premier of “The Steel Helmet” a Korean War movie directed and produced by Samuel Fuller.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that Jordan, following a border clash during which an Israeli patrol expelled marauders, accused Israel of "aggression” and invoked the Jordanian-British Treaty of 1948 for protection.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that the Soviet media embarked on a concentrated “spy and saboteurs hunt," and a "merciless struggle" against the Ukrainian "Jewish bourgeois nationalism and Zionism." (One thing that was left our during the memorial ceremonies commemorating the liberation of Auschwitz last week was any mention of the virulent ant-Semitism that gripped the Soviet Union almost immediately after the war.  If Stalin had not died, the fate of Russian Jewry would have been much different,)

1954: President Eisenhower reports detonation of 1st H-bomb.  The debate over whether or not to build the H-bomb featured two famous Jewish physicists; each leading a different faction.  Robert Oppenheimer, the father of the A-bomb opposed the building of the H-bomb.  Edward Teller, who was Oppenheimer’s junior and not nearly as illustrious a scientist led those in favor of building the bomb.  Teller’s side won and the rest is history.

1955: Pinchas Lavon resigned as Israeli Minister of Defense after bitter disagreements with David Ben Gurion, chief of staff Moshe Dayan, and Director General of his office, Shimon Peres. What became known as the Lavon affair concerned a controversial Israeli operation within Egypt. The question of who had prior knowledge was to plague the Israeli political establishment and Ben Gurion in particular for years to come. The Lavon Affair and its investigation commission eventually led to the fall of the government and brought about Ben Gurion's resignation in 1963.

1957:  Producer Mike Todd and actress Elizabeth Taylor got married.  Ms Taylor converted to Judaism.  Todd was the creator of a form of wide-screen cinema called Todd-A-O.  “Oklahoma” and “Around the World in 80 Days” were both filmed in this manner.

1957: The UN adopted a resolution calling for Israeli troops to leave Egypt.  This was the beginning of the end of the 1956 Sinai Campaign.  This resolution marked one of the few times in the Cold War when the U.S. and the Soviet Union found common ground.  The Eisenhower Administration resurrected the career of Nasser, the Egyptian dictator by forcing the Israelis to back down.  The Americans would do the same to the British and the French in what would be an example of the law of unintended consequences.  The Americans told their two European Allies that the American nuclear umbrella would not cover them if they did not give into the Russians.  The French gave in, but swore they would never find themselves in this situation again.  This was the driving force behind the French development of their own nuclear weapons and eventual departure from NATO.  As we have said many times before, Jewish history takes place on the stage of world history.

1959: “The Pride and The Passion” a big screen epic sent during the Napoleonic wars in Spain directed and produced by Stanley Kramer, co-starring Theodore Bikel as “General Jouvet” and with an opening title sequence designed by Saul Bass was released today in Finland.

1960:  Birthdate of Robert Smigel, a comedy writer, performer, and puppeteer best known as the voice of Triumph the Insult Comic Dog, a character he created for Late Night with Conan O'Brien and writer for SNL for twenty years.

1960: David Susskind produced “Juno and the Paycock” broadcast as “The Play of the Week” co-starring Walter Matthau in the role of “Joxer Daly.”

1962: “Swifty the Great” published today provides a profile of Swifty Lazar, the super-agent who beats out MCA, William Morris and General Artists for clients on a regular business.http://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,829005,00.html

1963 (8thof Shevat, 5723): Herbert Louis Samuel, 1st Viscount Samuel passed away.

1965: In Chicago, “Robinn Schulman, a nurse whose family owned the company that manufactured Shane Toothpaste (now known as AloeSense), and Joseph Steiner, a figurative painter and art instructor, David Steiner, a Zionist and filmmaker who died in an bus crash in Uganda after which he was posthumously ordained as a Rabbi.
https://chicago.suntimes.com/news/chicago-filmmaker-david-steiner-killed-in-uganda-bus-crash/

1968: Today, the ill-fated INS Dakar was scheduled to enter her home port; a rendezvous she did not keep.

1970: The funeral of Frederick Cohen son of Isidore and Leah Cohen is scheduled to take place this afternoon at The Riverside.

1970: The funeral of Abraham Cahan, husband of Flora Cahan and father of Sanford Cahan and Marjorie Rosenbloom is scheduled to take placed this morning at The Riverside.

1974: As Secretary of State Henry Kissinger sought to bring a truce to the Middle East, Syrian guns shelled Israeli military position and civilian positions near the Golan Heights.

1974: Barbra Streisand's 1st #1 hit, "The Way We Were"

1975: Two people were injured in a terrorist bus bombing in Jerusalem.

1977: After their F-4E Phantom II was hit by an Israeli artillery shell David Noy and Ilan Erster were recovered after having ejected from their aircraft.

1978: The Jerusalem Post reported that Europe was on an alert as Arab terrorists boasted of having poisoned Jaffa oranges.

1978: “The Boys in Company C” an early Vietnam era war film co-starring Michael Lembeck was released in the United States today.

1978: The Jerusalem Post reported that Israeli seamen extended their two-week strike to ships with vital cargoes.

1978: The first staging of International Stud part of a collection of three plays by Harvey Fierstein opened today at La MaMa, E.T.C., an Off-Off-Broadway theater, where it ran for two weeks

1978: The Jerusalem Post reported that the indirect behind-the-scenes Israeli-Egyptian negotiations and the face-to-face military negotiations came to a halt with both sides remaining far apart in their search for a political

1980 (15thof Shevat, 5740): Tu B’Shvat

1980 (15thof Shevat, 5740): William H Stein, US biochemist and winner of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1972 passed away at the age of 68.

1985: Neil Simon’s “Biloxi Blues” closed out its world premiere run which had begun on December at the Ahmanson Theatre in Los Angeles.

1987: A memorial service is scheduled to be held in NYC for Grete Mosheim, a leading Berlin and West German stage actress whose husbands included actor Oscar Homollka and financier Howard Gould and who had fled Germany when Hitler came to power.

1988: In Itamar Yitro Asheri and his wife gave birth to Eliyahu Pinchas Asheri who was murdered by terrorists belonging to the PRC in 2006.

1989(27th of Sh'vat, 5749): Marie Syrkin, author, editor, poet, teacher, and outspoken activist for Israel, died at the age of eighty-nine.

1991: New York Mayor David Dinkins was scheduled to leave on his trip to Israel today.  The trip is designed to show support for Israel during the Persian Gulf War.

1992: A theater performance benefiting the Tel Aviv Foundation, which helps Russian artists settling in the Tel Aviv area, was held at the Brooklyn Academy of Music this evening "Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead," an adaptation of the Tom Stoppard play by Joseph Brodsky, the poet laureate of the United States, was performed in Russian by a Soviet émigré troupe, the Gesher Theater Company, with simultaneous translation into English. A reception honoring Mayor Shlomo Lahat of Tel Aviv followed the performance.

1993(11thof Shevat, 5753): Eighty-four year old Lithuanian born American violinist Alexander Schneider who was a member of the Budapest String  Quartet passed away today.
http://www.nytimes.com/1993/02/04/arts/alexander-schneider-violon-virtuoso-dies-at-84.html

1994(21stof Shevat, 5754): German born Dutch photographer Annemie Wolff whose husband, architect  Helmuth Wolff committed suicide as a part of a failed suicide pact and who compiled a photographic of Dutch suffering under the Nazis passed away today.
http://archives.sfweekly.com/exhibitionist/2015/03/03/annemie-wolffs-1943-portraits-of-jews-in-amsterdam-are-more-powerful-than-words

1995(2ndof Adar I, 5755): Eighty-six year old physicist and radiobiologist Tikvah Alper who overcame prejudice against women and Jews and who opposed Apartheid in her native South Africa passed away today.
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-tikvah-alper-1610123.html
http://cshlwise.org/wise-wednesdays/2017/8/23/tikvah-alper

1997: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers includingBehind the Oval Office Winning the Presidency in the Ninetiesby Dick Morris, For the Hell of It: The Life and Times of Abbie Hoffman by Jonah Raskin and Arnon Grunberg’s Blue Mondays about “a jaded young Jewish man gets kicked out of high school and spends his days in bars, getting fired from jobs, rejecting his parents and his religion, and dropping most of his money on whores before deciding to become one himself.”

1997(25thof Shevat, 5757): Ninety-one year old Sanford Meisner the actor and acting teacher who founded the Meisner/Carville School of Acting passed away today.
http://www.nytimes.com/1997/02/04/theater/sanford-meisner-a-mentor-who-guided-actors-and-directors-toward-truth-dies-at-91.html

1998(6thof Shevat, 5758): Eighty-six physicist Gertrude Scharff Goldhaber passed away today. (As reported by Wolfgang Saxon)
http://www.nytimes.com/1998/02/06/us/gertrude-scharff-goldhaber-86-crucial-scientist-in-nuclear-fission.html
http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/goldhaber-gertrude-scharff

2003: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Welcome to Heavenly Heightsby Risa Miller and What I Saw Reports From Berlin, 1920-1933 by Joseph Roth; translated with an introduction by Michael Hoffman

2004: Israel killed a leader of Islamic Jihad and three other terrorists in a Gaza raid.

2006 (4 Shevat, 5766): Paratrooper Yosef Goodman, a member of the elite Maglan unit died in a training accident. Goodman aged 20, originally from New York, lived in Efrat with his parents and siblings. The price of a Jewish state is indeed expensive.

2007: Israeli author David Grossman was awarded the degree of Doctor Honoris Causa by the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.

2007: The Jewish Daily Forward published “The Joys of Cedar Rapids.” http://www.forward.com/articles/10009/

2008(26thof Shevat, 5768): Eighty-two year old Joshua Lederberg who “was just 33 years old when he won the 1958 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering that bacteria can mate and exchange genes” passed away today.

2008: In Cedar Rapids, Iowa, at Temple Judah kicks off the weekend with Super Bowl Shabbat.  The traditional minyan combines Tefillah and Tailgating by observing Shabbat Mishpatim followed by a Kiddush featuring pizza and assorted football munchies.

2009: At NYU, the David Project Center for Jewish Leadership cosponsors “Tribalism in the Middle East,” a lecture by Mordechai Kedar, professor of Arabic and Middle East Studies at Bar-Ilan University and an expert on Arabic and Muslim Society.

2009 (8thof Shevat, 5769): Eighty-nine year old Ralph Kaplowitz, who appeared as a member of the Knicks in what is considered the National Basketball Association’s first game in 1946, when Jewish players were often showered with anti-Semitic catcalls, passed away at his home in Floral Park, Queens today.(As reported by Vincent Mallozzi
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/15/sports/basketball/15kaplowitz.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0

2009: Opening session of the 9th annual Herzliya Conference

2010: Members of the Little Rock Jewish Community are scheduled to meet at The Center of Jewish Life under the auspices of Rabbi Pinchas Ciment and join their co-religionists around the world in the second JLI course titled Portraits in Leadership: Timeless Tales for Inspired Living.

2010: The Jewish Community Center in Manhattan is scheduled to show “Una Storia Romana” (An Italian Story), a documentary that centers on the round-up of Jews in Rome in 1943 and Jewish attempts to raise the 50 kilos of gold that German demanded as ransom.

2010: Maggie Anton, author of the trilogy about Rashi’s Daughters is scheduled to speak at The Holy Blossom Temple in Toronto, Ontario.

2010: A number of Israel’s leading “Wikipedes” came to the Knesset today, where they reaped the laurels of their efforts, but also leveled a certain amount of criticism toward a lack of government cooperation with their efforts to compile a free online Hebrew-language encyclopedia

2010: First broadcast of PBS’s service documentary “Herskovits at the Heart of Blackness” which examines how Melville J. Herskovits a Jew who grew up in El Paso, TX came to be considered “the inventor of African American Studies.

2010: Ninety-one year old Donald Wiseman, the “biblical scholar, archaeologist and Professor of Assyriology at the University of London” passed away today.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/religion-obituaries/7252002/Professor-Donald-Wiseman.html

2010: Security forces searched Israel's coastline and closed beaches in the south today after two barrels of explosives washed up on the shores of Ashkelon and Ashdod, north of Gaza.

2011: The 92ndSt Y is scheduled to present “The Epic Struggle to Save Soviet Jewry: Pivotal Figures from a Heroic Era” during which political advisor Richard Perle and Gal Beckerman, author of When They Come For Us, We'll Be Gone: The Epic Struggle to Save Soviet Jewry, are scheduled to discuss the dramatic Cold War period when American Jewry first became politicized as Jews and Jews behind Russia's Iron Curtain took grave risks in order to win their freedom and emigrate to Israel or the United States.

2011: Mike Brown signed a three year extension with the Toronto Maple Leafs.

2011: Esther Friedman, matriarch of a pro-active Zionist family from Netanya and Jerusalem wh died last night at age 94 after several years of serious illness, was buried today on the Mount of Olives.

2011: The Knesset Constitution Committee approved a modified version of a bill today that would allow some small communities to maintain admissions committees to screen candidates for residency.

2012: Professor James Kugel is scheduled to deliver a lecture entitled “In the Valley of the Shadow: Some Thoughts on Serious Illness at Shearith Israel in New York City.

2012: YIVO Institute for Jewish Research is scheduled to present a lecture by Miryem-Khaye Seigel entitled “The Broder Singers: Forerunners of the Yiddish Theater.”

2012: About 200,000 missiles are aimed at Israel at any given time, a top Israel Defense Forces officer said today, adding that Iran's ability to obtain nuclear weapons was solely dependent on the will of Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.

2012: During his visit to Gaza today, UN Secretary- General Ban Ki-moon urged “the people from Gaza to stop firing rockets into the Israeli side. Indiscriminate killing of people, civilians, is not acceptable, for whatever reasons. Eight rockets were fired into Israel on the eve of Ban’s visit, the IDF said. 

2012(10thof Shevat, 5772): Seventy-year old Zalman King, “a filmmaker who mixed artistic aspiration, a professed empathy for female sexuality and gauzy photography to bring soft-core pornography to cable television” passed away today. (As reported by Douglas Martin)
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/09/arts/television/zalman-king-creator-of-soft-core-films-dies-at-70.html?_r=0

2013: Israel’s No. 1 box-office hit, “The World Is Funny” is scheduled to be shown at the opening of  The 13th Annual Broward County Jewish Film Festival, at the Posnack JCC, in Davie

2013: The Israel String Quartet is scheduled to perform two string quartets by Beethoven at the Eden-Tami Music Center.

2013: As the בולטימור רייבנס prepare to square off against the סן פרנסיסקו 49, the traditional minyan at Temple Judah is scheduled to host its annual Super Bowl Shabbat service.

2013: The Syrian state broadcasters showed the aftermath images of last week's alleged Israeli air strike on the sprawling Jamraya site north-west of Damascus.

2013: The Los Angeles Times reported that the top contenders in the city’s mayoral race “share strong ties to the Jewish community.” (As reported by Seema Mehta)
http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-jewish-20130202,0,4056368,print.story

2013: Turkey’s foreign minister blasted Syrian President Bashar Assad for not responding to an alleged Israeli strike on targets in Syria. (As reported by Yoel Goldman)

2014: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including An Officer and a Spy, a novel about the Dreyfus Affair by Robert Harris and Trieste, a novel that focuses on the fate of Jews of this city that has belonged to so many nations by Dasa Drndic as well as a “conversation” with Gary Shteyngart, author of the recently published Little Failure.

2014: Among the ads scheduled to be shown during the Super Bowl is a commercial for “Noah,” director Darren Aronofsky’s  cinematic treatment of the “the righteous man in his generation.” (It will be interesting to see how his version squares with what he learned growing up Jewish in Brooklyn)

2014: In the UK, scheduled final showing of “Children of the Sun” a documentary about “the children who were part of Israel’s first kibbutzim.”

2014: “Mike Flanagan, a former British soldier who smuggled two Cromwell tanks to the Haganah in 1948, was buried in the Sha’ar HaAmakim cemetery alongside his wife and son today. (As reported by Marissa Newman)

2014: “threeASFOUR: MER KA BA” is scheduled to close today.
http://www.thejewishmuseum.org/exhibitions/three-as-four

2014: “Chagall: Love, War and Exile” is scheduled to close today
http://www.thejewishmuseum.org/exhibitions/chagall-love-war-exile

2014: Ynet News reported today that “R abbi Mordechai “Motti” Elon, an Israeli Modern Orthodox leader, will not appeal his conviction on two charges of sexually assaulting a minor.”

2014: With Israeli politicians pouncing on US Secretary of State John Kerry for allegedly encouraging a boycott against Israel, the State Department issued a statement today urging that Kerry's words be portrayed "accurately."

2015: In Miami Beach, the Jewish Museum is scheduled to host a lecture by Genie Milgrom, “How to Find and Prove your Jewish Ancestry from Catholic Inquisition Sources.”

2015: In New York, the Center for Jewish History is scheduled to host “Echoes of the Borscht Belt” featuring contemporary photographs by Marisa Scheinfeld.

2015: During an awards ceremony today where the IDF honored many of those who fought “in last summer’s conflict in Gaza” a Distinguished Service Medal was awarded posthumously to twenty-four year old Lt. Eitan Fund “who famously rushed into a tunnel to try and stop the kidnapping of Hadar Goldin during an ambush near Rafah on August 1, 2014.”

2015: Pianist Roman Rabinovich and Violinist Itamar Zorman are scheduled to perform with Jupiter Chamber Players at the Good Shepherd Church in New York City.

2015: Anat Gov’s play “Oh God” is scheduled to open at the JCC Manhattan’

2015(13thof Shevat, 5775): Ninety-two year old screenwriter Stewart Stern passed away today. (As reported by Margalit Fox)
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/08/movies/stewart-stern-92-screenwriter-of-rebel-without-a-cause-dies.html?_r=0

2016: “The Metropolitan Klezmer” is scheduled to perform at the 92nd Street Y.

2016(23rdof Shevat, 5776): Ninety-year old breast feeding advocate Dana Raphael passed away today. (As reported by Sam Roberts)
https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/21/nyregion/dana-raphael-proponent-of-breast-feeding-and-the-use-of-doulas-dies-at-90.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=1

2016: The 92ndStreet Y is scheduled to host “Trials and Error: The NFL Concussion Settlement.” 

2017: Journalist Paul Martin is scheduled to speak at today’s Learn and Lunch hosted by the Oxford University Jewish Society.

2017: Coe College is scheduled to host the first session of “The Conflicted Jewish World of Chaim Potok” under the leadership of award winning Physics Professor Steve Feller.

2017: Lebanon is scheduled to begin an auction for energy rights in an area of the Mediterranean Sea that is claimed by Israel.

2017: Richard A. Shweder is the Harold H. Swift Distinguished Service Professor of Human Development at the University of Chicago, David Makovsky is the Ziegler Distinguished Fellow at The Washington Institute, Mark Yudof is Board Chair of the Academic Engagement Network and Milan Chatterjee is one of two recipients of the American Jewish Committee’s inaugural Campus Courage Awards, are scheduled to take part in a panel discussion about BDS on College Campuses at the Streicker Center

2017: Susan Bachrach, Curator of the special exhibition The Nazi Olympics: Berlin 1936, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum is scheduled to take part in a discussion “Sports and Politics, Then and Now” at the California African American Museum

2017: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to host the opening “Black Panther Got Loose from the Bronx Zoo: An Exhibition by Ido Michaeli”
http://www.ajhs.org/black-panther-got-loose-bronx-zoo-exhibition-ido-michaeli#overlay-context=user

2018: The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to host a Kabbalat Shabbat service followed by dinner at the beginning of Parents’ Shabbat.

2018: In Cedar Rapids, Temple Judah is scheduled to host its Tu B’Shevat Seder and Soup Seder.

 

 

 

This Day, February 3, In Jewish History by Mitchell A. Levin

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 February 3

19(12th of Adar, 3779): Dedication of the Temple built by King Herod the Great at Jerusalem

1112: Ramon Berenguer III of Barcelona and Douce I of Provence marry, uniting the fortunes of those two states.  According to archaeological evidence, Jews had been living in both Barcelona and Provence since the first century of the Common Era. “The earliest documentary evidence for the presence of Jews living in Provence dates from the middle of the fifth century in Arles. They were to be found in large numbers in Marseilles at the close of the sixth century.”  The Jewish population in certain parts of Provence would grow in the 14thcentury when the Jews who had been expelled from France found refuge in Provence which at that time was independent from France.  A group of these refugees would be referred to as the Pope’s Jews. Berenguer would pass away in 1131 the same year that Sheshet Benveniste, the “philosopher, physician, diplomatist, Talmudist and poet” who become the leader of the Barcelona Jewish community until his death in 1210 was born.

1451: Sultan Mehmed II inherits the throne of the Ottoman Empire. He conquered Constantinople in 1453. The oppressed Jews were relieved to see him occupy the city. He allowed Jews from today's Greek Islands and Crete to settle in Istanbul. Mehmed II’s declaration read as follows: "Listen sons of the Hebrew who live in my country...May all of you who desire come to Constantinople and may the rest of your people find here a shelter".  Mehmed II invited the Ashkenazi Jews of Transylvania and Slovakia to settle in the Ottoman Empire. The synagogues Ahrida, Karaferya, Yanbol and Cuhadji which were damaged due to a fire were repaired on his order. Based on surviving documents, the Sultan employed at least five Jewish doctors as palace physicians.

1468: Johannes Gutenberg, father of modern printing, passed away.  Gutenberg was not Jewish.  But the invention of the printing press was a boon to Jewish study and culture.  The people of the book had much easier access to the World of Books.

1679. Birthdate of Isaac Lampronti, the native of Ferrara and the great-grandson of Constantinople native Samuel Lampronti who became a rabbi and physician “best known as author of the rabbinic encyclopedia Paħad Yitzħak.

1740: Charles de Bourbon, King of Naples, invited the Jews to return to Sicily in hopes that this would restore flagging trade and commerce industries. Approximately 20 families heeded the call but due in part to an inhospitable welcome by the local community, most soon left.

1747: A deed dated with today’s date conveyed a half-acre of land in the Township of Lancaster, Pennsylvania from Thomas Cookson to Isaac Nunus Ricus and Joseph Simons "in trust for the society of Jews settled in and about Lancaster, to have and use the same as a burying-ground."“At this time there were about ten Jewish families at Lancaster, including Joseph Simon, Joseph Solomon, and Isaac Cohen, a physician.” The deed is the earliest record of Jewish settlement in Lancaster which was an early and important settlement during the Colonial and post-Revolutionary period of American history

1749:  Sicily, invited Jews to return to the island ending a three hundred year ban.  The Sicilians believed that the Jews would restore trade to the island and improve its diminished economic conditions.

1760(16th of Shevat): Rabbi Jonah Nabon, the son of Hanun Nabon part of a distinguished Turkish and Jerusalemite  family that included Rabbi Ephraim ben Aron Nabon who died at Constinople in 1735 and Rabbi Isaac Nabon son of Judah Nabon and the author of Nepah ba-Kessef passed away today

1761(29th of Shevat): Eliezer ben Samuel Avila, the nephew of  Talmudist Chaim ben Moses ibn Attar and the rabbi at Rabat Morocco who authored Ozen Shemuel passed away.

1770(8thof Shevat, 5530): Abraham ben Uri Shraga passed away today in London. (However, his tombstone says he died on Sunday, 9th of Shevat which would have been February 4)

1780: Jacob Pinto, the son of Abraham and Sarah Pinto and Abigail Pinto, his second wife, gave birth to Sarah Pinto

1781: During the American Revolution British Admiral George Bridges Rodney seized St. Eustatius which would set the stage for the worst outbreak of anti-Semitism during the war.

Instead, Rodney assigned a sizable part of his naval force to protecting the convoy. Rodney's occupation of Statia began on February 3rd, 1781. Already, in a report of March 5, 1781, General Vaughan advised Rodney against attempting to keep the island. Rodney did not follow Vaughan's advice. Professing to be ailing, but evidently swayed more by consolidating the riches gained than with geopolitics, he departed for England, leaving a garrison of 670 men behind on decimated Statia, and assigned a naval contingent to protect them.

1786: Birthdate of Whilhelm Gesenius author of two books “of particular interest to English-speaking students of Hebrew – “a Latin work, the Lexicon Manuale Hebraicum et Chaldaicum in Veteris Testamenti Libros, and a corresponding issue of the German work, Hebräisches und Chaldäisches Handwörterbuch über das Alte Testament” – which were the forerunner of the Brown Driver Biggs lexicon

1802(1stof Adar I, 5562): Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1802(1stof Adar 1, 5562): Seventy-five year old the third child of Isaac and Beila Levy passed away today in Baltimore, MD.

1807(25th of Shevat): Meir Posner of Danzig, the rabbi of the Schottland Congregation in Danzig and the author of Bet Meir a commentary on the Shulchan Aruk  passed away

 1809:  In Hamburg, Germany the banker Abraham Mendelssohn, the son of the German Jewish philosopher Moses Mendelssohn and Lea Salomon, a member of the Itzig family and a sister of Jakob Salomon Bartholdy gave birth to Felix Mendelssohn the famous composer who was not Jewish and that is what makes him significant in terms of Jewish History.  His grandfather was Moses Mendelssohn, the founder of Reform Judaism.  Felix was baptized and raised as a Protestant. His detractors point out that he wrote oratorios for the Church instead of music for the synagogue.  Others see him clinging to a vestige of his Jewish roots in choosing to write an oratorio called Elijah andsetting Psalm 100 to music.  Ironically, the German composer Richard Wagner cited Mendelssohn when he attacked the Jewish influence on German music.  Hitler and the Nazis were not the first Germans to see the Jews as a race for whom conversion to Christianity was not a solution to "the Jewish Problem."  Regardless of any sentimental attachments Moses Mendelssohn may have felt for the faith of his grandfather, he died in 1847 as a Protestant.  The Jewish line of Mendelssohn had disappeared.
http://www.biography.com/people/felix-mendelssohn-40373

1810: In Chrast, Leopold and Theresia Frankl gave birth to Ludwig August von Frankl, the Bohemian born Austrian author and poet.

1816(4th of Shevat): Rabbi David ben Mordecai of Brody, author of Yefe Einayim passed away today.

1821: The government of the grand duchy of Baden asked Aron Chorin, a Hungarian rabbi who was an advocate for Reform “for his opinion about the duties of a rabbi, and about the reforms in the Austrian states. Chorin answered by writing Iggeret Elasaf, or Letter of an African Rabbi to His Colleagues in Europe, which was published by M. I. Landau (Prague, 1826). In it he stated that the Torah comprised religious truths and religious laws, the latter partly applicable only in Palestine, partly obligatory everywhere. These may be temporarily suspended, but not entirely abolished, by a competent authority, such as a synod. Only ordinances and precautionary laws which are of human origin may be abrogated in conformity with the circumstances of the time. As for mere customs and usages (minhagim), the government, after having consulted Jewish men of knowledge, may modify or abolish them; but in no other way may it interfere with religious affairs. Chorin also pleaded for the establishment of consistories, schools, a theological seminary, and for the promotion of agriculture and professions among the Jews. Some of these ideas he carried out in his own congregation, which included a great number of mechanics. He succeeded in founding a school, and introducing liturgical reforms into the synagogue; even an organ was installed at his instance. He permitted the eating of rice and pulse during the days of Passover. To his theory of a synod regulating and modifying Jewish laws and customs, Chorin always adhered. In his Treue Bote (Prague, 1831) he declared himself against the transfer of the Sabbath to Sunday, but expressed the opinion that, considering the requirements of our time, synods might mitigate the severity of the Sabbatical laws, especially in regard to traveling and writing.

1826: In Mikuloc, Moses Spitzer and his wife gave birth to Viennese mathematician Simon Spitzer.

1830:  The sovereignty of Greece was confirmed in a London Protocol marking the end of the Greek War of Independence which had raged from 1821 until 1829. “By supporting the Ottoman Empire, the Jews curried disfavor with the Christian Orthodox Greeks. Thousands of Jews were massacred alongside the Ottoman Turks. The Jewish communities of Mistras, Tripolis, Kalamata and Patras were completely destroyed. A few survivors moved north to areas still under Ottoman rule.”  The Jewish Community of Thessaloniki dated from the 17thcentury and would become one of the largest Jewish communities as Greece developed its national identity during the rest of the 19th century.

1830: Birthdate of Lord Salisbury, who became an ally of Benjamin Disraeli and who as Foreign Secretary represented the UK at the Congress of Berlin where he worked to make sure that Romania honored its commitment to give equal rights of citizenship to the newly created kingdom.

1833: In Posen, Prussia, Dr. Siegmund Zabulon Dembitz and Francesca Whele gave birth to Lewis N. Dembitz the Louisville, KY, lawyer and husband of Wilhelmina Wehle who helped to nominate Abraham Lincoln at the 1860 Republican National Convention who may be best known for being the uncle of Louis Dembitz Brandeis, the first Jewish Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court.

1834: In London, England Dr. Many and Hannah Emanuel  gave birth to Louis Manly Emanuel, the 1860 graduate of the University of Pennsylvania Medical School who served with the 88th Regiment of the Union Army from the Peninsula Campaign to the surrender at Appomattox and died prematurely after the war due to the deterioration of his health brought on by his military service.

1834: The Baptist State Convention of North Carolina establishes the Wake Forest Manual Labor Institute, today known as Wake Forest University. Based on recent statistics, there are 80 Jewish students among the 4,000 undergraduate student body.  The school offers 21 Jewish studies courses.  Jewish students use the Hillel at UNC in Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

1836: Edward Levy Green married Amelia Hart at the Great Synagogue today.

1841(12thof Shevat, 5601): M.H. Landauer, the son of Cantor Elias Landauer, who served as the Rabbi of Braunsbach and who wrote several works on the Kabala and Zohar passed away today.

1842(23rd of Shevat): Abraham Stern an inventor of mechanical calculators and one of the few it not the only Jewish member of the Warsaw Society of Friends passed away. He is buried at the Bródno Jewish Cemetery which “was opened in 1780 by Szmul Zbytkower, a Polish Jewish merchant and financier, who donated the land for that purpose.”

1843: Today’s edition of The Voice of Jacob provided information about London financier Levi Salomons who had passed away in January of 1843.

1846: Philadelphian Jefferson H. Nones, who would serve “gallantly” at the Siege of Puebla during the war with Mexico, completed his training as a Midshipman in the U.S. Navy.

1848: The German version of “Elijah” “an oratorio written by Felix Mendelssohn” that depicts events described in the Book of Kings about the Israelite Prophet which had “premiered in 1846 at the Birmingham Festival” premiered today in Leipzig “a few months at the composer’s death.

1849: Birthdate of Nahida Ruth (nee Sturmhofel) Lazarus the Berlin born author of The Jewish Woman who converted to Judaism after the death of her first husband Max Remy and who then married Professor Mortiz Lazarus.

1851: Brigadier General James Totten and his wife gave birth to Charles A.L. Totten the graduate of West Point and Yale University professor who “engaged in a genealogical exercise, attempting to prove the Davidic ancestry of the British royal family” and who supported “the project of restoring Palestine to the Jews…through the medium of an international conference.”

1853: Today, Hyam Joseph, one of the earliest Jewish settlers of the Sandwich Islands, sent a letter with a business order to San Francisco, CA

1854: In "American Slavery" published today, Henry Ward Beecher draws a distinction between slavery as practiced among Abraham and the Jews and American Slavery. "Hebrew slavery admitted that a slave was a man with all appropriate human responsibilities and made ample provision for his civil and religious instruction."  American slavery stands upon the fundamental idea that a slave is chattel, not a man; and it makes teaching him to read a penitentiary offense."  Beecher was the father of Harriet Beecher Stowe, the author of Uncle Tom's Cabin.  Slave owners and their supporters used the Bible as one of their defenses for that "peculiar institution" saying that if slavery was acceptable in the Bible it was acceptable today.  People like Beecher, who knew their Bible and something of ancient Israelite culture quickly challenged this bogus comparison.

1858: "The Last Moments of Rachel" published today quotes a letter from French author Mario Uchard to dramatist Victorien Sardou in which he described the final days and death of Rachel Félix the Alsatian born Jewess better known as Mademoiselle Rachel, the famous  French actress.

1860: Today's review of "Oliver Twist," the dramatic version of Charles Dickens novel of the same name reported that "the most salient triumph of the play, however, it must be said, is won by" Mr. J.W. Wallack, Jr., "who makes Fagin the Jew the fearful, odious and miserable creature that Dickens, working then in the May-time of his genius, summoned into being. The scene in which the wretched Fagin's driveling despair at the advance of death is painted by Mr. Wallack rises far above the level of melodrama. It is eloquent with the results of close and sincere study, vivified by the intense light of a quick and vigorous imagination." [Dickens'"Fagan" is seen by some of being symptomatic of 19th century British anti-Semitism.]

1860: It was reported that today that “The Vienna Gazette has published an Imperial decree, enacting that the testimony of Jews, in future shall be regarded of the same value as that of Christians. The measure is considered preliminary to according them full civil and political rights. "

1862: During the Civil War, Captain Leopold Meyer of Philadelphia began his service with Company C of the 113th Regiment of the 12th Cavalry of the Union Army.

1863: During the Civil War,” a fishing smack, containing three Jews,” was seized tonight on Lake Pontchartrain as it made its way to Ponchatoula, a Louisiana town still held by the Confederates. The boat contained “a large quantity of medicines for the rebels” and letters from forty or fifty leading citizens in New-Orleans which were addressed to persons of authority in the Confederate Government.

1865: In Amsterdam, Jozef Israëls, “one of the most respected painters of the Hague School, and Aleida Schaap,” gave brith to Dutch painter  Isaac Israëls who was also a popular and award winning painter whose subjects included  Magaretha Gertrud Zelle, better known as the German spy Mata Hari

1865: During the Civil War, the 27th Ohio Infantry including Jacob C. Cohen arrived at Salkehatchie Swamp, SC, as Sherman’s Army pursued the Rebels under Johnston trying to reach Robert E. Lee.

1866(18th of Shevat, 5626): Joseph Bach passed away in Budapest. Born in 1784, he was a Hungarian rabbi. After I. N. Mannheimer, he was the first German preacher of a Jewish congregation in Austria-Hungary.mIn Alt-Ofen, his birthplace, he began to ground himself early in life in the study of the Talmud. Without the aid of a teacher he studied several foreign languages; after which he attended the University of Prague, remaining there 12 years. Then he returned to his home town, where he married the daughter of a wealthy family, and settled down as a merchant. It was not long, however, before he lost his entire fortune and was left penniless. Destitute of the means of subsistence, he was constrained to accept a situation as teacher. In 1827, despite having never studied homiletics, and had never heard or read a sermon, he was appointed first preacher at the newly organized synagogue of Pest, where he officiated for over thirty years. Many of his sermons have been published. An autobiography, with a preface by Kayserling, was published by his son in Budapest.

1869: Birthdate of Ludwig Lesser, the Berlin native who’s fame as an award winning landscape did not keep him from having to flee to Sweden with his son Richard in 1939 after the Nazis came to power.

1871: In Pilsen, Rabbi Heinemann Vogelstein, a leader of the Reform movement in Germany and his wife gave birth to Ludwig Vogelstein an industrialist who served as Vice President of the World Union Progressive Judaism, and in keeping with his leadership in the Reform movement, an opponent of Zionism.

1872: Salomon Jacobs, a Jewish peddler, was sentenced to six months in the penitentiary for picking the pocket of sewing girl in New York City.

1874: In Allegheny, PA, Daniel and Amellia Stein gave birth to American modernist writer Gertrude Stein.

1875: It was reported today that the committee that has been investigating the management of the Hebrew Benevolent Asylum has concluded that Mr. Meyer Stern and his colleagues were guilty of the charges made against them. While the committee has no legal standing, its investigation has resulted in putting an end to the practices of which they were accused.

1876: The trial of Pesach N. Rubenstein, a Polish Jew charged with the murder of his cousin Sara Alexander, was scheduled to resume today.

1876: In New York, 21 year old Therese Schiff (Loeb) and Jacob Henry Schiff gave birth to Frieda Fanny Warburg.

1878: “Ceremonies of Judaism: Their Meaning and Observance,” a lengthy article that described the ceremonial practices of the Jewish people including their Biblical origins was published in the New York Times. [One could hardly imagine an article like this appearing in a major European daily.]

1879: In New York, the Controller appeared at today’s meeting of the Board of Apportionment and reported that the Hebrew Ladies’ Benevolent Association was one of the charities that had made application to receive a portion of the excise moneys collected in 1878.

1879: Birthdate of Guy Gillette, the United States Senator from Iowa who became an outspoken supporter of the Zionist cause and served as President of the American League for a Free Palestine. [In those days, references to Palestine were Jewish, not Arab.  I am still researching the path that led a person from the small northwest Iowa town of Cherokee to support the creation of the state of Israel especially when you consider that in Iowa, unlike some of other states,  there was no “Jewish vote” of any major importance.]

1885: In Modena, Italian merchant Salvatore Donati whose family traces its origins to back to the 16th century and his wife gave birth to banker, philanthropist and diplomat Angelo Donati who played a key role in rescuing Jews during WW II.

1887: Famed explorer Henry M. Stanley, the man who “found” Dr. Livingston, left Cairo to day so that he could join the Emin Pasha Relief Expedition and assume his role as active leader. Emin Pasah had been into a German family who named him Isaak Eduard Schnitzer.

1880: It was reported today that the Russian government is planning to change the law so that Jews have the same rights of other citizens as part of measures to be enacted as part of the Silver Anniversary of the Czar’s coming to the throne.

1880: The German Women’s Society for Aiding Poor and Sick Widows and Orphans held their annual meeting this afternoon at Steinway Hall.  Originally, the organization had been limited to Lutheran members. By the time of this meeting membership had been opened to include Jews as well as members of other Christian denominations.

1885: Birthdate of Modena, Italy native Angeolo Donati, the banker, philanthropist and diplomat who saved “Jews from Nazi persecution in Italian-occupied France.”

1890: “The Jews of France” published today cites claims in Fiagro and Gaulois that anti-Semitism in France  is based on a belief that Republican Government favors the Jews and that the Rothschids were responsible for the “ruin of the Union General.” 

1891: In Paris, France, Albert Lazard and Camille Lazard gave birth to Jacques Michel Adolphe Lazard the husband of Georgette Lazard.

1891: It was reported today that 160 Jewish families from Russia are scheduled to arrive in the Twin Cities this week.  They are planning on forming an agricultural colony that has the financial backing of Baron Hirsch.

1891: Sarah Bernhardt and her company are scheduled to open their four week long “American season at the Garden Theatre” this evening with a performance of “La Tosca” which “will be followed by performances of “Cleopatra,” “Theodora,” “Fedora” and “Jeanne d’Arc.”

1892: Russia closed down Yeshiva of Volozhin.

1893: The will of the late Simon Davidson, a retired Jewish merchant whose home had been on East 56th Street in Manhattan was filed for probate today.

1894(27thof Shevat, 5654): Parashat Mishpatim

1894(27thof Shevat, 5654): “The Belzer Rabbi, Yehoshua Rokeach, the eldest son of Rabbi Sholem Rokeach, the founder of the Belzer Dynasty,” who “after his father’s death in 1855 maintained the Belz Dynasty for forty years” passed away today. (As reported by Joseph Margoshes)

1894: Birthdate of Gertrud "Trude" Kiesler (née Lichtwitz) the mother of actress Hedy Lamarr.

1894: A group of unemployed Jews clashed with police outside of St. Paul’s Cathedral in London today.

1895: “Russia’s Jewish Problem” published today provides a detailed review of The Russian Jews; Extermination or Emancipation by Leo Errera. (He was a Belgian born Jewish botanist who works on anti-Semitism “under the pseudonym "Un vieux juif” which is German for "an old Jew"

1896: In Berlin, movie producer Jules Greenbaum and Emma Karstein gave birth to cinematographer Mutz Greenbaum.

1898: It was reported today that a decision will not be made for at least week in “the libel suit brought by Joseph Reinach against Henri Rochefort who charged Mousier Reinach with intending to prove Alfred Dreyfus’s innocence by means of forged documents.” The judicial proceedings took place for spectators who quickly turned into a mob of jeering anti-Semites.

1899: It was reported today Israel Zangwell is expected to speak at the opening session of the Hebrew Fair which will be held at the Tuxedo.

1899: In New York, founding the Yiddish daily the Jewish Abend-Post.

1900(4thof Adar I, 5660): Parashat Terumah

1900(4thof Adar I, 5660): Forty-seven year old Paul Aaron Calmann-Lévy, the son of Kalmus Calmann Lévy and Pauline Levy and the husband of Dorothée Calmann-Levy passed away today in Paris.

1901: Herzl sets out on a journey to London and Paris that will last until the 15thof the month.

1901: The Huvra Synagogue in Jerusalem’s Jewish Quarter was the scene of a standing room only memorial service for Queen Victoria led by Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi Samuel Salant.

1902: In London Suzannah and Herbert Bentwich gave birth to Joseph Bentwich who made Aliyah in 1924 when he began teaching the Herzilya Hebrew Gymnasium.  He spent almost three decades at the Hebrew Reali School in Haifa as a teacher and principal. He passed away in 1982.

1904: Herzl telegraphs back that he can take up the British proposal of new territory in Nandi only after the most careful investigation.

1906: “Letters from Gomel appearing in the newspapers declare unanimously that the anti-Jewish outrages in that town were perpetrated with the open connivance of the authorities” and cited “numerous instances…of soldiers blackmailing unfortunate Jews who were seeking to save the remnants of their movable property.”

1906: The American Jewish Committee was formed. It was headed by Judge Mayer Sulzberger, a leader in the fight for liberal immigration laws. Its aims included the protection of civil and religious rights of Jews all over the world. Among its founders were Dr. Cyrus Adler, Louis Marshall and Jacob H. Shiff.

1907: Birthdate of author James Michener.  Michener was not Jewish.  But his novel, The Source, is one of the least painful ways to gain an overview of Jewish History

1909: In Paris, two Alsatian Jews – Saolomea and Dr. Bernard Weil gave birth to French mystic and Resistance fighter Simone Weil.

1910(24thof Shevat, 5670): Sixty-three year old Josephine Lazarus, author of The Spirit of Judaism passed away.

1912(15thof Shevat, 5672): As the Jews celebrate the New Year of the Trees, American politicians begin to gear up for a New Political Year – the presidential elections of 1912.

1913: Birthdate of Milton Lipson, a lawyer and investigator who, as a Secret Service agent from 1938 to 1946, was a personal bodyguard for Presidents Roosevelt and Truman.
http://www.nytimes.com/2003/01/24/nyregion/milton-lipson-89-lawyer-and-a-former-bodyguard-for-roosevelt.html

1913: The two day “annual convention of District Grand Lodge No. 1 of the B’nai B’rith” which included a dinner at Delmonico’s where Jacob Furth of St. Louis addressed the attendees, a ball at Sherry’s and the election of Dr. Joseph Silverman of Temple Emanu-El as the President came to an end in New York.

1913: The New Jersey Conference of Charities and Corrections of which Newark, NJ Rabbi Solomon Foster served as a member of the Executive Committee continued meeting for a second day in Plainfield, NJ today.

1913: The Junior Auxiliary of the Mothers’ Aid of the Chicago Lying-in Hospital and Dispensary is scheduled to be held in the Vestry of Rooms of Isaiah Temple this afternoon.

1914: It was reported today that “all restrictions on the length of sojourn to be permitted in Russia to Jewish physicians who wish to attend the Twelfth International Ophthalmological Congress in St. Petersburg” that will run from July 28 to August 2, 1914.

1915: Among those listed today as contributors to the American Jewish Relief Committee were the Ladies Benevolent Society, Albany, GA; Temple De Hirsch, Seattle, Washington; the House of Israel, Hot Springs, AR; Adath Moshe, Athens, GA; Temple Israel Ladies, Wilmington, NC and the Hebrew Drama Club, Columbus, Ohio.

1915: Ottoman forces attempt to cross the Suez Canal but are repelled by the British. The Turks then turn towards Beersheba in Palestine after suffering near 2000 casualties.

1915:  In what would prove to be one of the opening rounds in the battle for the control of Palestine, Turkish troops arrive at the Suez Canal after having marched 130 miles through the Sinai Peninsula.

1916: The American Jewish Relief Committee announced today that it has received “to date” contributions in cash and pledges totaling $2,112,048.71.

1916: “In an interview” today the “President of the American Tariff Reform League stated that the organization…was entirely in accord with the sentiments expressed by Jacob Schiff in a speech before the Reform Club” in which he declared “war will never cease until we have worldwide free trade and the only way to render preparedness unnecessary is to the Custom Houses and the tariff walls and have international free trade.:

1916: It was reported today that the American Jewish Relief Committee had received the following contributions from committees throughout the United States and Canada including $305 from the Calgary Committee and $1,000 from the Des Moines Committee as well as $250 from the Staunton Christian Churches.

1917: The response of Felix Warburg, the chairman of the Joint Distribution Committee, to Germany’s announcement of a return to unrestricted submarine warfare published today, read, in part “Germanys note to the United States announcing a ruthless submarine warfare against neutral and other ships has stopped negotiations begun by the Joint Distribution Committee for the Relief of Jewish War Sufferers and which had for its object the sending of the German liners interned here to Syria and Belgium”

1917: During the second to the last year of World War I, British troops occupied Baghdad. After suffering heavily by forced conscription, torture and extortion by the Turkish ruled government, local Jews celebrated their freedom by declaring it a holiday (Yom Ness). Their freedom lasted until 1929 when the British granted independence to Iraq and all Zionist activities were prohibited.

1917: Birthdate of William Frankel, the son of Isaac Franekl, the beadle of an Orthodox London Synagogue, who became editor of the “Jewish Chronicle,” a British weekly newspaper.
https://www.theguardian.com/media/2008/apr/25/pressandpublishing.religion
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/04/20/AR2008042002077.html

1918: The Jewish Press Bureau reported from Stockholm “that the Dutch Zionist Federation has published a protest against the non-participation of a Jewish representative in the Brest-Litvosk peace negotiations” despite the fact that “the rights of millions of Jews as a national minority are being decided there.”

1918:  In the Bronx, Jacob Gottlieb, a bicycle repairman and Anna Siegel Gottlieb gave birth to Joseph Abraham Gottlieb who gained fame as Joey Bishop whose career spans the entire spectrum of a Jewish comic's life - Vaudeville, Burlesque, the Catskills, Las Vegas, Movies, and Television.  Many remember him as one of ABC's attempts to imitate the popular Johnny Carson Show.  The shows only lasting contribution was introducing Regis Philburn to America.  His other claim to fame was being part of Frank Sinatra's Rat Pack which included another famous Jewish entertainer, Sammie Davis, Jr.

1918: Colonel Josiah Wedgwood, a Member of Parliament visiting the United States on Government business today “urged that no obstacles be put in the path of the Palestine restoration movement” saying that “the Jewish State should include all of the territory of twelve tribes ”stretching from Dan to Beersheba

1919: Today, Chaim Weizmann, the leader of the Zionist delegation, presented the case for a Jewish homeland together with a map of the proposed entity. The statement supported the creation of a mandate entrusted to Britain and described the Jewish historical connection with the area. It also declared that the proposed borders and resources were “essential for the necessary economic foundation of the country” including “the control of its rivers and their headwaters”.

1919: It was reported today that Herman Bernstein, “who has just returned from Siberia” is no longer editor of the American Hebrew having been replaced by Isaac Landman.

1920(14th of Shevat, 5680): In New York, Rabbi Isaac C. Noot passed away at the age of 80.

1920(14thof Shevat, 5680): In her 57th year, Lena Reich, the wife of Bernard Rech and the mother of Mrs. Louis E. Beiber passed away today in New Rochelle, NY.

1920(14thof Shevat, 5680): Mae Reichman, the wife of Samuel Reichman and the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Goldberger passed away today in New York.

1921: Rabbi Stephen S. Wise officiated at the marriage of Arthur M. Schwartz and Rosaline Steifel at St. Regis Hotel “followed by a wedding breakfast for about 40 guests.”

1921: Dr. Bernard Drachman officiated at the wedding of William Freiber and Regine Weiss, “the niece of Charles M. and Henrietta H. Fergess” at the Hotel McAlpin.

1921: In Washington, DC, Samuel Zallman Alpher and Rose Raise Alher gave birth to Ralph Ahser Alpher the physics professor at Union College, mathematician and provider of the model for the Big Bang Theory which was the subject of his 1948 Ph.D. dissertation.
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/18/us/18alpher.html

1921: In the Bronx, jewelry salesman Milton Kalish and his wife, the former Helen Rosenfeld gave birth to Austin Kalish script writer today. (As reported by Anita Gates)
https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/08/arts/television/austin-kalish-dead.html?ribbon-ad-idx=5&rref=obituaries&module=Ribbon&version=origin&region=Header&action=click&contentCollection=Obituaries&pgtype=article

1922: Residents of Bridgeport, CT heard a broadcast carried by WDY and KDKA that included the singing of Eddie Cantor in one of his first, if not his first venture, into the world of Radio.

1922: “Masters of the Sea” a “silent adventure film directed by Alexander Korda” and co-starring his wife Maria was released in Austria today.

1924: Birthdate of famed timpanist and baton maker Richard Samuel Horowitz, the Bronx native who was the son of “a cellist in silent-picture orchestras and movie theatre projectionist “and a “violin and piano teacher.” (As reported by Margalit Fox)
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/12/arts/music/richard-horowitz-renowned-timpanist-and-craftsman-of-conductors-batons-dies-at-91.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&clickSource=thumb&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

1924: “The Marriage Circle” a silent film directed and produced by Ernst Lubitsch was released today in the United States.

1924: In the back of their dress shop in East Harlem, Daniel and Fanny Gelb gave birth to “Timesman” Arthur Neal Gelb. (As reported by Sam Roberts.
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/21/business/media/new-york-times-editor-arthur-gelb-dies.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&_r=0

1925: In Chicago, Irene (née Marks) and Nathan Berman gave birth Sheldon Berman who gained fame as comedian Shelly Berman who was part of a group of early monologists who along with Mort Sahl and Bob Newhart, created a golden age of stand-up comedy.  Berman's specialties included a "series of neurotic schlemiels" and "benign Lenny Bruce characters." He also appeared in a few short-lived comedy series. 
http://www.shelleyberman.com/

1926: Birthdate of Vivien Wax Nearing, the New York attorney who dethroned Charles Van Doren as champion on “Twenty-One” the popular quiz show on NBC.  She survived as champion for four weeks.  Ms Nearing was one of fourteen contestants who were exposed for cheating during subsequent investigations into the quiz show scandal.

1928: When Albert D. “Dolly” Stark was “added to the National League umpiring staff” today, he became the first Jew to serve as an umpire in the Major Leagues in modern times.

1931: In Brooklyn, Arthur Levitt, Sr. and his wife gave birth to Arthur Levitt, Jr. who served as Chairman of the S.E.C. from 1993 to 2001.

1931: It was reported today that the Zionist Executive Committee has sent a message of condolence to the family of the Reverend William H. Hechler who has just passed away at the age of 86.  Hechler was a Protestant minister who was an early supporter of Zionism and the work of Theodor Herzl.

1932: Birthdate of Maria Itkina, the native of Roslavl the track star who competed in the 1956, 1960 and 1964 Summer Olympics.
http://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/it/mariya-itkina-1.html

1933: Influential art dealer Sir Joseph Duveen, “was raised to the peerage as Baron Duveen.”  He was the oldest child of Sir Joseph Joel Duveen, the Dutch born Jew who had settled in England where established a firm that dealt in the trading of antiquities. 

1934: “The anti-Semitic ‘Prophecy’ attributed to Benjamin Franklin” that has been distributed in Germany was actually first published today in Liberation, “the organ of the Silver Shirts, a secret Fascist body headed by William Dudley Pelley” founded in Asheville, NC

1934: Jesuit Father M. Barbera reviewed Alfred Rosenberg's Der Mythus des 20. Jahrhunderts (The Myth of the Twentieth Century) for La Civiltà Cattolica. The book, published in Germany in 1930, had strongly endorsed Article 24 of the Nazi Party Program of 1920, which said that the party "stands for a new `positive Christianity.'" This new cult would abolish the "Jewish" Old Testament, purge the New Testament of humanitarian and pacifist themes, and create a German church anchored in blood, race, and soil. The party program and the book itself constituted a direct challenge to Catholics and Protestants alike, and Father Barbera was not delicate in his response. Because of the book's emphasis on the superiority of the pure "Aryan" race and its distortions of Christian history and teachings, he unequivocally rejected it as a "subversion of the very foundations of Religion and the Christian State." He did not mention Rosenberg's anti-Semitism.

1935(30thof Shevat, 5695): Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1936: The Federal Council of Churches of Christ hosted a luncheon at the Aldine Club at which Sir Herbert Samuel and Viscount Bearsted made a plea to Catholic, Protestant and Jewish clergyman for support in financing the emigration of young Jews from Germany.

1936: The English-Speaking Union hosted a reception for Sir Herbert Samuel, the former British Home Secretary, during which he urged cooperation between the United States and Great Britain “to promote world peace and liberty.”

1937: It was reported today the Richard Walter Darre, the Reich Minister of Agriculture has written The Pig Murder, a book that “deals with the killing of 9,000,000 pigs in 1915” which he says was part of a Jewish plot to destroy the basis of the German self-nourishment system” and to aid in the allied blockade that was so harmful to the German war effort.

1938: In Bucharest, “Foreign Minister Istrate Micescu told the cabinet council that he had scored a success over the Jews in Geneva” where the League of Nations had given Rumania “a free hand to carry out revision of Jews’ citizenship” and said that it will not consider any complaints brought by Jews against that government until Rumania has “put forth its explanations.

1938: It was reported today that while Great Britain is broadcasting messages in Arabic designed to counteract “Mussolini’s persistent anti-British propaganda and to bring about peace in Palestine between Arabs and Jews” Sir Oswald Mosley, the English fascist leader is among those sending anti-Jewish literature to Arabs and to British officials in Palestine with intention of exacerbating tensions in the Holy Land.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that the third British soldier was killed in the battle near Jenin. While more than 50 Arab terrorists were killed, the number of their wounded could not be estimated. In Safed Arabs refused to attend the funeral of an Arab policeman branded as a traitor and murdered by Arab terrorists. The Palestine government approved the Post's suggestion that both Arab and Jewish buses should be of the same color, to make them indistinguishable and less prone to Arab terrorist snipers.

1939: “The British Government accepted an offer by President Roosevelt’s Advisory Committee on Refugees to send an expert commission to investigate the possibilities” settling Jewish refugees in British Guiana

1939: “A large number of prominent Finish citizens of all parties started a nation-wide collection” to raise funds to support the destitute refugees from Central Europe, most of whom are Jews from Germany “who have sought temporary refuge in Finland.

1939: In Budapest, The Dohány Street Synagogue “was bombed by the Hungarian pro-Nazi Arrow Cross Party” today after which it was “used as base for German Radio and a stable during WW II.”

1940(24thof Shevat, 5700): Eighty-two year old librettist Viktor Léon whose best known work was the operetta “The Merry Widow” passed away today
http://oasis.lib.harvard.edu/oasis/deliver/~hou01714

1941: Esther "Etty" Hillesum, young Jewish women whose diaries about life in Holland under Nazi occupation were published posthumously, went to serve as "model" to the psycho-chirologist Julius Spier, at the Courbetstraat 27 in Amsterdam.

1941: Birthdate of Toronto native and “Canadian historian of the Holocaust” Michel Robert Marrus the author of such works as Vichy France and the Jews and “one of three Jewish scholars appointed to the International Catholic-Jewish Historical Commission to investigate the role of the Pope Pius XII during the Holocaust.”

1943: U.S. premiere of “Air Force,” a film based on a real event that took place in WW II produced by Hal B. Wallis and Jack Warner and staring John Garfield and featuring George Tobias, playing a role for which he was born – a Jew from Brooklyn serving in the crew of a B-17

1943: Leon Blum “wrote to a friend, one Madame Camel: “I received your package from Noch. The ham hock was wonderful. I haven’t yet eaten the prunes, but I know the species and look forward to eating them. … The household routine remains the same, except that occasionally new guards appear from outside.”

1943: After visits from René Bousquet, the secretary-general of the Vichy police and the man responsible for the July 1942 roundup of French Jews, and the no less redoubtable Colonel Helmut Knochen of the SS, representing Himmler, today Leon Blum was removed from Bourrassol by German troops.

1943: Eva-Marie Buch, who “worked for the Schutze-Boysen-Harnack resistance group (The Red Orchestra)” “was sentenced to death by the People’s Court.”

1943(28th of Shevat, 5703):  The Allied troopship S.S. Dorchester was torpedoed by a German sub and went down with a loss of 600 lives. As it sank, four chaplains calmly ministered to the needs of their comrades-in-arms and gave up their lifejackets to shipmates, thereby perishing in the icy waters. The bravery of Rabbi Alexander Goode, Father John Washington, Rev. Clark Poling (Dutch Reformed), and Rev. George Lansing Fox (Methodist) led Congress afterward to mark February 3rd as "Four Chaplains Day."http://www.legion.org/library/6245/bravery-four-chaplains

1944: The 67th train in eighteen months left Drancy for Birkenau. Upon their arrival 985 of the 1,214 deportees were gassed; of them 184 where children under 18 year of age.

1944: Two weeks after his wife Elizabeth had become a United States citizen, Hungarian born photographer André Kertész became a U.S. citizen today.

1944: Sydney Shumelson, a 29-year-old junior officer with the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), was part of a Buffalo Beaufighter Squadron that successfully attacked a Nazi convoy off the coast of Norway. On the way back, Shumelson engaged in a running dogfight with a Messerschmitt for which he was awarded the Distinguished Service Order. “Six months later, Sydney participated in another sortie in which he and his comrades sunk two heavily defended warships in the Bay of Biscay. As a result of his service, he received the Distinguished Flying Cross and became the highest decorated Canadian Jewish serviceman in World War II.”

1944: “The Fighting Sullivans” a WW II biopic about five brothers from Waterloo, IA, produced by Sam Jaffe was released in the United States today.

1945: Colonel Robert “Rosie” Rosenthal led the entire Third Division, an armada of 1,000 B-17’s, on a raid on Berlin.

1946: The Royal Air Force reported that “six uniformed men held up an RAF medical rehabilitation unit in Tel Aviv tonight and stole eighteen weapons.”

1946: Seventy-nine year old English novelist Edward Phillips Oppenheim who was incorrectly “widely perceived as Jewish and was termed ‘the greatest Jewish writer since Isaiah’” passed away today.

1946: In Jerusalem, “police and military authorities announced today that the curfew that had barred pedestrians from streets in Jewish quarters would be lifted tomorrow.  The curfew has been in effect for sixteen nights.

1946: Among the 12,000 Canadian military personnel who arrived at Pier 90 in New York aboard The Big Bess was comedian Lou Herman of Toronto who performed in Italy and Northern Europe “with his rifle on the alert, never sure when an enemy attack might be made.”

1949: The Provisional State Council which acted as the legislature for the state of Israel until the election of the first Knesset held its last meeting today.

1949: “The Bribe,” an American crime film directed by Robert Z. Leonard, produced by Pandro S. Berman and filmed by cinematographer Joseph Ruttenberg was released in the United States today.

1950: Morton Gould and his wife gave birth to their third child and first daughter Abby.

1951: In Philadelphia, President Harry S. Truman dedicated a chapel in the honor of “The Four Chaplains” in Philadelphia.  The chapel was moved to the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard in 2001 and after being repaired in 2004 was renamed “The Chapel of the Four Chaplains.”

1952: In Mt. Vernon, NY, Lillian Vernon and Samuel Hochberg gave birth to their first son LGBT activist Fred Philip Hochberg, who in a very Jewish pattern was named for an uncle who died at Normandy and who served as “president and CEO of the Lillian Vernon Corporation” before serving in several government positions including Chairman and President of the Export-Import Bank under President Obama.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported on the Ministry of Labor plans to develop communications and queries, expand irrigation and agriculture and move people from towns to villages all of which should help in lowering the unemployment rate and hasten the closing of the transit camps for recent immigrants.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that Arab states had dropped their plans for a boycott of Germany after the Bonn government has ratified the Israeli Reparations Treaty.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that Czechoslovakia and Hungary joined the Soviet Union in spreading false anti-Semitic accusations and started identifying and purging their Jewish officials.

1954: The IDF officially began employing “a new doctrine of combining armored and motorized infantry units” developed by Yitzhak Pundak who was promoted the rank of Brigadier General.

1958(13th of Shevat): Benzion Katz passed away
http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Katz_Bentsiyon

1959(25th of Shevat): Joseph Pearlman passed away

1960: “The Rise and Fall of Legs Diamond” a crime biopic that “marked the film debut of Dyan Cannon (born Samille Diane Friesen), produced by Milton Sperling, with music by Leonard Rosenman was released today in the United States by Warner Brothers

1965(1stof Adar I, 5725):  Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1965(1stof Adar, 1, 5725): Ninety-two year old Giuseppe Levi “an Italian anatomist and histologist” who “was a pioneer of in vitro studies of cultured cells” passed away today.

1970: The funeral for Bella Bergoffen, the widow of Samuel Bergoffen is scheduled to take place this afternoon at Riverside Chapel

1970: The funeral for Dorothy Horowitz Gerber, the widow of Newcomb Germer is scheduled to take placed at the Higgins Home for Funerals followed by internment at the Children of Israel Cemetery in South Plainfield, NJ

1971: Birthdate of Tobias Jacob "Toby" Moskowitz “an American financial economist and a professor at the University Of Chicago Booth School Of Business. He was the winner of the 2007 American Finance Association (AFA) Fischer Black Prize, which is awarded biennially to the top finance scholar under the age of 40 in years when one is deemed deserving.”

1973: Judge Justine Wise Polier retired from the New York Family Court after 38 years spent trying to use the bench to assist children and redress discrimination.

1974: After only 65 performances a Broadway revival Adler and Ross’ “The Pajama Game” co-starring Hal Linden, closed today.

1974: The Syrian Foreign Minister announced that his country was carrying out a ‘continued and real war of attrition’ that aim of which was to keep ‘Israel’s reserves on active duty and paralyzing its economy.’

1975(22ndof Shevat, 5735): Eighty-eight year old Russian born American character actor Michael Mark whose career spanned almost 40 years passed away today.
http://www.classic-monsters.com/michael-mark/

1976: In Oman, Elspeth Reid and Brian Fisher gave birth to actress Isla Lang Fisher who converted to Judaism before marrying Sacha Baron Cohen.

1977: Birthdate of American born sprint canoer Rami Zur, who “competed for Israel at the 2000 Summer Olympics.”

1978: “The One and Only” a “comedy starring Henry Winkler, directed by Carl Reiner, produced by David V. Picker, starring Henry Winkler and Gene Saks and filmed by cinematographer Victor J. Kemper was released in the United States today.

1978: The Jerusalem Post reported that mercury was found in Spanish oranges as a poisoning scare cut into sales of Israeli citrus in Europe. In the third week of their almost total strike, Israeli seamen threatened to wreck their ships to prevent their sale, as threatened by the Zim management. The US was contemplating a package deal: a joint sale of American jet fighters to Israel, Egypt and Saudi Arabia. 1985: Physicist Frank Oppenheimer, younger brother of Robert Oppenheimer, and veteran of the Manhattan Project, passed away.

1986: In Harrisburg, PA, the large plant owned by TRW (the R stands for Simon Ramo) burned to the ground in an eight alarm fire.

1988: In Yorkton, Saskatchewan Rick and Carol Schwartz gave birth to Mandi Jocelyn Schwartz the Yale hockey player whose struggle with leukemia would inspire thousands of people to volunteer to be bone marrow donors.”  (As reported by Thomas Kaplan)

1988: Defense Minister Yitzhak Rabin visited Nablus today and found the streets deserted except for his own soldiers. He chatted with them in the narrow twisting streets. Some residents could be seen peeking at the minister through the slats of their closed shutters as he walked with bodyguards, a squad of soldiers and an entourage of journalists. ''I more than believe that we are going to put an end to it,'' he said of the protests. ''When, I don't know.''

1989(28thof Shevat, 5749): Seventy-three year old Academy Award winning American movie music orchestra leader, composer and arranger Lionel Newman, passed away.http://www.nytimes.com/1989/02/08/obituaries/lionel-newman-73-winner-of-an-oscar-as-a-film-composer.html
http://www.deseretnews.com/article/33578/LIONEL-NEWMAN-DIES.html?pg=all

1991: After a long and angry debate, the Israeli Cabinet today voted to accept as a new member of the Government a small right-wing party that advocates expelling all the Palestinians from the occupied territories. Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir pushed through the appointment of the Moledet Party -- the Hebrew name means homeland -- over the opposition of senior members of his Government to expand his coalition to 66 seats in the 120-seat Parliament. That is considered a safe governing majority. No longer will any but the very largest of the minor parties have the power to bring the Government down. Several of the most senior members of the Government -- the Ministers of Justice, Health, Finance, Defense and Foreign Affairs -- voted against the new coalition agreement or abstained, participants at the meeting said. Vote totals from the closed meeting were not disclosed. In several cases, dissenting ministers said they considered the Moledet Party to be racist. And they openly worried that the move would jeopardize Israel's new-found international standing as a result of its military restraint in the face of Iraqi missile attacks.

1991:  The army announced that it had decided to begin large-scale distribution of gas masks to Palestinians in the West Bank.

1991: Mayor David N. Dinkins arrived in Tel Aviv “today from New York City for a lightning visit to show solidarity with Israel. His Israeli hosts wasted no time pressing a gas mask kit into his hands, and then whisked him away for a discussion on chemical weapons with Israel's Foreign Minister. Israeli officials who greeted Mr. Dinkins in the first rush of meetings during his 24-hour visit had nothing but praise for the Mayor. From the President down, Israelis were pleased with Mr. Dinkins's decision to come here at a time when air-raid sirens are wailing almost every night. But that was in direct contrast to the feelings of some of Mr. Dinkins's black constituents. In New York, some black leaders have accused him of using the trip to bolster his popularity among Jewish voters while neglecting the problems of his black supporters. While Mr. Dinkins's visit to Israel has been praised by Jewish leaders in New York, some blacks have objected to the trip because they believe it may align the Mayor too closely with supporters of the Persian Gulf war and could make him appear too hawkish, particularly among blacks who in some opinion polls have been shown to lag considerably behind whites in support of the war. Since the hastily arranged trip was announced 10 days ago, Mr. Dinkins has repeatedly tried to deflect the criticism by characterizing the visit as a humanitarian gesture of support for Israel at a time of great adversity. But aides who came with Mr. Dinkins acknowledged that, along with the show of solidarity, the Mayor's visit was intended as a modest, if early, pitch for Jewish votes in the 1993 election. This appears to be at least part of the reason that Mr. Dinkins has not scheduled any meetings with Palestinians during his trip, though virtually all visiting American politicians make a point of meeting with prominent Arabs. The Mayor's aides said Mr. Dinkins wanted only to express sympathy for Israel and not to take on larger political issues. Such visible support for Israel could be useful if Andrew J. Stein, the City Council President, who could be expected to have wide Jewish support, decides to run against Mr. Dinkins. After being fitted for a gas mask in the airport arrival lounge, Mr. Dinkins, looking weary from his long flight, said: "Wisdom and prudence dictate that we learn how to put on a gas mask. But I'm not afraid. I'm 63, and God has been good to me and taken care of me over the years."

1992: Ezer Weizman, the former Israeli Defense Minister and air force commander who became an ardent advocate of peace with the Arabs, announced his retirement from politics today, warning that the Government was leading the country toward war. An architect of the 1978 Camp David peace accords with Egypt and an outspoken supporter of talks with the Palestine Liberation Organization, Mr. Weizman said he was leaving public life because he could no longer influence national policy. Addressing Parliament, Mr. Weizman, who is 67 years old, said he was resigning as a member of Parliament from the Labor Party. "After serious consideration I have decided to resign my post in the Knesset and to leave political life," he said. "I leave concerned for the fate and image of the State of Israel in the years ahead. I am troubled by the grave feeling that the path we are taking does not lead to peace, but to an impasse behind which is the horror of war." Farewell May Not Be Final Mr. Weizman said later that he felt he could "no longer contribute" to peace efforts. Acquaintances said he had become disillusioned by the Government's conduct of Arab-Israeli negotiations and by what he saw as the inability of his own party to present credible policy alternatives. While he insisted that he was abandoning parliamentary politics, Mr. Weizman did not rule out a proposal by some legislators that he serve as President, a mostly ceremonial post. His uncle, Chaim Weizman, became Israel's first President in 1948.

1992(29th of Shevat, 5752: Eighty –five year old “Dead Sea Scrolls Scholar” Theodore H. Gaster passed away today.
http://articles.philly.com/1992-02-08/news/26040942_1_dead-sea-scrolls-jewish-sect-ancient-texts

1993: U.S. premiere of “The Century Club” the cinematic treatment of the play by the same name about three Jewish widows in Pittsburgh produced by Philip Rose, with music by Elmer Bernstein and co-starring Lanie Kazan.

1995: “In the Month of Madness” a horror film featuring David Warner and Frances Bay was released in the United States today.

1995(3rdof Adar I, 5755): Seventy-one year old author Jack Sendak, the brother of Maurice Sendak and the son of Philip Sendak passed away today. (As reported by Wolfgang Saxon)
http://www.nytimes.com/1995/02/04/obituaries/jack-sendak-71-a-writer-of-surrealist-books-for-children.html?pagewanted=1

1997: Newly installed U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright announced the uncovering of her Jewish origins.

1997: During fiscal 1997 which ended today women's apparel accounted for 32 percent of Younkers's sales, men's apparel for 16 percent, home furnishings for 16 percent, and cosmetics for 11 percent. In an example of oft repeated tale, Younker’s traced its origins to a general store started by Lipman, Samuel and Marcus Younker at Keokuk, IA, from which the brothers put the merchandize on backpacks and walked the roads selling to local farms.  Herman Younker “joined them in 1874 and opened a 1,320-square-foot dry goods store in Des Moines on their behalf with a $6,000 grubstake.”

 1999(17th of Shevat, 5759): Eighty five year old Ben “Red” Kramer the Long Island University basketball all-star who won the Haggarty Award  which “is given to the best men’s basketball player in the New York City metropolitan area” passed away today.

2000: The U.S. Senate voted 89-4 to confirm Alan Greenspan for a fourth term as chairman of the Federal Reserve.

2002: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers includingShouting Fire: Civil Liberties in a Turbulent Age by Alan M. Dershowitz

2002: Robert Kraft’s New England Patriots defeated the St. Louis Rams in Super Bowl XXXVI in New Orleans.

2003: Today actress Lana Clarkson was found in the Pyrenees Castle, the Alhambra, CA, mansion of musician Phil Spector whose immigrant Jewish grandfather arrived in the United States “with the surname Spekter.”

2006(5thof Shevat, 5766): Actor Al Lewis, best known for his role as Grandpa on the television show “The Munsters” passed away.
http://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/05/nyregion/al-lewis-95-dies-portrayed-grandpa-on-the-munsters.html
https://www.biography.com/people/al-lewis-162967

2007: ט"ו בשבט or Tu B’Shevat and Shabbat Shirah.  In Cedar Rapids a special Tu B’Shevat and Tailgating Kiddush celebrating the New Year of the Tree’s and Sunday’s Super Bowl.

2008: “Camille Pissarro: Impressions of City and Country” closes at the Jewish Museum of New York.

2008: The Sunday New York Times book section featured a review of Artists in Exile: How Refugees From Twentieth-Century War and Revolution Transformed the American Performing Artsby Joseph Horowitz, Swimming in a Sea of DeathDavid Rieff’s account of his mother’s (Susan Sontag) final illness and Eli Gottlieb’s second novel, Now You See Him.

2008: The Sunday Washington Post book section featured a review of They Knew They Were Right: The Rise of the Neocons by Jacob Heilbrunn and Liberal Fascism: The Secret History of the American Left From Mussolini to the Politics of Meaning by Jonah Goldberg.

2008: Super Bowl Sunday: In Super Bowl XLII, the New York Giants take on the New England Patriots who are owned by Jewish businessman and philanthropist Robert Kraft.

2009: Dr. Avi Bitzur, Israel's Director General of the Ministry, "gave details of the new Israeli campaign for compensation of seized property and assists as at a panel entitled 'A Matter of Historic Justice: Jewish Refugees From Arab Countries,' held at the Ninth Annual Herzliya Conference.

2009: The Yale Initiative for the Interdisciplinary Study of Anti-Semitism presents the second annual Professor William Prusoff Honorary Lecture, "1948 as Jihad" featuring Professor Benny Morris of Ben-Gurion University of the Negev.

2009: German Chancellor Angela Merkel issued a stern rebuke today to Pope Benedict XVI, accusing the Vatican of giving "the impression that Holocaust denial might be tolerated" by welcoming a disgraced bishop back into the church.

2009:Palestinian militants fired a long-range rocket from Gaza into the Israeli coastal city of Ashkelon today and Israel retaliated with airstrikes against smuggling tunnels and a Hamas outpost in southern Gaza, as Egyptian-brokered talks for a sustainable cease-fire continued in Cairo with no obvious progress. No injuries were reported on the Palestinian or Israeli side.But the rocket that fell near a clinic in central Ashkelon was an imported Katyusha, the first of that more powerful type since a tenuous calm took hold more than two weeks ago. It presented a new challenge to Israeli leaders ahead of elections next Tuesday and raised the possibility of a military escalation should the Egyptian initiative fail.“We promised peace and safety to those living in southern Israel, and we will deliver,” the Israeli defense minister, Ehud Barak, vowed Tuesday. Israel pulled its troops out of Gaza on Jan. 18, ending a devastating three-week offensive that Israel said had been primarily meant to deter such rocket attacks. Israel and Hamas, the Islamic group that rules Gaza, declared separate cease-fires. But tit-for-tat attacks have increased since Jan. 27, when Palestinian militants detonated a bomb that killed an Israeli soldier patrolling the border. Until today, the trickle of mostly homemade rockets fired into Israel had landed primarily in open areas close to the Gaza border. Ashkelon is a city of 120,000 people about 10 miles north of Gaza, on the Mediterranean coast. Hamas denies that it has been firing the rockets. The Gaza branch of Al Aksa Martyrs Brigades, a militia nominally affiliated with Hamas’s main rival, Fatah has claimed responsibility for some of the launchings. Others have been claimed by smaller groups, or have gone unclaimed.

2010: The 10th Annual Herzliya Conference is scheduled to come to a close.

2010: Maggie Anton, author of the trilogy about Rashi’s Daughters is scheduled to speak at Congregation Beth Shalom in Oak Park, Michigan.

2010: The Jewish Community Center of Northern Virginia is schedule to present “Taste of Israel: Ethnic Cooking at its Best” featuring six Israeli women from the Partnership Community of Beit Shemesh-Mateh Yehuda who will be at the JCCNV to cook foods from different origins including Morocco, Iraq, India, Kurdistan, Persia and Egypt.

2010: Elie Wiesel told Haaretz today that he is using his ties with world leaders and heads of state and appearing at international conferences to warn of Ahmadinejad's intentions. More than 40 Nobel Prize winners from various countries have added their signatures to a full-page ad denouncing Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad that is due to be published in The New York Times and International Herald Tribune in the next few days. The ad, initiated by 1986 Nobel Prize winner Elie Wiesel, condemns Iran's severe human rights violations and warns that Iran's nuclear program is a danger to humanity. The ad is part of Wiesel's worldwide campaign to raise awareness of the threat he says Ahmadinejad poses to world peace. "Governments must stop Ahmadinejad and put him on trial at the International Court of Justice in The Hague on charges of open incitement for genocide," he said. Wiesel blasted Judge Richard Goldstone, saying his report on the Israeli offensive in Gaza was "a crime against the Jewish people." Wiesel, who was deported from his hometown of Sighet in Transylvania to Auschwitz, is demanding Hungary open its Nazi-occupation era archives. This would expose the extent of the Hungarian police and army's persecution of the Jews, he said.

2010: The daily Dernieres Nouvelles d'Alsace reported today that Vandals have defiled a Jewish cemetery in the city of Strasbourg with swastikas and anti-Semitic slogans.  The swastikas were smeared on about 20 tombstones, while the German phrase 'Juden Raus' (Jews, get out) was scrawled elsewhere in the cemetery. Representative Council of Jewish Organizations in France, which reported the incident, told France Info radio that the vandalism appeared related to the ceremonies being held Wednesday in Europe to commemorate the 65th anniversary of the liberation of the Auschwitz extermination camp at the end of World War II.

2011: The Center for Jewish History and Leo Baeck Institute is scheduled to present: “Chamber Music of Schubert, Bach, Shostakovich, Rachmaninoff and Zaretsky” performed by the Phoenix Chamber Ensemble.

2011: Professor Jean Seaton is scheduled to deliver a lecture entitled “Reporting the Holocaust - As it was Happening” at the Wiener Library in London, UK. 

2011: Rep. Gabrielle Giffords, who is recovering from a bullet shot into her brain, will not be attending this year’s National Prayer Breakfast which is scheduled to take place today. Congresswoman Giffords had invited her rabbi, Stephanie Aaron of Congregation Chaverim, to attend the event with her.

2011: Police officers stumbled on a large stash of jugs and coins dating back from the Second Temple era in the Galilee village of Mazara today, during an arms raid.

2011: Rabbi Steven Kushner officiated at the funeral of Mitchell Reuben Perlmeter  at Temple Ner Tamid in Bloomfield, N.J. Perlmeter who passed away two days ago at the age of 17 was the son of two rabbis.

2012: IDF Chief of Staff Lt.-Gen Benny Gantz ordered a full inquiry into the incident that saw a soldier with the 188th Armored Brigade accidently left behind in the Palestinian village of Budrus.

2012: "The Zionist regime is a cancerous tumour and it will be removed," Teheran's Ayatollah Ali Khamenei said today. Khamenei addressed thousands of worshipers attending a Tehran University prayer service marking the Fajr celebration. The crowd met the statement by chanting "Death to Israel."

2012: Rabbi Alexander Goode, Reverend George Fox (Methodist), Reverend Clark Poling (Dutch Reformed) and Father John Washington (Roman Catholic) are remembered on Four Chaplain Day.

http://www.immortalchaplains.org/

2012: In Cedar Rapids, Temple Judah is scheduled to host another of its fabulously popular Friday Night Musical Shabbats

2012: Rabbi Arnold Resnicoff is scheduled to speak at Friday night services at Washington Hebrew Congregation as part of the commemoration of Four Chaplains Day.

2013: The New York Times features reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including the recently released paperback edition of The Lion Is In by Delia Ephron

2013: As part of the Temple Judah 90th anniversary celebration, historian Mark Hunter is scheduled to deliver an illustrated talk on the history of the Cedar Rapids Jewish Community.

2013: Rebekka Helford and Bruce Bierman are scheduled to lead the music and dancing at the Klezmer Jam Session and Dance hosted by The Talking Stick in Venice, CA.

2013: Final performance of “Not By Bread Alone” is scheduled to take place at the Skirball.

2013: Today marks the 70th anniversary of the sinking of the Dorchester, a U.S. Army transport ship, torpedoed by a German U-boat during World War II. During the sinking 4 chaplains, including Rabbi Alexander Goode sacrificed their lives to save others answering in the affirmative to the age old question of “Am I my brother’s keeper.” (Special thanks to the Jewish Historical Society of Greater Washington for assembling so much valuable information about this event)
http://campaign.r20.constantcontact.com/render?llr=nz5hiyn6&v=001w_-M_3FUdLfmI057ZYjIj8JFAAzKzljhO72c44ookapmKWBSa_puN0vuZkJiyB04yUE02ttGVQxMiyTbPtMxTK_PZ7CiOWoZ19jVv8jehqZeJi68KbKkdm7M5SkTt5jVOqV5DUoJ4VT3KhS8MKIsIjrkODxRz7M-aRIkY7VfRhCMsHDrP3Gk_Vk0yR-xfkdNIsZ5FMJ-aa-SChupjjnx2klGzFwMRTpULnMqrsvSaCxq6-E8Dlq4Bg%3D%3D

2013: Today, Israel’s army chief landed in the United States for talks with his American counterpart, amid tension with Syria following a reported Israel airstrike there last week. He arrived as Israel’s defense minister insisted that Israel “means what it says” about preventing advanced weaponry being moved into Lebanon as Bashar Assad’s regime in Damascus loses control. (As reported by Michal Shmulovich)

2013: As Americans watch the Super Bowl, this is the story of the commercial you will not see.
http://www.timesofisrael.com/refaelis-super-bowl-kiss-censored/

2014: An exhibit at La Galeria at Boricua College in Washington Heights featuring works from “Intermarriage” is scheduled to close today.

2014: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to host a panel discussion on “Iranian Jewish Identity.”

2014: The UK Jewish Film Festival is scheduled to “Lea and Daria,” a film about two Croatian “Shirley Temples

2014: According to reports first published today by Haaretz “Israel has offered Turkey twenty million dollars in compensation to the families of those killed and wounded in its 21o raid on a Gaza-bound flotilla.”

2014(3rdof Adar I, 5774): Eighty-seven year old Arthur Ortenberg, the husband and business partner of Liz Claiborne passed away today, (As reported by Doulas Martin)
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/05/business/arthur-ortenberg-a-liz-claiborne-founder-dies-at-87.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&_r=0

2014(3rdof Adar I, 5774): Sixty-four year old American born Professor Barry Rubin who was a “columnist and well-known expert on terrorism and the Middle East passed away today.(As reported by Stuart Winer)
http://www.timesofisrael.com/barry-rubin-columnist-and-mideast-expert-dies-at-64/

2014(3rdof Adar I, 5774): Ninety-two year old Professor Ezra Zohar, the physician who helped to found the School of Medicine at Tel Ave University passed away today.
http://www.jewishpost.com/archives/news/dr-ezra-zohar-is-israel-uncle-sams-concubine.html

2014(3rdof Adar I, 5774): Twenty-one year old Captain Tal Nahman was “killed today due to friendly fire near Gaza.”2015: “Ze’eva Cohen: Creating a Life in Dance” is scheduled to be shown at the Lincoln Center.

2015(14thof Shevat, 5775): Seventy-eight year old Sir Martin Gilbert,  the official biographer of Winston Churchill and author of 80 books who wrote meaningful history with the style of a novelist passed away today after an extended illness during which he was lovingly cared for by his wife, Lady Esther Gilbert.
https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/06/arts/martin-gilbert-churchill-biographer-with-a-populist-bent-is-dead-at-78.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0
http://www.martingilbert.com/

2015(14thof Shevat, 5774): Seventy-five year old theatre director Ike Schambelan, who created opportunities for “challenged” actors and actresses passed away today. (As reported by Bruce Weber)
https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/06/arts/ike-schambelan-director-who-brought-disabled-artists-to-the-stage-dies-at-75.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

2015: In Washington, DC, the Historic 6th& I Synagogue is scheduled to host a Tu B’Shvat Seder “featuring local soured snacks and dessert.”

2015: French-Israeli journalist Jonathan-Simon Sellem today “was invited at The Algemeiner Gala in New-York City, to receive a prize as one of the 2014 Top-100 people influencing positively Jewish life.

2015: At the Center for Jewish History Gina B. Nahal is scheduled to discuss her new novel, The Luminous Heart of Jonah S., about the experience of the Iranian Jewish community in the United States.

2016(24th of Shevat, 5776): Three terrorists murdered 19 year old Hadar Cohen, an Israeli security officer who was “interfering” with their apparent attempt to launch an attack on shoppers in and around the Damascus gate in Jerusalem.

2016: Rabbi Yosef Greenberg, the Chabad-Lubavitch from Anchorage, Alaska invoked the seven Noahide Commandments when he 19offered the opening prayer at the United States Senate in which he “prayed for the United States to lead in the fight against terrorism worldwide.”

2016: Professor Michael Walzer is scheduled to deliver a lecture on “Secular Revolutions and Religious Counter-Revolutions: The Case of Zionism” at Kol Shalom Congregation.

2016: “Pinchas Zukerman and the Zukerman Trio” are scheduled to appear the Kaufman Concert Hall.

 2016: The Oregon Jewish Museum and Center for Holocaust is scheduled to host an “Artist Talk Anika Smulovitz” in conjunction with “Pointing the Way” an “exhibit about ceremonial Torah pointers.

2017: Funeral services are scheduled to today at Chicago’s Emanuel Congregation for Rabbi Herman Schaalman.
http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/obituaries/ct-herman-schaalman-obit-met-20170201-story.html

2016: In “Gay Congregation Celebrates Its Identity With New Home in Manhattan” published today David W. Dunlap described the growth of Congregation Beit Simchat Torah
https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/04/nyregion/gay-congregation-celebrates-its-identity-with-new-home-in-manhattan.html?action=click&contentCollection=nyregion&module=NextInCollection&region=Footer&pgtype=article&version=column&rref=collection%2Fcolumn%2Fbuilding-blocks

2017: This afternoon, UKJF is scheduled to sponsor a screening of “Through the Wall,” Rama Burshtein’s comedic look at love in the Hasidic community of Tel Aviv.

2017: The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to host Friday night services and a Shabbat dinner followed by Rabbi Michael Rosenfeld-Schueler’s chavruta session.

2018: The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to continue Parent’s Shabbat that includes a Pirke Avot study session following Shabbat Luncheon.

2018: Yiddishkayt is scheduled to host the “West Coast premiere of ‘Art Is My Weapon,’ the inspiring cabaret showcasing the life and work of Dutch-Jewish anti-fascist performer Lin Jaldati at Genghis Cohen in Los Angeles.

2018(18thof Shevat, 5778): Parashat Yitro – including the revelation at Sinai, one of the most universally known of all Biblical stories; for more see http://downhomedavartorah.blogspot.com/

 

 

 

 

 

This Day, February 4, In Jewish History by Mitchell A. Levin

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February 4

211: The reign of Septimius Servus, the Roman emperor who outlawed conversions to both Judaism and Christianity in an attempt to unify his crumbling empire, came to an end.

362: Roman Emperor Julian promulgates an edict that recognizes equal rights to all the religions in the Roman Empire. Known as Julian the Apostate, Julian effectively undid the edicts of Constantine that had made Christianity the religion of the Roman Empire. He brought back the old religions of the Empire including those that were tied to Hellenism, the spiritual path that he favored.  Julian was sympathetic to the Jewish people and was prepared to rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem.  Unfortunately, he was murdered by a Christian Arab soldier who may have been angered by Julian’s decision to deny state support to Christianity.

1194: Richard The Lion Hearted bought his freedom by paying his ransom to Leopold, an Austrian Duke.  In collecting the ransom, the Jews were forced to pay 5,000 marks.  They were taxed at three times the rate as that paid by their Christian countrymen. 

1428(17th of Shevat): Purim of Sargosa

 1594: Sussex’s Men, an Elizabethan acting company performed Marlow’s “The Jew of Malta” today.

1616(16thof Shevat 5376): Samuel Pallache, a Moroccan Jewish merchant passed away in The Hague while serving as the diplomatic representative of the sultan Zidan Abu Maali in negotiations with the Dutch Republic designed to establish an alliance to fight their common enemy – Spain. Born in Fez in 1550, he was the son of a rabbi from Cordoba whose family had fled Spain following the Reconquista.

1657: Oliver Cromwell granted the right of residence in England to a Jew, Antonio Fernandez Carvajal. According to some, this is the earliest official British act of tolerance in favor of the Jews.

1657: Thomas Burton, an MP who was a comrade of Cromwell and kept a diary on the proceedings of Parliament wrote today that "The Jews, those able and general intelligencers whose intercourse with the Continent Cromwell had before turned to profitable account, he now conciliated by a seasonable benefaction to their principal agent [Carvajal] resident in England."

1683: Birthdate Judah Monis, the son of Portuguese conversos born in Algeria who would become the first college Hebrew instructor in North America and the author of the first Hebrew textbook published in North America.  The price of his position at Harvard would be conversion to Christianity; a price many others, such as James Schlesinger, would pay for academic advancement.

1689(14thof Shevat, 5449): Jerusalem chief rabbi Moses ben Jonathan Galante, the grandson of Moses Galante and the grandfather of Moses Hagis passed away today.

https://upclosed.com/people/moses-ben-jonathan-galante/

http://ascentofsafed.com/Stories/Stories/5760/103-03.html

1738(14thof Shevat, 5498): Joseph Süß Oppenheimer, a noted banker and court Jew was led to the gallows. He had been falsely accused of a variety of crimes and only “confessed” after being tortured. Even as he faced death by hanging, he refused to convert to Christianity, a move that might have saved his life. “Hanging inside a human-size cage, surrounded by a huge crowd of spectators, his last words - while a rope was tied around his neck - were those of the central prayer of Judaism, ‘Shema Yisrael.’"

1770: Abraham ben Uri Shraga “an upright and proper man…all his days” was buried at the Alderney Road Cemetery.

1782: Jewish physicians in Galicia were granted permission to treat Christian patients.

1788(24thof Tevet, 5548): Avrahom bar Baruch passed away today in the United Kingdom.

1789: George Washington was unanimously elected first President of the United States.  Because he was the first President, Washington’s actions set the tone for the new nation and for his predecessors.  Washington offered assurances to American Jews that they would enjoy full rights as citizens of the new republic where every man will sit under his fig tree and “none shall make him afraid.”

1792:  George Washington is unanimously elected to a second term as President of the United States by the U.S. Electoral College. Washington’s treatment of the Jews set a national tone that would help make the Jewish experience in America a unique one.

1800: Lewis Aarons married Abigail Barah at the Great Synagogue today.

1807: In France, The Great Sanhedrin, a creation of Napoleon Bonaparte, met at the Hotel de Ville in the City Hall of Paris.

1810(30th of Shevat): Rabbi Reuben Horowitz author of Dudaim ba-Sadeh passed away

1810: The Royal Navy seizes Guadeloupe.  At this time there were no Jews living on the Island. Jews were first recorded living in Guadeloupe in the late 14th century. In 1391, in a surge of anti-Jewish riots that began in Spain, the most of the Jews were murdered. The community, however, began to revive during the mid-15th century. In 1485, the local inquisitor, Nuño de Arévalo, forbid all Jews from living in Guadeloupe. Prior to the expulsion of the Jews from Spain and Portugal in 1492, the Jewish community sold the land of the old cemetery to the local bishop. Many Jews were forced into converting to Christianity; the Conversos in Guadeloupe lived together in a specified street in the former Jewish quarter. In 1489, two monks Diego de Marchena and García Capata, were burned at the stake for converting to Judaism. In 1654, three shiploads of Jewish refugees from Brazil settled in Guadeloupe. During that time, the Jews were welcomed by the French owner of the island. Even the capital of Guadalupe, Pointe-a-Pitre was named after a Brazilian Jew, called Pietre who started a fish processing plant in the city. The Jews established sugarcane plantations, which ultimately became the country’s leading export. In 1685, however, King Louis XIV issued “The Black Code” expelling all Jews from Guadeloupe.  During the latter part of the 20th century, many Jews began to arrive from North Africa and France. In 1988, the Jewish community consecrated the first synagogue in Guadeloupe, Or Sameah. Later the congregation added a Talmud Torah, community center, kosher store, and Jewish cemetery. Today, approximately 50 Jews live in Guadeloupe.

1815(24thof Shevat, 5575): Seventy-one year old Italian poet Solomon Fiorentino, the father of Angiolo Fiorentino passed away today at Florence.

1816: In Trieste Isacco Morpugro and Regina Parente gave birth to the banker Giuseppe Morpurgo the husband of Elisa Morpurgo.

1829: Michael Coleman married Harriet Phillips at the Great Synagogue today.

1835: In Charleston, SC, Dr. B.A. Rodrigues married Cecilia Solomon this evening.

1836: Dade County, Florida is formed. According to 2000 census data, Dade County, which includes Miami, had a Jewish population in excess of 125,000 souls. The vibrant Jewish community there has far too many institutions, organizations and cultural events to list here. 

1838: Together with a dedicated group of Philadelphia Jewish women, Rebecca Gratz established the first Jewish Sunday School.
http://jwa.org/thisweek/feb/04/1838/rebecca-gratz

1842:  Birthdate of George Morris Cohen Brandes, influential Danish literary critic and historian.  “Poor is the power of the lead that becomes bullets compared to the power of the hot metal that becomes type.”

1848(30th of Shevat, 5608): Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1852: Over eight hundred people attended the annual Ball of the Jew’s Hospital that was held this with the proceeds of the event providing funds to maintain this medical facility.

1854:  It was today reported that the population of Cape Town, South Africa, totaled 30,000 of which 3,000 were either Jews or Moslems.

1855: Nahum J. Steiner, "a converted Jew who has been laboring for several years among the Jews" of New York City was scheduled to give an address tonight at the Stanton Street Baptist Church entitled "Israel's Return and The Future Glory of the Messiah."  [Early attempts to convert Jews in America to Christianity were largely unsuccessful.  For those who did not want to remain Jewish, it was easy enough in America's fluid environment to just being a Jew without taking any formal action.]

1855:  Soldiers shot Jewish families in Coro, Venezuela.

1859: The Codex Sinaiticus is discovered in Egypt. The Codex was one of several ancient texts or resources discovered starting at the end of the 18thcentury and continuing into the 20th century including the Rosetta Stone, the Cairo Genizah and the Dead Sea Scrolls that shed light on ancient civilizations. They gave Jewish scholars a better understanding of the ancient Israelites and the Biblical text which are the cornerstone of Jewish faith and culture.

1863(15thof Shevat, 5623): Tu B’Shevat

1863: During the Civil War, three Jews went on trial before Judge Peabody in New Orleans, LA.  They had been seized by Union authorities while crossing Lake Pontchatrain headed to Rebel held territory in a boat loaded with medicines and letters from several leading citizens in New Orleans.  The Judge delayed passing sentence on the accused until the letter writers had been arrested per the order of General Nathanial Banks.

1864: Twenty-six year old Lyon Levy Emanuel, the native of Philadelphia and brother of Dr. Louis Manly Emanuel, began serving as a Captain with Company of the 88thRegiment.

1864: Union General Benjamin Butler, one of those chosen for his political clout and not his military acumen, replied to a complaint from N.S. Isaacs over the general’s use of the term “Jews” when describing the capture five people trying to smuggle supplies to the Rebels.  The General said that he used the term without thinking and was merely dictating from the dispatches submitted by his subordinate. He used the term Jews as he would Germans, Italians or Irish men i.e. a term of nationality not religion. While appearing to defend himself of a charge of being an anti-Semite the General wrote, I “have always considered the Jews a nationality, although possessing no country. The closeness with which they cling together, the aid which they afford each other, on all proper, and sometimes improper occasions, the fact that nearly all of them pursue substantially the same employment, so far as I have, known them -- that of traders, merchants, and bankers -- the very general obedience to the prohibition against marriage with Gentiles, their faith, which looks forward to the time when they are to be gathered together in the former land of their nation, -- all serve to show a closer the of kindred and nation among the Hebrews, and a greater homogeneity than belongs to any other nation, although its people live in closer proximity. So that while I disclaim all indention of any reflection upon, their national religion, which was the foundation and typical of that of the Christian World, and, holding to the doctrines of Christianity with reverence for the Savior, no one can stigmatize all Jews -- yet one may be reasonably permitted in speaking of that nation, to suppose there may be in all the Jaws of the South, two of whom certainly are in the Confederate Cabinet, at least five, who might attempt to carry on a contraband trade. Because, it may be reverently remembered that when, the Savior, aided by Omniscience, undertook to choose twelve confidential friends from among that nation, he got one that "was a thief and had a devil." 

1870: In London, L.B. Abrahams, the Welsh born Head Master of the Jews’ Free School and his wife gave birth to Bertram Abrahams the University College graduate, Assistant Physician at Westminster Hospital and Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians wh wrote “The Principles of Pathology.”

1871: Eighty-five year old Hermann, Fürst von Pückler-Muskau who met Rabbi Moses Sachs in Tunis in 1835 and was so impressed with him and his plan to settle Jews in Palestine that he arranged for him to meet with Baron Salomon Mayer von Rothschild of Vienna passed away today.

1874(17thof Shevat, 5634): Yakir Gueron, the sixth member of his family to serve as the rabbi in Andrianpole who had resigned his position two years ago passed away today in Jerusalem.

1874: It was reported today that the Hebrew Young Ladies’ Charitable Union will sponsor a dramatic performance at the Lyceum Theatre in New York in order to raise funds for the Home of Aged Hebrews.

1875: The Downtown Hebrew Ladies’ Benevolent Society – Mothers of Israel – will sponsor its first annual festival ball this evening at Turner Hall in New York City.

1876: In Kings County, New York, the trial of P.N. Rubenstein who has been charged with murdering his cousin Sara Alexander heard testimony from several witnesses including the defendant’s brother, Louis.

1877: It was reported today that the in New York, the Purim Association will celebrate the festival this year with a Calico Masked Reception at Delmonico’s.  The event is a fund raiser and attendance will be limited by the number of tickets available.

1877: It was reported today that the Ladies’ Bikur Cholim Society of the School of Industry will host an event on February 15th at Ferrero’s Assembly Rooms in New York. [Editor’s Note – Bikur cholim refers to the mitzvah of visiting the sick.  Societies to further that goal have been a part of Jewish communal life since the Middle Ages.]

1877: “Compassionate Israel” published today described the manner in which the Jewish community cares for the less unfortunate including the creation of the Hebrew United Charities, the building of the Jew’s Hospital now known as Mt. Sinai and the opening of the Aged and Infirm Hebrews on the grounds of what used to be the Astor estate.

1879: William Henry Waddington, who had expressed his support “large-scale Jewish settlement in Palestine” in a letter to the Sultan began serving as French Prime Minister.

1879: It was reported today that among the private institutions caring for New York’s impoverished orphans that are receiving public funds as proscribed by law is the Hebrew Orphan Asylum which is scheduled to received $32,450 to help toward the care of 295 youngsters

1884: Leaders of the New York Jewish community met at the Nineteenth-Street Jewish Synagogue to discuss plans for commemorating the upcoming 100th birthday of Sir Moses Montefiore with a permanent monument.  Projects under consideration including building housing for poor Jews, a reformatory and a mission designed to provide education for recent Russian immigrants.

1887: Birthdate of Morris Pozen, the native of Elizabethgrad who came to the United States where earned a BS and PhD from George Washington University after which he pursued a career in the fields of “brewing and food-chemistry.”

1899: Birthdate of New York native Nathan Peyser, the holder of a Ph.D. from NYU who served as Principal of P.S. in Easter Harlem and P.S. 181 in Brooklyn who championed having the public schools serve as “center of the community” in the fight to prevent delinquency among the city’s youth.

1890: The sale of boxes for the 29th annual ball sponsored by the Purim Association which will be held next month took place this evening at Temple Emanu-El in New York City.

1891: The trustees of the fund which was created with money donated by Baron de Hirsch met at the home of Jesse Seligman where they re-elected their old officers and finalized the method for gaining access to the Baron’s largesse which help Jewish immigrants to pursue occupations other than peddlers such as mechanics or farmers.

1892: During an address by American author and journalist Poultney Bigelow on the persecution of “Christian Jews” in which he described the Czar as “a kindly man” a Russian Jew named Copik rose from the audience and said “that the Czar was a savage and a tyrant” and went to provide several examples based on his personal experience.

1892: The will of the late Benjamin Russak was filed for probate in the Surrogate’s office in New York City.  “The estate is valued at about a million dollars.”

1892: The Chamber of Commerce met today in New York City in an attempt to raise funds to alleviate the Russians who are suffering through a famine.  Jewish members expressed their support for raising the money but expressed concern that raising such funds would express approval for the government of the Czar which was persecuting their Russian co-religionists.

1893: It was reported today that the late Simon Davidson has bequeathed $500 to Mount Sinai Hospital.  He also “returned six buildings and the loan bonds for $1,000 which he held against” the Hebrew Benevolent Orphan Asylum to that institution.

1894(Shevat 28): Louis Lewandowski, the first Jew to be admitted to the Berlin Academy of Arts passed away

1894: It was reported today, that after police drove 250 unemployed Jews from the steps of St. Paul’s Cathedral, they regrouped at Trafalgar Square, “where an impromptu meeting was held.”

1898: During the Dreyfus Affair, the French Army High Command brings an action of criminal libel against Emile Zola for his accusations of knowing collaboration on the part of the French general staff in convicting Dreyfus based on false information.

1899: Among the 150,000 forces present to suppress the Insurrection that began today  in the Philippine’s is Joseph M Heller who was assigned as a surgeon to a battalion of the 24th U.S. Infacntry

1899: In New York, the Shaaray Tefila Young People’s Association hosted an evening of entertainment in the lecture room of the congregation located on West 82ndStreet.

1900: “The Jewish Historical Society of England created an ‘Education and Publication Committee’” today.

1900(5th of Adar I, 5660): Rabbi Jacob Aron Mendes Chumaceiro of Amsterdam passes away at the age of 67.

1900(5th of Adar I, 5660): Rabbi Israel Benamozegh at Leghorn passed away at the age of 76.

1901(15thof Shevat, 5661): Tu Bishvat

1901(15thof Shevat, 5661): Jacob Plautt of Hamburg who passed away today in Nice “left 20,000 francs for the benefit of police officers” injured in the line of duty, 10,000 francs each to the Jewish Refuge at Plessis Piquet, the Alliance Israelite and the School Elisa Lemonnier and 5,000 francs to the Jewish Philantrhopic Union.

1902:  Birthdate of Charles Lindbergh, the “Lone Eagle,” the first person to fly across the Atlantic from New York to Paris.  Unfortunately, Lindbergh’s skill as an aviator surpassed his political aptitude. “As World War II began, Lindbergh became a prominent speaker in favor of non-intervention, going so far as to recommend that the United States negotiate a neutrality pact with Germany during his January 23, 1941 testimony before Congress. At an America First rally in Des Moines, Iowa, on September 11, 1941, he made a speech titled "Who Are the War Agitators?" in which he claimed that Americans had solidly opposed entering the war when it began, and that three groups had been "pressing this country toward war" -- the Roosevelt Administration, the British, and theJews, and complained about what he insisted was the Jews'"large ownership and influence in our motion pictures, our press, our radio and our government." He made clear however his opposition to anti-Semitism, stating that "All good men of conscience must condemn the treatment of the Jews in Germany", further advising "Instead of agitating for war, the Jewish groups in this country should be opposing it in every possible way for they will be among the first to feel its consequences. Tolerance is a virtue that depends upon peace and strength. History shows that it cannot survive war and devastation."

1902: Fifty-six year old Hermann Wolf passed away in Berlin
http://en.tchaikovsky-research.net/pages/Hermann_Wolff

1903:  Birthdate of famed mathematician Sir Alexander Oppenheimer. Interestingly enough, even though Oppenheimer was born in Salford, Lancashire it is reported that his first language was Yiddish. After graduating from Oxford in 1927, he earned PhD from the University of Chicago in 1930. After a year of lecturing at Edinburgh University, he accepted a professorship at the Raffles College, Singapore. During the war he was a prisoner at the Changi camp. After the war he returned to Raffles College, retiring in 1967. He then became a professor at Reading University (1966-68) and head of the mathematics departments of the University of Ghana (1968-73) and Benin, Nigeria (1973-77). He passed away in 1997.

1903: Birthdate of Alexander Imich “a Polish born American chemist, parapsychologist, and writer, who was the president of the Anomalous Phenomena Research Center in New York City
http://www.jewishpress.com/sections/features/meeting-alexander-imich-111-years-old/2014/02/28/

1906:  Today, Rabbi Joseph Krauskopf, the founder and President of the National Farm School said, "Happiness is never a product of external treasure. It can only spring from within, from a clean heart, from a pure conscience."

1906: During his lecture on “Liberty” at Cooper Union, Rev. Dr. Thomas R. Slicer said “It is a foolish thing for Russian Jews in America and England to be should for freedom for their people at home when a rich Jew lends money to Russia for a war loan.”

1908: Birthdate of trumpeter Emmanuel "Manny" Klein.
http://www.allmusic.com/artist/manny-klein-mn0000539790/biography

1909: In Chicago, Alfred Samuel Alschuler, Sr. and his wife, the former Rose Haas, the noted child education and Zionist, gave birth to Marian Frances Despres

1912: In Vienna Ludwig Julius and Charlotte Loebl Leinsdorf gave birth to conductor Erich Leinsdorf.
http://www.nytimes.com/1993/09/12/obituaries/erich-leinsdorf-81-a-conductor-of-intelligence-and-utility-is-dead.html

1913: The Executive Committee of New Jersey Conference of Charities and Correction to which Newark Rabbi, Solomon Foster had been re-elected to as a member came to a close today at Plainfield, NJ.

1913: Former Harvard football coach and U.S. Congressman Lucius Nathan Littauer “and his brother William were convicted of smuggling and conspiracy to defraud after he admitted to importing valuable jewels from Venice worth in excess of $40,000 without paying the necessary duty.”

1913: Nora Funkenstein is scheduled to play a piano solo at today’s meeting of the Ladies Society of B’nai Sholom Temple Israel.

1914(8thof Shevat, 5674): Fifty-five year old Romanian born Yiddish comedian and actor Sigmund Mogulesko passed away today.
http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9F0DE4D71F3BE633A25756C0A9649C946596D6CF

1915(20thof Shevat, 5675): Fifty year old David Blutreich, the Secretary of the 50,000 member Federation of Galician Jews in America who came to the United States ten years ago passed away from heart disease while at his office at 273 East Houston Street.

1915:  Dr. Joseph Goldberger began his experiments on prison volunteers in Jackson, Mississippi in order to find the cause of the deadly disease pellagra.  He proved that pellagra is caused by poor diet and launched the biological age of nutrition research which linked diseases with a lack of essential vitamins.

1915:  Turkish troops attempt to cross the Suez Canal as part of plans to start an anti-British uprising in Egypt and close the vital waterway connecting India with the British Isles.  The seriousness of the attack will lead to an aggressive campaign that will ultimately end with the British in control of Eretz Israel.

1915: “To Send Food to Palestine” published today described the work of The Provisional Executive Committee for General Affairs is doing to arrange for sending “a shipload of food to Palestine” after receiving a cable from the American Ambassador at Constantinople describing a report from the American Counsel at Jerusalem “that it is impossible to obtain coffee, tea, sugar, rice or flour at any price.”

1915: “Tells of Russian’s Murder of Jews” published today, provides information first appearing in The American Hebrew from “Dr. Arthur Levy, a rabbi serving with the German in the campaign against Russia who sets for in great detail a list of pogroms and murders, with many deeds of unmentionable outrage which, he says, were committed by the Russians against the Jewish population in recent weeks of war”

1916: Among the contributions reported today by the American Jewish Relief Committee were $100 from Congregation Beth Israel in Washington, DC; $100 from the Dubuque, Iowa, Hebrew Relief Association, $100 from the American Jewish Relief Committee in Chattanooga, TN and $240 from Hirsch Manischewitz of Cincinnati, Ohio.”

1916: Felix Warburg the Treasurer of the American Jewish Relief Committee “received a check for $835.50, the amount collected by Miss Esther Labold and Mrs. Shapiro of Portsmouth, Ohio” which was “entirely collected” from “non-Jews.”

1916(30thof Shevat, 5676): Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1916: While serving with the Royal Army Medical Corps, Hyman Lightstone of Montreal, received he Military Cross today.

1916: The People’s Relief Committee which “is raising funds for the relief of the millions of Jews made destitute through the war in Europe” “announced today that it would hold a bazaar and fair” next month.

1916: The committee raising funds for the Jewish war suffers announced today that the demand for seats at the upcoming mass meeting in Brooklyn has been so great “that the music hall of the Brooklyn Academy of Music has been engaged for an overflow meeting.”

1917: It was reported today that according to a report received from Abram I. Elkus, the American Ambassador at Constantinople, the Jewish Orphanage at Chichli has received £25 for shoes and clothing.

1917: The campaign of the Brooklyn Jewish Volunteer Relief Committee which has a goal of raising $200,000 for the relief of Jews in war-torn Europe is scheduled to come to an end tonight.

1917: J. Shreve Durham, the General Superintendent of the Home Visitation Committee expressed his approval of the cooperation shown by Catholics, Protestants and Jews who took part in today’s effort to compile figures for a religious census in New York City.

1918: The American Jewish Relief Committee announced today that it has received almost $15,000 in additional contributions for its $10,000,000 fund.

1918: Today the Independent Order of B’nai B’rith met for the final day of its annual convention during which it passed resolutions supporting the government’s war aims and calling upon all members to support the conservation measures that are part of the war effort.

1918: A Cincinnati firm that supplies about 65% per cent of the Jews in America with Matzah, today asked Food Administrator Herbert Hoover “to permit bakes of unleavened Passover bread to get sufficient flour to meet the requirements of the Jews.”

1918: The Palestine Restoration Fund announced that to date it has raised almost $700,000, including a $25,000 contribution of $25,000 from Albert H. Loeb of Chicago.

1919: While the world waits for a final peace settlement ending the World War the Imperial Ottoman Banks Bank of London is preparing to resume payments who are “not enemies or who are not the allies of enemies” to “residents in those portion of Palestine and Syria” that are under control of the British Imperial forces.

1919: It was reported today that a $20,000 check from the Phelps-Dodge Corporation was “the first contribution from a New York corporation” made to the Committee for Relief in the Near East which is working to proving “immediate relief to the sufferers in the Holy Land” i.e. Palestine.

1920(15thof Shevat, 5680): Tu B’Shevat

1920: The funeral of Louis Seide, a member of the Knights of Pythias is scheduled to take place at the Rothschild’s Chapel on Lenox Avenue this morning.

1920: The funeral of Mae Reichman, the wife of Samuel Reichman is scheduled to take place this afternoon at the home of her parents Mr. and Mrs. Goldberger on East 165thStreet.

1921: At a conference in Salonica, Greek Zionists adopt a resolution stating that Jewish education at the Alliance Israelite Universelle schools is not in tune with their national views and aspirations.

1921: It was reported today that “during the month of January, the papers on ‘Judaism and Our Youth’ by Mrs. Max L. Margolis of Philadelphia and on ‘Social Effort in America for Assimilation of the Immigrant’ by Mrs. W.D. Sporborg of New York were read the regular meeting of the Baltimore and San Francisco sections” of the Council of Jewish Women.

1921: Birthdate of Betty Naomi Goldstein, the Jewess from Peoria, Illinois, who would gain fame as BettyFriedan author of The Feminine Mystique.

1922: Birthdate of New York native and award winning broadcast journalist Bernard Kalb, the older brother of Marvin Kalb with whom he co-authored a book on Henry Kissinger and who resigned as Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs “to protest what he called "the reported disinformation program" conducted by the Reagan Administration against the Libyan leader Col. Muammar al-Gaddafi.

1922: “Radio Operators Hear a Good Concert” published today in the Bridgeport (CT) Telegram described a recent radio broadcast that including songs sung by Eddie Cantor.

1923: Louis “Gruenberg conducted the American premiere of Pierrot Lunaire by Arnold Schoenberg as a member of the International Composers' Guild.”

1923: The Turks “interrupted” the conference at Lausanne, Switzerland, where the Allies and Ottomans were meeting to bring a formal end to World War I.

1924: In the same year that he founded Sam Ash Music Corporation, 27 year old Sam Ash married 21 Rose Dinn

1925: In Brooklyn, Harry and Henriette Koeppel Karnow gave birth to Stanley Karnow, “the Pulitzer Prize-winning historian and journalist who produced acclaimed books and television documentaries about Vietnam and the Philippines…” (As reported by Robert D. McFadden)
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/28/arts/television/stanley-karnow-historian-and-journalist-dies-at-87.html

1927: In Basel, Marcus Cohn, a leader of the Swiss Zionist movement and his wife gave birth to Oscar award winning movie producer Arthur Cohn, the grandson of Arthur Cohn, the chief rabbi of Basel.

1927: “The Jazz Singer,” the first talking motion picture, starring Al Jolson, was released.

1927: Twenty-four year old bantam weight Charley Phil Rosenberg won his 15 round championship bout today but lost the title because he was over the weight for his class.

1929: “The Man with the Frog” a silent film with much by Artur Guttman was released in Germany today.

1930: “People on Sunday,” a silent film “directed by Curt and Robert Siodmak with a screenplay by Billy Wilder and Robert Siodmak which was produced by Edgar G. Ulmer was released in Germany today.

1931: In Philadelphia, PA, David and Rose Feinstein gave birth to Barry Feinstein, “a photographer who chronicled the lives of seminal rock ’n’ roll stars of the 1960s, and who was perhaps best known for the stark portrait of Bob Dylan on the cover of the 1964 album “The Times They Are A-Changin’.” (As reported by Paul Vitello

1932: The 1932 Winter Olympics in which speed skater Irving Jaffee would win two gold medals, opened today in Lake Placid.

1932(27thof Shevat, 5692): Sixty-five year old Max Leopold Margolis passed away today.
https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0013_0_13280.html
http://www.ajcarchives.org/AJC_DATA/Files/1933_1934_5_SpecialArticles.pdf

1933: Eighty-seven year old Archibald Henry Sayce, the Professor of Assyriology at Oxford whose works included The Chronology of the Bible Connected with Contemporaneous Events in the History of Babylonians, Assyrians and Egyptians, Introduction to the Books of Ezra, Nehemiah and Esther, The Life and Times of Isaiah, Patriarchal Palestine, The Egypt of the Hebrews and Herodotus, Early History of the Hebrews and Israel and the Surrounding Nations, passed away today.
http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9D0DE1D7173EEF33A25751C2A9629C94659ED7CF

1933: In Tel Aviv, Eliyahu Golomb, one of the early leaders of the Haganah and his wife gave birth to David Golomb, Israeli political leader and Knesset member. 

1935(1st of Adar I, 5695): Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1935(1stof Adar I, 5695): Fifty-five year old, Nathan Mileikowsky, the Lithuanian born rabbi who made Aliyah in 1920 and was the patriarch of the Netanyahu clan that included his son historian Benzion and grandsons Benjamin and Yonatan of blessed memory, passed away today.

1936: In Philadelphia, PA, vaudevillian Louis Brenner and his wife gave birth to comedian David Brenner.
http://news.yahoo.com/comedian-david-brenner-tonight-favorite-dies-222814425.html

1936: Bronislaw Humberman, a prominent Polish violinist announced this afternoon that a symphony orchestra is being formed in Palestine that will be known as the Palestine Orchestra Association. Many of those in the orchestra will be residents or former residents of Germany who cannot work that Nazi nation.  Huberman reported $25,000 has already been contributed to help the orchestra with its initial organizational activities.

 1936: David Frankfurter, a Jewish Yugoslav medical student, killed the Swiss Nazi Gauleiter Wilhelm Gustoff. Though the German government demanded the death penalty, he was sentenced to eighteen years. Some historians believe that his action served as a model for Hershel Grynzpan whose assassination was used by the Nazi party for an all-out attack on Jewish property and synagogues known as Kristallnacht.

1937: “White Cargo” directed by Robert Siodmak, produced by Seymour Nebenzal and with music by Paul Dessau was released in France today.

1938: Two months after premiering at the Cathay Circle Theatre, Walt Disney’s “Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs” which animator David Hilberman helped to create was released today in the rest of the United States.

1938: Tonight in Vienna, Nazis youths smashed windows in shops owned by Jews and “threw a burning gasoline container” into a synagogue while people were attending services.

1938: New income tax regulations issued by the German government today ended the income tax reduction for Jewish children while keeping the reduction for Aryan families.

1938: “The Goldwyn Follies” produced by Samuel Goldwyn, written by Ben Hecht, co-starring the Ritz Brothers, with music by George Gershwin was released in the United States today.

1938: “Everybody Sing” a musical comedy co-starring Fanny Brice, produced by Harry Rapf and photographed by cinematographer Joseph Ruttenberg was released today in the United States.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that Mordechai Nahman, a Jewish guard at the Shell Bridge in Haifa, was stabbed and badly injured by two Arabs, who succeeded in escaping.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that Dr. Chaim Weizmann, upon his departure for England, stressed the Yishuv's and world Jewry need for unity, and said that some people "can only succeed in placing obstacles on our path, but they will never stop our work."

1939: Martha and Waitstill Sharp set sail for Europe today in the first step of their plan to help rescue Jews in Europe.  The behavior of these two quintessential WASPS (he was a Unitarian minister who traced his lineage back to the original settlers of New England) defies logic and serve as a reminder of the good truly religious people can in the world.  They have been honored as Righteous Among the Nations by Yad Vashem.

1939(15thof Shevat, 5699): Parashat Beshalach and Tu B’Shevat

1939: Rabbi Nathan A. Peulman is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “How Israel Can Survive the World” at Temple Emanu-El.

1939: Rabbi William F. Rosenblum is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “The Jewish Life” this morning at Temple Israel.

1939: Rabbi Louis I. Newman is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “Hitler’s Speech and Democracy’s Answer” this morning at Temple Rodeph Sholom.

1939: As part of the “observance of the Jewish New Year of the Trees” that coincided with Shabbat today, Rabbi Alexander Segel is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “Blessed Be the Planters” at the Fort Washington Synagogue.

1939: Rabbi Harold H. Maischioff is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “A Prelude to Freedom” at the Temple of the Covenant.

1939: Rabbi Jonah B. Wise is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “The Tree and Its Maker” at the Central Synagouge.

1939(15th of Shevat, 5699): Fifty-five year old Edward Sapir, the son of a rabbi who gained fame as an anthropological linguist while teaching at the University of Chicago and Yale.
http://anthropology.columbia.edu/department-history/edward-sapir

1941: As they made their way to Palestine, artist Marcel Janco who co-invented Dadaism and his family arrived Turkey having left Romania following the Bucharest Pogrom of January, 1941.

1941: In response to a request from President Franklin D. Roosevelt to provide morale and recreation services to uniformed military personnel six civilian agencies including the National Jewish Welfare Board formed the United Service Organization popularly known as the USO.

1942: Reverend Chait of the Army Jewish Chaplaincy visited Isidore Newman who was in the hospital recovering from the effects of having broken a leg during SOE parachute training in Scotland.

1943(29th of Shevat, 5703): The Germans killed Eberson, Buber, Kimmelman, and Chigier four of the remaining 12 members of the Jewish Council of Lvov. Six others were sent to Janawska concentration camp.

1945: This afternoon, a British constable was seized by a shark while he was swimming in the Mediterranean off the coast of Tel Aviv.  “A passing RAF pilot saw the commotion in the water beneath him and dipped down to investigate.  The roar of the motors frightened the shark away and the constable swam to shore safely.”

1946: The Anglo-American Palestine Inquiry Commission is scheduled to leave for Germany today to begin a month’s study of the Jewish situation in Europe. 

1946: Garson Kanin’s “Born Yesterday” starring Judy Holliday premiered on Broadway at the Lyceum Theatre.

1947:  “My Brother Talks to Horses” directed by Fred Zinneman and produced by Samuel Marx was released in the United States today.

1949: At a public meeting David Ben-Gurion stressed the need for a ‘partnership’ between the state of Israel and the Jews of the Diaspora.

1950: The Andrews Sisters version of “I Can Dream, Can’t I?,” “a popular song written by Sammy Fain with lyrics by Irving Kahal completed its run as the “U.S. Billboard Best Sellers in Stores number-one single.”

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that a train was derailed north of Kalkilya, as the result of a carefully planned operation by Jordanian saboteurs who blew up a section of track opposite Tulama village. The line was later repaired and reopened, but only after military attaches of foreign embassies visited the site. Israel submitted another complaint on Jordanian infiltration to the Mixed Israeli-Jordanian Armistice Commission.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that a Farm Settlement Bill passed its first reading in the Knesset.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that The High Court upheld the Interior Ministry's order closing the Communist daily Kol Ha'am for 10 days for endangering the public peace by publication of articles justifying the current Soviet anti-Semitic and anti-Israeli propaganda, lies and fabrications.

1956: Birthdate of Kati Marton “an American author and journalist. Her career has included reporting for ABC News as a foreign correspondent and National Public Radio, where she started as a production assistant 1971 in her 20s, as well as print journalism and writing a number of books.She is the former chairwoman of the International Women's Health Coalition, and a director (former chairwoman) of the Committee to Protect Journalists and other bodies including the International Rescue Committee, Human Rights Watch and the New America Foundation. She has received several honors for her reporting, including the 2001 Rebekah Kohut Humanitarian Award by the National Council of Jewish Women, the 2002 Matrix Award for Women Who Change the World, the George Foster Peabody Award (presented to WCAU-TV, Philadelphia in 1973) and the Commander's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary—the country's highest civilian honor. Marton is also a recipient of The International Center in New York's Award of Excellence. Marton was born in Hungary, the daughter of UPI reporter Ilona Marton and award-winning AP reporter Endre Marton. Her parents survived the Holocaust of World War II but never spoke about it. Her parents served nearly two years in prison on false charges of espionage for the U.S. and Kati and her older sister were placed in the care of strangers. Raised a Roman Catholic, she only learned late in life and by accident from a third party that her grandparents were Jews who were murdered at Auschwitz concentration camp. Among the many honors her parents received for their reporting on the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 was the George Polk Award. The family ultimately fled Hungary following the revolution and settled in Chevy Chase, Maryland, where Marton attended Bethesda Chevy Chase High School.

1956: Sixty-eight year old Savielly Tartakower the Polish and French chess grandmaster whose parent were killed in a pogrom in Rostov-on-Dov despite having convert Christianity, passed away today.

1957: “Miss Peach” a comic strip created by Mell Lazarus appeared in the New York Herald Tribune for the first time today.

1957: Reinhold Niebuhr expressed his views on the Jewish state in “Our Stake in the State of Israel” which was published today.
http://www.newrepublic.com/book/review/our-stake-in-the-state-israel

1959: For the first times since ancient times, Israel began exporting copper ore from the King Solomon mines.

1959: In Camden, NJ, the Beth-El Men’s Club presented a musical program honoring Cantor Louis J. Herman that included a performance by the Beth-El Choral group accompanied by pianist Mrs. Herbert Solomon.

1959: “Black Orchard” a love story directed by Martin Ritt was released in the United States today.

1960: Birthdate of Los Angeles native Jenette Elise Goldstein, the actress best known for her role in the sci-fi thriller “Aliens.”

1962: Birthdate of Ethan Berkowitz, a leader of the Democratic Party in Alaska.

1962: Eighty-nine year old French historian Daniel Halévy, the son Ludovic Halevy who had converted to Christianity and who went from being a supporter of Dreyfus to a supporter of Petain’s pro-Nazi Vichy government passed away today.
http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/25086922?sid=21105777943973&uid=2129&uid=70&uid=2&uid=4

1966: In Tel Aviv, the offices of Zim Shipping Company on Rothschild Boulevard “burned down in of the biggest fires in Israeli history.”

1966: “The Ugly Dachshund” starring Suzanne Pleshette premiered in the United States today.

1967(24thof Shevat, 5727): Czech born Stephen Roth Jewish cartoonist passed away
http://www.cartoons.ac.uk/artists/stephenroth/biography
https://www.google.com/search?q=stephen+roth+cartoonist&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=AP7uUqjmCImuyQGK_4GQBg&ved=0CEAQsAQ&biw=922&bih=496
http://www.wienerlibrary.co.uk/Wit's_End

1968: At sundown, Israeli forces ended their search for the INS Dakar.

1968(5thof Shevat, 5728): Eighty-nine year old Judge Jacob Panken passed away today.
http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=980CE6DF1138E134BC4D53DFB4668383679EDE
http://www.jta.org/1968/02/06/archive/judge-jacob-panken-pioneer-in-jewish-labor-movement-dead-at-89

1969: Birthdate of Leah Gloldstein, the native of Vancouver who moved to Israel where she spent 9 years in the Israeli commandos and secret police, won the 1989 World Bantamweight Kickboxing Championship, and was Israel's Duathlon champion.
http://leahgoldstein.com/

1969: Yasser Arafat takes over as chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization. Arafat was committed to a Palestinian state from the “River to the Sea.”  Despite all of the grins and handshakes associated with the Oslo Agreements, Arafat’s behavior at and after the Camp David Peace Talks sponsored by President Clinton proved that he really never deviated from this goal.

1970: “Start the Revolution Without Me” a comedy set in the French Revolution directed and produced by Bud York and starring Gene Wilder was released in the United States today.

1973: Israel unveiled the Reshef, its newest missile boat.

1976: U.S. premiere of “Next Stop Greenwich Village,” a film about “a young Jewish boy from Brooklyn who has dreams of stardom” written, directed and produced by Paul Mazursky, co-starring Shelly Winters and Ellen Greene and featuring  Jeff Goldblum/

1986: Israeli fighters intercepted a Libyan passenger plane.

1971: In Los Angeles, former D.A. Gil Garcetti and Sukey Roth, daughter of Harry Roth, a Jewish immigrant from Russia who founded the clothing brand Louis Roth& amp; Co gave birth to Eric Garcetti, the 42nd Mayor of Los Angeles.

1979: Birthdate of Topeka, Kansas native and MacArthur Fellow Benjamin “Ben” Lerner, the poet and English professor at Brooklyn College.

1983: “The Entity” a horror film starring Barbara Hershey was released today in the United States.

1987: Marcel Marceau performs before a crowd of 2,074 fans in Iowa City, IA.

1988: Jozef Gierowski, the scholar, who heads the Research Center of Jewish History at the Jagiellonian University in Cracow, said at a dinner tonight that Poland will soon acknowledge ''political error'' in 1967-68, when thousands of Jews were purged from the Communist Party.

1988: A four-day conference, sponsored by the Hebrew University Center for Research on the History and Culture of Polish Jews attended by 300 scholars including more than 80 Polish scholars came to an end. The 150 presentations given during the conference encompassed the entire history of the Polish Jews, covering subjects ranging from Jewish literature and philosophy to relations with the Roman Catholic Church and Jewish political organizations. The main presentation was about ethical problems concerning the Holocaust and Poland.

1989: After 644 performances, the curtain came down on the West End production of Stephen Sondheim’s “Follies” at the Shaftesbury Theatre.

1989: France won the doubles and took an unbeatable 3-0 lead over Israel today in Davis Cup play. Guy Forget and Yannick Noah defeated Amos Mansdorf and Shahar Perkis, 6-3, 6-7, 3-6, 6-3, 13-11, in a match that lasted three and a half hours. Forget and Noah staved off three match points in the fifth set, which lasted 1 hour 20 minutes.

1990:Ten Israeli tourists were murdered near Cairo. Israeli military officials speculated this evening that the attackers of an Israeli tourist bus near Cairo were members of a guerrilla organization that sent assassins across the Egyptian border into Israel in December.

1991: Mayor David N. Dinkins is scheduled to return to New York today after having made “a lightning visit to” Israel. Dinkins had said that the visit served “to reaffirm our historic solidarity with the State of Israel, our concern for the safety of the people of the Middle East who are caught up in this conflict, and of course, our support for the men and women in uniform who are risking their lives for freedom."

1992(30th of Sh'vat, 5752): Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1992: Israel's Ambassador, Zalman Shoval, returned to Washington today with what Israeli officials described as pragmatic counterproposals to an American position stated by Secretary of State James A. Baker 3d on January 24 concerning $10 billion in loan guarantees The Bush Administration had told Israel that it would consider its request for $10 billion in loan guarantees that are to be used for the construction of housing in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank.

1994: “Romeo Is Bleeding” a crime film directed by Hungarian-born British director Medak was released in the United States today.

1995: In an article published today David Gonzalez describes the growing involvement of Orthodox Jewish women in advanced graduate level Jewish Studies which could be a harbinger of further change in the role that Orthodox women play in communal life.
http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1755&dat=19950211&id=dN4eAAAAIBAJ&sjid=hHwEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5552,1062424
http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1995-03-03/lifestyle/9503020410_1_jewish-studies-orthodox-jewish-jewish-education

1997: En route to Lebanon, two Israeli Sikorsky CH-53 troop-transport helicopters collide in mid-air over northern Galilee, Israel killing 73.

1997: Secretary of State Madeline Albright announced she had just discovered that her grandparents were Jewish.

2001: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers includingThe Bible Unearthed Archaeology's New Vision of Ancient Israel and the Origin of Its Sacred Texts by Israel Finkelstein and Neil Asher Silberman,A History of Britain: At the Edge of the World? 3000 BC-AD 1603 by Simon Schama and Under His Very Windows:The Vatican and the Holocaust in Italy by Susan Zuccotti

2002: Ann F. Lewis was appointed National Chair of the Democratic Party's Women's Vote Center.

2004: Mark Zuckerberg “launched Facebook from his Harvard dormitory room.”

2006: “The founder of the concierge service WhatShouldWeDo” and producer Arielle Tepper  the granddaughter of philanthropists Philip J. and Janice H. Levin married Ian Madvoer which she was known as Arielle Tepper Madover.

2006 (6th of Shevat, 5766): Betty Friedan passed away on her 85th birthday. (As reported by Margalit Fox)
http://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/05/national/05friedan.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0

2007: An exhibition entitled “The ‘Jewish’ Rembrandt” closes at Amsterdam’s Jewish Historical Museum. The ‘Jewish’ Rembrandt is part of the key programs designed for the Rembrandt-400 celebrations, a national festival organized by museums and public bodies to celebrate the 400th birthday of the Dutch painter Rembrandt.

2007: A review of Matters of Honor by Louis Begley entitled “A Jew at Harvard” appeared in Sunday New York Times book section.  In Begley’s seventh novel, the author describes the attempts of Henry White, a/k/a Henryk Weiss from Krakow, “to navigate in a culture where the term “Jew” is used “with restraint,” where it’s “an embarrassing word to utter in polite company. ... not unlike ‘homosexual.’ ”

2007(17 Shevat 5767): Kurt Schubert, the founder of Austria's first Jewish museum after 1945 passed away at the age of 83. .Schubert died after a long illness, according to a statement posted on the Web site of the Austrian Jewish Museum in Eisenstaedt that he founded in 1972.

2007: Roni Bar-On withdrew his candidacy for the position of Justice Minister

2008: (28thShevat): On the 28th of Shevat, 134 BCE,, Antiochus V abandoned his siege of Jerusalem and his plans for the city's destruction. According to the “Megilat Taanit,” this day was observed as a holiday in Hasmonean times.

2008: At the Community Synagogue in New York, The New Yiddish Rep presents “The Essence,” an overview of Yiddish Theater from Abraham Goldfaden to the present day created by Allen Rickman, performed by Allen Rickman, Yelena Shmulenson and Steve Sterner. The narration is in English and the songs and scenes are in Yiddish with English supertitles.

2008: “The Knesset, including Arab MK Ahmed Tibi, agreed to consider the bill put forth by MK Aryeh Eldad (National Union-National Religious Party) proposing the evacuation of the Palestinian residents of Hebron in 2008.” (As reported by Shahar Ilan)

2008 (28 Shevat 5768): A Palestinian suicide bomber killed one woman and wounded 11 other people when he blew himself up in a crowded mall in the southern Israeli city of Dimona at 10:30 A.M.  (8:30 A.M. GMT). A second suicide bomber was killed by a policeman before he could detonate his explosives belt. The woman killed in the attack was 74-year-old Razdolskya Lyobov, a Dimona resident from the former Soviet Union. One of the wounded, a man, was in "critical condition."

2009: The Yale Initiative for the Interdisciplinary Study of Anti-Semitism presents a lecture with Dr. Mordechai Kedar entitled "Islamism, Genocidal Anti-Semitism and the Place of the Other."

2009: At Columbia University, the Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies presents a lecture entitled, "Statecraft in the Middle East," with Ambassador Dennis Ross

2009: Dutch Police on Wednesday found two bullet holes from a shooting aimed at a mental health clinic run by the Amsterdam Jewish community, in what may be a further escalation in anti-Semitic attacks in the Netherlands since Israel launched an operation in Gaza in December.

2009: The 9th Annual Herzliya Conference comes to a close.

2010: A staged concert version of Harold Rome’s musical “Fanny” opened at City Center.

2010: The 14thNew York Sephardic Jewish Film Festival is scheduled to open in New York City.

2010: Maggie Anton, author of the trilogy about Rashi’s Daughters is scheduled to speak at Congregation B'nai Tzedek in Cincinnati, Ohio.

2010: Heavy snow was falling on Mount Hermon and on the higher areas in the Upper Galilee and Golan Heights today, while rains, hailstorms and strong winds were felt from Israel's North to the Negev

2011: “Wandering Eyes” a documentary that tells the story of “Gabriel Belhassan …the next big thing in the rock music world, former Orthodox Jew and recently diagnosed manic depressive directed by Ofir Trainin is scheduled to be shown at the “REELABITLITIES FILM FESTIVAL” in New York City.

2011: Hadassah Attorneys Ladies who Lunch! Gather at Eli’s, a kosher restaurant in Washington, D.C.

2011(30thof Shevat, 5771): Rosh Chodesh Adar I

2011: Mass flash flooding triggered by Cyclone Yasi caused severe damage to Jewish community buildings in Melbourne. Wild floods stormed through several suburbs heavily populated by Melbourne’s 50,000-strong Jewish community this prompting the closure of the Sephardi Synagogue on Shabbat. At least two Jewish schools were also flooded, with Bialik College – one of the largest Jewish schools in the country – reportedly closing for two days this week due to damage. The offices of theAustralian Jewish News were also partially flooded, according to Yossi Aron, the newspaper’s religious affairs editor.

2011: Deborah “Solomon stepped down from writing her weekly column” for the New York Times Magazine “to write in house and continue her biography of Norman Rockwell.”

2011: Alan Gross was charged by the government of Cuba today with "acts against the independence and territorial integrity of the state," a charge that carries a maximum 20-year prison sentence. The U.S. State Department identified Gross as a U.S. government contractor who was in Cuba to assist Cuban Jews in learning how to communicate with other Jewish communities using the Internet. (As reported by JTA)

2012: Professor James Kugel is scheduled to deliver two lectures at Shearith Israel – “Why Did Moses Do Wrong? The Mystery, and History, of Massah and Meribah” and “How Our Ancient Interpreters Understood the Song at the Sea”

2012: In Little Rock, the Jewish Federation of Arkansas is scheduled to present President Bill Clinton with the Tikkun Olam Lifetime Achievement Award at an event marking its 100th anniversary celebration dinner.

2012: Electile Dysfunction: The Kinsey Sicks For President!(Because Sometimes It's Hard Being a Republican) is scheduled to open at Theatre J in Washington, DC.

2012: In Cedar Rapids, Iowa, the Temple Judah Traditional Minyan takes on a triple header – Super Bowl Shabbat, Shabbat Shirah and Four Chaplains Shabbat

2012: In Iowa City, Defunct Books is advertising a first ever for that college town – a poetry reading featuring Yiddish poetry. Well known Cedar Rapids poet and playwright Murray Wolfe will be reading some of his own original works as well as reciting from the works of Avrom Sutskever

2012: A shell from the British Mandate era was discovered this morning during construction work at Tel Aviv University.

2012: As reports about the possibility of an Israeli attack on Iran’s nuclear infrastructure continue to escalate, Iran's oil minister said the Islamic state would not retreat from its nuclear program even if its crude oil exports grind to a halt, the official IRNA news agency reported today. Israel’s reported plan for an air attack is based on these kinds of declarations of Iranian determination to develop a nuclear capability. 

2013: In Rockville, MD, Magen David Congregation is scheduled to host a presentation by Professor Anat Berko entitled “A Smarter Bomb; Women and Children as Suicide Bombers.”

2013: The 16thAnnual Miami Jewish Film Festival is scheduled to come a close.

2013: In Florida, “Nicky’s Family,” a film that “pays tribute to” Sir Nicholas Winton who has been dubbed “Britain’s Schindler” is scheduled to be shown at the 13thannual Broward County Jewish Film Festival

2013: Funeral services for the Ed Koch, the former Mayor of New York City are scheduled to be held at Temple Emanu-El in New York City.  Mayor Michael Bloomberg and the Israeli consul general are among those scheduled to speak at the funeral.  Former President Bill Clinton is scheduled to attend as the representative for President Barak Obama.

2013: New research published today found that “school textbooks in both Israel and the Palestinian Authority largely eliminate one another’s existence in maps, although the Israeli curriculum is more balanced and self-critical than the Palestinian.

2013: Israeli threats to strike Iran's nuclear program and send shock waves throughout the world are "unhelpful," and Jerusalem should lower its profile on the issue, director of the Institute for National Security Studies, Maj.-Gen. (res.) Amos Yadlin, said today.

 2013: The IDF has arrested a number of senior Hamas figures in the West Bank, Palestinian sources said today.

2013: Mark Dreyfus began serving as Attorney-General for Australia and Minister for Emergency Management.

2014: Graveside services for Jacob L. Horowitz, the son of Miriam Landsman and Steven Horowitz are scheduled to take place this afternoon at Agudas Achim Cemetery in Iowa City, IA.

2014: The JCC of Northern Virginia is scheduled to host an evening of Israeli Dance with instructor Ethan Halpern.

2014: Keren Katz is scheduled to discuss Israeli cartoonists as part of the New York Comics & Picture –story Symposium.

2014: Professor Ezra Zohar, the 92 year old physician who was one of the founders of the School of Medicine at Tel University and who passed away yesterday is scheduled to be laid to rest at Mt. of Olives Cemetery this afternoon.

2014: The funeral for Captain Tl Nahman who was accidently killed yesterday in a “friendly fire” episode is scheduled to be buried this afternoon at the cemetery in Nes Ziona.

2014: “The Israeli Antiquities Authority (IAA) revamped their Leon Levy Dead Sea Scrolls Digital Library today.” (As reported by Tova Dvorin)

2015: “The Encores! Staged a concert version of the George and Ira Gershwin musical ‘Lady, Be Good’”.

2015: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to present Kathleen D. Roe speaking on the importance of archives and “why ‘archives matters.’”

2015: Ari Shavit is scheduled to discuss his latest work, My Promised Land at Temple Emanu-el followed by a book signing.

2015(15thof Shevat, 5775): Tu B’Shevat

2016: “The Price of Sugar” is scheduled to be shown on the opening night of the 26thSan Diego Jewish Film Festival.

2016: In Nice, a two day celebration of the life of Angelo Donati who worked to save Italian Jews living in France that “included the unveiling of a commemorative plaque on the Promenade des Anglais” came to an end.

2016: All decent people mourned as 19 year old Hadar Cohen was laid to rest today after having been murdered by terrorists in Jerusalem yesterday.

2016: The Skirball Center is scheduled to host “An Evening With Frédéric Brenner” the French photographer best known for his masterpiece Diaspora, a 25-year project spanning 40 countries resulting in a stunning visual record of the Jewish Diaspora.

2016: The Jewish Historical Society is scheduled host an evening with Lawrence Douglas, author of The Right Wrong Man: John Demjanjuk and the Last Great War Crime

2017(8thof Shevat, 5777): Parashat Bo

2017: This evening in Chicago, Dr. Daniel Greene, a curator from the US Holocaust Memorial Museum is scheduled to lead a “conversation on Americans and the Holocaust” – what did they know about it when it was happening?

2017: Shiva is scheduled to come to an end this evening for Gloria Mound “who devoted almost four decades of her life to researching the history, dispersion and fate of Jews exiled from Spain in 1492.”
http://casa-shalom.com/content/view/5/26/
http://www.casa-shalom.com/Gloria%20Mound%20CV.pdf

2017: The Batsheva Dance Company is scheduled to perform “Last Work” for the final time at BAM.

2018: In London, JW3 is scheduled to host a screening of “Menashe” which is a rarity since it is a full length feature film in Yiddish.

2018: Kerry Kennedy, the daughter of Senator Robert F. Kennedy, is scheduled to deliver the keynote address at the grand opening of “Speak Truth to Power: Human Rights Defenders Who Are Changing Our World” at the Illinois Holocaust Museum and Education Center in Skokie, Illinois.

2018: The New York Times features reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Saboteur:The Aristocrat Who Became France’s Most Daring Anti-Nazi Commando by Paul Kix, L’Appart: The Delights and Disasters of Making My Paris Home by David Lebovitz, Munichby Robert Harris and To Fight Against This Age: On Fascism and Humanismby Rob Riemen

2018: The exhibition “Codebreakers and Groundbreakers” that includes “documents and photos showing how World War Two codebreaker Alan Turing sponsored two Jewish refugee children from Austria and helped educate them in the UK have been put on show in Cambridge” is scheduled to come to an today at King’s College, Cambridge.

2018: “In celebration of Black History Month, ACCESS, the young professionals group of the American Jewish Committee - Washington Regional Office, and Thursday Network, the young professionals auxiliary of the Greater Washington Urban League, are scheduled to host a February Black - Jewish Relations Panel - Recounting the Past, Examining the Present and Envisioning the Future.”

2018: Betty Moore and Helen Stone are scheduled to be installed today when the Greater New Orleans Chapter of Hadassah holds its annual installation and brunch today. (As reported by CCNJ, the source for Jewish news in Cajun Country)

 

 

This Day, February 5, In Jewish History by Mitchell A. Levin

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February 5

517/519: Alcimus Avitus, the Archbishop of Vienne in Gaul who in 576 on Easter temporarily succeeded in calming a crowd angered when a recent convert to Christianity was doused with oil. Four days later local Christians burned down the synagogue and began attacking Jews. The Bishop offered the Jews a choice baptism or exile, he reported that 500 Jews accepted conversion. The rest fled, mostly to Marseilles. Many of those who ostensibly converted managed to eventually return to practicing Judaism.” (As reported by “The History of the Jewish People)

1191: King Richard I (the Lionheart) whose coronation touched off anti-Semitic riots and Tancred, the King of Sicily, the island where Jews had been living since the first century met today at Catania.

1265: Clement IV began his papacy during which he “authorized the Spanish Inquisition to investigate the live of Jewish people, especially those who had chosen to join the Catholic Church.” 

1428: King Alfonso V, ordered Sicily's Jews to attend conversion sermons.

1523: The first printed edition of Zeror ha-Mor, a popular commentary on the Pentateuch by Rabbi Abraham Sebag was published in Venice.

1576:  Henry of Navarre, who will become Henry IV, converts to Roman Catholicism in order to ensure his right to the throne of France. Although there were no Jews living in France at this time, Henry reportedly was acquainted with one, a man named Manuel Pimentel whose Jewish name was Isaac Abenacar whom the French king called the “king of players.”  Pimentel or Abenacar would be the first person to be buried at the Jewish cemetery in Ouderkerk, near Muiderberg, not far from Amsterdam.

 1631: Roger Williams emigrated to Boston.  A believer in religious toleration, Williams would be forced to leave Boston which populated by the intolerant Puritans.  In Rhode Island, Williams would practice the religious toleration that became part of the American fabric and would make the United States a unique experience for the Jews.

1678(13th of Shevat): Yuspi Shammah of Worms passed away

1705: Seventy year old German theologian Phillip Spener who differed from his fellow Lutherans because he did not believe that “the expectation of the conversion of the Jews” was a “prelude to the triumph of the Church” – an expectation

1718: Adriaan Reland the professor of Oriental languages at the University of Utrecht who “taught Hebrew Antiquities passed away today. He was a contemporary of Willem Surenhuis another Dutch Hebraist who published a completed Latin translation of the Mishnah from 1698 to 1703.

1778: During the American Revolution South Carolina became the first state to ratify the Articles of Confederation, which was the first document of national governance for the newly created United States of America which was still fighting Great Britain to gain its independence. Francis Salvador, who had served as a delegate to the Provincial Council that had voted for independence was not present for this vote since had been killed by Indians while fighting against the British. But most of the Jews, including David Cardozo and Joseph Solomon who were members of a “Jewish company” were probably quite supportive of the ratification since they supported the cause of American Independence.

1781: Two days after capturing St. Eustatius, Admiral Rodney “asked for an inventory of all merchants and their nationality” followed a week later by an order from Rodney that “all male Jews report to the weigh house for deportation at which time he “extorted a total of 8000 ponds in cash from some 250 males.”

1791: As the Jews worked to gain full citizenship in Hungary, Judge Stephen Atzel read the following at today’s session of the Diet: “In order that the condition of the Jews may be regulated pending such time as may elapse until their affairs and the privileges of various royal free towns relating to them shall have been determined by a commission to report to the next ensuing Diet, when his Majesty and the estates will decide on the condition of the Jews, the estates have determined, with the approval of his Majesty, that the Jews within the boundaries of Hungary and the countries belonging to it shall, in all the royal free cities and in other localities (except the royal mining-towns), remain under the same conditions in which they were on Jan. 1, 1790; and in case they have been expelled anywhere, they shall be recalled."

1799(30th of Shevat, 5559): Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1782: The Spanish defeated British garrison on Minorca and captured the island. When Minorca had become an English possession in 1713, the English willingly offered “asylum to thousands of Jews” who responded in large enough numbers to justify the building of at least one synagogue. However, when the English left the island after this defeat, the Jews left too. After all, Spain was still the land of the Inquisition.

1801: In Frankfurt, Benedikt Moses Worms and Schönche Jeannette Rothschild gave birth to Salomon Benedikt Worms the grandson of Mayer Amschel Rothschild who became a leading member of the Anglo-Jewish community as the 1st Baron de Worms.

1812: In Amsterdam, Jacob Abraham, “the Levite” “took the family name Rabbie and became Jacob Abraham Rabbie

1817: “The Rothschilds took up a Prussian loan of 1,500,000 gulden at 5 per cent.”

1817: Moses and Dinah Meyer were married to at the Western Synagogue.

1819: Birthdate of Rabbi Bernhard Gotthelf who served as a Chaplain in the Union Army during the Civil War.

1840: The Damascus Affair started with the disappearance of Father Thomas, a Franciscan superior. The French consul accused the Jews of ritual murder and extracted a "confession" by torture in which one of the victims died. The consul then requested permission from Mahemet Ali to kill the rest of his suspects. Others, including sixty children, were arrested and starved to convince their parents to confess. Sir Moses Montefiore, Adolphe Cremieux and Salomon Munk intervened on behalf of the Jews and the charges were dropped.

1848(30th of Shevat, 5608) Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1851: David Davis married Esther Hart at the Great Synagogue at the Great Synagogue.

1852: “Otto Goldschmidt married the world-famous soprano Jenny Lind. To please his wife, he converted to Protestantism.”

1852(15th of Shevat, 5612): Tu B'Shevat

1855: French artist Eugène Delacroix wrote the following description of the deteriorating condition of Fromential Halevy, the French composer who was the son of a cantor. “I went on to Halévy’s house, where the heat from his stove was suffocating. His wretched wife has crammed his house with bric-a-brac and old furniture, and this new craze will end by driving him to a lunatic asylum. He has changed and looks much older, like a man who is being dragged on against his will. How can he possibly do serious work in this confusion? His new position at the Academy must take up a great deal of his time, and make it more and more difficult for him to find the peace and quiet he needs for his work. Left that inferno as quickly as possible. The breath of the streets seemed positively delicious.”

1857: Rabbi Philipp Ehrenberg and Julie Ehrenberg gave birth to Richard Ehrenberg.

1857: In Philadelphia, PA, Leopold Sulzberger and Sophia Lindauer gave birth to Solomon Sulzberger the husband of Clara Frank who moved to Chicago in 1876 where he served as a Director of Michael Reese Hospital, a Director of the National Paint, Oil and Varnish Association of Chicago and Chairman of the Relief Committee of the United Hebrew Charities.

1859: Wallachia and Moldavia are united under Alexander John Cuza as the United Principalities, an autonomous region within the Ottoman Empire, which ushered the birth of the modern Romanian state. When the Jews failed to provide financial support for Cuza, he “inserted in his draft of a constitution a clause excluding from the right of suffrage all who did not profess Christianity.”

1861: Birthdate of history Julius Aronius, the native of Rastenburg whose most famous work was a study of the “history of the Jews in Germany during the Middle Ages” which he was not able to complete before his death.

1864(28thof Shevat, 5624): Fifty-three year old Mortiz Veit the “author, publisher and politician who was chairman of the Association of German Booksellers and leader of the Jewish community in Berlin passed away today.

1864; “Physician, children’s health advocate, and community activist Dr. Zemach Szabad was born today in Vilna. Szabad began his career as a doctor providing care and support to Jews whose shtetlach were devastated by World War One. When the war ended, Szabad played an active role in public life, quickly becoming one of the most prominent figures in the city, working to improve the health of the Jewish community—especially children and women—and participating in numerous cultural projects and organizations.” (As reported by Yiddishkayt)

1864: Birthdate of “Physician, children’s health advocate, and community activist Dr. Zemach Szabad” who served in the Senate of the Second Polish, was a co-founder of YIVO and who was the father of Regina Weinreich, the father-in-law of Max Weinreich and the grandfather of Uriel and Gabriel Weinreich

1865(9thof Shevat, 5625): Fifty-nine year old Joseph Schwarz the native of Bavaria whose devotion to the history and geography of Palestine led him to move there passed away today in Jerusalem.

1866: Barbe-bleuean opéra bouffe, or operetta, in three acts (four scenes) by Jacques Offenbach with a libretto co-authored by Ludovic Halevy was first performed at the Théâtre des Variétés, Paris where it played for five months.

1867 (30th of Shevat, 5627): In a decree from the Sultan, brought about by the intervention of Moses Montefiore, the Jews of Morocco were ordered not to be harmed, and to be treated in accordance of the laws of Allah. However, it was reported many Jews became "arrogant and reckless" after hearing this ruling, especially the Westernized Jews who worked the ports.

1867 (30th of Shevat, 5627): Salomon Munk, German-born French Orientalist passed away. Born in 1803, Munk had a thorough Jewish education before pursuing secular interest.  He was unique among Europeans and Jews of his time because he was fluent in Arabic.  Munk “devoted himself to the study of the Judæo-Arabic literature of the Middle Ages and to the works of Maimonides, more especially the latter's Moreh Nebukim or Guide to the Perplexed." This enabled him to publish his three volume Arabic edition of the Moreh in the years from 1856 to 1860.  This accomplishment is all the more amazing because it was done after Munk had lost his eyesight in 1850 while cataloguing manuscripts written in Hebrew and Sanskrit.  Munk was a leader of the French Jewish community.  His position of prominence in the community along with his Arabic linguistic skills enabled him to serve as one of the three Jewish leaders who went to Egypt to deal with the Damascus Affair. Munk’s Yahrzeit should help us to remember that Maimonides was a Jewish scholar who belonged to the Arab world as well.

1875)30thof Shevat, 5635): Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1879(12th of Shevat, 5639): Moses S. Cohen passed away unexpectedly today at the age of 70.  A prominent New Yorker, he had served as President of B’Nai Israel on Stanton Street and as Master Mason. A native of Holland, he had lived in the United States for almost fifty years.

1881: Phoenix, Arizona is incorporated. Jews played a prominent part in the development of the Arizona Territory in general and Phoenix in particular from early pioneer times. For example, Michael Wormser, the poor son of a butcher, who made his fortune in the Arizona territory donated the land for the Phoenix Beth Israel Cemetery before his death in 1898. Sol Lewis and Martin Kaltes established the National Bank of Arizona in Phoenix. The Goldwater family is the Jewish family many think of when they hear of Phoenix.  From a Jewish point of view, this is not such a point of pride since the most “famous son” was Barry Goldwater. Senator Goldwater was raised as a member of the Episcopal Church.

1881: Thomas Carlyle passed away. While many remember him as the historian who chronicled the French Revolution and the life of Frederick the Great others remember as an author “Negro hating,” anti-Semite who believed in the superiority of the Teutonic Race. T. Peter Park examined Carlyle’s anti-Semitism in an article entitled “Thomas Carlyle and the Jews.”

1883(28thof Shevat, 5643): Seventy-four year old Jonathan-Raphaël Bischoffsheim a member of Bischoffsheim dynasty who co-founded the bank of Bischoffsheim & Goldschmidt and the National Bank of Belgium while also serving as a Liberal member of the Belgium Parliament where he was an advocate for public education, passed away in Brussels.

1885: In Philadelphian, PA, The Young Women's Union which “was originally a branch of the Hebrew Education Society,  “ was organized today through the efforts of Mrs. Fanny Binswanger. “The object of the union was to educate the younger children of immigrant Jews. It maintained a kindergarten, day-nursery, sewing-school” and other such programs under the Presidency of Mrs. Julia Friedberger Eschner.

1887(11thof Shevat, 5647): Eighty-year old Asher Sammter who served as the rabbi in Liegnitz (Prussia) from 1837 to 1854 and who moved to Berlin in 1869 where he pursued a career of literary scholarship passed away today.

1890(15thof Shevat, 5650): Tu B’Shevat

1890: Rabbi Zeev Yavet, one of the founders of the Misrachi movement, took his students to plant trees at Zichron Yaakov.  The Jewish Teachers Union adopted this custom in 1908.  This is also the origin of the JNF Tree Planting Drive which is tied to the modern observance of Tu B’Shevat.

1890: Based on information that appeared in the 15th annual report of the New York Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children during 1889, the Hebrew Sheltering Guardian Society provided care for 149 children that the New York Society had placed with them.

1890: It was reported today that Jesse Seligman, J.H. Schiff, Simon Schafer and Henry Rice were among the prominent members of the Jewish community who have bought boxes for the upcoming Purim Ball, a major fund-raising event.

1891(27thof Shevat, 5651): Forty-seven year old Nehemiah Brüll the native of Moravia who served as the rabbi at Frankfurt am Main and was a leader of the Reform movement as well as a scholar whose “reading in Jewish literature was” unparalleled and who “who evinced a peculiar acumen found in no other scholar in modern times” passed away today.

1889: Birthdate of Zeev (Wolf) Gold, the son of Mariampol Rabbi who lived in the United States from 1907 to 1924 where he served as Preside of the Mizrachi in the United States and Canada before moving to Israel in 1924 where he lived until his death in 1956.

1892: It was reported today the late Benjamin Russak made bequests of $500 each to Mount Sinai Hospital, the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum Society, Home for Aged and Infirm Hebrews, United Hebrew Charities, Montefiore Home for Chronic Invalids and the Hebrew Technical Institute. He made bequests of $250 each to B’nai Jershurun, the Bikur Cholem Society, and the Hebrew Free School.

1892: As the Chamber of Commerce made plans to raise funds to help alleviate those suffering from the famine in Russia, Jacob H. Schiff, said, “he belonged to the race which had suffered so much at the hands of the Czar’s government” and while the Jews would be generous in supporting the effort, they would not support any effort that sent money to the Russian government.  The money must go directly to those who were suffering.

1892: Samuel J. Cohn was arraigned this morning on charges of fraud. Specifically he solicited funds while falsely claiming to be a collector for the United Hebrew Charities.

1892:”Mr. Bigelow Talks on Russia” published today included a description of a dispute that broke between Poulteney Bigelow and a Russian Jew named Coplik.  When describing the persecution of the “Christian Jews” in Russia, Bigelow described the Czar as a kindly man, Coplik rose from the audience and said that “the Czar was a savage tyran and went on to prove it” by providing several anecdotes to support his statement.

1893: The first of the series of Sunday Grand Opera Concert’s at Oscar Hammerstein’s Manhattan Opera House is scheduled to take place today.

1893: In New York City, the Central Labor Union endorsed several resolutions including one that called upon the state legislature “to take action in regard to alleged misuse of the Baron Hirsch Fund by the United Hebrew Charities.”

1894: The Cincinnati Enquirer described the marriage ceremony of Maurice Bear and Miss Bertha Levy of Birmingham, Alabama at her home.  The bride and the groom, who is a successful businessman, are each about four feet tall.

1899: In Harrisburg, PA, founding today of the Jewish Literary and Musical Society which meets on the first Sunday of each month and whose members included Mrs. George Rosenthal and J.S. Lowengard.

1899: In the Ukraine, Peter J. Schweitzer and his wife gave birth to Louis J. Schweitzer who came to the United Sates at the age of four and eventually used the family fortune to work for reforms in the penal and judicial systems.

1899: It was reported today that Senor Castelar, the Spanish Republican political leader has expressed his concern with the political situation in France including what he sees as “as a tendency…to go back to the barbarous old-time expulsions of the Jews”  “when Jews have to be protected from massacre by the armed intervention of the Government…”

1899: It was reported today that in defending the Zionism, Professor Richard Gottheil has stated that “Palestine is the place where we can live that Jewish life we are called upon to live and only there can we take up the greater work for preparing for the Messianic time….We Zionists are the most ideal of all Jews because we want to prepare the basis upon which the building, seen by our prophets in visions may be reared.” (What may make this sound surprising to some is that Gottheil was a professor at Columbia and the son of on America’s most prominent Reform Rabbis.)

1901: In Chicago, Nettie Green Sheekman and Charles Grover Sheekman gave birth to Arthur Sheekman the brother of Edith and Harvey Sheekman the writer whose big break came while collaborating with the Grouch Marx.

1901: Herzl met with the French banker Reitlinger in Paris and discussed the idea of buying the Turkish Public Debt as a way to negotiate for the Charter for a Jewish Homeland in Eretz Israel.

1902: Herzl begins a trip Constantinople where he is scheduled to arrive on the 14thso that he may begin negotiations for the creation of Jewish homeland.  

1903: Birthdate of John Michael Cohen, the Cambridge graduate who gave up a career in the family furniture business to become a teacher, translator and author whose “works included The History of Western Literature,The Penguin Dictionary of Quotations and a biography of Ludwig Mond.

1903: Funeral services were to be held this morning for Morris Tuska at his home in Manhattan followed by burial in Salem fields.  A native of Hungary, the seventy-two year old Tuska passed away two days ago.  He found success in a wholesale upholstery supply business which he operated from 1857 until 1871.  He was a co-founder of the United Hebrew Charity Organization, founder of the Hebrew Technical Institute, President of the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum and an active member of Temple Emanu-el for 45 years.

1904: Sixty-three year old  “French microbiologist and chemist” Émile Duclaux who was “a vocal supporter of Alfred Dreyfus” passed away today.

1905: Birthdate of Mirra Komarovsky, the Russian born American Sociologist.
http://www.nytimes.com/1999/02/01/us/mirra-komarovsky-authority-on-women-s-studies-dies-at-93.html

1906: As of today, “many Jews” in Kiev” have received by mail sentences of death in the name of the Pan Russian League in Defense of the Holy Cross.”

1908: At Setatt, Morocco two days of riots and killings riots and massacres have devastated the Jewish community.

1908: In Bridgeport, CT, music store own Joseph Gilman and Rebecca Ives Gilman gave birth to Yale Medical School graduate and pharmacologist Alfred Zack Gilman, Sr.
http://theinfolist.com/php/SummaryGet.php?FindGo=Alfred Gilman, Sr.

1913(28thof Shevat, 5673): Fifty-one year old Baltimore merchant Isaac L. Kemper passed away today.

1913: New York attorney Harry Newburger was “appointed Third Deputy Police Commissioner” today.

1913: At the Hotel La Salle in Chicago, Dr. Joseph Stoltz officiated at the marriage of Samuel Lee Dinkelspiel of Louisville, KY and Lilian R. Phillipson, the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Phillipson.

1913: “A dispatch received” today “at St. Petersburg” reported “that a crowd of roughs invaded the Jewish quarter” and beat a number of the inhabitants, several whom are believed to have been fatally injured” while also “sacking a number of stores.

1914: Hyman J. Reit presided over today’s special meeting of “the Executive Committee of the Federation of Jewish Organizations of New York State” where arrangements were made “for sending a memorial and resolutions to President Wilson and Congress protesting against the Burnett Immigration bill…and against other pending legislation restricting immigration.”

1914: Birthdate of Sol Libsohn, the New York native and CCNY graduate who became a noted photographer.
http://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/25/arts/sol-libsohn-86-photographer-who-captured-ordinary-life.html

1915: After Herbert Samuel had “submitted a Zionist memorandum entitled ‘The Future of Palestine’ to the British cabinet” in January, today “Samuel had another discussion with Foreign Minister Lord Grey: who said that “it might be possible to neutralize the country (Palestine) under international guarantee ... and to vest the government of the country in some kind of Council to be established by the Jews.

1915: Birthdate of Robert Hofstadter, American atomic physicist and winner of the Nobel Prize in 1961.

1915(21stof Shevat, 5675): David Cahn the native of Cracow who in 1872 came to the United States where served as the cantor at  numerous New York Congregations in Temple Shar Hashomayim and Temple Rodeph Sholem passed away today.

1915: In “Turks Near Armageddon” published today described the encampment of the fourth Turkish army near “the historic highway connecting three continents” which “is passed through daily by Jews and Christians fleeing to the seacoast.”

1915(21stof Shevat, 5675): David Cahn, who was born in Cracow in 1852 and came to the United States in 1871 where served as a Cantor passed away today.

1916: Albert Lucas, the Chairman of the Central Committee for the Relief of Jews Suffering the War received word from Secretary of the Navy Daniels” today “that space allotment for the consignment of medicines” bound Palestine has been made on the naval collier Sterling which will probably set sail from New York within the next ten days.

1916: In “Brandeis,”  Felix Frankfurter described the impact of the nomination of this distinguished lawyer to the Supreme Court.
http://www.newrepublic.com/article/politics/brandeis

1917: Birthdate of Rephoel Baruch Sorotzkin, the native of Lithuania who was the son of Rabbi Zalman Sorotzkin and became the Rosh Yeshiva of Cleveland’s Telz Yeshiva.

1917(13th of Shevat, 5677): Paul Alfred Rubens an English born song writer who found success in composing works for musical comedies in the UK and the USA passed away today at the age of 41.
http://math.boisestate.edu/gas/british/composers/rubens.html

1917: The Congress of the United States overrode President Wilson’s veto of the Immigration Act of 1917, which contains a literacy test, making the act the law of the land.  This override marked the end of a twenty yearlong battle that had begun in 1897 when President Grover Cleveland vetoed an immigration act passed by Congress.  President Taft vetoed a similar bill in 1913.  Jewish groups opposed the act, especially the literacy test, because they saw it as a thinly veiled way to exclude Jewish immigrants from eastern and southern Europe from coming to the United States.  Jewish immigration to the United States peaked in 1906 when 150,000 Jews made their way to the United States.  In 1914, even with the war having broken out in, 140,000 Jews came to the United States.  By 1917, only 14,000 Jews were admitted to the United States.

1917: The news that President Wilson had broken off diplomatic relations with Germany over that country’s policy of unrestricted submarine warfare and had seized German auxiliary cruisers in American ports was greeted with joy by the British, fear for how American diplomats in Germany might be mistreated and concern that the result of all of this would U.S. entry into the war which would make it that much harder to provide aid to the Jews trapped in eastern Europe and the Ottoman Empire.

1918: Rabbi Wise, the Chairman of the Provisional Zionist Committee, provided a list of the name of European statesman “who had approved the plan for the Jewish State in Palestine.

1918: This evening, the UB-77, a German submarine, torpedoed the S.S. Tuscania, a U.S. troopship that sank with a loss of life that included at least eight Jewish servicemen.

1919: In New York City, Jewish immigrants Sophie (née Baker) and Michael Chwatt gave birth to Aaron Chwatt who gained fame as comedian and actor Red Buttons.  Buttons got his first name from the color of his hair.  The last name was a reference to the shiny buttons on the coat he wore as waiter while waiting tables before his career took off. Bronx New York NY, comedian/actor (Sayonara, Poseidon Adventure).

1919: Charlie Chaplin joined three other Hollywood stars in starting United Artist Studios, one of the early giants of the motion picture industry.  It was unique, because as its name indicates, this studio was owned and controlled by the creative people.

1919: Today, Julius Kahn, the Jewish Congressman from California expressed his “regret…that President Wilson had come out openly in favor of a” proposal for an independent Jewish state because “consideration of this question should place at the peace table” and because “one of the great dangers of Zionism is the face that the non-Jew will begin to look upon the American Jew as always having a lurking desire to return to the so-called Jewish homeland and the Jew will be accused by the non-Jew of being merely a sojourner in the United States.”

1920: Office and members of the Hebrew Mutual Benefit Society will be attending the funeral for Rabbi Isaac C. Noot, the father of Kittie Lazarus, Simon, George and Louis Noot which is scheduled to be held this morning at the family’s residence.

1921: The “second annual reception and dance” sponsored by “the Bronx Free Synagogue” is scheduled to be held today at the Waldorf-Astoria in Manhattan.

1923: Maurice Duplessis who as Premier of the Province of Quebec issued the warrant which empowered the provincial police to raid “the cultural section of the Canadian Labor Circle, a Jewish fraternal organization” during which they removed “eight hundred books of the 950 volume library maintained by Jewish cultural circle” today began serving as MNA (Member National Assembly) for Trois-Rivières.

1925(11th of Shevat, 5685): Julius Fleischmann, the son of Charles Louis Fleischmann and mayor of Cincinnati, passed away.

1925: Four days after he turned 77, British author Arnold Henry White who went from blaming the Jews for the problems in East End to being a “virulent anti-Semite” who opposed Jewish immigration to the United Kingdom passed away today.
https://archive.org/details/modernjew01whitgoog

http://jewishstudies.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/docs/Kennedy_awards/KennedyAward2005%20Shacham.pdf

1926: In New York City, Arthur Hays Sulzberger and Iphigene Bertha Ochs gave birth to Arthur Sulzberger, Sr., Chairman of the Board of the New York Timesfrom 1965 to 1991.

1927: Birthdate of Marshall Rosenbluth, the American plasma physicist who won the National Medal of Science.

1927: Launch of the USCGC Northland, which after a twenty years of service would be sold for scrap, acquired by Zionists who renamed it the Jewish State and used the ship for bringing European refugees to Palestine before the creation of the state of Israel.

1929: In Holyoke, MA, “Jewish immigrants Meyer and Rose Belsky gave birth to Harold Simon Belsky, who gained fame as “drummer and session musician” Hal Blaine who can be heard on innumerable hits including recordings by the Beach Boys and Simon and Garfunkel.
https://www.facebook.com/HalBlaine/

1929: “The Sidewalks of New York” a film “made by animation pioneers Max Fleischer and Dave Fleischer was re-released today as part of the Fleischer’s new series Screen Songs.

1930:  Fifth Aliyah begins. The Fifth Aliyah, which some sources say actually started in 1929, marked a ten-year period when approximately 250,000 Jews settled in pre-War Palestine.  This new wave of Jewish immigration was sparked by a number of causes including the restrictions on immigrations adopted by the United States in the 1920’s, the end of the Arab Uprising of the 1920’s and the rise of Hitler which brought a wave of German immigrants to the Jewish homeland.  The arrival of the Germans changed the nature of the Jewish community, because unlike the previous immigrants they were not from Russia and they were not committed Zionists eager for life on the Kibbutz.

1930: After a half-hour’s deliberation the death sentence was imposed today upon the Jewish Constable, 22 year old Simcha Hinkas. The jury had found him guilty of the premeditated murder of an Arab family in the August, 1929. “Not more than ten minutes after the verdict was pronounced, large crimson printed notices appeared pasted on trees and signboards at Tel Aviv where the accused lived and where a spirit of deep mourning now prevails…Meir Dizengoff, Mayor of Tel Aviv said today: ‘When I contrast the death sentence imposed on this Jewish policeman with the acquittal of twelve Arabs accused of murdering seven Jews at Macleff House in Motzah, it makes me weep.  What? Is this human justice?’”

 1931: Eddie Cantor appeared on The Fleischmann’s Yeast Hour starring Rudy Vallee which “led to a four-week tryout with NBC’s The Chase and Sanborn Hour.  (Cantor and Fleischmann were Jewish; Vallee was not)

1931: “The Man in Search of His Murderer” a comedy directed by Robert Siodmak, with a script by Curt Siodmak and Billy Wilder and music Franz Waxman was released in Germany today.

1933: In Germany All Communist Party buildings and printing presses were expropriated by Hitler’s new Nazi government.  Hitler would equate his war against the Communists with his war against the Jews. 

1934: David T. Wilenz was appointed Attorney General of New Jersey today.

1935: After merging with the New York Jewish Tribune, the American Hebrewappeared today as the American Hebrew and Jewish Tribune.

1936: Charlie Chaplin’s first “talkie,”  "Modern Times", was released.

1936: On the closing day of its two day meeting in Louisville, KY, the Executive Board of the National Federation of Temple Sisterhoods denounced “compulsory military training” and endorsed the Nye-Kvale Bill.

1936: In Manhattan, Gustave Silverman, “a builder and plumber who invested in real estate and eventually bought the Hotel Wales on Madison Avenue,” and the former Bessie Goldberger gave birth to Kenneth Silverman, who won both the Bancroft Prize and the Pulitzer Prize for his biography of Cotton Mather.
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/10/books/kenneth-silverman-pulitzer-winning-author-dies-at-81.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

1936: Sir Herbert Samuel, who is in the United States to raise funds and gain public support for the settling of 100,000 Jewish refugees in Palestine and is the honorary president of the Biriths Friends of the Hebrew University in Palestine was the guest of honor at a reception hosted by Dr. A.S.W. Rosenbach.

1936: Hugo Blumenthal, President of the Board of the School Nursing, presided over the 53rdannual commencement ceremonies at Mt. Sinai Hospital where 33 new nurses received their degrees.

1936: Bernhard Rust, the Minister of Culture and Education, today “forbade non-Jewish university students” from employing Jewish tutors because it was “contrary to academic dignity.”

1937: “The Holy Terror” a comedy featuring Joe E. Lewis and Leah Ray, the future wife of Sonny Werblin was released in the United States today.

1937: U.S. premiere of “Outcast” a murder drama produced by Emanuel Cohen, photographed by cinematographer Rudolph Mate and music by Ernst Toch.

1937: In an article published in the Evening Standard, Winston Churchill “continued to issue his warnings about the growing menace of Nazi tyranny.”  The Baldwin government would ignore him and Europe would continue on the path that led to the Holocaust.

1938(4thof Adar I, 5698): Parashat Terumah

1938: Rabbi William F. Rosenblum is scheduled to deliver a sermon “God Save the Family” at Temple Israel.

1938: Rabbi Louis I Newman is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “Don Isaac Abrabanel of Spain: a 500th Anniversary Tribute” today at Temple Rodeph Sholom.

1938: Rabbi Samuel H. Goldenson is scheduled to deliver the sermon at Temple Emanu-El this morning.

1938: Rabbi Hyman Judah Shachtel is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “The Jews’ Contribution to Civilization” at West End Synagogue.

1938: Five hundred protestors who gathered at Columbus Circle this afternoon for a meeting sponsored by the New York State Committee Communist Party protested “the Fascist wave of terror aimed at the 900,000 Jews of Rumania” and adopted a resolution demanding “that the Government of Rumania put an end to the oppression of Jews and other national minorities.”

1938(4thof Adar I, 5698): Thirty-four year old Hans Achim Litten the Jewish lawyer who cross-examined Hitler for three hours during a trial in 1931 committed suicide in Dachau after years of incarceration and torture.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0146fs2

1939: Today, on Sunday, Rabbi Samuel H. Goldenson is scheduled to deliver a sermon “It Is Later Than You Think at Temple Emanu-El.

1939: James Waterman Wise is scheduled to deliver an address on “Hitlerism Invades America: How To Defeat It” at the Free Synagogue meeting in Carnegie Hall.

1939: At a forum hosted by the West End Synagogue Stanley High is scheduled to deliver an address on “What’s Ahead of the Democracies?” at 11 A.M.

1939: Ludwig Lewisohn is scheduled to deliver an address on Confessions of a Novelist” at Temple B’Nai Jeshurun.

1939: Professor Albert P. Martin, the former head of the Quaker Committee in Berlin is scheduled to deliver an address on “The Message of Quakers in a Troubled World” this morning at Temple Rodeph Sholom.

1939: The Fort Washington Synagogue, led by Rabbi Alexander Segel, hosted a meeting of the Junior League today.

1939: Mrs. Tehilla Lichtenstein is scheduled to deliver an address on “Religion and Evolution – a Message of Optimism for Today” at the Jewish Science Society in New York.

1939: The Central Synagogue is scheduled to host the first in a series of lectures on “The History of the Jews” delivered by Rabbi Jonah B. Wise who will speak on “Jews on the Roman Empire.”

1941: “A diplomatic note from Chinune Sugihara” the Vice-Consul for the Empire of Japan in Lithuania, “to Japan's then Foreign Minister Yōsuke Matsuoka” states that “he issued 1,500 out of 2,139 transit visas to Jews and Poles.”  This was only part of the picture of a man who should be called “a Japanese Schindler.”

1941: The first week-day religious school sessions under the Coudert-McLaughlin Law passed last spring at Albany, permitting students to be released from public school classes an hour a week for religious training, were held on this date.  The law was passed in response to the wishes of certain Catholic leaders; not Jewish educators.

1942: In a letter today, Martha Dodd “told her Soviet contacts that her husband should be brought into their network.”  Dodd was the daughter of William Dodd, the first U.S. Ambassador to Germany who tried to warn America about the menace of Hitler.  Martha’s husband was Alfred Stern, the investment broker who had been married to the daughter of Julius Rosenwald.  Dodd, like many during this period, saw the Soviets as allies in the fight against Fascism.

1943(30thof Shevat, 5703): Rosh Chodesh Adar 1

 1943(30thof Shevat, 5703: Sigmund Freud’s sister Esther Adolfine (Dolfi) died at Theresienstadt

 1943: For 14 hours the Jews of Birkenau stood in place, in the snow, during a roll call. Then each was beaten, chased or sent to the gas chamber.

1943: For one week Germans are greeted with an armed uprising as they try to deport the final group of Bialystok Jews. By February 12th, 18,000 were in hiding. Another 10,000 would end up in Treblinka.

1943: In Chicago, grocers Esther and Jack Mann gave birth to Oscar nominated director, producer and writer Michael Mann.

1943: Rutka Laskier, a fourteen year old living in Bedzin, Poland wrote in her diary: “The rope around us is getting tighter and tighter. Next month there should already be a ghetto, a real one, surrounded by walls. In the summer it will be unbearable. To sit in a gray locked cage, without being able to see fields and flowers. Last year I used to go to the fields; I always had many flowers, and it reminded me that one day it would be possible to go to Malachowska Street without taking the risk of being deported. Being able to go to the cinema in the evening; I'm already so "flooded" with the atrocities of the war that even the worst reports have no effect on me. I simply can't believe that one day I'll be able to leave the house without the yellow star. Or even that this war will end one day ... If this happens, I will probably lose my mind from joy. But now I need to think about the near future, which is the ghetto. Then it will be impossible to see anyone, neither Micka, who lives in Kamionka C, nor Janek, who lives in D, and not Nica, who lives in D. And then what will happen? Oh, good Lord. Well, Rutka, you've probably gone completely crazy. You are calling upon God as if He exists. The little faith I used to have has been completely shattered. If God existed, He would have certainly not permitted that human beings be thrown alive into furnaces, and the heads of little toddlers be smashed with butts of guns or be shoved into sacks and gassed to death ... It sounds like a fairy tale. Those who haven't seen this would never believe it. But it's not a legend; it's the truth. Or the time when they beat an old man until he became unconscious, because he didn't cross the street properly. This is already absurd; it's nothing, as long as there won't be Auschwitz ... and a green card ... The end ... When will it come? ...”

1945: Twenty-three year old Violette Szabo who played an active role in fighting the Nazis as a member of the SOE was executed by the Germans today at Ravensbruck concentration camp.

1945(22ndof Shevat, 5705): Twenty-nine year old Paris born Jewess Denis Bloch who served with British Special Operations Executive (SOE) was executed at Ravensbruck after which her body was “disposed of in the crematorium.

1946: George Arliss passed away.  Arliss was not Jewish, but he won an Oscar for portraying Disraeli in a film of the same name.  For many people of that era, the Arliss portrayal was synonymous with Disraeli and with English Jews.

1947: In Schwäbisch Hall, Germany, Felek and Chana Gebotszrajber (Fred and Ann Gilbert) gave birth to Yankel Gebotszjraber (Jack Gilbert), the brother of Lena R. Gilbert, who came to the United States in 1949 where he lived in Cedar Rapids before graduating with honors, from California Polytechnic State University in San Louis Obispo.

1948(25thof Shevat, 5708): Sixty-eight year old Belorussian born Columbia graduate Simeon Strunsky who began as an editor for the New International Encyclopedia before eventually joining the editorial staff of the New Yok Times in 1924 passed away today.

1948: Dr. Alexander Marx will be the guest of honor at dinner being held at the Jewish Theological Seminary in New York to recognize his 45 years of service to JTS as a teacher and librarian.

1948: In Hollywood, Melrose (née Moore) a Presbyterian from Arkansas and Arnold Nathan Herzstein, a Jewish horse racing columnist gave birth to Barbara Lynn Herzstein who gained game as actress Barbara Hershey.

1949: “Tarzan’s Magic Fountain” the fifth in the series of Tarzan films directed by Lee Sholem, produced by Sol Lesser and with a script co-authored by Curt Siodmark was released today in the United States

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that the cabinet held an extraordinary meeting, under the chairmanship of Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion, to consider the recent frequent outbreaks of violence and infiltration across the Jordanian border, including the derailing, of a goods train near Kalkilya,.

1956: Birthdate of Weizman Shiry. A native of Beersheba, this son of Iraqi Jews served in the Knesset as a member of the Labor Party.

1958: United Artists released “The Quite American,” the cinematic version of the novel of the same name which was written and directed by Joseph L. Mankiewicz and featured Fred Sadoff as “Dominguez.”

1959: “Redhead,” a musical with music composed by Albert Hague and lyrics by Dorothy Fields, who with her brother, Herbert, along with Sidney Sheldon wrote the libretto opened on Broadway at the 46th Street Theatre.

1960: “University of New Mexico coach Marv Levy is named head football coach at the University of California, Berkley.” (As reported by Bob Wechsler)

1962: In Hollywood Jewish thespians Vic Morrow and Barbara Turner gave birth to Jennifer Leigh Morrow who gained famed as actress Jennifer Jason Leigh.

1964: “Man in the Middle” a film based on a novel by Howard Fast, featuring Sam Wanamaker and Al Waxman was released in the United States today.

1967: Ninety-two year old Martin Saxe, who when a New York State Senator responded to Bertha Rayner Frank having been turned away from a New Jersey hotel because she was Jewish that would have banned such behavior in the state of New York.

1971: Seventy-eight year old Hungarian communist politician who repudiated his Jewish faith passed away today.

1972: “When Michael Calls” a horror film starring Michael Douglas, Marian Waldman and Al Waxman and with music by Lionel Newman premiered today on ABC.

1974: “On his way home from Cuba Brezhnev told representatives of Canadian Jewish Community of St. Johns at Gander airport, Newfoundland that the real figure of Soviet Jews wanting to emigrate was 3,500 and not 500,000 quoted by the group” and the he refused “to intervene in the case of Sylva Zalmanson, who is currently serving 10 year labor camp sentence.”

1974: “The Lovell Beach House located on the Balboa Peninsula in Newport Beach, California” which “was completed in 1926 and is now recognized as one of the most important works by Austrian born Jewish architect Rudolf Schindler” “was listed as a Registered Historic Place in California” today.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lovell_Beach_House#/media/File:Lovell_Beach_House_photo_D_Ramey_Logan.jpg

1975(24thof Shevat, 5735): Seventy-seven year old movie producer Lawrence Weingarten who produced two Hepburn-Tracy films – Adam’s Rib and Pat & Mike – and who won the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award passed away today.

1975: The movie version of Report to the Commissioner with a screenplay co-authored by Abby Mann, music by Elmer Bernstein and featuring Yaphet Kotto and Bab Balaban was released today in the United States.

1977(17th of Shevat, 5737): Swedish physicist, Oskar Klein passed away.

1977: (17th of Shevat, 5737): Russian born chess player Izaak Boleslavski passed away at the age of 67

1980: The Egyptian Parliament voted to end the boycott of Israel.  This was one of the “fruits” of the Camp David Peace Accords. 

1983: Former Nazi Gestapo official Klaus Barbie was brought to trial today.

1984 (2nd of Adar I, 5744): Seventy-eight year old Manès Sperber an Austrian-French novelist, essayist and psychologist born in Austrian Galicia in 1905, passed away today in Paris. (As reported by Herbert Mitgang)
http://www.nytimes.com/1984/02/07/obituaries/manes-sperber-78-novelist.html

1984(2ndof Adar I, 5744): Michael Kogan the Russian born businessman who survived most of WW II living in Japan and who founded Taito Corporation in 1953 passed away today.

1987: An Italian prosecutor's report contends that a 1985 airport attack here was planned in Syria and carried out by the Abu Nidal organization, according to senior judicial officials. The report says the four gunmen in the attack intended to seize an Israeli airliner and blow it up over Tel Aviv, but were foiled when Israeli security men opened fire, the officials said. The report does not charge direct Syrian involvement although it notes evidence of links with the Abu Nidal group, the officials said.

1988: In Los Angeles, Donald E. Sanford Jr. and Debra Blair gave birth to sprinter Donald Sanford who “took up Israeli citizenship after marrying Israeli basketball player Danielle Dekel, who he met when they were both students at Central Arizona College.”

1988: U.S. premiere of “The Unbearable Lightness of Being” directed by Philip Kaufman who co-authored the script, produced by Paul and Saul Zaentz and starring Daniel Day-Lewis.

1988(17thof Shevat, 5748): Eighty-five year old Hungarian-born screenwriter, director and producer Emeric Pressburger who fled to Great Britain as the Nazis began to take over Europe passed away today.
http://www.powell-pressburger.org/Reviews/Emeric/LaDoaS.html

1989 (30thof Shevat): “Charles Z. Offin, an artist, publisher and art patron, died today in Mount Sinai Hospital. He was 90 years old and lived in Manhattan. A gallery at the Metropolitan Museum of Art is named for Mr. Offin in recognition of his gifts to the museum. He also gave grants to the Brooklyn, Guggenheim and Tel Aviv museums and endowed arts projects at universities. Mr. Offin was art editor of The Brooklyn Eagle and editor and publisher of the magazine Pictures on Exhibit. He also was director of the Etchers Guild. In World War II, he worked for the Office of Strategic Services, the forerunner of the Central Intelligence Agency.
http://www.nytimes.com/1989/02/08/obituaries/charles-z-offin-90-artist-and-art-patron.html

1989: The New York Times features a brief review of Past Continuous by Yaakov Shabtai, translated by Dalya Bilu.

1990: Ninety-four year old Père Marie-Benoît a Capuchin Franciscan friar who helped smuggle approximately 4,000 Jews into safety from Nazi-occupied Southern France passed away.  He had been named as one the “Righteous Among the Nations.”
http://www.jewishbookcouncil.org/book/pere-marie-benoit-and-jewish-rescue-susan-zuccotti?A=SearchResult&SearchID=4398624&ObjectID=6650851&ObjectType=35

1990: The Israeli Army said its troops had killed five heavily armed Arab guerrillas in the western Negev region of Israel after chasing them for a short distance. The army said the guerrillas had crossed into Israel from Egypt through the Sinai and apparently had timed the infiltration to coincide with the second anniversary of the Palestinian uprising. But it was not clear then to which organization the guerrillas belonged.

1990: Prime Minister Shamir will face nine different parliamentary motions of no confidence, from both left- and right- wing opponents today in Jerusalem.

1992(1st of Adar I, 5752): Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1992(1stof Adar I, 5752): Eighty year old New Jersey native Walter Wallace “Walt” Singer the Syracuse and NFL football player who played college baseball with his twin broth Milton passed away today.

1993: “3 Arts Entertainment a Beverly Hills–based talent management and television/film production company founded by Erwin Stoff in 1991” today released its first movie, “Loaded Weapon 1.”

1993(14thof Shevat, 5753): Ninety-four year old media mogul Sidney Lewis Bernstein the son of Alexander and Jane Bernstein who was elevated to the peerage as Baron Bernstein passed away today.
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-lord-bernstein-1471201.html
http://www.nytimes.com/1993/02/07/obituaries/lord-bernstein-94-of-granada-television.html

1993: “The Vanishing” an American re-make of a Dutch film by the same name produced by Larry Brezner and directed by George Sluizer who “was accused by Israeli officials of a 'modern blood libel' for his claims – which in 2010 finally achieved front page level publicity in Israel – that he had witnessed the then Defense Minister Ariel Sharon personally shooting two Palestinian children from close range near the Sabra-Shatilla refugee camp in 1982” was released in the United States today.

1993 (14th of Shevat, 5753): Joseph L Mankiewicz, director and writer, passed away at the age of 83. (As reported by Peter Flint)
http://www.nytimes.com/1993/02/06/movies/joseph-l-mankiewicz-literate-skeptic-of-the-cinema-dies-at-83.html

1993 (14th of Shevat, 5753): Hans Jonas, who fled Nazi Germany and became an influential philosopher, passed away at his home in New Rochelle, N.Y. at the age of  89. (As reported by Eric Pace)
http://www.nytimes.com/1993/02/06/nyregion/hans-jonas-influential-philosopher-is-dead-at-89.html

1994(24thof Shevat, 5754): Seventy-four year old Czarna(née Zielinski) Levy, the native of Poltusk and wife of Reuven Levy passed away today in Tel Aviv.

1996(15thof Shevat, 5756): Tu B’Shevat

1997:  The so-called Big Three banks in Switzerland announce the creation of a $71 million fund to aid Holocaust survivors and their families.

1999(19th of Shevat, 5759): Ninety-three year old  Wassily Leontief Russian born American Nobel Prize winning economist, passed away.
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economic-sciences/laureates/1973/leontief-bio.html

1999: The Times of London features a review of The World’s Banker: The history of the House of Rothschild by Niall Ferguson

1999: “The Last Day” an Oscar winning documentary that ‘tell the story of five Hungarian Jews during the Holocaust” was released today in the United States.

2003: Ernst Zündel, “A German publisher infamously known for his Holocaust denial” was detained by local police in the US and deported to Canada, where he was detained for two years on a Security Certificate for being a foreign national considered a threat to national security pending a court decision on the validity of the certificate.”

2003: In “Murder In Monaco” David Kohn provides information about the death of Edmond Safra.
http://www.cbsnews.com/news/murder-in-monaco-05-02-2003/

2004(13thof Shevat, 5764): Eighty-five year old “Samuel M. Rubin, who was known as "Sam the Popcorn Man" for making popcorn almost as popular in New York City movie theaters as jokes and kisses,” passed away today. (As reported by Douglas Martin)
http://www.nytimes.com/2004/02/09/nyregion/09RUBI.html?ex=1391749200&en=e33f8d9c57aa1917&ei=5007&partner=USERLAND

2004: "Leha'amin" (To Believe) song David D’Or co-wrote with Ehud Manor “was chosen  in voting during the program "Israel Selects a Song," held during a break in a televised Maccabi Tel Aviv Euroleague basketball game in Tel Aviv at which videos of four songs sung by D'Or were shown” to represent Israel in the 2004 Eurovision Song Contest.

2004: Five weeks before opening in Israel, “Walk on Water” premiered today at the Berlin International Film Festival.

2005: The London revival of Sondheim’s Sweeney Todd closed today at the Ambassadors Theatre.

2006: Irwin Cotler completed his term as Minister of Justice in Canada.

2006: The New York Times featured books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including the recently released paperback edition of Tattoo for a Slave, Hortense Calisher's elliptical memoir that stretches across two centuries, and wrestles with a grim legacy as she comes to believe that her family — Southern, German and Jewish — may have been slaveholders.

2006: The Pittsburgh Steelers for whom punter Josh Miller had played from 1996 through 2003, defeated the Seattle Seahawks for whom Sam McCullum had played wide receiver from 1976 through 1981, in Super Bowl XL an event for which Rabbis Kasriel Shemtov and Yudi Mann of The Shul in West Bloomfield created the “Chabad Jewish Center at the Super Bowl”.
http://crownheights.info/general/1495/chabad-at-the-super-bowl-xl/

2007: Defense officials told settlers that it was still likely that the security fence would be constructed in the Judean Desert, even though work there had been halted last month due to environmental concerns.

2007: The board of NBC Universal named Jeff Zucker as the company’s chairman and chief executive officer.

2008:  In New York, the 92nd St Y sponsors The Beir Lecture Israel at 60 featuring Michael B. Oren who discusses the 60-year history of Israel and its quest for peace.

2008: Three Kassam rockets were fired at southern Ashkelon this evening.

2008: Pope Benedict has ordered changes to a Latin prayer for Jews at Good Friday services by traditionalist Catholics, deleting a reference to their "blindness" over Christ, the Vatican said today.

2008: A Simchah - Eli Sherman arrives in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.  Mother and father are doing fine.  Rabbi and Rabbi are doing fine as well.

2009(11thof Shevat, 5769): Eighty-nine year old Canadian director, producer and writer Leo Orenstein passed away today.
http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/thestar/obituary.aspx?n=leo-alan-orenstein&pid=123922595#fbLoggedOut

2009: Opening of the 13th NY Sephardic Jewish Film Festival

2009:The Yale Initiative for the Interdisciplinary Study of Anti-Semitism presents a lecture by Professor Jeffrey Herf, Department of History; University of Maryland entitled "Nazi Propaganda in and towards the Middle East during World War II and the Holocaust"

2009; The CUNY Graduate Center and the European Union Center of NY present a lecture and presentation marking 50 years of Israel's relations with the European community by Benjamin Krasna, Deputy Consul General of Israel entitled "Israel and Europe: An Insider's Perspective"

2009: The UN staff discovered five rockets north of the southern Lebanese town of Nakoura which ready to be launched against Israel. Milos Strugar, a UNIFIL spokesman, said the rockets were discovered along with a launching pad by a patrol of peacekeepers near Nakoura, where the UN force is headquartered.

2009: David Miliband “made a statement to the House of Commons concerning Guantanamo Bay detainee and former British resident Benyam Mohammed.

2009: Today British actress and ardent supporter of Israel Maureen Lipman “appeared in the third series of teen drama Skins, in the episode entitled "Thomas" as Pandora Moon's Aunt Elizabeth.”

2010: David Samuel Goyer announced he would be stepping down as FlashForward showrunner to focus on feature films and directing

2010: “Eyes Wide Open,” a film set in Jerusalem’s ultra-Orthodox community, is scheduled to have its New York debut at the Cinema Village in Manhattan.

2010: Deputy Foreign Minister Danny Ayalon arrived in Munich for an annual security meeting which was also attended by Saudi Arabia's Prince Turki al-Faisal.

2010: British Prime Minister Gordon Brown today called the record number of anti-Semitic incidents across the United Kingdom last year "deeply troubling", urging Britons to exercise greater vigilance. more

2010(21st of Shevat, 5770): Harry Schwarz, a South African Jewish leader and lawmaker who as an attorney defended Nelson Mandela, has died. Schwarz, who escaped the Nazis and came to South Africa from Germany in 1936, died today following a short illness. He was 86. As an opposition member of Parliament from 1974 to 1989, he was among the most vociferous campaigners against apartheid, according to a statement from the South Africa Jewish Board of Deputies. Schwarz in Parliament forcefully denounced the government's racial policies and spoke out strongly against anti-Semitism, the statement said. From 1990 to 1994, although still in the opposition, Schwarz served as South Africa's ambassador to the United States. As an attorney, he served on the defense team of Nelson Mandela and other anti-apartheid activists during the1963-64 Rivonia Trial. For his services to South Africa, he was awarded the Order for Meritorious Service: Class 1, Gold. Schwarz was active in Jewish communal affairs, serving from 1983 to 2000 on the National Executive, Management Committee and Gauteng Council of the Jewish Board of Deputies. He served as a navigator in the South African Air Force during World War II

2010(21st of Shevat, 5770): Beth Shulman, 60, a lawyer, author and union leader who fought for improving conditions for low-wage workers throughout her career, died today of complications from brain cancer at Georgetown University Medical Center. (As reported by Patricia Sullivan)
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/02/08/AR2010020803776.html
http://www.bethshulman.com/

2010: Chancellor Arnold Eisen sent an e-mail today that The Jewish Theological Seminary is eliminating the position of dean of its cantorial school as part of a major reorganization and consolidation at Conservative Judaism’s flagship seminary. Chancellor Arnold Eisen said that the restructuring would take place in lieu of closing the cantorial school — the course of action recommended by an outside consultant.

2010(21st of Shevat, 5770): Frank N. Magid, 78, the television "news doctor" whose survey research and advice to local television stations in the 1970s resulted in co-anchors who chatted between stories, fast-paced graphics, sports tickers and live shots, and a heavy reliance on both crime coverage and feel-good segments, died of lymphoma today at Santa Barbara [Calif.] Cottage Hospital. (As reported by Margalit Fox)
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/14/us/14silberman.html?_r=0

2011: Yoav Gal’s “Mosheh,” an opera loosely based on the life of Moses, is scheduled to have its last performance tonight in New York City.

2011(1stof Adar I, 5771): Rosh Chodesh Adar I 

2011(1stof Adar I, 5771): Eighty-six year old Charles E. Silberman, a journalist whose books addressed vast, turbulent social subjects including race, education, crime and the state of American Jewry, died today in Sarasota, Fla, He was 86. (As reported by Margalit Fox)
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/14/us/14silberman.html?_r=0

2011(1stof Adar I, 5771): Sixty-one year old “Miriam Hansen, a scholar of cinema who studied not only film itself but also the early 20th-century creation known as the film audience” passed away today in Chicago. (As reported by Margalit Fox)
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/13/arts/13hansen.html

2011: In Cedar Rapids, IA, the traditional minyan at Temple Judah celebrates Super Bowl Shabbat

2011: The Quartet – the UN, the US, the EU and Russia – “refused to heed the Palestinian call for unilateral statehood and instead continued to throw its support behind a negotiated solution, when it met today in Germany. ‘Unilateral actions by either party cannot prejudge the outcome of negotiations and will not be recognized by the international community,’ the group said in a statement it issued after the meeting.”

2011: Ed Sabol, the founder of NFL Films who helped to turn the professional game into America’s leading form of sports entertainment was elected to the Professional Football Hall of Fame in Canton, Ohio today.

2012: The Leo Baeck Institute is scheduled to present a recital by The Loewenberg Piano Trio

2012: The New York Times features reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including “Thinking the Twentieth Century” by Tony Judt with Timothy Snyder, “No One Is Here Except All Of Us by Ramona Ausubel  and the recently released paperback edition of J.D. Salinger: A Life” by Kenneth Slawenski

2012: The Los Angeles Times features reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including “What We Talk About When We Talk About Anne Frank” by Nathan Englander

2012:Home Front Defense Minister Matan Vilnai is today expected to call for increased investment to protect Israel's cities and national infrastructure.

2012:Amid growing reports that Israel is planning to attack Iran’s nuclear infrastructure and increased economic sanctions, Iran will attack any country whose territory is used by "enemies" of the Islamic state to launch a military strike against its soil, the deputy head of Iran's elite Revolutionary Guards told the semi-official Fars news agency today   

2012: Israel has not and is not interfering in the political crisis in Syria, Vice Prime Minister and Strategic Affairs Minister Moshe Ya’alon said today, adding that he did not think radical Islam would take over the country in case Syrian President Bashar Assad is ousted.

2012: At Lucas Oil Stadium in Indianapolis, Robert Kraft’s New England Patriots lost to the New York Giants which were co-owned by Steve Tisch in Super Bowl XLVI.

2013:Rabbi Riccardo Shmuel Di Segni, M.D., Chief Rabbi of Rome, Italy is scheduled to deliver an address entitled "The Jews of Italy, the Jews of Europe : an Overview and Update" Congregation Magen David in Rockville, MD.

2013: The American Association of Jewish Lawyers and Jurists (AAJLJ) are scheduled to host an Israeli Wine-Tasting Reception in Washington, D.C.

2013:Bulgaria’s Interior Minister Tsvetan Tsvetanov said today two individuals with links to Lebanon’s Shi’ite group Hezbollah were involved in a bomb attack on a bus in the Bulgarian resort of Burgas that killed five Israeli tourists last July and a Bulgarian national.

2013:The IDF stationed a third Iron Dome air defense battery in northern Israel today, amid escalated tensions following last week's reported air strikes in Syria.

2013: The New York Review of Books “began its year-long celebration of its 50thanniversary with a presentation by Robert Silvers at The Town Hall in New York City.

2013: Six incoming members of the 19th Knesset will have to have given up their foreign citizenship by today, the day when new MK’s are scheduled to be sworn as members of Israel’s parliament.

2013: “Obama Plans Visit to Israel This Spring” published today described the plans of President Obama to make his first visit to Israel since moving into the White House although he had visited the country while he was a United States Senator.

2013: Based on information supplied Chabad today marks the start of 32ndround of studying the 982 chapters of The Mishne Torah.

2014: Virginia Jewish Advocacy Day is scheduled to take place in Richmond, VA today.

2014: The Haifa Symphony Orchestra of Israel is scheduled to make its debut appearance in the United States at Bergen, NJ.

2014: Evelyn Rubenstein Jewish Community Center of Houston is scheduled to “Woman to Woman: The Power of the Arts to Transform Lives.”

2014: The Jerusalem District Attorney's Office filed charges in the city's District Court today against three Arab residents of eastern Jerusalem who planned a sadistic murder spree at a banquet hall. Anas Awisat, Basel Abidat, Ahmed Srur and Amru Abdu of Jabel Mukabar, aged 19 to 21, were charged with conspiring to assist the enemy in wartime. (As reported by Gil Ronen)

2014: Two air force fighter pilots have been handed short prison sentences and 12 others were tried for breaching military security protocols, after top-secret information was found on their smartphones, Army Radio reported today. (As reported by Itmar Sharon)

2014: Today the leadership of the Conservative movement responded to MK David Rotem’s statement yesterday that “The Reform movement is not Jewish…they are another religion” in a statement lamenting “the utter lack of leadership that makes these outrages so frequent and undermines the very aspirations that are the foundations of Judaism and the Jewish state.” Saying ‘The Jewishness of the Reform Movement is beyond question and in no need of defense,” the statement called on the government of Israel to censure Rotem and remove him from leadership roles.

2015(16thof Shevat, 5775): Eighty-five year old Holocaust survivor turned scam-artist Herman Rosenblat passed away today.(As reported by Sam Roberts)
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/22/business/media/herman-rosenblat-85-dies-made-up-holocaust-love-story.html?_r=1

2015: Sir Martin Gilbert, the official biographer of Winston Churchill and the author of 80 books on a wide range of topics including World War II, the Holocaust, Israel, to name but a few and who passed away on February 3 is scheduled to be buried today at Eretz HaChaim Cemetery in Beit Shemesh, Israel.  In addition to having the writing style of a novelist, Sir Martin was kind enough to answer repeated questions from amateur historians.  For those of you who think 80 books are a lot, consider that before illness stilled his pen he was working on a comprehensive history of the Jews of the United Kingdom.  Our hearts go out to Lady Gilbert who was his steadfast companion during these thirty four months when he fought back against the effects of hypoxia of the brain.   
http://www.martingilbert.com/
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/sirmartingilbert.html

2016: Professor Paul Dilley is scheduled to speak on “The Rabbis and the Persian Empire” in Coralville, IA.

2016(26thof Shevat, 5776): Eighty-three year old veteran New York Times correspondent Arnold Lubasch passed away today.
https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/10/business/media/arnold-lubasch-who-covered-crime-for-the-times-dies-at-83.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

2016(26thof Shevat, 5776): Eighty-six year old federal Judge Miriam Cedabaum who is best known for her role in the Martha Stewart case passed away today.
https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/07/nyregion/miriam-cedarbaum-86-dies-longtime-federal-judge.html?ribbon-ad-idx=3&rref=obituaries&module=Ribbon&version=origin&region=Header&action=click&contentCollection=Obituaries&pgtype=article

2016: The Hadassah Mission to Jerusalem and the Blooming Desert led by Marlene Post, Past National President of Hadassah is scheduled to come to an end today.

2016: “Carvalho’s Journey” which tells the exciting story of the trailblazing of the American West in 1853.is scheduled to have its San Diego premiere at that city’s 26thannual Jewish Film Festival.

2017(9thof Shevat, 5777): Yahrzeit of Rabbi Eliezer Silver, the President of the Union of Orthodox Rabbis who helped to organize the March of the Rabbis in 1943.

2017: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Weapon Wizards: How Israel Became a High-Tech Military Superpower by Yaakov Katz and Amir Bohbot, The Man Who Never Stopped Sleeping by Aharon Appelfeld, This Close to Happy: A Reckoning With Depression by Daphne Merkin and The New Brooklyn: What It Takes to Bring a City Back by Kay S. Hymowitz

2017: When the Robert Kraft’s New England Patriots take the field against Arthur Blank’s Atlanta Falcons it will be the first time since 2012 that both Super Bowl teams will be owned by Jews but regardless of whom fans favor in Super Bowl LI, they can all enjoy Sabra, the official dip of the National Football League.

2017: Robert Kraft’s New England Patriots, featuring the play of Julian Edelman defeated Arthur Blank’s Atlanta Falcons.
http://www.timesofisrael.com/patriots-star-julian-edelmans-5-most-jewish-moments/

2017(9thof Shevat, 5777): Eighty-five year old producer, arranger and composer David Axelrod passed away today.
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/16/arts/music/david-axelrod-dead-music-producer-composer.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0
https://www.discogs.com/artist/5451-David-Axelrod

2017: The Pardes Institute of Jewish Studies and the London Partnership Minyan are scheduled to a shiur by Rabbi Zvi Hirschfield.

2017: “John Singer Sargent’s Mrs. Carl Meyer and Her Children” is scheduled to come to a close at the Jewish Museum.

2018: The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to host guest speaker Rabbi Binyamin Miller, the native of Philadelphia and IDF veteran who is the director of the Alisa Flatow International Program.

2018: At the University of Virginia, the Brody Jewish Center is scheduled to host the “4th Year Seminar” Judaism and Post College Life” as well as a screening of “Rosenwald.”
2018: The YIVO Institute is scheduled to present “the launch of a new book of Isaac Babel translations with readings by translator Val Vinokur and discussion with Isaac Babel expert, YIVO’s Executive Director Jonathan Brent.”

2018: The American Sephardi Association is scheduled to present “The IV International Shashmaqam Forever Concert dedicated to Yunus Rajabi (1897-1976), a composer, musician, and scholar who collected, systematized, and transcribed more than a thousand songs and pieces from the Shashmaqam repertoire.”

2018: Some of “today’s great Broadway stars” are scheduled to perform “an extraordinary cavalcade of brilliant and beloved songs by our most illustrious Jewish American composers and lyricists” as part of the Great Jewish American Songbook at the Streicker Center.

 

This Day, February 6, In Jewish History by Mitchell A. Levin

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February 6

 337: Julius I began his papacy during which “he officially declared that the birth of Jesus would be celebrated on the 25th of December.”
http://www.whychristmas.com/customs/25th.shtml

1095: Henry IV of Germany who issued a charter to the Jews and a decree against forced baptism. He desired to protect the Jews even during the Crusades and granted favorable conditions wherever possible. He also permitted forcibly baptized Jews to return to Judaism. He did this partly because he viewed the Jews as valuable property. The Church criticized his actions.

1190: In England, the Jews of Norwich were massacred by a mob following a similar attack in Lynn.

1283: In England, a Justice of the Jews named Hamo Hauteyn, set up a commission to investigate charges against Jews accused of selling plate made of clippings or silvered tinplate to foreign merchants.

1298: King Jaime II had a Jewish man's property confiscated. Moses Avencurel of Elche was punished for taking part in an anti-royalist rebellion.

1413: The first sitting of a “disputation” in which the Jews must listen to the Treatise of Geronimo De Santa, a convert to Christianity, contend that the Talmud recognized Jesus as the Messiah. This disputation was ordered by Pope Benedict XIII and would last until November, 1414 with a total of 68 sittings.

1481: Several affluent men of the community in Seville, led by Diego de Susan, plotted to strike back at the Inquisitors.  He stated to his co-religionists: "Are we not the principal men of this city in standing, and the best esteemed of the people? Let us assemble troops; and if they come to take us, let us start an uprising with the troops and the people; and so we will kill them and avenge ourselves on our enemies!"

1508: Maximilian I was crowned Holy Roman Emperor. In the first decade of his reign, Maximilian would put an end to the attempts by some German nobles to banish the Jews from their realms.  Maximilian did this, not so much because he loved Jews, but because he saw these attempts at banishment as an encroachment on his imperial authority.  Wherever they lived in the empire, the Jews were the subjects of the emperor and not of any local lord.  Therefore only he could banish Jews.  Maximilian feared that if he gave way on his control over the Jews, who knew what power the nobles might try and take from him next. 

1521: Suleiman the Magnificent, whose reign was one of the highpoints for Jews living in the domains of the Ottomans, led his army west with the intention of conquering Hungary.

1640(13th of Shevat): Rabbi Israel Samuel Kalihari, author Yismah Yistrael passed away

1647(1st of Adar): Rabbi Azariah Figo (Picho) author of Giddulei ha-Terumah passed away

1649: King Charles II of England and Scotland was declared King of Great Britain by the Parliament of Scotland. While on the throne, Charles showed his support for the Jews.  In 1660, when Thomas Violet introduced a petition to have the Jews expelled again from Great Britain, a “Royal message” was sent “Parliament them to take the protection of the Jews into consideration.”  Violet’s petition was rejected.(The Great Trappaner of England': Thomas Violet, Jews and crypto-Jews during the English Revolution and at the Restorationby Ariel Hessayon)

1664: Birthdate of Sultan Mustafa II.  During his reign Ottoman forces conquered Belgrade again in 1690 and Jews were allowed to return to the city.

1685: James II of England and VII of Scotland becomes King upon the death of his brother Charles II. For once, a change in monarchs turned out to be a “win-win” situation for the Jewish people.  While still in the Netherlands, prior to regaining the throne, the Anglican “Charles had assured Amsterdam Jews that their coreligionists had no reason to fear his reemergence in England.”  How much of this was promise was due to personal beliefs and how much was the product of the substantial financial support the soon to be crowned monarch received from Dutch Jews is immaterial.  The fact is, he kept his word.  A group of London merchants who wanted to limit their competition petitioned the king to keep the Jews out of the country to protect the religion and welfare of his subjects.  “The targeted Jews” sought the King’s protection which he granted. In 1673, 13 years after Charles II’s coronation, “a grand jury…responded to anti-Semitic rabble rousing by indicting Jewish communal leaders for worshipping in public. When Jews threatened to leave England rather than endure loss of religious freedom, Charles had an order in council issued to halt the legal proceedings. And to make sure it did not happen again, King Charles gave orders “not to cause any more anxieties to Jews.”  During the first year of his reign King James II put an end to the custom of requiring the Jews to pay “the mandatory tax imposed on those who failed to attend the established church.”  The King declared that he did not want the Jews to be troubled about this ever again and only wanted them be able to “quietly enjoy the free exercise of their religion.”  What makes this all the more remarkable is that it took place against a backdrop of religious wars fought between English Catholics, Anglicans and Protestants.  While the Jews became victims of the religious wars on the Continent, in England they were able to survive and thrive.  This may account for the affection which Jews came to hold England and its later iteration as Great Britain.

1693: Royal charter granted College of William and  Mary, at Williamsburg VA.  Currently the most famous alumnus of this storied academic institution is Jon Stewart, award winning host of “The Daly Show” and featured speaker at the William and Mary’s commencement ceremonies in 2004.

1756: Birthdate of Aaron Burr, Jr. one of America’s less distinguished “founding fathers.”  Burr’s greatest claim to fame is his participation in a duel with Alexander Hamilton, whose mother was Jewish. Burr also played a role in the career of Sampson who was one of the founders “Jews Hospital” which became Mt. Sinai.  Born at Danbury, CN, he studied under Burr who was a New York lawyer before he went to become one of New York City’s first Jewish lawyers. 

1756: In response to King George II”s order that today be observed as a period fasting and penitence Isaac Nieto, the Cha-Cham of Sha'ar ha-Shamayim, the Spanish and Portuguese congregation also known as Bevis Marks Synagogue preached a “Sermon Moral” that was “published in Spanish and English in London, 1756.”  The English monarch proclamation was probably issued in connection with the Seven Year’s War.  The positive response of the kingdom’s Jewish community was an indication of how quickly it had become a part of the UK’s social and political environment.

1767: In Berlin, Deiche Aaron and bank broker Anschell Jaffe gave birth to Saul ben Anschel Jaffe, “a prolific writer whose work can be divided into three different areas: author, translator, editor/publisher.”

1776: Solomon Isaac, a Jew living in Philadelphia, enlisted as private in the Sixth Pennsylvania Battalion, part of the Rebel forces fighting the British.

1778: In Paris the United States and France signed treaties of alliance that, among other thing, provided French aid for the fledgling republic.  This helped to guarantee the success of the American Revolution which helped to create the site for the most prominent Jewish community in the diaspora.  The aid would also helped bring financial ruin to France.  This financial ruin was a catalyst for the French Revolution which had a major impact of Jews throughout Europel

1788:  Massachusetts becomes the sixth state to ratify the United States Constitution. Solomon Franco a Sephardic Jew was reportedly the first Jew to come to Massachusetts.  He settled in Boston in 1649. Judah Monis, a descendant of conversos is the next person of Jewish lineage connected with Bay State to appear on the scene.  He filled the chair of Hebrew in Harvard College from 1722 until his death in 1764. When and why Monis became identified as a Christian is a bit cloudy.  Could he be the first example of a Jew who swam through the baptismal font to secure a position in American academia?  The first significant Jewish settlers made their homes in “Massachusetts when the Revolutionary War drove the Jews from Newport. In 1777 Aaron Lopez and Jacob Rivera, with fifty-nine others, went from Newport to Leicester, and established themselves there; but this settlement did not survive the close of the war. A number of Jews, including the Hays family, settled at Boston before 1800. Of these Moses Michael Hays was the most important. In 1830 a number of Algerian Jews went to Boston, but they soon disappeared. The history of the present community begins with the year 1840, when the first congregation was established.”

1788 : Two days after he died erev Shabbat, Avrahom ben Baruch was buried in the Plymouth Hoe Burial Ground.

1799(1st of Adar I, 5559): Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1801: Birthdate of Salomon Herxheimer, of Dotzheim in Wiesbaden who became the Chief Rabbi of Anhalf-Bernburg.

1804: Seventy-year old Joseph Priestly the English theologian and chemist who in 1786 published his Letters to the Jews in which he urged them to convert which led David Levi to respond with his three-volume Dissertation on the Prophecies of the Old Testamentpassed away today.

1818: One of two birthdates for Germain Sée the French physician from Ribeauvillé

1822(15thof Shevat, 5582): Tu B’Shevat

1838: Birthdate of Sir Henry Irving, the English actor who gained fame for his portrayal of Mathias in “The Bells,” a version of Erckmann-Chatrian's Le Juif polonais by Leopold Lewis, a property which Irving had found for himself.

1838: Birthdate of Yisrael Meir Kagan also known as the Chofetz Chaim. He passed away in September of 1933.
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/chofetz.html

1839: Birthdate of Ferdinand Forzinetti, one of the first French officers to come to the conclusion that Captain Dreyfus was innocent.

1839:Moshe Yehoshua Yehuda Leib Jusha Diskin and Sara Sonia Diskin gave birth to Yitzhak Yeruham Diskin.

1839: In Charleston, SC, A.J. Moses of Cheraw, SC wed Octavia Harby, “the daughter of the late Isaac Harby.”

1839: In Charleston, SC, Lewis Hertz married Esther Peixotto, the “eldest daughter of the late Solomon C. Peixotto.”

1840:  Signing of the Treaty of Waitangi, the document making New Zealand a British colony.  By this time, there were at least 30 Jews living in the area.  David Nathan is credited with founding the first Jewish community at Aukland, in the same year that New Zealand became a colony.

1840: In Hanover, German banker Adolph Meyer and his wife gave birth to banker Sigmund Meyer the grandson of banker Simon Meyer.

1841(15thof Shevat, 5601): Tu B’Shevat

1845: In Ottenberg, Germany, Lazarus Strauss and his second wife Sara gave birth to Isidor Strauss, the first of their five children who would become co-owner of Macy’s and die when the Titanic sank.

1849: In Worms, Germany wedding of Abraham and Clara Kuhn.

1849: In Worms, Wilhelmine "Mindel" Freudenberg and Nathan Blun gave birth to Rosalie Ida Blun who gained fame as Ida Straus, the wife of Isidor Straus, the co-owner of Macy’s.

1853: In Madison, Indiana, Aaron Marks and Sarah August gave birth to Martin A. Marks, the husband of Belle Hays who moved to Cleveland in 1887 and whose activities included be a “member of the firm of A. Marks and Son founded by his father in 1847” as well as a series of communal activities including serving as “treasurer of the Covenant Endowment Fund of District Grand Lodge, No. 2, Independent Order of B’nai B’rith and President of Tefereth Israel.”

1855: It was reported today that "two German Jews" were arrested and charged with "stealing two pieces of black silk with a value of $131.00 from the Importing House of Henry E. Leyrain in New York City. According to the charge, one of the men would appear to be pricing an item while the other would be hiding an item in his coat.  After appearing before a judge at the Tombs, the two were bound over for trial. [How the Times discovered their religion is one question. Why the two are identified by their religion is another question since such practice was not common with those belong to other religious groups.]

1869: La Périchole, “an opéra bouffe in three acts by Jacques Offenbach” was performed in Sockholm for the first time today

1870: In Brixton, a suburb of London, James Yalden and his wife gave birth to James Ernest Grant Yalden who became head “of a special new school to prepare Jewish immigrants for jobs” in American which was the brainchild, and supported by, the trustee of the Baron de Hirsch fund in America.”

1871: Birthdate of Yonah ben Amitai the native of Minsk who came to the United States in 1888 where he gained fame as John Paley, the author and editor of a Yiddish daily paper.

1872:Benjamin Franklin Peixotto, the U.S. Counsel at Bucharest wrote to the Secretary of State that reports describing the attacks the Jews had suffered in several towns in Bessarabia and Romania as a result of which hundreds of Jews had fled across the Danube to seek refuge in Turkey.

1872: Birthdate of German-born author Theodor Lessing.  After the Nazis came to power, Lessing fled to Czechoslovakia where he was murdered in broad day light by Nazi supporters.

1873: The Hebrew Charity Ball took place this evening at the Academy of Music in Philadelphia, PA.

1874(19thof Shevat, 5634): Fifty-five year old Mayer Amschel de Rothschild the fourth and youngest son of Nathan Mayer Rothschild who was named for his grandfather, the patriarch of the Rothschild family and whose only daughter Hannah became the Countess of Rosebery, the wife of the Earl of Rosebery, the Prime Minister in the 1890’s and one of the wealthiest women in Europe, passed away today.

1875(1stof Adar I, 5635): Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1876: It was reported today that Rabbi Brown addressed the Indianapolis (Indiana) Young Men’s Christian Association on the subject of the “Harmony of all creeds on the Principle of Love.”

1876: It was reported today that the Purim Association will host a ball at Delmonico’s on March 7.  The association expects a larger crowd than in the past due to its recent decision to increase its membership.

1876: According to reports published today, the Jews of New York are planning on issuing a call for a national meeting to discuss plans for creating a college designed to teach the Hebrew language and literature and to establish a system of Jewish education.

1879: It was reported on Zebulon Baird Vance’s last day as Governor of North Carolina that he has pardoned the only Jewish person imprisoned in the state’s penitentiary.  This unnamed Jew had been sentenced to serve 10 years for manslaughter.  Of the pardon, Vance wrote that he took pleasure in issuing the pardon as recognitions of the good and law abiding character of the state’s Jewish citizens.  According to Vance, this episode was “the first serious case ever brought to my notice on the part of any of that people.”

1880: It was reported today that Isaac Adolphe  Cremieux, the Jewish-French, political leader  is seriously ill.  He currently is serving as a “life Senator.”

1881: In Edinburg, Scotland, Professor Robertson Smith delivered a lecture on the “Spirit of Hebrew Poetry.”  He believes that the “Canticles’ (another name for the Song of Songs” is simply a love poem and that the Book of Job was written after the Exile and should not be viewed as historical literature.

1883(29thof Shevat, 5643): Seventy-four year old Raphael Jonathan Bischoffsheim passed away. Born at Mayence in 1808, he gained fame as a Belgian financier and philanthropist (As reported by Singer, Bloch and Weill)

1883: In Cape Town, Isaac and Esther Abrahams gave birth to Sir Adolphe Abrahams, the British doctor who “was the medical officer in charge of the British Olympic teams from 1912 until 1948.”

1887: Birthdate of Ernest Henry Gruening, the Senator from Alaska who joined in Wayne Morse in being the only two to vote against the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution.

1888 (24th of Shevat, 5648):Rebbetzin Menuchah Rachel Slonim, daughter of Rabbi DovBer of Lubavitch and granddaughter of Rabbi Schneur Zalman of Liadi, passed away. She was born on Kislev 19, 5559 (1798 on the secular calendar) -- the very day on which her illustrious grandfather was freed from his imprisonment in the Peter-Paul Fortress in Petersburg; she was thus named "Menuchah", meaning "tranquility" (Rachel was the name of a daughter of Rabbi Schneur Zalman who died in her youth). The Rebbetzin's lifelong desire to live in the Holy Land was realized in 1845, when she and her husband, Rabbi Yaakov Culi Slonim, who passed away in 1857,led a contingent of Chassidim who settled in Hebron. Famed for her wisdom, piety and erudition, she served as the matriarch of the Chassidic community in Hebron until her passing in her 90th year in 1888.

1889: In Prudnik, Poland Max and Hedwig Pinkus gave birth to Alice Babette Cäcilie Herzfeld

1890: The Hofburgtheater produces Herzl's comedy "Die Dame in Schwarz" - "The Lady in Black". The play is condemned as hokum by the critics.

1891: In Vienna, Johanna and Herman Joseph Popper gave birth to William Popper, the husband of Annie Popper

1891: Herzl's best friend, Heinrich Kana, commits suicide in Berlin. After Herzl receives the message, he sets out for a three week journey to Italy and South France.

1893: Following today’s scheduled performance of “Lady Windermere’s Fan” produced by Charles Frohman at Palmer’s Theatre, the cast of the production will sent on the road “under Frohman’s personal management.

1893: It was reported today that of 1,100 inmates at the workhouse on Blackwell’s Island, 5 of them are Jews.  Of the 800 prisoners in the Kings County Penitentiary, 7 are Jews. In the whole state of New York, which has the largest Jewish population of any state in the United States, fewer than 350 of those in prison are Jews.

1893: It was reported today that “with a view to promoting the organization of a society to be called the Jewish Aid Association for the Relief of the Unfortunate, the Jewish Ministers’ Association has published a sketch of the work of its prison chaplain Rabbi Adolph M. Radin.”

1893: Samuel J. Cohn, who had been a successful lace merchant, was still being held today on charges that he had collected over $500 by posing as an agent of the United Hebrew Charities.

1893: It was reported today that the Central Labor Federation has “received a letter from the International Typographical Union asking why the Federation had protested against the issuance of a charter to the Hebrew Typographical Union.”

1893: “Central Labor Union” published today described allegations by that body that the United Hebrew Charities has used money from the Baron Hirsch Fund “to import thousands of poor and persecuted Hebrews, who in turn underbid American workmen in the labor.”  (For those not acquainted with the immigration and labor battles of the 19th and 20th centuries, this is the double whammy – “The Jews” are using their money to take jobs from American workers and give them to foreigners.)

1894: Among those charities that benefited from today’s distribution of the theatrical and concert license moneys were: Montefiore Home, $500; Home for Aged and Infirm Hebrews, $350; Beth Israel Hospital.

1894: Sixty-four year old Prussian born Austrian surgeon Theodor Billroth who in 1876 triggered a “storm at Austrian universities with his “criticism of what he considered the disproportionately large share of Jewish medical students from Hungary and Galicia” and his strongly stated belief that Jews could never be real Germans passed away today.

1897(4thof Adar, 5657): Fifty-eight year old Morris Goodhart, a prominent New York lawyer, passed away today.  Born in Amsterdam in 1838, he came to the United States in 1846 and graduated from Yale Law School in 1867.  In 1869, he married the daughter of Philip J. Joachimsen, a prominent jurists and leader of the New York Jewish community.

1897: A significant number of Jewish men and women attended a meeting at the New York Presbyterian-Hebrew Church Mission on Forsyth Street where they expected to proposals about how to deal with the poor living on the East Side.  Many of the Jewish attendees were unemployed tailors who were suffering do to the economic downturn.

1899: The Hebrew Fair which will feature a speech by author Israel Zangwill is scheduled tonight at the Tuxedo in New York City.

1899: The U.S. Senate ratified the peace treaty ending the Spanish-American War.  There were fifteen Jewish crewmen aboard the battleship Maine when she blew up in 1898 in Havana harbor.  This was the “cause” of the war.   Approximately 5,000 Jews served in the war.  In 1898 there were reportedly four thousand requests for furloughs at the time of the High Holidays.  The first trooper in the famed Rough Riders was Jewish.

1900(7thof Adar I, 5660): Elijah Benamozegh, who “served for half a century as rabbi of the important Jewish community of Livorno, where the Piazza Benamozegh now commemorates his name and distinction and whose major work is Israel and Humanity passed away today.
http://www.jcrelations.net/Benamozegh%2C+Elijah.+Israel+and+Humanity.2552.0.html?L=3

1901: Herzl travels to London and tries to win Rothschild for his plan. Despite the efforts of British Zionists, Rothschild refuses to receive him.

1902:  Birthdate of famed attorney and author Louis Nizer

1902 Le Roy Eltinge, the author of Psychology of War which contained such anti-Semitic passages as “He doesn’t know what patriotism means”, “the soldiers lot is hard physical work” which “the Jew despises and “he does not have any of the qualities of a good soldier” – remarks which forced the War Department to order him to go over the book and remove all such objectionable portions – was promoted to the rank of Captain in the 15th United States Cavalry.

1902: Young Women's Hebrew Association was organized in New York City. According to the Jewish Women’s Archive, “Bella Epstein Unterberg held a meeting in her New York City home to discuss the founding of the first Young Women's Hebrew Association. At the meeting, at which she was unanimously elected president of the new association, a decision was made to establish a sister organization to the YMHA, a community center dedicated to the uplift—both social and spiritual—of young Jewish women.”

1906: It was reported today from Kiev that following the receipt of death threats in the mail from the Pan Russian League in Defense of the Holy Cross, “a great panic prevails among the Jewish population who are expecting a renewal of the anti-Jewish excesses.”

1906: “The restrictions on the residence of Jews in Moscow are again being applied with the greatest severity” and “many of them have been expelled.”

1906: Cyrus L. Sulzberger who had overseen “collection of the American fund for the relief of the victims of the massacres in Russia” said tonight that did not give any credence to the report from St. Petersburg that the Russian police “have obtained the lion’s share “ of the money sent to the country to aid the victims of the recent uprisings.

1909: Birthdate of Russian-born American composer Israel Citkowitz.  Citkowitz had an impact on the careers of Aaron Copeland and Elmer Bernstein.

1913(29thof Shevat, 5673): Seventy-seven year old David Fuld, a manufacturer from Albany, NY, passed away today.

1914: Birthdate of Baron Bernd Freytag von Lorinhoven, the native of the island of Saaremaa who was one of the last to escape Hitler’s Berlin bunker in 1945.
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/01/world/europe/01loringhoven.html

1914 (10th of Shevat, 5674):Rebbetzin Rivkah Schneerson passed away. She was born in Lubavitch in 1833; her maternal grandfather was Rabbi DovBer, the 2nd Rebbe of Chabad-Lubavitch. In 1849 she married her first cousin, Rabbi Shmuel, who later became the fourth Lubavitcher Rebbe. For many years Rebbetzin Rivkah, who survived her husband by 33 years, was the esteemed matriarch of Lubavitch, and Chassidim frequented her home to listen to her accounts of the early years of Lubavitch. She is the source of many of the stories recorded in the talks, letters and memoirs of her grandson, Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak (the sixth Lubavitcher Rebbe). The Beth Rivkah network of girls' schools, founded by Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak in the 1940's, is named after her.

1916: “More than $125,000 was subscribed for the Jewish war sufferers in an hour following the appeal of Rabbis J.L. Magnes and Nathan Krass to an audience of Jews and Gentiles in the Academy of Music in Brooklyn tonight.

1916: “Many letters reaching the American Jewish Relief Committee show how wide-spread among Jews and Gentiles alike is the desire to assist Jewish relief work” including the one from Plymouth, MA, that read:

“Dear Mr. Warburg, Please find enclosed $2 for the Jewish relief.  The Jesus of the Christian was a Jews. I wish I could give more but, will send the little I can spare.” Signed “A Christian Woman.”

1917: The Jewish Telegraphic Agency (JTA) was founded today “by Jacob Landau as the Jewish Correspondence Bureau with the mandate of collecting and disseminating news among and affecting the Jewish communities of the Diaspora.”
http://www.jta.org/

1917(14thof Shevat, 5677): Seventy-seven year old German physiologist Julius Bernstein, the son of Aron Bernstein, a founder of the Reform Congregation in Berlin and the father of mathematician Felix Bernstein.
http://www.nncn.de/en/the-network/bernsteina

1917: Edouard A. Drumont, French anti-Semitic journalist, dies at 72.  His book La France Juive (Jewish France) attacked the role of Jews in France and argued for their exclusion from society. His newspaper “La Libre Parole,” played a leading role in whipping up anti-Semitic passions during the Dreyfus Affair.

1918: Austrian painter Gustav Klimt passed away. Klimt was not Jewish but many of his patrons were. Born in 1862, by 1898, Klimt had “managed to become the portraitist of the Jewish haute bourgeoisie in Vienna who, since the Jews had reached legal equality in 1867, had become a thriving force in commerce, finance, industry and art. Klimt's patrons were financiers, industrials and other members of the liberal (in the European sense) haute bourgeoisie. Ferdinand Bloch-Bauer (see Klimt's portrait of his wife below) was dominating the Austrian-Czech sugar industry. Karl Wittgenstein, another of his patrons, was often referred to as the "Austrian Krupp" and the creator of the steel cartel. August Lederer was the leading figure in the alcohol business in Central Europe. In the 1920s, he was considered ‘the richest man in Austria after Rothschild’".  Several of the works Klimt painted for his Jewish patrons were seized by the Nazis.  The recovery of these art works became a part of lengthy, difficult litigation in the post-War years.

1919: Rabbi Hyman Gerson Enelow who served “as a member of the Overseas Commission of the Jewish Welfare Board, which went to France in July, 1918” wrote today that “I am feeling fine. I feel that Providence is taking care of me as I have come out all right of every experience I have had.  At the different camps I have met many friends who have done so much to help the work while the commanding officers have been very obliging.”

1919: It was reported today that Julius Kahn, a Jewish Congressman from California, has expressed his “regret that President Wilson has seen fit to come out openly in favor of the Jewish State proposed by some of the English statesmen” and his belief “that if President Wilson had consulted the views of those members of the Jewish faith who have lived in the United States for many years he would have found that an overwhelming majority of them is opposed to Zionism.”

 1920:  Birthdate of Congressman James Scheuer who represented New York in the House of Representatives from 1965 to 1993.

1920: In Neutitschein, North Moravia, Margarethe (Markéta), née Gelb, Mannheimer and Jakob Leib Mannheimer gave birth to author, painter and survivor of the Holocaust Max Mannheimer
https://www.kz-gedenkstaette-dachau.de/current-news-136/articles/mourning-for-max-mannheimer-1920-2016-3188.html

1920: Birthdate of Tidor Rudas, the native of Budapest who survived Bergen-Belsen and who “was the impresario who brought Luciano Pavarotti out of the opera house and into the arena.”
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/17/arts/music/tibor-rudas-classical-music-impresario-dies-at-94.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&version=HpHedThumbWell&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=1

1921: "The Kid", starring Charlie Chaplin and Jackie Coogan was released. (Coogan was not Jewish.)

1921: In Washington Heights, Josephine (née Condon) and Bernard Gorcey, a Russian Jewish immigrant gave birth to David Gorcey, who appeared in the East Side Kids series and was one of the Bowery Boys.

1921: Temple B’nai Israel of Borough Park is scheduled to host a concert that will raise funds for Israel-Zion Hospital which is led by its new President, Newman Dube and Executive Director Boris Fingerhood.

1921: At the New Rochelle Hospital, Rabbi and Mrs. Richard M. Stern gave birth a daughter this morning.

1922: In Chicago, Lottie and Simon Wexler, “the found founder of Allie Radio, a mail-order and retail electronic firm” gave birth to Haskell Wexler, one of the ten most influential cinematographers of the 20th century.
https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/28/movies/haskell-wexler-oscar-winning-cinematographer-dies-at-93.html?_r=1

1922: Birthdate of Denis Norden, the London native who gained fame as writer and a “television presenter” and who “accidentally” found himself at Bergen-Belsen at the end of World War II.
http://www.express.co.uk/life-style/health/435134/Denis-Norden-A-cruel-disease-robbed-me-of-my-sight
http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-33230122

1923: Birthdate of Judge Harold H. Greene.

1925: Sid Terris lost an elimination bout for the World Lightweight Championship.

1926: In Manhattan, Harold Stone, “the heir to a fortune built from a five-and-dime store chain, and the former Elza Heifetz, the sister of violinist Jascha Heifetz gave birth to Barbara Stone who gained fame as “author and journalist” Barbara Gelb.
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/09/books/barbara-gelb-dead-biographer-of-eugene-oneill.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

1926: In the Bronx, Isaac Fein, a history professor and the former Chaya Wertheim, a schoolteacher gave birth to Rashi Fein, the health economist referred to as “a father of Medicare” who was the brother of Leonard J. Fein, the editor of Moment magazine.
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/14/us/rashi-fein-economist-who-urged-medicare-dies-at-88.html

1927: Birthdate of Bukovinian native and survivor Transnistira Zvi Laron who came to Israel for the first time in 1948 where he eventually became world famous endocrinologist best known for his work with a form of dwarfism known as the Laron syndrome.
https://www.healio.com/endocrinology/news/print/endocrine-today/%7B3d0e1ceb-3309-4899-84f7-c12033b7c82e%7D/zvi-laron-md-the-man-behind-laron-syndrome

1927: The Atlanta Journal reproduced the receipt of Major Rafael Jacob Moses (CSA) from 1865 for $40,000 of bullion which he was supposed to get to the remnants of the Confederate Army to pay for food and munitions.

1933: The NBC Blue Network broadcast an episode of “Flywheel, Shyster and Flywheel,” “a situation comedy radio show starring two of the Marx Brothers, Groucho and Chico, and written primarily by Nat Perrin and Arthur Sheekman.”

1933: Timemagazine published “Hitler Into Chancellor” an article that provides a contemporaneous account of the German leaders rise to power and plans for the immediate future.
http://www.time.com/time/subscriber/printout/0,8816,745087,00.html

1934: In France, Jewish political leader Leon Blum, chairman of the Socialist Party, promised to stand with Premier-designate Daladier as right wing paramilitary gangs battered at the doors of the Chamber of Deputies. This attempt to impose a fascist regime on France came before Vichy but explains why so many Jews were so quickly shipped to Drancy, the doorway to Auschwitz. 

1934: Following tonight’s right-wing anti-government riots historian Daniel Halévy “publicly declared that he “was now ‘a man of the extreme right’” which despite his Jewish origins would lead him to support the Vichy anti-Semitic pro-Nazi Vichy regime.

1935: Birthdate of New Jersey political leaders Loretta Weinberg has served as a member of the New Jersey Senate from the 37th Legislative District and was an unsuccessful candidate for Lt. Governor in 2009

1936:  In Washington, DC, Nehemiah Cohen and Samuel Lehrman opened the first Giant supermarket on Georgia Avenue and Park Road, NW.  Giant would grow to become a major supermarket chain in the Washington metropolitan area. In the 1950’s, Giant would be the first grocery chain in Washington sell challah in its in-store bakery.

1936: An editorial on the front page of the Voelkischer Beobachter, “Chancellor Adolf Hitler’s own newspaper” demanded “the death penalty for David Frankfurter, the Jewish student who killed Wilhelm Gustloff, the German leader of the Nazis in Switzerland.

1936: While addressing a meeting of Jews in London, the Bishop of Durham asserted that the present rulers of Germany are those who are “ultimately responsible for the assassination of Wilhelm Gustloff.”

1937(25thof Shevat, 5697): Parashat Mishpatim; Shabbat Shekalim

1937: Rabbi Hyman Schachtel is scheduled to deliver a sermon “The Strength Judaism Gives” at the West End Synagogue.

1937: Rabbi Louis I. Newman is scheduled to deliver a sermon “Will Democracy and Liberalism Destroy the Jew?” at Temple Rodeph Sholom.

1937: The National Conference for Palestine, whose attendees had had a chance to read “How Many Jews Can Palestine Hold?” by Joseph L. Cohen, opened today in Washington, D.C.

 1938: The Palestine Post reported that Ezekiel Altman, 22, a Jewish supernumerary constable, was found guilty of firing at an Arab truck on December 27, 1937, and was sentenced to death by the Military Court in Jerusalem. The prisoner heard the sentence with equanimity.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that in Tel Aviv, High Commissioner Sir Arthur Wauchope inaugurated the first automatic telephone exchange. Romania started the expropriation of Jewish private land properties in Bukovina.

1938: Edward M.M. Warburg and Dr. Milton Steinberg are among the speakers at the second Annual Conference on Jewish Affairs being held this afternoon at the Jewish Theological Seminary where the attendees will discuss “The Future of Judaism in America.”

1938: “A Jewish Who’s Who” published today provided a brief review of Who’s Who In American Jewry: Volume III 1938-1939 edited by John Simon a reference containing “8,477 full biographies” and additional 1,900 names “for which further information was not available.”
http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=9A0DE2D91F3EE03ABC4E53DFB4668383629EDE

1938: In “Terror Grips Jews In Rumanian Cities” published today G.E.R. Gedye continues his series on the frightening conditions facing the Jews that includes a description of Jassy as “the headquarters of the Anti-Semitic Cuzist terrorists.”

1938: Don Isaac Abravenel by Joseph Saracheck, “a biography of the 15thcentury Jewish scholar and statesman” was included on today’s list of “Latest Books Received.”

1938: Rabbi Louis I. Newman is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “Assignments in Utopia by Eugene Lyons: Russia, the Riddle; What Can Americans Believe About Communism” at Temple Rodoph Sholom.

1938: Rabbi Morris Lichtenstein is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “The Conflicts Within” at the Jewish Science Society.

1938: Rabbi Clifton Harby Levy is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “What Jewish Science Does” at the Centre of Jewish Science.

1938: Rabbi Samuel H. Goldenson is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “What Are the Perquisites of Cooperation?” at Temple Emanu-El.

1938: Rabbi Stephen S. Wise is scheduled to deliver a sermon “Prodigal Parents’ – Are Parents Always Wrong? Sinclair Lewis Answers” at the Free Synagogue in Carnegie Hall.

1939: While speaking “the school of politics in the Women’s National Republican Club” in Manhattan, “Brackett Lewis, the secretary of the American Committee for Relief in Czechoslovakia demonstrated a burst of unwarranted optimism about the future of the country when he “pointed out that the nation’s new president was not the candidate suggested by Berlin and that Jews had not been persecuted as Berlin had suggested to Prague’s ‘sincerity.’”

1939: On the eve of the start of talks in London about the future of Palestine, Arabs, under the leadership of the followers of Mufti of Jerusalem went on strike today which forced the British to impose a twenty-four hour curfew.

1940: In Berlin, “the Reich Association of Jews announced today that the Jews would be allowed to have a ration of twenty pfeddings worth of sewing materials each three months to repair clothes” but “as before, Jews will receive no rations cards for clothes, textile  goods, shoes or shoe soles.”

1940: Word reached to New York today that German author Dr. Eduard Fuchs who had been “violently attacked by the Nazi regime” because among other things “his second wife, the former Grete Alsberg was Jewish.”

1940: This evening. Dr. George N. Shuster, acting president and academic dean of Hunter College is scheduled to speak at a public meeting of the North Hempstead Round Table of Christians and Jews where the topic is “The Meaning of Democracy.

1941: Birthdate of Richard Cohen, the New York native who became a leading columnist with the Washington Post.

1942: Birthdate of Dr. James W. Lowen, author of Lies My Teacher Told Me: Everything Your American History Textbook Got Wrong in which he wrote that the prosecution of Robert Goldstein a Jewish German-American who produced “The Spirit of ‘76” “was consistent with Woodrow Wilson's targeting anyone suspecting of holding anti-British views, which the president claimed gave aid to Germany” which the movie did not.

1943: Upon arriving in “liberated” Algiers, Churchill discovered that the Vichy laws restricting the rights of the Jews of Algeria were still in force and insisted that they be repealed at once.

1943: Himmler received a report on the quantity of garments collected from Birkenau. The list included: 97,000 sets of men's clothing, 76,000 sets of women's clothing, 132,000 men's shirts, 155,000 women's coats and 3,000 kilograms of women's hair. The hair filled an entire railroad car. Children's items included 15,000 overcoats, 11,000 boys' jackets, 9,000 dresses and 22,000 pairs of shoes. The clothing filled 825 freight cars. Included in this inventory was also close to a half of million in American currency and $116,420 dollars in gold.

1943: Fifteen trains of deportees reached Birkenau from Holland, Drancy (Paris) and from Berlin. Five thousand on board were gassed.

1943: Rutka Laskier, a fourteen year old living in Bedzin, Poland writes in her diary: “Something has broken in Me. When I pass by a German, everything shrinks in me. I don't know whether it is out of fear or hatred. I would like to torture them, their women and children, who set their doggies on us, to beat and strangle them vigorously, more and more. When will this day arrive which Nica talked about ... that's one matter. And now another matter. I think my womanhood has awoken in me. That means, yesterday when I was taking a bath and the water stroked my body, I longed for someone's hands to stroke me ... I didn't know what it was, I have never had such sensations until now ...I met Micka today. I don't know with what these "dubious" lovers attract her, to the point that she refuses to get into a quarrel with them. They are so dazzled by her and think that every boy should be in love with her. Of course, I ascribe this to Janek, but Janek finds her disgusting (I don't know why). I think Janek likes me very much. But it doesn't matter to me, either way. Today, I recalled in detail the day of Aug. 12, 1942. I'll try to describe that day so that in a few years, of course if I'm not deported, I'll be able to remember it. We got up at 4 o'clock in the morning. We had a great breakfast (considering it was wartime): eggs, salad, real butter, coffee with milk. When we were ... ready, it was already half past 5, and then we left. There were thousands of people on the road. Every once in a while we had to stop, in order to let the crowd in front of us proceed. At half past 6, we were in place. We managed to get quite good seats on a bench. We were in a pretty good mood until 9 o'clock. Then I looked beyond the fence and I saw soldiers with machine guns aimed at the square in case someone tried to escape (how could you possibly escape from here?). People fainted, children cried. In short--Judgment Day. People were thirsty, and there was not a single drop of water around ... Then ... it started pouring. The rain didn't stop. At 3 o'clock Kuczynsky arrived and the selection started. "1" meant returning home, "1a" meant going to labor, which was even worse than deportation, "2" meant going for further inspection, and "3" meant deportation, in other words, death. Then I saw what disaster meant. We reported for selection at 4 o'clock. Mom, Dad and my little brother were sent to group 1, and I was sent to 1a. I walked as if I were stunned ... The weirdest thing was that we didn't cry at all, AT ALL ... Later on, I saw many more disasters. I can't put it in words. Little children were lying on the wet grass, the storm raging above our heads. The policemen beat them ferociously and also shot them. I sat there until 1 o'clock at night. Then I ran away. My heart pounded. I jumped out of a window from the first floor of a small building, and nothing happened to me. Only my lips were bitten so bad that they bled ... When I was already on the street, I ran into someone "in uniform," and I felt that I couldn't take it anymore. My head was spinning. I was pretty sure he was going to beat me ... but apparently he was drunk and didn't see the "yellow star," and he let me go.

 Around me it was dark like in a closed cabin. From time to time flashes of lightning lightened the sky ... and it thundered. The journey that normally takes me half an hour I did in 10 minutes. Everybody was at home except Grandma, whom Dad released and brought home the next day ...

Oh, I forgot the most important thing. I saw how a soldier tore a baby, who was only a few months old, out of its mother's hands and bashed his head against an electric pylon. The baby's brain splashed on the wood. The mother went crazy. I am writing this as if nothing has happened. As if I were in an army experienced in cruelty. But I'm young, I'm 14, and I haven't seen much in my life, and I'm already so indifferent. Now I am terrified when I see "uniforms." I'm turning into an animal waiting to die ...Now to everyday matters: Janek came by this afternoon. We had to sit in the kitchen ... I told him that I had given away all my photographs. He got very upset. We were joking around; we spoke about "Nica and the gang." While we were talking he suddenly blurted out he'd like it very much if he could kiss me. I said "maybe" and continued the conversation. He was a bit confused; he thought I was Tusia or Hala Zelinger. I would have allowed [myself] to be kissed only by the person I loved, and I feel indifferent towards him. Then Dad sent me to deal with something. I had to leave. Janek accompanied me. While going downstairs I asked him, is kissing such a pleasant thing? And then I told him that I had already kissed before, what a taste it has (that's completely true). He burst out laughing. (He has a nice laugh, I must admit.) He said he was curious too. Maybe, but I won't let him kiss me. I'm afraid it would destroy something beautiful, pure ... I'm also afraid that I'll be very disappointed.” For more about a young Jewess who has been compared to Anne Frank, another diary writer see:
 http://judicial-inc.biz/6_5_rutka_laskier.htm

1944: Birthdate of actor Michael Tucker. Born in Baltimore, Maryland he is best known for his role as the nebbish tax attorney, Stuart Markowitz on the television series, “LA Law.”

1944(12thof Shevat 5704): Phillip Max Raskin, editor of The Anthology of Modern Jewish Poetry and author of New Songs of a Jew died
https://archive.org/details/songsofjew00raskiala
https://www.familyfriendpoems.com/poem/the-eternal-riddle-by-p-m-raskin

1946: Two Jews who were plowing a field near Ramle were wounded by an unknown number of attacking Arabs.

1946: After one of their men had been killed tonight during an attack on the headquarters of an East African soldiers' camp just south of Jaffa-Tel Aviv, British soldiers stormed into the near-by Jewish community of Holon and began firing at “anything that moved.” Apparently the soldiers were not content to fire their weapons since of the fatalities was a 15 year old boy who had been stabbed to death.

1946 (5th of Adar I, 5706): Fifty-year old Ben Zion Shenkar, the director of a knitting mill and the vice chairman of the Community Council in Cholon was murdered by rampaging British troops who shot up the town after an attack on their headquarters. There are no records of anybody being held accountable for his death.

1947: Birthdate of Daniel Yergin, the Los Angeles born author, economist and co-founder of Cambridge Energy Research Associates.

1949(7thof Shevat, 5709): Sixty-year old MGM studio executive and producer of the Academy Award winning best picture Broadway MelodyHarry Rapf, New York born son of Maurice and Eliza Brooks Rapf, the husband of Christian Rodin with whom he had two children producer Mathew Rapf and blacklisted screenwriter Maurice Rapf passed away today after suffering his second heart attack.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that Israel told Britain and the US that Jordan was entirely responsible for the current border unrest. The Mixed Israeli-Jordanian Armistice Commission censured Jordan for mining Israeli railway line near Kalkilya.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that Israel had contributed to "Watershood 1953," the Dutch Welfare Fund for the victims of the recent terrifying floods which claimed over 1,300 dead in Holland.

1954: Birthdate of “Érik Izraelewicz[, a French journalist and author, specialized in economics and finance.”

1955: Birthdate of Avraham “Avram” Grant the Petah Tikva native who became a successful “football” manager. (In the U.S. this football is called soccer)

1956(24th of Shevat): Composer Joseph Rumshinsky passed away.

1958: In Los Angeles, Sidney Miller, an actor, director, and writer, and Iris Burton, an agent, gave birth to Barry L. Miller who won a Tony Award as Best Actor for his portrayal of “Arnold Epstein” in Neil Simon’s “Biloxi Blues.”

1958: After surviving the McCarthy Era which led to the death of her husband, Gertrude Berg appeared on “The Ford Show.”

1961:Do-Re-Mi” a 1961 jazz album consisting of selections from the Broadway musical Do Re Mi, written by Jule Styne, Betty Comden and Adolf Green was recorded today at the Capitol Tower in Los Angeles.

1965: After seven previews and one actual performance at the Broadhurst Theatre, the curtain came down on the original Broadway performance the Mark Charlap musical “Kelly”

1967(26thof Shevat, 5727): Seventy-five year old Henry Morgenthau, Jr. who served as 52ndU.S. Secretary of the Treasury from 1934 to 1945 passed away today.
http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10007408
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/Morgenthau.html
http://www.jta.org/1967/02/08/archive/henry-morgenthau-jr-ex-secretary-of-treasury-dead-at-age-of-75

1969: The Jerry Herman musical “Dear World” which featured lighting design by Jean Rosenthal opened on Broadway at the Mark Hellinger Theatre.

1972(21stof Shevat, 5732): Seventy one year old Gavriel Mullokandov regarded by some “as the greatest Bukharin Jewish singer and musician” passed away

1972: A ground breaking ceremony was held today in Reno for Temple Emanu-El's new building. The dedication ceremony would take place in March of 1973.

1975: U.S. premiere of “The Strongest Man in the World” co-starring Phil Silvers and featuring Harold Gould a “Regent Dietz.”

1978: In Paris, two Sephardic Jewish immigrants from Tunisia gave birth Israeli singer/songwriter Yael Naim

1980: In a letter-to-the editor published today, Zachary Saletan, President of Moriches Duck Farm, takes issue with derogatory comments made by Patricia Wells in an article published on December 19 entitled “So You Want to Buy a Duck” about ducks sold by Empire Poultry.  Saletan contends that it was unfair to compare kosher ducks (Empire) with non-kosher fowl since the kosher birds have to slaughtered and dressed in conformity with the laws of Kashrut.  This requires a process which would account for the different appearance, texture, etc of the final product.  Saletan is doubly upset because Moriches supplies Empire with its ducks.

1983(23rdof Shevat, 5743): Seventy-two year old Polish native John “Jack” Grossman, a three sport all-star athlete at Rutgers who played professionally in the NFL for the Brooklyn Dodgers before moving to Chile where he played professional baseball and soccer passed away today in Hollywood, FL today.

1983: The New York Times publishes “Hebrew Poetry In Its Israeli Phase,” Edward Hirsch’s review of The Static Element: Selected Poems of Natan Zach; translated by Peter Everwine and Shulamit Yasny-Starkman

1984(3rdof Adar I, 5744): Seventy-one year old Dr. Solomon Schonfeld, the rabbi who saved thousands from death during the Holocaust passed away today.
http://www.hamhigh.co.uk/news/british_hero_of_holocaust_government_honours_highgate_rabbi_dr_solomon_schonfeld_for_saving_3_500_lives_in_holocaust_1_2013751
http://www.jta.org/1984/02/10/archive/solomon-schonfeld-dead-at-72

1985(15thof Shevat, 5745): Tu B’Shevat

1985: Four days after closing its premiere run in Los Angeles, Neil Simon’s “Biloxi Blues” opened at the Curran Theatre in San Francisco.

1985(15thof Shevat, 5745): Eighty-four year old Shelomo Dov Goitein, Jewish Arabist, historian and author of the 5-volume work A Mediterranean Society, passed away..
http://www.nytimes.com/1985/02/10/nyregion/shelomo-d-goitein-a-hebraic-scholar-dies.html?pagewanted=print

1987: Prisoner of Zion, Roald Zelichenok was released today in Leningrad.

1988(18thof Shevat, 5748): Seventy-two year old Marghanita Laski, the author and critic who was part of distinguished family of Anglo-Jewish intellectuals passed away.
http://www.nytimes.com/1988/02/09/obituaries/marghanita-laski-72-an-author-and-critic.html
http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/2003/feb/24/guardianobituaries.booksobituaries

1989(1st of Adar I, 5749): Seventy-seven year old Pulitzer Prize winning historian Barbara Tuchman passed away (As reported by Eric Pace)
http://www.nytimes.com/1989/02/07/obituaries/barbara-tuchman-dead-at-77-a-pulitzer-winning-historian.html

1990: The Egyptian authorities said today that the men they suspected of killing nine Israelis in a rifle and grenade attack on a tour bus near here on Sunday were Palestinians. That has come as no comfort to a dwindling minority of 40,000 Palestinians whose roots here, once firm, have weakened with time.

1990(11thof Shevat, 5750): Eighty-one year old attorney and Treasury Department Bernard Bernstein official passed away today.
http://www.nytimes.com/1990/02/07/obituaries/bernard-bernstein-aide-to-eisenhower-in-40-s-dies-at-81.html

1991: Today an Arab traveling on a bus got up and attacked a soldier with a knife.

1994(25th of Shevat, 5754): Seventy six year old Jacob Kurtzberg, the son of Austrian immigrants who gained famed as Jack Kirby passed away. He was one of the most influential, recognizable, and prolific artists in American comic books, and the co-creator of such enduring characters and popular culture icons as the Fantastic Four, the X-Men, the Hulk, Captain America, and hundreds of others stretching back to the earliest days of the medium. He was also a comic book writer and editor. His most common nickname is "The King."

http://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/08/obituaries/jack-kirby-76-created-comic-book-superheroes.html?pagewanted=print&src=pm

1995: In “Can Peace Survive?” published today, Lisa Beyer examined the status of the peace talks in Israel.
http://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,982457-2,00.html

1997(29thof Shevat, 5757): Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and President Ezer Weizman attended funerals and visited grieving families while thousands of Israelis went to pray at the Western Wall and assemblies were held at schools nationwide as Israel observed a national day of mourning for the 73 Israeli soldiers who died on February 4 when two Sikorsky helicopters collided.

1998: U. S. premiere of “Blues Brothers 2000” directed by John Landis with music by Paul Shaffer.

2000: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Trouble With Principleby Stanley Fish and a newly published paperback edition of Kaddishby Leon Wieseltier

2001: Elections for Prime Minister were held in Israel today following the resignation of the incumbent, Labour's Ehud Barak.

2001: Ariel Sharon was elected Israeli prime minister in a landslide over Ehud Barak.

2001 Richard N. Haass began serving as United States Special Envoy for Northern Ireland and Director of Policy Planning at the U.S. State Department.

2002(24th of Shevat, 5762): Max Perutz, winner of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1962, passed away.

2003(4thof Adar I, 5763): Eighty-seven year old journalist Herb Brit passed away today.
http://www.davidbrin.com/herbbrin/obituary.html

2004: “Focus on the Soul: The Photographs of Lotte Jacobi” opened at the Jewish Museum.
http://thejewishmuseum.org/exhibitions/focus-on-the-soul-the-photographs-of-lotte-jacobi

2005: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including “Unholy Alliance Radical Islam and the American Left” by David Horowitz

2005:  The New York Times reported that two sisters who were separated in Budapest in 1944 were re-united.  Unbeknownst to each other, they had made their separate ways to Israel in 1948 and had been living 45 miles from each other.

2005: Robert Kraft, the Jewish owner of the New England Patriots, received the Vince Lombardi Trophy, as his team won their third super bowl in four years. 

2005 (27th of Shevat, 5765): Russian born pianist Lazar Berman passed away at age 75 in Florence, Italy.

2005 (27th of Shevat, 5765):  Karl Haas, award winning host of the radio show “Adventures in Good Music” passed away.

2006: Ezekiel Isaac Malekar, the head of the Jewish community in New Delhi who “is the Honorary Secretary of the Judah Hyam Syagogue,  “was a key participant in the 15th International Conference on Human Integration which took place at Kirpal Bagh.” He was “a recipient of the Mahavir mahatma Award for preserving Jewish heritage and culture in India.”

2006: In one of the largest restitutions ever of art seized by the Nazis, the Dutch government announced that it would return more than 200 old-master paintings to the heir of Jacques Goudstikker, a wealthy Dutch Jewish dealer and collector who fled Amsterdam ahead of advancing German troops in May 1940.

2006: British Jewry was stunned and outraged over a surprise decision by the Anglican Church's General Synod to divest from companies whose products are used by Israel in the territories. The synod backed a call by the Episcopal Church in Jerusalem to divest from "companies profiting from the illegal occupation," such as Caterpillar, which makes bulldozers that Israel is using to build the separation fence. Several Protestant churches in the United States have adopted similar resolutions over the past two

2007: Jeff “Zucker became president and CEO of NBC Universal.

2007: Nine Star Hotel, winner of the 2006 Wologin Award for Israeli Cinema at the Jerusalem Film Festival will begin being screened in movie theatres in several Israeli cities

2007: In Cedar Rapids, Harold Becker, Chairman of Guaranty Bank and Trust Company and pillar of the Jewish Community, was surprised with a reception celebrating his 85th birthday and marking his 35 year tenure as Chairman.  Mr. Becker is driving force behind the Jewish Welfare Board, the community umbrella organization for the Jews of Cedar Rapids and surrounding communities.

2007: A Holocaust denier who gave his name as “Eric Hunt” wrote on an anti-Semitic website explaining why he had attempted to kidnap Eli Wiesel from an elevator in San Francisco on February 1.  Police would later issue an arrest warrant for what is described as a “New Jersey” man for on charges including kidnapping, false imprisonment, elder abuse, stalking, battery and the commission of a hate crime.

2007: Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert appointed Daniel Friedmann as the Minister of Justice today.

2008: Rosh Chodesh Adar I 5768

2008: The headsof one of the largest Palestinian clans in Hebron met with the Kiryat Arba local council chief and prominent leaders of the Jewish community in Hebron in what both sides described as a meeting of reconciliation. Sheikh Abu-Hader Ja'abri, the head of a prominent Palestinian clan and a relative of a former mayor of Hebron, and the head of the Abu Sneinah clan, Haj Akram Abu-Sneinah met with the head of the Kiryat Arba settlement council, Zvi K'tzubar, and the heads of Jewish settlers in Hebron.

2009: An exhibition entitled Woman with a Camera: Liselotte Grschebina: Germany, 1908 – Israel, 1994 appearing at the Ticho House Gallery of the Israel Museum comes to an end.

2009: A day after a Hamas delegation left Egypt without an agreement on a long-term Gaza truce, terrorists in the Strip fired two rockets at southern Israel. One of the rockets landed near a kibbutz in the Sha'ar Hanegev region, while the other hit an open area south of Ashkelon

2009: Eddie Schawartz, “the king of overnight radio in Chicago from the late 1970’s to the mid-1990’s …was laid to rest after graveside services at Waldheim Jewish Cemetery in Forest Park.

2010: Sidney Ferris Rosenberg returned to WFAN to host a special Super Bowl preview show from Miami.

2010: In an article published in today’s LA Times, Megan Strack describes the ordeal of Alexei Vaitsen, one of the few Jews who escaped from Sobibor, and has lived to be able to bear witness against concentration camp guard, John Demjanjuk.

2010: At Temple Judah, in Cedar Rapids, IA, Super Bowl Shabbat combines Tefillah & Tailgating with the Reading of the Ten Commandments.

2010: Cellist Alisa Weilerstein and Israeli pianist Inon Barnatan are scheduled to perform tonight at the Historic Sixth and I Synagogue in Washington, D.C.

2010: “A Matter of Size” is scheduled to shown this evening as part of the 14th New York Sephardic Jewish Film Festival.

2010:Tony Copti, a supporting actor in the Oscar-nominated Israeli film Ajami and brother of Ajami co-director Scandar Copti, was arrested this evening along with another brother for allegedly assaulting police officers during a brawl in Jaffa, and released several hours later.

2010:In a rare occurrence, Deputy Foreign Minister Danny Ayalon shook the hand of Saudi Arabia's Prince Turki al-Faisal during the annual security conference in Munich today.

2011:"Hitler and the Germans — Nation and Crime," an exhibition at the German Historical Museum that juxtaposes the Nazis' propaganda images and artifacts such as 1930s Hitler busts with footage and documentation on the regime's brutality and Germans' involvement in it is scheduled to come a close today.

2011: The American Sephardi Federation is scheduled to present a program entitled “Tableau Vivant: The Berberisca Ceremony (A Living Picture)” which is part “of the year-long series, "2,000 Years of Jewish Life in Morocco: An Epic Journey", presented Under the High Patronage of His Majesty Mohammed VI, King of Morocco.”

2011: The New York Times featured books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including “Ugly Beauty: Helena Rubinstein, L’Oréal, and the Blemished History of Looking Good” by Ruth Brandon and “The Last Brother” by Nathacha Appanah, a novel “inspired by the largely unknown story of 1,500 Jews who fled Europe only to be imprisoned in Mauritius from 1940 to 1945 after their ship was refused entry into Palestine (then under British rule)” that “recounts the heartfelt friendship between two boys: David, a Czech orphan, and Raj, an Indian-Mauritian grieving for the two brothers he lost in a flash flood.”

2011:As the Green Packers were defeating the Pittsburgh Steelers  in Super Bowl XLV in Dallas, there was at least one Jew rooting for the Steelers - Randy Grossman the tight end who earned four Super Bowl rings while playing for teams from “the Steel City.” On the other hand, according to Andrew Muchin, the Green Bay Packers might have not existed if it had not been for the unheralded efforts of Nate Abrams, a five foot, four inch “Jewish cattle dealer” who helped finance the Packers and who played for them in their first season.

2011:A colorful procession of dancers and musicians walked down the aisles and took the stage tonight at Tel Aviv’s Mann Auditorium, the venerable music venue where the sounds of Bach and Mozart are more often heard than the blares of huge Korzai trumpets and bangs of Doyra drums. In the stands some 2,800 Bukharan Jews and dignitaries – a handful of whom were dressed in the colorful traditional garb of the Central Asian community – clapped and cheered on the occasion of the Bukhara Jewish Congress’s 11th annual gathering.

2012: Israeli violinist Shmuel Ashkenasi, pianist Seymour Lipkin and the Jupiter musicians will perform Mozart’s Piano Quartet No. 2 in E-flat Major, K. 493; the Beethoven String Quintet in C minor, Op. 104; and Clarinet Quartet No. 2 inC minor by Bernhard Crusell, Finland’s first great master of chamber music at the Good Shepherd Church in New York City.

2012: Actor Mandy Patinkin who has star of stage, film and television, is scheduled to appear “in conversation with Than Rosenbaum” at the 92nd Street Y.

2012:Histadrut chairman Ofer Eini today announced that the general strike in support of contract workers will begin in two days.

2013(28thof Shevat, 5773): Eighty-two year old bridge champion Ira Rubin passed away today. (As reported by Paul Vitello)
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/11/nyregion/ira-rubin-bridge-theorist-and-champion-dies-at-82.html?hpw

2013: Sylvie Simmon and Liel Leibovitz are scheduled to discuss the life of singer-songwriter Leonard Cohen at the Museum of Jewish Heritage at 36 Battery Place.

2013: “The Other Son” is scheduled to be shown at the 13th Annual Broward County Jewish Film Festival.

2013(28thof Shevat, 5773): Eighty-nine year old Menachem Elon, the former Supreme Court passed away today and was buried in Jerusalem.
http://www.timesofisrael.com/menachem-elon-dies-at-age-89/

2013:Officials in charge of Bosnia’s national monuments said today they rejected an offer by New York’s Metropolitan Museum of Art to exhibit one of Bosnia’s most prized relics, a 600-year-old Jewish manuscript that remains locked in a museum which closed because of a lack of money.

2013: New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg today spoke up for academic freedom amid controversy over an event at a public college, despite stressing his distaste for the cause at hand.

2013:U.S President Barack Obama wants to host a summit between Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas during his visit here this spring, Deputy Foreign Minister Danny Ayalon said today.

2014: Anniversary of the birth Isaac Zaretski, “a Yiddish linguist, lexicographer and educator…who was one of the major figures of the movement to reform and standardize the Yiddish language in the Soviet Union.” (As reported by Yiddishkayt)

2014: The San Diego Center for Jewish Culture’s 24th annual Jewish Film Festival is scheduled to begin today.

2014(6thof Adar I, 5774): Eighty-seven CBS newsman Marty Plissner passed away today. (As reported by William Yardley)
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/12/us/marty-plissner-87-is-dead-led-political-coverage-at-cbs.html?ref=obituaries

2014(6thof Adar 1, 5774): Eighty-eight year old Pulitzer Prize winning poet Maxine Kumin passed away today. (As reported by Margalit Fox)
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/08/books/maxine-kumin-pulitzer-winning-poet-dies-at-88.html?hpw&rref=obituaries

2014: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to a panel discussion “Jews, Cities, Culture: Hamburg, New York, Kiev.’

2014: Amazon Video broadcast the first episode of “Transparent” a comedy-drama created by Jill Soloway and starring Jeffrey Tambor.

2014: Michael Steinlauf of Gratz College is scheduled to deliver a lecture in Yiddish on “Y.L Peretz in a Time of Revolution.

2014: The Third Annual Reelabilities: Greater DC Disabilities Film Festival is scheduled to begin today.

2014: The Haifa Symphony Orchestra of Israel is scheduled to make its first New York appearance at the Lehman Center for the Performing of Arts in Bronx

2014: Thousands of Haredi demonstrators demanded the government to reinstate payments to religious seminaries which were frozen earlier this week by Finance Minister Yair Lapid. (As reported by Adiv Sterman and Stuart Winer)

2015: According to todays “New York Law Journal” fifty-one year old Yisroel Schulman “has resigned as president and attorney-in-charge of NYLAG” “has stepped down amid a federal investigation into his alleged accounting irregularities” while serving as “head of a Jewish legal aid charity for low-income New Yorkers.”

2014: For the third time in the past 24 hours terrorists in the Gaza strip fired a rocket into the Ashkelon and Eshkol regions.

2015: The Roni Koresh Dance Company is scheduled to perform at Pace University’s Schimmel Center.

2015: The Eden-Tamir Music Center is scheduled to present Singers of the "Meitar" Opera Studio Of The Israel Opera “Bel Canto Gems”

2015: Funeral services were held today at Chabad of the Rivertowns for Ellen Brody.
https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/07/nyregion/ellen-brody-suv-driver-in-metro-north-crash-is-mourned.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=second-column-region&region=top-news&WT.nav=top-news

2015: “Educating Rita” is scheduled to shown at the 92nd St Y as part of the Women on Top series.

2016: As part of its “Power of Pictures” exhibition the Jewish Museum is scheduled to show “The Fall of the Romanov Dynasty” and “Aelita: Queen of Mars.”

2016: In suburban Maryland, Kelly Terranova and Mike Aronin are scheduled to appear at Shaare Tefila’s 5th Annual Night of Sweet Laughter Comedy Night.

2016(27thof Shevat, 5776): Shabbat Mishpatim

2016(27thof Shevat, 5576): Ninety-year old construction mogul John L. Tishman passed away today.
https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/07/nyregion/john-l-tishman-builder-who-shaped-american-skylines-dies-at-90.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

2016: A terrorist stabbed a 65 year old grandmother who was shopping with her family at a market in Rahat.

2017(10thof Shevat, 5777): On the Jewish calendar, yahrzeit Shalom Sharabi, the 18thcentury Yemen born rabbi, kabbalist and author Nehar Shalom.

2017: The Streicker Center at Temple Emanu-El is scheduled to host Canadian piano virtuoso-playwright-director-composer-producer-actor-recording artist Hershey Felder as Irving Berlin in a one-man bio-drama.

2017: “Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu today called for new international sanctions against Iran during his first meeting with British counterpart Theresa May in London.” (As reported by Raphael Ahren)

2017: Less than a month after becoming Governor of Missouri, Republic Eric Greitens “signed a bill into las making Missouri the 28th right-to-work state.

2017: Isaac Zolotarevsky’s 1910 melodrama "Gelt, Libe, Un Shande" (Money, Love and Shame) is scheduled to be presented at YIVO in a new English translation by writer/director Allen Lewis Rickman in a ‘rehearsed reading’ format.

2017: The Brookes Pub Meetup where Jews at Oxford Brookes University have a chance to meet and mingle is scheduled to take place The Cowley Retreat.

2017: “Israeli aircraft targeted three Hamas sites in the northern Gaza Strip this afternoon, hours after tanks shelled one of the terrorist group’s positions in the coastal enclave in response to a rocket attack earlier that morning, the army said.” (As reported by Judah Ari Gross)

2018: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to offer the first session of Radical Jewish Politics in Postwar America and Israel focusing on Arthur Waskow, Meir Kahane, Yoel teitelbaum, and Zvi Yehuda Kook.

2018: Prize winning concert pianist Eliyahu Zabaly is scheduled to play “selected pieces” at Harmonia Hall in Jerusalem.

2018: The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to host a Holocaust Memorial Day event featuring Czech native John Fieldsen who came to England with his brother in 1939 on the Kindertransport.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

This Day, February 7, In Jewish History by Mitchell A. Levin

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February 7

457: Leo I becomes emperor of the Byzantine Empire. As can be seen from this decree, Leo was no friend of the Jewish people. "Therefore We, desiring to accomplish what Our Father failed to effect, do hereby annul all the old laws enacted with reference to the Hebrews, and We order that they shall not dare to live in any other manner than in accordance with the rules established by the pure and salutary Christian Faith. And if anyone of them should be proved to, have neglected to observe the ceremonies of the Christian religion, and to have returned to his former practices, he shall pay the penalty prescribed by the law for apostates." Jews who converted in public but were found practicing “the faith of their fathers” faced a variety of punishments including loss of estates and possession, loss of the right to transfer property to their heirs and/or loss of life.

1413: In Aragon (Spain), Vincente Ferrer returned and assisted by an apostate Joshua Lorki (Geronimo de Santa Fe), known to the Jews as Hamegadef (the blasphemer) convinced Anti-Pope Benedict XIII to stage a disputation at Tortosa. It was presided over by the Pope himself and lasted for a period of twenty-one months in sixty-nine sessions. The Jews, led by Vidal Benvenisti and Joseph Albo, were faced with an opening salvo by Benedict when he made the expected outcome clear. Hamegadef attacked the Talmud as anti-Christian and urged its banning. None of the Jews' counter-arguments were officially recorded.

1497: The bonfire of the vanities occurs in which supporters of Girolamo Savonarola burn thousands of objects like cosmetics, art, and books in Florence, Italy. For once, the books of the Jews may have been spared since Savonarola, had expelled the Jews from Florence earlier in the decade.

1550: Julius III becomes Pope.  Julius had mixed record where it concerned the Jewish people which made better than most of his contemporaries or others who served as Pope. Julius confirmed the rights of the Jews in Ancona.  “He condemned the blood libel and forbade baptism of Jewish children without parental consent.”  At the same time, he was unable to stand up against the power of the Holy Office.  Under pressure from the Inquisitor General he collected copies of the Talmud and other Jewish books and burned them.

1569: The Inquisition is established in South America. About a half a century after the Spanish landed in South America, the Inquisition reared its ugly head.  Unlike the English colonies founded in North America in the next century and half, there was no place for religious toleration in New Spain.  Rather the hunt for all manner of backsliders including Marranos, Conversos or Secret Jews became part of Spanish culture in the New World.  When we study the history of Jews in the New World, hopefully we will have time to take a side trip to the little known secret Jewish communities in what later became Arizona and New Mexico.

1624:  The Jamestown City (Virginia) Census demonstrated that 38 year old Elias Legardo, a Jew, came to America in 1621 on the ship Abigall. Legardo was one of the earliest Jews in the Colonies.

1685: A document written today, a copy of which found its way into the archives of Breslau, “advised against the establishment of a Hebrew press in Silesia, ‘because there are three very large Jewish printing establishments at Amsterdam in Holland, whence books are sent by sea to Danzig and Memel, thus abundantly providing for the Jews of Poland and Lithuania.’"

1754(15thof Shevat, 5514): Tu B’Shevat

1791: Having passed the “De Judaeis law” which regulated the treatment of the Jews of Hungary, the Diet today appointed “a commission to study” ways to ameliorate the conditions under which the Jews of Hungary lived.

1791: In London, Moses Ancona and the former Hannah Montefiore gave birth to Moses Montefiore Ancona who lived in Barbados and Jamaica before settling in Pennsylvania where he used the first name of Moses, married Mary Ann Knapp, a practiced medicine until he passed away after contracting pneumonia.

1808: Henry Hart married Phoebe Myers at the Hambro Synagogue today.

1812: Birthdate of Charles Dickens.  The author of A Christmas Carol and David Copperfield was not Jewish.  But he did portray Jewish characters in at least two of his works.  The most famous was Fagan in Oliver Twist.  Eliza Davis, a Jewish acquaintance of Dickens, whose husband had purchased Dickens’ London residence, wrote a famous letter complaining about the Jewish characterization of Fagan.  Dickens saw himself as a friend of the Jews.  In his response he wrote, “Fagin is a Jew because it unfortunately was true of the time to which the story refers that that class of criminal invariably was a Jew.  But surely, no sensible man or woman…can fail to observe that all of the rest of the wicked dramatis personae are Christians and the Fagan is called a Jew, not because of his religion, but because of his race.  I have no feeling toward the Jewish people but a friendly one.  I always speak well of them whether in public or private and bear testimony to their perfect good faith in transactions as I have had with them.”  In Our Mutual Friend, Dickens created “Mr. Riah” a “totally sympathetic Jewish character notable for his gentle nature and great dignity.”  In a case of what some might consider role reversal, Mr. Riah falls victim to a gang of Christian moneylenders.  Mrs. Davis recognized Dickens’ sincerity when she gave him a Hebrew-English Bible as sign that he had “exercised the noblest quality men can possess – that of atoning for an injury as soon as conscious of having inflicted it.”

1817: Joel Hart was appointed by President James Madison United States consul at Leith, Scotland, and remained there in that capacity until 1832, when he returned to New York and resumed the practice of medicine. He was well known in Masonic circles in New York City. A native of Philadelphia, Hart received the degree of M.D. from the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons, London and he was one of the charter members of the Medical Society of the County of New York.

1819: In New York City, Sarah Nathan and Isaac Mendes Seixas Nathan gave birth to Esther Nathan who became Esther Lazarus when she married Moses Lazarus.

1838: Judah Joseph and Elizabeth Marks were married today at the Great Synagogue.

1838: Moses Levy married Alice Moses at the New Synagogue today.

1840: Isaac Samuel married Fanny Heilbronner in Paris, France today.

1845: Birthdate of Yaakov Dovid Wilovsky, the native of Kobrin, Russia who served as the Rabbi for several European communities including Vilna before moving to the United States  where he was lected “elder rabbi” by the Union of Orthodox Rabbis of America and chief rabbi of a Russian-American synagogue in Chicago Illinois.  He passed away in Safed in 1913.

1848: In West Maitland, Australia Julia and Lewis Wolfe Levy gave birth to Martha May Levy who became Martha May Cohen when she married Louis Samuel Cohen

1849(15thof Shevat, 5609): Tu B’Shevat

1849(15th of Shevat): Rabbi Nehemiah of Dubrovno, author of Divrei Nehemiah passed away

1851: In Darmstadt, Germany, David Simon and Elise Simon gave birth to Joseph Simon, a German immigrant who serve as U.S. Senator from Oregon and Mayor of Portland, Oregon.

1853: The executors of the will of Jonas Fränckel asked Zacharias Frankel to be president of the soon to be opened Jewish Theological Seminary of Breslau. Funds for this new Jewish institution of higher learning had been part of the late Fränckel’s will.

1853: "Jewish Plantation of Ireland," an article published today claimed that in 1703, James Harrington, the author of Oceana, had proposed that English Jews should be brought to Ireland where they could farm the land which produce revenues of "about four millions a year."  He claimed that Jews had "always showed their aptitude in all pursuits of agriculture."  How credible is this?  Harrington died in 1677 so it is unlikely that he was making any proposals about Jewish farmers in Ireland in 1703.

1862: During a debate in the House of Representatives, Congressman Hale of New Hampshire showed the impact of the Hebrew Bible on American culture when he responded to critics by stating that he would to Lincoln's Administration "as the old Hebrew Prophet said to the King of Babylon: 'Let thy gifts be to thyself, and give thy rewards to another, but I will read to the King the writing declared to me and the interpretation of it.'"

1869(26thof Shevat, 5629): Thirty two year old Swedish opera singer Eufrosyne Abrahamson, the wife of “Swedish businessman and patron of the arts” August Abrahamson passed away today “unexpectedly after a short illness.

1869: In Philadelphia, PA, Leon Levy Hyneman and Grace Marks Hyneman gave birth Edwin I. Hyneman who played football and baseball at the University of Pennsylvania from which he graduated in 1889 and eventually became a part of the Philadelphia baseball team which competed in the National League.

1870: Birthdate of Austrian physician and psychologist Alfred Adler.

1873: In New York City Henry Goldwater and Mary Tyroler gave birth to Dr. Sigismund Schulz Goldwater the superintendent of Mount Sinai Hospital and Commissioner of Health in New York City.

1873: Eduard Lasker delivered a speech today “in which he attacked the management of the Pomeranian railway” and exposed financial mismanagement by one of Otto von Bismarck’s “most trusted assistants” which led to his being a target of attacks from the Iron Chancellor.

1876: In Kings Count, the defense is scheduled to continuing presenting its defense in the sensational murder trial in which the state has accused P.N. Rubenstein of murdering his cousin Sara Alexander.

1878: Birthdate of Ossip Gabrilovich the Russian born American composer, pianist and composer who married the daughter of Samuel Clemens and who was the father to the last known lineal descendant of the man most people know as Mark Twain.

1876: A decree issued today was one of two decrees that regulated the behavior of the Jews of Ghent.

1878(4thof Adar I 5638): In Vienna twenty-eight year old Pauline Herzl, the older sister of Theodore Herzl, passed away after contracting Typhus.  After the creation of the state of Israel her remains would be laid to rest on Mount Herzl in Jerusalem.  Herzl named his daughter after his sister.

1878: Pope Pius IX who had been the subject of an ode by David Levi when he was elected because of hopes that he would be a progressive but turned reactionary, passed away today.

1880(25thof Shevat, 5640): Parashat Mishpatim and Shabbat Shekalim

1880: Seventy-four year old Kassel native and convert to Christianity Franz Ferdinand Benary, the orientalist and University Berlin associate professor of Old Testament exegis who “was the older brother of classical philologist Agathon Benary, passed away today in the German capital.

1883(30thof Shevat, 5643): Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1884: The opera “Nell Gwynne” in which Giulia Warwick (born Julia Ehrenberg) played the title role “was first performed at the Avenue Theatre in London” today

1889: In Bohemia, Jakob Bondy and Barbara (Babette) Bondy gave birth to Bohumil Gottlieb Bondy who died at Auschwitz in 194.

1890: Birthdate of Victor Alter, the Russian born mechanical engineer who as a leader of the Bund and the Second International.

1891: Myer S. Isaac said tonight that since the New York Trustees had begun receiving contributions from Baron Hirsch, they had been able to found jobs for 3,000 people most of whom were heads-of-households.

1891: In Neustadt, linen factory manager Max Pinkus,  the son of Josef Pinkus and Auguste Fränkel and Hedwig Pinkus gave birth to Hans Hubert Pinkus

1891: Joseph Klein, the president of a Hebrew Cemetery Association in New Jersey was convicted of fraud today.

1893: It was reported today that President-elect Grover Cleveland is considering appointing Isidor Straus to the position of Post Master General in his cabinet which will be sworn in in March.  The forty-five year old Straus is the brother of Oscar Straus who served as Minister to Constantinople in Cleveland’s first administration and the brother of Nathan Straus the Park Commissioner.

1894: “Theatrical License Money Divided” published today provided a list of the charities receiving funds including: the Montefiore Home for Aged and Infirm Hebrews which got $1,000 in 1893 but only $500 in 1894; Beth Israel Hospital which got $100 in 1893 and the same amount in 1894 and the United Hebrew Charities of New York which got $1,500 in 1893 but only $1,000 in 1894. (The reductions were probably a reflection of the depression that had begun in 1893 and gained momentum in 1894)

1895: Based on information from its 6th annual report, it was reported today that the Aguilar Free Library “now has 25,848 volumes” and that in 1894, it circulated 253,349 volumes.

1896: Henry Steinhal, “one of the actors” performing in “The Russian Jew” at Adler’s Theatre “was accidently shot in the leg” when “a piece of wadding” from a blank cartridge went off and “embedded itself in” his limb.

1896: Jews were among the melting pot of immigrants who attended James Pryse lecture on “The Masters” at Centennial Hall on New York’s lower East Side.

1897: It was reported today that Rabbi Gustav Gottheil and Police Commissioner Theodore Roosevelt will participate in the upcoming ceremonies dedicating the new building housing the Hebrew Technical Institute.

1897: In Chelsea, London, Alexander Neumann, a native of Bomberg who had moved “to London at the age of 15” and Sarah Ann (Pike) Neumann gave birth to Maxwell Neumann, who gained fame as “British mathematician and codebreaker” Max Newman.

1897: It was reported today Reverend Faust, a Presbyterian missionary attempting to convert Jews in New York “said that the distress among the poor east side Jews was very great…and that he hoped that the wealthy Jews” would join with those who were working and wealthy Christians would contribute to alleviate their suffering. 

1897: It was reported today that during a meeting at church on the lower east side about how to relieve the suffering of the poor Reverend John B. Devins of Hope Chapel “thought it best for the poor Jews to apply for relief to the United Hebrew Charities.”

1898(15thof Shevat, 5658): Tu B’Shevat

1898:  Emile Zola was brought to trial for libel for publishing J'Accuse. “J'accuseaccused the French government of anti-Semitism and of wrongfully placing Alfred Dreyfus in jail. Zola was brought to trial for libel for publishing J'Accuseon February 7, 1898 and was convicted on February 23. Zola declared that the conviction and transportation to Devil's Island of the Jewish army captain Alfred Dreyfus came after a false accusation of espionage and was a miscarriage of justice. The case, known as the Dreyfus affair, had divided France deeply between the reactionary army and church and the more liberal commercial society. The ramifications continued for years, so much so that on the 100th anniversary of Émile Zola's article, France's Roman Catholic daily paper, "La Croix", apologized for its anti-Semitic editorials during the Dreyfus affair.”

1898: A fire broke out tonight at the Hebrew Sheltering Guardian Society’s building which is home to 835 youngsters.

1899: Isaac L. Rice took over the leadership of Electric Storage, a company that was trying to build the first modern submarines that ran on electric power while submerged for the U.S. Navy and changed its name to the Electric Boat Company.  The company operated by the Jewish professor was so successful that it during World War I it would build 85 submarines and 722 sub-chasers. (The company lives on today as General Dynamics.)

1904: Twenty eight men from 18 local families in the Champaign-Urbana (Illinois) community met and formed the Champaign-Urbana Hebrew Congregation. Rabbi George Zeppin of the Union of American Hebrew Congregations presided over the meeting.

1906(12thof Shevat, 5666): Eighty-four year old Bella “Betty” Baer, the wife of Jacob Baer passed away today.

1906: As of today, “over $3,000,000 has been raised for the relief of the Jewish victims of the” outbreak of anti-Semitic violence in Russia of $1,200,000 was raised by the American National Relief Commission of which Jacob H. Schiff is the Treasurer.

1906: “Soon after his arrival at Gomel,” General Orlott met with a group of prominent citizens including at least one rabbi who declared “that the outrages” that had taken place “were entirely unprovoked.”

1910(28thof Shevat, 5670): Seventy-one year old Avrohom Bornsztain, founder and first Rebbe of the Sochatchover Hasidic dynasty” who was “known as the Avnei Nezer ("Stones of the Crown") after the title of his posthumously-published set of Torah responsa, which is widely acknowledged as a halakhic classic” and whose “only son, Shmuel, author of Shem Mishmuel, succeeded him as Rebbe” after he passed away today.

1911: Birthdate of Shimon Koch who as Siegbert Avidan served in the Palmach and led the Givati Brigade during the 1948 War of Independence.

1912: The Portland Evening Telegram described the Portland Equal Suffrage League which was founded by Josephine Hirsch as one that “will wield an important influence” even though it is “one of he younges leagues to be formed.

1913(30thof Sheva, 5673): Rosh Chodesh I

1913: Boris Thomashefsky is scheduled to present “Tata Mamas Zures” at the Haymarket in Chicago.

1914:  Charlie Chaplin's signature character, "The Tramp," debuted in a film called "Kid Auto Races at Venice"

1914: Birthdate of U.S. poet David Ignatow.

1915: More than seven thousand dollars was raised tonight at “the 27th annual entertainment and dance given for the benefit of the Ladies’ Hebrew Fuel and Aid Society” which was held in the Astor Gallery of the Waldorf Astoria.

1916: Birthdate of Floyd K. Haskell, the U.S. Senator from Colorado who was the husband of Nina Totenberg.  She was Jewish – he was not.

1916: “At a small information luncheon at Little Hungary on East Houston Street,” attended by a number of Jews living on the east side and “several prominent rabbis” Colonel Theodore Roosevelt “pledged his support to the movement organized to obtain equal rights of citizenship for the Jews in every country of Europe at the end of the war.”

1916: “Judge Samuel Seabury of the Court of Appeals of the State of New York said in a speech to the Far Western Travelers’ Association at the their annual dinner at the Hotel Astor” tonight “that President Wilson had made a great appointment in naming Louis D. Brandeis to the Supreme Court of the United States”

1916: Leon s. Moisseiff, President of the Jewish newspaper The Day criticized the work of the Educational Alliance saying that “the east side does not believe that the alliance does as much work as it could” because “the great mass of the people of the east side do not feel that this institution in any way links up with the old Jewish customs and traditions.”

1916: Justice Greenbaum responded to criticism of the Educational Alliance by pointing out that “the alliance not only taught Hebrew, but also gave instruction in Jewish history and Jewish customs.”

1916: “The Bronx Jewish War Suffers’ Committee announced” today “that management of the Adams-Flanigan store” in the Bronx “will devote 10 per cent of all cash purchases” for the next two days “for the Jewish war sufferers.”

1917: The first draft of the Balfour Declaration was written at the Gaster home today in the presence of Chaim Weizmann, Nahum Sokolow, Baron Rothschild, Sir Mark Sykes and Herbert Samuel

1917: The U.S. military expedition that had been trying to capture Pancho Villa since March of 1916 and during which Rabbis had been to various camps on the border by the Army and Navy Committee and the Central Conference of American Rabbis to conduct religious services, came to an end today.

1917: Forty-nine year old skirt manufacturer Jacob Hyman and his wife, the former Regina Zeltenwerth, a native of Tarnow, Galicia celebrated their silver wedding anniversary.

1917(15thShevat, 5677): Yosef Levi passed way in Paris. Levi was an archeologist and philologist of African and oriental languages. Born in Adrianople in December 15, 1827, he went on to write 33 books during his career.

1918: In Chicago, Leon B. Sager, an advertising executive, and Deborah Borovik Sager who died in the Great Flu Epidemic, gave birth to geneticist Ruth Sager, the University of Chicago Phi Beta Kappa who was chief of cancer genetics at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston when she passed away
http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2004/11/ruth-sager/
http://www.nytimes.com/1997/04/04/us/dr-ruth-sager-79-researcher-on-location-of-genetic-material.html

1918: In Brownsville, Abraham Rosenbaum, a Jewish immigrant working as a baker and his wife gave birth to Terry Rosenbum the teacher whose career would be a casualty of Joe McCarthy and the red-baiting right-wingers who distorted the intellectual and political landscape of post-World War II America.
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/27/nyregion/terry-rosenbaum-teacher-and-civic-leader-dies-at-97.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=1

1919(7th of Adar): Rabbi Isaac Jacob Rabinovitz, author of Zekher Yizhak passed away.

1920: The Northamptonshire Yeomanry in which actor Leslie Howard (Leslie Howard Steiner) had served as a subaltern during World War I “was reconstituted in the Territorial Army with HQ at the Old Militia Barracks in Clare St, Northampton.”

1921: As Americans adjust to Prohibition, “the Chicago Rabbinical Association adopted a resolution to refuse to sign all requests for fermented wine for sacramental purposes.”

1921: Evening classes will begin tonight at the Bath Beach Y.M.H.A. under the leadership of the executive director, Dr. Hochfelder.

1924(2ndAdar I, 5684): Rabbi Henry Berkowitz passed away.  Emily Nepon, his great-great-great-granddaughter described him in the following words. Born in 1857, Rabbi Henry Berkowitz was the “Beloved Rabbi” of Mobile, Kansas City, Missouri and Philadelphia. He is best known for being the founder of the Jewish Chautauqua Society in 1893, and was one of four members of the first graduating class of Reform rabbis in the United States.  Rabbi Henry Berkowitz was an activist, philanthropist, counselor, community leader, voracious learner, teacher, prolific writer and speaker. And, in keeping with mainstream Reform Judaism of his day, Berkowitz was also anti-Zionist.

1925(13th of Shevat, 5685): Parashat Beshalach

1925(13th of Shevat, 5685): Eighty-year old Alabama natve Nancy Priscilla “Nannie” Mordecai Cash, the eldest child of Samuel Jefferson and Martha Louisa "Tarrant" Mordecai and wife of Wesley Sheppard Cash passed away today.

1931(20th of Shevat, 5691): Sixty-year old Rabbi Abraham Ber Goldenson who served for 13 years as the “head rabbi for the Nusach Hari Shul in St. Louis” passed away today.

1932: “The Monster Walks” a horror film featuring Mischa Auer was released in the United States today.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Monster_Walks#/media/File:The-Monster-Walks-Poster.jpg

1933: The London Gazette reported that the King has conferred “the dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom upon Sir Joseph Duveen…and the heirs’ males of his body lawfully begotten…”

1934: During the Stavisky Affair, a night of rioting fomented by right-wing parties came to an end.  The right failed in their effort to overthrow the Third Republic, but the event was a harbinger of the social rot that would lead to the quick defeat of the French in World War II and the rise of Vichy.

1934:Vatican directed the Holy Office to place Nazi leader Alfred Rosenberg's Myth of the Twentieth Century on the Index of Forbidden books

1934: The Halevy Singing Society is schooled to move into new quarters at the Society for the Advancement of Judaism at 15 West 86thStreet. (As reported by JTA)

1934(22nd of Shevat, 5694): Abraham I. Shiplacoff “sometimes called the Jewish Eugene V. Debs”, passed away today in Brooklyn “after a long struggle with kidney disease. Born in Chernigov, Russia in 1877, he “came to the United States with his parents at the age of 13 in 1891. For several years he worked long hours in a garment shop and studied at night. During this period he married Henrietta (Yetta) Zwickel, and they eventually had three children, Frederick Engels Shiplacoff, William Morris Shiplacoff, and Lydia Shiplacoff Greene. Beginning in 1905 he taught school at P.S. 84, Brooklyn, served as a clerk in the customs service, was briefly labor editor of the Jewish Daily Forward. In 1914 he became secretary-treasurer of the United Hebrew Trades. Politically active in the Socialist Party, he was elected as the first Socialist Assemblyman from New York City in 1915, re-elected in 1916 and 1917, and led the Socialist delegation in the Legislature in a campaign of strong opposition to World War I. He also supported the dissemination of birth control information, curbs on police power and other controversial causes. When, as a street-corner orator, he denounced U.S. military intervention in Russia shortly after the Bolshevik Revolution, he was indicted under the wartime Espionage Act; the indictment was later quashed. He was elected to the Board of Aldermen from Brooklyn in 1920, managed the mayoral campaign of Norman Thomas in 1925, chaired the Sacco-Vanzetti Liberation Committee in 1927, and became a vigorous participant in Socialist battles with the Communist Party. During the twenties and early thirties he served as general manager of the Joint Board of the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America and the International Pocketbook Workers Union. He had a longstanding interest in Palestine and Zionism, and became national chairmen of the National Labor Committee for Palestine in 1933. He was actively involved in many Jewish philanthropic and cultural organizations, and served as executive director of the Deborah Sanitarium, Browns Mills, NJ.”

1935: Birthdate of Herbert “Herb” Kohl, United States Senator from Wisconsin.

1936: “The Milky Way” a comedy featuring Lionel Stander as “Spider Schultz” was released in the United States today.

1936: In his message to the National Conference of Jews and Christians endorsing the upcoming observance of Brotherhood Day, New York Governor Lehman said, “I am heartily in accord with the purposes of Brotherhood Day” and I think the National Conference of Jews and Christians “has done much to bring a greater understanding among those of different faiths and races.”

1936: Today “in the vicinity of the Winter Olympics at Garmisch-Partenkirchen in the Bavarian Alps there are some highly conspicuous road signs” – anti-Jewish placards and streamers which correspondents had said were removed because of the Olympics.

1936: George Althuas, “a former Protestant pastor in Timmerlach” was sentenced to six months in jail by the Summary Court after having been accused of including his prayers “God protect the poor and persecuted Jews,” “having told his Sunday School pupils not to participate ‘in the hue and cry against Jews’” and “having banned the Hitler salute from his Sunday School.”

1936: Georgetown University sophomore Harry Bassin scored “a team high 11 points” during today’s upset of the NYU basketball team.
https://repository.library.georgetown.edu/bitstream/handle/10822/554817/gu_archives_sports_00012.jpg?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

1937: George F. Pelham, the Canadian born American Architect who in 1905 “designed a new synagogue building for Brooklyn's Beth Jacob Anshe Sholom, based on Arnold Brunner's West Side Synagogue building on Manhattan's West 88th Street” passed away today.

1937: James Waterman Wise is scheduled to deliver a lecture on “Is Soviet Russia Anti-Semitic” this morning at the Free Synagogue in Carnegie Hall.

1937: Rabbi Samuel H. Goldenson is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “When Propaganda Is Substituted for Education” at Temple Emanu-El.

1937: “A message from President Roosevelt lauding ‘the vitality and vision of the Jewish pioneers in Palestine’ was read to the National Conference tonight” after the organization had committed to raising four and a half million dollars to finance the “Jewish colonization of the Holy Land.”

1937: Senator Norris of Nebraska “told the National Conference for Palestine that the dissenting opinions of Supreme Court Justice Brandeis would ‘ultimately become the universal law of the land’” and that “Senator Kenyon who had fought the Brandies confirmation had told him shortly before his death that he would ‘give anything if I could retake that step.’”

1937: Harry Einstein, who was famous for appearing as “Greek chef Nick Parkyakarkus on the Eddie Cantor and Al Jolson radio programs” married actress Thelma Leeds (nee Goodman) today,  union which resulted in the birth comedic talent Albert Brooks.

1938: Professor Norman Bentwich, the former director of the High Commission for Refugees From Germany told The League of Nations International Conference meeting in Geneva to settle the status of refugees from Germany “that 130,000 Jewish…refugees had left Germany” and “had been able to establish themselves overseas.”

1938: The Palestine Post reported that according to the London Daily Herald,the Mandatory government planned to erect a 20-foot-high barbed-wire barricade along the northern border in order to prevent the movement of the gun runners, smugglers and terrorists between Palestine, Lebanon and Syria.

1938: In a leading article on the elections to the Jerusalem Communal Council (Va'ad Hakehila), The Jerusalem Post expressed the hope that the people serving on the  council would be able to cast away heavy obsolete traditions, eliminate inefficiency and stand up to vested interests.

1938: Approximately 200 people attended the meeting of the Bergen County chapter of the German-American Bund at the home of Caroline Meade, a teacher and actress, where Fritz Kuhn, the national leader of the Bund told the attendees that the Jews in the United States “must be driven from their high posts in government, finance, and education as they have been in certain European countries.”

1939: In Berlin, “reiterating the contention that ‘the Jewish problem in Germany will be solved only the last Jews has left the Reich, Nazi party leader Dr. Alfred Rosenberg declared that the “problem must be settled definitively not only for the German Jews, but later for the millions of Jews in Central and Eastern Europe.”  (Editor’s note – The Nazi goal of a Jew free Europe was no secret and they made no attempt to hide it from anyone who listened to their spokesmen.)

1939: Dr. Alfred Rosenberg offered a specific proposal to turn either British Guiana or Madagascar into a “Semitic reservation” which solve “the Jewish question.”

1940: In Prague, the police informed the leaders of the Jewish community “that a reported order prohibiting the presence of Jews in ant public café…after 8 P.M. was based on a misunderstanding” and there never was such an order.

1940: “Rabbi Stephen S. Wise, president of the American Jewish Congress explained” today “that at a recent luncheon of the Brooklyn Women’s Division of the congress he said ‘that the Eruopean nations should have recognized sooner that Hitler’s attack upon the Jews was a sign of his readiness to destroy civilization, including the religious life of the world, and that the nations and churches of civilization should have united to make impossible the Nazi assault upon life’s decencies and values,’ rather than attributing the current war to the failure of the Catholic Church to speak up against the ill treatment of the Jews.”

1941: U.S. premiere of “Back Street” the second cinematic treatment of the Fannie Hurst’s novel of the same name.

1942(20thof Shevat, 5702): Thirty-eight year old lyricist Irving Kahal who collaborated on such classics as “Wedding Bells Are Breaking Up That Old Gang of Mine” and “I’ll Be Seeing You” passed away today in New York.
http://www.songwritershalloffame.org/exhibits/C49?exhibitId=49

1942: In the aftermath of the release of the Jews on board the Darien, Lord Moyne continued to protest Churchill’s arguing that the Prime Minister’s decision would undermine the Mandatory Government.  Churchill had already tried to assuage Lord Moyne’s fears by reminding him that there was little risk of any mass immigration of Jews since most of Eastern and Southern Europe were under Nazi control.

1943(2ndof Adar I, 5703): Forty-nine year old Louis Weitzenkorn, “author of ‘Five Star Final’ and other plays and a former newspaper man was found dead of burns and suffocation today in the kitchen of his apartment.”

1943: In New York, Liza (née Kraitz), a high school art teacher, and historian Jack D. Foner gave birth to historian Eric Foner whose The Fiery Trial: Abraham Lincoln and American Slavery hit the triple header when it won the Pulitzer, Lincoln and Bancroft prizes.

1943: The first armed struggle between Jews and Nazis takes place in the Warsaw ghetto.   Most people connect the Warsaw Uprisings with Pesach (April) of 1943.  Actually, the first fighting took place in February. Unsettled, by Melvin Konner has an interesting chapter (entitled Smoke) that deals with the issue of Jewish resistance in Europe during World War II. 1946: While taking part in two month speaking tour with self-proclaimed anti-Semite, Gerlad L.K. Smith, Father Arthur W. Terminiello of Mobile, Alabama, a self-styled Father Coughlin of the South, delivers an address at the Chicago’s Veeran Hall in the heavily Jewish neighborhood of Albany Park that resulted in a riot and in his subsequent conviction on charges of disturbing the peace.  Three years later, the U.S. Supreme Court reversed the decision in a major freedom of speech case.1946: The Palestine Information Service issued a statement today describing yesterday’s failed attempt to attack a British military camp and seize weapons for the fight to create a Jewish state.1946: Arabs in Lebanon protested the British “decision to permit 1,500 Jewish immigrants to enter Palestine” each month by staging a general strike today.

1946: In Buenos Aires, Jaime Babenco, “an Argentine gaucho of Ukrainian Jewish origin” and Janka Haberberg, “a Polish Jewish immigrant” gave birth to “Brazilian film director, screenwriter, producer and actor” Héctor Eduardo Babenco.
http://www.timesofisrael.com/brazilian-film-director-hector-babenco-dies-at-70/

1947: This date marks the official founding of the Jewish Agency, a world-wide organization centered in Israel. It is dedicated to the establishment of Israel as the Jewish Homeland, and to the encouragement and fulfillment of Jewish Aliyah from around the world.

1950: Arnold Eidus gave a recital at Carnegie Hall that “featured the debut and only public performance of jazz/pop composer Raymond Scott's Suite for Violin and Piano (which reportedly was composed as a showcase for Eidus) during the composer's lifetime.”

1952: The DuMont Television Network broadcast the first episode of “Steve Randall” starring Melvyn Douglas in the title role.

1952(11thof Shevat, 5712): Forty-two year old Phillip G. Epstein died of Cancer a decade after having co-authored the Academy Award winning script for Casablanca, which Time magazine called the greatest movie of all times.  Epstein’s grandson, Theo, broke Bambino’s Curse and brought World Series victory to the Boston Red Sox and then did the same for the Chicago Cubs.

 1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that two policemen who found safety on a rock were saved by a helicopter, but the third was missing, when a captured Lebanese vessel they were towing to Haifa broke up in a heavy storm off the northern coast.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that Moscow's press was intensifying its drive against the Jewish and "bourgeois" influence in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that An airlift of immigrants from Iran was stopped, following the intervention of the Egyptian government.

1955(15thof Shevat, 5715): Tu B’Shevat

1956: Nineteen year old lightweight boxer Larry Boardman won his 31st victory in his first 32 professional bouts today, “leading to him being rated # 10 in the world in the lightweight division by Ringmagazine.”

1960(9thof Shevat, 5720): Cabinetmaker Abraham Goodman Jacobs, the son of Abraham and Rebecca Jacobs and the husband of Sarah Jacobs passed away today in London.

1961: Mortimer Caplin began serving as The Commissioner of Internal Revenue

1962: U.S. premiere of a remake of the 1921 film “Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse” co-starring Lee J. Cobb with a score my Andre Previn.

1967(27thof Shevat, 5727): Henry Morgenthau, Secretary of the Treasury under FDR and author of the Morgenthau Plan, passed away.  Morgenthau was nominally Jewish.  He was appointed Secretary of the Treasury because he was FDR’s neighbor in Hyde Park and because he was bland enough not to rock the financial boat while FDR was building the New Deal.  During the war, Morgenthau began to get increasingly upset with the State Department’s handling of the “Jewish Question.”  He became aggressive in terms of trying to force FDR to take action.  Obviously, the outcome of the desires of “the next door neighbor” left something to be desired.
http://archive.jta.org/article/1967/02/08/2747716/henry-morgenthau-jr-exsecretary-of-treasury-dead-at-age-of-75
http://hnn.us/node/120913

1967(27thof Shevat, 5727): Sixty-eight year old Saul Adler passed away in Monroe, LA. Born in Russia he served in the U.S. Army during World War I. The Saul Adler Community Center in Monroe was named in his honor.

1967: U.S. premiere of “The Fox” directed by Mark Rydell.

1967: U.S. premiere of “Tobruk” a WW II movie directed by Arthur Hiller

1968(9thof Shevat): Just eight days from his 86th birthday Rabbi Eliezer Silver, a refugee from the anti-Semitic Russian Empire of the Czar who worked to save Jews from the Holocaust passed away today.
https://web.archive.org/web/20051203005136/http://www.cincypost.com/living/1999/silver051199.html

1968:  Arthur Miller's "Price" premiered in New York City

1969: In Boston, MA, Molli Newman, a lawyer, and Dr. Reuben Mezrich, a chairman of radiology at the University of Maryland School of Medicine gave birth to author Ben Mezrich whose works include Bringing Down the House: The Inside Story of Six MIT Students Who Took Vegas for Millions

1970: In Roslyn Harbor, NY, producer and media executive Charles Koppelman and Bunny Koppelman gave birth to Jennifer Koppelman who, after marrying Keith Hutt in 1997, was known as Jennifer Hutt the radio and television talk show host who co-authored Whateverland.

1973: “Black Caesar” a remake of the gangster classic “Little Caesar” written and directed by Larry Cohen who followed up later in the year with a sequel “Hell Up in Harlem” was released today in the United States.

1974: Mel Brooks'"Blazing Saddles" opened in movie theaters across America.

1976(6thof Adar I, 5736): Sixty-three year old rabbi and author Avraham Eliyahu Mokotow who made Aliyah in 1936 whose works include Chassidim v’Anshei Ma’aseh, a five volume collection of Chassidic stories passed away today.

1977: The Soviets arrested Alexander Ginzburg and Yuri Orlov, members of the “Moscow Helsinki Group.”

1979:  War Criminal Josef Mengele who as the concentration camp doctor was known as the Angel of Death, reportedly drowned.

1983: First episode of Krovim Krovim, an Israeli television sitcom” was broadcast today.

 1985: "New York, New York" becomes the official city anthem of New York City. "New York, New York" is a song from the 1944 musical On the Town. The music was written by Leonard Bernstein and the lyrics by Betty Comden and Adolph Green.

1987: According to reports published today, Israel's universities, the reputation and achievements of which have been a source of national pride, are facing a severe financial crisis.

1990(12thof Shevat, 5750): Nathan Wartels, Chairman of the Board of Crown Publishers, passed away at the age of 88.

1991 (23rdof Shevat, 5751): Lieutenant Colonel Amos Yarkoni one of six Israeli Arabs to receive the IDF’s third highest decoration, the Medal of Distinguished Service and the first commander of the Shaked Reconnaissance Battalion of the Givati Brigade died of cancer at the age of 71.

1991: Months after its premiere in the United States “Avalon” the saga of a Jewish immigrant family in Baltimore, MD, directed, produced and written by Barry Levinson, with music by Randy Newman, starring Leo Fuchs, Leo Jacobi and Kevin Pollak was released today in Australia.

1993: The United States has protested to Israel over the treatment of three Palestinian-Americans who have been jailed on suspicion of having ties with a militant Islamic group in the occupied territories, a United States Embassy spokesman in Tel Aviv said todayIsraeli authorities said they had evidence the three detainees were helping to rebuild Hamas and to finance terrorist activities after scores of Hamas leaders were deported to southern Lebanon by Israel in December. The authorities said the two of the men had been found with more than $100,000 and with plans from Hamas leaders in the United States.

1994: “Tzomet MKs Segev, Esther Salmovitz, and Alex Goldfarb split from their party to form the Yiud faction.”

1995: The INS Hanit, a Sa'ar 5-class corvette, was commissioned today.

1997: “The Beautician and the Beast” starring Fran Drescher who also co-produced the film was released in the United States today.

1999; The New York Times book section featured reviews of A Journey to the End of the Millennium by A. B. Yehoshua; translated by Nicholas de Lange and Preempting the Holocaust by Lawrence Langer.

1999: Bruce Fleisher won the Royal Caribbean Classic.

1999: A Broadway revival “Little Me,” “a musical written by Neil Simon, with music by Cy Coleman and lyrics by Carolyn Leigh” closed today after “99 performances and 43 previews.”

2000: In “Lindbergh Family Bashes Biographer” published today examines the story behind the writing of Anne Morrow Lindbergh: Her Life by Susan Hertog, the wife of financer and philanthropist Roger Hertog, the Chairman of the Tikvah Fund.
https://www.salon.com/2000/02/07/lindbergh/

2004(15thof Shevat, 5764): Tu B’Shevat

2005: Ian Livingston “the fourth generation son of Polish-Lithuanian Jews who arrived in Scotland 120 years ago became CEO for Retail of BT Group.

2005: Rabbi Raymond Apple “marked his retirement today after 32 years at the helm of Sydney's Great Synagogue. The NSW Governor, Marie Bashir, and the Premier, Bob Carr, joined representatives from Sydney churches and hundreds of well-wishers at a tribute to Rabbi Apple at the Art Gallery of NSW. Great Synagogue president Herman Eisenberg said Rabbi Apple had always represented his congregation and the wider Jewish community with great dignity. ‘He has been a spokesman for Jewish ethics and values, a bridge between diverse religions and cultures and a moderating voice both in the Jewish community and in wider society,’ Mr. Eisenberg said.”

http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2005/02/06/1107625057722.html

2006: Seeking a leader to guide a much-disputed 9/11 museum into existence at ground zero, officials announced  that they had settled on Alice M. Greenwald, an associate director for museum programs at the Holocaust Museum in Washington.

2006: “A few days before the theatrical release of a “Curious George” motion picture the body of Alan Shalleck who produced “more than 100 short episodes for the Curious George television series” was found in his Florida home, the victim of an apparent robbery/homicide

2006: The day after Betty Friedan passed away, The Guardian publishes “The Betty I Knew” by fellow feminists Germain Greer who raises questions about the importance of Ms. Friedan’s role in the “Women’s Movement.” (You can decide if this is Lshon Hora.)
http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2006/feb/07/gender.bookscomment/print

2007: Publication of “America’s First Torah Scholar: Israel Baer Kursheedt” by Dr. Yitzchok Levine
http://www.jewishpress.com/indepth/front-page/americas-first-torah-scholar-israel-baer-kursheedt/2007/02/07/

2007: Daniel Friedmann was sworn in today as Minister of Justice succeeding Tzipi Livni.

2007: During his freshman season in which he started all 33 games for the Duke Basketball team, today Jonathan James "Jon" Scheyer “scored a season-high 26 points in a loss to North Carolina.”

2007: In “Sold on a Stereotype” published today the Washington Post reported on the growing popularity in China of “a genre of self-help books that purport to tell the secrets of making money ‘the Jewish way.’”  Volumes include The Eight Most Valuable Business Secrets of the Jewish, The Legends of Jewish Wealth, and The Jewish People and Business: The Bible of how to Live Their Lives.  While some of the volumes tout the success of the Lehman Brothers and the Rothschilds, others miss the mark when the identify J.P. Morgan and John D. Rockefeller as Jews.

2008: First Day of Adar I (2nd Day Rosh Chodesh Adar I 5768)

2008: Scholar Michael B. Oren, a senior fellow at the Shalem Center in Jerusalem, discusses and signs copies Power, Faith, and Fantasy: America in the Middle East: 1776 to the Present at the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C.

2008: In Bethesda, Maryland, Open Arms, the women's giving circle of the Jewish Social Service Agency (JSSA), hosts its first annual "Meet the Author" evening with novelist Elinor Lipman, author of The Inn at Lake Devine, Then She Found Me (the basis of a feature film opening in May) and, most recently, My Latest Grievance, at the Dennis and Phillip Ratner Museum. 

2008: The 12thNew York Sephardic Jewish Film Festival opens with a showing of “Got No Jeep and My Camel Died.”

2008: Right winger Michael Steven “Mike” Brown who had scored his first NHL goal in December “was sent back down to the Manitoba Moose” today.

2008: The Washington Post featured a review of A Lost Letter, A Remarkable Discovery, and The First Amendment in an Age of Terrorism by Alan Dershowitz

2009: An exhibition entitled Blue and White Pages: Documenting the History of Israel has its final showing at the Israel Museum.

2009: Suzane Adam’s tour of the United States designed to promote her award winning new book Laundry comes to an end.
2009: Shabbat Shirah, 5769


2010: The New York Times features reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including For The Soul Of France: Culture Wars in the Age of Dreyfus by Frederick Brown and Where The God Love Hangs Out by Amy Bloom.

2010: While the Saints defeated the Coldts in Super Bowl XLIV their fans were able to enjoy kosher food. Kosher Sports Inc. (KSI), a New York-based kosher concessions provider geared to the sports industry has signed a contract to provide kosher food to this year's Super Bowl games at Dolphin Stadium in Miami, Florida. This is the first time kosher fare will be available at The Super Bowl. Kosher Sports is under the kosher supervision of the Star-K Kosher Certification, based in Baltimore, Maryland.

2010: A Jewish former banker was elected the vice president of Costa Rica today. Luis Lieberman will become vice president after Costa Rican voters elected Laura Chinchilla as the Central American country's first female president by a wide margin.

2010: The CSSO convened two emergency meetings today and, in response to the upset, JTS’s provost, Alan Cooper, took the unusual step of sending a letter on that same day to the cantorial faculty, reassuring them of its commitment to the school

2010(23rdof Shevat, 5770): Eighty-nine year old Phillip Klass the science fiction writer who used the pseudonym “William Tenn” passed away today.  (As reported by Gerald Jonas)
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/14/books/14tenn.html

2011: The New Yorker published “The Wave” in which Francisco Goldman “wrote about his wife’s death and their relationship.”

2011: Érik Izraelewicz was appointed director of Le Monde.

2011: John Russ Tupper and Niki Russ Federman, 4th generation owners of Russ & Daughters are scheduled to “demystify caviar in an evening that is educational and unpretentious at the Astor Center in New York City. While most of us think of Russ & Daughters as “the go to place” when you want the best in lox, it offers a whole more, including some of the nicest people working behind the counter you would ever want to meet. [This is not a commercial plug. It is based on real live experience.]

2011: Israeli pianist Roman Rabinovich and the Jupiter musicians are scheduled to “perform works by American composers including Aaron Copland at the Good Shepherd Church in New York City.

2011(3rd of Adar I, 5771): Eighty-year old Jerry James, a longtime contributor to the art of tap dance, and ‘a teacher and choreographer ‘known for his airy, balletic style and eclectic approach’” who had been born Jerome Howard Abrams, passed away today.  (As reported by Margalit Fox)
http://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/obituaries/articles/2011/02/19/jerry_ames_tap_dancer_known_for_his_airy_style_80/

2011(3rdof Adar I, 5771): Maria V. Altmann, a Jewish refugee who in her 80s waged a successful legal battle all the way to the United States Supreme Court to force the Austrian government to return paintings by Gustav Klimt that had been seized from her family by the Nazis, passed away today at her home in Los Angeles at the age of 94.
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/09/arts/design/09altmann.html?_r=1&scp=1&sq=Maria%20Altmann&st=cse

2012: Iowa PTV is scheduled to broadcast “Lost in History: Alexander Clark” which is produced by Marc Rosenwasser, the son-in-law of Ellie and Ed Spector (and Nancy’s husband).  The Spectors have brought joy, delight and warmth to a numerous Jewish communities including Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
http://www.iptv.org/iowastories/story.cfm/alexander_clark/9056/acl_20120118_lost_history_alexander_clark/video

2012: Nathan Englander’s “third book, What We Talk About When We Talk About Anne Frank, short story collection, was released today. Born in 1970, Englander was raised in an Orthodox Jewish community, lived in Israel for five years and graduated from the Iowa Writer’s Workshop at the University of Iowa.

2012: In Columbus, Ohio, Tifereth Israel is scheduled to host its HAZAK Tu B'Shevat Seder

2012: YIVO Institute for Jewish Research is scheduled to presents “The Jewish Antifascist Committee and Its Foreign Delegation” a lecture by Gennady Estraikh

2012: “Ahead of Time: The Extraordinary Journey of Ruth Gruber” is scheduled to be shown at the Golda Meir Chapter of Hadassah in New York.

2012: Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman thanked US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton today for the “very important message” recent sanctions on Iran have sent.

2012: MK Zahava Gal-On was elected as Meretz chairwoman today, winning 60% of the votes.

2013: Yiddish copy editor Louis Katz “left the Forward today, half a century after joining the newspaper as a typesetter.” (As reported by Paul Berger)

2013: Stefanie Fischer is scheduled to deliver a talk entitled “Economic Trust and Anti-Semitic Violence at The Wiener Library for the Study of the Holocaust & Genocide in London.

2013: The Center for Jewish History and the Jewish Book Council is scheduled to present, “Emerging Writers/Contemporary Literary Landscapes” that will examine the works of Nadia Kalman, Austin Ratner, Francesca Segal and Adam Wilson.

2013: In Washington, DC, Dr. Peggy Pearlstein, former Society President and Head of the Hebraic Section at Library of Congress is scheduled to conduct a tour titled “Words Like Sapphires: 100 Years of Hebraica at the Library of Congress,1912-2012”

2013: “Ezekiel’s World” a play based on the life of Abba Kovener, is scheduled to premiere in New York City. 

2013: The Jerusalem District Attorney today filed two indictments in the magistrate’s court against four Betar Jerusalem fans for making racist statements against Arabs and Muslims, including new players that had joined the team.

2013: Residents of the mixed religious/secular neighborhood of Ramat Sharett in Jerusalem are furious over the municipality’s approval of three yeshivas on the edge of their neighborhood at last week’s city council meeting. Today, the residents will hold a planning meeting with City Councilor Rachel Azaria (Yerushalmim) to try and submit a petition to the city’s Administrative Court to stop the yeshiva’s creation

2013: Tonight’s anti-Israel event sponsored and endorsed by the Brooklyn College political science department will take place on that school’s campus, but it now appears certain that the atmosphere of intimidation and distrust generated by that academic department did not begin, and will not end, with this event.

2013: Today Ben “Shapiro published an article citing unspecified Senate sources who said that a group named "Friends of Hamas" was among foreign contributors to the political campaign of Chuck Hagel, a former U.S. Senator awaiting confirmation as Secretary of Defense as a nominee of President Barack Obama” and in which he “criticized the Obama administration for ignoring his questions about Hagel's foreign associations and called for full disclosure of Hagel's foreign ties.”

2014: “The Monument’s Men,” based on book by the same name that beings with the story of the Ettlingers, a Jewish family from Karlsruhe and describes the work of tells the Monuments, Fine Arts and Archives program is scheduled to be released to theatres today.

2014: Violinist Shmuel Ashkenasi is scheduled to perform in the Alice Tully Hall at Lincoln Center.

2014: “The Spanish government approved a draft citizenship bill “that would offer citizenship to Sephardic Jews as a gesture of conciliation for Spain’s expulsion of Jews during the Inquisition” (As reported by Isabel Kershner and Raphael Minder)

2014: “The Sturgeon Queens” a movie that “tells the story of four generations of the Russ family - and how they took their business from a tiny storefront stocked with herring barrels to the famed smoked fish emporium it is today” is scheduled to be shown at the San Diego Jewish Film Festival.

2014: “Hundreds of young worshipers flung rocks at Israeli police on Jerusalem’s Temple Mount just after Muslim Friday prayers concluded at the al-Aqsa mosque.” (As reported by Lazar Berman)

2014: “Thirteen ultra-Orthodox protesters were indicted today after their arrest during anti-draft riots yesterday in Ashdod.” (As reported by Adiv Sterman and Stuart Winer)

2014: Centuries worth of Jewish documents are at risk of vanishing into the vortex of Iraq’s chronic instability, but for American Jewish groups advocating for their preservation, there was a moment of optimism today after the US Senate approved a resolution calling for a renegotiation of the archives’ status. (As reported by Rebecca Shimoni Stoil)

2015: In Coralville, IA, Landon Elkind is scheduled to be called to the Torah as Bar Mitzvah at Aguadas Achim’s Traditional Shabbat morning service.

2015: The Eden-Tamar Music Center is scheduled to host “Sonata or Sontina – Sounds of Flue in Ein Kerem featuring Noam Bhuchman on flute and Pazit Gal playing the piano.

2015: At Temple Beth El in Hollywood, FL, Rabbi Romiel Daniel, the scholar in residence will discuss the similarities and differences between Hinduism and Judaism after having delivered a sermon the night before on the history of the Jews in India where according to him “Jews have more freedom and few if any cases of discrimination than anywhere else in the world.”

2015: In “A Month After Kosher Market Attack, French Jews Plan An Exodus” published today Griff Witte described the reaction to the terrorist attack in Paris.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/a-month-after-kosher-market-attack-french-jews-plan-an-exodus/2015/02/07/bf7fd644-abb9-11e4-8876-460b1144cbc1_story.html?hpid=z1

2015: “Egypt: faith after the pharaohs” an exhibition that includes “the Gaster Bible, a 9th-century Torah from Egypt featuring one of the oldest Hebrew illuminated text” and “fragments of documents from the Cairo Geniza containing Hebrew, Judeo-Arabic, Aramaic and Arabic texts detailing Jewish life in Cairo during the Middle Ages” is scheduled to open today at the British Museum.”

2016: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including In Europe’s Shadow: Two Cold Wars and a Thirty-Year Journey Through Romania and Beyond by Robert D. Kaplan and Exit Right: The People Who Left the Left and Reshaped the American Century by Daniel Oppenheimer.

2016: The Denver Broncos defeated the Carolina Panthers in Super Bowl L.

2016: “Blind Hero, A: The Love of Otto Weidt” is scheduled to be shown this afternoon at the 26th Annual San Diego Jewish Film Festival

2016: Birkbeck University of London is scheduled to host a screening of “Ida” followed by a round-table discussion between Dr. François Guesnet, University College London and Dr. Małgorzata Pakier, POLIN, Museum of the History of Polish Jews, Warsaw.

2016: A day after a 65 year old grandmother was stabbed by a terrorist, a Sudanese national who had entered Israel illegally in 2008, stabbed a 20 year old soldier near the central bus station in Ashkelon.

2017(11thof Shevat, 5777): Forty-nine year old Yehuda Simes, known as the “Rolling Rabbi” passed away today in Ottawa.
http://www.cjnews.com/news/canada/rabbi-yehuda-simes-quadriplegic-inspired-died

2017: The Temple Emanu-El Streicker Center is scheduled to host an evening with author Judith Viorst.

2017: This evening, after dinner, The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to host a talk by Richard Verber from World Jewish Relief on “Tales from a Refugee Camp.”

2018: JCC Manhattan is scheduled to host the Ka’et Dance Ensemble, a Jerusalem based dance group composed of four Orthodox men performing “Heroes,” a work originally “commissioned by JW3, Jewish Community Centre for London.”

2018: At the University of Virginia, the Brody Center is scheduled to host “Bagels on the Lawn” in the morning and a presentation by Yavilah McCoy, the founder of Ayecha, in the evening.

2018: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to “Jewish Baroque” a program “featuring Dr. Michael Beckerman and Dr. Simona Frankel” that “will study the introduction of art music into European synagogues, and explore mystical atonement rituals of Jews during the Baroque era.”

 

 

This Day, February 8, In Jewish History by Mitchell A. Levin

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February 8

421: Constantius III becomes co-Emperor of the Western Roman Empire serving as co-Emperor with Honorius. Constantinius only reigned for 7 months, but during his long tenure Honorius was no friend of the Jews as can be seen by his promulgation of “a new law requiring any taxes collected by Jewish leaders from the Jewish community to be sent to the imperial treasury.

1250: During the seventh crusade, King Louis IX of France faces Ayyubid forces at the 3 day Battle of Al Mansurah.  The entire crusading period was a debacle for the Jewish people.  As to Louis, Fordham University, the Jesuit University of New York says, he “was an ideal medieval king: he was chivalrous, religious, ascetic, and hostile to Jews.”

1265: Hulagu Khan, whose invasion of Persia in 1255 led to the creation of the Ilkhanate, a portion of the Mongol Empire where much to the relief of the Jews “the rulers abolished the inequality of dhimmis, and all religions were deemed equal,” passed away today.

1291: Birthdate of King Alfonso IV of Portugal who increased the taxes paid by the Jews, load to “reinstituted the dormant requirement that Jews wear an identifying yellow badge, and restricted their freedom to emigrate.” 

1349: In Worms, Bishop Frederick ordered that “the Jewish community should pay 20 florins each year on St. Martin’s Day when a new “Bishop of the Jews” – the head of the 12 member council that governed the internal affairs of the Jewish community – each year on St. Martin’s Day.

1596: Despite being tortured today by the Inquisition Louis de Caraval said nothing but later said that “he remembered that Jorge de Almeida and some others ‘believed in the law which God gave to Moses.’”

1640: Murad IV, “during whose reign, the Jews of Jerusalem were persecuted by an Arab who had purchased the governorship of that city from the governor of the province,” passed away today.

1693:  The College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia is granted a charter by King William III and Queen Mary II.  According to recent figures there are approximately 385 Jewish students attending the school with a student population of approximately 7,700.  The school offers eight Jewish studies courses and is home to William and Mary Balfour Hillel whose mission is “To inspire every Jewish student to make an enduring commitment to Jewish life and enrich the lives of Jewish undergraduate and graduate students so that they may enrich the Jewish people and the world.”

1725: Peter The Great, Russian Czar, passed away at the age of 52.  Peter’s determination to keep the Jews out of his realm and his treatment of Russian Jews was not the picture of “enlightenment.” But his use of the Velesovsky Brothers showed that he was not above using the services of Jews who converted. From the point of Jewish history he certainly was not the “Great”

1744: Birthdate of Karl Theodor Anton Maria von Dalberg, the “prince bishop” sovereign of Frankfurt during whose reign Karl Ludwig Börne was appointed a police actuary in 1811 and then forced to resign three years later because he was Jewish.

1792(15th of Shevat, 5552): With France gripped in the turmoil of the effects of the Revolution and Americans living under the leadership of their first President, George Washington, Jews celebrated Tu B’Shevat.

1795: Birthdate of Hungarian-born journalist and author, Moritz G [Moses] Saphir who moved to Bavaria to further his career.  In 1832 he was expelled but was permitted to return by the king later that year.  Eighteen thirty-two was also the same year that Saphir became a Lutheran.

1806: “In ‘Sur les Juifs’ published today in Mercure de France Louis-Gabriel-Ambroise Bonald “repeated the usual anti-Semitic accusations” including “that the Jews were at war with morality, that they formed an "imperium in imperio," and that the majority of them were parasites.”

1818: Moses Moses married Sarah Friedberg today at the Great Synagogue.

1831: Louis Philippe of France, successor to Charles X, ratified a motion putting Judaism on a par with Christianity, granting State support to Synagogues and their Minister of Religion. This meant that France extended financial support to Jewish religious institutions on par with Christian institutions.

1833: Birthdate of Baron Horace Günzburg who was “one of the founders of the Society for the Spread of Enlightenment among the Jews of Russia…”

1843: Health officers in Frankfort-on-Main issued an order stating “Israelite citizens and inhabitants, must employ the services of competent persons" when having their sons circumcised.

1858: Birthdate of Pauline Koch, who as Pauline Einstein gave birth to physicist Albert Einstein.

1860(15th of Shevat, 5620): Tu B'Shevat

1860(15th of Shevat, 5620): Sixty-seven year old Charlotte Aron, the wife of Alexandre Aron and the daughter of Asser Lion and Gitlé Loëw passed away today in Alsace, France.

1860: “A Mistaken Philanthropist” published today describes the efforts of "‘Captain’ Moses, a gentleman we presume of Abrahamic stock,” to raise funds and outfit a ship that would provide relief for “the Christian and Jewish refugees, who had been constrained to flee almost naked from Morocco to Gibraltar ‘to escape the knife of the savage Bedouin of the desert.’” Unfortunately for Captain Moses, he misrepresented his credentials when he went to Philadelphia to continue his efforts and ended up being be jailed because authorities saw him as a “swindler” and “imposter” rather than “an indiscreet philanthropist.”

1863: An article published today entitled “Beauregard and the Jews” quoted a letter that the P.G.T. Beauregard had written in 1861 when he was commanding the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia in which he explained why could not grant leave to Jewish soldiers to observe the High Holidays. He is sure that “the Hebrews” serving with the army will understand that military necessity makes it impossible to grant a request that he would otherwise comply with quite willingly.

1866: Birthdate of Moses Gomberg, Russian-born American chemist

1866: At Tabor, Hungary, Judith Klemperer and Juda Markus Klemperer gave birth to Karl Klemperer.

1867:  The Ausgleichresults in the establishment of the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary. The Ausgleichrefers to the compromise document that changed the Austrian Empire into the dual monarchy that put Hungary on level playing field with the previously dominate Germanic (Austrian) element of the Hapsburg Empire.  The reform came about as a result of Austria’s defeat at the hands of Prussia. (Yes this gets complicated; but if you want to understand the fate of the Jews of Europe you have to understand European history.)  Following the Law of Unintended consequences, The Ausgleich had a profound effect on the Jews living under the rule of the Habsburgs. “With the “Ausgleich” between Austria and Hungary in 1867, Jews finally gained full citizen rights. Vienna was now the city in the Habsburg Empire with the largest Jewish community (40,000 or 6.6 percent). Most of the Viennese Jews were of Bohemian, Moravian and Hungarian origin, while others were from the poor area of Galicia. Jewish communities in other parts of the Empire developed, even in cities that have not had any Jews for a long time, such as Salzburg (part of Austria since 1816).”  Today we seem to have forgotten the prominent role that Vienna played in European and Jewish culture.  Within a few decades of each other, for example, Vienna was home to Herzl, Freud and Hitler.  Imagine what might have happened had Hitler been one of Freud’s patients.

1871: During inquest being held today at Union Hill, NY, to determine the cause of death for Charles Kraft, a Jew named Nathan Berg was identified as one of three men who might have been involved in a fatal beating of the deceased.

1872: Birthdate of Theodor Lessing, the “German Jewish philosopher… known for opposing the rise of Hindenburg as president of the Weimar Republic and for his classic on Jewish self-hatred (Der jüdische Selbsthaß)…in which he tried to explain the phenomenon of Jewish self-hatred - Jewish intellectuals who incited anti-Semitism against the Jewish people, and regarded Judaism as the source of evil in the world. A Zionist, he moved to Czechoslovakia after Hitler came to power. The move did not save him since he “was assassinated by Nazi agents in the summer of 1933.”

1874: Sixty-six year old German theologian and author David Friedrich Strauss who was a leader of those studying Jesus as a historical figure, which would have included his Jewish origins, passed away today


1878:  Birthdate of Martin Buber.  Buber almost defies definition. He gained fame as a theologian, philosopher, teacher and Zionist.  His life and teachings are too rich and complicated to be encapsulated in this brief item. Born in Vienna, Buber spent his youth living with his grandfather who was a distinguished rabbinic scholar. Buber returned to Vienna for his secular education.  He was attracted to Zionism in its earliest days, but saw the need to add a uniquely Jewish cultural and spiritual component to Herzl’s political ideas.  After dabbling with various forms of mysticism, Buber began to study the works of the Chassidic Masters.  Eventually he developed a philosophy based on their lives and teaching which has been described as Neo-Chasidism.  Buber moved to Jerusalem in 1938 and joined the faculty of Hebrew University. His most famous work I and Thou which described the I-Thou and I-It relationships was published in 1923.  Other works available in English include, but are not limited to, Good and Evil, On Judaism and The Legend of the Baal Shem.  Buber understood the relationship between Judaism and Christianity but knew the difference between the two as well.  His works and philosophy has had an impact on people of many different beliefs.  In the words of Buber: “The God of history and the God of nature cannot be separated and the land of Israel is a token of their unity.”  “There is no opposition between the truth of God and the salvation of Israel.”  "To him who knows how to read the legend, it conveys more truth than the chronicle.”  “The Jew carries the burden of an unredeemed world.  He cannot concede that redemption is an accomplished fact for he knows it is not.”




1878: In the Pale of Settlement a Hebrew scholar named Ezekiel Baevski and his wife, Koona Dubrusha, née Shur gave birth to Simcha Myer Baevski who would gain fame as Sidney Baevski Myer “the Jewish-Australian businessman and philanthropist, best known for creating Myer, Australia's largest chain of department stores.”

1878: Tonight marked the final performance at the Opera Comique of “Dora’s Dream” starring Giula Warwick.”

1879(15th of Shevat, 5639): Shabbat and Tu B’Shevat

1880: Rabbi De Sola Mendes officiated at the funeral of John D. Phillips which was attended by several prominent Jewish leaders including Albert Cordozo, Jesse Seligman and Emanuel B. Hart.

1882(19th of Shevat, 5642): Twenty days before his 70th birthday, German-Jewish author Berthold Auerbach passed at Cannes, France.



1883(1st of Adar I, 5643): Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1886: Gabriel Lippman the son of a Jewish glove maker and who earned the Nobel Prize in Physics became a member of the French Academy of Sciences which he served as President in 1912.

1889(7th of Adar, 5649): Eighty-three year old author and social work Anna Maria Goldsmid who was the daughter of Sir Isaac Lyon Goldsmid, passed away today.  Born in London in 1805 she first gained fame for her work as the translator of Dr. Gotthold Salomon’s sermons from German into English.  She helped from the Jews’ Infant-Schools and took an active role in the Jews’ Deaf and Dumb Home.

1889: Achad ha-am organized the Zionist Order Benei Moshe

1890: Birthdate of Herbert S. Goldstein, a prominent American rabbi and Jewish leader, who passed away in 1970. “He was the only person in history to have been elected president of the Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America, the Rabbinical Council of America (first presidium), and the Synagogue Council of America.”

1890: Birthdate of Isidore Kaufman, the native of Syracuse, NY who gained fame as singer Irving Kaufman, who along with is brothers Phillip and Jack for the “The Kaufman Brothers.”


1891(30th of Shevat, 5651): Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1891(30th of Shevat, 5651): Fifty-eight year old Bavarian born Grand Rapids mayor and Michigan congressman Julius Houseman passed way in his adopted home town.


1891: It was reported today that at the request of Baron Maurice de Hirsch and several well-known leaders of the New York Jewish community have undertaken the management of a philanthropic scheme of “great practical utility.” They have consented to act under a deed of trust, by which Baron Hirsch places in their control the sum of $2,400,000 to be used in improving the condition of the poor Hebrew immigrants that are continually coming here from Russia and Romania.

1891: It was reported today that funds provided by Baron Hirsch and his supporters in the United States four new schools have been opened in New York City to help provide training for the newly arrived immigrants from Russia.  These include a technical school, an evening school for girls who work during the day and two schools that prepare youngsters for entering the public schools.

1891: It was reported today that Joseph Klein, the President of Hebrew Cemetery Association received a suspended sentence from a court in Union County, New Jersey, after having been convicted of defrauding a co-religionist out of $60.

1891: “Unleavened Bread,” published in today’s Atlanta Constitution reported that “Cincinnati bakers have been busy for three months preparing for Passover.” (Editor’s note – The story is notable on 2 counts – it was published in a paper in Atlanta, GA, hardly a bastion of Jewish settlement and the matzo was being produced by Manischweitz, which continues to supply a wide variety of Jewish products in the 21st century)

1894: Birthdate of Ludwig Marcuse German-born author and philosopher.

1896: At two o’clock, Henry Steinhal, an actor appearing in “The Russian Jew” who had been accidently wounded when a blank pistol misfired, left the Adler Theatre with a limp and with a question – would he get damages from management?

1896: Benjamin and Rose Briskin gave birth to producer Samuel J. Briskin whose most memorable accomplishments may have been co-founding Liberty Films which made the classics “It’s A Wonderful Life and “State of the Union and serving the U.S. Army’s Signal Corps during WW II for which he received a President commendation.

1896: The Berlin monthly "Zion" publishes a friendly review of Herzl's London article.

1896: Herzl discusses his Zionist ideas after a lecture by Chief Rabbi Güdemann in the "Jüdische akademische Lesehalle" with some Jewish students.

1896: The Jewish community in Vienna wants to prevent the publishing of Herzl's "Der Judenstaat”

1897: It was reported today that Rabbi Kaufman Kohler and Rabbi Stephen S. Wise will co-officiate at the upcoming funeral of Morris Goodhart.

1898: Newspapers in Paris published today provided an account of the way Maitre Fernand Gustave Gaston Labori, Emile Zola’s senior defense council dealt with the government witnesses during the first session of the Seine Assizes.

1898: It was reported today that firemen who arrived at the Hebrew Sheltering Guardian Society’s orphanage were not dealing with a serious fire.  Four boys had secretly gathered to light a homemade lantern made from a cigar box and a candle.  When another boy saw the flame, he told Superintendent Louis Fauerbach and he sounded the fire alarm. The boys involved are awaiting disciplinary action.

1899: During this evening’s meeting of the People’s Club, Reverend Walter Bentley offered to let the group meet at the St. Mark’s Parish House.  A young, unnamed Jewish man said that “he was positive that no respectable Jew would belong to a club which met in a building connected with a church.” Several Jews said he was mistaken and Reverend Bentley’s offer was acceptable.

1899: Birthdate of Ralph Steiner, the Cleveland native and Dartmouth graduate who became a leading photographer and documentarian.

1900(9th of Adar I, 5660): Sixty-six year old Jacob Mendes Chumaceiro who served variously as the dayyan of the Sephardic synagogue, and acting chakam for the Portuguese Jews of North and South Netherlands, inspector of the Jewish schools of Amsterdam, head and librarian of the bet ha-midrash Ets Haim, and editor of Het Israelietisch Weekbladpassed away today.

1901: In the Reichstag, where Konitz was made the subject of an interpellation), the Prussian minister of justice Schönstedt limited himself to a defense of the authorities against the charge of shielding the Jews; but he carefully refrained from uttering one word in condemnation of the ritual-murder charge, and even from stating that there was no reason for assuming such a motive in the case of Ernst Winter.

1903: Solomon Barnato Joel and Ellen (Nellie) Ridley gave birth to Stanhope Henry Joel

1906: Birthdate of Galicia native Henry Roth, author of Call It Sleep.

1906: In London, Laurie and Dora Marian Magnus gave birth to Sir Philip Montefiore Magnus-Allcroft, the husband of Jewell Magnus.

1906: “A deputation of prominent citizens” including at least one rabbi were reported today to have told General Orloff that they had seen “Cossacks and hooligans shooting Jews and setting fire to their rooms” in Gomel.

1906: Birthdate of Arthur Balsam, Polish born pianist, who was an accompanist for Yehudi Menhuin.

1907: The Jewish community of Kingston, Jamaica issues an appeal for help in rebuilding three synagogues laid in ruins by an earthquake. Many Jews were killed during the disaster. The Jewish community in England responded with an offer of assistance.

1908: In Buffalo, NY, Anna and Harry Prinzmetal gave birth to their second son, Dr. Myron Prinzmetal the pioneering cardiologist and the brother of attorney Isadore Prinzmetal.

1909: In Pennsylvania, founding of the Canonsburg Hebrew Association the officers of which are Joseph Levine, President; Maurice Levine, vice president; Benny Klee (who along with his wife owned a grocery store that had previously been operated by Markus Blaustein), treasurer; Samuel Rosenberg, trustee and Harry Levine, trustee

1910: The Hahambashi is formally asked if he has any recommendations for the Turkish authorities over the subject of Ottoman Jews in Persia. At the time the Persian ambassador to Turkey, Prince Mirza Riza Khan utilized the Hahambashi as the final decider of Jewish law.

1911: Supporters of Sigmund Freud attack Alfred Adler and his followers at a meeting of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society. The Freudians believe “that sexual feelings and sexual repression are the primary motivations of human behavior” while “Adler insists that feelings of inferiority, mostly on the subconscious level, combined with compensatory defense mechanisms (like overcompensation) become the primary forces behind behavior - especially pathological behavior.”

1913(1st of Adar I, 5673): Parashat Terumah and Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1913: Boris Thomashefsky is scheduled to present “Dvorelle the MIcheses” at the Haymarket in Chicago.

1915: It was reported today that a gala event at the Waldorf Astoria Hotel has raised more than $7,000 for the Ladies’ Hebrew Fuel and Aid Society.

1915: It was reported today that plans have been for “a Palestine Pageant and Oriental Exposition” at the St. Luke’s Church in New York which will received support from “fourteen neighboring churches of various denominations.” (Editor’s Note -  It would seem that the question of who “owns” Palestine is more complicated than one might already think.)

1916: “The American Jewish Relief Committee has issued a preliminary report of distribution showing that so far $1,085,000 has been sent to Russia, $660,000 to Germany, $430,000 to Austria-Hungary and $109,243 Palestine.

1916: “Alleging that the name of his family was being used to lure hundreds of poor east side Jews into a real estate venture, Jesse I. Straus, the son of Isidor Straus who lost on the Titantic, appeared at the District Attorney’s office” today “and urged immediate investigation of the Chatsworth Industrial Company.”

1916: “Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels notified Leon Sanders, President of the Hebrew Sheltering and Immigrant Aid Society” today “that the 60,000 pounds of matzoth which the organization is to send to Palestine would be taken on board the collier Sterling which is scheduled to leave Norfolk, VA for Alexandria, VA” in the next eight days.

1916: The concerns of Dr. M.J. Lewis reported today included “the worries of the older generation of Jews that so many of their offspring, in spite of the work of the Educational Alliance, are mistaking liberty for license and feel that their young are going astray.  American ideas and ideals are causing a great gulf to spring up between the older and the younger.  It is this gulf that is giving them concern.”

1918: In the East of London, garment manufacture Philip Rayne and his wife gave birth to “property developer” and philanthropist Max Rayne whose good works led to him being made a “life peer” known as Baron Rayne.

1918: After completing three weeks of training. Solomon Landman was sent to Camp Hancock in Augusta, GA where he performed many of the functions of a social worker and a chaplain including visiting the sick in hospitals, setting up entertainment for the troops and conducting religious services.

1918: According to reports “from Zurich, in an interview with Rabbis Lipshitz, Treistman and Cahano, the Polish Premier Kucharzewski promised to submit to the Political Department, the rabbinical memorandum on anti-Semitic restrictions still prevailing in Poland and to satisfy the Jewish demands.”

1919(8th of Adar I, 5679): Parashat Terumah

1919: Rabbi Gerson B Levi led Shabbat services at B’nai Shalom Temple Israel on Chicago’s Michigan Avenue.

1919: In statement made public today by the ZOA, “Jacob H. Schiff said he favored the establishment of a Jewish Homeland in Palestine but found himself unable to endorse some of the phases of Zionist propaganda in particular the emphasis on Jewish nationalism at the expense of religion.

1919: After World War, Hugo Guttman the Jewish officer who successfully lobbied for Adolf Hitler to receive the Iron Cross First Class, “was demobilized from the German Army but was still maintained on the Army rolls as a Reserve Lieutenant.”

1920: The Illustrated Sunday Herald, a popular British Sunday newspaper, published an article by Winston Churchill urging the Jews of Russia and beyond to choose Zionism over Bolshevism.  In one sense, Churchill saw Zionism as anti-dote for Jews who would otherwise be drawn the Communist cause.

1921: Birthdate of Immanuel Jakobovits, the native of Konigsberg, Germany who became the Chief Rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregations of the Commonwealth.

1923: In Paddington, London “Italian actor Victor Rietti and Rachel Rosenay” gave birth to Lucio Rietti who gained fame as English actor Robert Rietti.

1923: The Völkischer Beobachter ("Völkisch Observer") the newspaper of the National Socialist German Workers' Party or Nazi Party was published as daily for the first time.

1925: Kaufman and Berlin's "Coconuts" premiered in New York City.

1930: "Happy Days Are Here Again" by Benny Mereoff hits #1.

1931: In Cairo, King Faud opened the Museum of Modern Art which was located in a mansion that had been purchased by Elie Mosseri and donated to the government.  Mosseri was a leading member of the Egyptian-Jewish community.

1934: Birthdate of Louis Katz, the long serving Yiddish copy editor of the Forward. (As reported by Paul Berger)

1935 (5th of Adar I, 5695):  Max Liebermann leading German impressionist painter and graphic artist, passed away at the age of 87.  Some of his works are on display at the Jewish Museum in New York.  Once you see a Liebermann you want to see more.

1935: “Rumba” a musical drama based on a story by Guy Endore was released in the United States today.

1936(15th of Shevat, 5696): Parashat Beshalach, Shabbat Shirah, Tu B’Shevat

1936: In honor of the “Sabbath of Jewish Song” (known as Shabbat Shirah) Temple Emanu-El is scheduled to follow a special liturgy developed by the “Board of American Hazan-Minsters” of which Walter A. Davidson is secretary.

1936: “Three peasants were killed and several were wounded” when peasants ‘armed with pitchforks and clubs fought with the police “who were searing for the nationalist ringleaders who organized anti-Jewish riots in Zagorow, Poland.

1936: A national conference on Palestine at Washington D.C’s Willard Hotel which “is intended to formulate a comprehensive program to link the efforts of the Jews of” the United States “and of Europe in providing for the transportation” German, Polish and other European Jews to Palestine opened today.

1937: “The plight of the Jews was forcibly brought to the attention of the world” today with the startling report “that the Polish government planned the immediate ‘evacuation” of all of the more than three million Jews in Poland, “thereby confronting other nations with a migration problem of unprecedented dimensions.”

1937: “Nationalism Casts Polish Jews Aside” published today described a “drive similar to that in the Reich that aims to ‘Polonize’ towns and the country’s businesses” which means  the government has thrown its political and economic might on the side of 22 million Poles and to ignore the needs of the Jewish population which it considers to be “surplus.”

1938: In Rome, the Minister for Popular Culture issued an official statement today denying “rumors published in various foreign newspapers” describing “measures taken against the intellectual activity of the Jews” including a ban on Jews speaking on the radio and a ban on all books and plays by Jewish authors.

1938: Today, Tribuna, “one of Rome’s two principal Fascist dailies printed a two-column review of In the Dawn of a World by Franz Werfel.

1939: “Thirty people marched tonight from a wine cellar in downtown Vienna to a near-by Nazi headquarters shouting ‘Down with Roosevelt, Down with Jews, Heil Hitler.’”

1939: “The contention that Palestine is the only country where Jews from Germany and Central Europe can be received on a scale that will solve the refugee was stressed tonight by Dr. Chaim Weizmann” as he started to present the Jewish case at the opening of the hearings in London.

1940: The first ghetto was set up by the Nazis in Lodz. The idea was to bring in all Jews from the surrounding areas in order to make it easier to proceed with the "Final Solution." By the first of May, 160,000 Jews would have been herded into the Ghetto.

1940: Edzia Abbe and her family were among the Jews forced to move into what would become the Lodz ghetto.

 1940: Birthdate of Ted Koppel, ABC newsman and host of Nightline.  Koppel was born in England where his parents had fled to escape Hitler’s Germany.  According to one source, Koppel’s proudest possession is a family Torah Scroll.

1941: Lord Moyne, the British leader who would be murdered by Lehi in 1944, began serving as Secretary of State for the Colonies in the cabinet led by his friend Winston Churchill. He also assumed the leadership position in the House of Lords per the appointment of Churchill who as commoner served in the House of Commons.

1942: Herman Barron defeated Henry Picard by two strokes to win the Western Open in Phoenix, AZ.  This made him the first Jewish golfer to win a PGA Tour event.

 1942: Birthdate of actor and comedian Robert Klein.

1942: Fritz Todt, Hitler’s Minister of Armaments died in a plane crash today paving the way for Albert Speer to assume all of his powerful positions in the Third Reich – an assumption of power that should have led him to the gallows at Nuremberg.

1942: Author Hans Gunther Adler was deported along with his wife Gertrude Klepetar to Theresienstadt where he would spend the next three years of his life and she would die.

1942: Much to the disappointment of the Nazis only 359 Jews (137 women) from the Kovno ghetto arrived in Riga. The German Civil Administration in Lithuania had originally requested 1,000 male Jews.

1943: Sixty-seven year old Frederick Paul Keppel who Third Assistant Secretary of War during World War I played a role in having “a double triangle placed above the graves of the Jewish soldiers” who died in France “instead of the cross” passed away today.

1944(14th of Shevat, 5704): Seventy-seven year old “Sir Elly (Eleaszer Silas) Kadoorie, Bagdad-born Jewish philanthropist, who was taken prisoner by the Japanese in Hong Kong” passed away today. (As reported by JTA)

1944(14th of Shevat, 5704): Eighty-six year old Bernard Sachs, the American neurologist who is the Sachs in Tay-Sachs Disease an honor he earned because he “provided a more comprehensive description of the disease, and in 1887 noted its higher occurrence in Ashkenazi Jews from Eastern Europe” passed away today.

1944: The Nazis deported 1,000 Jews from Holland to Birkenau, including 268 hospital patients.

1945: The Alsos Mission, a sub-set of Robert Oppenheimer’s Manhattan Project which was “established to investigate enemy scientific developments involving nuclear weapons chemical and biological weapons, and the means to deliver them” “reopened its forward headquarters in Strasbourg as Alsos Forward South (AFwdS0”

1946: In Palestine, Jewish newspapers respond to an attack on a British military installation followed by a British rampage aimed at the Jews of Cholon by publishing  editorials calling on the Jewish population to reject the tactics of terrorism in their quest to create a Jewish homeland regardless of British or Arab provocations.  An editorial in the Palestine Post calls on the Jews to “ferret out extremists” and to remember that “lawless violence will generate lawless violence—from which the innocent invariably suffer more than the guilty.  In its editorial, Haaretz“declared these incidents had given the Jewish people an ‘opportunity of reminding itself that forces are being let loose that cannot after be controlled…We have to pursue the difficult struggle against British policy and there many ways of doing it.  Our fight is against British policy, not against British soldiers.’”

1947: Birthdate of MIT grad Gerald Jay “Gerry” Sussman who became the Panasonic Professor of Electrical Engineering at his alma mater where he developed a specialty in artificial intelligence.

1949: Formation of Shabak or Shin Bet, the Israel security service

1951: Birthdate of Deborah Lynn Friedman, who as Debbie Friedman would change the face of Jewish music in the last half of the 20th century.

1952(11th of Shevat, 5712): Eighty-four year old Max W. Wallenstein, one of the four children of Esther and Solomon Wallenstein passed away.

1952: “Lambert the Sheepish Lion” an animated short film featuring the voices of Stan Freberg and June Foray was released today in the United States.

1958: Birthdate of actor Barry Miller.

1960: “Tiger at the Gates” co-produced by Henry Weinstein, co-directed by Harold Culman and featuring David Hurst as the “Poet Propagandist” was broadcast today as “The Play of the Week.”

1966(18th of Shevat, 5726): Eighty two year old Russian-born American mathematical physicist Paul Epstein passed away today.

1964: After 149 performances “Chips with Everything,” a play by Arnold Wexler finished its Broadway run.

1967(28th of Shevat, 5727): Seventy-three year old British publisher Sir Victor Gollancz passed away today.

1967: Falastin, a Jaffa based Palestinian newspaper founded in 1911 “that became one the most influential newspapers in Ottoman and British Palestine” ceased publication today.

1971: The NASDAQ stock market index, which Bernie Madoff helped to create, makes its debut. According to some, the confidence that Madoff built up in his role with NASDAQ, would become a tool in the creation of the largest Ponzi scheme in history.

1972(23rd of Shevat): Seventy-eight year old Samuel Pinanski, the President of the American Theatres Corporation and the Hebrew Free Loan Society passed away today.

1973(6th of Adar I, 5733):  Max Yasgur, the owner of the farm where Woodstock took place, passed away.

1974: “Many leading figures in British show business appealed to Soviet authorities to allow Panov to emigrate to Israel with his wife.”

1975: Opening session of the Second National Conference in Solidarity with Chile co-sponsored by Herbert Aptheker, the youngest child of wealthy Jewish family from Brooklyn who became a leading Marxist.

1976: The first recorded meeting of what would become the Women's Rabbinic Network took place.

1976: “The Taxi Driver” produced by Julia and Michael Phillips, co-starring Albert Brooks and Harvey Keitel and with music by Bernard Hermann was released in the United States today.

1978(1st of Adar I, 5738): Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1978(1st of Adar I, 5738): Fifty-one German born Arnulf M. Pins the “director for the Middle East Region of the Joint Distribution Committee, and associate director of JDC-Israel” passed away today in Jerusalem.

1980: “American Gigolo” an oddly plotted crime movie produced by Jerry Bruckheimer was released in the United States today.

1981: A revival production of “The Five O’Clock Girl” with music by Harry Ruby and lyrics by Bert Kalmar closed at the Helen Hayes Theatre.

1981: In a case of Jew on Jew, the curtain came down on a revival of The Five O’Clock Girl, a Harry Ruby and Bert Kalamar musical which Times critic Frank Rich described as"amiably silly" saying it "is not without passing interest as an arcane footnote to theatrical history, but as entertainment in 1981 it's a pretty slim affair,” adding that "the show's book is tiresomely long, and its gags are unshucked corn” meaning that “we're living just for the songs, and very few of them prove to be worth living for."

1982(15th of Shevat, 5742): Tu B’Shevat

1982(15th of Shevat, 5742): Just two days before his 65th birthday, Edward Lawrence “Eddie” Turchin, an infielder for the 1943 Cleveland Indians passed away today in Brookhaven, NY.

1983(25th of Shevat, 5743): Eighty-four year old “Alfred Wallenstein, the conductor, cellist, classical music pioneer on radio and former music director of the Los Angeles Philharmonic” passed away today. (As reported by Allen Hughes)

1983: The Kahan Commission released its report today.

1984(5th of Adar I, 5744): Eight-one year old Mordechai Shapira, the son of Avraham and Liba Rochel Shapira and the husband of Batya Shapira, passed away today in Petah Tikva.

1988: A commission of historians charged by the Austrian Government to look into President Kurt Waldheim's wartime record reported today that he must have been aware of atrocities committed around him and did nothing about them, and that he tried to conceal his military past

1990: Herb Gray, a member of the Liberal Party, began serving as Leader of the Opposition in the Canadian Parliament today.

1991: Victor Erlich, the grand-son of Henryk Erlich was informed that according to a decree passed under Russian president Boris Yeltsin, Victor Alter, together with Erlich had been "rehabilitated" and the repressions against them had been declared unlawful. Victor Alter had been a Jewish leader of the Bund who was arrested by the NKVD and eventually executed by Stalin as part of his plan to murder any of those who might work for a non-Communist Poland after the end of the War.

1991: Israeli media reported that three soldiers had been wounded when Jordanian gunmen sneaked across the border and threw a hand grenade at a military bus. A few hours later, an Israeli guard in Jerusalem shot and wounded a Palestinian who attacked him with an ax.

1991(24th of Shevat, 5751): Eighty-five year old photographer Aaron Siskind passed away today.  (As reported by Andy Gundberg)

1992(4th of Adar I, 5752): Ninety-three year old  Yiddish Art Theatre actor Baruch Lumet the father of Sidney Lumet the filmmaker responsible for such hits as Serpico and Network passed away today.

1998: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Commanding Heights: The Battle Between Government and the Marketplace That Is Remaking the Modern World by Daniel Yergin and Joseph Stanislaw and the newly released paperback edition of Hannah Arendt, Martin Heidegger by Elizabeth Ettinger

1998(12th of Shevat, 5758): Ninety-five year old Joseph Baruch (J.B.) Salsberg who “was a Labor-Progressive member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1943 to 1955” passed away today.

2001(15th of Shevat, 5761): Tu B’Shevat

2001: “A Brazilian production of Stephen Sondheim’s ‘Company’ opened today at the Teatro Villa-Lobos in Rio de Janeiro.”

2001: Hamas claimed responsibility for today’s Beit Yisrael Bombing in which two people were injured in Jerusalem. 

2001(15th of Shevat, 5761): Eighty-eight year old pioneering dancer and choreographer Pauline Koner passed away today.  (As reported by Jack Anderson and Lewis Segal)

2002: The XIX Olympic Winter Games, during which 16 year old Sarah Hughes won a gold medal, opened today in Salt Lake City.

2002: “Jewish involvement of Patriots' owner extends to Israel” by Jacob Horowitz, reported today that Robert Kraft may or may not have said the Shehechiyanu when his New England Patriots scored the game-winning field goal in Sunday's Super Bowl, but there was no mistaking the elation of this Jewish businessman and philanthropist. The team owner nearly leapt through the glass window of his sky box at the Superdome in New Orleans as the clock ticked down and the 20-17 victory over the heavily favored St. Louis Rams brought the team its first Super Bowl title. Kraft's passion, evident throughout this week's celebratory events, is not limited to football. Indeed, his presence -- and philanthropic endeavors -- has resonated far beyond the Patriots' front office. Along with his wife, Myra, Kraft has been heavily involved in Jewish and non-Jewish projects throughout the area. And the Krafts' Jewish involvement extends beyond Boston to New York and Israel, where they have invested in study programs, absorption of Ethiopian Jews, and a football stadium. "Bob and Myra are truly an amazing combination," said Barry Shrage, president of Boston's Combined Jewish Philanthropies and a longtime friend of the family. "They are two folks who are committed to all of the citizens of Greater Boston and the world, but they also have a strong connection and commitment to Israel and the Jewish people." In 1989 the Krafts, in collaboration with Combined Jewish Philanthropies, introduced the Myra and Robert Kraft Passport to Israel Fund. The fund helps children involved in Jewish studies take an educational trip to Israel sometime between their sophomore and senior years of high school. To date, thousands of students have taken advantage of the trips to Israel that the Krafts help provide. In addition, the Krafts have been active in developing the sister-city relationship between Boston and Haifa. In 1998 they participated in the renovation of an afterschool enrichment center that assists in the absorption, education and integration of Haifa's Ethiopian community. Aside from the Krafts' their work with the Ethiopian Jewish community, their impact and presence can be felt across the state of Israel. Kraft is the primary shareholder of Carmel Container Systems, Israel's largest packaging plant. In 1997, he invested $40 million in a plant in Caesarea in order to provide his company, which employs 700 people, with the most advanced technology available. In 1999, Kraft brought his love of football to Israel in the form of a new stadium, Israel's first American football stadium. Kraft Stadium, at the northern end of Sacher Park in Jerusalem, is used to accommodate the Jerusalem-based American Touch Football in Israel league. Currently in 13th year, the league runs a 33-team, 500-player league in Israel's capital. At the time of the groundbreaking, the league president, Steve Leibowitz, commented that "this will be the start of an American sports revolution in Jerusalem." Closer to home, the Krafts have worked to promote interfaith relations. Among other things, they created the Kraft-Hiatt Fund, a joint endowment fund through which gifts to College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, Mass., and Brandeis University in Waltham, Mass., are used to encourage a greater understanding between Christians and Jews. In referring to his friend, Shrage said, "Robert always says that his investment in Israel and his commitment to the Jewish people is a result of his upbringing." Kraft's father, Harry Kraft, was a highly respected leader in the Jewish community of Brookline, a Boston suburb. Myra Kraft, a 1964 Brandeis graduate and the daughter of Boston philanthropist Jacob Hiatt, has been a trustee at Brandeis since 1988. She also sits on the board of directors of Combined Jewish Philanthropies and is a member of its overseas committee, and is chairwoman of the Israel program committee. In April 2000, Kraft gave an $11.5 million gift to Columbia University, his alma mater, for the establishment of the Robert K. Kraft Center for Jewish Student Life. At the time, Kraft said the basement facility for Jewish students had not changed from the time he began Columbia in 1963 to when his son David entered in 1991. "For a school like Columbia University in New York City, with the number of Jewish students, it is very important that there would be this kind of facility. I just thought it was time to help."  Said Richard Joel, president and international director of Hillel: The Foundation for Jewish Campus Life, "You only have to listen to what Mr. Kraft said when he accepted the Super Bowl trophy to understand what matters to him -- faith, family and country. "It is no wonder that he and Myra are deeply committed to a values agenda. We are delighted to count them among our leadership." Kraft's Jewish identity has even occasionally trickled into his position as owner of the Patriots. On Sept. 22, 1996, he asked that the kickoff of a game between the Patriots and the Jacksonville Jaguars be changed to avoid a conflict with Yom Kippur, which started at sundown that evening. Kraft requested the change so Jews, including himself and his family, could see the entire game before the start of Kol Nidre services that night.

2004(16th of Shevat, 5764):  Julius "Julie" Schwartz American comic book and science fiction editor passed away. He is best known as a longtime editor at DC Comics, where at various times he was primary editor over the company's flagship superheroes, Superman and Batman.

2004: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including An End to Evil: How to Win the War on Terror
by David Frum and Richard Perle and Someone To Run With by David Grossman; translated by Vered Almog and Maya Gurantz.

2005:  Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon and Palestinian leader Mahmoud Abbas announced a cease-fire at a summit in Egypt.

2005: “Fateless,”  an Hungarian “based on the semi-autobiographical novel Fatelessness by the Nobel Prize-winner Imre Kertész, who also wrote the screenplay” which “tells the story of a teenage boy who is sent to concentration camps at Auschwitz, Buchenwald and Zeitz” was released today in Hungary, Germany and the United Kingdom.

2006: Haaretzreported that IDF confiscated a stolen seventh-century synagogue mosaic. An archaeologist said the mosaic seized from Palestinian antiquities thieves appears to have been cut from the floor of a previously unknown synagogue that dates back to the 7th century.

2006: In Hebron international observers end their decade-long presence following attacks by Palestinians.

2007(20th of Shevat, 5767): Ninety-five year old Florence Melton “an inventor of the foam soled washable slipper and the mother of Gordon Zacks and Barry Zacks passed away today.

2007: The 11th annual New York Sephardic Jewish Film Festival closed after a week long run. 

2008: At the Folger Library in Washington, D.C. Daniel Mendelssohn, author of The Lost: A Search for Six of Six Million participates in a PEN/Faulkner event entitled "Imagination as Subversion: The Role of Imagination in Memoir & Nonfiction."

2009: The Sunday New York Times features reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Jerusalem FileJoel Stone’s adamantly anti-heroic novel about a former Israeli security officer who has lost his will to live,”The Samaritan’s Secret, Matt Beynon Rees’ latest thriller which “finds the protagonist Omar Yussef in Nablus, helping his friend Sami Jaffari, a lieutenant with the national police, investigate the theft of a priceless Torah scroll (said to be the oldest book in the world) from a Samaritan sect’s synagogue” and the recently released paperback version of The Conscience of a Liberal byPaul Krugman.

2009: The Washington Post features reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Random Acts of Heroic Love by Danny Scheinmann, the English author who is the son of two Jewish immigrants and Is God A Mathematician byMario Livio a Romanian born Jewish astrophysicists who was educated in Israel, served with IDF and is currently the senior astrophysicist at the Hubble Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore

2009: This evening, Hila Plitmann, the 36-year-old Israeli operatic soprano, won her Grammy for Best Classical Performance as vocalist on a recording of Mr. Tambourine Man: Seven Poems of Bob Dylan (2000), an original composition for full orchestra and amplified soprano by John Corigliano using the lyrics of Dylan and performed by the Buffalo Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by JoAnne Falletta.

2010: The New York premiere of “Salvador: The Ship of Shattered Hopes” is scheduled to take place tonight at the 14th New York Sephardic Film Festival is schedule.

2010: In Washington, the DCJCC is scheduled to present a program entitled “Sanctuary in Israel: The Plight of African Asylum Seekers and Refugees in Israel Today.”

2010: Eleven people were arrested as Israeli Ambassador to the United States Michael Oren was repeatedly interrupted while trying to deliver an address tonight at the University of California, Irvine. 2010: Unknown assailants torched a building housing a Conservative synagogue in Arad tonight, a year after a failed attempt to burn the shul.

2010: Chancellor Arnodl Eisen and JTS Provost Alan Cooper met with about 100 students, faculty and alumni to discuss the recent announcement that the position of deal of the JTS cantorial school has been eliminated.

2010(25 Shevat, 5770): Ninety-four year old Rabbi Bernard Lander, founder and president of Touro College, passed away today. (As reported by Margalit Fox)

2011: Members of Maryland’s Jewish community are scheduled to meet with the Governor, Lt. Governor and state legislators as part of The Maryland Jewish Community 2011 Annapolis Advocacy Day.

2011: Opening night of the Atlanta Jewish Film Festival.

2011: Two Kassam rockets slammed into a field and a parking lot in a kibbutz in the Sha'ar Hanegev regional council at around 11 a.m.

2012(15th of Shevat, 5772): Tu B’Shevat

2012: Based on a previous announcement by Ofer Eini, chairman of Histadrut, a general strike in support of contract workers is scheduled to begin today shutting down banks, the Bank of Israel, the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange (TASE), buses, railways, the courts, national parks, local authorities, and government ministries

2012: LilithEditor in Chief Susan Weidman Schneider and Michelle Brafman, a writer and fiction teacher at GWU and the Johns Hopkins MA in writing program, are scheduled to facilitate an evening devoted to discussing the influences of naming practices on the identities of Jewish women.

2012: Former Mossad Chief Meir Dagan kicked off a new movement calling for changes in the political system today by warning that the current system could result in faulty decision-making on key issues like Iran.

2012: Gilad Schalit, the IDF soldier held in Hamas captivity for five years before being released in October, was welcomed by French President Nicolas Sarkozy to the Élysée Palace in Paris on today. 2013: “Excellence” a concert featuring the Young Piano Masters of the Aldwell Institute of the Jerusalem Conservatory of Music and Dance is scheduled to take place at the Eden-Tamir Music Center

2013: An IISHJ (International Institute for Secular Humanistic Judaism) Seminar, “Matzah Without Dogma: Four Centuries of Secular and Humanistic Judaism,” featuring Rabbi Adam Chalom is scheduled to begin at Silver Spring, MD.

 2013: Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu today condemned an arson attack at Betar Jerusalem soccer club's offices overnight, calling it "disgraceful."

2013: As snow began falling across the Northeastern US today, ushering in what was predicted to be a huge, possibly historic blizzard — and sending residents scurrying to stock up on food, and gas up their cars — some synagogues announced they would be canceling weekend services. At least two synagogues in Providence, R.I., called off Shabbat services this weekend in light of the expected severe weather. More than two feet of snow were expected in Providence, one of the highest predicted snowfalls on the East Coast this weekend.

2013: A British judge ordered Google to help identify people who may have defamed a London rabbi accused of inappropriate conduct toward women.

2014: The JCC of Northern Virginia is scheduled to host the “Ninth Annual Comedy” night featuring Monica Piper

2014: “The Attack” is scheduled to be shown at The David Posnack JCC’s 14th annual Jewish Film Festival

2014: “The Girl on the Train” is scheduled to be shown at the 24th annual San Diego Jewish Film Festival

2014: For its Joyce Theatre debut, the company created by talented Israeli choreographers Lee Sher and Saar Harari is scheduled to perform the New York premiere of Grass and Jackals, a dance piece and light spectacle.

2014: “An Israeli activist from the leftist Ta'ayush organization says he was attacked today in the West Bank by a group of masked settlers who beat him with clubs.” (As reported by Eilor Levy)

2014: Former CIA Director James Woolsey told Israeli Channel 10 TV today that “anti-Semitism could be a factor in the US refusal to release” Jonathan Pollard.

2014: For the fourth time this week, Palestinian terrorists in Gaza fired a rocket this evening in southern Israel. (As reported by Matan Tsuri)  

2014: In “At Look at a Real Man Portrayed in Monuments Men” Jamie Stengle profiles the character portrayed by Matt Damon -- James Rorimer the museum curator and director of the Metropolitan Museum who Cleveland born Jew, a fact not mentioned in the movie for some strange reason.

2015: The Jewish National Fund of Canada - 2015 Tu Bi'Shevat Telethon is scheduled to take place today.

2015: Four ultra-Orthodox protesters were arrested today during a Jerusalem protest against IDF enlistment, that featured vandalism including setting fire to trash dumpsters.  

2015:Comedian Joan Rivers won a posthumous Grammy Award” tonight in the category of Best Spoken Word Album for the audio version of her 2014 memoir “Diary of a Mad Diva.” (As reported by Lior Zaltzman)

2015: In Coralville, IA the children of Agudas Achim are scheduled to celebrate Tu B’Shevat by planting herb and vegetable seeds which they will transplant in the Spring.

2015: Illinois Holocaust Museum & Education Center is scheduled to “mark the 100th anniversary of the Armenian genocide with a powerful symposium that examines the United States' response to the genocide through the lens of the Near East Relief, the first non-governmental, non-sectarian, ecumenical of its kind.”

2015: The Jewish Historical Society of Greater Washington and Adas Israel are scheduled to co-host “Voices of the Vigil – A Movement in Music” during which Robyn Helzner “shares her experiences as an activist in the Soviet Jewry movement.”

2015: The Eyal Vilner Big Band is scheduled to bring the timeless sounds of the Swing Era to Smalls Jazz Club.

2015: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Test: Why Our Schools Are Obsessed With Standardized Testing — But You Don’t Have to Be by Anya Kamenetz and the recently released paperback edition of Operation Paperclip: The Secret Intelligence Program That Brought Nazi Scientists to America by Annie Jacobsen.

2016: “For You Were Once Strangers” is scheduled to be shown at the Bow Tie Cinemas.

2016: The Jewish Historical Society of Greater Washington is scheduled to host an “Insider's Talk with Chief Curator Hetty Berg of Amsterdam's Jewish Historical Museum.”

2016: An unidentified Arab stabbed and wounded an eleven year old boy in Ramle today.

2016: With the memory of last week’s fatal stabbing of border policewoman Hadar Cohen fresh in their minds. “Jerusalem police guarding the Damascus Gate…arrested an Arab woman carrying a large knife.”

2016: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to host an evening exploring the life of Hungarian Jewry based on How They Lived: The Everyday Lives of Hungarian Jews, 1867-1940 by Andras Koerner.

2017: In Memphis, TN, Temple Israel’s Barbara K. Lipman Early Learning Center is scheduled to host a carnival style celebration of Tu B’Shevat.

2017: In a testament to the vitality of small-town Jewry, the Agudas Achim book club in Coralville, IA is scheduled to discuss Moonglow by Michael Chabon.

2017: Suzanne Schnieder is scheduled to present the second class on “Separation Anxiety: Religion and the Modern State” which explores the role of separation of church and state in democratic states.

2018: The Illinois Holocaust Commission is scheduled to co-host “If Not Now, When!” a panel discussion on the ‘impace and response to the Rohingya Genocide.

2018: The 28thAnnual San Diego Jewish Film Festival is scheduled to open today.

2018: In London, JW3 is scheduled to host the final screening of “Menashe” which is a rarity since it is a full length feature film in Yiddish.

2018: The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to host a pub crawl starting at Turf Tavern during the 4th week of Hilary Term.

2018: The Yeshiva University Museum is scheduled to host an evening with Brandeis University art historian Peter R. Kalb and artist Ben Schachter as they discuss issued raised in Schacter’s latest book, Image, Action and Idea in Contemporary Jewish Art.

2018: As part of Black History Month, Albion College is scheduled to host a screening and discussion of “Rosenwald: The Remarkable Story of a Jewish Partnership with African-American Communities.”

This Day, February 9, In Jewish History by Mitchell A. Levin

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February 9

474: Zeno was crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. “The feeling of Emperor Zeno towards the Jews is illustrated by a remark made at the races of Antioch. After a mob murdered many Jews, threw their corpses into the fire, and burned their synagogue Zeno commented, ‘They should have burned the living ones also.’”

1119: Calixtus II was named Pope.  During his twenty five years on the papal throne, Calixtus II “provided a considerable amount of protection for Roman Jews.”

1267: The Synod of Breslau ordered Jews of Silesia to wear special caps.

1288(4thof Adar): Pola, a female copiest who belonged the Avanim family from Rome completed working on a book of the Bible as can be seen from the colophon which revealed “the name of her father, her forefathers, her first husband and the date of completion.” (As reported by Renee Levine Melammed)

1404: In Constantinople, Manuel II Palaiologos and Helena Dragaš gave birth to Constantine XI Palaiologos, the last Byzantine Emperor who would lose his capital to the Ottomans led by Mehmed II in 1453. This would mark the end of Christian domination in parts of eastern Europe and Asia Minor, a change which would have incalculable effect on Jews living in the region as far west as Spain.

1517: Isabel Lopez, the daughter of Maria Lopez offered an expanded rebuttal of the charges made against by the Inquisition. “She never observed Shabbat or wore special clothes except in honor of a Church holy day, a baptism or wedding ceremony. She recited the Ave Maria, the Pater Noster, the Creed and the Salve Regina. She had no idea what the sciatic nerve was, but was a clean woman who ate all types of fish and animals. She asked the tribunal to restore her honor and reputation. In August, she stated that the evidence was false and invalid. She was a good Christian; nothing she did was heretical. If she cleaned her meat, it was because she was meticulous; she never dressed up on Friday or Saturday and had no special lamps in her home.” (As reported by Renee Levine Melammed)

1621: Gregory XV was elected Pope. Gregory’s support of the censorship of Jewish books can be seen in the fact that during his brief papacy (1621-1623) at “least three expurgators of Hebrew books were appointed by the Roman Inquisition: Vincentius Matelica, 1622, "auctoritate apostolica"; Isaia di Roma, 1623, "per ordine di Roma"; and Petrus de Trevio, 1623, "deputatus" (officially appointed to revise books).”

1670: Sixty year old Frederick III, who said of the Jews, they “have stolen into Denmark contrary to long-standing custom, [since the days of the Reformation, the Lutheran creed had, according to the laws of Denmark, been compulsory throughout the kingdom], and have dared to traffic with jewels and the like” which led him “to order that no Jew should enter Denmark without a special passport ("Geleitsbrief"), and that those who were already in the country should be heavily fined if they did not leave within fourteen days” passed away today. [Editors’ note: A few years later, however, the tables were turned. Frederick III., being in need of funds for his wars, borrowed money from the Jew Abraham (or Diego) Teixeira de Mattos of Hamburg (known through his relations with the Swedish queen Christina), and gave as security crownlands in Jutland. Teixeira thereupon made such good use of his influence with the Danish king that, as early as Jan. 19, 1657, "the Portuguese professing the Hebrew religion" were permitted to travel everywhere within the kingdom, and to trade and traffic within the limit of the law. Teixeira himself gained little by his transaction with the Danish monarch. As his loan was not returned, he took instead the estates he held as security, selling them later at a great loss. The king acted similarly in his dealings with the De Lima family, who were in possession of the Hald estate from 1660 to 1703.”

1749: Benedict XIV issued a papal bull, “Singulari Nobis consoldtioni” that prohibited marriages between Jews and Christians.

1803: Michael Benjamin married Sarah Goodman today at the Great Synaogue.

1807: Napoleon convened the French Sanhedrin. The first meeting in Paris of the Napoleonic Sanhedrin was under the leadership of The Assembly of Jewish Notables. It opened amid great pomp and celebration under the direction of Abraham Furtado. The Sanhedrin was modeled on the ancient Tribunal in Jerusalem and consisted of 71 members - 46 Rabbis and 25 laymen. Rabbi David Sinzheim of Strasburg was its President. They were presented with 12 questions regarding the positions of Jewry regarding polygamy, divorce, usury, other faiths, and most important whether they considered France to be their Fatherland. Needless to say, they received "guidance" from the emperor as to the general formulation of the answers.

1808: In Westphalia, a large delegation of Jews visited King Jerome, the brother of Napoleon to express their thanks for his granting them full emancipation.  During the audience he told them: Tell your brothers to enjoy the rights that were granted to them.  They can depend upon my protection on a par with the rest of my children."

1812: Birthdate of Israel “Izzy” Lazarus, the London born bare-knuckle boxer who moved to the United States in 1853 with his wife and two sons (both of whom were boxers) where he was “saloon keeper” and fight promoter.

1815: Birthdate of Austrian Talmudist and historian Isaac Hirsch Weiss best known for his 5 volume work Each Generation and Its Scholars, “a history of the Halakha, or oral law, from Biblical times until the expulsion of the Jews from Spain at the end of the 15th century.”

1825: Birthdate of Abraham Pereira Mendes, the native of Kingston Jamaica whose lengthy career as a rabbi took him London and Montego Bay before spending the last ten years as the leader of Touro Synagogue in Newport, R.I.

1825: For the first, and so far only time, the House of Representatives chose the President of the United States when it elected John Quincy Adams to the Presidency during which he responded to a letter from Major Mordecai Manuel Noah by saying “I believe in the rebuilding of Judea as an independent nation.”

1842: In Charleston, SC, Frank Segar wed Elizabeth De Haan, the daughter of Samuel De Hann.

1842: Samuel H. Myers was admitted to the Bar of United States District Court today.

1849(17thof Shevat, 5609): Eighty-five year old Michael Josephs (aka Myer Königsberg) the native of Konigsberg who met Moses Mendelssohn which studying Talmud in Berlin after which he moved to London where he pursued a business career while writing articles for "Hebrew Review," the "Voice of Jacob," and the "Jewish Chronicle” passed away today.

1852: Today’s “News by the Mail” column reported that “Rabbi Raphall is lecturing at Albany on the Poetry of the Hebrews.”

1854:  In Sappemeer, Netherlands, Abraham Jacobs and Anna de Jongh gave birth to Aletta [Henriëtte] Jacobs, activist for the rights of women and the first Dutch female physician.
http://www.timesofisrael.com/google-doodle-salutes-jewish-dutch-womens-rights-pioneer/
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jacobs-aletta-henri-x00eb-tte

1857(15thof Shevat, 5617): Tu B’Shevat

1860: “The Temple of the Reformed Jews” on Twelfth street, between Third and Fourth avenues, was among the buildings damaged by a gale described as a "winter tornado" that swept across New York City this evening.

1860: The Philadelphia North American reported that it is unlikely that “Captain Moses” will end up in jail.  The man who had been previously described as “a Hebrew” had been charged with swindling those wishing to make donations to aid the destitute Jewish and Christian refugees from Morocco who had taken shelter at Gibraltar.  There will be no trial because there is no real evidence to substantiate the charge.

1862: Toechter Lodge No.2, the second women’s lodge of the Free Sons of Israel was organized today.

1864: In a report published today, the Richmond Examiner highlighted the presence of Jews among those seeking to escape from the Confederacy and find refuge in the North. The Examiner reported that “it is reliably estimated that during the past week over 100 Jews, principals of substitutes and others, have come...to Richmond from the South, put up at the hotels, and disappeared by the various underground routes to the North. How they go is known only to themselves and their agents, but it is true they have gone and are still going. Ten Jews left one of the principal hotels on Sunday morning. They are mostly of the wealthy class, and $10,000 is frequently tendered for a safe passage to the Potomac.” Farmers who have brought goods to the Confederate capital reportedly smuggle the refugees North in their empty wagons. Those caught trying to leave have been imprison in the Castle Thunder Prison.  Jews have been able to escape from the prison by pretending to be dead and having their embalmed bodies taken “through the lines, en route to bereaved relatives in the North.”

1864: N.S. Isaacs of New York wrote to Union General Benjamin Butler concerning his use of the term “Jew” in a disparaging manner in his recent dispatches about a group caught trying to smuggle contraband to Confederate forces.

1865: Professor John W. Draper the first in a series of lectures on "The Historical Influence of Natural Causes." In his address tonight on “The Influence of Climate” he said that that “climate does change men” as can be “seen in the Jews, who come of a common stock. In northern Europe they are fair, with blue eyes, while in Palestine they are tawny, and in Malaga, almost black.”

1865: Birthdate of actress Mrs. Patrick Campbell whom Solomon J. Solomon painted ‘Paula Tanqueray’ in 1894.

1873(12thof Shevat, 5633): Sixty-seven year old Jewish German orientalist Julius Furst passed away in Leipzig.

1875: In New York, the hat store on Third Avenue that belonged to a Polish Jew named Abraham H. Keinski burned tonight.

1876: Today’s session of P.N. Rubenstein’s trial for the murder of Sara Alexander in Kings County lasted from 10:30 in the morning until 3:30 in the afternoon.

1878 Giulia Warwick (born Julia Ehrenberg) created the part of Lady Viola in “The Spectre Knight,” which replaced Dora's Dream as the curtain raiser at the Opera Comique.

1879(16th of Shevat): “Markus Edinger, the first Jew in Mayence to serve as a juror, passed away today

1879: Both sides rested during the trial Abraham D. Freeman and Charles Bernstein who were accused of complicity along with Abraham Perlstein in setting to the house on Ludlow Street.  Perslstein has already been convicted and sentenced.  In his charge to the jury, Judge Barrett spoke strongly on the matter of prejudice, telling all concerned that it had no place in the decision making process. As of midnight, the jury had not reached a verdict.

1879: It was reported today that modern day London and its suburbs cover an area of 700 square miles with a population that includes more Jews than are found in all of Palestine.

1880: It was reported today that Hebraica, which has been published as a monthly supplement to the Jewish Messenger will now be published as a weekly featuring articles on Hebrew literature and the science of the Bible.

1881: Russian novelist Fyodor Dostoyevsky passed away. To the world he is the author of Crime and Punishment and The Brothers Karamazov.  For Jews, he was a skilled author who was also a vocal anti-Semite.  He freely disparaged them as “Yids”  who “have everything to gain from every cataclysm and coup d’état…and only profit from anything that serves to undermine gentile society.”

1885: In Vienna, Johanna and Conrad Berg gave birth to Austrian composer, Alban Berg, a protégé of Arnold Schoenberg.

1889: The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is established as a Cabinet-level agency. Former Kansas Congressman Dan Glickman who served as USDA Secretary from 1995 to 2001 is the only Jew to head this department of the U.S. Government.

1890: Grand Master J.E. Lowenstein presided over the opening session of the Grand Lodge, No.1 of the Independent Order of Free Sons of Israel at Webster Hall in New York City.

1890: A memorial service in honor of the late Seligman Solomon was held today at the Hebrew Orphan Asylum in New York City.

1890: It was reported today Princeton University Professor Arthur Frothingham presented each of the students in his Hebrew Class with a new Hebrew Lexicon and a volume containing the text of Genesis. The course was an elective.  Frothingham was one of the first professors of art history and an archeologist who got in trouble with President of Princeton over his choice of courses.  I have not been able to find out why he was teaching a course in Hebrew, except for the face that his academic training had been foreign languages.

1891: A deed of trust signed by Baron Hirsch and those who have been named to oversee the $2,400,000 grant designed to improve the lot of Russian and Romanian immigrants to the United States was filed in the Register’s office in New York

1895: The mid-year examinations in Hebrew are scheduled to be given at Columbia College today.

1895: William G. Morgan invents volleyball at YMCA in Holyoke, MA.  Jewish  volleyball players include the Brazilian women’s star Adriana Brandão Behar, Aryeh ("Arie") Selinger the Polish born Israeli who coached the Dutch Men's Team to the silver medal at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain and Avital Haim Selinger, a 48 year old Sabra, who, before his retirement, played for two different Dutch teams in the Summer Olympics.

1895(15thof Shevat, 5655): Tu B’Shevat

1895(15thof Shevat, 5655): Elim D’Avigdor “the eldest son of Count Salamon Henri d'Avigdor and of Rachel, second daughter of Sir Isaac Lyon Goldsmid” who followed his engineering career with a publishing career while serving as a leader of the Jewish community as “a warden of the Spanish and Portuguese Synagogue” and “chief of the Chovevi Zion Association” passed away today.

1897: The funeral of 58 year old Morris Goodhart, the President of the Hebrew Sheltering Guardian Society Orphan Asylum  is scheduled to take place this morning at Temple Beth El followed by interment at the family plot at the Washington Cemetery.

1898: “Hebrew Charities Building to be Incorporated” published today described New York State Senator Cantor’s introduction of a bill in the state legislature that would allow for the incorporation of the Hebrew Charities Building in New York City.  “The object of the corporation is to establish and maintain a building in which Hebrew benevolent institutions can have their headquarters, and at which all applicants for aid may apply.”  The building will also include a public library “with a special department of Judaica.”

1899: It was reported today that Ida Silverman was among those chosen to serve on the Executive Committee of the People’s Club in New York City.

1900:  Davis Cup competition is established. The most prominent American Jewish player in Davis Cup competitor was Aaron Krickstein. He was a member of the U.S. Davis Cup team from 1985-1987 and also was a member of the 1990 squad. He compiled a 6-4 record in singles play during Davis Cup ties. The highlight of Krickstein's Davis Cup career came in 1990 when he scored two hard fought victories in a World Group Quarterfinal tie against Czechoslovakia leading his team to a 4-1 win. Israel first competed in Davis Cup play in 1949. Shlomo Glickstein and Eleazar Davidman are two of the most prominent members of the Israeli teams over the last half century.

1900: Birthdate of Friedrich Mandl, the Austrian fascist armaments manufacturer  whose wives included Jewish actress Hedy Lamar and Monika Brücklmeier, the daughter of one of the men executed for his role in the plot to kill Hitler in July of 1944.

1904: Sir Matthew Nathan completed his term as the 20th Governor of the Gold Coast, the British colony that became the independent nation of Ghana.

1904: As some Zionist leaders consider temporary alternatives for a Jewish homeland, Leopold Greenberg cables to accept the offer of the territory in Nandi without delay because a governmental change was impending. Under this pressure Herzl writes back the demanded consent. On the next day he cables Greenberg again to undertake nothing until he received Herzl's written instructions.

1905: In Newark, NJ, Martha levy and Maurice Steinfeld gave birth to Harold L. Steinfeld.

1906: “According to Dr. Mosesohn, a prominent Jew” living in Portland, Oregon, “whose are assertions are corroborated by the local Post Office Officials, a large amount of the money sent from the United States to aid Jewish sufferers in Russia has never been received by those for whom it was intended” due to “a general failure on the part of the Post Offices throughout Russia to cash postal money orders which have been sent to Jews” in Russia..

1906: Birthdate of California native Erwin Charles Ginsburg, who earned All-Far Western Conference honors while playing for Fresno State from 1925 to 1929.

1908: Birthdate of Jacob Finkelstein, the Chicago native who boxed as welterweight under the name of Jackie Fields.

1910:  Birthdate of the influential modern dance choreographer Anna Sokolow.
http://www.nytimes.com/2000/03/30/arts/anna-sokolow-a-modern-choreographer-known-for-studies-in-alienation-dies-at-90.html

1912(21stof Shevat, 5672): Eighty-one year old Marx Moses who had been the Rabbi at Ahavath Chesed in Jacksonville, FL until 1885,  passed away today in New Orleans.

1912: Birthdate of Marianne Baum, the husband of Herbert Baum who were both Jewish leaders of the anti-Nazi resistance.

1913: Miss Prudence Neff is scheduled to perform a piano solo this evening at the Seventeenth Sinai Orchestral Concert at the Sinai Temple.

1913: In his final offering of the weekend, Boris Thomashefsky is scheduled to present “Strange Children” this afternoon at the Haymarket.

1913: The Judaeans are scheduled to hold a meeting this evening at the Hotel Astor where they will “honor of the board of editors of the new Bible translation now being prepared under the joint auspices of the Jewish Publication Society of American and the Central Conference of American Rabbis.

1915: In a letter written today, Charles S. Hartwell who has offered 100 bushels of corn to the Serbian Agricultural Relief Commission shared the text of a postcard from “A Hebrew” who noted that by doing this he was “trying to please the Czar, the protector of my Jewish brethren.”

1915: During today’s session of the Duma, Foreign Minister Segei Sazonov denied allegations that the Russians had organized pogroms against the Jews and that any suffering came from “the Jewish population being in the theatre of war” where “suffering…is an inevitable evil.”

1915: At Worcester, MA,  “the 63rd annual convention of District 1, I.O.B.B., the oldest fraternal Jewish order in American came to a close today after donating $1,000 to the American Zionist toward the relief ship which is to go to Palestine” and appointing “a special committee…to assist in the relief work of the indigent and unemployed of New York.”

1915: “Celebration for Army and Navy Jews” published today described the plans of the Army and Navy Young’ Men’s Hebrew Association to arrange “a Passover celebration…for Jews serving the United States Army and Navy stationed in the vicinity of NewYork” which be held at the Vienna Hall at 58th and Lexington in Manhattan.

1915:  It was reported today that “there are mon than 8,000 Jews” currently serving in the U.S. military.

1916: It was reported today that the matzoth that will be shipped aboard the U.S. Navy collier Sterling “is intended for distribution among Jews who, owing to the war conditions will be unable to get a supply from any other source” and that “the matzoth is being prepared in accordance with all the requirements of the Jewish religion.”

1917: The 600-year-old synagogue of Congregation Shaari Zedek in Tunis was destroyed by fire.

1917: Dr. Isaac Straus, the editor of the American Jewish Chronicle, who has just applied for his naturalization papers denied that he had ever been a member of The Committee for the East, a pro-German propaganda organization or that he had come to the United States with Bernhard Dernburg, the German-Jewish leader who had come to the United States to present the German point of view before America entered the war on the side of the allies.

1917: The Joint Distribution Committee, chaired by Felix M. Warburg, today authorized the transfer to Europe of all of the funds in its possession - $955,000 – for the purpose providing relief to Jews of Europe, Turkey and Palestine.

1917: This week’s issues of The American Hebrewand The American Jewish Chroniclepublished today, “both pledged to President Wilson the unwavering support of the Jews in America” if the United States goes to war with Germany.

1919: Rabbi Jacob S. Minkin delivered the prayer at the ceremony today marking the opening the Nursery of the Daughters of Israel in New York which can accommodate as many as 150 youngsters.

1919: Fannie Newberger is scheduled to present a paper on “Civilization of Ancient India and the Vedie religion” at today’s meeting of the Jewish Literary Society at Zion Temple in Chicago.

1919(9thof Adar I, 5679): Seventy-year old Ludwig Geirger, the son of Abraham Geiger, who was chair of the history department at the University of Berlin passed away today.

1919: The pupils of the Hebrew School are scheduled to perform a playlet and sing songs in Hebrew at today’s annual of the Jewish Education Centre in New York.

1923: “Vienna, City of Song” a “silent film directed by Alfred Deutsch-German” who thought he was safe when he took refuge in France but ended up being murdered at Auschwitz.

1923: Premiere of “The Land of Smiles,” “a romantic operetta with a libretto co-authored by Fritz Löhner-Beda would be murdered by the Nazis two decades later at Monowitz concentration camp.

1924: Twenty-one year old Rose Dinn married 27 year old Sam Ash, the founder of Sam Ash Music Corp. which was, at one time, “the largest family owned chain of musical instrument stores in the United States.

1925(15thof Shevat, 5685) Tu B’Shevat

1925: The Technion opened in Haifa. “As Israel's oldest and premier institute of science and technology, the Technion - Israel Institute of Technology has been an active and leading participant in Israel's establishment and development. With supreme effort and unyielding dedication, deserts have bloomed, swamps have been transformed into fertile agricultural valleys, and sand has given way to silicon. Israel is now recognized as one of the world's most prominent high-tech innovators, and has been called the second Silicon Valley.”  After some years of intense pioneering activities, with which Prof. Albert Einstein's deep involvement, the Technion opened its doors in the 1920’s becoming Israel’s first modern university. The first undergraduate class consisted of 16 students in two areas of instruction; Civil Engineering and Architecture.
After serious debate, the language of instruction was chosen to be Hebrew, as opposed to German. The impact of the first Jewish university in an embryonic Jewish state brought about a vital link between the two. The faculty has had an impact in a variety of fields and has one numerous international honors. In 2004, “Professors Avram Hershko and Aaron Ciechanover of the Faculty of Medicine received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their discovery of the crucial role of ubiquitin in the process of protein breakdown in cells.”  The accomplishments are all the more amazing when one considers the political, economic and cultural milieu in which the Technion was developed – limited funding, terrorism, and the constant threat of national annihilation.


1925: The children of Jerusalem planted trees on Tu B’Shevat

1927: Mrs. Louis L. Rapport gave an address of greeting at “the first joint Senior and Junior meeting of the National Council of Jewish Women of Bergen County Section was held at the Y.M.H.A. building in Hackensack, NJ this evening

1927: “Wrapped in elegant gray furs, Helen Menken was handcuffed and charged with ‘contributing to a common nuisance’ and ‘obscene exhibition’ when police arrested her and the rest of the cast of “The Captive.”

1931: Birthdate of William “Willie: Harmatz, the native of Wilkes-Barre, PA, who grew up in California where he learned the skills to make him a leading jockey who won the Preakness, the third jewel in the triple crown, in 1959.

1934: The funeral for Abraham Shiplacoff, a veteran labor leader and the first member of the Socialist Party to be elected to the New York State Assembly is scheduled to be held today the Daily Forward Building in New York City.

1934: In Chicago, Jules Stein the ophthalmologist who founded MCA, and “the former Doris Jones” gave birth to Jean Babette Stein “whose restless curiosity led her to produce oral histories about Robert F. Kennedy, the tragic Warhol star Edie Sedgwick and a group of people and families who transformed Los Angeles.” (As reported by Richard Sandomir)
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/02/books/jean-stein-dies-chronicled-wealth-fame-and-influence.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

1934: In the UK, premiere of the “The Rise of Catherine The Great” directed by Paul Czinner, produced by Alexander Korda, with music by Irving Berlin.

1936: “Mrs. William Dick Sporborg accepted the chairmanship of the women’s division of the United Palestine Appeal” which plans on “raising $3,500,000 during 1936 to finance the settlement in Palestine of large numbers of Jews from Germany and other Eastern European countries.

1936: In a statement issued today “through Dr. Stephen S. Wise” Dr. Chaim Weizmann said “American Jewry constitutes the premier Jewish community in the world” and such it “must recognize that the rebuilding of Palestine as Jewry’s ‘one means of self-preservation’ rather than a mere philanthropic enterprise. (Editor’s note:  Compare this inclusionary statements with the exclusionary policies followed increasingly by the current of government of Israel)

1936: In a sermon this morning, Dr. J. Stanley Durkee, the pastor of the Plymouth Church of the Pilgrims in Brooklyn criticized “Jews for declining to become ‘an integral part of the civilization around them’” while describing their persecutors as those “who have driven them away and so over-pressed them that their only hope lies in money to purchase their freedeom”

1936: In Buffalo, at a meeting of the executive board of the Union Hebrew Congregations, Chairman Jacob W. Mack of Cincinnati made a plea for the 286 reformed congregations in the United States “to become a counterpart of the liberal movement in world Jewry.”

1936: “Modern Jewish Thought” published today provided a lengthy review of Rebirth: A Book of Modern Jewish Thought by Ludwig Lewisohn.

1937(28thof Shevat, 5697): Georges Calmann-Levy, “the famous French publisher” the grandson of the founder of the firm of Calmann-Levy, which published the works of Antaolo France, Pierro Loti and Ernest Renan passed away today. (As reported by JTA)

1937: Albert Ganzert’s “Borderline” a play set in Berlin that “describes the havoc wrought in a substantial, happy family when certain persons discover that the grandfather of the head of the family (an eminent physician) was a Jew” “was presented by Maurice Schwartz and the Yiddish Art Theatre Company at the Forty-ninth Street Theatre” tonight.

1937: Following violent demonstrations last night during which 22 Jewish students were injured, nationalist students at the university in Vilna proclaimed today as “A day without Jews” and barred Jewish students from entering the classroom

1938: The Jerusalem Post reported that a British sergeant was killed while pursuing an Arab gang near Tulkarm.

1938: The Jerusalem Post reported that Arab terrorists cut telephone wires, shot at and stopped an Arab bus near Hebron, killed one passenger and took away the uniform of an Arab constable, warning him to leave the force.

1938: The Jerusalem Post reported that in elections to the Jerusalem Communal Council (Va’ad Kehila) out of 9,404 votes cast, Labor won 1,417, Revisionists 877, General Zionists 416, Mizrahi 413, and the rest was divided among 13 small political parties.

1938: Today “The Rumanian National Bank committee forbade the sending of currency to Rumanian Jews studying abroad.”

1938: Today, “Colonial Secretary William Ormsby-Gore told the House of Commons that the British Government would consider the problem of the Jews in Rumania when it set the new immigration for Palestine.”

1939: Per a request by the executive council that had met at the Jewish Theological Seminary, prayers are scheduled to be offer this evening…in the 300 synagogues that belong to the Rabbinical Assembly that the deliberations at the Palestine parley in London will be conducted in the spirit of truth, mutual understanding and brotherhood.”

1919: Today in London, Arab leaders said, “The helpless condition of Jewish refugees from Germany is a problem for the world in general and must be kept separate from the question of Palestine”

1939:  In Johannesburg, “Betty (née Sonnenberg) and Saul Suzman, a wealthy tobacco importer” gave birth to South African actress Janet Suzman, the granddaughter of South African MP Max Sonnenberg and  the “niece of Helen Suzman, South African politician and anti-apartheid campaigner.”

1940: William E. Dodd, the American historian who served as Ambassador to Germany from 1933 to 1937 passed away.  Dodd was the first American ambassador who served under the Hitler régime. He tried to warn the State Department and the American people about the danger but his warnings fell on deaf ears. (For more see In the Garden of Beasts by Erik Larson, a history book that reads like a novel.)

1940(30th of Sh'vat, 5700): Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1940: U.S. premiere of “Broadway Melody of 1940,” a musical directed by Norman Taurog, filmed by cinematographer Joseph Ruttenberg with a story co-authored by Dore Schary.

 1941: Dutch Nazis sparked the first anti-Jewish riots in Amsterdam. Among other damage, the Nazi collaborators destroyed the pro-Jewish café Alcazar Amsterdam. Alcazar refused to hang "No Entry for Jews" signs in front of café.

1942: Birthdate of Carole King.  The famous singer and song writer was born Carol Klein in Brooklyn.

1943: In Gary Indiana, (née Fishman) and Nathaniel D. Stiglitz gave birth to Joseph E. Stiglitz, American economist, winner of the Nobel Prize for Economics.

1943, G R Barnes, the director of talks at the BBC “complained about an interview which strayed into forbidden territory by discussing anti- Semitism: 'Personally I don't want to touch the subject, except by implication in talks on other subjects,' he wrote.” His complaint was emblematic of an anti-Semitic mentality at the BBC that “led to a policy which suppressed news about Germany's attempt to exterminate European Jews.”

1944(15thof Shevat, 5704): Tu B’Shevat

1944: Tarnow, Poland ‘was declared ‘Judenrein’ – Jew free – today.

1944: The Lodz Ghetto received machinery and a factory was set up that helped to secure survival for a while longer for many Jews. Unknown to them, the machinery came from Poniataw, where the Jewish population had been obliterated in November, 1943.

1945: Churchill sends Ibn Saud, the Saudi Monarch, urging him to meet with FDR who is on his way back to the United States after the Yalta meetings.  Churchill mistakenly believes that FDR will provide leverage for the settlement of Jews in Palestine after the war.

1948: The Stern Gang blew up two Arab owned building in Jerusalem from which Arab snipers had been shooting at Jews.

1948: During the fight for Jerusalem, the Haganah attacked the Arab village of Sur Bahir from which snipers had been shooting at the residents of Talipot.

1948: The Supreme Court, including Justice Felix Frankfurter began hearing oral arguments in the landmark anti-trust cast – United States v. Paramount Pictures, Inc. (Paramount was the creation of a cadre of Jews including Zukor, Frohman, Lasky, Goldywyn, et al)

1950: “Young Man with a Horn” the movie version of the novel with the same name directed by Michael Curitz, produced by Jerry Wald, with a screenplay co-authored by Carl Foreman and starring Kirk Douglas and Lauren Bacall was released in the United States today.

1951: In New York City Michael Allen Pomeranz and the former Bonnie G. Bernstein gave birth to singer/songwriter David Pomeranz.

1951(3rd of Adar I, 5711): Pianist and society band leader, Eddy Duchin passed away. Born in 1910, in Cambridge, MA, this son of Jewish immigrant parents trained as a Pharmacist before pursing his musical dream. He was a musical genius who began leading his own orchestra in 1931 when he was only 22. He was 41 years old when he died of acute myelogenous leukemia. He was the father the even more famous Peter Duchin.  The Eddy Duchin Story, a film with Tryone Power playing the title role and Kim Novak playing  his High Society first wife, made no mention of Duchin being Jewish or the challenges that must have presented as he pursued his career among those who if not anti-Semitic certainly were not partial to having Jews around.
https://geezermusicclub.wordpress.com/2010/10/31/the-real-eddy-duchin-story/

1952: John Demjanjuk , a guard at Sobibor who Michael Hanusiak, editor of the Ukrainian News would list as a Ukrainian suspected of collaborating with the Nazis, his wife and child arrived in New York aboard the USS General W.W. Haan

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that by six votes of Mapai and Ha’oved Hatzioni against two of Mapam, and one member of Mapam abstaining, the Histadrut decided to ban Communists from the organization.

1953(24thof Shevat, 5713): Fifty-eight year old London born American cinematographer Richard Fryer passed away today.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that three marauders were killed and eight captured along the Jordanian border.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that the cabinet had decided on the establishment of the State Bank, agreed to hold the Conquest of the Desert Exhibition and allocated land for the Hebrew University Givat Ram development.

1954: Birthdate of Salah Tarif, a Druze Israeli politician who served in the Knesset for fourteen years.  His service in the cabinet of Ariel Sharon made him the first non-Jew to serve as a government minister in Israel.

1958: Birthdate of New Yorker Jonathan Joseph “Jon” Ledecky the founder of U.S. Office Products and uncle of gold medal winning swimmer Katie Ledecky who along with his Harvard roommate Scott D. Makin, the brother-in-law of Senator Richard Blumenthal, purchased the New York Islanders of the NHL.

1964: Thanks to the work of their manager Brian Epstein, the Beatles made their first appearance on the Ed Sullivan Show, three days before they were to appear at Carnegie Hall as a result of a deal work out between Epstein and impresario Sid Bernstein.

1964(26thof Shevat, 5724): Seventy-five year old Lviv native Marek Weber, the successful “German violinist and bandleader” who fled Nazi Germany where his work was labeled “degenerate” and came to the United States where he was featured as the “Waltz King” on NBC radio passed away today.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=62vpXVUS-Jw

http://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/gay-south-florida/article3538787.html

1966 (19th of Shevat, 5726): Seventy-nine year old Sophie Tucker, the last of the Red Hot Mommas, passed away.
http://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/gay-south-florida/article3538787.html

1968 (10th of Shevat, 5728): Sydney Silverman, Labour MP, foe of the death penalty and a supporter of Jewish causes passed away today.

1969: Today, over a year after the INS Dakar sank with all hands on board, a Palestinian fisherman found her stern emergency buoy marker washed up on the coast of Khan Yunis, a Palestinian town southwest of Gaza.

1971: “Little Murders,” an off-beat comedy directed by Alan Arkin, written by Jules Feiffer, starring Elliot Gould and featuring Lou Jacobi  was released in the United States today.

1972(24th of Shevat, 5732): Bella Fromm passed away.  Born in Bavaria in 1890, she became a successful journalist who sought refuge in the United States in 1938. In 1942, she published an account of her time spent covering the Nazis in a bestseller entitled “Blood and Banquets: A Berlin Social Diary.”

1972(24thof Shevat, 5732): Fifty-six year old Dr. Irving K. Perlmutter, the native of Newark who graduated from the University of Pennsylvania and Jefferson Medical College and was the “former director of obstetrics and gynecology at Beth Israel Medical Center” passed away today.

1973(7th of Adar I, 5733): Max B. Yasgur, an American farmer, best known as the owner of the dairy farm in Bethel, New York at which the Woodstock Music and Art Fair was held passed away.

1975: The Second National Conference in Solidarity with Chile co-sponsored by Herbert Aptheker, came to an end.

1975(28thof Shevat, 5735): Sixty-four year old art dealer and “art sleuth” Frank Richard Perls passed away today.
http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=9E07E0D81438E63BBC4852DFB466838E669EDE

1975: “A Brief Vacation” an Italian film produced by Arthur Cohn was released today in the United States.

1976(8thof Adar I, 5736): Fifty-six year old Israeli archaeologist Yohanan Aharoni  who took part in numerous digs including Tel Hazor and Lachish as well as the “discovery of the Bar Kokhba Caves” passed away today.

1978: A day after he passed away, Dr. Arnulf M. Pins, “the director for the Middle East Region of the Joint Distribution Committee and associate director of JDC-Israel was buried in Jerusalem today.

1978: The Jerusalem Post reported that Egyptian President Anwar Sadat succeeded in persuading US President Jimmy Carter to adopt a more active role in peace negotiations. In New York, Foreign Minister Moshe Dayan denied that Israel had violated pledge given to the US on the settlement issue and sharply attacked Sadat¹s negotiating stance. In Geneva, meeting Jewish leaders, Prime Minister Menachem Begin warned that the sale of US arms to Egypt and other Arab countries endangered peace.

1978(2ndof Adar I, 5738): Sixty-two year old Woodrow “Woody” Gelman whose varied career as a cartoonist and publisher included the creation of the “Triple Nickel” books and the designing of the Topp’s Baseball Card sets passed away today.
http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=9C03E0DC1430E632A25752C1A9649C946990D6CF

1982: “Twenty eight veteran refuseniks sent an open letter to participants of the Madrid Conference of the CSCE meeting listing Soviet violations of the Helsinki Final Act.”

1982(16thof Shevat, 5742): Forty seven year old Polish native Israel Giladi, the son of Haim Yehuda Giladi and Nechama Laska  and brother of Michael and Bilha Laska passed away today in Antwerp.

1985: Reagan appointee Alex Kozinski ended his service as Chief Judge of the United States Claims Court today.

1987: Kidnappers holding four Western hostages reiterated that they would kill their captives at midnight tonight unless 400 Arab prisoners were freed by Israel, then, as the deadline passed, announced that it had been extended ''until further notice.'' Between the kidnappers' statements, a car-bomb explosion killed 17 people and wounded 80 in a densely populated Shiite Moslem suburb of Beirut. A hand-written letter signed by three American hostages had said the kidnappers, Islamic Holy War for the Liberation of Palestine, ''will execute us at midnight because Israel is refusing to release 400 Palestinians from its cells.'' The statement, delivered to a Western news agency in Moslem-controlled West Beirut, was accompanied by a photograph of one hostage, Alann Steen. Three other teachers - Robert Polhill and Jesse Turner, both Americans, and Mithileshwar Singh, an Indian national - were also abducted by gunmen from Beirut University College last month. The Israelis indicated that they might consider the demand for the release of the 400 Palestinians, but they have not taken up an offer by the leader of the Lebanese Shiite militia Amal, Nabih Berri, to exchange an Israeli Air Force navigator being held by Amal for the 400 prisoners in Israel.

1987:  Israel's Defense Minister, Yitzhak Rabin, said tonight that Israel would consider any American appeal to swap 400 Arab prisoners for hostages held by kidnappers in Beirut. But he, Prime Minister Shamir and Foreign Minister Peres emphasized that the United States had not asked Israel to get involved. ''If and when the U.S. will turn to us, we'll consider what to do,'' Mr. Rabin said. Mr. Peres said Israel did not know which 400 prisoners the kidnappers wanted released.

1989: Sally Oppenheim-Barnes who served in the House of Commons with her for four years, “was created a life peer today as Baroness Oppenheim-Barnes of Gloucester in the County of Gloucester.

1990: Unrepentant, the Israeli peace campaigner Abie Nathan was released from prison today. He vowed to continue the activities for which he was jailed four months ago.

1991: A new Scud missile attack on Israel left 20 people slightly wounded in Tel Aviv, the military said. Iraq fired a single Scud missile armed with a conventional warhead at Israel early this morning, and the authorities said it was hit by a Patriot missile over Tel Aviv. But burning debris struck buildings in a residential area, badly damaging some of them and wounding between 15 and 20 people, the army said.

1992: The "Schwarzkopf March," which was composed by Abraham Sternklar in honor of General Norman Schwarzkopf, is scheduled to have its premiere at the North Shore Jewish Center in Port Jefferson Station. As a 12 year old living in Tel Aviv in 1943, Sternklar had composed a march  in honor of British General Bernard Montgomery entitled “Montgomery’s March.”

1993: Launch of the INS Eilat (501) a Sa’ar 5 – class corvette.

1994: Israeli minister Shimon Perez signed a peace accord with PLO's Arafat.

1994: Poet Kenneth Koch, professor of English and comparative literature at Columbia, was named winner of the Bollingen Prize in Poetry by Yale University.

1994: In Israel, two portfolio managers, Vladimir Saar and Arye Shafir, have been detained on suspicion of a multimillion-dollar stock market manipulation scheme on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange, the police said today. Press reports said they were suspected of violations involving more than $26 million. Reports of the arrests led to a slide in the exchange's blue-chip index, which closed 3.5 percent lower. Dealers reported particularly sharp drops in shares of eight companies whose prices the two men were said to have manipulated. Last year, the prices of some of those companies rose as much as 700 percent. Police officials said the arrests were the result of an investigation by the Government's Securities Authority, an oversight group. Stock exchange and Securities Authority officials declined to comment on the case while it was still under investigation.

1994 (28th of Shevat, 5754): Taxi driver, Ilan Sudri was kidnapped and killed while returning home from work. The Islamic Jihad Shekaki group sent a message to the news agencies claiming responsibility for the murder.

1994(28thof Shevat, 5754): Eighty-year old Romanian born “French-speaking Surrealist theorist and poet” passed away today.

1996(19th of Shevat, 5756): One hundred six year old Rabbi Albert J. Amateau, founder of the Brotherhood of Rhodes, and the Sephardic Brotherhood, an offshoot of the Salonican Brotherhood, passed away.
http://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/29/nyregion/rabbi-albert-j-amateau-106-sephardic-leader.html

1997: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Reichmanns Family, Faith, Fortune, and the Empire of Olympia & York by Anthony Bianco and French Children of the Holocaust: A Memorial by Serge Klarsfeld

1999: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including A Journey to the End of the Millenium by A.B. Yehoshua and Preempting the Holocaust by Lawrence L. Langer.

1999: Journalist Claudia Dreifus highlighted her expertise in a talk on the art of the political interview given at the National Archives in Washington, D.C.

1999(23rdof Shevat, 5759): Just ten days before his 78th birthday NCAA heavyweight wrestling champion and college and professional football standout Leonard Bernard “Butch” Levy passed away in his hometown – Minneapolis, MN.
https://web.archive.org/web/20160801234459/http://discover.lib.umn.edu/cgi/f/findaid/findaid-idx?c=umfa;cc=umfa;rgn=main;view=text;didno=umja0022

2000(3rd of Adar I, 5760): Stephen Robert Furness  a member of the Pittsburgh Steelers' famed Steel Curtain defense who earned four Super Bowl rings passed away.

2001: Arthur Levitt, Jr. the twenty-fifth and longest-serving Chairman of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission stepped down from his position today.

2001(16th of Shevat, 5761):  Nobel Prize winning economist Herbert Simon passed away.

2002: In today's broadcast of Verbatim, Rabbi Raymond Apple described his early life in Melbourne (including his early experience of a Catholic kindergarten) from short pants to long 'Bar Mitzvah' trousers and the steady development of his religious vocation

2003: The Times of London featured a review of Charlotte and Lionel by Stanley Weintraub

2003: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Lost In America: A Journey With My Father by Sherwin B. Nuland and Genuine Authentic: The Real Life of Ralph Lauren by Michael Gross.

2006(11thof Shevat, 5766): The Indian film star known as Nadira passed away today in Mumbai after a long illness.  There is some confusion as to her age – she was either 73 or 75.  That is not the only confusion.  According to one source her name was a native of Palestine named Florence Ezekiel who moved to India in the late 1940’s to begin a career in films.  Another source said her name was Farhat Ezekiel Nadira and she was the daughter of Baghdadi Jews.
http://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/10/arts/10nadira.html?scp=1&sq=Nadira&st=nyt

2005(30thof Shevat, 5765): Sixty-seven year old former Mossad agent Sylvia Rafael passed away today.
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/Rafael.html
http://www.spymuseum.org/calendar/detail/sylvia-rafael-the-life-and-death-of-a-mossad-spy/2014-10-12/

2006: The United States confirmed the appointment of Eric S. Edelman as Under Secretary of Defense for Policy.

2006: In Germany, after several delays, Holocaust denier Ernst Zundel’s trial in which he was facing charge of “14 counts of inciting racial hatred” was resumed.

2007:Haaretz reported on a study conducted by the Steinhardt Social Research Institute at Brandeis University that found between 6 million and 6.4 million Jews live in the United States, about 1 million more than was previously thought.

2007: Ernst Leitz II, “the German owner of the company that manufactures Leica cameras was honored” posthumously “by the ADL for saving an 200 to 300 employees and their families from the Nazis.”
http://archive.adl.org/presrele/holna_52/4975_52.html#.VrlRyv8UV9C

2008: The 12thSephardic NY Film Festival continues with “A Tribute to Israel at 60” featuring the North America premiere of “Exodus, Ada’s Dream” which is “based on the true story of Ada Sereni who became a leader of Aliyah Bet helping the underground Jewish Brigade bring survivors to Palestine in 1945” followed by the New York Premier of “Family Heroes” or “Le Heros de Famille.”

2008: It was reported today that Conservative Rabbis plan to vote on a resolution (see below) criticizing the Pope’s revision of prayer recited on Good Friday.

 “The revision of a contentious Good Friday prayer approved this week by Pope Benedict XVI could set back Jewish-Catholic relations, Conservative Judaism’s international assembly of rabbis says in a resolution to be voted on next week.

 The prayer calls for God to enlighten the hearts of Jews “so that they may acknowledge Jesus Christ, the savior of all men.”

 The draft resolution states the prayer would “cast a harsh shadow over the spirit of mutual respect and collaboration that has marked these past four decades, making it more difficult for Jews to engage constructively in dialogue with Catholics.”

 On Tuesday, the pope released new wording for the prayer, part of the traditional Latin, or Tridentine, Mass.

Before the Second Vatican Council, also known as Vatican II, the Good Friday Mass in Latin prayed for the conversion of Jews, referring to their “blindness” and calling upon God to “lift a veil from their hearts.”

 An unofficial translation of the new prayer reads: “Let us pray for the Jews. May the Lord Our God enlighten their hearts so that they may acknowledge Jesus Christ, the savior of all men.”

 Lay Jewish groups this week called the change insufficient.

Rabbi Joel H. Meyers, executive vice president of the Rabbinical Assembly, the Conservative rabbis’ group, said leaders from the Reform and Reconstructionist movements had also been in touch with him about issuing a joint statement on the papal revision.

 “We have been very much involved in interfaith activities and dialogue for years, and relationships with the Catholic Church are really quite good,” the rabbi said. “I think it really turns back the clock a bit and reverts to some sense that the church is pulling back from the positions it took in Vatican II.”

 Most Catholics worship in the vernacular, and their prayers will not be affected. But last year, the pope made it easier for traditionalists to celebrate the Latin Mass that was the norm before Vatican II.

 At a meeting in Washington from Sunday to Thursday, the Rabbinical Assembly will vote on a draft resolution, which, while subject to revision, says the group is “dismayed and deeply disturbed to learn that Pope Benedict XVI has revised the 1962 text of the Latin Mass, retaining the rubric, ‘For the Conversion of The Jews.’ ”

 The Rev. James Massa, executive director of the secretariat of ecumenical and interreligious affairs of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, said Friday that the prayer would be heard by “a tiny minority of Catholics and they will hear it in Latin.”

 “The publication of the prayer and its interpretation by some of our partners in the Jewish community does lower the temperature a bit,” Father Massa said, “but we have persevered other controversies in the past and at the end of the day we are all at the table of dialogue.”

2008: It was reported today that the selection of Israel as guest of honor at this spring’s International Book Fair in Turin has set off a furious debate among Italian, Israeli and Arab authors and intellectuals, including calls to boycott the event, Italy’s largest annual gathering of the publishing world provides portrait of the double standard to which Israel and Israelis are subjected.

2009(15thof Shevat, 5769): Tu B’Shevat

2009: At NYU, the Taub Center for Israel Studies cosponsored a briefing and Q&A session with Ambassador Asaf Shariv, Consul General of Israel.

2010: The 14thNew York Sephardic Jewish Film Festival is scheduled to present a screening of “Pillar of Salt,” a film “based on the autobiographical novel by sociologist Albert Memmi” which “captures the cultural richness and social complexity of a Jewish boy's life in Tunisia.”

2010: The 92ndStreet Y in New York is scheduled to present “Those Who Trespass Against Us: A Dialogue on Murderous Neighbors” a program featuring Philip Gourevitch author of We Wish To Inform You That Tomorrow We Will Be Killed With Our Families, and Jan Gross the author of Neighbors, an extraordinary account of the day in 1941 when the Jews of Jedwabne, Poland, were brutally killed by their fellow townspeople, discuss this question and its dreadful consequences.

2010: In Washington, D.C., Maina Chawla Singh is scheduled to present "Being Indian, Being Israeli: Migration, Ethnicity and Gender in the Jewish Homeland."

2010: Joel Chasnoff’s memoir The 188th Crybaby Brigade: A skinny Jewish Kid From Chicago Fights Hezbollah is scheduled for release today by its publisher Free Press.

2010: Well-known Holocaust survivor Eli Wiesel relayed his efforts to speak out against both the Iranian regime and the Goldstone Commission's report today. The prolific author has put together a petition denouncing Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, signed by some 50 other Nobel Prize winners, which will run as a full page advertisement in newspapers such as the New York Times.

2010(25thof Shevat,5770): Ninety-three year old Dr. Albert M. Kligman, a dermatologist who invented the widely used acne medication Retin-A but whose experiments involving prisoners raised ethical questions that dogged his career, died today in Philadelphia (As reported by Denise Gellene)
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/23/us/23kligman.html?pagewanted=all

2010: A memorial service for 86 year Samuel Hirsch, “a life-long labor and civil rights activist who served in the U.S. Army will be held today NYU’s Tamiment Library.

2011: “The Socalled Move,” a film that “charts the personal quest of an obsessive personality as he excavates, then deconstructs his Jewish musical heritage to create an illuminating union of cultures” is scheduled to be screened at the Atlanta Jewish Film Festival.

2011: The Eleventh Annual Herzliya Conference is scheduled to come to an end.

2011: Tony Kushner. The Professor of Jewish/non-Jewish relations in the Parkes Institute and History Department, University of Southampton whose research interests includes British Jewish history, immigration issues and responses to the Jews, is scheduled to be one of those delivering a lecture entitled Refugees in the Media: Then and Now at the Wiener Library in London.

2011: NewCAJE is scheduled to present a webinar by Rabbi Anne Brener entitled "Reflections on Life, Death and Debbie Friedman."
http://newcajelehrhausonline.org/page.aspx?id=237452

2011: Kadima launched a new campaign today highlighting the faults of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's government and calling for early elections.

 2011(5thof Adar I, 5771): Eva Lassman, a Holocaust survivor who became prominent in the Spokane, Wash., area for her frequent appearances at schools and events where she spoke against hatred and bigotry, passed away today at the age of 91. Lassman and her family arrived in Spokane in 1949, but she began speaking publicly only after attending the inaugural gathering of Holocaust survivors in Washington, D.C., in 1983. In the following years she appeared repeatedly at Spokane-area community events, met frequently with schoolchildren, helped organize a major exhibit about Anne Frank at Gonzaga University, and appeared at a human rights rally to counter a hate march by white supremacists in nearby Coeur d’Alene, Idaho. Her awards included a presidential commendation from Whitworth University, an honorary law doctorate from Gonzaga and the Carl Maxey Racial Justice Award from the area’s YWCA. In 2009 she became the first recipient of an award named for her, the Eva Lassman Award, from Gonzaga’s Institute for Hate Studies, to recognize individual achievement in combating hatred. George Critchlow, an associate law professor at Gonzaga and a founder of that institute, said Lassman “was so committed to educating about the Holocaust.”Lassman was born in Lodz, Poland, and fled to Warsaw following the Nazi invasion. After the Warsaw Ghetto uprising, she was sent to Majdanek death camp, where she did forced labor. “They took everything from us. I could not take my ring off of my swollen finger. They cut it off with pliers," she told students in 2001. "The air smelled of burning flesh. It was a scene that no human being should ever have to witness.”  She met her husband, Walter “Wolf” Lassman, at a refugee camp after the war. They had two children in Europe and went to Spokane in 1949 under the sponsorship of the Spokane Jewish community. Her husband, a tailor, ran a clothing shop there until he died in 1976. The Spokane newspaper editorialized about Lassman after her death: “She labored to make sure this and future generations never underestimate the consequences of hate. She made hundreds of presentations, mostly to children, and her powerful message made the Holocaust chillingly real for thousands." The editorial added that "the Inland Northwest, tainted as it has been by Hitler worshipers, is a better, more ethical region as a result of her efforts.” (As reported by the Eulogizer)

2011: “Poles 'plundered mass graves and turned Jews over to the Nazis'”, published in today’s Daily Mail described material  in Golden Harvest by Jan Gross and Irena Grudzinska in which the authors “claim some Poles actively profited from the persecution of the Jews – and would turn them in to the occupying forces for a reward.”
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1355086/Golden-Harvest-Poles-plundered-graves-turned-Jews-Nazis.html

2012: Marc Caplan is scheduled to deliver the Podbrodz Memorial Lecture sponsored by the YIVO Institute for Jewish Research entitled Belarus in Berlin/Berlin in Belarus: Moyshe Kulbak’s Raysn and Meshiekh ben-Efrayim

2012: At the JCC of Northern Virginia,The ReelAbilities Film Festival part of a week-long festival dedicated to promoting awareness and appreciation of the lives, stories, and artistic expressions of people with various disabilities is scheduled to come to a close.

2012: Significant steps forward were taken today in talks between the Finance Ministry and the Histadrut Labor Federation to end Israel’s general strike

2012: The State Comptroller’s report on the December 2010 Carmel fire will place “special” responsibility with Finance Minister Yuval Steinitz and Interior Minister Eli Yishai for failures that led to the disaster, and “general” responsibility with Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Public Security Minister Yitzhak Aharonovich, observers said today.

2012: It was announced today that Josh Lewin would be joining the New York Mets Radio Network sharing the play-by-play with Howe Rose thus giving the New York an all Jewish duo in the booth.

2013: The Ensemble Millennium is scheduled to perform “The Russians” a concert featuring the works of Shostakovich and Tchaikovsky at the Eden-Tamir Music Center in Jerusalem.

2013: In Frederick, MD, Beth Sholom Congregation is scheduled to host its Second Annual Casino Night.

2013: As a near record blizzard batters the Northeastern United States, “at least two synagogues in Providence, RI, called off Shabbat services. “Due to the impending blizzard all worship services have been canceled Friday, Saturday and Sunday,” said a recorded message at Providence’s Temple Beth-El yesterday afternoon. Newport, RI’s Touro Synagogue, the oldest synagogue in the country, will reportedly not hold services this Shabbat for the first time in years. Nearly 99% of Aquidneck Island, where Newport is located, lost power, according to the Providence Journal. (As reported by JTA and AP)

2014: “The Mexican Suitcase,” an exhibition of the photographs of CHIM (David Seymour) is scheduled to come to a close at Museo San Ildefonson in Mexico City.

2014: The Jewish Museum is scheduled to host David Weinstone and The Music for Aardvarks Band

2014: Rabbi Cahim Seidler is scheduled to present “Exile: The Secret of Jewish Survival” at Temple Emanu-El’s Skirball Center for Adult Jewish Learning.

2014: “The Dybbuk” made in Poland in 1937 with a “screenplay by Yiddish novelist Alter Kacyzne, and cantorials by Gershon Sirota is scheduled to be shown at the Westside Neighborhood School in L.A.

2014: This morning the Israeli Air Force targeted a terrorist in the Gaza Strip who was involved in multiple attacks against Israel, critically wounding him. The targeted terrorist was identified as Abdallah Kharti, a Popular Resistance Committee operative affiliated with global jihad. (As reported by Yoav Limor, Shlomi Diaz, Daniel Siryoti and Israel Hayom Staff)

2014: “The Decent One” an Israeli documentary about Heinrich Himmler premiered today at the Berlin International Film Festival.

2014: The Federation of Hungarian Jewish Communities said today it will boycott all government events commemorating the 70th anniversary of the Holocaust in Hungary unless the government cancels some of the planned memorials.

2014: The New York Times features reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Sex After: Women Share How Intimacy Changes as Life Changes by Iris Krasnow, Last Train to Parisby Michele Zackheim and Alena by Rachel Pastan as well as an interview with Rachel Kushner

2015: Ronnie Perelis is delivered a lecture “The New World Adventures of Luis de Carvajal- Mexican Crypto- Jew and and Mystical Searcher” at the Jewish Museum of Florida.

2015: “GETT: The Trial of Viviane Amsalem” is scheduled to be shown at the JCC Manhattan.

2015: Banking giant HSBC faced damaging claims today that its Swiss division helped wealthy customers, including “6,200 Israelis with holdings totaling some $10 billion, dodge millions of dollars in taxes after a “SwissLeaks” cache of secret files emerged online.

2015(20thof Shevat, 5775): Ninety-eight year old Milton “Ed” Sabol who changed the face of football when he found NFL Films passed away today.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/2015/02/09/6b8c8c16-b0ab-11e4-854b-a38d13486ba1_story.html

2015(20thof Shevat, 5775): Eighty-two year David Levy “composer of Mourning Becomes Electra” passed away today.
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/15/arts/music/marvin-david-levy-opera-composer-who-became-a-felon-is-dead-at-82.html?rref=obituaries&module=Ribbon&version=origin&region=Header&action=click&contentCollection=Obituaries&pgtype=article&_r=0

2015: Jon Stewart announced that he was leaving “The Daily Show.”

2015: According to today’s Army Radio poll “nearly one in two Israelis believe Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu should cancel his March 3 address to the United States Congress amid heightened tensions between the White House and Jerusalem.”

2015: “French police arrested a man today as he tried to burn an Israeli flag, outside the kosher supermarket in Parish where four Jewish men were killed and dozens held hostage, by a jihadist last month.”

2016: The Carnegie Deli re-opened today.

2016: Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan met with a delegation of the Conference of Presidents of Major American Jewish Organizations, led by Stephen M. Greenberg  and Malcolm Hoenlein  in Ankara, today.

2016: As part of the “The Real Housewives of the Bible” Rabbi Sharon Kleinbaum is scheduled to deliver a lecture on “Hagar.”

2016: In London, the Pears Institute for the Study of Anti-Semitism is scheduled a lecture by Professor Dan Stone on “Race Theory, Anthropology and the Jewish Connection.”

2016: As the U.S. Presidential primary season begins, the approximately 10,000 Jews join their fellow one million plus fellow Granite Staters in the first primary election of 2016.

2016(30thof Shevat, 5776): Calendar Coincidence – Mardi Gras and Rosh Chodesh Adar I

2017(13thof Shevat, 5777): Ninety-one year old author and journalist Barbara Gelb who collaborated with her husband New York Times managing editor Arthur Gelb on “the first full-scale biography of Eugene O’Neil” passed away today in New York.
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/09/books/barbara-gelb-dead-biographer-of-eugene-oneill.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0
https://www.usnews.com/news/entertainment/articles/2017-02-09/barbara-gelb-eugene-oneill-biographer-dead-at-91
https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/301248/by-women-possessed-by-arthur-gelb-and-barbara-gelb/9780399159114/

2017: Today, “an Islamic State—affiliated terror group…claimed” responsibility for yesterday’s “attack tht saw four rockets fired at…Eilat…from the Sinai Peninsula.

2017:  Dr. Steve Feller is scheduled to lead a Thursday Forum on “The Conflicted Jewish World of Chaim Potok” featuring a discussion of My Name is Asher Lev and The Gift of Asher Lev.

2017: The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to host an after-dinner talk by Teaching Fellow Maureen Kendler on “Satan: Friend or foe?”

2017: The American Jewish Historical Society is scheduled to host a Valentine’s Day Program – “Bubby: Kosher Love Advice in Unkosher Times” - a fashion photo series that features real bubbies imparting love and life advice.

2018: “First We Tale Brooklyn” a crime whose protagonist is an Israeli ex-con who moves to Brooklyn directed and produced by Sabra Danny A. Abeckaser who also co-authored the screenplay is scheduled to be released in selected theatres throughout the United States.

2018: In partnership with the Jewish Federation of Greater Des Moines, The Des Moines Young Artists' Theatre production of 'I Never Saw Another Butterfly' is scheduled to open at the Stoner Theatre.

2018: “The House of Z” is scheduled to be shown at the San Diego Jewish Film Festival.

2018: The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to host a meeting of the Book Club where extracts from G-d, Science and the Search for Meaning by Rabbi Lord Sacks will be read while attendees will explore the question “Can and should religion and science both have a place in the modern world, and if so…how and why?”

2018: Annual observance of National Bagel Day

For more on the subject see The Bagel by Maria Balinska

 

 

 

This Day, February 10, In Jewish History by Mitchell A. Levin

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February 10

1163: Baldwin III, the first so-called King of Jerusalem to have been in “the Holy Land” passed away.  None of these Crusader monarchs were rightful heirs to the crown worn by David, Solomon and their successors. His successors would so bungle things that 25 years later Saladin would take the city which was a boon for the Jewish people.

1258: Mongols overran Baghdad, burning it to the ground and killing 10,000 citizens. This marked the beginning of the Il-khan (Mongol) Dynasty in Persia.  The Dynasty lasted until 1335. With the conquest of Baghdad by the grandson of Genghis Khan, the Mongol dynasty replaced the Abbasids. The Mongols were for the most part tolerant of Judaism. An Arab writer reported that on the eve of the Mongolian invasion there were 36,000 Jews living in the city and that they supported 16 Synagogues. Most of the city was destroyed during the siege. It is during this period that Judeo-Persian literature flourished specifically the poetry of Shahin whose most famous work was Sefer Sharh Shain al Hatorah.

1574: Sigismund II Augustus, the Polish King who allowed “Jews to settle in Vilna without restriction” and who issued “the ‘Magna Cara of Jewish Self-Government’’ “which permitted Jews to elect their own chief rabbi and judges” was buried today in the Pawel Cathedral at Cracow. (The History of the Jewish People)

1660(28thof Shevat, 5420): Saul Levi Morteira passed away.  Born in 1596, he was a Dutch rabbi of Portuguese descent. In a Spanish poem Daniel Levi de Barrios speaks of him as being a native of Germany ("de Alemania natural"). When in 1616 Morteira escorted the body of the physician Elijah Montalto from France to Amsterdam, the Sephardic congregation Bet Ya'aḳob elected him ḥakam in succession to Moses ben Aroyo. Morteira was the founder of the congregational school Keter Torah. He taught Talmud and Jewish philosophy to the older students. He had also to preach three times a month.. Among his most distinguished pupils were Baruch Spinoza and Moses Zacuto. Morteira and Isaac da Fonseca Aboab (Manasseh ben Israel was at that time in England) were the members of the bet din which pronounced the decree of excommunication ("ḥerem") against Spinoza. Some of Morteira's pupils published Gibeat Shaul a collection of fifty sermons on the Pentateuch, selected from 500 derashot written by Morteira.

1755: Sixty-six year old French author and political philosopher Charles Louis De Secondat Montesquieu, simply known as Montesquieu passed away.  A product of the Age of Reason, the optimistic Montesquieu’s most famous work is De l'esprit des lois which is known in English as The Spirit of the Laws, published in 1748.  Montesquieu did not just believe in religious toleration.  He believed that the state had a responsibility to see to it that religious groups leave each other in peace.  In the Spirit of Laws he writes, “’I cannot help remarking by the way how this nation (the Jews) has been sported with from one age to another: at one time their effects were confiscated when they were will to become Christians; and at another, if they refused to become Christians they were ordered to be burn.’” He described the Jews as a “’a mother that brought forth two daughters who have stabbed herewith a thousand wounds.’”  As befitted his optimistic views, Montesquieu believed “’the Jews are at present safe; superstition will return no more, and they will no longer be exterminated on conscientious principles.’” Unfortunately, History would prove him wrong.

1763: The Treaty of Paris, often called the Peace of Paris, or the Treaty of 1763, was signed on by the kingdoms of Great Britain, France and Spain, with Portugal in agreement marking the end of the Seven Years War which those living in North America called the French and Indian War.  As part of the agreement, France ceded Quebec to the British.  This opened the way to Jewish settlement in Canada since French law had prohibited Jews from settling the colony.  Under “the law of unintended consequences,” the war left Britain with a debt that it looked to the North American colonies to help pay off.  The taxation levied on the 13 colonies was a cause of the American Revolution which helped to create the nation that has become home to one of the leading Jewish communities in our history.

1767: In Berlin Esther Bamberger and Liepmann Meyer Wulff gave birth to Amalie Beer the mother of Giacomo Mayerbeer.

 1779: Jews were granted right of residence in Stuttgart, Germany(As bad as all the bad things that happened to the Jewish people were, one often considers some of the good things also bad - Anon). The Jewish experience in the Germanic states was a mixed bag.  Emancipation and anti-Semitism co-existed in an uneasy alliance that produced great culture but ended in the ashes of the Shoah.

1791: Birthdate of Reverend Henry Hart Milman who published History of The Jewsin 1829, which was the first work by an English clergyman that “treats Jews as an Oriental tribe.”  Milman based his work on “documentary evidence” and minimized the mythological approach that was used in earlier such works. In a world where the Bible and Science were clashing, his view was upsetting to many Christians and delayed the advancement of his career.

1795: Birthdate of Dutch born French painter Ary Scheffer.  Scheffer was not Jewish but one of his famous paintings “Ruth and Naomi” is based on the Book of Ruth.

1797(14thof Shevat, 5557): Mordecai Gumpel Levison, born Mordecai Gumpel ben Judah Leib, the native of Berlin who pursued a medical degree after arriving in London in 1771, the same year he published the first of several religious works – Ma’amar ha-Torah V’Hokmach (Dissertation on Torah and Wisdom)

1799: Duke Karl Eugene decreed that no Jew should be deprived of the right of residence in Stuttgart, Germany

1800(15th of Shevat, 5560): Tu B’Shevat

1800(15thof Shevat, 5560): Benjamin Cohen - the maternal grandfather of Jonas Daniel Meijer, the first Jewish lawyer in the Netherlands – passed away. Born in 1725, Cohen was a successful businessman, Jewish teacher and supporter of William V, Prince of Orange-Nassau, the last Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic.

1802: In London Isaac D’Israeli married Maria Basevi, the daughter of Anglo-Jewish merchant whose family originally came from Italy.  This union produced five children the most of which was Benjamin, the future Prime Minister and Earl Beaconsfield.

1804: Birthdate of Joseph Zender, the German Jewish bibliographer who became librarian of the Hebrew department of the British Museum in 1845.

1817: Seventy-three year old Karl Theodor Anton Maria von Dalberg, the “prince bishop” sovereign of Frankfurt during whose reign Karl Ludwig Börne was appointed a police actuary in 1811 and then forced to resign three years later because he was Jewish, passed away today.

1824: Simon Bolivar named dictator by the Congress of Peru. At the turn of the nineteenth century, the Jews of Curacao became involved with Simon Bolivar and his fight for the independence of Venezuela and Colombia from their Spanish colonizers. Two Jewish men from Curacao distinguished themselves in Simon Bolivar’s army, while another supplied moral and material support to Bolivar, as well as refuge for him and his family.

1829: Leo XII, the Pope who in 1826 order that the gates of the Ghetto at Ancona be replaced and that the “old time persecutions” be resumed, passed away today.

1831: Birthdate of Dr. Isaac Rülf, a German rabbi who supplemented his income as a newspaper editor and became an early supporter of the Zionist cause.

1836: Dr. Albert Moses Levy completed his service chief surgeon in the Texas Volunteer Army that had fought against Mexico.

1836: Samuel and Rosetta Moses were married today at the Great Synagogue.

1840: Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom married Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. Three years before the wedding Victoria had “knighted Moses Haim Montefiore” and a year after her marriage she made Isaac Lyon Goldsmid a baronet, making him the first Jew to receive a hereditary title. According to one source, “Prince Albert may have had a Jewish father.”  According to this report, “Albert's mother was dismissed from the court of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha for having an affair with the Jewish chamberlain, the Baron von Mayern.”

1841: Samuel and Ann Solomon were married today at the Maiden Lane Synagogue.

1852: "The Revolution in Northern Mexico" published today reported that the Mexican revolutionaries are opposed by foreign merchants in Brownsville, Texas and Matamoros, Mexico.  They are led by an English Jew named Charles Uhde a man with major business interests "south of the border" and who is the editor of the Brownsville Flag.

1853: Birthdate of Victor Mordechai Goldschmidt, German mineralogist. Goldschmidt made important studies of crystallography. His books The Index of Crystal Forms and The Atlas of Crystal Forms are considered classics of mineralogy.

1858: Lord John Russell's bill that would modify the oath of office so that Jews could serve in Parliament was "debated and read for a second time" in the House of Commons.

1860: In Sulzberg, Leopold Dukas and Mathilda Kahn gave birth to Julius Dukas, the husband of Sarah Hyman, whose involvement in American Jewish communal affairs included serving as Vice President of Congregation Zichron Ephraim, first vice president of the Hebrew Free Loan Association and treasurer of Orach Chaim.

1862: “The Lily of Killarney” an operetta in three acts by Julius Benedict premiere at Covent Garden Theatre in London.

1868(17th of Shevat): Haim Palachi, the author of works in Hebrew and Ladino and the Chief Rabbi of Smyrna who married Esther Palacci with whom he had three sons all of whom were Rabbis – Abraham Palacci, Isaac Palacci and Joseph Palacci. passed away today.

1869: Twenty-seven year old Myer S. Isaacs, who would go on to become a distinguished jurist and President of the Baron de Hirsch Fund, married Marie Solomon, the daughter of B.L. Solomon. 

1869: Twelve years after founding The Jewish Messenger with his father and seven years after being admitted to the Bar, 27 year old Myer S. Isaacs married Marie Solomon, the daughter of New Yorker B.L. Solomon. She would pass away in 1888 leaving him with six children including I.S. Isaacs and Louis Isaacs.  He would on to become a judge and President of the Baron de Hirsch Fund.

1874: Baron Mayer Amschelm de Rothschild, late Member of Parliament for Hythe was laid to rest this morning at the Jewish Cemetery at Willesden.  According to an article in the Pall Mall Gazette,“the funeral cortege consisted of a hearse drawn by four horses followed by thirty mourning coaches and a large number of private carriages.”

1874: Anslem Rudolph de Jongh married Sophia Woolf at 24 Gloucester Terrace in Hyde Park.

1876(15thof Shevat, 5636): Tu B’Shevat

1876: In Kings County, the trial of P.N. Rubenstein who is charged with the murder of Sara Alexander, was scheduled to resume this morning at 10 o’clock.

1877: It was reported from Belgrade that the Serbians have refused to discuss granting equal rights to the Jews and Armenians living in their realm.  The opposition is led by merchants in Belgrade who do not want any new business competitors.

1879: Dr. William M. Taylor will deliver a lecture on “Walter Scott” to the Young Men’s Hebrew Association who are holding a social at the Chickering Hall. 

1879: Joseph G. Wilson, the United States consul at Jerusalem approved the plan of the American Jews in Southern Syria to organize their own kolel saying that “a responsible agency for the distribution of their charities may be the means of great and lasting good," and promised cooperation to the best of his power.

1880(28th of Shevat, 5640): Adolphe Crémieux, a French statesman and leader of the Jewish community, passed away. A lawyer and political leader he championed the rights of the less fortunate in general and the Jews in particular. Born before the first French Revolution, he came to power following the Revolution of 1830. He fought to end the death penalty for political offenses and the abolition of slavery in France’s colonies. Crémieux worked tirelessly to improve the conditions of the Jewish community.  “In 1827, he advocated the repeal of the More judaico, legislation stigmatizing the Jews left over from pre-revolutionary France. He founded the Alliance Israelite Universelle in Paris in 1860, becoming its president four years later. In 1866 Crémieux traveled to Saint Petersburg to successfully defend Jews of Saratov who had been accused in a case of blood libel.”
http://www.ohio.edu/chastain/ac/cremieux.htm

1881: “La Civilta Cattolica, an official Jesuit publication founded by Pope Pius IX and published under the direct control of the papacy, publishes an article in a 36-part series of anti-Semitic pieces. Father Giuseppe Oreglia di Santo Stefano, one of the journal's founders, argues that pogroms against the Jews are a natural consequence of Jews demanding too much liberty”

1888: In the Ukraine, Adel and Akiva Brodetsky, the beadle of the local Synagogue, gave birth to Selig Brodetsky, a “British Professor of Mathematics, a member of the World Zionist Executive, who served as the president of the Board of Deputies of British Jews and was the second president of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.” He passed away in 1954.

1890: Birthdate of Boris Pasternak, the Russian Nobel Prize-winning novelist and poet, author of Dr. Zhivago

1890: The Grand Lodge, No. 1 of the Independent Order of Free Sons of Israel met for a second day at Webster Hall. Among the attendees were David Keller, S.B. Hamburger, Aaron Stern, Harry Jacobs, Gabriel Marks and Benjamin Baker.

1890: It was reported today that Edward Lauterbach delivered a speech eulogizing the late Seligman Solomon, the Jewish philanthropist who was the driving the force behind the Hebrew Orphan Asylum. The memorial service is an annual event held at the asylums building on Tenth Avenue.

1891: Birthdate of Lessing Julius Rosenwald, an American businessman who was the son of Julius Rosenwald of Sears and Roebuck fame.

1891: It was reported today that very few of the Jewish immigrants from Russia who have received assistance from a fund established by Baron Hirsh settle in the southern United States.  Many of them settle in the West, while smaller numbers settle in the Middle Atlantic States or New England.

1891: According to the first paragraph of trust agreement signed by Baron Hirsch which was made public today, his reason for establishing a charitable fund is that he has “observed with painful interest the suffering and destitution of the Hebrews dwelling in Russia and Rumania where they are oppressed by severe laws and unfriendly neighbors, and have determined to contribute to the relief of such of my brethren in race who have emigrated or shall emigrate from these inhospitable countries to the Republic of the United States of America.”

1892: “A New Loan Commissioner” published today described the appointment of Edward Jacbos to the position of Loan Commissioner in New York by Governor Roswell P. Flower.  A native of Buffalo, the 38 year old Jacobs is a lawyer who has never held office but is a member of the Tammany Society (Ed. Note – Yes the Jewish lawyer belonged to the Irish Catholic political organization) Jacobs is an active member of several Jewish charities and social organizations including the Hebrew Sanitarium, the Sons of Israel and B’nai B’rith.

1892(12thof Shevat, 5652): Henry Adler passed away today.

1894: Meyer Markowitz remained in custody on charges that he had broken the lock off of an icebox and tried to steal the contents to feed his family.  Markowitz is a tailor who has been out of work for several months due to the Depression.  He had exhausted all other sources of assistances, including asking for aid from the United Hebrew Charities. The arresting officer was sympathetic to his plight but the law against theft had to be reinforced.

1895: Birthdate of Samuel Holtzman, the Brooklyn born lightweight boxer who fought under the name of Frankie Callahan.

1895: “Charity and Pleasure” published today traces the history of the Purim Association which was formed in 1862 by ten young Jewish men – Moses H. Moses, Herman H. Stettheimer, A. Henry Shutz, Solomon B. Solomon, Joseph A. Levy, Louis G. Schiffer, Solomon Weill, Adolph Sanger, Lionel Davies and Myer S. Isaacs.  The men decided to combine the celebration of the holiday with fundraising by hosting an annual ball that would provide funds for a growing listing of agencies that now includes Mt. Sinai Hospital, the Montefiore Home, the Hebrew Orphan Asylum, United Hebrew Charities, the Russian Emergency Fund and many, many more.

1895: “For Sick Poor Children” which was published today provides a history of the Sanitarium for Hebrew Children. The organization grew out of a meeting in the Spring of 1877 at which Dr. S.N. Leo and John J. Davis decided that the children of Jewish parents would benefit from a series of outdoor excursions each summer.  The first excursion took place in August of 1877 and provided a riverboat excursion for between 700 and 800 children and their mothers. These events have become part of the summer time activities for underprivileged New York youngsters thanks to the fundraising activities of Jewish leaders including Abraham Ettinger, Leonard Lewinson, Mrs. A.M. Kohn and Mrs. Julius Hart.

1896: Herzl reads Auto-Emancipation by Leon Pinsker.  Leon Pinsker was a Russian born physician who became a Zionist years before Herzl had his “vision of a Jewish state. ’Auto-Emancipation was a pamphlet Pinsker published in 1882 “in which he urged the Jewish people to strive for independence and national consciousness.”

1897:  Freedom of religion granted in Madagascar.  This “liberal sounding statement” was actually the product of French imperialism. France conquered the island in 1895 and the Chamber of Deputies voted to annex it in 1896.  The extension of Freedom of Religion, including securing the rights of French Jews who might settle there, was part of the law of unintended consequences.  Madagascar would enter into Jewish history as the site where the Nazis offered, before World War II to deposit the Jews.  This was the so-called Madagascar Plan.

1898: In Argentina, Samuel and Raissa Kessel gave birth to French journalist and author, Joseph Kessel, the uncle of Maurice Duron, the author of the bestselling novel Les Grandes Familles

1898: Birthdate of German aircraft designer and journalist whose 1929 article in The World Stage exposing the creation of “a secret German Air Force in violation of the Treaty of Versailles” was ignored in the West but earned him an 18 month prison term in a German prison for treason and espionage.  (Editor’s note: This warning came four years before Hitler came to power putting the lie to the contention that German re-armament was strictly a Nazi affair)

1901:  Birthdate of actress and teacher of thespians, Stella Adler.  Adler was part of a major theatrical family.  She began her career on the Yiddish stage before making the transition to Broadway.  Her fame as an actress was exceeded only by her fame as an inspiration for aspiring actors and actresses at the Stella Adler Conservatory of Acting in New York City.  She passed away in 1992 at the age of 91.

1901: Birthdate of German born American mathematician Richard Dagobert Brauer.

1903: Herzl writes to Lord Rothschild, reports about the commission and asks for a meeting in Paris.

1903: Birthdate of Russian born composer, Matvey Isaakovich Blatner.

1906: It was reported today that the Russians are refusing to cash money orders intended to aid Jewish citizens and are returning them to the senders because “orders have been issued from St. Petersburg to refuse payment…because the money is for the purpose of aiding the revolutionary cause.”

1906: “In the lower sections of” New York City “the majority of the workers” removing snow “were Jews, refugees, young men and old” many of the latter of which were “too weak for the work and had to quit” due to exhaustion.

1910: Forty-nine year old Jules Guérin the anti-Semitic journalist who helped to found the Anti-Semitic League of France and was active in the campaign to smear Captain Dreyfus passed away today.

1911(12th of Shevat, 5671): Madame Fakima Modiano, a prominent philanthropist from Salonica, passed away.

1911: At the request of the Hahambashi, the Turkish Minister of War directs his officers in every Army Corps to provide money for Jewish soldiers to buy Matzah and kosher food during the 8 days of Passover.

1912: De Witt Seligman saw his brother Washington Seligman, both of whom were the sons of James Seligman founder of J & W Seligman & Co, for the last time today at the brokerage firm of Post & Flagg noting that his brother “appeared to be in the best of spirits at that time” and giving no hint that he was about to commit suicide.

1912: Birthdate of Herbert Baum, “the Jewish member of the German resistance against National Socialism who was either hanged or decapitated by the Nazis in Moabit Prison

1912: Birthdate of Heinrich Josef Krips, the son of a Jewish-born convert to Catholicism, who gained game as conductor Henry Krips.

1912(22ndof Shevat, 5672): Sydney James Stern, 1st Baron Wandsworth the eldest son of Viscount David de Stern, senior partner of the firm of Stern Brothers, and Sophia, daughter of Aaron Asher Goldsmid passed away today leaving “estate of 1,555,984 pound sterling most of which was bequeathed to charity, over a million being given to found an orphanage in his name which was actually used to found Lord Wandsworth College.”

1913(3rdof Adar I, 5673): Sixty-eight year old Patterson, NJ merchant Marcus Cohen passed away.

1913: Birthdate of Charles “Charlie” Thompson a native of Brookline, MA who helped to smuggle three surplus B-17 Bombers into Israel as she prepared to fight for her independence.. The story of how he and Al Schimmer did this sounds like the stuff of a fictional spy-thriller but it really happened.  These three planes were the only heavy bombers the Israelis had during the war with the invading Arab armies who were supported by modern aircraft.  He was imprisoned by the U.S. for 18 months for doing this but was pardoned posthumously by President Bush in 2008

1914: The completion of the first English translation of the Bible from the original Hebrew by a body of Jewish scholars representing all shades and schools of Jewish thought and learning was celebrated at a dinner in the great hall of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America tonight. Jacob H. Schiff gave the main address praising the work of the translators.

1914: “Twenty-nine prominent clergymen and churchmen, representing all denominations including Jewish organizations were appoint trustees of Andrew Carnegie’s Church Peace Union

1914: Birthdate of one of the world’s greatest harmonica players, Baltimore native Lawrence "Larry" Cecil Adler.

1914: Birthdate of Wausau, Wisconsin native Benjamin Walter Heineman, the “lawyer and corporate leader who took over railroads, created one of the nation’s first conglomerates and became a close confidant and adviser to President Lyndon B. Johnson…”(As reported by Denise Grady)

1915: Birthdate of Russian actor Vladimir Zeldin
https://www.rbth.com/arts/people/2016/10/31/one-of-worlds-oldest-actors-vladimir-zeldin-dies-aged-101_643635
http://www.playbill.com/article/vladimir-zeldin-worlds-oldest-working-actor-is-dead-at-101

1915: “Denies Pogrom Stories” published today described claims by Russia’ Foreign Minister that reports of attacks on Jews organized by the Russian government are untrue saying that the suffering of the Jews came because so many of them lived in Poland and those parts of Russia where war was being waged and that these reports were being spread by “the German Ambassador in American…in an attempt to create a feeling hostile” to the Russians.

1915: As he left today on a trip to the South, Adolph Lewishon said that “The question of equal rights for Jews, and also of Palestine will not doubt arise at the future peace conference and I believe that the Jewish question will be treated with more sympathy and friendship by the nations than at any other time” because of the ardent patriotism shown by the Jews.

1915: The list of the officers for District 1 of the International Order of B’nai B’rith published today included Herman Asher, Grand President; Abraham K. Cohen, First Vice President; Joseph Rosenzweig, Second Vice President; Solomon Sulzberger, Treasurer and Dr. Bernard M. Kaplan, Grand Secretary.

1915: In New York, Percy St. Straus, head of R.H. Macy & Co. and President of the Dry Goods Association told those attending the dinner marking the final night of the convention of National Dry Goods Association that “the department store men can afford to see a minimum wage law enacted without making any protest. (Editor’s note – 100 years later, in the United States, the battle is being waged over raising the minimum wage – the more things change the more they stay the same)

1916: Nathan Straus who is staying at a hotel in Long Beach, CA today mailed a check for $250,000 to New York “for distribution among the need Jewish children of Poland” and Mrs. Straus mailed another check for $100,000 for the same cause.”

1917(18thof Shevat, 5677): Raphael “Al” Hayman, the business partner of Charles Frohman with whom he established the Theatrical Syndicate, the dominant theatrical booking agency of its day passed away. Frohman, one of three Jewish brothers from Ohio who made it big in the world of New York entertainment, has died two years earlier when he was on board the RMS Lusitania.

1917: Birthdate of Edward Lawrence “Eddie” Turchin, the New York native who at the age of 26 played a handful of games with the Cleveland Indians in 1943.

1918: Judge Julian W. Mack, Colonel Sir Arthur Murray of the British Embassy in Washington D.C. and Ittamar Ben-Avi, a newspaper editor from Jerusalem were among the guests who attended a dinner presided over by Eugene Meyer, Jr., the Chairman of the of the Palestine Restoration at the home of Adolph Lewishohn where the future of the Zionist’s dream for a state in Palestine was discussed.

1918:  The International Ladies Garment Workers received a letter from Dr. Harry Garfield of the National Fuel Administration saying the will see to that “their shops are heated and lighted …Washington’s Birthday” – a holiday on which the Jewish trade unionists have agreed to work with the understanding that their pay for the date will go to the Jewish War Relief Fund.

1918:  Abdul Hamid II Ottoman Sultan passed away.  Sultan Abdul-Hamid II's is famous for his refusal to allow Dr. Theodore Herzl, the founder of Political Zionism, to settle Palestine with Jewish colonists. Herzl offered to buy up and then turn over the Ottoman Debt to the Sultan's government in return for an Imperial Charter for the Colonization of Palestine by the Jewish people.   Herzl probably thought that he was offering the Sultan a bargain, knowing that the Sultan's dearest wish was to rescue the empire from the indebtedness it had fallen into as a result of easy European loans.  While some saw this as a form of anti-Jewish bias others contend that Abdul Hamid’s response was based on internal nationality problems that were already troubling the empire.  Hamid had enough problems with indigenous groups without bringing a new nationality problem to his tottering empire.

1918: “Owing to the wheat conservation rules of the United States Food Administration, Albert Kruger, the director of a” Jewish “relief society on the east side, said” today “that the Jewish population of the country will have its supply of matzoth for the Passover season reduced by at least 30 per cent.”

1919(9thof Shevat, 5679): Annie Blatcky (nee Annie Sugar), the wife of Sol Blatcky passed away today.

1919: Two days afte she passed away, funeral services were held in Chicago for Johanna Levy, the mother of Mrs. Emma Zimmer and Maxwell Levy.

1923: Birthdate of Brooklynite Alex ‘Allie Sherman who was best known as head coach of the NFL’s New York Giants.
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/06/sports/football/allie-sherman-giants-coach-in-the-1960s-dies-at-91.html

1923: Texas Tech University was founded as Texas Technological College in Lubbock, Texas. Today, Texas Tech boasts a small, but vibrant Hillel about which you can find out more by seeing http://www.orgs.ttu.edu/hilleljewishsociety/.

1925(16thof Shevat, 5685): Jacob “Jay” Pike, the brother of Lipman Pike, passed away today. Lipman was a famous baseball player. Jay played in only one major league. In 1877, he got a hit while playing in the outfield for the Brooklyn Hartfords who on that day beat the Cincinnati Red Stockings.

1926: Poet Chaim Nachman Bialik, delivered a speech in Yiddish to 4,000 people at Mecca Temple in New York at an event designed to raise funds the United Palestine Appeal.

1927: Birthdate of Austrian born British novelist, story-writer and memoirist Jakov Lind author of Landscape in Concrete and Ergo.

1927: Bantamweight Herman “Kid Silvers (Herman Silverberg) scored a knock out in his bout tonight at the Engineer’s Amory in Newy ork,

1928: The Jewish Telegraphic Agency reported today the District Court of Jaffa ruled that “compulsory Sabbath observance is in contradiction with Article XV of the Palestine Mandate that states: “The mandatory shall see that complete freedom of conscience and the free exercise of all forms of worship, subject only to the maintenance of public order and morals are assured to all.  No discrimination of any kind shall be made between the inhabitants of Palestine on the ground of race, religion or language.  No person shall be excluded from Palestine on the sole ground of his religious belief.”   The District Court was overruling a decision by a Tel Aviv magistrate who had fined a Jewish shopkeeper named Altschuler for violating the city’s ordinance regarding the observance of the Jewish Sabbath.

1929: Birthdate of Jerry Goldsmith the prolific composer who wrote hundreds of film scores and television theme songs, including music for the films Patton and Basic Instinct and television's The Twilight Zone. He passed away at the age of 75 in 2004.

1929: Birthdate of Elaine Edna Kaufman, founder of owner of Elaine’s, the famed restaurant on the Upper East Side that she made into a New York landmark.

1929: Flyweight Moe Mizler fought his 26th bout at Whitechapel, London

1930: In Manhattan, Beulah and Adolph Lobl gave birth to Elaine Lobl who gained fame as award winning children’s author E.L. Konigsburg. (As reported by Paul Vitello)

1932(3rd of Adar): Yiddish author Mordecai Rabinowitz (Ben-Ammi) passed away today.

1932: Fifty-six year old English author, Richard Horatio Edgar Wallace, passed away today four years before his works would banned by in Germany “because of rumors that the writer was of Jewish extraction” – a charge vehemently denied by his daughter Mrs. Frere Reeves.

1936: With the unification of the police and the SS, the Gestapo became the supreme police agency of Nazi Germany. Gestapo Law was enacted in Prussia, giving them exclusive right to make arrests, and entitled to investigate all activities considered hostile to the state. The same law gave the Gestapo complete independence from the courts.

1936: In Berlin the Ministry of Justice “has issued new regulations” that for all intents and purposes “prohibit the admission of German Jews to the Bar” and ordering all “German lawyers to dissolve all associations with Jews or half Jews.”

1936(17thof Shevat, 5696): Ludwig Hollaender, who studied law at the University of Munich and practiced law there before returning to his hometown of Berlin where he fought growing anti-Semitism as the founder and director of the Central Union of Jews in Germany passed away today “in his 59th year.”

1936: At Cambridge, Massachusetts, “Wassily Leontief, a political refugee from the Soviet Union, a Nobel laureate Economist who pioneered computer modeling, and poet Estelle Marks” gave birth to Svetlana Leontief the American art historian who married in 1958 and became Svetlana Alpers.

1937: At 7:30 pm, WEAF is scheduled to broadcast “Let’s Be Sensible About the Supreme Court” featuring Representative Emanuel Celler.

1937: Edward Isaac Lending a high school teacher received a passport today ten days before he sailed for Europe where fought with the Lincoln Brigade during the Spanish Civil War.

1938: The Palestine Post reported from London that the Colonial Secretary, Mr. Ormsby Gore, made a clear reaffirmation of the British desire to proceed with the partition, as recommended by the Peel Report and the Mandates Commission of the League of Nations. Gore repeated that partition was the best means to establish a Jewish National Home in Palestine.

1938: Harold Jacobi, the President of the Schenley Distillers Corporation announced he would chair the Greater New York Campaign of the United Palestine Appeal “because the Jews of Central  Europe and Eastern Europe have been plunged into profound despair and hopelessness by the new restrictions and threats of expulsion hat be made by the Government of Rumania and because of the anti-Jewish measures in German, Poland and other lands.

1938: G.W. Kunze, national director of public relations for the German American Bund led a delegation of “gray-uniformed Nazi into Syracuse” where they were met by a belligerent band of men from the American Legion”

1938: The Palestine Post reported that a British Army sergeant was killed by an Arab terrorist near Tulkarm.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that the final allocation of 31 seats at the Jerusalem Community Council was: Labor 10, Revisionists four, Hapoel Hamizrahi and Sephardim three each, and the rest were divided between nine smaller parties. The total number of votes cast was 9,368.

1939: Pope Pious XI passed away.  The Pope earned high marks from the B’nai B’rith which featured him on the cover of its monthly magazine in 1939 hailing for his stag against fascism and racism. In 1939, The Jewish National Monthlydescribe him as "the only bright spot in Italy has been the Vatican, where fine humanitarian statements by the Pope have been issuing regularly".

1939: Jewish converts were banned from Evangelical-Lutheran churches in Thüringen, Germany.

1939: “…One Third of a Nation…” starring Sylvia Sidney (born Sophia Kosow) and Sidney Lumet who appeared with his father Baruch Lumet and with music by Nathaniel Shilkret was released in the United States today.

1939(21stof Shevat, 5699): Sixty-four year old Ernest Lesser who “who was called to the Bar by the Middle Temple in 1900 and whose Jewish communal activities included serving as Warden of the New West End Synagogue passed away today.  (Lesser was a man born before his time as can be seen by his support for the “enfranchisement of female seat-holders of the United Synagogue” and his description of “the problem of augunot as ‘a canker in our midst.’”

1940(1st of Adar I, 5700): Parashat Terumah and Rosh Chodesh Adar I

1940: Rabbi Samuel H. Goldenson is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “New Cults and Old Religions” at Temple Emanu-El,

1940: Rabbi Louis I. Newman is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “Lincoln Speaks” New Anecdotes of the Great Emancipator” at Temple Rodeph Sholom.

1940: Rabbi Samuel M. Segal is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “The Sanctuary” at Mount Neboh Temple on West 79th Street.

1940: Rabbi Alexander Segel is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “The Gift and the Giver” at Fort Washington Synagogue.

1940: Rabbi Harold H. Mashioff is scheduled deliver a sermon on “The Protocols of Zion – a Myth Exposed” at the Temple of the Covenant in New York City.

1940: Rabbi Hyman Judah Schachtel delivered a sermon on “Edmund’s Candle in the Dark” at the West End Synagogue.

1942(23rdof Shevat, 5702): Thirty seven year old Baruch Kremer, the husband of Batia Kremer and father of Joshua Kremer was murdered by the Nazis in his hometown of Kurenets.

1942: As of today, “the approximate ghetto and concentration camp populations of German Jews in Riga and the vicinity were: Jungfernhof concentration camp, 2,500; the German ghetto: 11,000; Salaspils: 1,300. Of the Latvian Jews, about 3,500 men and 300 women were in the Latvian ghetto.”

1944: Birthday of Geoffrey Alderman, the native of Middlsex and Oxford graduate who in 2006 “was awarded the degree of Doctor of Letters by the University of Oxford for his important work on Anglo-Jewish history” and who is the father of Naomi Alderman the of Disobedience, for which she earned the 2006 Orange Award for New Writers.
http://www.geoffreyalderman.com/

1944 (16th of Shevat, 5704): Dr. George Bernhard, exiled editor and political economics of pre-Nazi Germany who had been living in the United States since February, 1941 passed away today at the age of 68 from the effects of pneumonia. A native of Berlin, Bernhard was part of a Jewish family that had lived in Germany for centuries.  Bernhard’s enjoyed a successful business career before devoting his time to government service and the publishing industry.  “Dr. Bernhard’s Pariser Tageblatt was considered the world’s first anti-Nazi daily” and “was read all over the world by German speaking Nazis” before the Nazis took control of it in 1936.  Bernhard stayed one step ahead of the Nazis, publishing in Paris until it fell in 1940 and then moving on to Marseilles before had to leave Vichy France in 1941.  Dr. Bernhard who had been a deputy member of the Agency for Palestine as a representative of the German Jews and was a member of the executive committee of the Jewish World Congress was a member of the staff of the Institute of Jewish Affairs from the time he arrived in the United States until his demise.

1944(16thof Shevat, 5704): Fifty year old Yiddish author Israel Joshua Singer brother of two other Yiddish writers, Esther Kreitman and Isaac Bashevis Singer, passed away.

 1944: The first ship to break the British blockade of Palestine arrives in Eretz Israel. Worldwide publicity of "illegal" immigration of Jews to Israel was an important factor in England's ultimate decision to give up the mandate. Most of you know the story the “Exodus” which Leon Uris used as basis for novel of that name that later was a big screen Hollywood event.  The story was based on an actual event that took place in 1947.  However, it was only one a series of blockade runners seeking to bring Jews from Europe to Palestine despite the White Paper banning immigration and the military might of the British Royal Navy.

1944: Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt was honored today for her work in helping to rehabilitate 40,000 refugee children in Israel. More than 1,000 persons attended the meeting at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel where she received the first citation and cash award given for humanitarian work with children by Hadassah, the Women's Zionist Organization of America, in memory of the late Henrietta Szold, founder of the organization.

1944: Birthdate of Georffrey Alderman the British historian whose works include The Jewish Community in British Politics and Modern British Jewry. He is the father of British authoress Naomi Alderman who was born in 1974.

1944: U.S. premiere of “Lady in the Dark” the film version of the Broadway musical created by Kurt Weill, Ira Gershwin and Moss Hart.

1944: “Song of Russia,” a war movie directed by Gregory Ratoff and produced by Joe Pasternak and Pandro S. Berman.

1945: Lt. (JG) Leon Rankel began a three month tour “as a pilot of carrier based torpedo bomber’ during which “he participated in twenty strikes against” Japanese shipping, airfields and other installations.

1947: Following the Paris Peace Conference of 1946, the Paris Peace Treaties were signed between the victorious Allied Powers and Italy, Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria and Finland.

1947: Dov Rosenbaum, Eliezer Kashani and Mordecai Alkoshi were convicted by a British court of carrying firearms.

1948: The Central Committee of the Communist Party indicted Dimitri Shostakovich and other leading Soviet composers as "formalists," enemies of the people. This bogus charge and all that flowed from it caused one critic to describe 1948 as “the worst year of Dmitri Shostakovich's life;” a year in which the Stalinist government would fire him from two teaching positions, ban his works and take away his livelihood.  Shostakovich, who was not Jewish, responded to all of this travail by setting eleven texts from "Jewish Folk Poetry" -- a collection of Yiddish folk poems published the year before in Russian translation -- for soprano, alto, tenor and piano. This musical work would gain fame as "From Jewish Folk Poetry." Shostakovich's orchestration of the cycle would not be heard in public until 1955, two years after Stalin’s death. [Ed. Note: Shostakovich was not Jewish and I do not know why he chose this way of thumbing his nose at Stalin at a time when the Soviet dictator’s anti-Semitism was reaching a new crescendo]

1949: Arthur Miller's play "Death of a Salesman" opened at Broadway's Morosco Theater.  How Jewish was Arthur Miller?  He was Jewish enough that when Marilyn Monroe married him she converted to Judaism.

1949: Lehi Leader Nathan Yellin-Mor was sentenced to 8 years in prison after having been guilty of being part of the leadership of a terrorist organization for his role in the assassination of Count Folke Bernadotte.

1950: Seventy-seven year old, French sociologist Marcel Mauss, the nephew of Émile Durkheim, passed away today in Paris.
 http://www.aaanet.org/committees/commissions/centennial/history/092mauss.pdf
http://www.freewords.org/graeber.htm

1950: Birthdate of Mark Spitz, Olympic Games swimming gold medalist.

1951: Birthdate of Robert "Bob" Iger, “the president and chief executive officer of The Walt Disney Company.”

1950(23rd of Shevat, 5710): French anthropologist and sociologist Marcel Mauss passed away.  Mauss was the nephew and intellectual heir of Émile Durkheim.  His most famous work is The Gift.1952: Birthdate of Zvika Greengold the native of the Kibbutz of the Ghetto fighters who earned Medal of Valor for his heroics during the Yom Kippur War.http://www.badassoftheweek.com/greengold.html

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that a strong explosion shook the Soviet Legation building in Tel Aviv, injuring three members of the staff. Israel expressed "horror and detestation" at this cowardly act. The owner of a Soviet bookshop in Jerusalem was threatened. This violence came as a wave of anti-Semitism swept across the Soviet Union. 

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that The Haifa Technion opened a faculty of agricultural engineering.

1954: Birthdate of Peter Wennik Kaplan, the Manhattan born Harvard graduate who spent 15 exciting years as the editor of the New York Observer. (As reported by Margalit Fox)

1954: Archeologist Max Mallowan who worked several sites in Mesopotamia including Ur, reputed to be the Biblical home of Abraham resigned from the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve

1958: Birthdate of Yitzhak Nakash  an associate professor of Middle Eastern and Islamic studies at Brandeis University who is the  author of The Shi'is of Iraq and who has contributed articles to "Foreign Affairs, Newsweek," and the "New York Times.

1962: Ray Lichenstein’s first solo exhibition which included the canvas “Look Mickey” opened today.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Look_Mickey
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Look_Mickey#/media/File:Look_Mickey.jpg

1963: In Montreal, Ray and Moishe Applebaum gave birth to their third child, Michael Mark Appelbaum, the future mayor his native city.

1965(8thof Adar I, 5725): Fifty year old screenwriter Arnold Manoff who was a victim of the blacklist passed away today.
http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=9401EFD9143CE733A25751C1A9649C946491D6CF

1965: The United States Figure Skating Championships, in which Taffy Pergament placed seventh, opened today.

1966(20th of Shevat, 5726): Billy Rose composer and band leader passed away. Born William Samuel Rosenberg in New York City, he began his career as a lyricist.   Two of his most famous efforts were "Me and My Shadow" and “It’s Only a Paper Moon." 

1966: “Bunny Lake is Missing” a thriller directed and produced by Otto Preminger and featuring Lucie Mannheim was released in the United Kingdom today.

1969: “The Guru” with a screenplay by Ruth Prawer Jhabvala was released today in the United States.

1970(4thof Adar I, 5730): Three Arab terrorists attacked an “airport bus head for an El Al plane at the Munich airport” killing 1 Israeli passenger and wounding 8 others including actress Hanna Maron who had to have her leg amputated after being injured in the grenade blast.

1970(4thof Adar I, 5730): Just 4 months shy of his 100th birthday, Rabbi Tobias Geffen, “the Coca Cola Rabbi” passed away in Atlanta, GA.
http://www.jpost.com/JewishWorld/JewishFeatures/Article.aspx?id=169154

1971: “The House of Blue Leaves,” directed by Mel Shapiro, opened today Off-Broadway at the Truck and Warehouse Theatre, where it ran for 337 performances with a cast that included Harold Gould,

1974: In Givat Haim, Asher Lider and Warsaw Ghetto survivor Dalia Lider both of whom had immigrated to Israel from Argentina gave birth to their third child Ivri Lider, one of Israel’s most popular pop rock singer-songwriters.

1977: In the Bronx Yehonathan Netanyou Lane was named in honor of the Bronx-born Israeli soldier who died freeing hostages in Entebbe Raid in 1976.  Netanyou was the only Israeli soldier to die in the daring rescue mission.  His brother would build a political career based on the fame garnered from being Jonathan’s surviving brother.

1978: “Blue Collar” a crime drama co-starring Harvey Keitel and Yaphet Kotto and featuring Milton Selzer was released in the United States today.

1978: The Jerusalem Post reported that Prime Minister Menachem Begin rejected the US position that the Jewish settlements in the administered areas are illegal and an obstacle to peace. He said that Israel offered Palestinians a local autonomy which was "more than anything they had been offered by the Arab states which ruled them in the past ­ Jordan and Egypt."

1979(13thof Shevat, 5739): Sixty-two year old Rephoel Baruch Sorotzkin, the Rosh Yehsiva of the Telz Yeshiva in Clevland, the husband of Rochel Bloch, passed away today which was the same date on the Hebrew calendar on which he was born.

1980(23rdof Shevat, 5740): Nathan Yellin-Mor, the leader of Lehi who had been born at Grodno in 1913 and whose political transformation led him to become “a radical pacifist who support negotiations with the PLO” passed away today.

1981 In Houston, TX, Karen Lee Finn and her husband gave birth to Mindy Lis Finn, the 2016 Vice Presidential candidate, founder and president of Empowered Women and husband of David Feinberg, the father of her two sons.
http://forward.com/news/world/352799/mormons-love-jews-they-dont-know-vice-presidential-candidate-mindy-finn-is/?utm_content=daily_Newsletter_MainList_Title_Position-1&utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=New%20Daily%202016-10-31&utm_term=The%20Forward%20Today%20Monday-Friday

1983: “Peace Now!” held a demonstration in Jerusalem.

1983(27thof Shevat, 5743): “Right-wing terrorist Yona Avrushmi” murdered IDF veteran and teacher Emil Grunzweig and injured nine others including Abraham Burg and Yuval Steinitz when he threw a grenade at a peace rally in Jerusalem.

1984: “Unfaithfully Yours” the movie version of the novel  by the same name directed by Howard Zieff, produced by Daniel Melnick, with a script co-authored by Barry Levinson and co-starring Albert Brooks was released today in the United States.

1990(15thof Shevat, 5750): Tu B’Shevat

1990: The New York Times reported that based on a poll created by Steven M. Cohen, a sociologist at Queens College of the City University of New York, and by the study's sponsor, the Israel-Diaspora Institute, a Tel Aviv-based public policy center that deals with relations between Jews in Israel and elsewhere officials of American Jewish organizations, although highly distrustful of the Palestine Liberation Organization, say that Israel should talk to the P.L.O., a national survey has found.

1990: On Off-Broadway revival of “The Rothschilds,” a musical based on Frederic Morton’s biography opened at the American Jewish Theatre.

1991: An American official said today that Air Force F-15's had destroyed a Scud surface-to-surface missile launcher in western Iraq, but it was not the one that lobbed another projectile into Tel Aviv, Israel, wounding 26 people.

1991: During Desert Storm, the Israeli Army allowed some West Bank and Gaza Palestinians to return to their jobs in Israel today for the first time in three weeks.

1994 (29thof Shevat, 5754): Naftali Sahar a citrus grower, was killed by blows to his head. His body was found in his orchard near Kibbutz Na'an.

1995: Eli Rosenbaum has been named director of the Office of Special Investigations (OSI), Jo Ann Harris, Assistant Attorney General in charge of the Criminal Division, announced today. OSI is the unit of the Criminal Division that identifies and takes legal action against those who participated in persecutory activities of the Nazi regime during World War II.  "

1996(20th of Shevat, 5756): Seventy-five year old Haskell L. Lazere, who was executive director of the New York chapter of the American Jewish Committee from 1969 to 1989 and helped found various human rights coalitions in New York City, passed away at his home on the Upper East Side.(As reported by Wolfgang Saxon.
http://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/13/nyregion/haskell-lazere-75-executive-who-led-jewish-committee.html?pagewanted=print&src=pm

1999(10thof Shevat, 5759): Eighty-five year old Gideon Rafael, who engaged in a variety of clandestine activities in the 1930’s and 1940’s before becoming one of the founders of Israel’s Foreign Ministry in 1948 passed away today.
http://www.nytimes.com/1999/02/12/world/gideon-rafael-85-a-founder-of-the-israeli-foreign-ministry.html
http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/obituary-gideon-rafael-1070457.html

2000: Russian actor Vladimir Zeldin was awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, 4thClass “for outstanding contribution to the development of domestic theatrical art.

2001: Eve Ensler's "The Vagina Monologues" was presented to a crowd of 18,000 men and women at Madison Square Garden.
https://jwa.org/thisweek/feb/10/2001/eve-ensler

2001(17th of Shevat, 5761):  Abraham “Abe” Beame, first Jewish Mayor of New York City passed away. (As reported by Robert D. McFadden)
http://www.nytimes.com/2001/02/11/nyregion/abraham-beame-is-dead-at-94-mayor-during-70-s-fiscal-crisis.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm

2002: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including the recently published paperback edition of James Atlas” Bellow: A Biography, the encyclopedic portrait of the writer Saul Bellow in which the author beat all the bushes to trace his personal life and achievements, drawing on more than a decade's worth of research.

2003: Eighty-seven year old journalist Herb Brin was interred today “in Jerusalem, overlooking the Temple Mount.”
http://www.davidbrin.com/herbbrin/obituary.html

2003(8th of Adar I, 5763): Ron Ziegler, Press Secretary for Richard Nixon during the Watergate Scandal passed away. (As reported by Tina Kelley)

http://www.nytimes.com/2003/02/11/us/ron-ziegler-press-secretary-to-nixon-is-dead-at-63.html?pagewanted=print&src=pm

2003(8th of Adar I, 5763): Antoinette Feuerwerker, a French jurist, veteran of the WW II Free French forces and the wife of Rabbi David Feuerwerker, passed away today in Jerusalem at the age of 90.

2005 (1st of Adar I, 5765):  Playwright Arthur Miller passed away. (As reported by Marilyn Berger)
http://theater.nytimes.com/2005/02/11/theater/newsandfeatures/11cnd-miller.html
http://www.arthurmiller.org/

2005: Russian actor Vladimir Zeldin was awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, 3rdclass “for outsanding contribution to the development of theatrical art and may years of creative activity.

2006: In “Beating Swords Into Photographs” published today, Menachem Wecker reviews the wprk of David Seymour.
http://forward.com/articles/1652/beating-swords-into-photographs/

2006:  Sheloshim ends for Judy Rosenstein (nee Levin) of blessed memory.

2006: An animated film, Curious George, based on the character created by Hans Augusto Rey and Margret Rey featuring Will Ferrell as the voice of the originally unnamed Man With the Yellow Hat, was released. (The Reys are Jewish- Ferrell is not)

2007: “Musical Genius” Chen Halevi performs together with five musicians from the Tel Aviv Soloists Ensemble in a Classical-Romantic-Modern program featuring works by Mozart, Dvorak and Paul Ben-Haim at the Israel Conservatory in Tel Aviv.

2008: The Sunday New York Times featured a review of Comeback: Conservatism That Can Win Again by Jewish author David Frum.

2008: The Sunday New York Times featured a pre-Valentine’s Day interview with Ben Karlin, Wisconsin alum and former member of Hillel based on his book Things I’ve Learned From Women Who’ve Dumped Me

2008: Jerusalem Post on-line reported that “anger boiled over in Sderot on as residents took to the streets, demanding that the government take stronger steps against the rocket fire from Gaza following a Kassam strike that shattered one local family's Shabbat.

2008: At the Tucson Jewish Film Festival in Tucson, AZ a showing of “Samuel Bak:
Painter of Questions,” a documentary that explores Bak's work and life through the lens of his childhood experiences.


2008: The 12thNew York Sephardic Jewish Festival continues with showings of “Sallah Shabati,” “Souvenirs,” “Operation Mural: Casablanca 1960,”The Jews of Lebanon” (le Petite Histoire des Juifs de Liban) and “My Love (Aviva Ahuvati).”

2009:Adelphi University Cultural Events Lecture Series presents a presentation a lecture entitled “Israel and the United Nations”  by Ambassador Danny Carmon, Deputy Permanent Representative of Israel to the United Nations followed by a Q & A session.

2009: Kinky Friedman “confirmed to the Associated Press that he was still interested in running” for governor of Texas.

2009: In Little Rock, Arkansas, the Chabad-Lubavitch Center for Jewish Life, under the dynamic leadership of Rabbi Pinchas Ciment, presents a lecture on the power of prayer by Dr. Lisa Aiken, entitled, “Dear G-d, is anyone listening?”

2009:  Israelis go to the polls in the only free, democratic elections (in the western sense of that that term) held in that part of the world. Kadima captures 28 seats and Likud captures 27 seats in the inconclusive race to control the 120 seat Israeli Parliament.

2009: Eighty-nine year old Leo Alan Orenstein, who directed and produced over 150 television shows at the CBC will be laid to rest today at Mount Pleasant Cemetery.

2010: Today, the Antiquities Authority said that “archaeologists in Jerusalem have discovered an ancient street which confirms the accuracy of the 1,500 old Madaba Map which depicted in a mosaic floor of a church in Madaba, Jordan, that shows Jerusalem as it was in the Byzantine period, between the 4th and the 7th centuries.  (As reported by Nir Hasson)

2010: Maggie Anton, author of the outstanding trilogy about Rashi’s Daughters, is scheduled to speak at Milken JCC in West Hills, CA.

2010: The 14thNew York Sephardic Jewish Film Festival is scheduled to present the New York Premiere of “Azi Ayima” (Come Mother), “a story of transition, cultural crisis, social survival and also lots of faith, optimism, joy and dignity, told for the first time by Moroccan women of the first generation to immigrate to Israel.” 

2010(26thShevat, 5770): First-Sgt. Muhammad Ihab Khatib, 26, was stabbed to death at the Tapuah junction on this afternoon by Mahmoud Hattib, a Palestinian Authority police officer from Yabed.  Khatib was waiting in his Sufa jeep in a queue of traffic when he was stabbed in the chest through an open window. In the soldier's attempt to speed away, the vehicle overturned. Khatib was evacuated to Petah Tikva's Beilinson Hospital, where he succumbed to the knife wounds. The soldier is survived by a father, a mother, two brothers and three sisters. Several years ago, his uncle was killed in action. In the Second Lebanon War, his aunt was killed when a Katyusha rocket fired by Hizbullah hit her house.

2011: “Five Brothers,” “The Loners” and “There Were Nights” are scheduled to be shown at the Atlanta Jewish Film Festival.

2011: Opening night of the Jewish Film Festival in San Diego, CA.

2011: Laura Cohen Apelbaum, Executive Director of the Jewish Historical Society of Greater Washington and Archivist Wendy Turman are scheduled to present an illustrated lecture of Jewish Life in Mr. Lincoln's City, detailing Civil War-era personalities and events in Washington and Alexandria.

2011: Dr. Nathan Abrams is scheduled to deliver an illustrated lecture entitled “(Jewish) men and (gentile) women can't be friends because the sex part always gets in the way” based on romantic comedy, “When Harry Met Sally.”

2011: At a ceremony for the International Day of Commemoration in memory of the victims of the Holocaust, Defense Minister Ehud Barak told an audience today in the United Nations General Assembly hall that “an independent, strong, thriving and peaceful State of Israel is the vengeance of the dead.”

2011: It was announced today that three authors who attended the University of Iowa Writers’ Workshop are among five finalists for the Sami Rohr Prize in fiction for Jewish Literature. They are Allison Amend for “Stations West,” Julie Orringer for “The Invisible Bridge” and Austin Ratner for “Jump Artist.”   Top prize is $100,000 and a $25,000 Choice Award will be given to the first runner-up. Established in 2006, the annual prize honors the contribution of contemporary writers in the exploration and transmission of Jewish values. It is intended to encourage and promote outstanding writing of Jewish interest in the future. Fiction and non-fiction books are considered in alternate years. Other finalists, announced by the Jewish Book Council, are Nadia Kalman for “The Cosmopolitans” and “Joseph Skibell for “A Curable Romantic.” Finalists will meet with the judges March 15 in New York, and the winners will be announced shortly thereafter. The 2011 award ceremony will be held in New York City on May 31.

2011(6thof Adar I, 5771): Tel Aviv University Professor Michael Harsegor, one of Israel's most-prominent historians, passed away today at the age of 87. For decades Harsegor taught history at Tel Aviv University and was considered an expert on Late Middle Ages European History. He was most well-known to the Israeli public for hosting the long-running Army Radio program "historical hour". Harsegor was a native of Romania, but moved to Israel in 1949 at the age of 25. In Romania, he was sentenced to 20 years hard labor for being a member of the HaShomer HaTzair Zionist youth movment, but was released in 1944.After arriving in Israel, following a short imprisonment by British forces in Cyprus, Harsegor became a member of Kibbutz Zikim, and also gave the kibbutz its name. (As reported by Ben Hartman)

2012: In New York, an exhibition of the work of Ilan Averbuch, an Israeli artist who creates sculpture using wood, stone, copper and steel is scheduled to come to an end.

2012: The 92ndStreet Y is scheduled to host a Tu B’Shevat Dinner this evening.

2012: Jews around the world can participate in the International Young Israel Movement Mishloach Manot Campaign 2012 starting at 10:AM www.iyim.org.il/mishloach-manot/ 

2012: Israel's Defense Ministry said this morning that it had conducted a successful test of the Arrow 2 missile defense system.

2012: The Knesset's Judicial Selection Committee approved Justice Asher Grunis as the new Supreme Court President today.

2012: A general strike in Israel's public sector will continue today, after negotiations between the Histradrut Labor Federation and the Finance failed to resolve the gap between the two sides late yesterday

2013: In Washington, DC final scheduled day for “Matzah Without Dogma: Four Centuries of Secular and Humanistic Judaism” featuring Rabbi Adam Chalom, North American Dean of the IISHJ

2013: The Jewish Historical Society of Greater Washington is scheduled to present “The Queen of H Street, a one-woman show that tells the true life story of Anna Shulman, her arrival in the U.S. and in Washington, and her impact on the H Street neighborhood, home to Jewish merchants in the 1920s and 1930s

2013: At the Grammies, “The Jewish Canadian singer Drake won an award for Rap Album of the Year and the indie pop band “fun” whose leader singer Antonoff is Jewish won the Song of the Year with “W Are Young.” (As reported by JTA and The Jewish Press)

2013: The Baltimore Zionist District and United Against a Nuclear Iran are scheduled to join forces today with more than a dozen other organizations — Jewish and non-Jewish --  in front of the Baltimore Convention Center during the Motor Trend International Auto Show to call upon auto manufacturers to stop doing business with Iran.

2013: “Orchestra of Exiles” a film about Bronislaw Huberman, the man who saved 1,000 musicians, their families and their friends, is scheduled to be shown in Iowa City, Iowa.

2013: YIVO Institute for Jewish Research and Posen Foundation are scheduled to present: “Jews and Words: A Celebration of Jewish Writing, Language, and Expression” – a series of panel discussion including such literary luminaries as Jonathan Sarna and Dora Horn.

2013: Four hundred police officers and 200 private security guards were on hand at Teddy Stadium in the capital as Beitar Jerusalem played a high-tension match against Arab squad Bnei Sakhnin tonight.

2013: Barack Obama will be making his first presidential visit to Israel next month primarily in order to tell Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in person to hold off on any military intervention in Iran, it was reported today

2013: 2013: A float satirizing local politicians dressed as Nazis holding canisters of Zyklon B gas is to take part in a carnival parade in the Belgian city of Aalst which is scheduled to take place today. (As reported by JTA and Forward)

2014: A version of “Threshold to the Sacred: The Ark Door of Cairo's Ben Ezra Synagogue” based on the exhibit at the Walter’s in Baltimore is scheduled to come to a close at Yeshiva University.” (As reported by Menachem Wecke
http://forward.com/articles/173384/what-lay-behind-maimonides-door-in-cairos-ben-ezra/?p=all
http://thewalters.org/events/eventdetails.aspx?e=2568

2014: The Tulane University Jewish Studies Department led by its chair Dr. Brian J. Horowitz is scheduled to host a lecture by Jennifer Richard entitled “Passover and Politics: Remember the Jewishness of Hannah Arendt.”

2014: “Putzel” is scheduled to be shown at the 14th annual the David Posnack JCC Jewish Film Festival.

2014: “Five Hours from Paris” is scheduled to be shown for the first time at UK Jewish Film Festival.

2014: The Chronicle of Philanthropy reported today that Mark Zuckerberg and his wife were the most generous American philanthropists in 2013, with a donation of 18 million shares of Facebook stock valued at more than $970 million to a Silicon Valley nonprofit.”

 2014: Abraham H. Foxman announced today that he would be stepping down as head of the Anti-Defamation League in July of 2015.

2014:”A red alert sounded in the Hof Ashkelon Regional Council early this afternoon after a rocket launched from within Gazan territory was detected.”

2014: “The crisis at Hadassah’s two Jerusalem hospitals intensified today as nurses and administrative employees joined doctors in a strike that has been going on since last Tuesday.” (As reported by Aron Donzis)

2015: Florida International University is scheduled to host a lecture by Dr. Juan Gil on “Conversos in Seville and the Empire, From the Coast of Africa to the Indies.”

2016: The JCC Manhattan is scheduled to host “Israel in Love.”

2016: “A Life for Football” which “dramatizes the story of Munich-based soccer team FC Bayern and its club president, Kurt Landauer, a Jew who returned to Munich after the war to reinstate the club and the game in the city” is scheduled to be shown at the 26th Annual San Diego Jewish Film Festival.

2016(1stof Adar I, 5776): In an ecumenical quirk of the calendar Ash Wednesday coincides with Rosh Chodesh Adar I.

2017(14thof Shevat, 5777): On the Jewish calendar, “Yahrzeit of Rabbi Yaakov Yehoshua Falk better known as the "Pnei Yehoshua," which was the title of his book of Talmudic commentary”

2017 (14th of Shevat, 5777): On the Jewish calendar Yahrtzeit of Rabbi Aryeh Kaplan.

2017: The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled kick off Parent’s Shabbat with Orthodox and Egalitarian Services followed by a three course Friday Night Meal.

2017: In Coralville, Iowa, Agudas Achim is scheduled to host is annual New Member Dinner.

2017: In Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Temple Judah is scheduled to host its annual Tu B’Shvat Seder.

2017(14thof Shevat, 5777): Ninety-five year old Miles Cahn who along with his wife founded Lillian founded Coach, maker of the famous Coach handbag, passed away today.


2018: “Shalom Bollywood: The Untold Story of Indian Cinema” is scheduled to be shown this evening at the San Diego Jewish Film Festival.

2018: A “charity cycle ride” to raise money for the Oxford Food Bank supported by The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to take place this afternoon

2018(25thof Shevat, 5778): Parashat Mishpatim and Shabbat Shekalim; for more see http://downhomedavartorah.blogspot.com/

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

This Day, February 11, In Jewish History by Mitchell A. Levin

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February 11

55: Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman Emperorship, dies under mysterious circumstances in Rome clearing the way for Nero to become Emperor Would things have been better or worse if Britannicus had ruled instead of Nero?  Nobody can say for sure since there is no record of his views on the Jewish people, Judea or Jerusalem. . Nero’s record regarding the Jews is a mixed bag (at least he did blame them for burning down Rome), he did appoint four inept governors to rule over Judea and appointed Vespasian to put down the Jewish Revolt when it began in 66. Given the rest of Nero’s behavior, the world (including the Jewish world) would have been better off with Britannicus.]

1147 (24 Adar): The Jews of Wurzburg were attacked without warning by a band of Crusaders.  “More than twenty among them met a martyrs death including Rabbi Isaac ben Eliakim…The humane Bishop of Wurzburg assigned a burial place in his own private garden for the bodies of the martyrs and sent the survivors to a castle near Wurzburg.”

1201: In Worms, the Jews took up arms to fight alongside the city's non-Jewish residents against an attack by Otto. At that time, Jews were still permitted to bear arms in various cities in Germany, although this privilege was soon to be abolished

1250: During the Seventh Crusade, the three day Battle of Al Mansurah comes to an end with the French forces under the command of the anti-Semitic King Louis IX suffering a crushing defeat.

1349: Jews of Uberlingen, Switzerland were massacred.

1482: By a Papal order, seven new Inquisitors were nominated, among them Tomas de Torquemada who led the Spanish Inquisition that brought an end to the fabled Spanish Jewish community.

1490: In Spain it was declared that no Jew or convert ever be allowed to rule over any Muslims. This was part of Spanish/Muslim negotiations leading up to the eventual surrender of Granada, the last Muslim territory in Iberia.

1491: Isaac ben Judah ibn Katorzi produced the first printed copy of at Naples the Sefer ha-Shorashim a lexicon by Rabbi David Kimhi, known as RADAK.

1531: King Henry VIII is recognized as head of the Church of England, thus helping to unravel papal control of the British Isles, weaken the control of the Catholic Church and help the forces of what might be loosely called Protestant Christianity.  Over the long haul, this was beneficial to the Jews since the rise of Protestants in the Netherlands and England would prove to be beneficial to their acceptance and provide escape from the Church approved Inquistion that had driven them out of Iberia and kept them from New World Settlements in Latin America and French controlled Canada.

1535: Birthdate of Niccolò Sfondrati who as Pope Gregory XIV followed the comparatively benevolent policies of his predecessor Sixtus V.

1632: Nicolas Antoine, “a French Protestant theologian and pastor who attempted to convert to Judaism, although he was never officially admitted to Judaism, due to fears by the Jewish community that persecutions would happen if it became known that he was an apostate of Christianity” “was placed in an asylum for the insane” in an attempt by his fellow Christians to get him to recant his declarations that he was a Jew.

1673: In England, According to the Conventicle Act of 1664 any prayer meeting of more than five persons not according to the Book of Common Prayer would be considered seditious. The act had been originally designed as a device against the Puritans but soon Jews were prosecuted as well. The Jews requested from the King to either allowed freedom of worship or be allowed to leave the country with their possessions. Charles II ordered the Attorney General to desist from prosecuting the “offenders”.

1689(21st of Shevat): Rabbi Moses ben Galante of Jerusalem, author of Zevah ha-Shelamim passed away

1720: German born Moses Raphael Levy and the former Grace Mears of Jamaica gave birth to their fourth child Miriam Levy

1772: Birthdate of Lewis Way, the English clergyman who in 1808 found he London Society for Promoting Christianity Among the Jews  and who “traveled at his own expense through Holland, Germany, and Russia, in order to study the condition of the Jews, ameliorate their social and political status, and urge the Christians to missionary work among them”

1789: Solomon Sodicky won a bareknuckle fight today in Herts, England. (As reported by Bob Wechsler)

1795: “Sheva, the Benevolent,” an adaptation of English playwright Richard Cumberland's “The Jew; or the Benevolent Hebrew”, the first English language play to feature a Jewish moneylender as the benevolent hero of a stage comedy had its American premiere in Philadelphia, PA.

1802(9th of Adar I, 5562): Joel Löwe the Biblical commentator “who was a follower of Moses Menedlssohn” and “biurists” – that group of commentators who helped to lay “the foundation of a critical historical study of the TaNaCh” passed away today.

1807: Marcus Hyams married Rachel Davis today at the Great Synagogue

1811: Birthdate of French banker and booklover Aaron Euryate Felix Solar.

1812(28th of Shevat, 5572): Rabbi Joseph David Sinzheim passed away.  According to The Jewish Encyclopedia, Sinzheim was born in 1745.  He was the son of R. Isaac Sinzheim of Treves and brother-in-law of Herz Cerfbeer and the first rabbi of Strasburg. He was the most learned and prominent member of the Assembly of Notables convened by Napoleon I. He was entrusted with task of answering the questions laid before the assembly by the imperial commissioner; a task which he accomplished in such an admirable fashion that he won the approval of the Emperor himself.

1814: Norway's independence is proclaimed, marking the ultimate end of the Kalmar Union, the union of Norway, Denmark and Sweden.  As part of its declaration of independence, Norway acquired its first constitution. “This document was relatively liberal, but in §2 it stated that the official state religion was Lutheran Protestantism and that Jews and Jesuits were forbidden from entering the kingdom. The lobbying to change this paragraph was led by the national poet, Henrik Wergeland. In 1851 the ban was indeed reversed, six years after the Wergeland's death.”

1826: University College London is founded under the name University of London. As the first university to open its doors to Women, Roman Catholics and Dissenters, UCL was also the first to admit Jewish students. This traditional link of the College with the Anglo-Jewish community is very much alive today.University College London houses the largest department of Hebrew and Jewish Studies in Europe. The department is the only one in the UK to offer a full degree course and research supervision in Jewish Studies at the BA Honours, MA, MPhil and PhD levels in every subject of Hebrew and Jewish Studies - philology, history, and literature - covering virtually the entire chronological and geographical span of the Hebrew and Jewish civilization from antiquity through the Middle Ages to the modern period. Degrees can be completed on a full- or part-time basis.

1827: Benjamin Farmer married Isabella Myers today at the Great Synagogue.

1833: Birthdate of Auguste Scheurer-Kestner he became an ardent defender of Dreyfus going so far as to take up the case with Minister of War Jean-Baptiste Billot and President Felix Faure.

1837: Eliezer Eduard Hirschel Kann and Hyacintha Kann gave birth to Dorothea Jacobson.

1841: Hannah Weil and Benjamin Bloomingdale gave birth to Lyman Gustavus Bloomingdale the co-founder of Bloomingdale’s Department Store.

1842: Birthdate of Ludwig Barnay, “the son of the secretary of the Jewish congregation in Budapest who went on to become a leading German actor.

1846(15th of Shevat, 5606): Tu B’Shevat

1851: In Sarrebourg, Lorraine, France thirty-one year old Kalmus Calmann Levy (Calmann Levy) married Paulin Levy.

1851: George Leverson married Henrietta Jonassohn today at Chester-le-Street, a town in County Durham, England

1859: The New York Times reported that Jews of San Francisco were scheduled to hold a meeting to express their feelings over the kidnapping of “the Mortara child” and the refusal of the papal authorities to return him to his parents. [The Mortara Affair had a galvanizing effect on Jewish communities throughout the world, especially in Western Europe and the United States.  The public displays and attempts to get governments to act on behalf of Jewish victims, which is commonplace today, was almost unheard of one hundred and fifty years ago.]

1859: Heidenheimer, TX, which was named in honor Sampson Heidenheimer who along with his brother  Isaac owned grocery stores in Galveston was located along the Santa Fe railway which was chartered today to join Atchison and Topeka, Kansas, with Santa Fe, New Mexico 

1861: Edwin Booth appeared as Shylock for the first time at The Winter Garden in New York City. According to the reviewer, “first to last, Mr. Booth preserved with thorough faithfulness the varying passions which from time to time usurped the heart of the Jew.”  In playing Shylock, Booth was following in the footsteps of his father Junius Brutus Booth who had previously this creation of Shakespeare’s pen.  

1865(15th of Sh'vat, 5625) Tu B'Shvat is observed for the last time during the Civil War.

1866: Ion Ghica who “was a valuable ally for Yiddish theater in Bucharest” and “on several occasions expressed his favorable view of the quality of acting, and even more of the technical aspects of the Yiddish theater” began serving as Prime Minister of Romania today.

1868: Birthdate of Nachman Syrkin, the Russian-born American Zionist leader.  He may have been the only American to have attended the First Zionist Congress and the Versailles Peace Conference. He was an early advocate of what became the Kibbutz Movement.

1868: In Savannah, GA, Mikveh Israel, a synagogue that had followed the Sephardic Minchag began its shift from the Orthodox to Reform Judaism today “with the addition of a musically-accompanied choir and the elimination of observance of the second day of festivals.”

1869: Jeannette and Aaron Schüler gave birth to Jewish German poet and playwright Else Lasker-Schüler

1874: Birthdate of George Alexander Kohut an Hungarian-born American writer and bibliographer. He was educated at the gymnasium in Grosswardein, at the public schools in New York, at Columbia University (1893–1895), Berlin University, and the Berlin Hochschule für die Wissenschaft des Judenthums (1895–97). In the year 1897 he became rabbi of the Congregation Emanu-El, Dallas, Texas, a post which he occupied for three years. In 1902 he became superintendent of the religious school of Temple Emanu-El in New York, and was assistant librarian of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America. Kohut was the author of: The Index to the Italian words in the "Aruch,""Early Jewish Literature in America,""Sketches of Jewish Loyalty, Bravery, and Patriotism in the South American Colonies and the West Indies,""Martyrs of the Inquisition in South America," and “A Memoir of Dr. Alexander Kohut's Literary Activity," and many other monographs on historical subjects and on folklore. He also edited "Semitic Studies in Memory of Dr. Alexander Kohut". Kohut established a library of Judaica at Yale in 1915, an important collection made by his father, Alexander Kohut, and the "Kohut Endowment" to maintain and improve the "Alexander Kohut Memorial Collection". He passed away in 1933.

1874(24th of Shevat, 5634): Eleanor Ezekiel passed away in Philadelphia, PA

1874: Dr. Jacob Da Silva Solis Cohen a Sephardic Jew who served with Union forces during the Civil War before returning to Philadelphia signed the death certificate of Eleanor Ezekiel.

1875: Abraham H. Keinski, a Polish Jew, was arraigned at the Yorkville Police Court on charges that he was responsible for burning down a hat store that he owned which was located on Third Avenue. The prisoner was released after posting $5,000 in bail.

1880(29th of Shevat, 5640): Asher Bijur passed at 4 o’clock this afternoon at his home on West 53rd Street at the age of 54.  He was born at Posen in 1825 and came to the United States when he was 20 years old.  He began his business career by manufacturing cigars and then moved into the leaf tobacco trade. He leaves behind a widow and two sons.

1881: Mr. Arbuckle, a pianist who had been engaged to play a benefit performance at the Park Theatre for the benefit of synagogue in Brooklyn explained his side of the conflict with another pianist named Joseffy.

1881: Birthdate of Louis Ginsberg.  Born in Russia, he came to the United States at the age of 22.  After working in West Virginia and Illinois, he settled in Marietta, Ohio, where he established the Producers’ Supply and Tool Company and became a pillar of the community serving as Secretary of B’Nai Israel, President of the Local Jewish War Suffers’ Society, Director of the Hebrew Immigration Society and a generous supporter of the Red Cross.

1884(15th of Shevat, 5644): Tu B’Shevat

1885: In Birmingham, England,  Polish born English financer Isaac Abrahams and “his Welsh Jewish wife, Esther Isaacs gave birth Olympic competitor Sir Sidney “Solly” Solomon Abrahams, the brother of  Harold Abrahams of “Chariots of Fire” who served as the 26th Chief Justice of Ceylon.

1886: A charity ball sponsored by the Purim Association will be held this evening at the Metropolitan Opera House.

1888: Birthdate of Kiev native Gdal Salesski the cellist and composer who settled in the United States after World War I after which he was chosen to be “a member of the original N.B.C. Symphony Orchestra.

1889(10th of Adar I, 5649): Simon Mussina, merchant, newspaper editor, and attorney passed away. [This lengthy entry is intended to provide a sense of what American Jewish life was like for those who lived outside of a few major metropolitan areas.] Born in 1805, to Zachariah and Nancy Mussina in Philadelphia, PA, Simon learned the mercantile business from his father. In 1821 Simon and his father took a business trip to Mobile and Clark County, Alabama, where Zachariah drowned while crossing a swollen creek. The family fortune of gold disappeared in the drowning, and Simon was left to support his mother and several younger brothers and sisters. He set up a mercantile store in Clark County, then moved to Mobile, where he developed one of the largest mercantile businesses in the South. Before 1836 a fire burned his savings, and that year he moved to Matagorda, Texas, with his family. He bought the Matagorda Bulletin and edited it until 1840, when he moved to Galveston, where he edited the National Banner to advertise his vast holdings of West Texas lands. When Austin became the state capital, Simon sold the Banner and returned to Matagorda to assume editorship of the Bulletin. He subsequently moved to Galveston, where he established a large drugstore. When the Mexican War started he went to Matamoros, bought land at Point Isabel on the Rio Grande, acquired controlling interest in a Matamoros newspaper, the American Flag, and developed it into one of the most popular newspapers of the time. At the end of the war he served as one of the surveyors who laid out the town of Brownsville. Mussina became a close friend of Sam Houston, who encouraged him to become the chief plaintiff against Judge John C. Watrous, charged with corrupt decisions on land claims in and about Brownsville. The litigation lasted most of Mussina's life. In 1868 he moved to Austin and began proceedings for the La Vega land grant, an eleven-league grant that embraced a part of eastern Waco. This case, too, stayed in litigation. In his sixties Mussina became a member of the State Bar of Texas and established himself as one of the most astute land attorneys in the state. From 1870 to 1873 he served as president of the board of trustees for the state blind and insane asylums and in 1871 he served as alderman for the city of Austin. Mussina never married, but he reared his father's family.” His sister, who had married a Presbyterian minister of Galveston, buried him from that church in Galveston.

1890: Isaac Jacobs was fired from his job as a janitor at Etz Chaim (The Tree of Life), a Hebrew School of which Isaac LIbermann and Hermann Rothstein are the trustees.

1890: A meeting took place at Temple Beth El this evening during which the young people discussed ways of helping the city’s poor Jews many of whom “live on the east side between 42nd and 86th streets from 5th Avenue to the River.”

1890: Among the recipients of the theatrical license fund which was distributed today was the United Hebrew Charities which received $1,500 out of total of $38,200.

1890(21st of Shevat, 5650): Solomon Eppinger passed away today.

1890: Henry Zirndorf retired from the Hebrew Union College and “was given he honorary title of D.D.”

1890: This and final day of the annular meeting of Grand Lodge, No.1 of the Independent Order of Free Sons Israel. The Jewish fraternal order’s newly elected officers are: Grand Mater – Louis B. Franklin; First Deputy Grand Master – Joseph Steiner; Grand Treasurer – Raphael Lehman; Grand Secretary – H.I. Goldsmith.

1892: In New York, the authorities expressed their concern today “over the worst outbreak of typhus…that has occurred since the organization of the Health Department.”  The outbreak was most severe among recently arrived Jewish immigrants from Russia.

1893: In his lecture on the history of Morocco and Gibraltar delivered today, Professor Albert S. Bickmore reported that the population of Tangier totaled about 15,000 people of whom 4,000 were Jews.

1894: Birthdate of Isaac M Kolthoff, the Dutch born chemist who was considered by some to be the “Father of Analytical Chemistry.”  He passed away in Minnesota in 1993 a month after his 99th birthday.

1894: It was reported today that the fifth and final volume or Ernest Renan’s History of the Jews “has had a unique reception in Paris.  “In an interview, Pere Henri Didon speaks tenderly of Renan, and almost approvingly of this closing work” which was published posthumously.

1894: “Diminutive Bride and Groom” published today described the nuptials of Maurice Bear and Bertha Levy, a leading member of the Birmingham, Alabama, Jewish community, both of whom are no more than four feet tall.

1894: Rabbi Joseph Silverman delivered a talk on “The Mistakes of Ingersoll About Moses” at Temple Emanu-El.

1895(17th of Shevat, 5655): Mrs. Hannah Steinberger, the wife of William Steinberger who teaches Hebrew and German, was found dead “in the miserable quarters” she occupied with her three children in a tenement on the Lower East Side.

1898:  Birthdate of Physicist Leo Szilard.  Born in Hungary, Szilard was a refugee from Hitler’s Europe who first sounded the alarm about the need to build an Atomic Bomb.  He worked with Einstein on the letter that Einstein would take to FDR in 1939.  This effort led to the Manhattan Project.

1898: During the trial of Emile Zola, Lt. Col George Picquart “described his mission to Tunis” which he made under the orders of General Leclerc “when the Dreyfus began afresh.

1899: In Richmond, VA, the Ladies’ Hebrew Benevolent Association which had been founded in 1862 and whose members included Mrs. Milton E. Marcuse, Mrs. William Reinheimer and Mrs. Moses May was “chartered” today.

1900: The Thirty-Fourth Annual Convention of District Grand Lodge No. 1 of the Independent Order of the Free Sons of Israel took place today in New York City.

1902: Birthdate of Arne Jacobsen, Danish architect and designer.

1903: In a letter to the Grand Vizir, Herzl summarizes his proposal – the Ottomans will allow Jewish colonization in Palestine in exchange for a loan of 2 million Turkish pounds.

1903: The Zionist Commission led by Leopold Kessler and including Selig Soskin, Dr. Hillel Yaffe, and Colonel Albert Goldsmid began its tour of the area around El Arish.

1904: Birthdate of Koppel Shub Pinson the native of Postaway who came to the United States in 1907 who in 1945 “was appointed Director of Education and Culture for Jewish Displaced Persons in Germany and Austria by the Joint Distribution Committee” which enabled him continue his work of providing aide for Holocaust survivors.

1904: Florence Lowenstein, the daughter of Sophia Mendelsohn Lowenstein and Benedict Lowenstein and Louis Marshall gave birth to economist George Marshall whose interest in conservation led him to be
an early leader of both The Wilderness Society and the Sierra Club. His role in the civil rights movement led to him serving three months in prison after having been cited for Contempt for Congress when being investigated by the infamous and inappropriately named House Committee on Un-American Activities.

1905: Jewish actress Katharina Hedwig Pringsheim married author Thomas Mann today.

1905: Pope Pius X publishes the encyclical Vehementer nos.Vehementer Noswas a papal encyclical by the French law of 1905 providing for the separation of church and state, it denounced the proposition that the state should be separated from the church as "a thesis absolutely false, a most pernicious error". It is safe to assume that what Pius really meant was that there could be no separation of state from the Catholic Church since he only recognized the validity of the Catholic Church. His view towards Jews can be seen in his response to Herzl’s 1904 request for Papal support for a Jewish homeland in Palestine Pius X responded: We are unable to favor this movement …. The Jews have not recognized our Lord; therefore, we cannot recognize the Jewish people.”

1906: “Israel’s Lost Tribes Again Found” published today examined the question of whether or not “the Japanese the descendants of the lost tribes of Israel”

1906: It was reported today that Jewish refugees were among the 7,000 men being employed to shovel snow today in New York City following yesterday’s storm.

1907: Birthdate of Fred Saidy the Los Angeles born scriptwriter and father of “chess master Anthony Saidy.”

1907: The Federation of American Zionists is scheduled to host a banquet this evening at the Vienna Hall in honor of Dr. Shmaryahu Lewin.

1909: Birthdate of writer and movie director Joseph L Mankiewicz

1909: Birthdate of Leslie Lazarus Paisner the London born solicitor who founded Paisner & Co a forerunner of the international law firm Berwin Leighton Paisner and whose Jewish communal activities included serving “on the Board of Governors of the Central Synagogue and a member of the Coucnil of the United Synagogue.”

1909: Birthdate of Max Baer, American boxer.  Baer was a heavyweight fighter who knocked out Max Schmeling, the German champion and symbol of Hitler's Germany, in 1933.  Baer had a Mogen David sown on his shorts.  However, he may really not have been Jewish.  According to some, his mother was a Christian and his father was only "a nominal Jew."  For more on the subject of Max Baer, and Jews in sports, you might want to read Ellis Island to Ebbets Field.

1910: The Turkish Council of State approves statutes, which will allow a Jewish bank to be opened in Salonica.

1910 (2nd of Adar I, 5670): Moshe Leib Lilienblum, Russian born scholar, teacher and philosopher passed away. Following the pogroms that began in 1881, Lilienblum took the unusual stance, for an Orthodox rabbi, of supporting the settlement of Palestine by the Jewish people as the only realistic course of action if Jews were ever to be safe.  This is yet another example of Zionism that pre-dated Herzl.

1911(13th of Shevat, 5671): Baron Albert von Rothschild of the Austrian branch of the House of Rothschild passed away at age 66.

1912(23rd of Shevat, 5672): Fifty-six year old Washington Seligman, the “son of James Seligman who founded the banking firm of J&W Seligiman & Co and brother of Mrs. Benjamin Guggenhieim and Jefferson and De Witt Seligman” took his own life today.  He left a note saying “I am tired of being sick all my life” – a reference to the illnesses that he has confronted over the last quarter of a century.

1914(15th of Shevat, 5674): Tu B’Shevat celebrated for the last time before the start of World War I which opened a four decades of world-wide cataclysm

1914: Menucha and R’Shneur Zalman gave birth to Rabbi Yisroel Shimon Kalmanson.

1914: Herbert Louis Samuel, 1st Viscount Samuel completed his first term as Post-Master General in the cabinet of Prime Minister Asquith.

1914: Twenty-three year old Barney Sedran led the Utica Indians in the championship game of the New York State (basketball) League.

1914: In Swansea, Louis Levy and Have Levy (née Rubenstein) gave birth to writer, critic and art teacher Mervyn Levy.

1915: In New York, Edward Cahn and Martha Esther Cahn, the daughter of Rachel and Moses Isaac Binion, gave birth to Joshua Binion Cahn

1915: As of today the American Jewish Relief Committee has collected $468,792.05

1915: “The prediction that the present war will do away with anti-Semitism altogether in Germany and the assurance that by ‘lessening the power of the nobility and democratizing the people’ it already has removed most of the anti-Semitic prejudices are expressed in a statement given by the German Ambassador, Count von Bernstorff, to Dr. S. Melamed of the New Yorker Staats-Zeitung published in that paper” today.

1915: The Red Cross Fund of which Jacob H. Schiff is the treasurer received an additional $162.50 today bringing the total collections to $457,583.86.

1915: “The Jews in Serbia” published today contains the assessment by Mabel Grouitch, the American born wife of Serbian diplomat Dr. Slavo Grouitch of the Jewish condition in Serbia which she says “is the one country in the world next to England and America where people of the Hebrew race enjoy the fullest of religious and civil rights.

1916: Emma Goldman was arrested for lecturing on birth control

1916: Herbert Louis Samuel, 1st Viscount Samuel completed his second term as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster.  His replacement would be Edwin Samuel Montagu, another prominent member of the Anglo-Jewish community.

1916: In the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Bernard Wetzler set aside “fifty thousand crowns ($10,000) to erect an institute for the study of the technical aspects of problems related to food based on scientific discoveries in chemistry, biology and physiology.”

1917: Four hundred and fifty three delegates attended The Workman’s Convention on Jewish rights meeting at the Forwards Building voted 141 to 127 in favor of a resolution reaffirming their loyalty to the United States but expressing opposition to the United States “becoming involved in the European War.”

1917: Today, Chaim Weizman was elected president of the English Zionist Federation (EZF) and Joseph Cowen and Leopold Kessler began serving on the executive committee.

1917: In Chicago, Natalie Marcus and Ascher “Otto” Schechtel, a jewelry store manager gave birth to Sidney Schechtel who gained fame as author Sidney Shelton wjp won an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay in1947 for writing The Bachelor and the Bobby-Soxer, a Tony Award in1959 for his musical Redhead, and was nominated for an Emmy Award for his work on I Dream of Jeannie, an NBC sitcom. He passed away in 2007 at the age of 89.

1917: At the Halkett Hotel, Jersey, Catherine Jacobs and W.A.R. Hill gave birth to their daughter Elizabeth Annette.

1918: Ronald Storrs, the British governor of Jerusalem, approved a plan put forth by British army engineers designed to alleviate the water shortage in Jerusalem.

1918: Abraham “Shiplacoff and his 9 socialist colleagues in the New York State Assembl refused to support a resolution of admiration for Abraham Lincoln because it included language expressing gratitude for American soldiers fighting in France.

1918: The Joint Distribution Committee of the American Funds for Jewish War Sufferers met today in the home of its chairman Felix M. Warburg where Dr. Boris D. Bogen and Max Senior, the committee’s representatives who had just returned from a mission to Europe told the committee members “of the arrangements which have been made for the distribution of funds raised in the United for the relief” of Jews in Europe – a task that has been complicated by the fact the United States has gone from the status of neutral to a belligerent on the side of the Allies.

1918: It was reported today that “the Maskel-el-Dol” a relief society on the east side of New York City, “intends to distribute about 75,000 pounds of the mutton to the poor” prior to Passover “including shipments which the society will make to various” camps where Jewish soldiers are stationed.

1919: Clarence Eiseman of Washington, DC, married Jennie Ruth Rice, the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Solomon Rice of Chicago, Illinois.

1919: Frank Meyer, the husband of the late Helen Meyer, and father of Mrs. Ruth K. Marks and Will, Flora, Sam and Frank Meyer is scheduled to be laid to rest this morning at Shomar Hadash Cemetery.

1920: Birthdate of King Farouk I, the last king of Egypt, who led Egypt into its ill-fated war with Israel in 1948.  There are those who say that if Egypt had refused to join the other Arab states, there would never have been a war in 1948.  When Farouk was ousted in 1952, the Israelis thought the new reform government would want to end hostilities.  Unfortunately, the leader of the “Colonel’s Revolt,” Nasser, made destroying Israel the rallying cry for his Pan-Arab Movement.

1921: On Friday evening. Congregation Shaaray Tefila is scheduled to begin a celebration of the 75th anniversary of its incorporation

1925: The White Star liner Olympic with Chiam Weizmann and Bernard Rosenblatt on board, arrived today from Southampton and Cherbourg twenty-four hours late because of the fog off the American coast.

1926: It was reported today that nearly a thousand people had been turned away from a speech given by Chairm Nachman Bialik, because all four thousand seats at the Mecca Temple had been sold at event designed to raise funds for the United Palestine Appeal.

1927(10th of Adar): Fifty-eight year old Composer Joel Engel passed away. Born at Berdyansk in 1868 he moved from Berlin to Palestine where he became “"the true founding father of the modern renascence of Jewish music."

1928: The II Olympic Winter Games where skater Irving Jaffee “had the best time in the Olympic 10,000 before the ice softened” opened today at St. Mortiz.

1929: Dedication of the Nathan and Lina Straus Health and Welfare Center in Jerusalem.

1929: “Pope Pius XI signs a Concordat and Lateran Treaty with fascist Italian leader Benito Mussolini. The pope agrees to discriminate against Jews and Protestants while gaining the assurance that Catholicism would remain the sole and official religion of Italy.”  (Pious was, if anything, not consistent in this matter.  Later he would condemn fascism and racism and support efforts to rescue Jews.)

 1929: Sixty-six year old Frank Putnam Flint, the California Senator who has represented “a committee which petitioned for the commutation of Leo M. Frank’s death sentence” passed away today.

1932: Birthdate of pianist Jerome Lowenthal.

1933: The national conservative German National People's Party (DNVP)together with the Stahlhelm and the Agricultural League today once again formed a united Kampffront Schwarz-Weiß-Rot ("Struggle Front Black-White-Red" named after the colours of the German Empire) in an attempt to counter the Nazis which had outsmarted them during their march to power.

1935: Birthdate of Emanuel Zisman the native of Bulgaria who made Aliyah in 1949 and returned to his native land as Israel’s Ambassador to Bulgaria in 2000.

1936: Eighty-four year old William “Coin” Harvey author of the novel A Tale of Two Nations, “the most notable example of Populist anti-Semitism” passed away today.

1936: In Washington, DC, Aaron Jacobson and Victoria Peyser gave birth to William Peyser “Bill” Jacobson the husband of Barbara Johnson and the father of Michael Peyser Jacobson and Stacy Ann Jacobson.

1936: Richard Tucker married Sarah Perelmuth, the only daughter of Levi and Perelmuth who were also the parents of Yakob Perelemtuh who would gain fame as Jan Peerce.

1936: “According to well-informed” sources at least 150 Catholics “including priests and layman” were arrested today by the secret police in “long-simmering conflict between the National Socialist State and the Catholic Church” over who will have control over nation’s youth and young people.

1936: Today, “at noon, Adolf Hitler assembled 25,000 of his oldest stormtroop comrades in the Lustgarten in Berlin” as part of national celebration marking “the third anniversary of National Socialism’s accession to power in 1933.”

1936: “Charles David Isaacson, the writer on music, director of thousands of free concerts in the metropolitan area and former opera impresario and radio director” who has been ill for several weeks “as a result of complications arising from an affection was transferred from Park West Hospital” to Bellevue thanks to the intervention of Mayor La Guardia – an intervention would not save his life since he passed away four days later.

1937: “Anti-Semitic rioting broke out anew in Warsaw and Vilna Universities today, causing numerous casualties among Jewish students.”

1937: George Gershwin performed his Piano Concerto in F in a special concert of his music with the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra under the direction of French maestro Pierre Monteux” during which he “suffered coordination problems and blackouts during the performance” which were symptomatic of the brain tumor that would claim his life a few months later in June of 1937.

1938: As the German government “denied…that there had been disorders or disturbances of a civilian or military nature in Germany,” Dr. Joseph Goebbels had a meeting of foreign journalist at the Propaganda Ministry where he described these reports as “a grotesque atrocity campaign organized by Jewish circles in Poland.”

1938: “Rumania’s new dictatorship” led by Patriarch Miron Cristea, the Premier who is anti-Semitic “lost no time in getting into its stride with measures of absolutism.”

1938: In Danzig, “the police confiscated copies of fourteen newspapers” including “four Polish-Jewish newspapers” “for spreading the most nonsensical reports about Germany.”

1938: The Palestine Post reported that an agreement was signed in Geneva providing for the status of German refugees who were to be furnished with travel documents, resembling Nansen passports, allowing them to work in the countries where they had been living for more than five years.

1938: The Palestine Post published a special Reporter's Report, a reproduction of a broadcast made on the Palestine Radio by Gershon Agron, the founder and editor of this newspaper, on the tragic situation of Jews in Romania where an authoritarian, anti-Semitic regime was deeply entrenched and had the solid backing of the king.

1939: Birthdate of Gerald “Gerry” Goffin the American lyricist and husband of Carole King.

1939:  Physicist Lise Meitner and her nephew Otto Fritisch published a paper on nuclear fission in the hour “Nature.”  Her work contributed to the development of the atomic bomb. Meitner was the daughter of a Viennese Jewish family.

1940: Norma Shapiro, the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Shapiro of the Bronx married Dr. Samuel Slovak today.

1940: Mr. and Mrs. Nathan Schoenfeld of New York City announced the marriage of their daughter Lillian “to Dr. Aron Horn, the son of Mr. and Mrs. Gustav Horn of Tel Aviv.

1940: Rabbi Samuel H. Goldenson is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “The Religion of Abraham Lincoln” at Temple Emanu-El

1940: James Waterman Wise, a research consultant of the Council Against Intolerance in America is scheduled to deliver an address at the Free Synagogue worshipping at Carnegie Hall on “Coughlin or Lincoln – America Must Choose.”

1941: Birthdate of Avraham Hirchson, an Israeli politician who served as a member of the Knesset for Likud and Kadima between 1981 and 1984, and again from 1992 until 2009. “He also held the posts of Minister of Communications, Minister of Finance and Minister of Tourism. He resigned following allegations of corruption, and was ultimately convicted of stealing close to 2 million shekels from the National Workers Labor Federation while he was its chairman.”

1941: A pitched-street battle took placed between the NSB, a pro-Nazi Dutch movement and Jewish self-defense groups on the Waterloopein, a square in the center of Amsterdam.

1942 (24th of Shevat, 5702): Flight Lieutenant Michael Weizmann of the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve, the 25 year old son of Chaim Weizmann, was shot down over the Bay of Biscay.  His body was never found.

1943(6th of Adar I, 5703): Sixty-seven year old Bess Houdini, the widow of Harry Houdini suffered a heart attack and passed away today in Needles, CA while aboard an eastbound train traveling from Los Angeles to New York City.

1943: The Nazis deported 123 children under the age of twelve without their parents from Paris to the chambers of Birkenau.

1944(17th of Shevat, 5704): Thirty eight year old German national Leo Speyer, the son of Flora and Isaac Alfred Speier, the husband of Elize Nanette “Nanny” Speyer and the father of Isaac Alfred Speyer was murdered at Auschwitz today.

1944: “The Bridge of San Luis Rey” the movie version of the novel by the same name featuring an Academy Award Nominated original score by Dimitri Tiomkin was released in the United States today.

1947: Following the insistence of The American League for a Free Palestine, today “for the first time in the history of the State of Maryland negroes were permitted to attend the legitimate theatre without discrimination…when the Maryland Theatre sold orchestra and box seats to ‘A Flag is Born’ to anyone who asked for them without reference to race or color.”

1947: Birthdate of Derek Victor Shulman, the native of Glasgow, the lead vocalist for the band Gentile Giant which included his brothers Phil and Ray, who became a Scottish musician and singer, multi-instrumentalist, and record executive.

1947: Birthdate of Toronto native Abigail Hoffman, the medal winning track and field star who was Canada's flag-bearer at the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal

1948: Birthdate of Dr. Arthur Gould Schatzkin, “an epidemiologist whose investigations into the connections between diet and cancer yielded new analytic tools and led to the discovery that eating fiber did not prevent the recurrence of polyps in the colon.” (As reported by Douglas Martin)

1948(1st of Adar I, 5708): Russian film director Sergei Eisenstein passed away.

1948(1st of Adar I, 5708): Sir Isaac Alfred Isaacs GCB GCMG QC passed away, Born in 1855, the son of Jewish immigrants from Poland, he was an “Australian judge and politician, the third Chief Justice of Australia, ninth Governor-General of Australia and the first born in Australia to occupy that post. He is the only person ever to have held both positions of Chief Justice of Australia and Governor-General of Australia. He also was an anti-Zionist.

1948: Oral arguments in the case of U.S. v Paramount Pictures, Inc, which had begun on February 9 came to a close.

1950: After more than a month, “I Can Dream, Can’t I?” written by Sammy Fain and with lyrics by Irving Kahal was still the number on song on the Cash Box Best Sellers List.

1952(15th of Shevat, 5712): Tu B’Shevat is observed for the last time under the Presidency of Harry S. Truman.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that 19 persons were detained in Tel Aviv in an intense hunt for culprits responsible for the bombing of the Soviet Legation.

1953: The Soviet Union broke diplomatic relations with Israel.  The Soviet Union competed with the United States to be the first to recognize the fledgling state of Israel in 1948.  Stalin hoped the new Jewish state would help to undermine the power of the British Empire in particular and Western democracy in general.  Also, there were some in the Soviet Union who thought that Israel's socialists would lead the new nation into the Eastern Bloc.  Since nobody really can say with total certainty what propelled Stalin and his associates behavior, we can only assume that the decision to break relations in 1953 was a combination of the anti-Semitism which was running rampant in the Soviet Union and/or the realization that the Arabs and not the Israelis would be a better foil to foster Soviet imperialism in the Middle East.

1953:  President Eisenhower refused clemency appeal for convicted spies, Ethel and Julius Rosenberg

1954: Simon Attali, is a self-educated person who achieved success in perfumery in Algiers and his wife Fernande Abécassis gave birth to Jacques Attali’s sister, Fabienne

1958: Seventy-year old Alfred Ernest Jones a British neurologist who was the first the first English-speaking practitioner of psychoanalysis and Sigmund Freud’s biographer passed away. In 1919 he found marital bliss when he wed Katherine Jokl “a Jewish economics graduate from Moravia” who had been a classmate of Freud’s daughters.

1958(21st of Shevat, 5718): Terrorists killed a resident of moshav Yanov who was on his way to Kfar Yona, in the Sharon area.

1960: “Once More, with Feeling!” a comedy directed and produced by Stanley Donen, written by Harvey Kurnitz and co-starring Gregory Ratoff was released today in the United Kingdom.

1960(13th of Shevat, 5720): Victor Klemperer passed away.  Born in 1881, he “was a businessman, journalist and eventually a Professor of Literature, specializing in the French Enlightenment at the Technische Universität Dresden. His diaries detailing his life, successively, in the German Empire, the Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany and in the German Democratic Republic were published in 1995.”

1961: The trial of Adolf Eichmann began in Jerusalem.

1962: In Madison, WI, the former Pamela Green and Joseph Edward Baldwin gave birth Senator Tammy Suzanne Green Baldwin whose maternal grandfather was Jewish biochemist David E. Green.

1963: “Hot Spot,” a Stephen Sondheim musical began tryouts today at the National Theatre in Washington, DC.

1964: “The Passion of Josef D” a play written and directed by Paddy Chayefsky starring Luther Adler and Peter Falk and featuring Milt Kamen in his Broadway debut opened in New York today.

1968: Border fighting broke out between Israeli and Jordanian forces.

1968: “Charlie Bubbles” a British comedy filmed by cinematographer Peter Suschitzky was released in the United States today.

1968: “Funeral services were held today” in New York for 75 year old Dr. William F. Rosenblum who had served Temple Israel for the thirty years and was active in interfaith efforts designed to improve relations between Christians in the years following WW II.

1970: In a sign of how the “poor food of eastern European Jewish immigrants” has become chic and trendy, bagels, seedless light rye and “a new marbled bread combining twists of black and regular pumpernickels  are among 113 different varieties of breads, from nine Old-World-Style bakers, at Bloomingdale's Bread Basket, which opens today in the delicacies department.

1975: “Shampoo” a comedy co-starring Goldie Hawn and Lee Grant with music by Paul Simon was released in the United States today.

1975: When asked in Parliament by a National Party MP if he supported Enthoven's liberal positions, Harry Schwarz replied "I make no secret of it. I am my brother's keeper".

1976: “Gable and Lombard” a biopic featuring Allen Garfield, Red Buttons and Melanie Mayron was released today in New York City.

1976 (10th of Adar I, 5736): Actor Lee J Cobb passed away at the age of 64.  Some of Cobb’s most famous roles were in 12 Angry Men, On the Waterfront and Death of a Salesman.

1976: Adlene Harrison became the first Jewish female mayor of a major American city when she was appointed mayor of Dallas.

1978: “Lemon Popsicle” a comedy “co-written and directed by Boaz Davidson” was released in Israel today.

1979: Under the leadership of Ayatollah Ruhollah Shah Muhammad Reza Pahlavi is swept from power with the success of the Islamic Revolution. Khomeini. When Shah Muhammad Reza Pahlavi held power, Iran was the world's biggest buyer of Israeli arms. The Islamic fundamentalist government which succeeded the Shah militantly damned Zionism up and down and hung a prominent Iranian Jew for "spying for Israel." In 1980, however, when the Iraq-Iran war began, Iranian representatives met in Paris with Israel's deputy defense minister and worked out a "Jews for arms" deal. Iran permitted Jews to emigrate and Israel sold Iran ammunition and spare parts for Chieftain Tanks and US-made F-4 Phantom aircraft. Channeled through a private Israeli arms dealer, this particular agreement appropriately ended in 1984, when Iran was slow in paying its bills.  At the same time, under the Ayatollah and his successors, Iran would arm and train Hezbollah fighters in Lebanon.  Nothing is ever straight forward in the swirl of the Middle East.

1979: “They're Playing Our Song,’ “a musical with a book by Neil Simon, lyrics by Carole Bayer Sager, and music by Marvin Hamlisch’ opened on Broadway at the Imperial Theatre.

1981: Birthdate of Michael Andrew “Mike” Seidman who played tight end for UCLA, the Carolina Panthers and Indianapolis Colts.

1982: After a premiere in San Francisco, and a preview in New York City, “One from the Heart” featuring Allen Garfield was released in the United States today.

1982: “Several Moscow activists were summoned to the KGB, police, or CPSU Central Committee and warned that they must halt Hebrew studies.”

1986:  Having been released from imprisonment by the USSR, Anatoly Sharansky leaves the country and begins his journey to Israel.

1988(22nd of Shevat, 5748): Rabbi Israel Raphael Margolies, “who spoke out on a variety of social issues and was a longtime civil rights advocate, died of complications from hypoglycemia” at his home in Teaneck, N.J. at the age of 72. Rabbi Margolies grew up in the Williamsburg and Crown Heights sections of Brooklyn and graduated from the Jewish Institute of Religion in Manhattan, a seminary for the education of conservative and reform rabbis He served at Temple Emanu-el in Engelwood, N.J., from 1937 until 1953 and at Beth Am The People's Temple in Manhattan, from 1953 to 1981 From his pulpit, Rabbi Margolies frequently called for equality for minority group members and for women. He was a supporter of the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and once marched alongside him in a civil rights parade in Englewood Rabbi Margolies was often quoted for his opposition to the Vietnam War and for his belief in peaceful protest, and he was a founding member of the New Jersey chapter of SANE, a Washington-based organization that opposes nuclear weapons.”

1989 (6 Adar I):Rabbi Shmaryahu Gurary ("Rashag") passed away. He was born in 1898. His father, a wealthy businessman and erudite scholar, was a leading Chassid of the fifth Lubavitcher Rebbe, Rabbi Sholom DovBer Schneersohn. In 1921, Rabbi Shmaryahu wed Chanah Schneersohn, the oldest daughter of the 6th Lubavitcher Rebbe, Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak Schneersohn. When Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak passed away in 1950, there were those who saw Rabbi Shmaryahu -- an accomplished Chassidic scholar and the elder of the Rebbe's two surviving sons-in-law -- as the natural candidate to head of the movement; but when the younger son-in-law, Rabbi Menachem Mendel, was chosen as Rebbe, Rabbi Shmaryahu became his devoted Chassid. Rabbi Shmaryahu served as the executive director of Tomchei Temimim, the world-wide Lubavitch yeshiva system -- a task entrusted to him by his father-in-law -- until his passing on the 6th of Adar I in 1989.

1991: Israel's Defense Minister, Moshe Arens, in a hastily arranged one-day visit to Washington, told President Bush today that Israel was suffering heavy "destruction" from Iraqi missile attacks and that its willingness to refrain from retaliating was wearing thin.

1991: This evening Iraq fired a scud aimed at Tel Aviv. It was the 12th attack against Israel since the start of the Persian Gulf War.  Debris from the attack appeared to fall harmlessly in an unpopulated area causing no injuries or property damage.

1993: The Oslo Talks, which were being conducted in strictest secrecy, were resumed for another two days.  Yossi Beilin sent Dr. Ron Pundak and Dr. Yair Hirschfeld  “to a second round of talks at Sarpsbourg, Norway.

1994(30th of Shevat, 5754): Rosh Chodesh Adar

1994: Sheldon Silver assumed office as the 119th Speaker of the New York State Assembly.

1995(11th of Adar I, 5755): Eighty-eight year old Irving Loeb Goldberg, the U.T. and Harvard Law School grad who was appointed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit by Lyndon Johnson passed away today.

2000: “The End of the Affair” the movie version of the novel by the same name featuring Jason Isaacs and with music by Michael Nyman was released in the United Kingdom today two days after premiering in the United States.

2001(17th of Shevat, 5761): Screenwriter, author and producer Sy Gomberg passed away at the age of 82. Born in New York City, he received an Oscar Nomination in 1951 for the script he wrote for “When Willie Comes Marching Home.” He also wrote and produced “The Law and Mr. Jones,” a legal sit-com in the 1960’s. Gomberg organized a Hollywood contingent to march with Dr. Martin Luther King during the Civil Rights protests. 

2001: The Chicago Tribune published “Holocaust Suit, Book Claim IBM Aided Nazis.”

2001: In “IBM Technology Aided Holocaust, Author Alleges” published today Michael Dobbs describes the efforts of Edwin Black to connect IBM to the Final Solution in IBM and the Holocaust

2002: Israel attacked Palestinian security headquarters in Gaza City in response to unprecedented Palestinian rocket fire and a shooting attack on Israeli civilians.

2002: French premiere of The Heidi Chronicles a made-for-television film by Wendy Wasserstein based on her play of the same name.

2004: In what may be an explanation for the poverty suffered by Palestinians, “French prosecutors reveal that they had opened a money-laundering probe into the transfers of millions of dollars to accounts held by Suha Arafat, the wife of Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat. It had been discovered that nearly $1.27 million had been transferred with some regularity from Switzerland to Mrs. Arafat's accounts in Paris.”

2005:  The Cedar Rapids Gazette reported that playwright Arthur Miller had passed away on February 10 at the age of 89.  The Gazette, along with several other newspapers, was able to report on the life of this famous dramatist without once mentioning that he was Jewish.  This despite the fact that one of Miller's first dramatic works dealt with the topic of anti-Semitism and that Marilyn Monroe converted to Judaism when she married Miller.  (They always mention the Monroe part.)

2005:“The Merchant of Venice” directed by Michael Radford who “believed that Shylock was Shakespeare's first great tragic hero” and which “begins with text and a montage of how the Jewish community is abused by the Christian population” was released today in the Italy weeks after opening in the United Kingdom and the United States.

2005: Founding of Autism Speaks an “advocacy group that sponsors autism research and conducts awareness and outreach activites” whose “national celebrity spokesperson is Didi Cohn whose son “was diagnosed with autism.”

2006(13th of Shevat, 5766): Parashat Beshalach

2006: Seventy-seven year old Prime Minister Ariel Sharon, who “has been in a comma since suffering a major stroke” in January “underwent emergency surgery on his large intestine today at Ein Kerem Hospital and emerged in stable condition2007: The synagogue of the Chachmei Lublin Yeshiva “the first to be entirely renovated by the Jewish community of Poland since World War II, was reopened” today.

2007: Woodwind player Ned Rothenberg, whose newest release is “Inner Diaspora,” on the Tzadik label, performs at the New Art Center in Newtonville, Massachusetts.

2007: The Sunday Washington Post book section features a review of Arianna Franklin’s A Mistress of the Art of Death, a novel set in Medieval Cambridge where the Jews are accused of killing Christian children and an Italian female doctor must discover the truth.

2007: “Wonder Wheel” recorded by the Klexmatics competed for a Grammy for best world of music album.

2007: “Flawless” a crime movie directed by Michael Radford premiered in Germany today.

2007: The Global Forum for Combating Anti-Semitism is scheduled to convene today with an address by the Foreign Minister in the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Jerusalem.

2008 (5th of Adar I, 5768): Eighty-year old Tom Lantos the only Holocaust Survivor to serve in the U.S. House of Representatives passed away. (As reported by David Herszenhorn)

2008: The 12thNew York Sephardic Jewish Festival continues with showings of “Mortgage” (Mashkanta)followed by the New York premiere of “Black Over White.”

2009: Tel Aviv born magician Uri Geller “purchased the uninhabited 100-meter-by-50-meter Lamb Island off the eastern coast of Scotland, previously known for its witch trials, and beaches that Robert Louis Stevenson is said to have described in his novel Treasure Island”

2009: The Department of Academic Affairs offers an exclusive seminar with Dr. Asher Susser, past director and senior researcher at the Moshe Dayan Center for Middle Eastern Studies at Tel Aviv University.

2009: Gaza terrorists fired three mortar shells at the Eshkol region

 2009:Jewish students at York University in Toronto were forced to take refuge in the Hillel office tonight as anti-Israel protesters banged on the glass doors, chanting, "Die, bitch, go back to Israel," and "Die, Jew, get the hell off campus."

2010: The first class of the David Project which is designed to educate and equip people with knowledge about the Arab/Israeli conflict is scheduled to begin at Beit Shalom Synagogue, the Jewish Congregation of Maui.

2010: An exhibition entitled “Our Struggle: Responding to Mein Kampf” opened today at the Contemporary Jewish Museum of San Francisco.

2010: The 14thNew York Jewish Sephardic Festival is scheduled to come to an end with New York premiere of “Children of the Bible,” a film about the “complex situations facing Ethiopian-Israeli youth.”

2010: Ihad Khatib, the IDF officer who was stabbed to death yesterday by a member of the Palestinian Authority, was laid to rest in his Druze community of Maghar today. Khatib, 28, a non-commissioned logistics officer in the elite Kfir Brigade, was attacked at Tapuach Junction, south of Nablus. Hundreds of people attended the funereal, including Major Tomer Levi, Khatib's direct commander, as well as the commander of the Kfir Brigade, Colonel Oren Abman.

2010: After a media blackout was lifted today, the defense establishment revealed that the IDF and Shin Bet (Israel Security Agency) had foiled a Hamas attempt to kidnap an IDF soldier in December, 2009 when five Hamas men were arrested while trying to infiltrate Israel from Egypt, carrying explosives, a gun, a silencer and $15,000 in counterfeit bills, according to the announcement. 

2011(7th of Adar I, 5771): Ninety-two year old Roy Gussow, an abstract sculptor whose polished stainless-steel works with swooping contours gleam in public squares and corporate spaces, died today in Queens. (As reported by Dennis Hevesi)

2011: Release date for “Just Go with It” with a screenplay co-authored by Allan Loeb starring Alan Sandler who also co-produced this remake I.A.L. Diamond’s “Cactus Flower.”

2011: “Surviving Hitler: A Love Story” and “Ingelore” are two documentaries scheduled to be shown at The Atlanta Jewish Film Festival.

2011: “Inventing Our Life: The Kibbutz Experiment” is scheduled to be shown at the 21stAnnual San Diego Jewish Film Festival.

2011: Temple Judah is scheduled to host a Musical Shabbat in Cedar Rapids, IA.

2011: “It was announced today that Michael Rosenbaum would return to ‘Smallville’ for the two hour-series finale which” was broadcast later in the year.

2011: In initial statements, Jewish groups congratulated Egyptians on ousting Hosni Mubarak today and expressed hope for continued peace with Israel.

 2011: “Never Let Me Go” a movie based on the novel of the same name co-starring Andrew Garfield was released in the United Kingdom today.

2011: The last in a series of three concerts featuring the works of John Cage and Morton Feldman took place at Carnegie Hall. They were a unique duo – a Jew from New York a California transplant who dabbled in all sorts of eastern religions.

2011: U.S. premiere of ‘Just Go With It” a comedy produced by and starring Adam Sandler based on I.A.L. Diamond and Abe Burrows’ “Cactus Flower” with a script by Allan Loeb.

2012: In Olney, MD, Shaare Tefila Congregation is scheduled to host a Community Erev Shira in Celebration of Tu B’Shevat.

2012: The Anat Cohen Quartet, featuring works by Israeli woodwind virtuoso Anat Cohen, is scheduled to make its debut performance at Columbia University’s Miller Theatre in New York City.

2012: IAF aircraft struck four terror targets in the Gaza Strip tonight, in response to a Kassam rocket that was fired from Gaza a few hours earlier at the Eskol Council area.

 2012(18thof Shevat, 5772): Medal of Courage winner Aharon Davidi a sabra who began fighting for Israel in IDF and after retiring as a General in 1970 held several different positions including serving as the first director of Sar-El (Service for Israel) passed away today.

2012: As the body count rises in Syria, a group of activists held a candlelight vigil tonight outside the Russian embassy in Tel Aviv to protest Moscow’s defense of Syrian President Bashar Assad’s regime.

2013: Temple Shaaray Tefila is scheduled to host “The Feminine Face of Spirituality” which will explore essays and poetry that will help to “reveal the feminine voice (bat kol) embedded in Jewish traction.” 

2013: Speaking in the Knesset for the first time since becoming an MK, Yesh Atid head Yair Lapid lambasted the ultra-Orthodox community, saying the country’s Haredi minority can’t hold the rest of the country hostage.

2013(1st of Adar, 5773): Rosh Chodesh Adar

2013: Four veterans of the battle for Jerusalem ensured a monthly female prayer service, complete with prayer shawls, went ahead undisturbed at the Western Wall for the first time in 24 years. Then the former fighters departed, and the women were arrested (As reported by Mitch Ginsburg)

2014: The Skirball Center for Adult Jewish Learning at Temple Emanu-El is scheduled another lecture by Dr. Daniel Rynhold on “Rav Kook and the Heroism of the Holy.

2014: “Aftermath” and “Brave Miss World” are scheduled to be shown at the San Diego Center for Jewish Culture’s 24th annual Jewish Film Festival.

2014: The Jewish Museum is scheduled to host “Masterpieces & Curiosities: A Medieval Aquamanile.

2014: Today Natalie Portman was in Jerusalem’s Nahlaot neighborhood directed a scene from “A Tale of Love and Darkness” which is an adaptation of “an autobiographical novel by Amos Oz.”

2014: “The president of the largest Reform Jewish organization in the world welcomed MK David Rotem’s full apology for reportedly saying the movement is “not Jewish.”

2014: “The filming of “A Tale of Love and Darkness,” based on the book by Israeli author Amos Oz, began today in the Nahalot neighborhood. Portman, who appears as Oz’s mother, is making her debut as a director.” (As reported by JTA)

2014: “The Jerusalem District Court granted Hadassah hospitals’ request for a stay of proceedings today, temporarily protecting them from creditors, and appointed two trustees to formulate a rehabilitation plan for the hospitals, which are currently struggling with a deficit of NIS 1.7 billion ($482 million.” (As reported by Spencer Ho)

2014: “Scientists from the Technion and Hebrew University are this year’s winners of the Rappaport Prize for Excellence in Biomedical Research, given out by the Technion’s Rappaport Institute. Prof. Yair Reisner of the Weizmann Institute of Science will be recognized for his work in bone marrow transplant therapy, while Dr. Yaakov Nahmias of Hebrew University will receive the award for identifying a grapefruit molecule that can block viruses.” (As reported by David Shamah)

2014: “The Israeli Air Force attacked targets in the Gaza Strip overnight after two rockets launched from the Hamas-controlled territory landed in the southern part of the country earlier in the day.”

2015(22nd of Shevat, 5775): Seventy-three year old CBS newsman Robert David “Bob” Simon died today as the result of a car crash.

2015: Gail Sherman, Professor of English and Humanities at Reed College, is scheduled to lead a discussion about Nathan Englander's powerful short story, What We Talk About when We Talk About Anne Frank at the Oregon Jewish Museum and Center for Holocaust Education

2015: Today, in an interview with JTA, Sammy Ghozlan, founder of the National Bureau for Vigilance Against Anti-Semitism, or BNVCA, and a former police commissioner, spoke out against President Obama’s assertion that the attack on a Kosher market in Paris was “random” rather than “anti-Semitic.”

2015: Lucinda Franks, the first woman to win the Pulitzer Prize and the widow of Robert Morgenthau, is scheduled to speak about TIMELESS: Love, Morgenthau and Me

2015: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to host “Joseph Bau; From Schindler’s List to Syria.”

2015: In London, Ben Quash, Professor of Christianity and the Arts at King's College, London, is scheduled to speak about Love in the context of the current exhibition “Your Jewish Museum: Love.”

2016: The Jewish Museum is scheduled to host an Adult Studio Workshop where attendees will “explore a range of avant-garde aesthetics and photographic techniques inspired by the exhibition ‘The Power of Pictures: Early Soviet Photography, Early Soviet Film.’”

2016: The world of astronomy was electrified today when scientist said “they have finally glimpsed the first direct evidence of gravitational waves, or ripples in space-time, which Albert Einstein predicted a century ago.”

2016: Police in Columbus, Ohio shot and killed a man who stormed into an Israeli-owned restaurant wielding a machete and randomly attacking people as they sat unsuspectingly at their dinner tables this evening

2016: “The Law” a film that “chronicles the 1974-1975 efforts of Simone Veil, French Minister of Health appointed by President Valéry Giscard d’Estang, to legalize abortion in France” is scheduled to be shown for the first time in San Diego today at the 26th Annual Jewish Film Festival.

2017(15th of Shevat, 5777): Shabbat Shirah and Tu B’Shevat; Parashat Beshalach

2017(15th of Shevat, 5777): Eight-seven year old Harvey Lichtenstein who devoted much of his life to making the Brooklyn Academy of Music into a major cultural force passed away today.

2017(15th of Shevat, 5777): Ninety-three year old Warsaw native Abba Tour, the Technion engineering student who helped start the IDF and was the “engineer of choice” for such archeticural giants as Leo Kahn, passed away today.

2017: Today, The Wall Street Journal described Gary Cohn as an "economic-policy powerhouse" and The New York Times“called him Trump's "go-to figure on matters related to jobs, business and growth".

2017: Following Shabbat morning services and a luncheon, the chaplains of the Oxford University Jewish Society are scheduled to lead a Walking Tour of Jewish Oxford and a “short learning session on Tu B’Shevat” as part of Parents’ Shabbat.

2017: “Berlin to Broadway with Kurt Weill: A Musical Voyage,” “a joyous and moving celebration of Kurt Weill, a cantor's son and one of the most extraordinary composers of the twentieth century” is scheduled to open in New York.

2018:”The Jewish Silk, a tour of the Bukharin Community in Rego Park that will provide an opportunity to “learn about the Jewish community that lived for over 2000 years on the Silk Road in cities such as Samarkand, Dunshabe and Tashkent” and that now has “resettled in large diasporic enclaves in Queens and Israel, where  community members continue to preserve unique Central Asian traditions while creating one of New York's most vibrant contemporary Jewish communities is scheduled to begin this morning at the Bukharin Jewish Community Center.

2018: JW3 is scheduled to present the initial London screening of the award winning film “Scaffolding” today

2018: The Illinois Holocaust Museum and Education Center is scheduled to host a screening of “Besa: The Promise” which “tells the story of the Muslim men and women of Albania who saved the lives of nearly 2,000 Jews during World War II.”

2018: “Rosenwald: The Remarkable Story of a Jewish Partnership with African American Communities, is scheduled to be screened at the Wayne Theatre in Waynesboro, VA.

 

 

This Day, February 12, In Jewish History by Mitchell A. Levin

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February 12

 553: Byzantine Emperor Justinian ordered the public reading of the Greek translation to Parshat Hashavuah (weekly Torah portion) on Shabbat morning and prohibited Rabbis from giving drashot on the Torah portion.

1049: Beginning of the papacy of Leo IX, one of the major players in the creation of the Schism of 1054 that would result in the official split of Christianity into the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches.  Over the next several centuries, Jewish communities would get caught in the cross-fire between these completing Christian sects resulting in death and destruction.  One example was the Great Cossack Uprising that would pit Eastern Orthodox Ukrainians against their Polish Catholic masters.  The worst example is World War I which started, in part, when the Tsar saw himself as the protector of the Serbs who were Orthodox against the Austrians who were Roman Catholics.

1130: Innocent II was elected Pope. He presided over the Second Council of the Latern which did not issue any canons aimed at the Jews.  But it did issue one that forbade Christians from lending money for interest which would have a long-range impact on the Jews.

1481: The first Auto de Fe took place in Seville, Spain. Six Morrano men and six women were burned for allegedly practicing Judaism. These practices could include not eating pig - for whatever reason, washing hands before prayer, changing clothes on the Sabbath, etc. Over two thousand Inquisitions are said to have taken place in the Iberian Peninsula and its colonies. The number of victims in Spain alone is estimated at 39,912.

1486: Over 750 people would be mandated to participate on this very cold day as prisoners in an auto-de-fe in Toledo. They were forced to march barefooted and bareheaded through the streets. Many people came from the countryside to howl and scorn at the prisoners. Among some of the many stipulations of punishment, was the fining of 1/5 of their property, to which the funds went to battle the Muslims in Granada, as well as public self-flagellation over six consecutive Fridays.

1541: Santiago, Chile is founded by Pedro de Valdivia. One of those accompanying de Valdivia was a Converso named Rodrigo de Orgonos. Any “Jews” settling in the lands of the Inquisition would have been Conversos so lineage can be a difficult thing to establish.

1663: Birthdate of Cotton Mather the famous Puritan minister who wanted the Jews to convert to his brand of Christianity but who was not an anti-Semite willing to use secular power to bring this about.

1689: The Declaration of Rights which had been drawn by the Convention Parliament was finalized today.  The Declaration created the legal fiction that would protect the rights of Protestants in England and pave the way for William and Mary to ascend to the throne.  The latter event was in the best interest of England’s fledgling Jewish population.

1699: A committee consisting of António Gomes Serra, Menasseh Mendes, Alfonso Rodrigues, Manuel Nunez Miranda, Andrea Lopez, and Pontaleão Rodriguez signed a contract with Joseph Avis, a Quaker, for the construction of a building that would serve as a new synagogue in London at a cost of £2,750. Avis would later decline to collect his fee, on the ground that it was wrong to profit from building a house of God. In 1698 Rabbi David Nieto had taken charge of a congregation of Spanish and Portuguese Jews or Sephardim who met in a small synagogue in Creechurch Lane. A significant growth in the Jewish community had made it necessary to find larger quarters for the congregation.  The result of this quest was this new construction which would eventually take place on a tract of land at Plough Yard in a section called Bevis Marks; hence the synagogue came to be known as the Bevis Marks Congreaton.

1753: Birthdate Bernhard Eskeles, the Viennese son-in-law of Daniel Itzig who established the banking house of Arnstein and Eskeles with his brother-in-law Nathan Arnstein and who provided financial guidance to “Emperors Joseph II and Francis II.”

1768: In Tuscany Emperor Leopold I and Maria Luisa of Spain gave birth to Frederick II, the last of the Holy Roman Emperors and Fredrick I, the first of the Emperors of Austria.

1737: Prince Carl Alexander, the duke of Württemberg, declared in a decree today "that the privy councillor of finance Joseph Süß Oppenheimer was a faithful servant of his prince and of the state, and was intent in every way upon the welfare of both, for which he deserved the thanks of all. Since instead he was persecuted by envy and ill-will to such an extent that attempts were even made to bring him into disfavor with the duke, the latter accorded him his especial protection and expressly forbade the continuation of such attacks." This was the Duke’s way of protecting Oppenheimer.  The protection would end with the Duke’s death.

1762: In London, Hirschel Levin, the Chief Rabbi of London and his wife gave birth to Solomon Hirschell who served as Chief Rabbi of Great Britain from 1802 until his death in 1842.
https://www.oztorah.com/2010/06/solomon-hirschel-high-priest-of-the-jews/#.WoDD3UxFx9A

1798(26thof Shevat, 5558): Johann Jacob Rabe, who translated both the Babylonian and Jersualem Talmuds into German passed away today.

1800: David Barnard married Rebecca Davids at Portsea, Hampshire, UK.

1804: German philosopher Immanuel Kant passed away. Like many other philosophers of the Enlightenment Kant had less than positive things to say about the Jews. While this should not be the full measure of the man he did “note in a lecture on practical philosophy, ‘Every coward is a liar; Jews for example, not only in business, but also in common life.’"  In “German Idealism and the Jew, Michael Mack, a historian at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, argues there is a deep affinity between modern anti-Semitism and the philosophy of Immanuel Kant, perhaps the greatest thinker to emerge from the Enlightenment.”  According to Mack, “for Kant, motives could only be good if they were not aimed at any material benefit. He saw Judaism as an inherently materialist religion, based upon a quid pro quo between God and His chosen people. In order to fully define the formal structures of his philosophy (autonomy, reason, morality and freedom), Kant almost unconsciously fantasized about the Jews as it’s opposite. He posited Judaism as an abstract principle that does nothing else but, paradoxically, desire the consumption of material goods.”

1806: Phillip Jacobs married Rosetta Hyams today at the Great Synagogue.

1809: Birthdate of Charles Darwin, the naturalist who developed The Theory of Evolution.  For the most part Jewish leaders have been able to harmonize Darwin with the Bible. One of the exceptions is Rabbi Moshe Feinstein who opposed the theory of evolution and issued rulings forbidding the reading of text on evolution

1809: Birthdate of Abraham Lincoln, sixteenth President of the United States. Jews made up a comparatively miniscule part of the American population during the Age of Lincoln.  When Lincoln was born there were approximately seven million people living the United States of whom approximately 2,000 were Jewish. By 1850, when Lincoln’s political career was extremely active, there were approximately 50,000 Jews living among a population of over 23 million Americans.  In Illinois, the Jewish population could not have numbered much more than 200, most of whom lived in Illinois.  By the time Lincoln was elected President, there were approximately 150,000 Jews living among 31,000,000 Americans.  Of the 1,700,000 people living in “the Land of Lincoln,” approximately 1,500 were Jewish.  Given these comparatively miniscule numbers, there was a surprising close connection between Lincoln and the Jewish people on both a personal and communal basis. At the personal level, Abraham Jonas of Quincy, Illinois, the brother of Joseph Jonas, the first Jewish settler of Cincinnati was one of Lincoln’s closest friends and earliest supporters.  According to the City of Quincy Lincoln Bicentennial Commission, Jonas arrived in Quincy I838 and was the town’s first Jewish citizen. The friendship between Jonas and Lincoln began that same year and was to last for the next quarter of a century.  Their personal bond was cemented by a politics when the two served together in the Illinois legislature during the 1840’s. Jonas and Lincoln were early members of the Republican Party and Jonas “handled arrangements for his friend’s arrival for the 1858 Lincoln-Douglas debate in Quincy.”  Jonas and his law partner, Henry Asbury, may have been the first two to “float” Lincoln’s name as Presidential candidate.  When Horace Greely, the powerful New York newspaper publisher spoke in Quincy in December of 1858, the two proposed that the eastern powerbroker might want to consider Lincoln as candidate for the top spot on the Republican ticket in 1860.  Jonas did go to the Republican convention in 1860 where “he worked the floor to help secure the nomination” for his long time personal and political friend. Louis Naphtali Dembitz a twenty-eight year old lawyer, civic leader and prominent member of the Louisville, KY. Jewish community was one of the three delegates who placed Lincoln’s name in nomination at the Republican Convention held in Chicago. Dembitz was the uncle of Louis Dembitz Brandeis who was four at the time of the convention and who would become the first Jewish Justice to sit on the Supreme Court.   Abraham Kohn, City Clerk of Chicago, was another Jew who was an early supporter of Lincoln and who worked at the Republican Convention to secure his nomination.  After Lincoln’s nomination, Kohn gave him a flag that included the following verse from the Book of Joshua, “Be strong and of good courage; be not affrighted, neither be thou dismayed; for the Lord thy God is with thee whithersoever thou goest.” Other early, ardent supporters of Lincoln included the philanthropist Moses Dropsie, founder of Dropsie College and Sigmund Kaufman a German-Jewish newspaper publisher in New York “who worked furiously and successfully to deliver the German immigrant vote to Lincoln.”  Kaufman also served as one of the electors for the State of New York and as such helped turn Lincoln’s popular vote lead into an Electoral College victory.  In 1863, following the Battle of Chancellorsville, Lincoln visited the hospital bed of the mortally wounded hero Lt. Col Leopold Newman, and personally presented him with his commission of appointment as a brigadier general in the Union Army. At the communal level, Lincoln was the first President to make it possible for Rabbis to serve as military chaplains. He signed the 1862 Act of Congress which changed the law that had previously barred all but Christian clergymen from being chaplains. Lincoln showed his support for Jews in the face of European anti-Semitism.  He appointed a Jew to serve as Counsel in Zurich as a way of letting the Swiss know that the United States government would not tolerate discrimination against American Jews doing business in Switzerland and that the United States Government did not look favorably on the discriminatory treatment of Swiss citizens who were Jewish. But Lincoln’s most famous moment in dealing with the Jews came when he countermanded Grant’s infamous Order #11. The vast majority of Jews were loyal supporters of the Union even in those dark days when the Copperheads and their allies called upon Lincoln to “let our wayward sisters depart in peace.”  Of course, Lincoln came to be viewed as an American Moses who led the African-American Slaves to freedom. Ironically, Lincoln was killed during Pesach, the Jewish holiday of freedom that provided so much of the liberation motif for the work of the Great Emancipator.

1815: Birthdate of Hermann Ottomar Friedrich Goedsche the anti-Semitic author who wrote under the pseudonym Sir. John Retcliffe.

1818: Bernardo O'Higgins signs the Independence of Chile near Concepción. According to the Virtual Jewis Library“The Inquisition was abolished with the establishment of Chilean independence in 1818. Many Jewish citizens or descendants of Converso families were involved in the country's struggle for independence, including General Jose Miguel Carrera, who traced his lineage back to Diego Garcia de Caceres. Carrera was nominated to be the first president of Chile, although Manuel Blanco Encalada actually became the Chilean leader. Diego Portales, father of the 1833 Chilean constitution, also claimed descent from Caceres. Many non-Jewish leaders of the revolution had close ties with Jewish individuals. The first president of the Republic of Chile, Bernard O'Higgins, spent time in the home of Juan Albano Peyreyra, possibly of Jewish ancestry.”

1821: Raphael Picard married Rose Bumsell in Strasbourg today.

1824: Birthdate of Czech native Gustav Freund, the husband of Rosa Fruend

1826: Birthdate of German Chemist Moritz Traube whose work was sought after by many leading scientist of the time and whose marriage to Bertha Moll in 1855 produced chemist Wilhelm Traube and mineralogist Hermann Traube.

1827(15thof Shevat, 5587): Tu B’Shevat

1829: Birthdate of Leonce Cohen, the Parisian musician who received the "Prix de Rome," in 1851 “and became soon afterward one of the violinists at the Thétre Italien at Paris.”

1837(8thof Adar I, 5597): Fifty-year old Karl Ludwig Börne the German author and political philosopher who had changed his name from Lion Baruch when he became a Lutheran, passed away today.

1839: Birthdate of Leopold Loeb who would pass away in Morgan City, LA in 1921;

1842: Birthdate of Henri Jean Baptiste Anatole Leroy-Beaulieu author Les Juifs et l'Antisémitisme; Israël chez les Nationswhich was translated as Israel Among the Nations: A study of the Jews and Antisemitism by Frances Hellman and published by Putnam andL’Antisémitisme in 1897.

1849: An article published in Wetumpka Daily Standard was critical of Judge Solomon Heydefeldt's plan to put an end to "unlimited slave immigration" in Alabama.  Heydefeldt was no abolitionist. He was afraid that "the state would become impoverished through the uncontrolled 'dumping' of slaves in Alabama."  His critic claimed that the Judge's plan would cause the price of slaves to soar and would deprive "the poor who hoped ... to become slave owners of any expectation of economic advancement.

1852: Austen Henry Layard, the archeologist who excavated Nimrud and Niniveh as described in Discoveries at Nineveh began serving as Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs for the first time.

1853: Birthdate of Alois Eisler, the husband of Emilie Eisler.

1855: Birthdate of Yankev P. Adler, a native of the Russian Empire who, as Jacob Adler would gain fame as an actor and a star of the Yiddish Theatre in Odessa, London and New York City.

1855: Michigan State University was established. According to recent figures, MSU has 3,000 Jewish undergrads out of a total of 36,000 students and 500 Jewish grad students out of a total of 10,000 graduate students.  MSU offers approximately 25 Jewish Studies courses as well as a Major in Jewish Studies. The university offers a study program in Israel and is home to a Hillel chapter.

1860(19thof Shevat, 5620): Seventy-one year old Isaac Baer Levinsohn, the Russian leader of the Haskalah whose seminal work was Bet Yehuda published in 1837, passed away today.
http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Levinzon_Yitshak_Ber
http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/book/lookupname?key=Levinsohn,+Isaac+Baer,+1788-1860

1862: After having been arrested and imprisoned at Warsaw  in November, 1861 for activities construed supportive of the Polish Revolution, Talmudist Marcus Jastrow was released because he was a Prussian after which he was deported.

1863: Birthdate of Gatchell Isaacs, the native of Poland brought to London in his infancy who became the rabbi of the Hackney and East London Synagogue in 1890 while also serving as the Chaplain of the Hackney Company of the Jewish Lads’ Brigade and as a teacher for twenty-one years at his alma mater, The Jews’ Free School.

1864: During the Civil War, "the Confederate Congress voted in secret to create "bodies for the capture destruction of the enemies' property."  Officially known as the Bureau of Special and Secret Service, the unit was funded by the Department of State which was headed by Judah P. Benjamin who now "took on the most dangerous assignment Jefferson Davis had given him, that of spymaster."

1870: Women gained the right to vote in Utah Territory. At this time, the Watters family, Ichel and his new bride Augusta were active members of the community.  According to one account, “Augusta thrived on the challenge of frontier life, becoming a hardy pioneer and eventually a mainstay of the Salt Lake City Jewish Community.

1873(15thof Shevat, 5633): Tu B’Shevat

1874: The Young Ladies’ Charitable Union is scheduled to host a fund raiser at the Lyceum Theatre for the Home for Aged Hebrews.

1877: It was reported today that the Ottoman government “will not press its condition regarding the treatment of the Jews of Serbia.”  [Editor’s note: This has little to do with the Jews and everything to do with the Great Powers jockeying for control over the Ottoman Empire.  In an attempt to discredit the Constantinople Conference at which the great powers began slicing up the European portions of the empire, the Turks announced the adoption of a constitution that included a declaration of equal rights for all religious minorities in the Islamic Empire.  This brief statement, which proved to be true, was the Porte’s way of saying that the Christians of Serbia would not have to grant equal rights to the Jews which the Sultan hoped would be a way of guaranteeing Serbian loyalty.]

1880(30th of Shevat, 5640): Rosh Chodesh Adar

1882: It was reported today that the Times of London has published an article written by a mysterious Russian woman known as “O.K.” in tone that offers an apology for the treatment of the Jews living in Russia. The veracity of this author is questionable since she also extols the virtues of Siberia which she described as a land of promise which will soon be over-run by Russian emigrants seeking to live there.

1883: Birthdate of Ludwig Stössel, the German actor who returned to his native Austria when Hitler came to power and after the Anschluss  was imprisoned before finally being able to escape to London before settling in Hollywood where he re-kindled his career. 

1883: The United States State Department sought Adolphus Simeon Solomons’ advice and assistance regarding the distribution of charity funds to Americans in Ottoman Palestine. Solomons was as a Sephardic Jew born in New York in 1826 who moved to Washington, DC where he made several influential friends and was important enough to have been offered the position of Governor of the District of Columbia by President U.S. Grant.  Solomons did not accept the offer.

1884(16th of Shevat): German author and religious reformer Aaron Bernstein passed away

1884: Birthdate of Max Beckmann, German-born post-modernist painter.

1885: In Eisenheim, Bavaria, Karoline and Leopold (Lehmann) Schloss gave birth to Emil Schloss.

1885: Birthdate of vicious anti-Semite Julius Streicher, the Nazi leader who created such publications as Der Strumer

1886: Ha-Yom, the first Hebrew daily newspaper was published in St. Petersburg.

1886: Birthdate of Yampol native Solomon Pincasovich, the product of the Slobodka Yeshivan and the Odessa Conservatoire who became the cantor of the New Synagogue in Manchester, UK in 1921 and a lecturer at Jews College in 1947.

1886: Birthdate of Louis C. Wallach, the New York native who boxed under the name Leach Cross and was known as “The Fighting Dentist” due to the dental degree he earned from New York University.

1890: A summary of the activities of the United Hebrew Charities for the month of January published today described the aid given to 963 families containing 4.4042 members for the month.

1890: “Among the East Side Hebrew Poor” published today described a meeting at Temple Beth-El attended by a large number of young Jews as well as prominent leaders including Rabbi Kaufmann Kohler and Mark Ash of the Young Men’s Hebrew Association where “plans were formulated “to create an organization to aid the Jews living “on the east side between 42nd and 86th Streets and from Fifth Avenue to the River.”

1890: It was reported today that Rudolph Grossman, the assistant Rabbi at Temple Beth El has been elected president of newly formed organization designed to bring aid to the poor Jews of the East Side from their wealthier coreligionists.  Charles S. August has been elected Secretary.

1892: As New York public health officials start to deal with an outbreak of typhus it was reported that some of the first victims were fifty-seven Jewish men, women and children who had been “driven out of Russia” who finally made their way to Marseilles where they board the SS Massilia.  They arrived in New York after twenty nine days at sea.  These public health officials connect the outbreak of typhus with conditions aboard the ship and debilitated conditions of the immigrant passengers.

1893: It was reported today that at the University of Pennsylvania, Professor Jastrow has begun teaching a special course in Hebrew designed primarily for (Protestant) clergyman.  (Editor’s note: Professor Jastrow is Morris Jastrow, Jr., who the librarian-in-chief at the school and the son of Marcus Jastrow, the rabbi at Philadelphia’s Rodeph Shalom.)

1893: “Priests and Pigeons” published today described a humorous episode during a Sunday school lesson being taught to youngsters about Haggai and Zachariah.

 1893: “Interesting News From Other Schools And Colleges” published today described newly created Harvard Semitic Museum which included Hebrew “rolls of the law and rolls of the prophets” as well as “some translation of the Hebrew Bible into Arabic.

1893: The committee formed by the Central Conference of American Rabbis “to arrange the seconding part of the Union Prayer book containing the services for Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur” met for the first time today in Chicago.

1894: Sixty-four year old musical leader and reputed anti-Semite Hans von Bulow passed away today

1894: “Ingersoll Praised and Censured” published today summarized the disagreement that Rabbi Joseph Silverman has with agnostic Robert Ingersoll over the latter’s views on Moses. Silverman does not blame Ingersoll for his mischaracterization of the Jewish sage because “The spirit of the Hebrew Scriptures can never be translated.  A man, to read the Bible rightly must hot only understand the language in which it was written, but he must know the customs and traits of the people.”

1895: The Purim Association will sponsor a performance of Verdi’s “Falstaff” at the Metropolitan Opera House. The associated has been sponsored an event like this each at Purim time since 1868.  Since 1874 each of these events has raised on the average of $15,000 in net proceeds which go to a variety of charities including Mt. Sinai Hospital, the Montefiore Home and the Hebrew Orphan Asylum. 

1895: The district of B’nai B’rth that includes the states of Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, Maryland and the District of Columbia opened its annual convention in Atlanta, GA today.

1896: Herzl writes a "Literary Testament".

1897: During today’s dedication of the new building belong to the Hebrew Technical Institute; Joseph B. Bloomingdale presented the key to the building to James H. Hoffman, President of the Institute.

1897: In the course of his talk at the dedication exercise of the Hebrew Technical Institute, Police Commissioner Theodore Roosevelt explained that he had a duty to see to it that Herr Alwardt, the German anti-Semite could speak publicly and that he was fully protected by the police.  To that end, Roosevelt “selected a cordon of forty officers to preserve the peace, and they were all Hebrews, and what is more, they did preserve the peace.” (Editor’s Note: This year, an episode of “Blue Bloods” a television show featuring Tom Sellick as the NYC Police Commissioner drew on this event to resolve part of it plot line.)

1897: Birthdate of Louis "Lepke" Buchalter. Known as "Czar Lepke," Buchalter was a product of the Brooklyn underworld.  During the 1920's he formed the notorious gang called "Murder Incorporated."  The gang specialized in the protection racket.  They began with furriers and leather goods and eventually branched out into the entire garment industry.  During the 1930's, Murder Incorporated was being a small fortune by the movie studios in Hollywood.  Lepke's two decade long reign of terror came to an end when Thomas Dewey went after a variety of gangsters during the late 1930's and 1940's.  Lepke was convicted of murder and electrocuted in March, 1944.  Yes, there were other Jewish gangsters.  But they were a small part of the Jewish population and their criminal activities were never a source of pride.

1897: It was reported today that Secretary Edward T. Devine has said that “The Department of Charities finds no material increase of destitution this year…except among the” Jews because so many of them worked in the garment making industry which is in a slump.  The Department sends all of the “destitute” Jews to the United Hebrew Charities which takes care of them.  (These comments came during a debate about the advisability of providing free food to the poor, something Devine and others opposed)

1897: Rabbi Gustav Gottheil of Temple Emanu-El delivered the opening prayer at today’s dedication of the new building that will be part of the Hebrew Technical Institute on Stuyvesant Street.

1898: Professor C.H. Toy delivered the second in a series of lectures on “The Dawn of Literature” entitled “The Dawn of Literature in Babylonia and Egypt” which included numerous comparisons between these two cultures and the literature created by the Jews that is preserved in the Bible.

1899: Among the bills introduced in the New York State Legislature seeking tax exemptions was one brought forward by Mr. Sanders, “exempting the real estate now owned or which may hereafter be acquired by the Beth Israel Hospital Association in the City of New York”

1900: Founding of the Sabbath Observance Association Synagogue at 70th and Central Park West whose members include Mark Blumenthal, Leonard Lewisohn, Moses Ottinger, and Leon Huhner.

1901: Herzl meets Lady Battersea, Rothschild's cousin in the apartment of Israel Zangwil.

1903(15thof Shevat, 5663): Tu B’Shevat

1906: Today “a massacre of the Jews was reported to have taken place at Kalarashi, Bessarabia.”

1906: Algernon Lee wrote from New York challenging Lewis Nixon’s plea to “Give the Czar a chance” citing all of the Czar’s missed opportunity to improve conditions for his subjects including his failure “to protect the poor Jews…in his empire in the pursuit of their peaceful vocations.”
http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9C01E2D9103EE733A25757C1A9649C946797D6CF

1908: Birthdate Mikos Sarkany who won Gold Medals for Hungary in Water Polo at the 1932 and 1936 Olympics
http://www.jewishsports.net/BioPages/MiklosSarkany.htm

1909: The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People was founded. Julius Rosenthal, Lillian Wald, Rabbi Emil G. Hirsh, Stephen Wise and Henry Moskowitz a Jewish physician, and civil rights activist, were among the co-founders of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Jewish attorney Jack Greenberg played a prominent role in one of the most famous moments in the history of the N.A.A.C.P. He was Assistant Counsel from 1949 to 1961 for the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund and then, from 1961 to 1984, he succeeded Thurgood Marshall as Director Counsel. Greenberg was one of the attorneys who argued Brown v. Board of Education before the United States Supreme Court as co-counsel for the plaintiffs with Thurgood Marshall.

1912: Arrangements were made today by the family of Washington Seligman to move his body from the Hotel Grand where he had shot himself to Temple Emanu-El on Fifth Avenue.

1912(24thof Shevat, 5672): Louis Heilprin, the Hungarian born historian and encyclopedia editor who was a follower of Lajos Kossuth passed away.  He was part of an intellectual family including his brother Angelo, his grandfather Pinchas and his father Michael who was an editor for the American Cyclopedia and a contributor to The Nation.

1913: Mrs. J.B. Malkes is charge of preparing the program for today’s “regular monthly meeting of the Baron Hirsch Women’s Club” at the Auditorium Hotel.

1914: “The Squam Man” a silent cowboy film produced by Jesse Lasky was released in the United States by the Famous Players-Lasky Corporation today.

1915: Birthdate of Canadian actor Lorne Greene.  Greene’s most famous role was that Ben “Pa” Cartwright on Bonanza.  Considering the fact that Little Joe was also played by a Jewish actor, half of America’s favorite cowboy family were MOT- “The Ponderosa” as western homeland for the Jews.

1915: Joseph Zimmerman was award the Pell Gold Medal for the student who ranks highest in all the studies of the year and the Prager Memorial Prize for the student who ranks highest in the senior year at today’s commencement exercise for the College of the City of New York today.

1915: “The American Jewish Relief Committee for the Sufferers from the War, of which Louis Marshall is President and Felix M. Warburg is Treasurer, announced” tonight “the appropriation of $200,000 for the relief of Jewish war suffers” which “will be divided equally between Russian and German Poland.

1915: A list of contributors to the American Jewish Relief Committee published today included the Jewish Charities of Cleveland, Ohio, Calgary J.R.C., Lafayette Indiana Orthodox Jews, and the Young Russian Friends Association.

1916: In Norfolk, VA, the building housing Oham Shalom Synagogue which had been built fifteen years ago at a cost of $70,000 “was destroyed by fire caused by defective insulation.”

1916:  “According to a statement issued” today “one out of every 321 Jews in New York City contributes to the Educational Alliance” of which Justice Samuel Greenbaum currently serves as President

1916: Birthdate of Dutch born actor Max Geldray.  Born in Holland and living in France and touring under such names as "Mac Geldray and his Mouth-Accordion Band", Van Gelder fled to England during the early days of WWII and was injured participating in the Normandy landings in 1944. Tragically, his sister died in a concentration camp during the war. After the war Geldray continued his career as a jazz harmonica player. He was part of the original cast of the 1950's radio show The Goon Show sharing the stage with Peter Sellers.  He stayed on the show for its entire run of nine years. Afterwards, he retired to California, playing at gigs in Reno and Los Angeles, later volunteering at the Betty Ford Center and similar institutions.  He passed away in 2004. 

1918: Following the issuance of the Balfour Declaration, the French issued a statement today expressing their support for the creation “of a Jewish national homeland in Palestine.’

1918: In New York City, Belle (née Rosenfeld) and Benjamin Schwinger, a garment manufacturer, gave birth to Nobel Prize winning American theoretical physicist Julian Seymour Schwinger

1919: Funeral services were held in Chicago today for Alexander Newman, the husband of Eva Newman and the father of Julius, Sol, Maurice and Emanuel Newman

1920: Birthdate of Abraham Shadrinsky, who gained famed as record producer Robert “Bob” Shad who worked with such jazz greats as Charlie Parker, Billy Eckstein and Dinah Washington.

1921(4thof Adar I, 5681): Parashat Teruman

1921: Congregation Shaaray Tefila continued to celebrate the 75thanniversary of its incorporation for a second day.

1921: Birthdate of Joshua Eilberg, the native of Philadelphia and Wharton graduate who served in the House of Representatives for twelve years.

1921: Birthdate of fencing champion Albert Axelrod.
http://www.nytimes.com/2004/03/05/sports/albert-axelrod-83-a-champion-in-fencing.html

1922: Achille Ratti is formally installed as Pope Pius XI. Early in his papacy, Pius did sign concordats with various fascist governments.  But he must have had a change of heart.  By the time he died he spoken out against fascism and racism and called for measures to protect Jews.

1923: Birthdate of Romanian native Hyman “Hy” Weiss who came to the United States as an infant, served in the Army Air Force during WW II and became a leading record producer.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1547655/Hyman-Weiss.html

1923: Twenty-five year old Gene Barry (born Eugene Klass) married Betty Claire Kalb

1924: George Gershwin's ''Rhapsody in Blue'' received its premiere in the concert, An Experiment in Modern Music, which was held today, in Aeolian Hall, New York, by Whiteman and his band with Gershwin playing the piano 

1924: George Kaufman's "Beggar on Horseback" premiered in New York City.

1924: The Eveready Hour was the first commercially sponsored variety program in the history of broadcasting which featured repeated appearances by conductor Nathanial Shilkret on WEAF Radio in New York.

1925: Birthdate of Rosalyn “Dolly” Saget the wife of supermarket executive Benjamin Sage and the mother of comedic actor Robert Lane “Bob” Saget.

1925:”The Estonian government passed a law pertaining to the cultural autonomy of minority peoples. This was a logical step forward in the national policies of the Estonian Republic. The Jewish community quickly prepared its application for cultural autonomy. Statistics on Jewish citizens were compiled. They totaled 3,045, fulfilling the minimum requirement of 3000 for cultural autonomy. In June 1926 the Jewish Cultural Council was elected and Jewish cultural autonomy was declared. The administrative organ of this autonomy was the Board of Jewish Culture, headed by Hirsch Aisenstadt until it was disbanded in 1940.”

1925: After arriving in New York yesterday, Dr. Chaim Weizmann reports on the vibrant condition of the economy in Palestine and of “the numerous business opportunities of which Americans may take advantage.”  Weizmann said that while in the United States he will be seeking a loan of $2,000,000 at seven per cent interest designed to pay for development in Tel Aviv and four large near-by settlements.  The government in Palestine had already given its approval for Weizmann to try and raise the funds.

1926: “The Man Without Sleep” a silent film written by Max Glass was released in Germany today.

1926(28thof Shevat, 5686): Fifty-six year old René Worms, a scion of the distinguished French family whose accomplishments including the establishment of the"Revue Internationale de Sociologie”,  the "Bibliothèque Sociologique Internationale," the Institut International de Sociologie and the Société de Sociologie de Paris which earned him being named a chevalier of the Legion of Honor, passed away today.

1927: Birthdate of Bucharest native Henry Herscovi  who competed as a sports shooter for the Israeli Olympic Teams in 1968 and 1972.

1929: “The Christian and the Moslem communities of Palestine were urged to lend their best cooperation to the efforts of the Jewish people in the rebuilding of the Holy Land by John Haynes Homes, pastor of the New York Community church, was the guest of honor at a reception given to him today by the municipality of Tel Aviv at City Hall.

 1929: Birthdate of Gyorgy Braun, the native of Mateszalka, Hungary, who survived the Holocaust and made a new life for himself in Los Angeles as George Brown

 1930: Birthdate of Arlen Specter, U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania.  During the twentieth century, most Jewish office holders were Democrats.  Specter was unusual because he rose to prominence as a Republican.  Today, there are a record number of Jews serving in the U.S. Senate.  For most Americans, Jewish public officials are such an accepted fact of life that both Senators from California are Jewish.  And places like Minnesota, hardly a state with a large bloc of Jewish voters, elect Jews to Congress (As reported by Peter Jackson)
http://www.timesofisrael.com/former-pennsylvania-senator-arlen-specter-dies-at-82/

1932: Birthdate of economist and author Julian Simon.

1932: Birthdate of pianist Jerome Lowenthal.

1935: The first Palestine-owned ships of modern times will start service here today, restoring to the Jewish people a profession in which they have had little part since the ancient Phoenicians.  Two new ships Mount Zion and Tel Aviv sail between Palestine, Constananza and Trieste.  While the ships are of “British naval design” they will have Jewish skippers and crews.

1936: Birthdate of American actor Paul Shenar described as being of Turkish and Jewish ancestry. Count this as a maybe.

1936(19th of Shevat): Yiddish historian and journalist Peter Wiernik passed away

1936: Birthdate of Binyamin Fuad Ben-Eliezer, a native of Iraq who made Aliyah in 1950.  He served in the IDF from 1954 through 1984 and then entered into a successful political career that included service as the Minister of Defense and Deputy Prime Minister.

1937: U.S. Premiere of “On the Avenue,” with a story and songs by Irving Berlin and Samuel Pokrass, co-starring the Ritz Brothers.

1937: Wilhelm Zoellner resigned as head of the Confessing Church “after the Gestapo had denied him the right to visit some imprisoned pastors.”

1938(11thof Adar I, 5698): Parashat Tetzaveh

1938: Rabbi William F. Rosenblum is scheduled to deliver a sermon “Great Jews of Today” at Temple Israel.

1938: Rabbi Louis I Newman is scheduled to deliver a sermon “The Religion of Abraham Lincoln” today at Temple Rodeph Sholom.

1938: Rabbi Nathan Perilman is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “What Makes a Thing Jewish?” today at Temple Emanu-El

1938: Rabbi Jonah B. Wise is scheduled to give a sermon today on “Lincoln and God” at the Central Synagogue.

1938: During the Spanish Civil War, The Botwin Company, a Jewish unit of the Polish Dombrowski Brigade went into action in the Sierra Quemeda near Belal Alcazar.

1938: Hitler met with Chancellor Schuschinigg of Austria, claiming that the acts of Austria were treasonous. Hitler put forth extreme written demands designed to make way for Nazism in Austria. Hitler threatened to end a civil relationship between their two countries.

1938: In Rumania, Jews did not have to prove their citizenship today as originally ordered by the government because the Juridical Committee ruled that the decree calling into question “the citizenship of Rumania’s 750,000 Jews” was unconstitutional “because it singled out one class of citizens, namely the Jews, for special treatment by forcing them and only them to prove citizenship.” (Editor’s Note – this is one more example of the anti-Semitism that was prevalent in Europe in the inter-war years which helps to explain why the Germans were so successful in their implementation of the Final Solution.)

1938: In Elizabeth, NJ, homemaker Esther (née Rosenfeld) and dentist Ralph Sussman gave birth to Judith Sussman who gained fame as author Judy Blume. “Her most famous book, Are You There God? It’s Me, Margaret; focused on an 11-year-old girl being brought up by Jewish and non-Jewish parents, and the difficulties she faced in trying to decide which religion to follow.” http://www.judyblume.com/

1939: Robert Briscoe, a member of the Irish Parliament delivered an address at Temple Rodeph Sholem tonight in which he expressed his support for “Palestine as a homeland for the Jewish people.”

1939: Birthdate of Leon Richard Kass the Chicago born son of “Yiddish speaking, secular, socialist” Jewish immigrants whose exciting life has included everything from Civil Rights Summer with his wife Amy Apfel to serving as chairman of the President’s Council on Bioethics during the George Bush’s first term in the White House.
http://www.aei.org/scholar/leon-r-kass/

1940: The British War Cabinet discussed the 1939 White Paper to limit Jewish land purchase in Palestine.  Despite a protest from Churchill, the land limitation regulations would be put into force.

 1940: The Nazis began the first mass deportation of Germans Jews to Poland.

1941: The Nazis established the Jewish Council for Amsterdam under Abraham Asscher, prominent Amsterdam businessman and David Cohen, a professor of ancient history at the Municipal University of Amsterdam.

1941: In Amsterdam, German soldiers, assisted by Dutch police, encircled the old Jewish neighborhood and cordoned it off from the rest of the city by putting up barbed wire, opening bridges and putting in police checkpoints which meant that this neighborhood was now forbidden for non-Jews effectively making it a Ghetto.

1941: Occupation Police arrested the "Jewish Foursome"1942(25th of Shevat, 5702): The Nazis rounded up and murdered 3,000 Jews in the Ukrainian town of Brailov. The Jewish community in the Shtetel of Brailov can be traced back at least to the start of the 17thcentury. After the war Brailov was the subject of a 52-minute documentary called “Judenfrei: A Shtetl Without Jews.”

1942: At Kibbutz Mishmar HaSharon, Esther (née Godin) and Yisrael Mendel Brog gave birth to Ehud Brog, the eldest of their four sons who gained fame as Ehud Barak, the Chief of Staff of the IDF who would later serve as Prime Minister of Israel.

1942(25th of Shevat, 5702): Avraham Stern was killed after being captured by British authorities in Tel Aviv.  Stern was the leader of Lechi a Hebrew acronym for Lohamei Cherut Israel, "Fighters for the Freedom of Israel", לח"י - לוחמי חירות ישראל) also known as the Stern Gang.  The Polish born Stern had become progressively more violent as he moved from the Haganah, to the Irgun, to his own Stern Gang.  Stern reportedly approached the German and Italian regimes offering to swap helping them in defeating the British for the creation of a Jewish state.  Needless to say, the leaders of the Yishuv disowned Stern and his gang, labeling them as terrorists operating in a way unacceptable to the Jewish community.

1942: Six months after having been released in the United Kingdom, “Pimpernel Smith” directed and produced by Leslie Howard (born Leslie Howard Steiner), who also starred in this “updated” version of portrayal in “The Scarlet Pimpernel” and was filmed by cinematographer Mutz Greenbaum was released in the United States today.

1943: Aizik Feder smuggled a letter out of Drancy, France, to his wife. "Tomorrow I am leaving. . . Courage! Courage! Courage!" The next day he is one of 1,000 Jews sent to Auschwitz. He and 311 others were tattooed with a number. The rest were killed. Only 20 of the 311 would survive the war.

1943: “Journey into Fear” a spy film with a script co-authored by Ben Hecht and edited by Mark Robson was released in the United States today.

1943 As documented by his secretaries, Heinrich Himmler visited Sobibor today.

1944: Incendiary bombs that exploded simultaneously in Jerusalem, Haifa and Tel Aviv tonight damaged immigration offices in all three cities.  The bombings were thought to be the work of those who sought to destroy the buildings where the anti-Jewish immigration policies are given practical application.  “Responsible Jewish” leaders expressed their disapproval of the “criminal methods of fighting the immigration issue.”

1947(22nd of Shevat, 5707): Dr. Kurt Lewin, German born social psychologist, passed away.  A believer in Gestalt psychology, Lewin, a veteran of the Kaiser’s Army, came to United States in 1933 and became a U.S. citizen in 1940.

1947(22nd of Shevat, 5707): Moses Gomberg passed away. Born in Russia, he was educated in the United States and became a chemistry professor at the University of Michigan. “In 1896–1897 he took a year's leave to work as a postdoctoral researcher with Baeyer and Thiele in Munich and with Victor Meyer in Heidelberg, where he successfully prepared the long-elusive tetraphenylmethane.”

1949: An unidentified aircraft bombed Jerusalem.  Based on various sources the plane might have been Egyptian or British.\=

1949: In Berlin, Litzi Friedman and Georg Honigmann, the chief editor of the Berliner Zeitung gave birth to German author and dramatist Barbara Honigmann.
http://spartacus-educational.com/Litzi_Friedmann.htm

1950: Albert Einstein warned against the building of the hydrogen bomb.

 1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that 20 persons were injured in the course of a Communist demonstration held in Tel Aviv by the Israel-USSR Friendship League. Skirmishes broke out, outside the previously bombed Soviet Legation, between Communists and Israelis outraged by the recent vicious anti-Semitic and anti-Israeli Soviet campaign. The Soviet Ambassador, Mr. Pavel Yershov, received Mr. S. Mikunis and Dr. Moshe Sneh, in the presence of reporters, an unusual diplomatic occurrence. Israeli police arrested 27 persons in connection with the bombing of the Soviet Legation. Moscow radio accused Israeli police of a "clear connivance" in the bombing.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that in his address to UN officers, Syrian Colonel Ghassan Shabib, a senior Israeli-Syrian Mixed Armistice Commission delegate had declared, "This country has no room for both peoples. There should be either Jews or Arabs."

1954(9thof Adar I, 5714): Fifty-eight year old David Abelevich Kaufman the Soviet documentary director known as Dziga Vertov whose brother Mikhail, and Boris and wife Elzaveta Svilova were also film makers, passed away today in Moscow.

1995(20thof Shevat, 5715): Parashat Yitro

1955(20thof Shevat, 5715): Seventy-four year old German dramatist Julius Dab, a cofounder of the Kulturbund Deutscher Juden who escaped to the United States in 1939 passed away today in Roslyn Heights, NY.
https://www.lbi.org/digibaeck/results/?qtype=pid&term=431122

1956(30thof Shevat, 5716): Forty-six year old German born Israeli journalist Ezriel Carlebach died of a heart attack. There is no way that this blog can do just to the fascinating life of this man, whom if you did not know he was real, would swear that Ian Fleming or David Baldacci, had created for one of their novels.

1959: The Prime Minster officially opened the Sidney Myer Music Bowl, “an outdoor performance venue in Melbourne” the construction of which was “inspired by businessman and philanthropist Sidney Myer.”

1964: The Beatles performed at a sold-out concert in Carnegie Hall arranged by impresario Sid Bernstein who repeated the same success later with the Rolling Stones.

1964: A funeral service for fifty-year old Arnold Manoff, he author and scriptwriter who was a victim of the HUAC blacklist is scheduled to take place at Riverside Memorial Chapel where his two sons Thomas and Michael; his two daughters Dinah Beth Manoff and Mrs. Eva Russo; his mother Mrs. Gussie Manoff; and his sisters Mrs. Sophie Parsons and Mrs. Flora Blum will say their final farewells.

1965: In the Rhawnhurst neighborhood of Northeast Philadelphia, Ruben Amaro, Sr., “a Marrano Sephardic Mexican-Cuban and Judy Amaro-Perez (née Herman), the descendant of Russian Jews gave birth to baseball player and executive Ruben Amaro, Jr.

1966: Birthdate of Mario Javier Saban, the native of Buenos Aires who “who is descended from Spanish Jews who took refuge in the Ottoman Empire” and is the author of the best-selling Converted Jews.
http://www.mariosaban.com/
http://www.tarbutsefarad.com/index.php?lang=en

1969(24thof Shevat, 5729): Sixty-one year old James Joseph Packman, the native of Biala who came to the United States in 1910 and carved out a career as a “banker, journalist and publicist passed away today.
http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=9D06E1D6153DE134BC4B52DFB4668382679EDE
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0015_0_15314.html

1969: In Brooklyn, public school teachers Charlotte and Abraham Aronofsky, who are Conservative Jews of Ukrainian Jewish descent gave birth to film director Darren Aronofsky

1970(6thof Adar I, 5730): Sixty-eight year old “novelist and screenwriter” Samuel Guy Endore, born Samuel Goldstein, passed away today.
http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt2p30043h/

1971: Birthdate of Antwerp native Nathan Kahan middle distance runner who represented Belgium in the 2000 Olympics and later became a sport psychologist.

1973(10th of Adar I, 5733): British composer Benjamin Frankel passed away at the age of 67.  Born to Polish parents who had moved to England,  the first major work to bring Frankel to wider public attention was the Violin Concerto dedicated " In memory of the six million'", a reference to the Jews slaughtered in the Holocaust.
http://www.musicweb-international.com/frankel/

1978: The Jerusalem Post reported that the US Secretary of State, Cyrus Vance, called on Israel to cease all settlement activities in the administered areas and dismantle the existing ones in the Rafiah salient.

1979(15thof Shevat, 5739): Tu B’Shevat

1980(25th of Shevat, 5740):Muriel Rukeyser, poet and political activist, best known for her poems about equality, feminism, social justice, and Judaism, passed away. “Her poem To be a Jew in the Twentieth Century (1944), on the theme of Judaism as a gift, was adopted by the American Reform and Reconstructionist movements for their prayer books, something Rukeyser said ‘astonished’ her, as she had remained distant from Judaism throughout her early life.”

1982: “One from the Heart” a musical based on a story by Armyan Bernstein who co-authored the screenplay and featuring Allen Garfield was released today in the United States.

1982: U.S. premiere of “Making Love,”  “one of the earliest films to deal with homosexuality” directed by Arthur Hiller, co-produced by Daniel Melnick with a story by A. Scott Berg.

1982: “Quest for First” a film adaptation of the 1911 Belgian novel co-starring Ron Perlman was released in the United States today.

1982: “Policemen burst into the apartment of refusenik Mikhail Nekrasov during a lesson. They confiscated Hebrew textbooks, dictionaries, and cassettes and warned students to stop attending Hebrew classes and seminars. Nekrasov was told that he would lose his Moscow residence permit if he did not stop teaching Hebrew.”

1986: After spending eight years in Soviet prisons and labor camps, human rights activist Anatoly Scharansky was released. The amnesty deal was arranged by Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and U.S. President Ronald Reagan at a summit meeting three months earlier. Scharansky was imprisoned for his campaign to win the right for Russian Jews, officially forbidden to practice Judaism, to emigrate from the USSR. Convicted of treason and agitation, Soviet authorities also labeled him an American spy. After his release, he immigrated to Israel, where he was given a hero's welcome. Later, as a member of Israel's parliament, he was an outspoken defender of Russian Jews.

1990: Vanities on the Bonfire published today described the fall from financial grace of Peter Cohen, Chairman of Shearson Lehman Hutton.
http://content.time.com/time/subscriber/printout/0,8816,969389,00.html

1990: In the following article entitled “As Jerusalem Labors to Settle Soviet Jews, Native Israelis Slip Quietly Away,” Joel Brinkley describes Israel’s attempts to deal with the challenge of Yoradim.
http://www.nytimes.com/1990/02/11/world/as-jerusalem-labors-to-settle-soviet-jews-native-israelis-slip-quietly-away.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm

1991: In the early morning hours Iraq carried out its 13th Scud attack. The Scud was hit by the Patriot over a populated section of Tel Aviv and flaming missile parts slammed into the city. At least seven people were lightly injured. The Army reported extensive damage to houses and businesses. Rescue workers, firemen and ambulance crews rushed to the scene and set up barricades to keep curious neighbors away from the damaged area. The light injuries were typical of those sustained by hundreds of Israelis in three weeks of Scud missile attacks by Iraq. Most people have been hurt by shrapnel, flying glass, falling furniture or shock. One man was killed when his house collapsed during an early Scud attack, and three elderly Israelis died of heart failure during another assault

1991: The first Lincoln Prize, funded by Lewis Lehrman, was awarded today to “film-maker Ken Burns for his Civil War Series on PBS” that was narrated by Shelby Foote.  (Lehrman and Foote were Jewish; Burns was not)

1991: The Knesset passed a law whereby a Knesset member who changed political parties while still able to serve and vote in the Knesset itself, could not be made a Minister or a deputy minister and could not be promised a seat in the next Knesset.

1993: U.S. premiere of “Groundhog Day,” the classic comedy directed by Harold Ramis who also co-authored the script.

1994(1stof Adar, 5754): Rosh Chodesh Adar

1995(12th of Adar I, 5755): Ninety-eight year old basketball legend Nat Holman passed away today in the Bronx. (As reported by Sam Goldpaper)
http://www.nytimes.com/1995/02/13/obituaries/nat-holman-is-dead-at-98-led-ccny-champions.html
http://digital-archives.ccny.cuny.edu/exhibits/holman/intro.html

1996(22nd of Shevat, 5756): Eighty-three year old  Austrian opera singer Désirée Louise Anna Ernestine "Dési" von Halban the daughter of Josef von Halban and Selma von Halban passed away today in the Netherlands.

1998: Yehuda Lev writes about “The Truth About the Media and Jews.”
http://www.jewishjournal.com/articles/item/the_truth_about_the_media_and_jews_19980213

1999: Eight months after opening in the United States, “My Giant” a comedy starring Billy Crystal who also served as producer and wrote the script along with David Seltzer was released in the United States today.

2002(30thof Shevat, 5762): Rosh Chodesh Adar

2002(30thof Shevat, 5672): One hundred eleven year old Theresa Bernstein, the Krakow native who became a leading American artist passed away today. (As reported by Douglas Martin)
http://www.nytimes.com/2002/02/16/arts/theresa-bernstein-an-ash-can-school-artist-dies-at-111.html
http://forward.com/articles/189491/why-theresa-bernstein-was-the-jewish-artist-of-the/

2004: Mattel announced the split of Barbie and Ken. Barbie and Ken were named for the children of Jewish businesswoman Ruth Handler, the guiding light behind Mattel who gave the world these iconic toys.

2006: Professional Indian-Jewish cricketer played for Saurashtra in their match against Maharashtra

2006: The New York Times featured books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Lovers& amp; Players by Jackie Collins (Jewish father, Anglican mother)

2007: Bar-Ilan University is resisting pressure to fire history professor Ariel Toaff for writing a book arguing that there is a factual basis to some of the blood libels against the Jews in Europe in the Middle Ages, university president Moshe Kaveh's media consultant said today.

2008: The 12thNew York Sephardic Jewish Festival continues with showings “Italian Jewish History and Identity,” two programs of documentaries, television shorts and fiction films exploring little-known aspects of Italian Jewish history and identity presented by Centro Primo Levi

2008:James L. Kugel, a professor of Hebrew at Harvard University from 1982 to 2003, discusses How to Read the Bible: A Guide to Scripture, Then and Now at the D.C. Jewish Community Center.

2008: The social component of the Oscar award season kicked off for Beaufort with a screening and reception sponsored by the Israeli consulate and the entertainment division of the Jewish Federation.

2008: The city’s Landmarks Preservation Commission voted this afternoon to designate as a landmark what is believed to be the oldest structure in Queens built as a synagogue. Estée Lauder once worshiped there, and Madonna once lived at a former yeshiva nearby. The synagogue, Congregation Tifereth Israel, at 109-18 54th Avenue in Corona, was built in 1911, when only 20,000 or so of New York’s 1.5 million Jews lived in Queens, according to a report by Kathryn E. Horak, a researcher at the commission. Designed by Crescent L. Varrone, the two-story, wood-frame synagogue combined Gothic and Moorish design with Judaic ornament: pointed-arched windows, a roundel with a Star of David in colored glass, and a gabled parapet. The original wood stoop and railing have been replaced with a brick porch with an iron railing, and the wood clapboard siding has been covered with stucco. The congregation, established in 1906 or 1907, primarily served Jews who had moved to Queens from the Lower East Side of Manhattan, and its design mimicked that of synagogues in the neighborhood, which had been shoehorned into narrow tenement lots, similar in scale and material to neighboring tenements and commercial buildings, and featured symmetrical tripartite facades, with a central entrance and corner towers. According to Ms. Horak, there were two Jewish neighborhoods in Corona in the early part of the 20th century: an older and poorer one along Corona Avenue, where Jews managed shirtwaist factories, and a newer and more prosperous one along Northern Boulevard. Josephine Esther Mentzer, later known as Estée Lauder, the cosmetics pioneer who died in 2004 at age 97, was a member of Congregation Tifereth Israel as a young woman. An affiliated yeshiva, on 53rd Avenue, closed in the 1970s and was converted into a residence and music studio; Madonna lived there from 1979 to 1980. The synagogue continued to be used by a dwindling number of congregants until the 1990s, but fell into a state of disrepair, although a small community of Bukharan Jews from the former Soviet Union began meeting there in the mid-1990s. In 2002, the synagogue was placed on the National Register of Historic Places. Estée Lauder once worshiped at Tifereth Israel and Madonna once lived at a former yeshiva nearby.

2009: The American Friends of Tel Aviv University present a lecture by Professor Asher Susser, one of Israel's foremost policy analysts and a director of Tel Aviv University's Dayan Center for Middle Eastern and African Studies entitled "After the Vote: What's Next for Israel?"

2009: In Australia, a program sponsored by the Arts Centre to mark the 50th anniversary of the Sidney Myer Music Bowl began today.

2009: Eric Weissberg joined the Aaron Copland School of Music at Queens College orchestra and chorus, along with the Riverside Inspirational Choir and NYC Labor Choir, in honoring Abraham Lincoln's 200th birthday at the Riverside Church in New York City. Under the direction of Maurice Peress, they performed Earl Robinson's "The Lonesome Train: A Music Legend for Actors, Folk Singers, Choirs, and Orchestra" in which Weissberg was the banjo player

2009: By a voice vote, the New York State Senate confirmed the appointment of Jonathan Lippman as Chief Judge of the New York Court of Appeals.

2009: Career U.S. diplomat Maclom Toon who served as U.S. Ambassador to Israel passed away today.
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/01/world/europe/malcolm-toon-dead-us-ambassador-to-soviet-union.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

2009:One Hundred Years Ago today, WEB Dubois, Julius Rosenthal, Lillian Wald, Rabbi Emil G. Hirsch, Stephen Wise and Henry Malkewitz formed the NAACP
http://israeljewishnews.blogspot.com/2009/02/in-1909-web-dubois-julius-rosenthal.html

2010: The Winter Olympics are scheduled to open in Vancouver, Canada. Israel will field a team of three in Vancouver: Mykhaylo Renzyhn, an alpine skier originally from Latvia, and the brother-sister duo Alexandra and Roman Zaretsky, born in Belarus, who compete in ice dancing. Chicago native Ben Agosto, a 2006 Olympic silver medalist, is returning to compete in the ice-dancing pairs. Steve Mesler, a bobsledder from Buffalo, N.Y., is back for his third Olympics.  Laura Spector, 22, had qualified for the U.S. Olympic biathlon team that will be competing this month in Vancouver.

2010: Contemplating the Void: Interventions in the Guggenheim an exhibition featuring the work of Tel Aviv native Dror Benshtrit is scheduled to open at the Solomon Guggenheim Museum in New York City.

2010: The Israel Defense Forces thwarted an attempted stabbing attack by a Palestinian in Hebron today.

2010: IDF soldiers opened artillery and gun fire on a group of four Palestinians rigging explosives near the Gaza border.

2010: Anders Hogstrom was arrested today in Stockholm for allegedly ordering the theft of the metal sign reading “Arbeit macht frei” from the front gate at Auschwitz.  He was reportedly acting as angent for an unnamed British Nazi sympathizer who wanted to own the sign.

2010(1 Adar, 5770):  Rosh Chodesh Adar

2010(1 Adar, 5770): Seventy-one year old Allan Kornblum, who helped steer the F.B.I. into the post-J. Edgar Hoover era by drafting guidelines for its surveillance operations in the 1970s, and whose testimony helped convict the murderer of a black man in a celebrated civil rights case revived nearly 40 years after the event, died  today in Gainesville, Fla. (As reported by Patricia Sullivan)
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/02/14/AR2010021403994.html

2010: The Art Market Monitor reported that The Jewish Museum in New York went shopping in London last week, where it bought a 1913 painting by Vuillard at Christie’s. The museum paid $464,430 for the painting, well above its $288,554 high estimate. The money was provided by a patron who wishes to remain anonymous.

2011: The Matchmaker, “enchanting coming-of-age drama that tells the story of a relationship between an Israeli teen and a Holocaust survivor who makes ends meet by brokering marriages and has been nominated for 7 Israeli Academy Awards, including Best Film, is scheduled to be shown at the Atlanta Jewish Film Festival.

2011: “The Yankles” and “Army of Crime” are scheduled to be shown at the 21stAnnual San Diego Jewish Film Festival.

2011: Egypt's ruling military reassured its international allies today that there would be no break in its peace deal with Israel following the ouster of President Hosni Mubarak

2011(8thof Adar I, 5771): Ninety-six year Sofia Cosma the concert pianist who survived the Gulag, passed away today.
http://articles.latimes.com/2011/feb/22/local/la-me-sofia-cosma-20110222
http://www.suitcasefullofchocolate.com/wordpress/sofia-cosma/

2012: The New York Times features reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including “All The Time In The World: New and Selected Stories” by E. L. Doctorow.

2012: “Ahead of Time” and “Jewish Soldiers in Blue and Gray” are scheduled to be shown at the Athens Jewish Film Festival in Athens, GA.

2012: As we celebrate the 203rd anniversary of the birth of Abraham Lincoln, Edmon Rodman, has suggested that we take some time to remember Alfred W. Stern a Jewish clothing manufacturing executive who was “one of the greatest private collectors of works about Abraham Lincoln. (As reported by Edmon J. Rodman for the Jewish Telegraphic Agency)
http://www.jta.org/news/article/2011/02/15/2742924/collecting-lincoln-the-making-of-a-national-treasure

2012:A man was killed and three others were injured in an attack by the Israeli Air Force on tunnels and a weapons depot in the Gaza Strip today.

2012:The Israel Air Force may stop the production of the Iron Dome and David Sling missile interception systems in 2012 as a result of insufficient funds, a military budget breakdown revealed today.

2013: In Philadelphia, PA, the NFL held a memorial tribute honoring the life of Steve Sabol Z”L and his contributions professional football through “NFL Films” which he founded with his father Ed.

2013: A multi week-course entitled “The Supreme Court in the Age of Holmes and Brandeis” is scheduled to begin this afternoon. How the scion of a prominent New England family and Kentucky-born son of Jewish immigrants came to make common bond on the High Court should make for a fascinating trip through the legal and social history of the United States.

2013: “The Final Journey of King Herod the Great” is scheduled to open today at the Israel Museum. (As reported by Jessica Steinberg)

2013: Prisoner X,” who hanged himself in an Israeli jail in 2010, was an Australian citizen who worked for the Mossad but apparently committed a heinous crime, perhaps treason, the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) reported today.

2013: Emergency services were in Jerusalem were placed on high alert today due to intelligence reports of a terror threat to the capital.

2013: Journalist and author Joshua “Lehrer publicly apologized for his plagiarism and fabrications in a speech before the Knight Foundation” today

2014: The Center For Jewish History is scheduled to present “Threshold to the Sacred: The Ark Door of Cairo’s Ben Ezra Synagogue.”

2014: “Zaytoun” and “Aftermath” are scheduled to be shown at the 14th Annual Jewish Film Festival at the David Posnack Jewish Community Center

2014: “The Eleventh Day – The Survivors of Munich 1972” – a documentary in which the seven Israeli Olympians who survived the massacre tell their own story – is scheduled to be shown at San Diego’s Jewish Film Festival.

2014: “Some of France’s most esteemed culinary artists, including the head chef at the official residence of the French president, are scheduled to join the kitchens of some of Israel’s most popular restaurants, from Haifa to Beersheva, for a week of special menus and fusion cuisine.”

2014: One hundred fifth anniversary of the founding the NAACP, America’s leading Civil Rights organization whose founding 6 members included Dr. Henry Moskowitz

2014:’Israeli pairs skaters Evgeni Krasnopolsky and Andrea Davidovich finished the free skate finals in 15th place in the Sochi Winter Olympics today.”

2014(12thof Adar I, 5774): Ninety-one year old comedian and early giant of live nighttime television Sid Caesar passed away today.
http://www.timesofisrael.com/sid-caesar-comic-genius-of-1950s-television-dies-at-91/
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/13/arts/television/sid-caesar-comic-who-blazed-tv-trail-dies-at-91.html?hp&_r=0

2014(12thof Adar I 5774): Eighty-four year old New York real estate developer William Zeckendor, Jr. passed away today. (As reported by Douglas Martin)
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/14/nyregion/william-zeckendorf-jr-luxury-developer-dies-at-84.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&_r=0

2015: In Skokie, Illinois, Lyric Opera Orchestra is scheduled to perform chamber music by Mieczyslaw Weinberg, composer of The Passenger at Illinois Holocaust Museum & Education Center

2015: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to host the Commemoration of the 70th Anniversary of the Liberation of Auschwitz which was re-scheduled from January 27.

2015: The Legacy Council at the Center for Jewish History is scheduled to host The History of Matchmaking in the Jewish Community with Dr. Ruth Westheimer

Hosted by the Legacy Council at the Center for Jewish History
The History of Matchmaking in the Jewish Community with Dr. Ruth Westheimer

Hosted by the Legacy Council at the Center for Jewish History
The History of Matchmaking in the Jewish Community” with Dr. Ruth Westheimer.

2015(23rd of Shevat, 5775): Seventy-year old Harvey J. Goldschmid who was appointed to the Securities and Exchange Commission by President Bush in 2002 passed away today. (As reported by Julie Creswell)
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/13/business/harvey-goldschmid-74-ally-of-ordinary-shareholders.html?rref=obituaries&module=Ribbon&version=origin&region=Header&action=click&contentCollection=Obituaries&pgtype=article

2015(23rd of Shevat, 5775): Ninety-one year old nuclear physicist Ernest Sternglass passed away today. (As reported by Kenneth Chang)
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/21/science/ernest-sternglass-physicist-and-nuclear-critic-dies-at-91.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

2015: The Skirball Center is scheduled to host a Night of Israeli Cinema.

2015: Observance of Abraham Lincoln’s birthday, the 16th President of the United States who is the subject Lincoln and the Jews: A History by Jonathan Sarna and Benjamin Shapell published this year which should be as informative and interesting as Sarna’s previous Civil War efforts Jews and the Civil War and When Grant Expelled the Jews.

2016: Today the New York Historical Society announced today that Eric Foner’s Gateway to Freedom: The History of the Underground Railroad has received The American History Book Prize.

2016: “Flory’s Flame,” a “documentary about the life and music of renowned 90-year old Sephardic composer and performer Flory Jagoda” and “Peggy Guggenheim” a documentary about the famous art patron are scheduled to be shown at the San Diego Jewish Film Festival.

2016: Anniversary of the birth of Abraham Lincoln. Below is a potpourri of articles about Lincoln and the Jewish people.  Of course, Lincoln’s greatness transcends all of this.  The totality of the man was certainly greater than the sum of all of his parts.
http://mosaicmagazine.com/observation/2015/04/the-unusual-relationship-between-abraham-lincoln-and-the-jews/
http://www.jhsgw.org/exhibitions/online/lincolns-city/exhibits/show/mr-lincolns-city/essays/holzer
http://forward.com/culture/217863/abraham-lincolns-greatest-gift-to-the-jews/

2017(16th of Shevat, 5777): On the Jewish calendar, yahrzeit of Rabbi Sholom Mordechai Schwadron, the son of Rabbi Moshe Schwadron, the father of Isaac Schwadron, the rabbi of Khotymyr  and the grandfather of  Rabbi Sholom Schwadron, “the Maggid of Jerusalem.

2017: In Amherst, MA, the Yiddish Book Center is scheduled to host a screening of “The Venice, Ghetto, 500 Years of Life,” a film that “tells the story of the oldest ghetto in Europe (which marks its 500th anniversary this year) and of Venice’s Jewish community, seen through the eyes of a Jewish teenager from New York visiting family in the city.”

2017: “After 11 scoreless games Mike Brown was released from his PTO with Cleveland

2017: “The Pardes Institute of Jewish Studies, together with the London Partnership Minyan are” scheduled to present “a shiur by Rav Rahel Berkovits on ‘Women Rabbis and the Nature of Halakha.’”

2017: “Nazi Persecution of Homosexuals 1933-1945” – a traveling exhibition of the US Holocaust Memorial Museum is scheduled to open today at UNC Asheville.

2017: “Scots Jews: Photographs by Judah Passow” is scheduled to come to an end at the Jewish Museum in London today.

2017: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers includingThe Genius of Judaismby Bernard-Henri Lévy, The Attack by Loïc Dauvillier, The Arab of the Futureby Riad Sattouf, Rolling Blackoutsby Sarah Glidden andBlack Edge: Inside Information, Dirty Money, and the Quest to Bring Down the Most Wanted Man on Wall Streetby Sheelah Kolhatkar that provides a detailed account on which examines the career of hedge fund manager Steven A. Cohen.

2018: The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to co-host the Interfaith Formal at Trinity College this evening.

2018: “Alouette” and “Maydeleh and the Prisoner” are scheduled to be shown at the San Diego Jewish Film Festival as a part of the “Joyce Forum – A Day of Short Films.”

2018: The Streicker Center is scheduled to host Dr. Avivah Zornberg lecturing on “Narratives of Redemption: Trauma and Healing.”

2018: Celebrate the 209th Anniversary of the birth of Abraham Lincoln by reading Lincoln and the Jewsby Jonathan D. Sarna and Benjamin Shapell.

 

 

This Day, February 13, In Jewish History by Mitchell A. Levin

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February 13

515 BCE (3rd of Adar, 3245): Completion of the construction of the Second Temple at Jerusalem.

996: Fatimid caliph Al-Hakim who “ordered…Jews to wear wooden calves around their necks” began his reign today.

1130: The Papacy of Honorius II came to an end. Honorius took no action that directly affected the Jewish people.  However, he did take an active role in the affairs of Eretz Israel as the ultimate leader of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, the Crusader-established entity that the Christians used to control the homeland of the Jews.

1195: This day marked the Speyer (German) ritual-murder libel.  Although there was no proof of any wrongdoing, the Rabbi's daughter was dismembered and her body was hung in the market place for a few days. The rabbi, along with many others, was killed and their houses burned.

1349: Jews were expelled from Burgsordf, Switzerland.

1349: During the Black Plague, the newly chosen Town Council of Strasbourg, gave orders to arrest all the Jews in the city so that they could be put to death.

1469: Birthdate of Elia Levita, early Hebrew grammarian and Yiddish author.

1633: Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome so he can stand trial before the Inquisition for heresy. According to at least one source this episode highlighted a basic difference between Judaism and the Roman Catholic Church “There is no scientific fact regarding the natural world that in itself stands against any of the principles of Judaism.” (As reported by JewishHistory.org)

1681: In England, “the Old Artillery Ground,” the future site of the Sandys Row Synagogue, “was granted in perpetuity to George Bradbury and Edward Noell for £5,700, with license to build new houses on the same.”
http://sandysrow.org.uk/

1689: William and Mary are proclaimed joint sovereigns of Great Britain following the Glorious Revolution. By now, Jews had officially returned to Great Britain. According to some sources, Jewish financiers provided support for the cause that brought the new monarchs to the throne.  Eleven years after they began their reign, the Act for Suppressing Blasphemy which made practicing Judaism legal, was enacted.  King William would knight Solomon de Medina making him the first Jewish peer of the realm.

1728: Cotton Mather passed away.  Like many Puritans, he saw his people as the modern day Israelites.  For more on this see Cotton Mather and the Jews by Lee Friedman and “The Three Jewish Children At Berlin: Cotton Mather’s Obsession” by Linda Munk
http://books.google.com/books?id=QAWVuPvM--IC&pg=PA271&lpg=PA271&dq=cotton+mather+and+the+jews&source=bl&ots=UyPv3InBaS&sig=eVfcZa4o6rVcVr3RYEMZBVRKJqw&hl=en&sa=X&ei=pL0ZUY_bKaTC2QXNyIHICw&ved=0CD8Q6AEwAw

1770: Joseph Abrahams, the son of Abraham Abrahams of Aldgate, was admitted as a solicitor in Chancery today.

1776: A decree was issued forcing Jews who had moved out of the Ghetto of Frankfort to return

1794: Dr. Levi Meyers of Georgetown, SC married Francis Minis, “second daughter of the late Philip Minis” in Savannah, Ga.

1810: Birthdate of Naphtali Frankfurter, the native of Oberdorf who was the rabbi at the Reform temple in Hamburg and who was a member of the Hamburg Parliament.

1815: Birthday of critic and anthologist Rufus Wilmot Griswold whose marriage to South Carolina Jewess Charlotte Myers in 1845 was either unusual or scandalous depending on which version one chooses to believe.  In a day before the term “cougar” was in use, the 33 anthologist’s marriage to the 42 year well-to-do matron raised eyebrows.

1824: The will of Samuel Simons, a Jew living in Charleston, SC, was "proved today."  He left most of his estate "to relatives and institutions in London."  The one exception was “a bequest to his 'House Keeper Maria Chapman, a free woman of Colour" in the amount of "fourteen hundred dollars, two Negroes...with the issue and increase of the females and also two bedsteads bedding and chairs."  According to Sarna and Mendelssohn, a bequest of this size and nature would indicate that she was his mistress and not just a servant.

1824: In London, Mr. and Mrs. Zakok Aaron Jessel, gave birth to Sir George Jessel an influential jurist who was the first Jew to serve as the Master of Rolls, the most senior judge in England and Wales with the exception of the Lord Chief Justice

1829: Birthdate of Edmund Burke Wood the Canadian lawyer  who made a famous summation after presiding over the case of Kieva Barsky, one of a large group of Jewish refugees who had settled in Winnipeg in 1881 and 1882 after fleeing persecution in Russia. Barsky had been the victim of a vicious anti-Semitic attack while working on the Canadian Pacific Railway, narrowly escaping death when a certain Charles Wicks attacked him with an iron bar. Wood spoke of the contribution of the Jewish people to human history and said that it “...was wholly out of keeping with Canadian justice and surely not in keeping with the asylum that should be offered to persecuted Jewry” that this sort of act should be tolerated

1833(24th of Shevat): Rabbi Ezekeiel Feivel be Ze’ev Wolf, the Maggid of Vilno author of Musar Haskel passed away

1841: Birthdate of Heinemann Vogelstein a German rabbi who was a leader of the Reform Movement and the father of Hermann, Ludwig and Theodor Vogelstein and of Julie Braun-Vogelstein.

1842: At Budapest, “the son of the secretary of the Jewish congregation” and his wife gave birth to German actor Ludwig Barnay.

1847: Sharon Turner the English historian and friend of Isaac D’Israeli passed away today.  It was Turner who provided the advice to the Anglo-Jewish intellectual that led to the baptism of his children including the future Earl of Beaconsfield.

1847(27th of Shevat): Rabbi Zundel, author Kenaf Rananim passed away

1849: Birthdate of Lord Randolph Churchill, the father of Sir Winston Churchill.  Unlike many of his class, according to the great historian Martin Gilbert, Churchill “was noted for his friendship with individual Jews.” Lord Randolph had so many Jewish friends that he was the butt of jokes at his clubs. Of course the Jews with whom Churchill associated were men of his economic and social class such as the Rothschilds and Sir Ernest Cassel, a close personal friend of the Prince of Wales (the future King Edward). According to Gilbert who was Sir Winston’s official biographer, the younger Churchill’s Jewish friendships were originally an attempt to show support for his father and gain the paternal approval he so longed for.

1851: Charles VI “an 1843 French grand opera in five acts with music composed by Fromental Halevy” was performed for the first time in German in Hamburg.

1854(15thof Shevat, 5614): Tu B’Shevat

1854(15thof Shevat, 5614: Ninety-three year old Philadelphia native Leah Nathan Hart, the wife of Jacob Naphtali Hart and mother of Zipporah Hart passed away today in New York City

1860(20thof Shevat, 5620): Seventy-one year old Isaac Baer Levinsohn “a notable Russian-Hebrew scholar, satirist, writer and Haskalah leader who was called ‘the Russian Mendelssohn’” passed away today.

1862: Birthdate of musician Karel Weis who composed “The Polish Jew.”

1864: Union General Benjamin Butler responded to a second letter from N.S. Isaacs in which he had complained about the General’s negative characterization of Jews, stating that they were smuggling supplies to Confederates in Louisiana and then describing them in classic anti-Semitic terms. In defending himself, the General wrote, “I admit that my experience with men of the Jewish faith or nation has been an unfortunate one. Living in an inland town in Massachusetts before the war, I had met but few…”

1865: Chaim (Henry) Abrams married Sophia Joel in Edinburgh, Scotland today.

1865: Private Abraham Greenawalkt, Company G, 104th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, U.S. Army was awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor for his courageous service at the Battle of Franklin in November, 1864.

1866: Birthdate of Lev Isaakovich Schwarzmann, the Russian born philosopher who gained fame as Lev Isaakovich Shestov.  He was forced to flee after the October Revolution and found refuge in France where he died in 1938.

1870: In a town near Wilno, Anna and Maciej Godowsky, gave birth to pianist and composer Leopold Godowsky.

1871: In Kovno, Lazar Stein and Rosalia Leinson gave birth to illustrator Modest Stein who after a short stay in Paris came to the United States in 1888, married Marcia Mishkin and worked for numerous publications including the New York Press, New York Herald, Philadelphia North American and the New York World.

1871: In Omaha, Nebraska, Leah and Edward Rosewater gave birth to Victor S. Rosewater who followed in his father’s footsteps as editor and publisher of the Omaha Bee and a leader in Republican Party politics.
http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=F10B11F7395A11728DDDAA0994DF405B8088F1D3

1874: It was reported today that Glad Tidings, a Jewish journal is being printed every Friday in Calcutta using “the Arabic language and Hebrews characters.”

1875(7th of Adar I, 5635): Rabbi Zacharias Frankel passed away.  The scion of a rabbinic family from Prague, Frankel “was the founder, in Germany, of Historical Judaism, the forerunner of Conservative Judaism in America. A member of the first generation of modern rabbis, Frankel fashioned a multifaceted career as pulpit rabbi, spokesman for political emancipation, critic of radical religious reform, editor, head of the first modern rabbinical seminary, and historian of Jewish law.”

1876: An article published today tracing the history of cremation from ancient times to the present reported that “the early Christians followed the custom of the Jews, which was bury, not to burn the dead.  The Rabbis gave the text, ‘Dust thou art, and unto dust thou shalt return’ as a reason for burial and refused to burn the deceased members of the community.”  The great historian Tacitus was apparently well acquainted with Jews and their customs since he noted that among the Jews, “it is their practice – ‘corpora condere quam cremare’---‘to bury rather than to burn.’ (Tacitus, History, Volume 5)

1876: In a testament to futility, it was reported today that Abraham Joseph Levy who is currently in Cincinnati, Ohio working to convert Jews to Christianity visited approximately 600 hundred Jewish families in 1875 and succeeded in converting one family of six to Christianity.

1876: Martha May Cohen and Louis Samuel Cohen gave birth to Stanley Samuel Gilbert Cohen

1879: Birthdate of Ernest Albert Rosehnheim the native of Liverpool who gained fame as Ernest Rose, the race car driver who rose to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel while serving in the British Expeditionary Force during WW I.

1880: 1st of Adar, 5640): Rosh Chodesh Adar

 1880: The funeral of Asher Bijur, a prominent New York tobacco merchant and leader of the Jewish community is scheduled to take place at his home on West 53rdStreet followed by burial at Cypress Hill.

1881: The synagogue in Neustettin burned down today, a few days after Ernst Henrici had delivered an “anti-Semitic diatribe.” While the Jews thought it was anti-Semitic inspired arson the authorities thought differently and five members of the Jewish community convicted on charges of arson so they could get the insurance money.  The verdict was overturned on appeal.

1881(14th of Adar): Rabbi Gershon Tanhum of Minsk author of Elano d’Hayei passed away

1881: Rabbi E.B.M. Browne of Atlanta, GA, delivered a lecture at the Central Methodist Episcopal Church in New York City on the subject of “The Talmud” during which he explained the origins and history of this compendium of Jewish law while dispelling many of the myths surrounding it.  Browne wore many hats and served several pulpits.  Browne was the founder and editor of The Jewish South, “a weekly edited first in Atlanta and later in New Orleans” which he described as “the only Jewish Journal this side of the Mason and Dixon Line.”

1882: It was reported today that the annual masquerade ball of the Purim Association will taking place on the evening of March 2nd.

1882 In London, Anglo-Jewish author Benjamin Farjeon and his wife Maggie who was not Jewish gave birth to award-winning author Eleanor Farjeon.

1883: Seventy-nine year old composer Richard Wagner passed away.
http://www.aish.com/jw/s/Wagners-Anti-Semitism.html
http://forward.com/articles/193474/why-jews-stood-up-for-richard-wagner/?p=all
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/anti-semitism/Wagner.html

1884(17thof Shevat, 5644): Seventy-one year old Aaron David Bernstein “a German Jewish author, reformer and scientist” whose “translation of the “Song of Songs” and “his publication of Young Germany established his reputation among the literary critics of Berlin.”

1885: In the UK, the Mersey Tunnel, which was built under the leadership of Samuel Isaac, opened today.

1885(28thof Shevat, 5645): Seligman Solomon passed away.

1887: Birthdate of Guy Zinn, the native of Holbrook, West Virginia who played for all three “major leagues” –  American, National and Federal – from 1911 until 1915.

1887: Rabbi Alexander Kohut of Ahawath Chesed left for Baltimore this afternoon where he is scheduled to marry Rebekah Bettleheim.

1889: Birthdate of Leontine Schlesinger, the Austrian born actress and director the world would know as Leontine Sagan.

1890: The Russian Jews, who arrived in New York yesterday from Hamburg on board the SS Rugia, will probably be placed in quarantine at a building on Clinton Street which the Board of Health uses for emergency purposes.  The Jews are suspected of having contracted typhus fever which has an incubation period of from 18 to 21 days.

1890: It was reported today that the brass band from the Hebrew Orphan Asylum under the direction of Mr. Wiegand will perform “Philadelphia March” in its premiere performance at the upcoming reception hosted by the Seligman Solomon Society.

1891: The will of Philadelphian Ellen M. Philips who had passed away on February 2 was admitted to probate today.

1892(15thof Shevat, 5652): Tu B’Shevat

1892: American Socialist leader Julius Gerber married Lena Sacht today in New York.

1893: Charles Frohman’s comedic performers are appearing at the Standard Theatre in New York in “The Girl I Left Behind Me.”

1893: The committee formed by the Central Conference of American Rabbis “to arrange the seconding part of the Union Prayer book containing the services for Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur” met for the second time today in Chicago.

1894: The Independent Western Star Order whose members included N.T. Brenner, Eugene Weinberger and Sam Cohen was organized today in Chicago, Illinois.

1895: The Hebrew Institute hosted a meeting where the issues of tenement house improvements and “the single tax” were discussed.

1895: It was reported today that an autopsy will need to be held to determine the cause of death for Mrs. Hannah Steinberger whose friends claim she took he own life.  They blamed her action on the cumulative mistreatment of her by her husband who was arrested last October for assaulting his wife.

1895: In Atlanta, GA, a grand ball will be held this evening in Concordia Hall, for the delegates attending the district convention of B’nai Brith. (Editor’s Note – The Concordia Association was formed by Hungarian and German Jews in 1867 and was the site of Atlanta’s first Jewish wedding.  The Association morphed into the Standard Club in the 1900’s)

1897: It was reported that Theodore Roosevelt, President of the Board of Police Commissioners delivered the main address at the dedication Hebrew Technical Institute’s new facility which had been held on Lincoln’s Birthday even though the building was actually ready for use on January 4.  Other speakers included Max Lowenthal who “delivered an address for the alumni of the institute and …Professor Morris Loeb, Chairman of the Instruction Committee.”

1897: Dr. E.G. Hirsch of Chicago conducted Shabbat morning services today at Temple Beth-El in New York; the congregation served by Rabbi Kaufmann Kohler.

1898: “The Dawn of Literature” published today summarized the views of Harvard Professor C.H.Toy’s regarding the relationship between Egyptian and Babylonian literature and Hebrew literature. He contends that the account of the flood was “engraved on clay tables about 2000 B.C,, long before the Hebraic account was written and…the Biblical account was founded on the Babylonian.”  He also said that he Jews took the stories of Ruth, Jonah and Esther from the literature of the Egyptians.
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0019_0_19475.html

1899: The Union of Judæo-German Congregations which had been founded in 1869 was officially incorporated today.

1901: In Vienna, Sophie and Robert Lazarsfeld gave birth to sociologist Paul Felix Lazarsfeld, the founder of Columbia University's Bureau for Applied Social Research.

1901:  Constantin C. Arion, who had said that his “Government would grant rights to the Jews in accordance with the peace treat” and that the Government “would completely abolish Article 7 of the Rumanian Constitution” which states that “Jews in Rumania are aliens and that naturalization is only possible for them individually” completed his service as Minister of Religion and Public Instruction today. (Editor’s Note – Going back to the Congress of Berlin, Rumanian government were always promising to emancipate the Jews living in the country and always failing to do so.)

1902: Birthdate of Louis R. Oshins who “was City College of New York (CCNY) first team captain when the school resumed football in 1922 and later became head coach at Brooklyn College where his most famous player was Allie Sherman, future coach of the New York Giants.

1906: Another Jewish massacre was reported to have taken place in Bessarabia.

1909: In Newcastle, New South Wales, “Sir Samuel Cohen and his wife Elma (née Hart)” gave birth to Major General Paul Alfred Cullen, who served with distinction during WW II in both North Africa and the Pacific campaigns against Japan.
http://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/cullen-paul-alfred-20603

1910(4th of Adar): Rabbi Eliezer Gordon, founder of the Yeshiva in Telz Lithuania passed away today.

1911: Despite his continued involvement with Friede Kunke, “at the urging of his family” novelist Bruno Alfred Döblin “was reluctantly engaged” to his future wife Erna Reiss.

1912: “W. Seligman Kills Himself In A Hotel” published today described the events surrounding the suicide of Washington Seligman, the son of banker James Seligman, who had made an unsuccessful attempt to take his life in May of 1903 by slashing his throat with a razor.

1913: Birthdate of Brooklynite Devery Freeman, the writer and U.S Navy veteran who helped to establish the Writers Guild Of Ameirca.
http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9801E6D7173FF937A25753C1A9639C8B63

1913: The Council of Jewish Women in Los Angeles, California opened a day nursery for children of working mothers of all nationalities.

1913: “The Other” a cinema version of a play of the same name directed by Max Mack and produced by Jules Greenbaum was released today in Germany.

1913(6th of Adar): Author Yehiel Michael Pines passed away
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0016_0_15791.html
http://www.jewishgen.org/yizkor/ruzhany/ruz077.html

1914: Sixty year old Alphonse Bertillon who testified as a “handwriting expert” which he was not that “Alfred Dreyfus had written the incriminating document (known as the "bordereau") which resulted in condemning an innocent man to a disgraceful discharge and life sentence at the French penal colony of Devil’s Island.

1915: It was reported today that a group of porters and drivers, many of whom were Jews were forced to leave the fortress at Przemysl and sought refuge in the Russian lines where they said the garrison’s only meat ration was horseflesh

1915: U.S. Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniel today wrote to Herman Bernstein, editor of The Day, that he had discussed the request of the Jewish Relief Committee with President Wilson and that he would be willing to naval vessels, (in this case the U.S.S. North Carolina and the U.S.S. Scorpion, carry “food and medicines for the sick and starving in the Holy Land” as long as the quantities were limited to the space available and the supplies were loaded without delaying the sailing of the vessels.

1915: It was reported today that “the Committee on Unemployment among Jewish Girls of which Mrs. Alexander Kohurt is Chairman has arranged with the War Relief Committee to sell milk at a cent a glass to the 600 girls in the 7 workrooms that to the generosity of Mrs. Charles Oppenheim who has made up the deficit in the cost of the milk.

1916: “Julius Kahn, the Republican Congressman from California” told a meeting of the Young Men’s Hebrew Association that 50,000 Jews were fighting in the British Army, 175,000 Jews in the German Army and 350,000 Jews in the Russian Army and that “the Jew has always fought well for whatever country he might living in and for his God” which gave him good reason that Jews would serve in the Army being expanded to meet the possible threat of involvement in the war now raging in Europe.

1916: As Americans debated whether nor to take part in the World War, “Isaac Siegel, the Republican Congressman for the Twentieth District of New York said that the country was passing through a critical period, that it was time to adopt a policy that meant something and that the home industries and American lives on the high seas must be protected.”

1916: In Nuremberg, Marianne Rath and Julius Heydecker gave birth to Joe J. Heydecker whose secretly made photographic record of the Warsaw Ghetto provide a record of the Nazi atrocities.

1916: As of today, the fund of the Jewish Relief Committee of which Felix M. Warburg is the treasurer has collected $2,763,764.14 which means it has almost reached its goal of three million dollars.

1916: As part of Justice Samuel Greenbaum’s appeal to New Yorkers to support the Educational Alliance, the public was invited “to visit the alliance at 137 East Broadway and see what is being done to make the young people good Americans and place them under good influences” while keeping them off of the streets.

1917: In Hudson, NY, Russian Jewish refugees Isaac and Ella Miler Slutzky gave birth to Orville Andrew Slutzky “who with his brother founded the Hunter Mountain ski resort in upstate New York, known in the 1960s for its celebrity clientele and in the 1970s.” (Paul Vitello)

1918:  The Kaiser told “a War Council…that there was a world-wide conspiracy against Germany, the participants in which included…’international Jewry’…He made no mention of the fact that as many as ten thousand Jews…had already been killed fighting in the ranks of the German Army..”

1919: German lawyer and politician Eugene Schiffer began serving as the Minister of Finance today.

1920: “The Jewish Chronicle” published an article taking exception to Winston Churchill’s characterization of a Jewish relationship to Bolshevism in an article he had published in the “Illustrated Sunday Herald.” 

1921: Today marked the end of the three day celebration marking the incorporation of Congregation Shaaray Tefila.

1923: Birthdate of Yifrah Neaman, the Lebanese born British violinist.
http://www.theguardian.com/news/2003/jan/08/guardianobituaries1

1926: “ ‘Reminiscences of My Father’ was the topic chosen by Maxa Nordau, daughter of the late philosopher, author and Zionist, Max Nordau for her first lecture” tonight at the Town Hall in New York City.

1928: Birthdate of Bronx native Gerald Fried, “the son of Ukrainian and Polish Jewish immigrants whose high school friends included filmmaker Stanley Kurbrick and who, after mastering the Oboe became the composer of  music for films and television.
http://www.mmmrecordings.com/Composers/Fried/fried.html

1928: After an absence of six months, former State Senator Nathan Straus delivered an address tonight a meeting of the United Palestine Appeal at Temple B’nai Israel of Washington where he drew “a comparison between the national ideals of the Polish, Irish and Jewish peoples.

1930(15thof Shevat, 5690): First Tu B’Shevat of the Great Depression

1931: “A huge flood…burst” the “Zero Canal” devastating the first power plant “to create electricity for the entire north of Palestine.” (As reported by Aviva and Shmuel Bar-Am)

1931: In the wake of a British white paper aimed at limiting Jewish immigration to Palestine, today Prime Minister Ramsay Macdonald wrote the famous “Macdonald Letter” to Chiam Weizmann. The limitation on immigration had been brought on by violent Arab riots in 1929. ,http://www.thejerusalemfund.org/www.thejerusalemfund.org/carryover/documents/macdonald.html 

1932: “A Tremendously Rich Man” a comedy directed by Steve Sekely and produced by Joe Pasternak was released in Germany today.

1934: In Great Neck, NY Fannie Blanche Segal (née Bodkin) and George Segal, Sr., a malt and hop agent gave birth to actor and some-time banjo player George Segal.

1936: Today, “Rabbi Stephen S. Wise, the national chairman of the United Palestine Appeal announced” today “the formation of a physicians committee to raise funds for the settlement in Palestine of a maximum number of Jews of Germany and other countries.”

1936: Approximately 2,000 people attended an anniversary party in the grand ballroom of the Waldorf-Astoria which was a “celebration of Mrs. Felix Warburg’s sixtieth birthday anniversary” and a tribute “to her dynamic leadership in Jewish philanthropy”

1936: According to the annual report issued today by Gabriel Davidson, the general manager of the Jewish Agricultural Society, “Jewish farmers in the United States have weather the economic difficulties of the last few years and are no making steady progress in agriculture.”

1937: George Backer, the chairman of the Greater New York campaign announced today that “the city’s quota in the $4,650,000 national drive of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, now under way, has been set at $1,860,000” which “will be used for the aid of persecuted European Jews, chiefly in Poland and Germany.”

1937: While various branches of Christianity tried to decide how to deal with the Nazis, “The Minister of Church Affairs” told a group of churchmen, that “Christianity is not dependent upon the Apostle's Creed .... [but] is represented by the Party .... the German people are now called ... by the Führer to a real Christianity .... The Führer is the herald of a new revelation.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that two Arab brothers were shot and killed by Arab terrorists near Nablus. The Haifa-Kantara-Cairo train was delayed by sabotage attributed to Arabs taking part in the uprising.

1938: Senator Burton K. Wheeler of Montana delivered a speech to two thousand members of the Brooklyn Conference of the United Palestine Appeal at the Hotel St. George which was broadcast over Station WHEN in which he declared “that anti-Semitic regimes like those in German and Rumania were inimical not only to Jews but to Christians” and “that the United States, by virtue of a resolution passed by Congress in 1922 in support of the Balfour Declaration should ‘exert its influence in favor of allowing maximum Jewish immigration into Palestine.’”

1938: “A nationwide investigation of the status of all foreign immigrants living in Mexico” which is really aimed at Jews who have settled in the country since the 1920’s “has been ordered by the Secretary of the Interior according to an official state made by the President today.”

1938: It was announced today that author I.J. Singer will be the speaker at the upcoming tea sponsored by The Women’s American Ort which is part of its effort “to increase membership and facilitate its work in the rehabilitation of the Jews of Eastern and Central Europe.

1938: While an official communique published to said that “Cino Olivetti had resigned the vice presidency of the Corporation of Textile Products, the presidency of the Italian Cotton Institute and the commissionership of the National Fascist Corporation of Cotton Industrialists “ “for personal reasons” this action was seen as “the first move toward outing Jews from prominent positions in Italian life.”

 1939:  Gone with the Wind director George Cukor was fired by Producer David O. Selznick. Selznick objected to the slow pace of filming, and star Clark Gable had personal conflicts with Cukor. Cukor was replaced the next day with Victor Fleming, who won that year's Academy Award for Best Director for the film. If you have trouble going to sleep, instead of counting sheep, try counting the Jews involved in the making of “Gone With the Wind.”

1939: In “German: Reactions to Hitler” Time magazine reported that Every time Fiihrer Adolf Hitler gets ready to make a speech the world gets scared. Every time he gets through making a speech the world is relieved that he has not immediately plunged it into war. Much the same sense of relief was evident last week after the Dictator finished his annual Reichstag address. Because he announced no troop movements, made no mention of forthcoming invasions and delivered his address in rather more subdued tones than usual, many correspondents, editorial writers, even statesmen called the speech "mild." Those who took the trouble to wade through the long, formless address, however, discovered that it was actually one of the most sensational and threatening talks ever made by the head of a State. Excerpts:

> "Surely no one can seriously assume that, as in the case of Germany, a mass of 80,000,000 intelligent persons, can be permanently condemned as pariahs or be forced to remain passive forever by having some ridiculous legal title [to colonies], based solely on former acts of force, held up before them."

> "In time of crisis one single energetic man outweighs ten feeble intellectuals."

> "Europe cannot settle down until the Jewish question is cleared up."

> "If the international Jewish financiers in and outside Europe should succeed in plunging the nations once more into a world war, then the result will not be the bolshevization of the earth, and thus the victory of Jewry, but the annihilation of the Jewish race in Europe."

> "We shall protect the German clergy in their capacities as God's ministers, but we shall destroy clergy who are enemies of the German Reich."

> "Let us thank Almighty God that He has granted to our generation and to us the great blessing of experiencing this period of history and this hour."

Remarks like these gave Neville Chamberlain "the impression that it was not the speech of a man who was preparing to throw Europe into another crisis." Not a few other popular spokesmen on both sides of the Atlantic failed to share this view. Said Commentator Dorothy Thompson of the New York Herald Tribune: "Hitler never delivered a more ominous speech or one more cunningly calculated to befuddle his opponents and create dissension in democracies. The speech boils down to a declaration of intention to reapportion the distribution of the world's wealth among nations." James G. McDonald, chairman of President Roosevelt's Committee for Refugees, thought the speech was a threat to peace, that it heralded the Nazis' use of the Jews for expansion purposes. Osservatore Romano, semi-official organ of the Roman Catholic Church, challenging the Fiihrer's statement that no religious persecution exists in Germany, declared that "liberty has lost all meaning in the ecclesiastical and religious fields in the Third Reich."

1939: “The German Government’s proposals toward helping the orderly emigration of refuges from the Reich were submitted today to the delegates of thirty-two counties” which some think “foreshadows a checking, if not a reversing of the increasingly ruthless pressure applied to Jews…in the past six years.”

1940:Captain Paul Cohen, commanding B Company of the 2/2nd Battalion, 16th Brigade arrived in North Africa.

1941: Nazi leaders attacked the Dutch Jewish Council.

1942(25th of Shevat, 5702): In the Minsk Ghetto, Germans killed the leaders of the Jews deported from Hamburg.

1943: The father of Henri Krasucki, Izaak Krasucki who had been arrested on charges of sabotage was deported from Drancy today and sent to Birkenau “where he was gassed upon his arrival.”

1943: Twelve young Jews who had escaped from the Bialystok ghetto deportations attacked a German police unit at Lobpowy Most.

1943: Jews in Salonica were prohibited from walking on the street at night, nor using any telephone, private or public.

1943: Pianist Władysław Szpilman was able to escape from the Warsaw Ghetto.

1944: Birthdate of Sheldon Silver the graduate of Rabbi Jacob Joseph High School and Yeshiva University who began serving as Speaker of the New York State Assembly in 1994.

1944:  Birthdate of sometime politician and disreputable television host, Jerry Springer

1945(30th of Shevat, 5705): Henrietta Szold, American-Jewish women's leader and the founder of Hadassah, who had been seriously ill in Hadassah University Hospital on Mount Scopus since December, died today at the age of 84.
http://jwa.org/thisweek/feb/13/1945/henrietta-szold

1945: On the day before the night bombing of Dresden, Victor Klemper assisted in delivering notices of deportation to some of the last remaining members of the Jewish community in Dresden. Fearful that he too would soon be sent to his death he used the confusion created by Allied bombings that night to remove his yellow star, join a refugee column, and escape into American-controlled territory.”

1945: During World War II, the Red Army takes Budapest, Hungary from Wehrmacht forces. Reportedly 100,000 Jews were still alive when the Soviets freed the city from Nazi control. 

1945: In Marylebone, London, Gertie (née Steinberg), and Arthur Schama gave birth to historian Simon Schama.

1946: Birthdate of Richard Blumenthal, an American lawyer and Democratic politician who has served Attorney General of Connecticut.

1950: Dr. Serge Koussevitzky, the 75 year old conduct emeritus conduct of the Boston Symphony arrived in Israel where he will be giving 16 concerts between now and March 27.

1952: Birthdate Irene Dische, an American writer born and raised in New York's Washington Heights district. Her parents were Viennese Jews, and the neighborhood was home to so many German Jews that it was known as "the Fourth Reich." That German Jews would refer to their new surroundings in this way explains, in part, Dische's unusual world view, which sees isolated individuals living in a shadow realm of confounded cultural identities. Her works include Strange Traffic and The Empress of Weehawken.

1952(17th of Shevat, 5712): German born musicologist Alfred Einstein passes away at the age of 71.  Einstein is one of a long list of intellectuals who fled Hitler’s Germany and made their home in the world of American Academia.

1954: Birthdate of sportscaster Howard “Howie” Rose the “voice” of the Mets and the Islanders.

1955 Israel acquired four of the seven Dead Sea scrolls. Between 1947 and 1956 thousands of fragments of biblical and early Jewish documents were discovered in eleven caves near the site of Khirbet Qumran on the shores of the Dead Sea. These important texts have revolutionized our understanding of the way the Bible was transmitted, and have illuminated the general cultural and religious background of ancient Palestine.

1955: NBC broadcast the first episode of “Captain Gallant of the Foreign Legion” produced by Herschel “Harry” Saltzman.

1955: “The Big Combo” film noire written by Philip Yordan was released today in the United States.

1959: Mattel began selling the Barbie doll.  Ruth Handler, President of Mattel, was the major force behind the creation and marketing of this American cultural icon.

1960(15thof Shevat, 5720): Tu B’Shevat 

1965: The United States Figure Skating Championships, in which Taffy Pergament placed seventh, came to an end today.

1965: The Italian government prevented a private theatre in Rome from staging a production of Rolf Hochhuth’s play “The Deputy” which deals with Pope Pius XII’s response to the murder of the Jews.

1969: Joseph Rosenstock closed out his 8 year career at the Met today when he conducted “Die Meistersinger.

1975(2ndof Adar, 5735): Seventy-seven year old silent screen actress Dagmar Godowsky passed away on the 105th anniversary of the birth of her father Leopold Godowsky.

1975: CBS broadcast the first screening of “Queen of the Stardust Ballroom” with a script by Jerome Kass.

1983: “Merline” a musical written by Richard Levinson, with music by Elmer Bernstein and lyrics by Don Black opened today on Broadway at the Mark Hellinger Theatre.

1987: “84 Charring Cross Road” produced by Mel Brooks was released in the United States today

1991(29th of Shevat, 5751): Bernard Sauer Yiddish actor suffers a fatal heart attack at the age of 67. “He appeared on Broadway in 1966 in "Let's Sing Yiddish," starring Ben Bonus. He also performed in "Light, Lively and Yiddish" and in "Sing Israel Sing." He was also part of a Yiddish repertory company that performed in 1971 at the Anderson Theater in Manhattan. He was the president of the Hebrew Actors Union for the last five years and a board member of the Yiddish Theatrical Alliance. He was born in Buenos Aires and attended drama school there. His first theatrical appearance was in 1945 in Joseph Buloff's "Yoshke, the Musician."”

1994 (2nd of Adar, 5754):Noam Cohen, age 28, a member of the General Security Service, was shot and killed in an ambush on his car. Two of his colleagues who were also in the vehicle suffered moderate injuries. HAMAS claimed responsibility for the attack.

1994: The New York Times announces the reissuing of two classics: the intriguing, elegantly narrated Freud’s Moses: Judaism Terminable and Interminable by Yosef Hayim Yerushalmi in which the author, a historian, analyzes Sigmund Freud's book Moses and Monotheism, arguing that despite its unorthodox approach, the work can still be read as a celebration of Judaism and , in paperback, A History of the Jews in America by Howard M. Sachar

1996(22nd of Shevat, 5756):  Actor Martin Balsam passed away at the age of 76.
http://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/14/nyregion/martin-balsam-is-dead-at-76-ubiquitous-character-actor.html

1997:  In what some might see as Jewish musical chairs Janet Yellin was confirmed to replace Joseph Stiglitz as Chair of the President’s Council of Economic Advisers.

1998: “Sphere” a sci-fi thriller directed and produced Barry Levinson, starring Dustin Hoffman and Live Schreiber, with music by Elliot Goldenthal whose father is Jewish and filmed by cinematographer Adam Greenberg was released in the United States today.

2000: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Empires of the Sand The Struggle for Mastery in the Middle East, 1789-1923 by Efraim Karsh and Inari Karsh and The Mysteries Within: A Surgeon Reflects on Medical Mythsby Sherwin B. Nuland.

2001: Michael Jay Solomon began serving a three year term as Chairman of the Board and CEO of the Team Communications Group, Inc.

2003(10th of Adar I, 5763): Walt Whitman Rostow, U.S. economist, and one of the famous Rostow brothers who served as foreign policy advisors to Presidents Kennedy and Johnson, passed away. (As reported by Todd S. Purdum
http://www.nytimes.com/2003/02/15/obituaries/15ROST.html?pagewanted=all

2004: Grace Brothers stores were rebranded as Myer. Myer, the largest department store chain in Australia, was started by Sidney Myer a Russian Jew who came to Melbourne in 1899.

2005: A revival production of Arthur Laurents’ “Hallelujah Baby” is scheduled to come to a close at the Arena Theatre.

 2005: The Chicago Tribune reported that the descendants of the Frieder Brothers and those saved from the Holocaust through their efforts related the stories of survival during a public program at the Plum Street Temple in downtown Cincinnati. The Frieder Brothers were Cincinnati Jews who ran a family-owned cigar factory in the Philippines where they helped Jews from Hitler's Germany and Austria take refuge.  They enlisted the help of the first Philippine President Manuel Quezon and the U.S. High Commissioner of the Philippines Paul McNutt in their efforts to save thousands of Jews.  Quezon and McNutt were also being honored for their efforts.  Details of this self-less act of courage can be in found in Ephraim's Escape to Manila: From Nazi Tyranny to Japanese Terror, a book that chronicles their rescue efforts. The Frieder family was very modest.  My sister, Judy Levin Rosenstein (of blessed memory) went to college with Judy Frieder where they began a life-long friendship.  “Frieder” nor any of her family members ever mentioned this episode. 

 2005:  The Chicago Tribune reviewed The Orientalist: Solving the Mystery of a Strange and Dangerous Life by Tom Reiss, a biography of Lev Nussimbaum, one of those fascinating, colorful characters who populate the periphery of history.

 2005:  The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Right Turns: Unconventional Lessons From a Controversial Life by Michael Medved and My Guardian Angel by Sylvie Weil.  Written for children, this historical novel describes the events that surrounded the arrival of the Crusaders at the town of Troyes, France in 1096.  The tale is told through the eyes of a twelve year old girl named Elvina who is the granddaughter Rashi.  We all know about Rashi's daughters and grandsons.  Here is a chance to learn about his granddaughter and the fate of the Jews of France and Germany during the time of the First Crusade.

2006(15thof Shevat, 5766): Tu B’Shvat

2006: “The United States and Israel are discussing ways to destabilize the Palestinian government so that newly elected Hamas officials will fail and elections will be called again, according to Israeli officials and Western diplomats.”

2006: Naomi Blumenthal, a Likud MK, was convicted of bribery and obstruction of justice and was sentenced to 8 months in prison, a ten month suspended sentence and was fined 75,000 shekels.

2007: Stephen Allen Schwarzman, the CEO of the Blackstone celebrated his 60thbirthday a day ahead of time with at the Armory on Park Avenue with a guest that included everybody from Mayor Michael Bloomberg to real estate mogul and future President of the United States, Donald Trump.

2007: Gabi Ashkenazi became the Chief of the General Staff of the Israel Defense Forces. Born in Hagor in 1954, he joined the army in 1972 as a member of the famous Golani Brigade and saw his first combat in the Sinai during the Yom Kippur War in 1973.

2007: “In the Loop” published today described the comings and goings in the federal government including the hiring of Dan Shapiro by Timmons and Company.

2007: Richard Pearlstone, a member of the prominent philanthropic Meyerhoff family, has been nominated to a possible eight-year term as chair of the Jewish Agency's board of governors, beginning in June. The Meyerhoff family of Baltimore donates millions of dollars a year to various charitable institutions in the U.S. and Israel. Pearlstone himself is affiliated with dozens of institutions and is former national chair of the UJA. He is also former chair of the Agency's budget and finance committee. The Meyerhoff family owned Monumental Life Insurance Company was bought by the AEGON, a Dutch insurance conglomerate. 

2008: The 12thNew York Sephardic Jewish Festival continues with showings of “The Last Jews of Libya,” the U.S. Premiere “Leaving Paradise: The Jews of Jamaica,“ the New York premiere of “Ladino – Five Hundred Years Young,” and the North American premiere of “Goodbye Mothers” (Adieu Mères).

2008: Israeli author Amos Oz and former U.S. vice president Al Gore are among the recipients of this year's Dan David Prize for influential scientific, technological, cultural or social achievements, the prize administrators announced in Tel Aviv.

2008: In a dinner speech given at a meeting of members of France’s Jewish community President Nicolas Sarkozy announced that beginning next fall, every fifth grader will have to learn the life story of one of the 11,000 French children killed by the Nazis in the Holocaust

2009: Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg was released from Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center today, a week after surgery to remove a tumor on her pancreas, the court announced.

2009:IAF aircraft struck in the Gaza Strip town of Khan Yunis this afternoon after two Kassam rockets were earlier fired at southern Israel.

2009: Amy Siegel won first place at the third annual Manischewitz Cook-Off with her Marvelous Mediterranean Sliders. At the Third Annual Simply Manischewitz Cook-Off six finalists, amateur cooks whose recipes were selected from among thousands of submissions whipped up their easy-to-make dishes at the Marriot Marquis in New York as they competed for the $25,000 grand prize

2010: The JCC On the Palisades is scheduled to host an evening with Nachum Heiman, recipient of the 2009 Israel Prize for Music.

2010: Dan Naturman, Tommy Savitt, Gregg Rogell, Sunda Croonquist and Joe Marks are scheduled to appear in The Raging Jews of Comedy at the Historic Sixth and I Synagogue in Washington, D.C.

2010: "Zubin and I" is scheduled to broadcast this evening, as part of the Cultural Heroes series. “Zubin” is Zubin Mehta. “I” is producer Uri Sivan. It is Israeli. But it is not about war, or Yiddishkeit or any of the other mundane items that seem to grab the headlines and mistakenly define what it means to be Jewish.

2010: In an article describing how  people coped with the record snowstorms in the Washington metropolitan area entitled “Churches, worshipers also feel storms'” Michelle Boorstein writes about Tamara Miller, 62, who was expecting to go to synagogue on Wednesday, the third anniversary of her father's death, to say the mandatory annual prayer for the dead. Miller knew the synagogue would have the quorum of 10 Jews required under Jewish law for certain obligations, including the reciting of the mourner's prayer. When she saw the blizzard, however, she thought of the 1990s TV show "Northern Exposure," about a Jewish doctor living in Alaska, and the episode in which residents of the mostly American-Indian community scatter across a vast area to help him get the quota -- called a "minyan" -- so he could pray for his dead uncle. Miller, who has lived in her Northwest Washington neighborhood for a couple years, sent a plea via the listserv of her 300-unit condo building. Within minutes, she had a few replies. One was from a neighbor who was in Philadelphia, saying he was also in mourning and offering to recite the prayer on her behalf at a synagogue there. By sundown, she had 11 people in her living room-- the 10 required Jews and one non-Jewish neighbor with a cheesecake. "Perhaps our paths will never cross again. Maybe, just maybe, we shared a moment of faith on the worst blizzard in a hundred years," Miller, a rabbi and spiritual counselor, wrote in a letter of thanks. "The act of giving is an act of faith."

2010: A bomb that was detonated this evening in a crowded café in Pune, India, killed nine people and injured 57 was likely meant for the nearby Chabad House, Indian authorities said. The bakery is located several dozen yards from the city's Chabad house. Pune is 125 miles southeast of Mumbai, where in November 2008 a major terrorist attack in the city at several sites simultaneously, including the Chabad house, killed 179 people, with them six Jewish victims at the Jewish center.

2010(29thof Shevat, 5770): Robert J. Myers, an actuary who helped to create the Social Security program and to set America’s official retirement age at 65, died today at his home in Silver Spring, MD at the age of 97. (As reported by Mary Williams Walsh)
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/26/business/26myers.html

 2011:  Among the films scheduled to be shown at the Atlanta Jewish Film Festival are “Jewish Soldiers in Blue & Gray,” “Winston Churchill: Walking With Destiny” and “100 Voices: A Journey Home.”

2011: “Jews and Baseball: An American Love Story” is one of several movies scheduled to shown today at the 21st Annual San Diego Jewish Film Festival.

2011: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including J.D. Salinger: A Life by Kenneth Slawenski and In the Valley of the Shadow: On the Foundations of Religious Belief by James L. Kugel.

2011: Ninety-year old “Raymond D’Addario, an Army photographer whose images of Hitler’s top henchmen during the Nuremberg war crimes trials put their faces before the world as it became increasingly aware of Nazi atrocities passed way today. (As reported by Dennis Hevesi)
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/17/us/17daddario.html?_r=0

.2011: Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's cabinet unanimously approved the appointment of Maj. Gen. Benny Gantz as the Israel Defense Forces' 20th chief of staff.

2011(9thof Adar I, 5771): General Al Ungerleider passed away today at the age of 89
http://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/a-local-life-al-ungerleider-89-old-soldier-recalled-nightmare-mission/2011/03/07/ABNdjBS_story.html

2011(9thof Adar I, 5771): Alan F. Segal “a leading scholar known for his comparative studies of how religions view the afterlife” who had retired as the Ingeborg Rennert Professor of Jewish Studies at Barnard College in December of 2012, passed away today at the age of 65.

2011(9thof Adar I, 5771): Irving Schlossenberg, the oldest living Marine Corps combat correspondent at the time of his death, and a newspaper photographer who once goaded President Franklin Roosevelt at a baseball Opening Day, died today at 92 in Overland Park, Kansas. Schlossenberg rejected his initial 4F classification, underwent foot surgery, and made it into the Marines as a combat correspondent in World War II. He took part in five major campaigns, four of which were first wave landings, was awarded four bronze stars and became a Master Sergeant. Schlossenberg never received some of the medals he earned for his service, including a Presidential Unit Citation presented to his division for operations in the Battle of Tarawa in November 1943. Last November, his son and nephew obtained the medals, which were delivered two days before Schlossenberg's death. Prior to the war, he was a photographer at the Washington Post. On Opening Day of the 1940 baseball season, Schlossenberg convinced FDR to throw out the Opening Pitch a second time, so he could get a better shot. The resulting wild pitch smashed Schlossenberg’s camera. Schlossenberg was born in Baltimore and raised in Washington. He became a copy boy at the Washington Post and then a photographer. After the war he sold Encyclopedia Britannica and eventually became executive assistant to the company president. He was a founder of Temple Kol Ami in Prairie Village, Kansas.

2011(9thof Adar I, 5771): Herschel W. Leibowitz, a Penn State University psychologist who was among the first scientists to explore how the mind can misinterpret what the eye sees at night, a phenomenon that contributes to traffic accidents passed away today in State College, PA at the age of 85 (As reported by Benedict Carey)
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/17/health/17leibowitz.html

2011: In “Jews in U.S. Are Wary In Happiness For Egypt” Laurie Goodstein described the mixed feelings that American Jewish leaders have concerning the current political upheaval in the Land of the Pharaoh
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/14/us/14react.html

2012: Nathan Englander, author “What We Talk About When We Talk About Anne Frank” a work of fiction that reportedly has nothing to do with the life of one of the Holocaust’s most famous victims, is scheduled to appear at the Historic 6th& Synagogue in Washington, DC.

2012(20thof Shevat, 5772): Ninety-four year old “Lillian Bassman, a magazine art director and fashion photographer who achieved renown in the 1940s and ’50s with high-contrast, dreamy portraits of sylphlike models, then re-emerged in the ’90s as a fine-art photographer after a cache of lost negatives resurfaced” passed away today. (As reported by William Grimes)
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/14/arts/design/lillian-bassman-fashion-and-fine-art-photographer-dies-at-94.html?pagewanted=all

2012: “The Cantor’s Son” is scheduled to be shown at the Atlanta Jewish Film Festival in Atlanta, GA

2012: At 34 Ben Yehuda, David Kilimnick’s Off the Wall Comedy Club is scheduled to host Open Women’s Open Mic Night

2012: People of faith throughout the world have been asked to recite psalms and prayers for the recovery of Yisrael be Chana Tzirel

2012: The wife of an Israeli diplomat was moderately wounded today when a car bomb exploded outside of Israel's embassy in the Indian capital of New Delhi. Also today, a Georgian worker employed by the Israeli embassy in Tbilisi alerted police after noticing a strange object attached to a car assigned to the Israeli envoy to the country. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said that Iran and its client Hezbollah were behind both attacks as well as other recent thwarted attacks on Israeli officials working abroad.

2013: Yeshiva University Museum is scheduled to present: “It's a Thin Line: The Eruv and Jewish Community in New York and Beyond.”

2013: American Jewish Historical Society to present “The Sixties and Jewish Celebrity”

2013: Leon Wieseltier, noted writer and literary editor of The New Republic, is one of five recipients of the 2013 Dan David Prize, the foundation committee announced.

2013: The exposure in the Australian media this week of alleged former Mossad agent Ben Zygier, who reportedly committed suicide in Ramle’s Ayalon Prison two years ago, could have very dramatic repercussions for ongoing Mossad operations, Israeli media reported tonight.

2013: Today Israel’s state prosecution asked the Jerusalem District Court to sentence a man dubbed the “Jewish terrorist” to two back-to-back life sentences plus 70 years’ imprisonment for his crime of double murder, saying society should to take away Jacob (Jack) Tytell’s freedom “until the end of his days.”

Tytell, an American-born Israeli Jew who was convicted in January of murdering two Palestinians and wounding two Israelis in a series of violent acts, “trampled, in his actions, every possible value human society is founded upon,” prosecutor Sagi Ofir explained during the sentencing hearing

2014: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to host “Loyalty Betrayed: Jewish Chaplains in the German Army during the First World War” during which Peter Applebaum will discuss the role of the 30 Jewish chaplains who ministered to the 100,000 Jewish soldiers fighting for the Kaiser.

2014: The Jewish Museum is scheduled to host “Hard Talks: Is Psychoanalysis a Hoax?” moderated by author and communications scholar Liel Leibovitz, featuring Daphne Merkin, a contributing writer at the New York Times Magazine and Tablet Magazine and Ben Kafka, Associate Professor of Media Theory and History at New York University.

2014: In “Anchorman” published today Rob Lowe reviewed Mad As Hell by Dave Itzkoff.
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/16/books/review/mad-as-hell-by-dave-itzkoff.html

2014:  In “Israel: Life on the Kibbutz – Past, Present & Future,” Ido Rakovsky is scheduled to talk about his life on Kibbutz Ein Hashoftet” at the JCC of Northern Virginia.

2014: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to host “Unresolved History: Jews and Lithuanians after the Holocaust,” a roundtable discussion about the challenges facing Litvaks in the 21st century.

2014: The IDF fired on two Palestinians who had entered a restricted zone near the Gaza border and attempted to sabotage the Israeli security fence, killing one and injuring the other. (As reported by Adiv Sterman)

2014: “A technical problem caused the credit card payment system in Israel to fail this morning for five hours, with hundreds of companies and stores reporting that they were unable to accept credit payments, and tens of thousands of Israelis affected. “ (As reported by Stuart Winer)

2014: “Prospect of Spanish Citizenship Appeals to Descendants of Jews Expelled in 1942
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/14/world/europe/interest-in-israel-as-spain-weighs-citizenship-for-sephardic-jews.html?ref=world&_r=0

2015: “For Richer For Poorer: Weddings Unveiled,” an exhibition that tells “story of Jewish weddings in Britain” is scheduled to open at the Jewish Museum of London.

2015: “A federal prosecutor in Argentina today revived the explosive accusations leveled by Alberto Nisman, the prosecutor whose mysterious death has gripped the country, by seeking to charge President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner with shielding Iranians from responsibility over a 1994 bombing” attack on a Jewish community center.

2015: “Anti-Semitic and racial slurs and swastikas were spray-painted on several homes tonight in Madison, Wisconsin.

2015: In preparation for Valentine’s Day, the Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to host “Shidduch Friday Night” with the disclaimer that they “do not guarantee that you will find your future spouse.

2016(4thof Adar I, 5776): Parashat Terumah;

2016(4thof Adar I, 5776): Eighty year old Avigdor Ben-Gal, the native of Poland whose outstanding military career shown brightest when he defended the Golan against great odds in the Yom Kippur War.
http://www.timesofisrael.com/yom-kippur-war-hero-avigdor-ben-gal-dies-at-80/

2016(4thof Adar I, 5776): Eighty-six year old who led ABC Carpet, the family business found by his grandfather Samuel to new heights passed away today. (As reported by Michael Corkery)
https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/17/business/jerome-weinrib-abc-carpets-old-school-proprietor-dies-at-86.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

2016: “French-Israeli singer Yael Naim was declared France’s singer of the year today in the 31st Victoires de la Musique, the country’s equivalent of the Grammys.”

2016: “Mountain,” a film depicting the life of “a religious Jewish woman living with her family in the Jewish cemetery on Jerusalem’s Mount of Olives” and “The Last Cyclist” a film “about a childless Jewish couple who a adopt an Aryan baby girl prior to WW II” are scheduled to be shown today at the 26th annual San Diego Jewish Film Festival.

2016: Moshe Vardi, an Israeli professor teaching at Rice University “told the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science” that “robots could take over most human jobs within the next thirty years” and “that the society’s major challenge in the coming decades will be to find meaning in a mostly automated life.”

2016: The Debut Album Release show for “Till the Sun Comes” by Shira Averbuch is scheduled to take place this evening at Rockwood Music Hall. http://www.shiraaverbuch.com/

2017(17thof Shevat, 5777): On the Jewish calendar, yahrzeit of Haim Palachi, the chief rabbi of Smyrna who authored texts in Ladino and Hebrew which helped to earn him the designation of Hakham Bashi and Gazon

2017: The Streicker Center is scheduled to host an evening with Jill Kargman as she wittily examines life in New York as seen by a native who has hit big in the world of television comedy.

2017: David Shulkin completed his service as Under Secretary of the Veterans Affairs for Health.

2017: Steve Mnuchin was confirmed as Secretary of the Treasury by a vote of 53–47today.

2017: In honor of “the publication of Singing God’s Words: The Performance of Biblical Chant in ContemporaryJudaism, the first in-depth study of the meaning and experience of chanting Torah among contemporary American Jews,the Center for Jewish History is scheduled to present a discussion led by Rabbi Jeffrey A. Summit who will described “how this ritual is shaped by such forces as digital technology, feminism and contemporary views of spirituality.”

2017: “The Radical Jew” is scheduled to be shown at the San Diego Jewish Film Fest.


2018: The Yeshiva University Museum is schedule to host a live performance by Elad Kabilio and an ensemble of musicians from MusicTalks who will help attendees to “experience the music of Naomi Shemer, the “First Lady” of Israeli song and poetry.”

2018: Chicago Sinai Congregation is scheduled to host a screening of “Rosenwald” this evening followed by a panel discussion

2018: The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to host a “dine and discuss with Nechama Goldman Barash” where attendees will examine “the Halachic Legal Structure which uses the Binary of Male/Female to Develop Traditional Roles in Jewish Society.”

2018: Einstein’s Bros. celebration of National Bagel Day which had included a week-long free bagel with purchase for all Shmear Society loyalty club members is scheduled to come to an end today.
https://www.kxly.com/news/einstein-bros-celebrates-national-bagel-day-with-week-long-freebie/698144034

2018: In New Orleans, Mardi Gras. For more see The Crescent City Jewish News, the Jewish voice in Cajun Countryhttps://www.crescentcityjewishnews.com/mardi-gras-with-a-jewish-slant/ and https://www.myjewishlearning.com/southern-and-jewish/is-mardi-gras-more-jewish-than-you-think/

(Editor’s Note: This marks the 55th anniversary of my first Mardi Gras – truly memorable event in my Jewish History)



 

 

This Day, February 14, In Jewish History by Mitchell A. Levin

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February 14

842:  Charles the Bald and Louis the German swear the Oaths of Strasbourg in the French and German languages. The two monarchs were grandsons of Charlemagne making them cousins. Charles, like the other Carolingian monarchs he refused to enforce the anti-Jewish decrees promulgated by the Church. This was a matter of economic reality; not an example of philo-Jewishness.

1014: Henry II who was already King of Germany and King of Italy was crowned as Emperor of the Holy Roman Emperor.  The first serious persecution of the Jew in Germany began at the start of the 11th century under the reign of Henry.  Among other things, Henry issued a decree expelling the Jews from Mayence because they refused to be baptized.  Some of Henry’s enmity towards the Jews may be traced back to the conversion of Wecelinus, the chaplain to Duke Conrad to Judaism.  Conrad was a relative of Henry’s and Christian nobility did not take kindly to such changes.  The poet Simon ben Isaac and Gershom ben Judah both composed dirges to mark this sad turn of events.

1076: Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor.  This dispute between Pope and Royal Ruler was one of many struggles that ranged between Princes of the Church and Temporal Princes for political power.  This one did not involve the Jews but it did affect them.  For his time, Henry treated his Jewish subjects well.  He challenged the anti-Semitism of the many church officials by claiming his Jewish subjects as “belonging to our Chamber.”  In other words they came under his jurisdiction and protection.  Seeing the economic benefit of allowing the Jews to play an active role in his realm, Henry exempted the Jews from “custom duties in imperial towns and they enjoyed trade and travel privileges throughout his empire.”  History may remember the penitent Henry shivering in the snows outside the Papal Palace.  For the Jews, he is was a bright beacon in world growing ever darker under the menace of crusader mobs.

1130: “The Jewish Cardinal” Pietro Pierleone was elected Pope under the name of Anacletus II.  The Church counts him as one of the anti-popes. According to at least one source, Anacletus II was a member of one of the most powerful and wealthiest senatorial families in Rome.  At the same time, the family was reported to have Jewish roots and had supposedly amassed its fortune through money lending. Apparently the Church’s difficulty in knowing how to deal with Jewish converts was not just a 20th century phenomenon. 

 1349: In Strasbourg, a riot ensued in the town after corn prices fell. The Jews were accused (despite the protests of the city council) of a conspiracy. The entire Jewish population (2000) were dragged to the cemetery and burned to death. Only those who accepted Christianity were allowed to live. A new council was elected which voted that Jews could not return for 100 years and their property and possessions were divided among the burghers. Twenty years later, the Jews were readmitted.

1546: Three days before his death, Martin Luther preached his final sermon. “The subject of his final sermon…is ‘obdurate Jews’ and the urgency of expelling them all from German lands. According to Martin Luther, ‘we want to practice Christian love toward them and pray that they convert, [but they are] our public enemies ... and if they could kill us all, they would gladly do so. And so often they do.’ Thus the expulsion or even killing of Jews can be viewed by Christians as form of self-defense. This is exactly the excuse given by anti-Semites in Europe for centuries to come…”

1556: Thomas Cranmer who named Archbishop of Canterbury by Henry VIII was condemned as a heretic by the Roman Catholic Church.  Whatever his difference with Rome, Cranmer took a pretty traditional view of things when it came to Jews. Citing St. Augustine, Cranmer declared that even if “Jews…do good works” like clothing the naked, feeding the poor and performing “other good works of mercy” they will be lost because they do not believe in Jesus.

1623: Moshe Zacut who is buried in the Portuguese cemetery in Altona and who may have been the father of Rabbi Moshe Zacut known as the “Remez” passed away today.

1667: The end of the practice known as “Black Monday.” Prior to this date, the Jews of Rome had been subjected to a humiliating medieval practice of running a race in the Roman carnivals, scantily clad, amid insults and blows. This practice of "Black Monday" named for the day of the week during the Carnival Season on which it took place was not practiced after 1667.

1670: Leopold I ordered Jews to be expelled from Vienna within a few months. Although Leopold was reluctant to lose the large amount of taxes (50,000 Florins) paid by the Jews, he was persuaded to do so by his wife Margaret, the daughter of the Phillip IV Spanish Regent, and a strong follower of the Jesuits Margaret blamed the death of her firstborn on the tolerance shown to the Jews.

1674: Barbados passed a law granting the Jewish community the permission they requested. In the 1660's the Jewish community of Barbados became established and of considerable importance. The Jewish community, however, had a decided disadvantage in that their testimony was not admissible in court cases due to their refusal to take an oath on a Christian Bible. In October 1669 the Jewish community presented the king a petition requesting permission to take be able to take oaths on the Five Books of Moses, the Jewish Bible’

1685(10th of Adar): Rabbi Joseph Chajes of Lemberg, author Ben Porot Yosef passed away today.

1722: Fifty-eight year old Frankfurt am Main native Johann Jakob Schudt a gentile who wrote ‘a preface to Grünhut's edition of David Ḳimḥi's Commentary on the Psalms in 1712 and published the Purim play of the Frankfurt and Prague Jews with a High German translation 1716” but who also published Judæus Christicida, in which he attempted “to prove that Jews deserved corporal as well as spiritual punishment for the crucifixion” and Jüdische Merkwürdigkeiten  which “is full of prejudice, and repeats many of the fables and ridiculous items published by Johann Andreas Eisenmenger; but  also contains details of contemporary Jewish life, a source for the history of the Jews, particularly those of Frankfurt” passed away today.

1727: Benedict XIII issued Emanavit nuper, a Papal Bull, dealing with “the necessary conditions for imposing Baptism on a Jew.”

1743: Henry Pelham, a member of the Whigs, became British Prime Minister. In 1753 Pelham “brought in the Jew Bill of 1753, which allowed Jews to become naturalized by application to Parliament.” The House of Lords approved the bill.  But the Tories in the House of Commons tried to defeat it claiming it was “an abandonment of Christianity.” However Pelham and the Whigs prevailed and the bill passed and then was approved by the crown.

1766: Birthdate of economist Thomas Malthus whose theories were examined by Gertrude Himmelfarb in The Idea of Poverty. (She was Jewish, he was not)

1772: A day after he passed away on Shabbat, Isaac Isaac ben Moshe Shneour was buried today at the Alderney Road Jewish Cemetery in the United Kingdom.

1784: In London Benvenida de Isaac Solis, the daughter of of Isaac Henriques Henriques Valentine and Simha Mandil and her husband Solomon da Silva Solis gave birth to Daniel da Silva Solis

1827: Abraham Levy married Louisa Judah today at the Great Synagogue.

1859: Oregon admitted as the 33rd U.S. state. By the time Oregon joined the Union, Portland already boasted an active Jewish community which “launched its first congregation” in 1858.  Despite their comparatively small numbers, several Jews have held public office in Oregon including Senators Joseph Simon and Richard L. Neuberger and Governors Julius L. Meier and Neil Goldschmidt. (Senator Neuberger’s wife who was also a Senator from Oregon was not Jewish; hence she is not listed.)

1860: In Breslau, Mathilde (née Kassel) Schiffer and Bernhard Schiffer gave birth to Eugen Schiffer, the lawyer and political whose career in public service ran from the days of the Kaiser to the Weimar Republic.

1861: During the session of the New York State Legislature, Mr. Woodruff introduced a bill today to appropriate $35,000 out of the State Treasury to the Hebrew Orphan Asylum of New-York City, for a building, as soon as $20,000 has been expended by the Trustees.

1862(14th of Adar I, 5622): Purim Katan

1862: Philadelphian Abraham Hart was promoted to the rank of Captain in Company I of the Seventy-Third Regiment.

1864: Birthdate of Israel Zangwill. Zangwill is a name known to few today, but in his time he was an intellectual power.  Zangwill was born in London and achieved fame by writing a number of novels many on Jewish themes including Children of the Ghetto, Ghetto Tragedies and The King of Schnorrers.  Zangwill first met with Herzl in 1896 and attended the First (and all successive) Zionist Congress. He supported Herzl's Uganda plan and following its rejection, led the Territorialists out of the Zionist organization in 1905. He established the Jewish Territorialists Organization (ITO) whose object was to acquire a Jewish homeland wherever possible. Following the securing of the Balfour declaration, the ITO fell into decline and by 1925 it was officially dissolved. Zangwill supported Zionist efforts in Eretz Israel calling for a radical approach both as regards the demand for the early establishment of a Jewish State and the solution of the Arab question. He passed away in 1926

1864: In Kalwarya, Russia, Tanhum and Rachel Deborah (Alterman) Schulman gave birth to Samuel Schulman who served as the spiritual leader of Montana’s first synagogue, Temple Emanuel before eventually moving to New York where he succeeded Kaufman Kohler as head of Temple Beth-El and then served as the rabbi for Temple Emanu-El when it absorbed his former congregation.
http://collections.americanjewisharchives.org/ms/ms0090/ms0090.html

1869: In Augsburg, Bavaria, Pauline Hirschfeld, the daughter of Simon and Rachel Ausch and her husband Dr. Jacob Jacques Heinrich Hirschfeld gave birth to Leo Feld

1871: During the Franco-Prussian Adolphe Crémieux, a leading member of the French Jewish community, along with several of his parliamentary colleagues, resigned their positions in the government France

1872: In Bucharest, members of the diplomatic corps, united in demanding that Prince Charles von Hohenzollern who is King Carol I of Romania, provide protection for his Jewish subjects.  [The issue of Romania’s Jews would plague European affairs up to WW I.]

1877: In Berlin, gynecologist Leopold Landau and Johanna Jacoby, a member of the famous Jewish banking Jacoby family gave birth to Edmund Georg Hermann Landau the famed mathematician.

1878: Mrs. Hyam Benjamin hosted a musical evening in a Mayfair (London) drawing room.

1879(21stof Shevat, 5639): Seventy-seven year old French journalist Samuel Ustazade Silvestre de Sacy and member of the Académie française passed away today.

1880: After having been hospitalized in Odeass during a concert tour of Russia, Lublin born Jewish violinist Henryk Wieniawski was taken into the home Nadezhda von Meck who “provided him with medical attention” which was not enough to prevent his untimely death a month later in Moscow.

1881: Birthdate of German psychologist Otto Selz.  Selz’s works were suppressed by the Nazis.  According to some, Selz was a major influence on his students including Sir Karl Raimund Popper who was one of the major figures in the world of 20th century philosophy.

1881: The New York Times features a review of “Hours with the Bible: From Creation to the Patriarchs by Dr. Cunningham Geikie.

1881: It was reported today that an altercation had taken place during a Paris musical between Gaetan de Monticlin, a socially prominent Frenchman and Arthur Meyer owner of Le Gaulois. According to de Monticlin, he had been mocked in an article published in Meyer’s newspaper.  Meyer was a Catholic who was the grandson of a rabbi and who would support those who did not believe in the innocence of Alfred Dreyfus

1882: Birthdate of composer and pianist Ignaz Friedman.

1882: Dr. John Lord delivered a lecture on “Moses” this morning at Chickering Hall to a “fashionable and cultured” audience. Lord told his audience that the moral code of Moses “is of the most importance, and rests on the fundamental principles of morality, and has been generally accepted as the basis of moral obligation.  The primary principle of this code is the sin of idolatry and the recognition of the one God who created and rules the world.”

1887: Alexander Kohut, the rabbi of Congregation Ahawath Chesed married Rebekah Bettleheim in Baltimore, MD. She was the daughter of Rabbi Albert Bettelheim.  Her marriage not only made her a wife it made her an instant wife since Kohut was a widower who had 8 children, six of whom were under the age of 13.

1891: It was reported today that the late Ellen M. Phillips has bequeathed $113,000 to various charities most of which were Jewish.  The bequests ranged from $1,000 to $15,000 “including $5,000 to the Jewish Theological Seminary in New York.  Ms. Phillips lived in Philadelphia, PA

1891(6thof Adar I, 5651): Parashat Terumah

1891(6thof Adar I, 5651): Thirty-two year old Arthur Lewis Raphael, the son of Henrietta and Henry Lewis Raphael and the husband of Marianna Floretta Raphael passed away today.

1892: It was reported today that a Conference of the Russian-American Hebrew Agricultural Fund Association will take place this week in New York City.

1892: As New York City deals with its latest outbreak of typhus the President of the Board of health said that to have all of the Russian-Jewish passengers who arrived on the SS Masilia  placed in quarantine on North Brother Island.  An undetermined number of the passengers have shown symptoms and this is a way of preventing the spread.  (Please note – the Jewish passengers were not singled out.  The source was thought to lie in Russia, and it so happened that all of the Russian passengers were Jewish)

1893: The committee formed by the Central Conference of American Rabbis “to arrange the seconding part of the Union Prayer book containing the services for Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur” met for the last time today in Chicago

1894: Birthdate of Benjamin Kubelsky, better known as Jack Benny. The cry of Rochester saying, "Mr. Benny, Mr. Benny" in that gravely desperate tone was a signature of Jack Benny's humor in movies, radio and television.  Benny loved to clown around with the violin and he created the self-portrait of a "miser."  In one of his most routines, Benny is being held up at gunpoint.  When the robber says "Your money or life" Benny pauses and using his great sense of comedic timing ponders his response.  When the frustrated thief repeats his demand, Benny responds, "Wait a minute, I am trying to make my mind."  (It is a lot funnier when you heart it or see it.)  I must confess I am a fan of Jack Benny’s but I do not think I have been too lavish in my praise.  Benny passed away at the age of eighty in 1974

1895: Birthdate of philosopher and sociologist Max Horkheimer

1895: In New York City, Isaac Newton and Greta (Loeb) Seligman gave birth to Margaret Seligman who gained fame as Margaret Lewisohn after she married Sam A. Lewisohn in 1918.

1895: It was reported today that lawyer and economist Simon Sterne expressed his opposition to the Single Tax Plan and in favor of tenement improvement programs in New York City

1896 Theodor Herzl published "Der Judenstaat" which outlined his vision for a Jewish State.  For a complete copy of the text in English
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Zionism/herzl2.html

1897: Grand Master M. L. Sexias presided over the opening of the annual convention of District Grand Lodge, No.1, Independent Order Free Sons of Israel which is being held at the Lexington Opera House.

1898: “Hebrew Charities Building Bill” published today described that the purposes of legislation that would incorporate The Hebrew Charities Building in New York to allow for the erection, establishment and maintenance of a building in which Jewish charitable organizations could have their headquarters. It would also allow for the building to house a public library “with a special department in Judaica.”

1899: Samuel I. Hyman the founder of S.I. Hyman and Brothers and a founder of the Central Jewish Institute today married Tillie Endel who had been serving as the secretary of the Madison Avenue Synagogue Sisterhood but who would now assume the role of mother to their daughter Norma and son George.

1901(25thof Shevat, 5661): Grodno native Heinrich Schapiro who served “as a military surgeon during the Turko-Russia War and whose career was so distinguished that “he was appointed privat-docent of medicine in the imperial clinical institution for physicians  in St. Petersburg, passed away toay.

1902: Herzl and Joseph Cowen arrive in Constantinople with hopes of starting negotiations to further the project of creating a Jewish homeland in Ottoman controlled in Palestine.

1902: Birthdate of Alexander Abusch, the German journalist and communist politician who survived the Holocaust and returned to work in the government of East (Communist) Germany.

1903: US Department of Commerce & Labor established. Oscar Straus was appointed Secretary of Commerce and Labor in 1906 by President Theodore Roosevelt and he served in the position until 1909.  Straus was the first Jew to serve as a cabinet secretary.

1904: In South Carolina, Rabbi J. J. Simenhoff officiated at the wedding of Morris Finger to Sarah Plesskin.

1904(28thof Shevat, 5664): Seventy-five year old George Lewis Lyon, the founder and the editor of The Jewish World, passed away today.

1906: Israel Ziony, the Political Editor of the Jewish American wrote a that criticized Louis Nixon, the Tammany Hall leader, for trusting the promises of the Russians and Czar Nicholas II citing the orders that “were given to massacre Jews all over South Russia and the failure to honor the commitments to open up Manchuria which led to traders from the United States being driven out of the area.

1910: Herbert Samuel completed his first term of service as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster in the cabinet of Prime Minister Asquith. (Samuel was Jewish; Asquith wasn’t)

1910: Herbert Samuel succeeded Sydney Buxton as Post Master General in H.H. Asquith’s cabinet.  This would be the first of two times that Samuel would serve in this position.

1911(16th of Shevat): Rabbi Shalom Mordecai, author of Da’at ha-Torah, passed away

1911: In Czernowitz, Ukraine, Rabbi Avraham Mamrostein, the son of Rivka and Yehuda Leib Marmorstein and his wife Antonia Toba Marmosrstein  gave birth to Bruno Marmorstein  three years before his sister Ruth Joseph was born in Chicago in February of 1914.

1912: Arizona is admitted to the Union becoming the 48th and last contiguous state to become on the United States. Jews had been a part of the Arizona landscape from its earliest territorial days.  According to Pioneer Jews, Nathan Benjamin Appel, a native of Hochstadt Germany, was an early pioneer of the Arizona Territory serving as a delegated to the First Arizona Territorial Legislature in 1863 as well as the Tucson chief of Police from 1883 to 1884.  According to the 1880 census, there were approximately 316 Jews living in such places as Tucson, Phoenix and Tombstone. William Zeckendorf and Zadock Staab opened a Tucson based mercantile operation in May of 1878.  The business had its ups and downs, finally failing in 1883 as a result of market fluctuations and competition from less expensive goods being brought in by the railroads.  As can be seen from the successful career of Michael Wormser, a native of Lorraine who settled in Arizona, Jews engaged in agriculture as well as mercantile pursuits.  By the time he died in 1898, his “agricultural kingdom” was worth $250,000, a considerable sum in those days. Samuel Barth was another of the colorful Jews who helped to settle Arizona.  He worked as a miner, pony express rider and sutler.  While trading with the Indians, he claims to have signed a treaty that “granted him title to nearly all of the northern Arizona Territory, including the Grand Canyon.”  Barth, and his brothers Nathan and Morris, founded St. Johns where they damned parts of the Little Colorado River so that they could farm and raise livestock. Jews were not adverse to risk when it came to gunfighting as can be seen by the career of Louis Ezekiels who served as the Deputy Sheriff of Pima County and Jim Levy, the Irish born gambler and gunfighter, who ironically was shot by an angry gang who caught him when he “was not packing.” These early Jews worked hard to mainitain their Jewish identity.  “Anna and I.E. Solomon, who found Solomonville in Arizona’s southeastern corner, refused to let their daughter Lillie marry a non-Jewish lawyer with whom she had fallen in love. Mother Solomon stepped in, put an end to the relationship and arranged for Lillian to marry a “Hebrew haberdasher from Globe. Anna Solomon is prime example of the Jewish matriarchs he stood shoulder to should with their husbands in establishing successful business enterprises while striving to maintain Jewish heritage and identity in the inhospitable desert of the Southwest. Two of early Arizona’s most famous Jewish citizens were Josephine Sarah Marcus who was the paramour of Wyatt Earp (because of Earp, is buried in a Jewish cemetery)  and Mike Goldwater, the merchant king whose family, in later generations would give up the faith of their fathers as can be seen by the career of Barry Goldwater.    

1913: Birthdate of Melvin Allen Israel, the native of Birmingham, Alabama who gained fame as Mel Allen, the mellow-toned sportscaster who was the voice of the New York Yankees
http://www.nytimes.com/1996/06/17/sports/mel-allen-is-dead-at-83-golden-voice-of-yankees.html

1913(7thof Adar I, 5673): Twenty-seven Rabbi David Carlebach passed away at Halberstadt.

1913(7thof Adar I, 5673): Financier F.L. Siegel passed away today in Denver, Colorado.

1915(30thof Shevat, 5675): Rosh Chodesh Adar

1915: While speaking today at Temple Bethel on “The Danger of Nationalism to the Jewish Religion Dr. Samuel Shulman said that his nationality is American, his religion is Jewish and he takes issue with those that the only “remedy for the process of disintegration” among the Jewish people is by returning to Palestine in an act of “re-nationalization.”

1915: “A mass meeting will be held at Congregation Shearith Bnai Israel this afternoon under the auspices of the Young Israel of Harlem to help raise funds for Jews suffering because of the war.”

1915: “Dr. J.L. Magnes, Chairman of the Jewish National Fund Bureau of the America and Louis D. Brandeis, Chairman of the Provisional Executive Committee for the General Zionist Affairs issued a statement today explaining the situation brought about by the proposed forced auctioning off at this trime of the Jewish Institute of Technology at Haifa.”

1915: According to figures compiled by the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America there are officially 143,000 Jewish communicants in the United States but that number, in keeping with Jewish custom is really only the number of heads of households and “that the total number connected with Jewish congregations is 700,000.” (Editor’s note: This figure is strange since it is estimated by some that by the start of WW I, two million Jews had come to the United States from Eastern Europe.)

1915: The correspondent for The London Daily Mail who was traveling from the front lines to Warsaw had to “bump” his “way through an endless convoy of Jews where huddled in wagons with all their furniture and worldly belongings” which “was the result of a stern order which had been issued requiring the Jews to move to a distance fifty miles from the front” because of doubts about their loyalty.

1915: It was reported today that “the Bund, the Committee of Lithuanian, Polish and Russian Jews living abroad has published an appeal to the civilized world in regard to the treatment of the Jews by the Russian government” which “begins by saying that, in spite of statements made to the contrary, the legal situation of the Jews in Russia is unchanged; they are still confined to the Ghetto and subject to all the same disabilities as before the war.”

1915: “Outlook Good For Jews” published today provided the views of banker and philanthropist Adolph Lewisohn on a post war peace conference for which “all the great Jewish organizations of American need to get together now and work out a plan for Jewish representation at the time of peace negotiations” because he believes that the United States government “will take a special interest in the question of equal rights for all Jews” regardless of where they live.

1915: Herman Bernstein, editor of The Day, announced today that a limited amount of space will be made available aboard the Vulcan to carry supplies to the suffering people living in the Holy Land.

1915: “To Take Aid To Palestine” published today described plans approved by Secretary of the Navy Daniels to ship supplies from the Jewish Relief Society for the starving residents of that region aboard the United States collier Vulcan which will be sailing to the eastern Mediterranean with coal for armored cruisers North Carolina and Tennessee.

1915 Congregation Shearith Israel abolishes family pews from its synagogue.

1915: Jules Hurert, who authored Sarah Bernhardt, a biography of the famous Jewish performer passed away.

1916: A telegram sent today from American Embassy at London to the U.S. State Department stated that the British had turned down the request to allow the shipment of whole wheat to be used for the making of unleavened bread for the upcoming holiday of Passover by Jewish agencies in the United States through neutral Holland to Jews in Germany and Austria and countries occupied by their armies because “it appears that the supply of flour at present in German is amply sufficient to furnish pure flour when required for special purposes.”

1916: It was reported today that 150,000 Jews were fighting in the British Army, 175,000 Jews were fighting in the German Army and 350,000 Jews were fighting in the Russian Army which led Republican Congressman Julius Kahn to express his belief that American Jews would rally to serve in the U.S. military as training ramped up in anticipation of possible entry into the World War.

Julius Kahn, the Republican Congressman from California and a member of the House Committee on Military Affairs has expressed his confidence in his co-religionists

1917(22ndof Shevat, 5677): Lt. Henry Bloom, a solicitor who had attended Liverpool University and was the son of Isadore Bloom was killed today while serving with the Yorkshire Regiment.

1917: After Germany and the United States broke diplomatic relations German economist Moritz Julius Bonn who had been lecturing at various U.S. universities including the University of California, the University of Wisconsin and Cornell University today boarded a Danish passenger bound for Copenhagen from whence he take a ferry to Germany.
1917: Birthdate of Herbert A Hauptman, a mathematician who shared the 1985 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with the chemist Jerome Karle for their development of revolutionary methods for determining the structure of molecules vital to life. (As reported by William Grimes)


1918: Birthdate of Yosef A.A. (Alfredo Antonio) Ben-Jochannan an Ethiopian born American historian. “According to his own biographical sketches, Ben-Jochannan was born to a black Puerto Rican Jewish mother and an Ethiopian Jewish father who were both black.”  “Ben-Jochannan, also known as ‘Dr. Ben’, is the author of numerous books, primarily on ancient Nile Valley civilizations and their impact on Western cultures. Dr. Ben-Jochannan claims to be fluent in ‘over a half dozen languages.’ In his writings, he states that the original Jews were Black Africans from Ethiopia, while the ‘white Jews’ later adopted the Jewish faith and its customs.

1918: It was reported today that Herbert Samuel, a Jewish leader of the Liberal Party criticized the current government’s policies on a number of issues ranging from finance where there has been a forty percent increase in expenditures to the production of beer which missed the production goal by over five and half million barrels or one third of the amount promised.

1919(14th of Adar I, 5679): Purim Katan

1919: Birthdate of Fred Gilbert.  A native of Warsaw, Mr. Gilbert would enter the first of 19 concentration camps at the age of 20.  He stayed alive by serving as the chief barber for German officers at a concentration camp. He would meet his wife Ann, who had also been a prisoner at Dachau, on liberation day.  They raised three children – Lena, Jack and Doris.  Fred and Ann would become active in the Simon Wiesenthal Center Museum of Tolerance.  Fred would spend his final years living in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.

1919: Over three hundred delegates from ten mid-western states are expected to attend the Zionist Convention that is scheduled to begin today.

1921: In New York City, the American Jewish Relief Committee met and decided to raise fourteen million dollars this year to provide relief for “Jewish war sufferers.”

1922: Birthdate of Jerome “Jerry” Fleishman who played college ball for NYU before turning pro and playing for several teams including the Philadelphia Warriors.

1922: Henry Ford’s Dearborn Independent“abruptly” ended publication of article on the “Jewish Problem” that included portions of “The Protocols of the Elders of Zion.”

1922: Birthdate of New York native Jerome “Jerry” Fleishman the Erasmus Hall graduate who played guard and forward for NYU before turning pro and continuing his career with Philadelphia Sphas and the Philadelphia Warriors.

1924: The first part of “Die Nielungen” a two part silent film directed by Fritz Lang, the son of Jewish mother who converted to Catholicism and raised her son in that religion was released in Germany today.

1926: Rabbi Nathan Krass is scheduled to speak this morning on “The Jewish Conception of Heaven and Hell” at Temple Emanu-El.

1926: Movie mogul William Fox today “gave $250,000 to the United Jewish Campaign” today “and accepted its New York Chairmanship.

1926: This evening at the Hotel Astor, a banquet was held in honor of Chaim Nachman Bialik, “the poet laureate of the Jewish people who arrived from Palestine last week” where it was announced that Harlem-Yorkville Section has contributed $75,000 to the Unite Palestine Appeal which has a goal of raising five million dollars.

1926: Dr. Nathan Krass officiated at the debate today between the Emanu-El League of Temple Emanu-El and the Junior League of Temple Beth-El.

1926: Dr. Stephen S. Wise is scheduled to speak this morning on “Are Jews United or Divided” at the Free Synagogue meeting in Carnegie Hall.

1926: English-born American Rabbi “Lewis Browne’s history of the Jews, which the Macmillan company brought last Spring under the title Stranger than Fictionis to be published in England by Jonathan Cape Ltd under the title of The Story of the Jews

1927: Birthdate of Jerry Wolman, the native of Shenandoah, PA who owned both the Philadelphia Eagles and the Philadelphia Flyers.
http://www.jewishexponent.com/jerry-wolman-86-former-eagles-owner

1927: Mortimer L. Schiff appeared on the cover of Time Magazine. Schiff, the only son of Jacob Schiff, was a partner in Kuhn, Loeb and active leader of the Boy Scouts of America.

1928: In his comparison of the national aspirations of the Poles, Irish and Jews published today former New York State Senator Nathan Starust noted that “For several hundred years, a comparatively short time as compared with the annals of Jewry, the Poles dreamed of the re-establishment of a united Poland” – a dream which has now been realized. “For an even shorter time, the Irish people have been pleading for a government and political entity of their own” and today Ireland is an Irish State.”  Only the Jews, the people who have been waiting the longest, still have had not had their dream realized.

1929: “Nathan Straus received a cablegram today from Meir Dizengoff, Mayor of Tel Aviv and Chaim Nachmann Bialik, the famous Hebrew poet both of whom had participated in the dedication of the Nathan and Lina Straus Health and Welfare Center in Jerusalem at which John Hyanes Holmes of the Community Church of New York was one of the principal speakers.  “Following elated words regarding your high aspirations and great enterprise for the benefit of your national and the land of your forefathers in the presence of your envoy, Mr. Holmes and representatives of all creeds, the assembly expresses feeling of veneration and great love to the great man and Jew, Nathan Straus, and sends you and your wife blessings and wishes for a long and happy life.”

1929: In the Bronx, Jean (née Kress) and Harry Morozoff, an electrical engineer, gave birth to Victor Morozoff who gained fame as actor Victor “Vic” Morrow whom many remember for his portrayal of Sgt. Sanders in the WW II based television series “Combat!”

1929: It was alleged, but never proven, that the trigger men at today’s St. Valentine’s Day Massacre were supplied by the Jewish dominated “Purple Gang.”

1931: “Fifty Million Frenchmen,” the film version of the Broadway musical produced and released by Warner Brothers with a script co-written by Al Boasberg was released in the United States todayl

1934: Sixty-nine year old “French poet, writer” and convert to Catholicism, Marc-André Raffalovich and the brother of financier and economist Arthur Raffalovich, passed away today.

1934: Birthdate of Harriet Gasway.

1935(11th of Adar I, 5695): Eighty-four year old Joseph Simon, the first Jewish U.S. Senator elected from Oregon, passed away.
http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=S000422

1936: According to figures published today there 216 Jewish farm families in 1900 and now there are “about 100,000” while in the same period of time “total acreage owned by Jewish farmers” has from 12,019 acres to “more than 1,500,000 acres.”

1936: It was reported today “the American Jewish physicians’ committee has just contributed $25,000 toward fulfillment of a pledge of $65,000” which will go to “a fund that will build a medical center in Palestine sponsored by Hadassah.

1937: The New York Times featured a review of Palestine at the Crossroadsby Ladislas Farago based on the journalist visit to Palestine in 1936.

1937: Today’s “Latest Books Received” list published today included Major Noah: American-Jewish Pioneer by Isaac Goldberg and a pamphlet entitled “Judah Philip Benjamin” which is part of a biographical study of Confederate leaders.

1937: “The economic and cultural distress of Jews in Poland and Germany was described” this “afternoon at a conference of representatives of 530 orthodox, conservative and reform synagogues and congregations at the Hotel Astor” where “those present pledged themselves to support the 1937 campaign of the United Palestine Appeal for $4,500,000 for the settle in Palestine of Jews from Germany, Poland and other European countries.”

1937: “Cardinal Michael von Faulhaber of Bavaria delivers a sermon in Munich in which he explains how the signing of the Concordat between the Vatican and Nazi Germany substantially increased Hitler's prestige around the world.”

1938: “Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels’s newspaper, the Angriff today urged the Nazi regime to speed up the temp of ‘liquidating’ Jews in Germany’s economic life,” saying “that it is about time for a further decisive step to force Jewish business men to sell out.”

1938: The Palestine Post quoted the text of Colonel R. Meinertzhagen's letter to The Times of London in which he wrote that both the former British Prime Minister Lloyd George and Mr. Balfour envisaged the whole of Palestine as a future Jewish sovereign state. In Meinertzhagen's view the partition recommended by the Lord Peel Committee only complicated the issue, insofar as it had crystallized Arab opposition. The colonel called for continued Jewish determination to achieve this goal, not only for the Jews, but also in a direct British interest. 

1939: It was reported today that “I.J. Singer’s new novel East of Eden” which “like its predecessor The Brothers Ashkenazi deals with the teeming world of Polish Jews” will be published by Knopf next month.

1941: It was announced today that “Lieutenant Raphael de Sola, one of the yachtsmen who participated in the Dunkirk rescue operations, has been appointed Commander of Ship of the Royal Navy.” (JTA)

1941: In Amsterdam Hendrik Koot a member of the pro-Nazi NSB movement died of the wounds he sustained when and he his fellow thugs in the WA attacked the Jews who, much to their surprise, fought back.  (The Jewish “victory” would be short-lived and in the next few days over four hundred Jews would die)

1942:  Birthdate of millionaire businessman and Mayor of New York, Michael Bloomberg.

1942(27th of Shevat): Yiddish poet Menachem Bareisha passed away

1943: In an article entitled “Visitor from Shangri-La” Theodore Strauss described the visit of veteran British actor H.B. Warner to New York where, among other things he his promoting “Hitler’s Children” an anti-Nazi film that has broken all records at the theatres in which it has been shown.  Warner said that he is using the personal appearance tour to promote his own ant-fascist views.

1943: The Soviets drove the Nazis out of Rostov-on-Don. While the city was under German control thousands of Jews were murdered including 13,000 on August 11, 1942. Immediately after the liberation, the Jews were allowed to use the former Soldier’s Synagogue with Shaia-Meier Aronovich serving as rabbi starting in 1944.  In the postwar years, the community suffered as Stalin adopted increasingly anti-Semitic policies.

1943: Birthdate of Aaron Russo, the Brooklyn native who went from working in the family undergarment business, to nightclub operator, to movie producer and director before becoming a political activist who ran for Governor of Nevada and became active in “libertarian” groups.

1944:The national board of Hadassah, the Women's Zionist Organization of America, yesterday cabled $100,000 to Hadassah's founder, Miss Henrietta Szold, head of the youth immigration bureau of the Jewish Agency for Palestine in Jerusalem, as its part of an international celebration of the tenth anniversary of the Youth Aliyah (immigration) movement.

1944: Birthdate of Carl Bernstein, one of the two journalists who broke the Watergate Scandal.

1945: In Detroit, former Michigan State University and Canadian Football League wide receiver and running back Abe Eliowitz married Sarah Lachman today.

1945: Henrietta Szold, of blessed memory, was buried today at 3 pm on the Mount of Olives in Jerusalem.  Among the attendees were representatives of the 12,000 Jewish refugees whom she helped to rescue through Youth Aliyah.  As a sign of mourning all Jewish institutions flew their flags at half-mast and all of the Jewish newspapers were published with black borders on their front page. (As reported by JTA)
http://archive.jta.org/article/1945/02/15/2866155/palestine-mourns-death-of-henrietta-szold-simple-rites-mark-burial-ceremony

1945: President Franklin Roosevelt met with Ibn Saud where they discussed the future of the Jews and settlement in Palestine.  Churchill received a full report of the meeting, but the report was kept secret from the rest of the world.  Among other things Ibn Saud expressed his total opposition to Jewish settlement in Palestine and said that Holocaust survivors should be returned to their countries of origin.  FDR expressed his essential agreement with the King’s position.

1946: “Gilda,” a film noir directed by Charles Vidor with script doctored by Ben Hecht and featuring Ludwig Donath was released in the United States today

1947: Foreign Minster Bevin “announced that he was referring the entire Palestine imbroglio to the United Nations.”

1947: In Philadelphia, Arline and Joseph Schwarzman, the owner of a dry-goods store in Philadelphia gave birth to Stephen Allen Schwarzman, the chairman and CEO of Blackstone Group, the global private equity firm.

1948: “The young Oxford philosopher Isaiah Berlin who was among those Churchill asked to scrutinize the text of volume one of his memoirs” sent the former Prime Minister a proposal about changes in content with a reminder that “You did, I recollect, order me to quite candid.” Berlin praised Churchill’s handling of the “tremendous story of the Rise of Hitler.”

1948: Archbishop Conrad Gröber who opposed the Nazis passed away.

1949: Russian-born English chemist and Zionist leader Chaim Weizmann, 74, was elected first president of the newly restored modern state of Israel.

1949: “The Clay Pigeon” directed by Richard Fleischer, with a screenplay by Carl Foreman was released in the United States today.

1949: In Lakewood, NJ, the former Joan Hyman and “Preston Robert Tisch, a film and television executive who also served as the United States Postmaster General” gave birth Steven Elliot Tisch who is most famous for serving as a senior executive with the Super Bowl winning New York Giants who beat the Patriots owned by co-religionist Bob Kraft.

1949 (Tu B’Shevat, 5709): The Knesset opened its first session.  Political democracy has been part of the Jewish state since before its official founding.  The Knesset is a unicameral legislature that many critics agree is quite unwieldy.  The political party system is based on proportional representation which leads to coalition governments.  Israel's critics like to forget that about ten percent of the members of the Knesset are Arabs.  During the days of the Cold War, Israel's detractors liked to point out that members of the Communist Party were elected to the Knesset.  What they forget to mention that Israel, unlike the Arab states, held free elections so of course it was the only country in the Middle East to have elected Communist officials.  It was the only country in the Middle East to have democratically elected officials of any kind.  Also, with approximately ten per cent of its members being Arabs, the Knesset also boasts the largest number of democratically elected Arab legislators in the Middle East.

1950: Birthdate of Berkley native Joel Selvin the San Francisco music critic and journalist who wrote a biography about Bert Berns, the Bronx born son of Russian Orthodox Jews.

1951: The door was opened for the elections for the second knesset when the government resigned today after the Knesset had rejected the Minister of Education and Culture's proposals on the registration of schoolchildren

1951: In Dublin, Elaine and Reuben Shatter gave birth to Irish political leader Alan Joseph Shatter

1952: Premiere of Le Plaisir, also known by its English title House of Pleasure, a French comedy-drama anthology film directed by Max Ophüls

1952: The Sephardic Jewish Brotherhood of America established the Lena and Henry J Perahia Scholarship Foundation Award as a permanent endowment

1952: Comedian Joey Adams marries gossip columnist Cindy Heller

1954: In “Sharp Eyes for the Multiple Things” published today, William Barrett reviews The Hedgehog and The Fox: An Essay on Tolstoy’s View of History by Isaiah Berlin.
http://www.nytimes.com/books/98/11/29/specials/berlin-hedgehog.html

1955: The cover of Time features Carl Jung, the one-time follower of Freud who split with his master and reportedly enjoyed an “unconventional” relationship with one of his Jewish patients.

1958: In a move to counter the newly created UAR which joined Egypt and Syria, Jordan and Iraq formed a union which created “a unified military command.” (Editor’s note – any move that created unified military commands among the Arab states posed an additional threat to Israel.  At the same time, it should be noted that much of jockeying and hostility in the Arab world came from Arab fears of the fellows and had nothing to do with Israel.)

1961: Hadassah, the Women's Zionist Organization of America, accused the government of Morocco of bias against Jews and appealed to the Human Rights Commission of the United States to urge the Moroccan Government to stop what it termed “repressive action” including police brutality.

1962: Philanthropist Nehemiah M. Cohn, founder of the Giant Grocery Chain in Washington, D.C. stated that “Giving to those less fortunate than we are...brings us contentment and true happiness. The Talmud says that a man’s greatness is measured not by how much money he can acquire, but rather how much he can part with. Cohen’s view of philanthropy is carried on through the Naomi and Nehemiah Cohen Foundation. http://www.nncf.net/

1967(4th of Adar I, 5727): Francis Benedict Hyam Goldsmith, a British Conservative Member of Parliament and luxury hotel tycoon in France and the United Kingdom, passed away. “Born Franck Adolphe Benedict Goldschmidt in 1878 in Frankfurt, Germany, he was the son of Adolphe Benedict Hayum Goldschmidt, who permanently moved to London in 1895, already a multi-millionaire, and Alice Emma Moses Merton (1835-98), daughter of Joseph Benjamin Moses aka Moses Merton. Benedict Hyum Goldshmidt who was a millionaire in his own right, moved to London in 1895. Goldsmith’s “grandfather was Benedict Hayum Salomon Goldschmidt, a  banker and consul to the Grand Duke of Tuscany, founder of the B.H. Goldschmidt Bank.” He grew up on his family's 2,500 acre country estate in Suffolk. Educated at Magdalen College, Oxford, he gained an honours degree in law and was called to Bar by the Inner Temple in 1902. In 1903 he was elected to Westminster City Council, remaining a member for four years. In 1904 he was elected a member of London County Council representing St Pancras South with W.H.H. Gastrell as municipal reformers, having defeated both George Bernard Shaw and Sir William Geary, who were standing as Progressives. From 1904 to 1910 Goldsmith was active on many committees showing great interest in education and special schooling, becoming whip of the Municipal Reform Party. He was also involved in many Jewish charities, assisting in the organizations involved in the emigration of Jews from the Russian Empire and became a member of the emigration committee of the Jewish Board of Guardians. In 1910 Goldsmith was elected Conservative M.P. for Stowmarket, close to his family home of Cavenham Park. Although remaining an M.P. until 1918, his political career was ended by anti-German hysteria during World War I. During the war he served in Gallipoli and Palestine with the Suffolk Yeomanry. After the war Goldsmith moved to France where he set up a hotel business. He married Marcelle Moullier in June 1929. Goldsmith eventually built up a portfolio of 48 hotels including the Hôtel de Paris in Monte Carlo, the Carlton in Cannes and the Lotti in Paris. He was director of the Savoy Hotel company for many years and one of the founders of the King David Hotel in Jerusalem. He was Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur.”

1968(15thof Shevat, 5728): Tu B’Shevat

1968: Footballer Mordechai "Motaleh" Spiegler led Israel to victory over Switzerland today at Bloomfield Stadium in Tel Aviv.

1969(26thof Shevat, 5729): Eighty-year old Russian born Joseph “Joe” Magidsohnn, the All-American halfback for the University of Michigan who “was the first Jewish athlete to letter at the Ann Arbor school passed away today.

1970(8thof Adar I, 5730): Seventy-three year old Dora Polsky Antin, the widow of former State Senator Benjamin Antin and “a borough chairman of the United Palestine Appeal” passed away today.

1971: After 1,597 performances the original New York production of “You’re A Good Man, Charlie Brown” co-starring Bob Balaban as “Linus” closed today.

1971(19thof Shevat, 5731): Eighty-two year old Berlin born, American architect and city planner Dr. Paul Zucker passed away today.
http://www.nytimes.com/1971/02/16/archives/dr-paul-zucher-is-dead-at-82-many-years-at-cooper-union-architect.html

1972(29thof Shevat, 5732): Eighty-two year old Israel Moses Sieff who “was created a life peer as Baron Seif” the British Zionist and Chairman of the Board of Marks and Spencer passed away today.
http://thepeerage.com/p19183.htm#i191830
https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/sieff-israel-moses-baron

1973: U.S. premiere of “The World’s Greatest Athlete” with music by Marvin Hamlisch.

1974: Vitaly Rubin, Vladimir Galatzky. David Azbel and Ida Nudel continued their hunger strike today,

1978: The Jerusalem Post reported that hundreds of Lebanese men, women and children in southern Lebanon demonstrated in an open space at the "Good Fence," an open Israeli-Lebanese crossing point, demanding that Syrian army leave the Lebanese territory.

1978: The Jerusalem Post reported that Israeli officials in Washington noted that US Secretary of State Cyrus Vance's hardening stance and his assertion that the settlements in the occupied areas "should not exist" was a deliberate shift of US policy, arrived at only after Egyptian President Anwar Sadat visited Washington and influenced US President Jimmy Carter in this direction.

1979: A revival of the musical “Whoopee!” which had starred Eddie Cantor in the original production and with lyrics by Gus Kahn opened at the ANTA playhouse.

1980(27th of Shevat, 5740): Seventy-six year old Austria born, American architect Victor David Gruen passed away today.
http://pcad.lib.washington.edu/person/136/
https://qz.com/454214/the-father-of-the-american-shopping-mall-hated-cars-and-suburban-sprawl/

1982(21stof Shevat, 5742): Seventy-seven year old William Lee Wilder “the Austrian-born American screenwriter, film producer and director who was the older brother of Oscar winner William “Billy” Wilder.

1983: Manchem Begin replaced Ariel Sharon as Minister of Defense.

1983: Soviet anti-Zionist trials continue today with Simon Shnirman as the defendant.

1985: The U.S. Rabbinical Assembly of Conservative Judaism announced their decision to begin accepting women as rabbis.

1986: Six people were wounded during the bombing of a bus in Jerusalem.

1988(26th of Shevat, 5748): Composer Frederick Lowe passed away.  The Austrian native teamed with Alan Jay Lerner to create a number of hit musicals including “Brigadoon,” “Paint Your Wagon” and most famous of all, “My Fair Lady.” (As reported by Stephen Holden
http://www.nytimes.com/1988/02/15/obituaries/frederick-loewe-dies-at-86-wrote-my-fair-lady-score.html?pagewanted=print&src=pm
http://www.nytimes.com/1988/02/15/obituaries/frederick-loewe-dies-at-86-wrote-my-fair-lady-score.html?pagewanted=print&src=pm

1989 ( 9th of Adar I): Ninety-one year Rabbi Sheldon Haas Blank, a professor of Bible who was a faculty member at the Cincinnati campus of Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion for more than 60 years, passed away at Jewish Hospital in Cincinnatihttp://www.nytimes.com/1989/02/16/obituaries/sheldon-h-blank-91-a-professor-of-bible.html?_r=0

1989:In  “Fossil Findings Fan Debate on Human Origins” published today, John Noble Wilford reported that “new fossil discoveries” in caves in Israel “and genetic evidence have fueled a resounding debate among anthropologists over the timing and circumstances of the last major event in human physical evolution, the emergence of the anatomically modern Homo sapiens.

1991:Today, a victim of last Saturday's missile attack on a Tel Aviv suburb -- military censors do not permit publication of his name -- held a prayer service in the yard of his damaged house. He and several friends prayed and danced with Torah scrolls as a bulldozer sat poised to push the building down. As soon as they finished singing Hatikvah, the national anthem, the bulldozer driver raised his shovel, pushed forward and leveled the remains of the house.

1992:The McCrory Corporation, the financially troubled parent of a chain of five-and-dime variety stores, said today that it would miss a debt payment and hinted that it might file for bankruptcy court protection.McCrory is part of the Riklis Family Corporation, a privately held concern headed by Meshulam Riklis, an Istanbul native who came to America from Tel Aviv in 1947. Other Riklis holdings have included the Samsonite Corporation, Elizabeth Arden, the Culligan International Company, Martha White Foods Inc. and Botany 500.

1996(24th of Shevat, 5756): Judith Kaplan Eisenstein, daughter of Mordechai Kaplan and the first bat mitzvah ever, passed away at the age of 86.

1997: “British singer-songwriter, guitarist, record producer and film score composer Mark Knopfler, the son of a Hungarian Jewish immigrant father married British actress and writer Kitty Aldridge with whom he had two daughters.

1997: Eve Ensler, the daughter of a Jewish father and a non-Jewish mother, who “identifies as a Nichiren Buddhist” established the first V-Day that demands “that violence against women and girls must end.”

1999: Bruce Fleisher won the American Express Invitational with a three round score of 203.

1999: The New York Times book section featured a review Why Not Me? The Inside Story of the Making and Unmaking of the Franken Presidency by Al Franken.

2001(21stof Shevat, 5761): Eighty-four year old Maurice Levitas (Moishe ben Hillel) the Dublin born academic and activist who served with the International Brigade during the Spanish Civil War passed away today. His daughter Ruth Levitas is the author of The Concept of Utopia and his brother Max was took part in the “Battle of Cable Street.”
http://www.theguardian.com/news/2001/mar/07/guardianobituaries1

2003: University of California outfielder Brian Horowitz was responsible for a record-breaking RBI’s in today’s game. (Editor’s note – Brian Horowitz, the Golden Bear’s outfielder is not to be confused with Professor Brian Horowitz, the distinguished author and member of the Tulane University faculty)

2013: “Daredevil” a film based on characters created by Stan Lee and co-produced by Avi Arad was released in the United States today.

2003: “The Hours” a movie version of the novel of the same name produced by Scott Rudin with music Philip Glass was released in the United Kingdom today.

2004: On his 61st birthday, Aaron “Russo gave his full endorsement to the Free State Project, saying in his letter, ‘I encourage my fellow Libertarians and all freedom-loving Americans to consider joining the Free State Project.’”

2005:Effi Eitam was suspended from the party chairmanship by the National Religious Party's internal court, after he left the government against the center decision. The suspension caused Eitiam and Yitzhak Levi to leave the party.

2005(5thof Adar I, 5765): Seventy nine year old Henry Wolf passed away. (As reported by Steven Heller – note that the Times originally and incorrectly reported that he was 80)
http://www.nytimes.com/2005/02/16/business/media/16wolf.html

2005: The Taipei Times features an article in which Taiwan’s only rabbi, Ephraim Einhorn, recounts the history of Taiwan’s small Jewish community that has existed since the 1950’s and its links to the Holocaust.

2006: Indian Jewish cricketer Bensiyon Sonavkar played for Saurashtra in the match again Maharashtra .

2006(16th of Shevat, 5766): Eighty three year old Shoshana Damari, whose unique throaty voice and larger-than-life performances embodied the Hebrew revival myth, passed away today after a short bout with pneumonia. (As reported by Steven Erlanger)
http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C05E7DF133EF936A25751C0A9609C8B63

2007: Haaretz featured an article on the state of the Jewish community entitled “Las Vegas: Lots of Jews, not much Judaism.”  According to a comprehensive study released recently by Dr. Ira Sheskin, of the University of Miami, Las Vegas is now home to the country's 23rd-largest Jewish community. His research found that the Jews of Las Vegas are less observant and less connected to Judaism than the vast majority of U.S. Jews. Only 50 percent report attending a Passover Seder, only 14 percent report belonging to a synagogue and only a minority light Shabbat or Hanukkah candles or keep kosher.The one category where the Jews of Las Vegas do excel is intermarriage, with 48 percent of all currently married Jewish respondent/spouse couples being mixed.  On the positive side, La Vegas does not lack for wealthy Jews willing to support Jewish causes.  After all, Sheldon Adelson of Las Vegas, one of the richest men in the country, underwrote Sheskin's study and is a major philanthropist in the Jewish arena.

2007:Gabi Ashkenazi received the rank of Lieutenant General and was appointed Chief of the General Staff.

2008: The 12thNew York Sephardic Jewish Festival comes to an end with a showing of “Nuba of Gold and Light.”

2008: In The Financial Express, an article entitled “Guitar in Tow, Rabbi Set to Spread Jewish Traditions in Poland,” describes the work of Rabbi Tanya Segal..

2009: Ninety year old publisher Alfred A. Knopf, Jr. the only child of Alfred A. Knopf Sr. and Blanche Wolf passed away today. (As reported by Christopher Lehmann-Haupt)
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/16/books/16knopf.html?_r=0

2009: In Cedar Rapids, Iowa, a one-of-a-kind, award-winning exhibit of hundreds of pieces of World War II era mail and documents related to the Nazi’s attempted extermination of Jews and others will be publicly displayed at Coe College in the Perrine Gallery of Stewart Memorial Library.  The collection is owned by the Deerfield, Illinois-based Florence and Laurence Spungen Family Foundation, which acquired the extraordinary items to preserve and offer them for public use at Holocaust and genocide educational venues around the world.  According to a press release, “The insured value of the collection is $1 million, but the educational value to future generations is incalculable,” said Daniel Spungen, a member of the board of the Spungen Family Foundation. “One of the most heartbreaking artifacts and historical evidence of Nazi desecration is a torn fragment of a hand-written Hebrew parchment from a Bible scroll (Tanakh).  A German soldier used the holy scripture to wrap a parcel he mailed from Russia to Austria in 1942,” explained Spungen.  “The sacred parchment was pillaged from a Russian synagogue.  Ironically, the portion that was used as wrapping paper has passages from the first book of Samuel about the story of David and Goliath.” George J. Kramer, chairman of the New York-based Philatelic Foundation, described the scroll fragment as “one of the most important items of Judaic postal history.” This is only the third public exhibition since the acquisition of the historic items from a private collector was formally announced by the Spungen charitable foundation last September.  Steve Feller, past President of Temple Judah, a Coe professor of physics and co-author of the book, “Silent Witness: Civilian Camp Money of World War II,” will present an educational program about Holocaust-related money in conjunction with the exhibit of the collection. The postal artifacts in the collection are evidence of the torments, ravages and terror of war and genocide in Europe from 1933 to 1945.  They also show that many prisoners never lost hope, and the human spirit survived.  “We will be giving educational institutions and museums around the world the opportunity to use the exhibit materials for displays, lectures and research,” said Florence Spungen, Founder of the Foundation.  “This is a permanent educational tool for all generations to document this important period of time that cannot be forgotten.” The Holocaust exhibit was acquired intact from noted researcher, writer and collector, Ken Lawrence, of Bellefonte, Pa., a former vice president of the American Philatelic Society, who began assembling the material in 1978. Including items contributed by Spungen, the foundation now will be the guardian of the more than 250 envelopes, post cards, letters, and specially-designated postage stamps used exclusively by concentration camp inmates, Jewish ghetto residents and prisoners of war.  In addition, the collection includes counterfeit Bank of England paper money created by slave laborers during “Operation Bernhard,” the Nazis’ failed plot to undermine England’s economy and the subject of the recent motion picture, "The Counterfeiters."Frequently exhibited by Lawrence, the display won awards and medals at stamp shows including an international exhibition in Washington, D.C. in 2006. “The scroll page that was used for mailing a parcel is the most viscerally disturbing item.  Some scholars have told me it is among the most important surviving evidence of Nazi desecration,” said Lawrence.  “Chronic, flagrant desecration exemplified by violating that sacred scripture imbued the cultured German nation and historically honor-bound German army with an inhuman attitude toward Jews that made the Holocaust both possible, and given the opportunity, inevitable.” Some of the ghetto and concentration camp letters have coded or hidden messages about the plight of the senders.  Research about the postal materials has led to discovery of a previously unreported undercover address in Lisbon, Portugal, used by Jewish resistance fighters, and the location of two camps in Romania for slave laborers and political detainees. In addition to the Bible scroll fragment used to wrapping a package, the collection includes:

·         Rare examples of mail sent to prisoners and mail sent between inmates at different camps;

·         A card sent by an inmate at Dachau soon after it opened in 1933 is the earliest known prisoner mail from any Nazi concentration camp;

·         An October 3, 1943 letter to his parents in Rzeszów, Poland from Eduard Pys, a 21-year-old who arrived on the first transport at the Auschwitz concentration camp in May 1940;

·         The only known surviving piece of mail sent by Rabbi Leo Baeck, the leader of German Jewry (Reichsvertretung der Deutschen Juden), while he was confined to the Theresienstadt ghetto;

·         A postal checking account receipt imprinted with a crude anti-Semitic caricature denoting payment for a subscription to a Nazi propaganda newspaper, Der Stűrmer;

·         Mail secretly carried by children through the sewers of Warsaw during the 1944 uprising;

·         Mail clandestinely carried from Nazi-occupied Poland to the exhibit Polish Navy headquarters in London and to a Jewish resistance leader in Switzerland; and,

·         A December 1945 postal card addressed to Dr. Eugen von Haagen, a Nazi war criminal on trial after the war at Nuremberg, that is the only recorded example of the censor mark of the International Military Tribunal.

Arrangements are being worked out for the entire collection to be housed at the new facilities of the Illinois Holocaust Museum and Education Center that will open in April in Skokie, Ill. “We are genuinely excited about the prospect of being the central repository for this remarkable collection,” said Richard Hirschhaut, Executive Director of the museum.  The Florence and Laurence Spungen Family Foundation was established in 2006 to support charitable and educational causes.  Many of the historic artifacts now can be viewed online at the foundation’s Web site, www.SpungenFoundation.org.

2009: In Baltimore, Theatre Hopkins’ production of Lisa Kron’s innovative comedy “Well”,appears at JHU’s Swirnow Theatre on the Homewood campus.

2010(30 Shevat, 5770): Rosh Chodesh Adar

2010: The New York Times features reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Capitalism and the Jews byJerry Z. Muller and the recently released paperback edition of We Can Have Peace In the Holy Land: A Plan That Will Work by Jimmy Carter.

2010: Indian Home Minister Palaniappan Chidambaram said todat that the Chabad house in Pune had been under surveillance by David Headley, an American of Pakistani descent in prison in Chicago for allegedly scouting out targets for the Mumbai attack. Pune was the sight of a bombing on Saturday night..

2010: A third of the children in Israel live below the poverty line, according to data published by the National Insurance Institute today.

2010: Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff of the United States Military, Admiral Michael G. Mullen, is scheduled to arrive in Israel today as part of a tour of the region. Admiral Mullen will be hosted by IDF Chief of the General Staff Lt.-Gen. Gabi Ashkenazi, who will hold a festive dinner in his honor later tonight.

2010: The Counter-Terrorism Bureau of the National Security Council published a travel warning advising Israeli citizens against visiting Sinai during Pessah.

2011: “Hidden Children,” a movie “based on true events” that tells “the gripping story of two young Jewish brothers sheltered by a devout Catholic woman in Nazi occupied France, setting the stage for a political and legal battle that made headlines across the country” is scheduled to be shown at the Atlanta Jewish Film Festival.

2011: A documentary entitled “Over 90 and Loving It” is scheduled to be shown at the 21stAnnual San Diego Jewish Film Festival.

2011: The official transition ceremony between 19th General Gabi Ashkenazi the Israel Defense Forces' 19th chief of staff and Maj. Gen. Benny Gantz, the Israel Defense Forces' 20th chief of staff is scheduled to be held this morning at the prime minister's office in Jerusalem. The farewell ceremony for Ashkenazi is scheduled to be held at Tel Aviv University.

2011: A former Hungarian military officer has been charged with war crimes in the 1942 slaughter of 1,200 civilians in Serbia, prosecutors said today. The charges against Sandor Kepiro, 96, stem from his alleged participation in a raid by Hungarian forces on the northern Serbian town of Novi Sad in January 1942 that left more than 1,200 civilians dead, the Budapest Investigating Prosecutor's Office said.

2012: “Mahler on the Couch” is scheduled to be shown at the Palm Beach Jewish Film Festival in Palm Beach, FL.

2012: Shachiv Shnaan, an Israeli-Druze political leader “returned to the Knesset today as a replacement for Matan Vilani.

2012: “Restoration” is scheduled to be shown at The Yeshiva University Ring Family Israel Film Festival in NYC.

2012: Likud Party officials said today that it expects to hold its first party convention in over a decade on March 22nd.

2012: Congress is set to significantly increase funding for Israeli missile defense to more than make up for White House cuts to the program, Capitol Hill sources told The Jerusalem Post today. 

2013: In London, The Wiener Library is scheduled to host a presentation entitled “A Personal Story of the Holocaust” by Agnes Grunwald Spier who “was a baby when she and her mother were saved from deportation to Auschwitz by an unknown official.”  She is the author of The Other Schindlers’

2013: In honor of Valentine’s Day, UK Jewish Film is scheduled to sponsor a screening of “Paris Manhattan.”

2013: “It was announced that Martin Mann had been developing an untitled thriller film with another screenwriter for over a year, for Legendary Pictures.”

2013(4thof Adar, 5773): Eighty-one year old legal scholar Ronald Dworkin passed away today (As reported by Adam Liptak)
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/15/us/ronald-dworkin-legal-philosopher-dies-at-81.html?hp
http://www.haaretz.com/jewish-world/jewish-world-news/ronald-dworkin-dies-at-81-1.503643

2013: Eighty-nine year old Senator Frank R. Lautenberg of New Jersey announced today that he will not seek a sixth term.
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/15/nyregion/lautenberg-says-he-will-step-down.html?hp

2014: “Focus on the Family Weekend” sponsored by Frum Divorce is scheduled to open at White Plains, NY.

2014: “Commie Camp” is scheduled to be shown at the Jewish Film Festival in San Diego, CA.

2014: The Jewish Museum is scheduled to offer guided tours of “Art Spiegelman’s Co-Mix: A Retrospective” which celebrates the career of one of the most influential living comic artists, best known for Maus, his Pulitzer prize-winning graphic novel about his parents' survival of the Holocaust

2014: Friends and family prepare to celebrate the 80th birthday of Harriet Gasway, wife of Bill Gasway, and a pillar of the Cedar Rapids Jewish community.

2014: In today’s edition of Yedioth Ahronoth, Cameron Kerry, Secretary of State John Kerry’s Jewish brother recalled relatives who died in the Holocaust and labeled as “vile” recent personal attacks on the US secretary of state.

2014: Alexei Bychenko made took part in the final round of competition in the men’s figure skating at Sochi. (As reported by Yoel Goldman)

2014: After an Israeli passenger found a grenade safety catch aboard his plane at Ben Gurion Airport, all of the passengers aboard a Ukrainian International Airlines plane were evacuated along with their own baggage.  (As reported by Tova Dvorin)

2014: Residents of southern Israel were subject to two separate rocket attacks this evening.

2014: As the world prepares to celebrate St. Valentine’s Day, consider the following for the Jewish twist on a holiday connected with the three “c’s” – Cupid, Chocolate and Carats (as in diamonds)
http://www.tabletmag.com/jewish-life-and-religion/162315/aphrodisiacs-valentines-day
http://www.myjewishlearning.com/holidays/About_Holidays/Non-Jewish_Holidays/Valentines_Day.shtml
http://www.aish.com/ci/s/A_Jewish_Valentines_Day.html

2015: The Eden-Tamir Music Center is scheduled to host a piano recital by Ran Zemach.

2015: As of today a total of at least thirty homes in Madison, Wisconsin have been spray-painted with “anti-Semitic and racial slurs and swastikas” including a property that belonged “to Jim Stein, the president of the Jewish Federation of Madison, Wisconsin.”

2015: Shabbat Shekalim

2015: Following Shabbat, three people were shot tonight at a Copenhagen Synagogue.

2015(25thof Shevat, 5775): Eighty-seven year old poet Philip Levine passed away today. (As reported by Margalit Fox)

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/16/arts/philip-levine-former-us-poet-laureate-who-won-pulitzer-dies-at-87.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

2016: Benjamin Taylor author of Proust is scheduled to lecture on this topic at the 91nd St. Y.

2016:Masterpieces & Curiosities: Alfred Stieglitz’s The Steerage is scheduled to close at the Jewish Museum.

http://thejewishmuseum.org/exhibitions/masterpieces-curiosities-alfred-stieglitzs-the-steerage

2016: “Remember” and “Sabena Hijacking: My Version” are scheduled to shown on the last day of the 26th annual San Diego Jewish Film Festival.

2016: The New York Times features books by Jewish author and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Man Without a Shadow by Joyce Carol Oates and Jakob’s Colors by Lindsay Hawdon

 2016: Valentine’s Day – Yes, with all of the problems in the world there are those who seriously debate whether Jews are violating their religion if they participate in this debate!
http://www.algemeiner.com/2016/02/11/20-inspiring-jewish-valentines-day-quotes/#
http://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/valentines-day-and-judaism/2/#

2016: The funeral for General Avigdor Ben-Gal whose bravery and leadership in facing the Syrians during the Yom Kippur was a key to victory is scheduled to take place this afternoon at the Kiryat Shaul Military Cemetery in Tel Aviv.

2016: In the United Kingdom, The Guardian reported today that ‘Warsaw’s nationalist has moved to strip” “Jan Tomasz Gross, a Polish-born Princeton University History”  and “a leading Jewish Holocaust scholar” of the Order of the Merit of the Republic Poland “for asserting Poland was in part responsible for Nazi war crimes against its Jewish population during World War II.”

2017(18thof Shevat, 5777): Yahrzeit of 36 year old Judith Resnik, who died along with her six fellow crew members when the Space Shuttle Challenger disintegrated.

2017: “Fanny’s Journey” and “Fever at Dawn are scheduled to be shown at the San Diego Jewish Film Festival.

2017: Rabbi Barry Schwartz is scheduled to “present an in-depth profile” of the story of “Adam and Eve” as part of the “The Bible: The Greatest Stories Ever Told” at the Streicker Center.

2017: The world premiere of “pieces by Israeli composers Dina Pruzhansky and Moshe Kroll is scheduled to take place as Symphony Space in NYC.

2017: David Shulkin began serving as the 9th United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs.

2018: In Charlottesville, the Brody Center at the University of Virginia is scheduled to host “Bagels On the Lawn.”

2018: Dr. Avivah Zornberg is scheduled to lead “Miriam and Moses: Sing now! To God” in which she examines how “the tale of Moses’ sister offers an intimate glimpse in the tension” that exists between siblings.

2018: “Future 38” and “Julian Schnabel: A Private Portrait” are scheduled to be shown at the San Diego Jewish Film Festival.

2018: “Romance and Reason” in which “The Institute for the Study of the Ancient World in partnership with the National Library of Israel will explore these shared ideas and transmutations of imagery as expressed through Islamic manuscripts from the 11th through 18th centuries, a particularly rich and fertile period for these works” is scheduled to open today.

 

 

 

 

This Day, February 15, In Jewish History by Mitchell A. Levin

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 February 15

399 BCE: The philosopher Socrates is sentenced to death. No, Socrates was not Jewish and he did not know about what were the “Israelites” of his day.  However, Socrates would be one of those Greek philosophers whose teachings would challenge and influence Jewish thinkers and philosophers.  For example, Aristobulus, a second century Jewish teacher asserted that the Greek philosophers, including Socrates were influenced by the teachings of Moses.  In 1045, Ibn-Gebriol wrote a work on moral philosophy that included sayings from traditional sources such as the TaNaCh and the Talmud, but also contained his quotations from what he described as “the divine Socrates” and Socrates most famous disciple, Plato.

1113: Pope Paschal II recognizes the Knights of Hospitaller as a separate and independent monastic order to provide safety to the Crusaders and pilgrims. After the Moslems drove the Crusaders out of the Holy Land, the knights relocated to Rhodes and finally to Malta where they carried on their battle with the forces of Islam. During the 16th century, under the guise of fighting for Christ, the Knights of Malta turned to what many called piracy, capturing vessels in the Mediterranean Sea and then holding the captives for ransom.  This trafficking in humans took an inordinate toll on Jews who were extremely vulnerable as they sailed for commercial reasons or to flee the effects of the Inquisition. The Jews that were not sold were kept as slaves and provided the nucleus of the Jewish population of Malta.

1493: While still at sea on the voyage returning to Spain, Columbus wrote a letter describing the accomplishment of his first trip to what he thought were islands at the edge of Asia but which were really Hispaniola and Cuba.  The letter was addressed to Luis de Santángel a convserso (a Jew who had been baptized) who was the finance minister to the Spanish monarch.  He was one of those who championed Columbus’ voyage and actually contributed his funds to help pay for the voyage. 

1559: Paul IV issued “Cum ex apostolatus officio” a Papal Bull that confirmed that only Catholics can be elected to the position of Pope. According to some, the Bull was aimed at keeping Cardinal Morone who was rumored to be a secret Protestant from being named Pope. But it may also have been aimed at preventing Marranos from serving as Pope.  Pope Alexander VI, (the first Borgia Pope) was reputed to be the descendant of Marranos.

1611: A hostile army that had entered Prague was defeated; a fact celebrated by three liturgical poems authored by Ephraim Solomon ben Aaron of Lencziza.

1641(5th of Adar, 5401): Sara Copia Sullam, the daughter of a prominent Venetian family passed away. She was a truly unique figure for her time since she was not only a prolific poetess but a religious philosopher who wrote ”The Manifesto of Sara Copia Sulam” in which she refuted accusations that she had denied the immortality of the soul

1655: The twenty-three Sephardic Jews who arrived in the fall seeking sanctuary from the Inquisition are officially admitted into New Amsterdam over Governor Peter Stuyvesant's objections.

1694: Today, in Lubeck, Nathan Goldschmidt was accused of having received stolen goods. The trial dragged on for at least five years, and its result is not known. Goldschmidt was the son-in-law of a "Schutzjude” named Nathan Siemssens.  The charges against Goldschmidt may have stemmed from gentiles who were opposes to him being granted the same protected status enjoyed by his father-in-law.

1748: Birthdate of English philosopher Jeremy Bentham. According to Bhikhu C. Parekh, “what is surprisingly modern in the…philosopher’s toward the Jewsis that he did not consider them only as the mythical people of the Bible, as most thinkers of his age did, but dealt with this problem as the problem of a religious minority; as such, the Jews had to be tolerated in their religious practices…”  (For more see Jeremy Bentham: Critical Assessments by Parekh starting on page 323)

1758: Mustard makes its first appearance in what is now the United States, when German immigrants manufacture it in Philadelphia, PA.  [This was critical to Jews coming to America.  Can you imagine living in a country where you had to a corned beef on rye without mustard?]

1764:  Founding of the city of St. Louis in what would later be the state of Missouri.  The first Jews settled in St. Louis until 1807. Jews worshipped together as a community for Rosh Hashanah, 1836.

1765(24th of Shevat): Rabbi Mordecai Brisk, author of Mayim Ammukim passed away.

1775: Pius VI was elected Pope. He was the author of “Editto sopra gli ebrei,” or "Edict over the Hebrew”
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/anti-semitism/Edict1775.html

1779: In Scotland, Jean Paton and Thomas Dobson, who in 1814 would publish the first Hebrew Bible printed in the United States at Philadelphia, gave birth to their first daughter Margaret.

1780: In Amsterdam, Moses Salomon Asser and his wife gave birth to “Dutch jurist Carel Asser.”

1781(20th of Shevat, 5541): Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, German author and philosopher, passed away. Lessing was a friend of Moses Mendelssohn.  According to these two friends, the test of religion is its effect on conduct. This is the moral of Lessing's Nathan the Wise (''Nathan der Weise''), the hero of which is undoubtedly Mendelssohn. One direct result of this pragmatism was unexpected. Having been taught that there is no absolutely true religion, Mendelssohn's own descendants, along with a large number of other German Jews, had a philosophically acceptable rational for converting to Christianity.

1797: London native John Moss married Lancaster, PA native Rebecca Lyons today in Philadelphia, PA.

1798: After the occupation of Rome by General Berthier the local republicans dethroned the Pope. The Jews removed their yellow badges. Two days later a tree of freedom was planted in front of the synagogue.

1815: Birthdate of Moses Löb Bloch, native of Bohemia who became a rabbi in Hungary serving as the Rabbinical Seminary of in Budapest.  He passed away in 1909.

1818: Joshua Jacobs married Dinah Cohen at the Great Synagogue today.

1825: Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck, the Batavian (Dutch) Ambassador to France delivered a note to the French foreign minister on behalf of the Jews of Germany passed away today.

1827: Birthdate of Bavarian native Emanuel Lehman, who came to the United States with his brothers Henry and Mayer.  The three of them settled in Montgomery, Alabama where they prospered as cotton brokers and general commission merchants.  Mr. Lehman moved to New York in 1856 where he established a branch of Lehman Brothers which became one of the leading financial firms in the United States.  In 1859, he married Pauline Sondheim with whom he had four children before she passed away in 1871.

1839: Birthdate of Catholic theologian August Rohling whose Der Talmudjude“became a standard work for anti-Semitic authors and journalists” which really became a political force in 1883 with The Tiszaeszlár Affair, a blood libel centered in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

1846: In London, Samuel (Isaac) Henry Gluckstein and Hannah Coenradd Gluckstein gave birth to Julie Gluckestein who after marrying Abraham Abrahams became known as Julia Abrahams.

1846: In London, Samuel and Hannah Gluckstein gave birth to Helena Gluckstein, the twin sister of Julie Gluckstein.

1847:  Birthdate of Austrian composer, Robert Fuchs.  Fuchs was not Jewish.  But one of his most famous pupils was. From 1892 until 1900, Fuchs was a mentor and teacher for Franz Schreker one of the leading opera composers of his generation with works such as Der Ferne Klang, Die Gezeichneten, Der Schatzgräber, and Irrelohe. Schreker was born 1874 and died in 1934. His life and works were part of an exhibition mounted at the Jewish Museum in Vienna in 2005.

1850: In Hamburg, Emma Simon and Louis Bernheim gave birth to historian Ernst Bernheim.

1853: Birthdate of Abraham Marcus Pjurko, the native of Lomaza “who devoted himself to modern Hebrew Literature” and with his Chaim, published eleven stories just for children in 1893.

1856: In Baltimore, MD Jacob Hecht and Amelia Rosewald gave birth to  Rosa Hecht who married Moses Goldenberg and as Rosa Goldenberg served as Director of the Hebrew Ladies’ Sewing Society, the Vice President of the Hebrew Orphans’ Aid Society and principal of the Free Sabbath School.

1857: In New York a Jewish jewelry store owner named Ronsenbaum made bail today after being charged in a plot to defraud Samuel Goldbery.  He had previously been arrested on charges of "shyterism" for his part in defrauding an an unnamed woman out of an uspecified amont of money.

1865: Isaac Myers who rose to the rank of Corporal began his service in company G of the 74thRegiment today.

1870: Founding of Mikveh Yisrael home of the first Jewish agricultural school in Palestine.  The Hebrew name Mikveh Yisrael means Hope of Israel. It was one of the earliest attempts to connect a return to Promised Land with the literal re-building of the land through the agrarian life.  As we will see, this became a dominant theme personified by the Kibbutz Movement.  Mikveh Yisrael was established by a French educator named Charles Netter.  The settlement was inland near the Mediterranean town of Jaffa.  It would provide employment for many settlers in the days of the First Alyiah, which started during the 1880's.  The famous meeting between Theodore Herzl and Kaiser William II took place at the gates of Mikveh Yisrael in 1898.  In 1939, some of the graduates of Mikveh Yisrael founded a Moshav form of collective farming community) north of Tel Aviv, which they called Kfar Netter in honor Charles Netter.

1874: It was reported today that Prime Minister William Gladstone claimed that the Jews of London had met a couple of days ago and had decided to support his government in the upcoming election.  This stands in sharp contrast to claims by others that the Jews have not done this because they have a tendency to avoid participation in party politics.

1872: “Rabbi Aarons, from Jerusalem, an octogenarian” who is “said to be the oldest Rabbi in the United States met with Assistant District Sullivan for a second time to discuss his “request to carry his case before the Grand Jury for their investigation” that might lead to silencing or punishing those who have libeled him – a request which Mr. Sullivan finally granted.

1875(10th of Adar I, 5635): Eliakim Carmoly passed away at Frankfort-on-the-Main, Germany. Born in 1802, at Soultz-Haut-Rhin, France, Carmoly’s “real name was Goschel David Behr (or Baer); the name Carmoly, borne by his family in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, was adopted by him when quite young. He studied Hebrew and Talmud at Colmar; and, because both French and German were spoken in his native town, he became proficient in those languages. Carmoly went to Paris, and there assiduously studied the old Hebrew manuscripts in the Bibliothèque Nationale, where he was employed. Several articles published by him on various subjects in scientific papers made him known; and on the establishment of a Jewish consistory in Belgium, he was appointed rabbi at Brussels in 1832. In this position Carmoly rendered many services to the newly founded congregation, chiefly in providing schools for the poor. Seven years later, having provoked great opposition by his new scheme of reforms, Carmoly resigned the rabbinate and retired to Frankfort, where he devoted himself wholly to Jewish literature and to the collection of Hebrew books and manuscripts, in which he was passionately interested.”

1875: It was reported today that there are 250 Jews on the Managing Committee responsible for the upcoming Purim Association ball.

1876: In Russia a law enacted today, special regulations were formulated concerning the service of Jews in the Czar’s army.

1877: In Berlin, David and Bertha (Sanger) Zielonka gave birth to Martin Zielonka who came to the United States in 1880 after which he graduated from the University of Cincinnati, ordained as a Reform Rabbi at Hebrew Union College and eventually served as the rabbi at Waco’s Temple Rodef Sholom and El Paso’s Temple Mt. Sinai.
http://www.jmaw.org/rabbi-zielonka-el-paso-texas/

1877: In New York, the Ladies’ Bikur Cholim Society is scheduled to host a fundraiser today at Ferrero’s Assembly Rooms to provide support for the School of Industry

1878: In Americus, GA, Henriette Cohen and Meyer Benjamin Foster gave birth to Solomon Foste,r the graduate of the University of Cincinnati and Hebrew Union College who became the Associate Rabbi of Congregation B’nai Jeshurun in Newark, NJ.

1878: In Zbąszyń, Nowy Tomyśl County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland, Jacobi Bornstein, the son of Aron and Sara Bornstein and his wife Thelka Bornstein gave birth to Alfred Bornstein

1879: It was reported today that the Young Men’s Hebrew Union has recently acquired a gymnasium and bowling alley.  The organization is in its 3rdyear and now has 300 members.

1879(22nd of Shevat, 5639): Joseph A. Engelhart, passed away today in Raleigh, NC. A native of Mississippi, he was elected to serve as North Carolina’s Secretary of State in 1876 when he ran on the ticket with Governor Zebulon Baird Vance. Engelhart actually ran ahead of the ticket. He leaves behind a large family that will benefit from $50,000 in life insurance.

1881: In Lithuania, David Shubert and Gittel Helvich Shubert gave birth to Dora Shubert Wolf.

1881: In an attempt to provide information about Jewish practices regarding sacramental wine P.J. Joachimsen wrote from his home on East 69th Street that “the great majority of conforming Jews in this city use wine made from raisins at the Passover Feast.  Of course the raisins are fresh. Such raisin-wine is used in all conforming synagogues for the sanctification of Shabbat and holy days; i.e. for Kiddush and also for services at circumcisions and weddings.  Some, but not many, people use imported wine --- Italian, Hungarian or German --- which is certified as ‘Perach’ or ‘Kosher Wine.’”

1882: In Philadelphia, Mayor Samuel George King presided over a public meeting in his office this afternoon that was attended by Christians and Jews who were making plans on how to provide for the impending influx of Jews from Russia. According to Moses Dropsie, at least 100,000 Russian Jews have lost all of their possessions and were candidates for immigration to the United States.  So far, 2000 have arrived in New York and a total of 10,000 are expected.  Philadelphia has agreed to provide support for 10% of the group.  Those attending the meeting plan on petitioning the federal government to exert pressure on the Russians to put an end to the persecution of its Jewish citizens.

1882: While defending his government’s foreign policy in the House of Commons this afternoon Sir Charles Dilke, the Under Secretary of Foreign Affairs said that Great Britain would not be intervening with the Russian government on behalf of its Jewish subjects.  “All the precedents showed that English interference in the internal affairs of a foreign country would meet with a rebuff and do more harm than good.”

1882: In Obeliai, Lithuania, Rabbi Bunim Tzemach and Malka Silver gave birth to Rabbi Eliezer Silver, the President of the Union of Orthodox Rabbis who worked to provide aid for European Jews suffering during World War I and who worked to save thousands of Jews during the Holoaust.
https://web.archive.org/web/20051203005136/http:/www.cincypost.com/living/1999/silver051199.html

1883: Founding of Congregation Oheb Sholom in Goldsboro, NC which holds services on Friday evening and Saturday morning, operates a religious school, owns a cemetery and whose members included Henry Weil, S.S. Spier, Joseph Isaac, Joseph Schwab, Edward Lehman and Samuel Cohn.

1885(30thof Shevat, 5645): Rosh Chodesh Adar

1885(30thof Shevat, 5645): German born, American violinist and conductor Leopold Damrosch whose father was Jewish and mother was Lutheran passed away today.

1887: Annie Nathan became Annie Nathan Meyer when she married her second cousin Dr. Alfred Meyer.

1891: The New York Times reported on a gift worth $3,400,000 given by Baron Maurice de Hirsch “to ameliorate” the conditions of recent immigrants from Russia and Romania.

1891: Representatives of Jewish organizations from throughout the United States met in Philadelphia, PA today where they formed the Jewish Alliance of America.  The goal of the Alliance is to alleviate the suffering among Russian Jews by helping them to establish and maintain “farm colonies” in the American West.

1891: Rabbis Gottheil, Silverman and Kohut officiated at the service held this afternoon at Temple Emanu-El in memory of the late Lazarus Rosenfeld.

1892: Nine new cases of typhus were found by New York City Health department doctors today all which involved recently arrived Jewish immigrants from Russia.  Among the victims was 12 year old Abraham Mermer who was sent from his home on Essex Street to North Brother Island where joined his parents and other family members who were already under quarantine.

1893: It was reported today the Mrs. Falk is the Chairman of the Committee on Arrangements for the upcoming concert that will raise funds for the Hebrew Sheltering Guardian and Orphan Asylum.

1896: Police had to be called to 112 Clinton to restore order after fight broke among members of a Jewish society that used the building “as a synagogue on Saturday nights.”

1897: It was reported today that Mayor William Lafayette Strong, the last Mayor of New York elected prior to its consolidation told a meeting of the Free Sons of Israel that “During my term of office I had had many applications for aid, but I don’t think one single application came from a Hebrew.  The Jews take care of their own.  They are taught to be self-supporting.  Speaking as a gentile, I will say that you manage your charities better than we do.”

1897: It was reported today that an unnamed teacher on New York’s Lower East Side told her students that “If you grow up to be good Jews you will be good American citizens.  If you are not good American citizens you will not be good Jews.”  (This is an example of the binding of the Jews with the American Dream that has helped to differentiate the Jewish experience in the United States from other Diaspora Communities)

1897:  The new officers of District Grand Lodge No. 1, Independent Order Free Sons of Israel are: Grand Master – Ralph Rosenberg; First Deputry – M. Samuel Stern; Second Deputy – Julius Hass; Grand Secretary – J. H. Goldman.  Two of the committee chairmen were appointed – Isaac Engel and Isaac Niner.

1897: Birthdate of Gerrit Kleerekoper, the coach of the Dutch Ladies’ Gymnastics Team who would be killed by the Nazis at Sobibor.

1897: Emanuel Lehman, one of the original Lehman brothers, celebrated his 70thbirthday today. During his birthday celebration this evening, he was presented with loving cup honoring him for all of his support of the Hebrew and Benevolent and Orphan Asylum.

1897: “Every charitable association” in New York City “in which Emanuel Lehman is interested received a handsome check from him” today “with an explanatory note that it was a …present” marking his birthday.

1898: Baron Ludwig Von Erlanger, head of the Frankfurt branch of the banking house of Erlanger and Sons passed away.  Erlanger's father, Raphael Erlanger was Jewish but he converted to Christianity at his wife's behest prior to the birth of his sons Ludwig and Baron Emil B. Von Erlanger. The surviving son will now head the banking house which also has major offices in London and Paris. While neither of the Erlanger sons were raised as Jews, critics would describe them as such when it fit their needs.  1898(23rd of Shevat, 5658: The USS Maineexplodes and sinks in Havana harbor in Cuba, killing more than 260 including 15 Jewish serving on board the battleship. This event leads the United States to declare war on Spain.

1898: In Albany, New York state senator Cantor introduced a bill that would exempt “the real estate of the Young Men’s Hebrew Association from taxation, assessment and water rates.”

1898: The Purim Ball will be held tonight at the Waldorf Astoria Hotel.  This year’s tickets cost more than in the past because a banquet has been added to the event.  M.H. Moses, Simon Schafer, Henry Rick, Sol B. Solomon, Jules S. Bache, J.S. Isaacs and Narry are the members of the Purim Association responsible for the event. (Purim actually will not be celebrated until March 8)

1898: The New York state senate is expected to pass a bill introduced by Senator Cantor allowing for the incorporation of “The Hebrew Charities Building” in New York City.

1899: In Brooklyn, “Jewish immigrants Julius and Sarah (née Kasindorf) Josephson” gave birth to journalist and author Matthew Josephson whose works included a biography about Zola, the Frenchman who defended Dreyfus.
http://drs.library.yale.edu/HLTransformer/HLTransServlet?stylename=yul.ead2002.xhtml.xsl&pid=beinecke:joseph&clear-stylesheet-cache=yes

1899: In Litchfield, MN, Danish-Americans Hands and Christin (Holm) Sondergaard gave birth to actress Edith Holm Sondergaard whose career suffered irreparable harm when her husband, the American-Jewish screenwriter and film director was blacklisted as “one of the Hollywood Ten,” but who did not turn her back on him or sacrifice their marriage to satisfy the Right Wing Red Hunters.

1899: In New York City “Samuel Sachar, a Jewish immigrant from Lithuania, and Sarah Abramowitz, a native of Jerusalem” gave birth historian Abram Leon Sachar, the founding President of Brandeis University. He was a descendant of Gedaliah ibn Yahya ben Joseph, the 16th century Italian Talmudist.

1900: Herzl is received by Austrian Prime Minister Ernest von Koerber. Herzl writes a memorandum about the Jewish Colonial Bank. The subscriptions to the Bank are prohibited in Austria and Herzl wants to prevent that little people will lose their money.

1903: Herzl sends a new proposal to the Sultan: Colonization in the Sanjak of Acre in return for a guaranteed annual payment of 100.000 Turkish pounds. In a move that would place him at odds with the “Territorialists” Herzl is already thinking about Jewish colonization in Africa but is willing to make this one last attempt to deal with the rulers of the Ottoman Empire.

1904: Elizabeth Bonnell, a prominent South Carolina society matron who generously helped a poor Jewish family during the Yellow Fever epidemic of 1858 passed away

1905: René Worms was “created a chevalier of the Legion of Honor.”

1905:  Birthdate of composer Harold Arlen.  Born Hyman Arluck in Buffalo, NY, Arlen won an Oscar in 1940 for writing the score for “The Wizard of Oz.”
http://www.haroldarlen.com/bio-3.html

1906(20th of Shevat): Rabbi David Solomon Slouschz passed away

1906: In “Giving the Czar A Chance” published today Israel Ziony, the Political Editor of the Jewish American criticized Louis Nixon, the Tammany Hall leader, for trusting the promises of the Russians and Czar Nicholas II citing the orders that “were given to massacre Jews all over South Russia and the failure to honor the commitments to open up Manchuria which led to traders from the United States being driven out of the area.

1906:  The British Labour Party organized.  The Labour Party’s membership was an eclectic amalgam.  As one would expect, it included a large bloc of trade unionists.  But it is also attracted a cross section of intellectuals and professionals who saw the party as a vehicle that would help reform English society and its political system.  Jewish involvement reflected this membership spectrum.  For example, one of its early leaders was Manny Shinwell, a member of the trade union councils in Glasgow.  On the other hand, Leslie Haden Haden-Guest, 1st Baron Haden-Guest, veteran of the Boer War, author and solicitor was the first Jew to stand for Commons as a Labour Party Candidate.

1909(24th of Shevat, 5669): Boston native Benjamin Cohen, the business manager for the Boston Courier, a newspaper founded in 1842 passed away today in his home town.

1913(8thof Adar I, 5673): (Parashat Tetzaveh

1913: In Chicago, at the Haymarket Yiddish thespians Bernard Young and Clara Young appeared in the matinee and evening performance of “My Wife’s Husband.”

1913: It was reported today that “the Russian cabinet has resolved that unlike all of Russian and Finns, Jews” will not be allowed to vote in Finland

1913: It was reported today that a cable has been received from London stating that “Professor Boris Shatz, the head of the Bezalel Textile School of Jerusalem has postponed the exhibition of the produce of his school” which had been scheduled to take place in October in the United States.

1913: In Prague, Mr. and Mrs. Hugo Bergman gave birth to “psychoanalyst, author and educator” Martin Shlomo Bergman (As reported by Margalit Fox)

1913: Twenty year old Abiel Kiviat who had won a Silver Medal at the 1912 Olympic Games in Sockholm “set a 10 lap-track indoor mile record in New York.” (As reported by Bob Wechsler)

1915(1stof Adar, 5675): Rosh Chodesh Adar

1915: In “Danger to Jewish Religion” published today, Dr. Samuel Schulman was quoted as having told congregants at Temple Beth-el that in nationality he was an American, in religion he was a Jew and that “it was the duty of the Jews to teach not nationalism but internationalism.

1915: “Germans My Sell Jewish Institute” published today described the negativereaction of Jewish leaders in the United States to reports that “the German Hilfsverein of Berlin (a Jewish aide society)intends to force the sale of the property of the Jewish Institute of Technology at Haifa and to exclude from the division of the receipts contributors and creditors of the institute” such as those in the Russia, Great Britain and France “who are prevented by the war from being represented in the liquidation.”

1915: The House of Representatives voted in favor of a bill introduced by Congressman A. Mitchell Palmer and supported by the National Child Labor Committee whose first chairman was Felix Adler and whose leading members included Lillian Wald that “would end child labor in most American mines and factories. (Editor’s Note – The bill was died in the Senate but it was one of the many examples of where Jews were driven by the “social justice message” of the Prophets to improve the lives of the weakest in the society.  There is a certain irony to Palmer’s championing this measure.  He is the same A. Mitchell Palmer who as Attorney General led the “red hunt” after World War One which had a negative impact on so many Jews some of whom were Communists and/or Socialists.)

1916: A U.S. Navy collier is scheduled to set sail from Philadelphia today filled with supplies collected by the American Jewish Relief Committee for those suffering in Palestine

1917: Birthdate of George Forman, “a longtime comptroller of the American Civil Liberties Union who brought fiscal discipline to a ramshackle organization near bankruptcy in the late 1970's and later helped it develop into a powerful civil liberties conglomerate.” (As reported by Lily Koppel)

1918: In an interview given today at Berlin today, “Talat Pasha, the grand vizier of Turkey expressed the home that the Ottoman Government” would “maintain its sovereignty in Palestine” despite the current “British occupation” of the area.

1918: Today, Major Lionel de Rothschild lent Gunnersbury Lodge, the resident of the late Leopold de Rothschild, to the government so that it can “be used as a hospital for wounded soldiers.”

1918: In New York City, Rose (née Goldberg) and stockbroker Harry Arbus gave birth to Allan Franklin Arbus, the photographer turned actor best known for his role as the psychiatrist on M*A*S*H.
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/allan-arbus-photographer-who-went-on-to-become-an-actor-best-known-on-television-in-mash-8598026.html

1919(15thof Adar I, 5679): Parashat Tetzaveh

1919: It was reported today that “word has been received hat Michael Aronson, a student at Hebrew Union College who enlisted immediately after the war began and “who was blinded while serving in the army while serving overseas” “has been cited for the D.S.C.” (Distinguished Service Cross)

1919: “Special services” are scheduled to be held in Orthodox synagogues for the delegates attending the Zionist Convention in Chicago which began yesterday.

1919: Two months after it first appeared in New York, as of today the rest of the country could see “The Heart of Humanity” a silent war propaganda film produced by Carl Laemmle, co-starring Eric Von Stroheim

1919: Joseph Josephson, a Lithuanian born Jew who served with the Anzacs on the Western Front was discharged today.

1921(7thof Adar I, 5681): Sixty-nine year old Bohemian born Adolph Greenhut who “became a naturalize citizen in 1874” and whose marriage to Eva Greenhut produced one son – Herman – passed away today in Pensacola, FL where he served as Mayor from 1913 to 1915.

1921: In Vienna, Nathan Piernikatz who “operated a clothing business” and his wife gave birth to Arthur Piernkatz who made Aliyah after the Anschluss and gained fame as Asher Ben-Natan “the Director General of the Israeli Ministry of Defense” and Israel’s first Ambassador to Germany.

1921: Elka Lerner, a cousin of Joseph Barondess, gave birth to a baby aboard the SS Chicago two days before it arrived in New York Harbor.

1922: As sign of erosion for support of the Balfour Declaration, “Sir William Joynson-Hicks, a
Conservative Member of Parliament, asked the Prime Minister David Lloyd George, to explain the reason why the Government has promised the Jewish people a national home ‘in a country which is already the national home of the Arabs.’”


1922: Birthdate of Herman Kahn “one of the preeminent futurists” who “predicted the rise of Japan as a major world power.”

1922: In Merv, Turkmenistan, Gevork Alikhanov who was an Armenian and Ruth Bonner who was Jewish gave birth to Elena Georgievna Bonner, the Soviet dissident and human-rights campaigner who endured banishment and exile along with her husband, the dissident nuclear physicist Andrei D. Sakharov.  As reported by Alessandra Stanley and Michael Schwiritz)

1923: Ted “Kid” Lewis (born Gershon Mendeloff) was defeated in a bout at the Royal Albert Hall which cost him British Middleweight title and European Middleweight title.

1923: In Manhattan, Helen Sachs Straus and Nathan Straus Jr. who became director of the United States Housing Authority under President Franklin D. Roosevelt and a New York State senator, gave birth to Ronald Peter Straus “who took over WMCA in New York in the late 1950s and turned it into one of the nation’s most innovative radio stations, broadcasting what are regarded as the first radio editorials and political endorsements and helping to popularize rock ’n’ roll.” (As reported by Robert D. McFadden)
http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/peter-strauss-populist-wmca-radio-host-nyc-fixture-dead-89-article-1.1132553

1924: “Cardinal Michael von Faulhaber Hails Hitler as Intelligent and Sympathetic Leader”

1924: Birthdate of Newark, NJ, native Jerome “Jerry” Yellin, the P-51 fighter pilot who flew the last combat mission of WW II.
http://captainjerryyellin.com/
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/24/obituaries/jerry-yellin-93-dies-flew-the-last-world-war-ii-combat-mission.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

1925: In Cologne, Germany, Marcus and Eleanora (Cohn) Prawer gave birth to Siegbert Salomon Prawer whose family fled from Nazi Germany to England where he eventually became Taylor Professor of the German Language and Literature at the University of Oxford.
http://www.mod-langs.ox.ac.uk/files/prawer_obit.pdf

1926: Carlos Israels, Alvin Grauer and Fred Behrens were reported to be members of the Temple Emanu-El League debating team of Temple Emanuel and Edward Levine, David Stein and Milton Levine were reported to be members of the Junior League debating team of Temple Beth-El.

1926: Birthdate of Richard Adolf Bloch who started “the H and R Block tax preparation and personal finance company with his older brother Henry in 1955.”

1927: In case of Jew versus Jew bantamweight Herman “Kid” Silvers defeated Milton Cohen at the 102nd Engineers Armory in New York.

1927: In Chicago, Illinois, “Ellen (née Blecher) and Cyril Raymond Korman, a salesman” gave birth to Harvey Herschel Korman the comic actor who gained fame as the second banana on “The Carol Burnett Show.”

1928: Birthdate of Harold Arnold Ackerman, the New Jersey native who served as a federal judge for three decades.

1929: In New York City, Jewish immigrants Julius and Rhea Schlesinger gave birth to James Schlesinger “who became a Lutheran as an adult” according to some to advance his academic career at a time when being Jewish was a limiting factor and served as Secretary of Defense and the first Secretary of Energy. (As reported by Robert D. McFadden)
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/28/us/politics/james-r-schlesinger-cold-war-hard-liner-dies-at-85.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&_r=0

1931: Birthdate of Maxine Frank Singer, a leading biochemistry researcher and advocate of science education.

1931: In London Elizabeth (née Grew) and Edward Max Blume gave birth to Patricia Claire Blume who gained fame as actress Claire Bloom.

1931: “Two orthodox synagogues, The Hebrew Orthodox Benevolent Association and The Young Men’s Hebrew Association, merged to become Congregation Beth Jacob. Under the leadership of Rabbi Louis Feigonz'l, the members raised funds to build a new synagogue on the site of the old Hebrew Orthodox Benevolent Association. In the 1970s the congregation joined the Conservative Movement in an attempt to attract more members. Today the congregation is small, but still active in the Galveston Community.”

1932: Benjamin Nathan Cardozo, Chief Judge of the New York State Court of Appeals, was nominated by President Hoover today to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States to fill the vacancy caused by the retirement of Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes

1932: George Burns and Gracie Allen debuted as regulars on "Guy Lombardo Show”, a hit radio shoe. He was Jewish. She was not.

1932: At Lake Placid, the ceremonies marking the end of the Winter Olympics in which speed skater Irving Jaffee had won two gold medals took place today.

1935: In Brooklyn Mae and Samuel Warhaftig gave birth to Susan Warhaftig who gained fame as journalist and author Susan Brownmiller.
http://oasis.lib.harvard.edu/oasis/deliver/~sch00352
http://jwa.org/thisweek/feb/15/1935/this-week-in-history-against-our-will-author-susan-brownmiller-is-born

1935: “A committee created by the U.S. Congress to investigate the distribution of Nazi propaganda in America found that Nazis are targeting millions of Americans of German heritage with pro-Nazi teachings.”

1936(22ndof Shevat, 5695): Parashat Yitro

1936(22ndof Shevat, 5695): Forty-four year old multi-talented musical impresario Charles David Isaacson, the son of violinist Mark N. Isaacson and nephew of Barney Isaacson, the court violinist to Queen Victoria passed away today at Bellevue Hospital.
http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=9E00E4D7103BE23AA15755C1A9649C946794D6CF

 1936: “Rabbi Israel Mattuck of the Liberal Jewish Synagogue in London” is scheduled to “preach today at Temple Emanu-El…on the topic of ‘The Present Crisis in Civilization’”.

1936: Dr. Stephen S. Wise, made public a report today showing that $47,888,125 “has been spent in Palestine” from funds collected by the United Palestine Appeal of which he is chairman.

1936: In Poznan, Poland, the “members of the Jewish community protested to the Ministry of Cults and Education that the prohibition against slaughtering animals “which have not been first stunned” “would deprive Jews of meat because it would ban kosher slaughtering which allow stunning before killing.”

1937: It was reported today Emil Ludwig has soured on writing biographies since the Nazis came to power because they “have burned his books, murdered his friends” and “used their power against the Jews not in the manner of “attacking moving fishes” but rather  “letting the water out of the basin until the fishes slowly die in the sand.”

1938: The Austrian government declared a general amnesty for Nazis.

1938: It was reported today that among the foreigners who have decided to stay in China despite the invasion by Japan is “a Canadian Episcopal mission established in a synagogue” established “2,000 years ago by a tribe of Jews who settled” in Kaifeng. (Editor’s note – this item is included as a testament to the antiquity of the Jewish settlement in East Asia.)

1939: Lillian Hellman's "Little Foxes" premiered in New York City.

1939: “ “Bela Imredy, the father of the anti-Jewish bill intended to exclude Jews and those Christians with Jewish parentage from the Hungarian civil service and liberal professional while radically curtailing their postion in trade and industry resigned as Premier today” because “he was compelled to admit.. that he was of Jewish descent” since “his mother’s grandfather was born a Jew.”

1940(6thof Adar I, 5700): Fifty eight year old German mathematician Otto Toeplitz who was dismissed from the faculty of Bonn University in 1935 and who emigrated to Palestine in 1939 where he worked at Hebrew University succumbed to tuberculosis today.

1941(18thof Shevat, 5701): Parashat Yitro

1941(18thof Shevat, 5701): Eighty-five Moravian born Austrian musicologist Guido Adler the son of Franciska and Dr. Joachim Adler passed away today in Vienna.
http://hmfa.libs.uga.edu/hmfa/view?docId=ead/ms769-ead.xml

1941: In France, the Oeuvre de Secours aux Enfants (Children’s Aid Society) installed a medical post and obtained permission to take numerous children away from Gurs concentration camp, who would be housed in private homes throughout France.

1942: Singapore fell to the Japanese today.

1943(10th of Adar I, 5703): Four hundred fifty of the Jews remaining in the ghetto at Drohobych were taken out of the ghetto to Bronica Forest where they were murdered.

1943: Rutka Laskier, a fourteen year old living in Bedzin, Poland writes in her diary: “Monday I haven’t written in while and there was nothing to write about. Maybe just the fact that the Germans have retreated from the Eastern front, which may signal the nearing of the end of the war… I'm only afraid that we, the Jews, will be finished before ...But how shrewd am I, I have written already so much about the war and nothing about myself. Janek hasn't been seen since Wednesday. I must admit that I miss him, I mean, not him but his forehead. He has a wonderful white forehead ... I'm curious if Jumek is still in love with Tusia. Actually, he's a good guy. I like him, but not in the same way I like Mietek. With Mulek you can talk and forget about the sex difference, and I like that very much. When you talk to Janek, he is always very polite, reserved, just waiting for the moment he can help me with something and in that way, show me his superiority. Oh, him and his superiority! I can't stand it, that's why I liked Lolek. Actually, I still like him, but I haven't seen him in a while. I plan to go to Lolek in order to get the book "P.P." I heard it's great. It would be a great opportunity also to talk with Tuska about Rozka. I hate those two; I hate Rozka even more than Tuska. I had an argument with Tuska but it was for her own good. I saw how jealous she was (though at that time I didn't understand that). She was afraid to leave me alone in the room with Janek. I made a scene and we fell out. She was basically very pleased with it. And one more thing: I have decided to let Janek kiss me. Eventually, someone will kiss me for the first time, so let it be Janek. I do like him.” In August, the Laskiers were sent to Auschwitz, where Rutka and her mother, grandmother and brother were all killed.

1943: Today Timemagazine reported that “The late, great prestidigitator Harry Houdini, famed foe of phony mediums, and his wife Beatrice agreed before his death to try to get in touch with each other afterwards. Gravely ill last week in Hollywood, his widow announced that she had not only given up trying but had her doubts about the existence of a hereafter. She had held séances every year for ten years, unsuccessfully. "Ten years," observed patient Mrs. Houdini last week, "is long enough to wait for any man."

1944: Churchill invites Chaim Weismann to dine with him.  After the dinner Weizmann reassured his Zionist colleagues that the Prime Minister still had a positive view of the formation of a Jewish commonwealth in Palestine after the war ended.

1945: Launch of the HMS Sanguine, the British submarine which was sold to the Israeli Navy in 1958 and later renamed “Rahav.”

1946(14thof Adar I, 5706): Purim Katan

1946: Six months after opening in the United Kingdom,  “The Seventh Veil” a “melodrama” with music by Benjamin Frankel was released in the United States today.

1946: Thirteen months after being liberated at Auschwitz followed by an unsuccessful effort to find surviving family members in Poland, Tzipora Shapiro wrote her cousin Rhuze living in Poland, “At long last, I’m hurry to send you a living word from a dead world.” (As reported by Yardena Schwartz)

1946: Birthdate of American actress Marisa Berenson.

1947: Dr. Alfred Meyer and his wife, Annie Nathan Meyer, will celebrate their sixtieth wedding anniversary this afternoon at a reception in the Women's Faculty Club of Columbia University.

1948: Birthdate of Art Spiegelman.  The Swedish born cartoonist is best known for Maus: A Survivor's Tale and Maus: from Mauschwitz to the Catskills.  He won the Pulitzer Prize in 1992.

1950: Prime Minister Tawfiq told Ezekiel Shemtob that he would allow the Jews to leave Iraq.  He agreed to issue them "laissez-passers" and "full Iraqi passports."

1951: The government led by Prime Minister Ben Gurion resigned “after the Knesset had rejected David Remez’s proposals on the registration of school children” triggering elections that would be held in July.

1951: In Middlesex, England John Benjamin Frankenberg, an obstetrician who father had emigrated to the East End to escape from the Russian Pogrom and Mieke van Tricht, a Dutch Protestant who had been a POW in WW II gave birth to Joyce Penelope Wilhelmina Frankenberg who gained fame as actress Jane Seymour.

1952: “Le Plaisir” a comedy directed by Max Ophüls was released today in Paris.

1957(14thof Adar I, 5715): Purim Katan

1958: Birthdate of Sir Michael Lawrence Davis, the native of South Africa and alum of Theodor Herzl School in Port Elizabeth who went from a successful business career  to serving as CEO of the British Conservative Party while raising three children – Sarah, Ronit and Eitan – with his wife Barbara.
http://jewishnews.timesofisrael.com/former-jlc-chair-sir-mick-davis-made-conservative-party-ceo/

1960: David Susskind produced Shaw’s “Don Juan in Hell” as the Play of the Week.

1960: In “Top Hand With A Rhyme,” published today Joe Hyams describes the talents of Sylvia Fine, the wife of Danny Kaye.
http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/peter-strauss-populist-wmca-radio-host-nyc-fixture-dead-89-article-1.1132553

1962(11thof Adar I, 5722): Seventy-two year old Russian-born American character actor Vladimir Sokoloff two whose most memorable roles were in “For Whom the Bell Tolls” and “The Magnificent Seven” passed away today.

1965: In London, world premiere “Lord Jim” directed, produced and written by Richards Brooks and co-starring Eli Wallach.

1966: Gertrude Luckner a Christian social worker who ended up in Rabensbruck for aiding Jewish families “was recognised as Righteous among the Nations by Yad Vashem.”
http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/righteous/stories/luckner.asp

1967: ITV broadcast the first episode of “At Last the 1948 Show” co-created by Marty Feldman who also starred in the political satire.

1967:President Lyndon B. Johnson met briefly with his friend Jim Novy, a member of the Agudas Achim Congregation of Austin, Texas, and an important leader in the local Jewish community whose relationship with the President dates back at least as far as LBJ’s time as head of the National Youth Administration in Texas.

1968: A group of 26 Jewish lawyers, doctors and scientists in Vilnius (Vilna) addressed a letter to the Central Committee of Lithuania’s Communist Party describing the widespread discrimination against the Jewish people and demanding the right to immigrate to Israel.

 1971:  Birthdate of comic Alex Borstein.  Born Alexandra Borstein, this descendant of Sephardic Jews is best known for her work on “MADtv.”

1972(30thof Shevat, 5732): Rosh Chodesh Adar

1974: “Ulysees in Nhighttown” which had opened Off-Broadway in 1958 with Zero Mostel in the lead role opened on Broadway at the Winter Garden starring Obe Award winner Mostel.

1975(3rdof Adar I, 5735): Salvator Cicurel an Egyptian Olympic fencer who competed in the individual and team épée and team foil events at the 1928 Summer Olympics passed away. Born in 1893, he was part of a prominent Egyptian Jewish family that owned The Cicurel stores which were Egypt's largest and most fashionable department store chain

1976: Seventy-seven Maria Corda, the former wife of Alexander Korda with whom she enjoyed a professional and personal relationship and whom she saved from Hungarian fascists passed away today.

1977(27th of Shevat, 5737): Seventy-three year old Hungarian born American abstract painter Victor Candell passed away today.
https://library.syr.edu/digital/guides/c/candell_v.htm
http://www.blueheronfa.com/wordpress/?p=452
https://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/interviews/oral-history-interview-victor-candell-12351

1981(11th of Adar I, 5741): American journalist and writer Isaac Don Levine passed away. Born in Mozyr, Russia, in 1892, “Levine came to the United States in 1911. He finished high school in Missouri, and found work with The Kansas City Starand later The New York Herald Tribune, for which he covered the Revolution of 1917. He would return to Russia to cover the Civil War for The Chicago Daily News in the early 1920s.” Levine was a columnist for the Hearst papers during the late 1920s and 1930s. “He edited the anti-communist magazine Plain Talk from 1946 till 1950, but did not join The Freeman, opting for a stint with Radio Free Europe in West Germany instead. In the spring of 1939, Levine collaborated with the Soviet intelligence agency defector, Walter Krivitsky, for a series of articles in the Saturday Evening Post, exposing the horrors of Joseph Stalin's "workers' paradise." In November of that same year, the series was collected into a book entitled In Stalin's Secret Service. Levine's role in the writing was not revealed at the time. In the meantime, Levine arranged a meeting in September 1939 between American Communist Party defector Whittaker Chambers and President Franklin Roosevelt's security chief, Adolf Berle, at which Chambers revealed, with Levine present, a massive spying operation reaching even into the White House that involved, among others, Alger Hiss in the State Department and, according to Levine, Harry Dexter White in the Treasury Department. Levine also provided testimony to the House Un-American Activities Committee in the case against Hiss. Levine wrote the screenplay for the biographical movie “Jack London” (1943) and also appeared as himself as one of the witnesses to the John Reed era in ‘Reds’ (1981). He makes a brief appearance in Walter Isaacson’s Einstein: His Life and Universe (2007) as a friend of Einstein, but they fell out over their political differences

1981(11th of Adar I, 5741): Mike Bloomfield, guitarist with Paul Butterfield Blues Bandpassed away at the age of 37.
http://www.mikebloomfieldamericanmusic.com/nbio3.htm
https://bolesblogs.com/2010/08/30/the-madding-end-of-mad-mike-bloomfield/

1981(11thof Adar I, 5741): Eighty-two year old Dezső Ernster the son of a cantor and a leading Hungarian opera singer who survived Bergen Belsen to continue a career that took him to the leading opera houses of Europe and the United States including the Met where he “sang leading bass roles from 1946 to 1963” passed aay today.

1983 (2nd of Adar, 5743): Dr. Eugene Hevesi, who had served as foreign affairs secretary for the American Jewish Committee, died of lung cancer to at Long Island Jewish Hospital at the age of 87.  He was born in Budapest, the son of Simon Hevesi, Chief Rabbi of Budapest, and came to the United States in 1937 as an economic attaché in the Hungarian Embassy. He resigned in protest over the passage of an anti-Semitic law in Hungary and served with the American Jewish Committee for 23 years. For 20 years, Dr. Hevesi was also the United Nations representative for six Jewish nongovernmental organizations, including the Joint Distribution Committee and the Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society. He received a Doctor of Laws degree in Hungary and an advanced degree in economics from the Consular Academy of Vienna. In the 1960's, he served as a liaison official between several American Jewish organizations and the Vatican. He is the father of Assemblyman Alan G. Hevesi.

1984: “Beyond the Walls” a Hebrew language film “directed by Uri Barbash and written by his brother Benny Barbash and Eran Preis which was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film” was released in Israel today.

1985: U.S. premiere of “Beyond the Walls,” a 1948 Israeli film that “was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.

1987: In “Israel’s Pioneers Return On Film,” published todayThomas Friedman describes the filming of “Dreamers,” a film about the Dreamers Commune set in the 1920’s that captures “the moment when the idealism of the first Jewish settlers who came to this land from Eastern Europe to build a utopian society met the realities of the harsh Palestinian landscape and the Arab people who were already inhabiting it.”

1988(27th of Shevat, 5748): Richard Feynman, Nobel-Prize winning nuclear physicist who worked on the Manhattan project passed away at the age of 69.  Being Jewish presented a problem for Feynman when he was pursuing his academic career.  He was probably rejected by Columbia because of the New York’s school’s Jewish quota. He was admitted to MIT where he had a stellar undergraduate career. After graduating from MIT, Feynman applied to the doctorate program at Princeton. Harry Smythe, who oversaw the program at Princeton, was concerned about Feynman’s religious background. “Is Feynman Jewish? We have no definite rule against Jews but have to keep their proportion in our department reasonably small because of the difficulty of placing them.”  Despite the prejudice, Feynman was admitted and performed brilliantly.

1989:  The Soviet Union announced that its last troops had left Afghanistan, ending the ten year Soviet military operations in that mountainous Moslem nation.  From the Jewish perspective, the Soviet invasion and subsequent defeat influenced Jewish history in terms of the law of unexpected consequences.  The Soviet debacle in Afghanistan hastened the downfall of the Soviet Union and the Communist Party.  This opened the door to a massive movement of Jews from the Soviet republics to Israel.  It also provided an opportunity for the rebirth of Jewish culture and the observance of the Jewish religion in the Soviet republics.  The foreign fighters who came to the aid of the Moslems in Afghanistan would become a cadre for groups of anti-Western and anti-Semitic terrorist groups that would ultimately pose an even graver, at one level, threat to the West, to the Jewish People and to Israel, than had been seen even in the darkest days of the Cold War.

1990: In Germany, premiere of “The Handmaid’s Tale” with a screenplay by Harold Pinter and featuring Blanche Baker as “Ofglen/”

1992(11th of Adar I, 5752): William Schuman, a composer whose distinctly American style won two Pulitzer Prizes and guided him as the founding president of Lincoln Center and the president of the Juilliard School, passed away today in Manhattan at the age of 81. (As reported by Bruce Lambert)
http://www.nytimes.com/1992/02/16/nyregion/william-schuman-is-dead-at-81-noted-composer-headed-juilliard.html

1995(15thof Adar I, 5755): Ninety year old Baron Jules de Koenigwarter, the former husband Kathleen Annie Pannonica Rothschild, who served as a Colonel with the Free French and held several diplomatic posts after the war, passed away today.
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/19/arts/music/19sing.html?pagewanted=all

1998: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Founding Myth of Israel:Nationalism, Socialism, and the Making of the Jewish Stateby Zeev Sternhell and Stalking Elijah: Adventures With Today's Jewish Mystical Masters by Rodger Kamenetz

2004: Various editions of the secular pressfeatured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including, An Almost Perfect Moment by Binnie Kirshenbaum, Ten Thousand Lovers by Edeet Ravel, My Life in Comedy, With Love and Laughter by Sid Caesar with Eddy Friedfeld, The Eve of Destruction: The Untold Story of the Yom Kippur WarBy Howard Blum, War Paint: Madame Helena Rubinstein and Miss Elizabeth Arden, Their Lives, Their Times, Their Rivalry by Lindy Woodhead and Language Visible: Unraveling the AlphabetFrom A to Z by David Sacks, a history of the alphabet from ancient times.  Writing as we know it dates from approximately 2000 BCE, the same time when the Jews first appear on the world scene.  Is it a coincidence that the "People of the Book" appear at the same time as the alphabet does?  As we have said, studying Jewish History means studying the history of the world.

2001: “Ambassador Leaves Israel for Homeland Posting” published today provides a background on the life an care of Emanuel Zisman
http://sofiaecho.com/2001/02/15/628153_ambassador-leaves-israel-for-homeland-posting

2005: Last time that Stan Lee’s Sunday Comics, that included “Stan’s Soapbox” was updated.

2007: In an article entitled “Anne Frank’s doomed American dream” The Times of Londonreported on newly discovered letters that reveal the increasingly desperate efforts by Anne Frank’s father to get his family out of Nazi-occupied Amsterdam before they were forced into hiding in the attic where the teenage girl wrote her famous diary.

2007(27th of Shevat, 5767): Robert Adler, 93, who helped invent the device that created a nation of sedentary television viewers forever flummoxed by the question, "Where's the remote?" died, of heart failure in Boise, Idaho, according to Zenith, his longtime employer. Dr. Adler, a Viennese-born physicist with more than 180 U.S. patents in his name, the most famous of which was for the wireless remote control for televisions.

2007: In Mannheim, Germany, Ernst Zündel was convicted of “incitement for Holocaust Denial” and “sentenced to the maximum term of five years in prison.

2008: Eli Alexander Sherman the newborn son of Rabbis Aaron Sherman and Stephanie Alexander attends his first Shabbat service at Temple Judah in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. At 7 pounds, 14 ounces and 21 and one half inches in length he is the smallest as well as the newest member of the Jewish community.  Calendars are circled for the Bar Mitzvah in 2021.

2008: The Jerusalem Post on line reported that more than 50 Hezbollah terror cells believed to be spread across the globe could be activated and used to strike at Israeli or Jewish targets in retaliation for the assassination of Hezbollah arch-terrorist and operations officer Imad Mughniyeh in Syria, a senior defense official said; this despite disclaimers from the Israelis that did not commit the act

2008: “The Other Boleyn Girl” starring Natalie Portman as Anne Boleyn is screened for the first time at the Berlinale (Berlin International Film Festival)

2009:Jewish Genealogical Society of Great Britain (JGSGB) Manchester meets at the Manchester Jewish Museum

2009: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including With Wings Like Eagles: A History of the Battle of Britainby Michael Korda, We Can Have Peace in the Holy Land:A Plan That Will Workby Jimmy Carter and recently released paperback editions of The Spare Wife by Alex Witchel and The Much Too Promised Land: America’s Elusive Search for Arab-Israeli Peace by Aaron David Miller.

2009: The Washington Post featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Levittown by David Kushner and How We Decide by Jonah Lehrer.

2009:A one-of-a-kind, award-winning exhibit of hundreds of pieces of World War II era mail and documents related to the Nazis' attempted extermination of Jews and others will be publicly displayed at Temple Judah. The collection is owned by the Deerfield, Illinois-based Florence and Laurence Spungen Family Foundation, which acquired the extraordinary items to preserve and offer them for public use at Holocaust and genocide educational venues around the world. It includes counterfeit Bank of England paper money created by slave laborers during "Operation Bernhard," the Nazis' failed plot to undermine England's economy and the subject of the recent motion picture, "The Counterfeiters." Steve Feller, who with his daughter Rachel co-authored the book Silent Witness: Civilian Camp Money of World War II, will present an educational program about Holocaust-related money in conjunction with the exhibit. Steve will be speaking at 11:00 am and 1:00 pm. The Florence and Laurence Spungen Family Foundation was established in 2006 to support charitable and educational causes. Many of the historic artifacts now can be viewed online at the foundation's Web site, http://www.SpungenFoundation.org.

2009: Opening day of “The Expanse of Russia in Israel,” an international conference sponsored by Tulane University’s Jewish Studies Program under the Chairmanship of Dr. Brian Horowitz, “The conference is devoted to a long-awaited investigation of Zionism and the influence of secular Russian culture on Israeli life.” Given the rise of Beiteinu leader Avigdor Lieberman, the topic of this conference becomes all the more urgent and timely.http://www.tulane.edu/~jwst/WebsiteFiles/downloads/conference_schedule_02152009.pdf

2010 (1 Adar, 5770): Rosh Chodesh Adar.

2010: In Israel, observance of Family Day.

2010: Israeli archaeologists said today that they've discovered an unusually shaped 1,400-year-old wine press that was exceptionally large and advanced for its time. The octagonal press measures 21 feet by 54 feet (6.5 by 16.5 meters) and was discovered in southern Israel, about 40 kilometers south of both Jerusalem and Tel Aviv

2010: The bomb attack on a restaurant in Pune, India, not far from a Chabad Jewish center, was not directed at the Chabad house, an Israeli security official said today. Nitzan Nuriel, head of counterterrorism at Israel's National Security Agency, said that the "attack in India was not directed at Chabad house, even though Chabad houses appear on the potential lists of targets maintained by some of the groups that operate in the area." Indian intelligence services had said that it was highly likely the bomb that tore through a cafe was meant for the local Chabad House, located several dozen meters from the site of the blast.

2010: The first issue of The Jewish Review of Books is scheduled to begin arriving in mailboxes across the United States marking the launch of “a quarterly magazine devoted Jewish literary and political affairs.

2010: The Josephine F. and H. Max Ammerman Study Retreat at the Pearlstone Conference and Retreat Center in Reisterstown, Maryland featuring a program entitled “The Rise and Fall of Ancient Israel: From the Exodus through the Babylonian Exile in Light of New Archaeological Discoveries” is scheduled to come to an end.

2010: Israeli pianist Roman Rabinovich and the Jupiter musicians are scheduled to perform Dvorak’s “Dumky” Trio and a Haydn Piano Trio in New York City.

2010: According to reports published today, “a painting by Adolf Hitler, which may have hung in Sigmund Freud's office, will be put up for auction in Britain next month. The starting price is 10,000 pounds. The watercolor depicts a church and mountains, and is signed, "A. Hitler, 1910.""Sigmund Freud, Vienna," is written on the back of the painting, which led its owners to conclude that it may have hung on the wall of Freud's Vienna office, where he lived and worked until he fled to London after Germany took over Austria in 1938. After World War Two, the painting was brought to Italy, where it was taken by an American soldier who later claimed that he was told the painting was hanging in Freud's clinic. If the painting is indeed the work of Hitler and was on the wall of the famous psychiatrist, then the two may have known each other. Both lived in Vienna at the same time (around 1910), when Hitler was trying to make a living as a painter. Richard Westwood-Brookes from Mullock's Specialist Auctioneers told the Telegraph yesterday, "The possibility that this watercolor once hung on the walls of Freud's consulting rooms in Vienna may seem on the face of it completely bizarre. But both men were in Vienna at the same time and we know Hitler was selling his paintings, so it is quite possible that Freud had one on the wall. "We will never know for certain whether this was Freud's, but it raises the tantalizing prospect that the two men might have met," he said.

2011(11thof Adar I, 5771): Dr. Charles Epstein, a UC San Francisco medical geneticist who studied Down syndrome and pioneered genetic counseling for families with affected children, but whose career was temporarily interrupted by a vicious 1993 attack by the notorious Unabomber, passed away today at his home in Tiburon, CA at the age of 77. (As reported by Thomas H. Maugh II, in the LA Times)

2011: The 92ndStreet Y is scheduled to offer a program entitled “Purim Class” that is a “journey behind the mask of joyous fun and games of Purim” that explores “the complex story and meaning behind this perplexing Jewish holiday.”

2011: Jeffrey Tambor began playing the role of “Georges” in the Broadway revival of “La Cage aux Folles.”

2011: An American Synagogue, a documentary  that tells “the remarkable story of the building of Frank Lloyd Wright's Temple Beth Sholom in Elkins Park, Pennsylvania and “100 Voices: A Journey Home” a documentary that “chronicles a musical voyage to the birthplace of songful prayer known as chazzanut” are scheduled to be shown at the Atlanta Jewish Film Festival.

2011: Israeli embassies throughout the world have received several suspected terror threats, the Israel Foreign Ministry said in a statement today. The threats against the embassies are allegedly from Hezbollah to avenge the murder of Imad Mughniyah on the third anniversary of his death

2011: Gerda Weissmann Klein was presented with the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian award in the United States

2012(22ndof Shevat, 5772): Ninety five year old Zelda Kaplan passed away (As reported by Ruth La Ferla)
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/18/nyregion/zelda-kaplan-fixture-of-new-york-fashion-scene-dies-at-95.html?_r=0

2012: “Making Trouble: Three Generations of Funny Jewish Women” is scheduled to be shown at the Leventhal-Sidman JCC in Newton MA.

2012: “Jewish Soldiers in Blue and Gray” is scheduled to be shown at Anshei Emuna Congregation in Delray Beach, FL.

2012: “For My Father” is scheduled to be shown at The Yeshiva University Ring Family Israel Film Festival 

2012: The Jewish Historical Society of Greater Washington is scheduled to celebrate “President’s Day with a noontime program about Isachar Zacharie, a chiropodist whom President Abraham Lincoln trusted not only with his feet but with a peace mission to the Confederacy.

2012: Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said today that Iran is destabilizing the world and urged the international community to condemn its terror acts against Israeli targets. The prime minister's comments come a day after a botched terror attack in Thailand, which Israeli officials believe was meant to target Israel's ambassador in Bangkok. The bombing followed an attack on Israel's embassy in New Delhi and an attempted attack on Israeli diplomats in Tbilisi. "(As reported by Barak Ravid)

2012: Southern farming regions bordering Gaza were targeted by Palestinian rocket fire tonight. Two rockets exploded in the Sdot Negev Regional Council, two more fell in the Ashkelon Coast Regional Council, and a fifth fell in the Eshkol Regional Council.

2013: Shaare Tefila in Olney, MD is scheduled to host Shabbat Alive!, an “instrumental Friday night service.”

2013: The Eden-Tamir Music Center is scheduled to be the site for a special concert “The Big Members of the Violin Family” featuring Inbal Megiddo on cello and Paul Altromari on double bass.

2013: At the Weiner Library in London, Dr. Susan Cohen of the University of Southampton is scheduled to deliver a lecture entitled “Rescue the Perishing: Eleanor Rathbone and the Refugees” which traces the British MP’s effort to rescues Jews from Eastern Europe.

2013: Clarinet and tenor saxophonist Anat Cohen, along with her brothers - trumpeter Avishai and soprano saxophonist Yuval are scheduled to perform tonight at Carnegie Hall.

2013: A synagogue in Siberia was among the buildings damaged when “a meteor streaked across the sky and exploded over central Russia” today. (As reported by Anne Cohen)

2013: Jonathan David Leibowitz resigned as Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission effective as of today.

2013: A highly unusual maiden Knesset speech delivered by Yesh Atid legislator Dr. Ruth Calderon has become something of a YouTube sensation, garnering over 80,000 views as of this afternoon — compared, for instance, to fewer than 4,000 views for the maiden speech delivered by her party leader, political sensation Yair Lapid, the day before.

2013: Bulgarian security forces today raided the temporary residences of a visiting Hamas delegation in Sofia, and then expelled the officials from the country, Palestinian news agency Ma'an reported.

2014: “Closing Night” and “Bethlehem,” winner of Israel’s best-picture award are scheduled to be shown at the Jewish Film Festival in San Diego, CA

2014: Today “The World Jewish Congress accused Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban’s government of trying to “falsify” history, adding its voice to concerns about Holocaust commemorations this year.”

2014: In Tel Aviv, three Israelis were arrested in connection with the stabbing of asylum seekers this evening.

2014(15thof Adar I,  5774): Eight-nine year old former hospital administrator Rosalyn “Dolly” Saget, the widow of supermarket executive Benjamin Saget and the mother of comedian Bob Saget passed away today

2015: The New York Times features reviews by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The B Side: The Death of Tin Pan Alley and the Rebirth of the Great American Song by Ben Yagoda and Believer: My Forty Years in Politics by David Axelrod.

2015: “The Max Steinberg Memorial Scholarship Endowment Fund which was established by Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in partnership with the fallen soldier’s parents, Stuart and Evelyn, and his siblings, Paige and Jake…is set to be launched today in New York by American Associates of the Ben-Gurion University.”

2015: The Times of Israel hosted its inaugural Gala in New York tonight “mixed tributes to some of Israel’s fallen wit accolades for some of Israel’s pioneers.”

2015: Deb Mrowka is scheduled to address those attending the Anne Frank: A History for Today exhibit at the Oregon Jewish Museum and Center for Holocaust Education.

2015: In Olney, MD, the Shaare Telia Men’s Club and Sisterhood are scheduled to square off in the “It’s Academic” Trivia Game Competitio.

2015(26thof Shevat, 5775): “Copenhagen Jewish community guard Dan Uzan was murdered early this morning following an attack on synagogue where a bat mitzvah celebration was taking place.
http://www.timesofisrael.com/i-wish-i-didnt-have-a-bat-mitzvah-and-dan-was-alive/
http://www.timesofisrael.com/copenhagens-jews-shaken-but-not-surprised/

2015: Final performance of “Life Sucks” written and directed Aaron Posner is scheduled to take place at Theatre J in Washington, DC

2015: The Pears Institute for the Study of Anti-Semitism is scheduled to host a screening of “Shoah” followed by a panel discussion.

2015: The first annual Times of Israel Gala is scheduled to take place at the Waldorf Astoria.
http://www.toigala.com/

2015: “Lt. Gen. Benny Gantz – the man the prime minister didn’t want at the army’s helm – is scheduled to complete a four-year term of service as the IDF’s top commander today, having shepherded the army through the Arab uprisings, the rise and fall of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, the cyclonic civil war in Syria, and the ever deteriorating security situation along Israel’s border lands.” (As reported by Mitch Ginsburg)

2015: “German Jews at the Eastern Front in WW I: Modernism Meets Tradition” a “must see” exhibition at the Center for Jewish History is scheduled to come to a close today

2015: Danish police confirmed early this morning that one man was killed after a gunman shot him in the head outside a Copenhagen synagogue and that the shooter also injured two policemen in the arm and leg.

2016: The National Park Service announced today that Philanthropist “David Rubenstein, who has already donated tens of millions of dollars to refurbish the Washington Monument and other icons, is giving $18 million to fix up the Lincoln Memorial.”

2016: Former Prime Minister Ehud Olmert is scheduled to begin serving a 19 month sentence at Lod’s Ma’asiyahu Prison today after having been convicted of accepting bribes while serving as May of Jerusalem.

2016: Depending upon a meeting with its staff, The Nazareth Mediterranean Cuisine, a Columbus, Ohio restaurant owned by Israeli Hany Baransi which was the scene of a terrorist attack on Thursday, is scheduled to re-open today.

2016: While speaking in Tel Aviv tonight, Samantha Powers, the U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations “accused the world body of harboring a bias against Israel.”

2016:President’s Day, officially the third Monday of February, celebrates all U.S. presidents. For more about Jews and American Presidents see http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/US-Israel/presquote.html  and http://www.jewishpost.com/archives/news/united-states-presidents-and-the-jews-from-george-washington-to-george-bush-1.html

2017: Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is scheduled to have his first summit meeting with President Donald Trump in Washington, DC.

2017: Curator Bonni-Dara Michaels is scheduled to conduct a tour of Yeshiva University Museum’s newest exhibition “Uncommon Threads” which features garments, textiles and jewelry spanning three centuries. including “a gold bracelet that belonged to the wife of the Hatam Sofer, a 19th-century Ottoman velvet bridal dress and the groom’s tallit katan, an embroidered Italian Torah binder from 1602, and an early Ashkenazic wimpel dated 1643.”

2017: “Kapo in Jerusalem” and “Rabin In His Own Words” are scheduled to be shown at the San Diego Jewish Film Festival.

2017: In Cedar Rapids, the Hadassah Book Club is scheduled to discuss Esther: Royal Beauty by Angela Hunt.

2017: “US President Donald Trump bucked America’s longstanding commitment to a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict today, standing alongside Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu at a press conference in the White House.” (As reported by Raphael Ahren and Eric Cortellessa)

2018: Dr. Avivah Zornberg is scheduled to lecture on “Moses Veiled and Unveiled” at the Streicker Center.

2018: “Frtiz Lang” is scheduled to be shown for the first time in San Diego at the San Diego Jewish Film Festival.

2018: The American Jewish Historical Society and the Leo Baeck Institute is scheduled to present Marion Kreith speaking on “Cuba’s Forgotten Jewels: A Haven in Havana.”

2018: “Ben-Gurion: Epilogue” a documentary created by Yael Perlov and Yariv Mozer” is scheduled to be shown at Baruch College.

2018(30thof Shevat, 5778): Rosh Chodesh Adar – First Day; for more see http://downhomedavartorah.blogspot.com/

 

 

This Day, February 16, In Jewish History by Mitchell A. Levin

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February 16

600: Pope Gregory the Great decrees that the phrase "God bless You" is an appropriate response to a sneeze. Gregory's policy in regard to the Jews is expressed in the following sentence, which was adopted by later popes as a fixed introductory formula to bulls in favor of the Jews: "Just as no freedom may be granted to the Jews in their communities to exceed the limits legally set for them, so they should in no way suffer through a violation of their rights" (As reported by the Jewish Encyclopedia)

1086: In response to a solar eclipse, citizens of Sicily burn torches and lamps during normal daylight hours. Jews would have been among those burning these lights. They had been living in Sicily since the end of the Great Revolt in 70 when they came to the island as slaves.  Jews lived at Palermo, Syracuse and Catania.  The community would survive until they were expelled as part of the Spanish Inquisition.

1249: Louis IX of France, also known as St. Louis, dispatched Andrew of Longjumeau as his ambassador to meet with Mongol Khagan of the Mongol Empire. Louis was in Egypt engaged in the first of his two Crusades aimed at regaining the Holy Land from the “Islamic infidels.”  Andrew’s mission was part of an attempt to forge an alliance with the Mongols against the Moslems.  Louis had financed his first crusade (known to history as The Seventh Crusade) in part by expelling all of the Jews engaged in usury and confiscating their property. Further acts of his pre-Crusade piety included the burning of some 12,000 manuscript copies of the Talmud and other Jewish books and an expansion of the Inquisition.  The alliance with the Mongols failed to materialize and the crusade was a total failure.

1349: The Jews were expelled from Burgsdorf Switzerland

1525: During the Great Peasants Revolt which will test the skills “Shtadlan: Josel (Yosel) of Rosheim, “25 villagers belonging to the city of Memingen rebelled” demanding an improvement in their economic conditions and change in the political environment that controlled their lives.

1565(15th of Adar): In Mantua, Italy first printing of Menorat ha-Ma’or by Rabbi Isaac Aboab

1570: The Jews miraculously escaped the impact a violent earthquake in Italy.

1594: Astronomer Tycho Brahe arranged for The Maharal (Judah Lowe, the Chief Rabbi of Prague) to meet with Emperor Rudolph II.

1616: Elias Felice Montalto passed away.  Montalto had converted to Christianity but later returned to Judaism.  A physician and author who had lived in Venice, Montalto was living in Paris and serving as the private physician to Queen Maria de Medici at the time of his death.  The queen had him embalmed and sent to the Jewish cemetery at Ouderkerk near Amsterdam.

1780: Acher Ascher Lion ou Loew and Gitlé Loëw gave birth to Benjamin Wolf Loew.

1799: French forces under Napoleon Bonaparte occupied the Egyptian town of El Arresh after an eight day siege. The French Army then began a march towards Khan Younis and Gaza.

1803: Moses Lazarus married Judith Magnus today at the Great Synagouge.

1829: Henrietta Samuel and Solomon Benedict de Worms who “owned large plantations in Ceylon and was made a hereditary baron of the Austrian Empire by Franz Joseph I gave birth to George de Worms, 2nd Baron de Worms the English official and banker whose sibling included Anthony Mayer de Worms, Ellen Henreitta de Worms and Henry de Worms.

1837: Birthdate of Asher Asher the native of Glasgow who was the first Jew in Scotland to become a doctor of medicine and the author of The Jewish Rite of Circumcision.

1840: Birthdate of Gotha native, Frederike Bognar who became a successful German singer and actress.

1842: Judah Cohen married Caroline Davis today at the New Synagogue.

1842: Isaac Somers married Hannah Marks today at the New Synagogue.

1845: Birthdate of explorer George Kennan who spent two years working in Russia which gave credibility to his comments in 1893 that the Russians were indeed issuing edits aimed to punish the Jews which were forcing them to leave and come to the United States.

1848: Joseph Solomon married Caroline Kesner today at the Great Synagogue.

1854: L'étoile du nord (The North Star) an opéra comique in three acts by Giacomo Meyerbeer was performed at the Salle Favart by the company of the Opéra-Comique, Paris, for the first time today. Meyerbeer whose birth named Jacbo Liebmann Beer, was the son of the German-Jewish financier Jacob Judah Herz Beer and Amalia Liebmann Meyer Wulff

1855(28th of Shevat): Jacob Raphael Furstenthal passed away in Breslau.  Born at Glogau in 1781, he is known for his German translations of and Hebrew commentaries to the Moreh Nebukim of Moses Maimonides and the Ḥobot ha-Lebabot of Baḥya ibn Paḳuda,

1857: "Strange Piece of Rascality and Shysterism" published today reported on an apparent attempt to defraud Samuel Goldberry who had been arrested on a charge of petty larceny last March and who was still waiting to stand trial.  According to the article "Heitman, a Jew," a police officer named Frank White, a man named Piser, a Jew named Rosenbaum and a Jew named Rosenberg, conspired to con Goldberry out of $165.00.  [Interestingly, the author only the Jews were identified by religion.]

1857: The National Deaf Mute College (later renamed Gallaudet University) is established in Washington, DC, becoming the first school for the advanced education of the deaf. In the course of fulfilling its educational mission Gallaudet has created a selected bibliography styled, “Deaf Persons in the Holocaust.” http://library.gallaudet.edu/dr/faq-holocaust.html.

1858: In Richmond, VA, Solomon H. Myers and his wife gave birth to track star Laurence Eugene “Lon” Myers.
http://www.jewishsports.net/BioPages/LonMyers.htm

1864: After enlisting in 1861, Captain Morris Kayser completed his service with Company A of the Ninety-First Regiment.

1868:Charles August Lauff, the German native and California businessman, and his wife, Maris J. Sebran, the daughter of Gregorio and Ramono Briones, gave birth to twin daughters – Valentina and Julia.

1869: Birthdate of Julius Tandler native of Moravia who became a physician and political leader in Vienna.

1870: The Jews of Sweden were emancipated.

1871: The Executive Committee of the Hebrew Charity Fair presented Emanual B. Hart with an engraved silver dinner service tonight in recognition of the services he has rendered in making the latest fund raiser a successful event.  Mr. S.L. Cohen made the presentation speech and Mr. Hart responded with the appropriate words and toasts.

1872: It was reported today that of the 73 private charitable institutions in New York City controlled by religious denominations that received state aide in 1870, two of them were controlled by Jewish organizations.  They received $11, 453.72 out of a total allocation of $688,048.86. No final figures were available for 1871.

1872: “An Oriental Seeks Justice” published today described the legal difficulties of Rabbi Aarons, an octogenarian from Jerusalem who while preaching in a small uptown New York City synagogue “denounced certain wind-dealers who” he claims “pretended to sell wine especially prepared for Jewish religious observances” when it was in fact prepared by non-Jews which meant that it was ritually unfit.

1872: It was reported today that Mr. Rosenfeldt had committed suicide in Kingston, Jamaica. Mr. Rosenfeldt had converted to Christianity from Judaism.  Many of the Jews in Kingston thought that Rosenfeldt had changed his mind.  But in a suicide note written to the Bishop the deceased said he had killed himself because “others were conspiring against” and he wanted to leave part of his estate to those working to convert Jews. [Editor’s note – I can find no further reference to Mr. Rosenfeldt or his family who was living in Germany at the time of his death.]

1879: It was reported today that out of the 40,000 people living in Krakow, 12,000 of them are Jews most of whom are “Orthodox or Rabbincial.

1880: David Harfeld, the brother of Rabbi Eugene Harfeld failed to return the furnished room he was renting with his wife, the former Julia Harlan.  This desertion would lead to charges of bigamy in case that would be heard nine years later.

1880: Telegrams were received in Cleveland, Ohio from Evansville, Indiana, inquiring about the whereabouts of Bethold Landua, the Secretary of Kescher Sher Bassel. Landau, who has not been heard from in two weeks, has possession of nearly $40,000 of the society’s money.  The society is holding its annual national convention in Evansville.

1881: Birthdate of Hans Meiser, the pro-Nazi Nuremberg native who served as Bishop of the Bavarian Evangelical-Lutheran Church.  In 1938 he imposed the following loyalty oath: I swear to God the Almighty and Alknowing: I will be loyal and obedient to the Führer of the Reich and Volk, Adolf Hitler, I will obey the laws, and I will conscientiously fulfill all my official duties, so help me God."

1882: According to the Times of London, the British Foreign Office is about to issue a report based on information provided by its consular officials describing attacks on the Jews living in Russia.  While there are no proven “cases of the violation of women” there is clear evidence of “other serious outrages.” If the authorities had used the proper amount of force, “the outrages” might have been confined to a more limited area.  For obvious reason, the Jews still living in Russia have been reluctant to provide information to the British officials. [Editor’s Note – Use the term “outrages” to describe a Pogrom must be a classic example of the English penchant for understatement.]

1882: German immigrants Marcus and Hannah (Itzig) Cronbach gave birth to Abraham Cronbach, the graduate of HUC and the University of Cincinnati who combined his pulpit activities with deeply held pacifist beliefs.
http://collections.americanjewisharchives.org/ms/ms0009/ms0009.html

1885(1stof Adar, 5645): Rosh Chodesh Adar

1886: In Hartford, CT, Jacob Wetheim and his wife, the former Hannah Frank of Hoboken NJ gave birth to investment bank Maurice Wertheim, founder of Wethheim and Co and the husband of Alma Morgenthau with whom he had three daughters, including the award winning historian and author Barbara W. Tuchman.
https://www.nypl.org/blog/2010/06/18/maurice-wertheim

1890: The 23 piece Hebrew Orphan Asylum Band played at this evening’s concert sponsored by the Seligman Solomon Society.

1890(26thof Shevat, 5650): Fifty-eight year old Philadelphia Myer Asch, the son of Clarissa and Joseph M. Asch who reached the rank of Colonel while serving with the Union Army during the Civil War and pursued a career in dentistry after the war passed away today in New York.

1890(26thof Shevat, 5650): Isaac Jacob, a Jewish peddler, ambushed Herman Rogozinski, a Washington Market poultry carrier and shot him with a 38 caliber “Blue Jacket” pistol fatally wounding him when the bullet struck Herman in the breast. He then committed suicide after a failed attempt to kill Mrs. Rogozinksi.

1890: “The Jew Question in France” published today described the attempts of the Boulangists to revive interest in the movement by exploiting “discontent in financial and social circles with” successful Jewish banks in general and the Rothschilds in particular. (The Boulangists were a right-wing militarist movement named for General Boulanger and was an example of the social unrest in the Third Republic that produced, among other things, the Dreyfus Affair)

1891: It was reported today that Lewis May and Jesse Seligman spoke at the memorial service held to honor the memory of Lazarus Rosenfeld.  They recounted “his efforts in the founding of Mount Sinai Hospital, the Hebrew Orphan Asylum, the Home for the Aged, the Montefiore Home and Temple Emanu-El.”

1891: It was reported today that the newly elected officers of the Jewish Alliance of America are: President – Simon Wolf of Philadelphia; Vice Presidents – Dr. H.W. Schneeberg of Baltimore, Dr. Charles D. Spivak of Philadelphia and Ferdinand Levy of New York; Secretary – Barnard Harris of Philadelphia; Treasurer – Simon Wolf of Washington, D.C. The goal of the alliance is to help teach the newly arriving immigrants from Russia “habits of self-support” with an emphasis on farming.

1892: As the outbreak of typhus fever continues to spread, The Health Department is scheduled to accept the offer of the Immigration Commissioners to use Ward’s Island as a quarantine site for those found to be suffering from typhus. The fever seems to be most prevalent among recently arriving immigrants including a large number of Jews from Russia.

1892: The Second Conference of the Russian American Hebrew Agricultural Fund Association will meet this evening at the Hebrew Institute on East Broadway.

1892: Birthdate of Rochester, NY, native David Hochstein, the distinguished violinist and soloist with the Rochester Orchestra who sailed to France as a lieutenant with the AEF where he performed his last concert at Nancy before being killed during the fighting at the Argonne Forest in 1918.

1892: It was reported today that all of the 84 people quarantined on North Brother Island because of typhus fever are Jewish immigrants from Russia who arrived aboard the SS Massilia.

1893(OS): “Glouskine a clever young Jew who served in the Russian army with distinction, rising to be an under officer” and who “then became the manager of important iron works in the village of Kamieny” was ordered today “ to get out within eight days together with his family” as part of the forced Russian expulsion of Jews in Poland.

1896: “Synagogue Members In A Fight” published today described fight that broke between supporters of Solomon Bentowski and Heyman Solomon during the business meeting of synagogue that met at 112 Clinton Street in New York. The police were called but no arrests were made.

1897: The third monthly conference of representatives of New York City charities including N.S. Rosenau of the United Hebrew Charities is scheduled to take place today.

1898: It was reported that Judge Meyer S. Isaacs will speak at the next meeting of the Young Men’s Hebrew Association.

1899(6thof Adar I, 5659): Track-star Laurence “Lon” Myers passed away today on his 41stbirthday
http://www.usatf.org/HallOfFame/TF/showBio.asp?HOFIDs=118
http://library.la84.org/SportsLibrary/JSH/JSH1975/JSH0202/jsh0202b.pdf

1899: French President Félix Faure dies in office.  Faure was the “addressee” of one of the most famous letters in Jewish History. On January 13, 1898 The French newspaper L’Aurore published a letter written by Emile Zola entitled J’accuse addressed to Faure.  The letter exposed the conspiracy known as the Dreyfus Affair.

1902: In a letter to the Sultan, Herzl summarizes his negotiations. The Sultan's decision is unfavorable.

1903:  Birthdate of Liverpool native Louis Pollock whose family moved to the United States in 1916 where he eventually developed a career as screenwriter – a career that was ended when he was put on the Blacklist because the Witch Hunters confused him with another writer, Louis Pollack.  (What a difference an “a” makes.)
http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/c8f76fxq/entire_text/

1908: Ukrainian born New York Socialist and state legislature, Abraham Isaac “Abe” Shiplacoff, the son of Naphthalia Hertz Shiplacoff and Chana Tshipliacov and Yetta Ettle Itta “Henrietta” Shilpacoff  gave birth to Lydia “Libby” Aaron Greene, he wife of Matthew Greene.

1910: Colonel Claude Reignier Conder passed away. During his service with the Corps of Engineers, he

took part in a survey of Western Palestine from 1872 to 1874 along with Lieutenant Horatio Kitchener, the future British military leader known as Lord Kitchener.  He also served two tours with the Palestine Exploration Fund Among his literary accounts of his work were  Tent Work in Palestine, Memories” The Survey of Western and Eastern Palestine, and The City of Jerusalem.

1912: A Turkish Jew, G. Valensin Bey, who was a member of the municipal council of Alexandria, was appointed Commander of the Order of St. Maurice and St. Lazarus by the King of Italy

1912(28thof Shevat, 5672): Eighty-five year old theatrical manager and writer Albert L Parkes passed away in New York City.

1913: “After an interregnum of eighteen months and a spirited contest between candidates, Dr. Joseph H. Hertz of New York was to-day elected Chief Rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregations of the British Empire at a meeting of the Electoral College, presided over by Lord Rothschild, President of the United Synagogue.”

1913(9thof Adar I, 5673): Organist Samuel L. Hermann passed away today in Philadelphia, PA.

1913: In Rozwadow, Poland, Sara Jitka Birnbaum and Mamci Springer gave birth to Abraham Chaim Springer.

1913(9th of Adar I, 5673): Sig Livingstone, a banker from Tamaqua, PA passed away today in Havana, Cuba.

1915(2nd of Adar, 5675): French composer Emil Waldteufel passed away.

1915: The American Jewish Relief Committee issued a plea to every Jew in New York asking that they send at least one dollar to the office of Treasurer Felix Warburg so that the committee could take advantage of the offer of U.S Navy to ship 900 tons of food supplies “for the suffering and starving population of Palestine.”

1915: Birthdate of Leah Ray Hubbard, the Norfolk, VA born singer who became Leah Ray Hubbard Werblin when she met MCA executive and future owner of the New York Jets “Sonny” Werblin.

1915: “Order Jews to Rear” published today described the forced deportation of Jews from a large part of Poland by the Russian government.

1915: Jacob N. Chester took issue with claims by Russia that Jews were being forcibly being deported from Zyrardow because “of the discovery of a concrete base for heavy guns” at M. M. Dietrich’s factory where only Jews were employed before the war because “as a matter of fact not a single Jew was ever employed in this factory” which employed 20,000 Polish and German workers.

1916: Thanks to the efforts of Albert Lucas, representing the Central Relief Committee of New York the U.S. Collier Sterling is scheduled to leave today carrying “a cargo of medicine and matzos” to Palestine.

1917: After 425 years, dedication of the first synagogue to open in Madrid. We all know about 1492 when the Jews were expelled.  Now we know a little about their official readmission.

1917: While speaking tonight at Temple Israel in Harlem on “the possibility of the United States entering the war” Rabbi M.H. Harris said that Jews have “mixed sympathies” because they believed the Allied cause deserves the endorsement of America” but are bothered by the long history of Russian oppression of the Jews while feeling tied to Germany because of its place in the development of “modern Judaism.”

1918: Lithuania proclaimed its independence from Germany.  Lithuania would have to fight both the Germans and the Soviets for its right to be independent.  According to one source, at least 3,000 Jews fought in the armies defending Lithuanian independence.  This active role brought Jews and their institution a certain amount of early recognition in the early days of Lithuanian independence.  This acceptance would recede during the thirties.  Following the outbreak of World War II, over 90 per cent of the Jewish community would perish at the hands of the Soviets and the Nazis.

1919:  Louis Lipsky, Rabbi Ephraim, Judge Hugo Pam and Myer Arbrams are among some of the speakers scheduled to address the delegates attending the Zionist Convention in Chicago.

1920: In Brooklyn, “Isaac Sackler and the former Sophie Ziesel, Jewish immigrants from Eastern Europe who ran a grocery store” gave birth to Raymond Raphael Sackler “whose family made a fortune from OxyContin.”
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/19/business/raymond-sackler-dead-of-purdue-pharma.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

1920: Today, following her divorce from vaudeville actor Lou Leslie, Belle Baker, the famous “torch singer, vaudevillian and movie actress, married her second husband, Maurice Abrahams, with whom she had one son Herbert Joseph Baker, before Abrahams died in 1931.

1926: In London, “Winifred Henrietta (née Regensburg) and Bernard Edward Schlesinger, a physician” gave birth to director John Schlesinger who won the Oscar for Best Director for his work on “Midnight Cowboy” which won the 1969 Oscar for Best Picture.

1926: In Frankfurt, Edith and Otto Frank gave birth to their first daughter Margot, the older sister of diarist Anne Frank

1927: In Suffolk, England, Louisa Ann (née Butler) and Henry William Melton Brown gave birth to British actress June Muriel Brown.

1930: On New York’s Lower East Side, Rabbi Yitzchak Mattisyahu Weinberg and his wife Hinda gave birth to Yisrael Noah Weinberg the Rosh Yeshiva at Aish HaTorah.

1932(8th of Adar I, 5692): Sir Edgar Speyer, 1st Baronet an American-born financier and philanthropist who became a British subject in 1892 and was chairman of Speyer Brothers, the British branch of his family's international finance house, and a partner in the German and American branches passed away today. He was stripped of his honors as a British citizen following a smear campaign that accused him of being pro-German during World War I.

1932: Birthdate of Romanian born and Holocaust survivor Israeli novelist Aharon Appelfeld. http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/appelfeld.html
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/04/obituaries/aharon-appelfeld-dies.html

1932: Birthday of Harry Goz who played Tevye in “Fiddler on the Roof” on Broadway in 1966 and 1967.

1932: In the Bronx homemaker Sarah Greenberg and Samuel Greenberg, “a carpenter who worked as the foreman of shop in Queens that made upscale furniture” gave birth to Arnold Greenberg, the founder of the law firm of Greenberg and Tuchman who the Completer Traveler, a truly unique bookstore.
https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/01/nyregion/arnold-greenberg-whose-manhattan-bookstore-fostered-wanderlust-dies-at-83.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=1

1932: The New York Times said of Benjamin Cardozo's appointment to the Supreme Court that "seldom, if ever, in the history of the Court has an appointment been so universally commended"

1932: It was reported today that before nominating Justice Cardoza, President Hoover “conferred with Senator Watson of Indiana, the Republican floor leader in the Senate who predicted a unanimous confirmation” Senator Borah of Idaho responded by saying that if there were two Virginians on the court and John Marshall was a candidate for the vacancy, I don’t think there would be any hesitation to confirm him.”

1932: It was reported today that when objection was raised to the nomination of Justice Cardoza because he would make the third New Yorker on the High Court (the other two being Justices Hughes and Stone)

1934: Sixty-five year old Charles Pearce Coady, a Democrat who served as a Congressman from Maryland’s Third District and was one of the opening speakers at the 13th annual convention of the Order of Brith Shalom in Baltimore passed away today.

1934: The Austrian Civil War, also known as the February Uprising which had begun on February 12 came to an end today. When the dust settled, the Socialists were in disarray and/or in exile while the right combined to form what their enemies called Austrofascism which did not share the anti-Semitism of German fascism.

1934: “The Lost Patrol” a talkie version of the British silent film with music by Max Steiner was released in the United States today.

1934: “The Knife of the Party” a comedy starring Shemp Howard and filmed by cinematographer Joseph Ruttenberg was released in the United States today.

1935: Birthdate of Barbara Myerhoff, acclaimed anthropologist and documentary filmmaker.

1935: Birthdate of Gilbert de Botton, the financier who invented the open architecture model of asset management. A native of Alexandria Egypt, he was a descendant of a distinguished Sephardic family whose ancestors included Abraham de Boton.  His mother was Yolande Harmer, a Zionist who was imprisoned by the Egyptians on charges of spying for Israel. (As reported by The Telegraph)

1936: In honor of her 75th birthday, Henrietta Szold, American Zionist leader will be honored today by the Jews of Palestine with the title of “freewoman” which makes her an honorary citizen of Tel Aviv The title is the feminine form of “freeman” that has been confirmed on such leaders as the Earl of Balfour and former British Prime Minister David Lloyd George.  The Jewish community is also collecting funds for a social welfare project to be named for Miss Szold.

1936: It was reported today that “Chancellor Hitler’s power and popularity are unchallenged at present and the Germans are becoming so used to National Socialism and all it implies that, according to the latest witticism, this year’s party congress will be held not under slogans like ‘Triumph of Will,’ or ‘Victory of Faith,’ but ‘Force of Habit.’”

1936: Birthdate of Jerusalem native Eliahu Inbal the Israeli conductor.

1936: In Beirut, Lebanon, Shneor Cheshin, who would become a Justice on the Israeli Supreme court and Ruth Chehsin, “the founding president of the Jerusalem gave birth to Michael Cheshin who served as a justice on the Supreme Court of Israel from 1992 to 2006.

1936: It was reported today that “during 1935 more than 61,000 Jews entered Palestine” and that “if normal conditions should prevail the Jewish National Home could receive at least another 500,000 Jews within the next ten years.”

1936: “Charging that Great Britain is failing to carry out the spirit of the Balfour Declaration creating a Jewish homeland in Palestine, Rabbi Meyer Berlin, its honorary world president, told the opening session of the Mizrachi Zionist Organization of America today that appeals would be taken to the League of Nations, the United States and to the ‘cultural world’ to show the injustice being done to Jews.”

1936: Funeral services are scheduled to be held today at Riverside Chape for forty-four year old Charles David Isaacson, the “writer on music, director of thousands of free concerts in the metropolitan New York Area, former opera impresario and radio director” who died yesterday in Bellevue Hospital.

1937: In Bucharest, in another example of nationalist lawyers keeping Jewish lawyers from entering the Palace of Justice, “Jewish lawyers attending Court 8 in the course of their duties were seized by nationalist colleagues and violently ejected” today.

1938(14thof Adar I, 5698) Purim Katan

1938(14thof Adar I, 5698): Thirty-one year old Lev Lvovich
Sedov, the son of Leon Trotsky, died under mysterious circumstances today in Paris.
http://spartacus-educational.com/Lev_Sedov.htm

1938: “Benito Mussolini issues an official declaration that there is no ‘Jewish Problem’ in Italy and the Fascist government isn't considering any special anti-Semitic measures. This will change in July, 1938, when Jews are stripped of their Italian citizenship and banned from many professions.”

1938: I.J. Singer, the author, is scheduled to address a membership tea being held by the Women’s American Ort as part of their drive to increase membership to better aid the suffering Jews of Central and Eastern Europe.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that two Jews were wounded when Arabs fired at a Jewish bus which was on its way to the Kastel quarries. Over a dozen of shooting incidents and attempts to sever communications were reported from all over the country.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that the total number of Jewish immigrants in 1937 was 12,475, compared to 31,671 a year earlier. Of these, 3,648 immigrants came from Poland, 3,601 from Germany and the rest from other countries. This painful and unjustified reduction was directly attributed to the new British and Palestine governments' immigration policy.

1938: Abraham Pais was awarded two Bachelor of Science degrees in physics and mathematics, with minors in chemistry and astronomy. [Pais was the Dutch born Physicist who survived the Holocaust and came to America to pursue his career. The Abraham Pais Prize for the History of Physics attests to the esteem in which he was held by his colleagues.]

1939: In London, “the British suggestions for a substitute for the independent state demanded by the Arab’s was presented at today’s meeting between the British and Arab delegates at the Palestine conference.”

1943: The White Rose, an anti-Nazi group posted a sign in Munich, Germany, reading “Out with Hitler!  Long live freedom!”  The members of White Rose were not Jewish, but they were a courageous group that did what it could to oppose Hitler.  Many of its members were caught and beheaded, a favorite form of death among the Nazis.

1944(22nd of Shevat, 5704): Rabbi Gabriel Shusterman, author of Ben Moshe Yedaber passed away

1944(22nd of Shevat, 5704): Danish writer and director Henri Nathansen passed away. Born in 1868, he gave up his legal career to become an author and theatrical director. His Jewish background provided a major theme for some of his efforts.  “His best known work, ‘Inside the Walls,’ premiered in 1912 and centers around a wealthy, loving, but conservative Jewish family whose only daughter breaks away from tradition by attending lectures at the university and secretly becoming engaged to her teacher, a gentile.”  His 1932 novel Mendel Philipsen and Son, features “a Jewish woman who falls in love with a gentile painter but instead enters into a loveless marriage with her Jewish cousin…” In 1929, he wrote a biography of fellow Danish Jew, Georg Brandes. In October 1943, when the Nazis attempted to round up the Danish Jews, Nathansen fled to Sweden just four months before his death.

1944: “Passage to Marseille” an off-beat war movie directed by Michael Curtiz, produced by Hal B. Wallis, featuring George Tobias, Vladimir Sokoloff and Peter Lorre and with music by Max Steiner was released today in the United States.

1945: “The premiere performance of” “Concerto for Trombone” by Nathaniel Shilkret with the famed Tommy Dorsey as the soloist “was broadcast over WNYC” today.

1947: Famed violinist Isaac Stern joins Jack Benny in a laughed filled appearance on the Jack Benny Program.

1947: Two months after premiering in New York City“The Bishop’s Wife” a romantic comedy directed by Henry Koster, produced by Samuel Goldwyn, with a script co-authored by Bill Wilder was released in the rest of the United States.

1947: Morton Gould's 3rd Symphony premiered.  In 1995 Gould won the Pulitzer Prize for “Stringfellow.”

1948: The Arabs began their first organized attack, on Tirat Tzvi.  Tirat Tzvi (Zevi's Castle) was a Kibbutz founded in 1937 near the Jordanian border. It was named in memory of Rabbi Zevi Hirsh Klaischer who urged his fellow Jews to form a national movement following the failed revolutions of 1848 in Europe.  In 1862, he published a book combining the themes of agriculture and spiritual re-awakening in what was then called Palestine.  He had hoped to move to Mikveh Israel but at the age of eighty felt himself too old and he died in Germany, one of the first religious champions of what was to become the Zionist dream.  The attack in 1948 took place between the vote to partition Palestine and the actual British departure from the Mandate Territory.  In other words, Arab military forces were on the attack determined to wipe out as many of the Jewish kibbutzim as possible thus destroying the Jewish state before it was even born.  The attack on Tirat Tzvi failed thanks to the bravery of the outnumbered defenders.

1948: The U.N. Palestine Commission which “was never permitted by the Arabs or the British to go to Palestine to implement the” U.N.’s resolution partitioning Palestine “reported to the Security Council” today that “Powerful Arab interests, both inside and outside Palestine, are defying the resolution of the General Assembly and are engaged in a deliberation effort to alter by force the settlement envisaged therein.”

1948: Two months after its premiere in New York City, “The Bishops Wife” the movie version of Robert Nathan’s novel by the same name directed by Henry Koster and produced by Samuel Goldwyn was released in the rest of the United States today.

1949: In Manhattan, Seymour and Anne Kornblum gave birth to Allan Mark Kornblum “whose love for poetry and printing led him to start Coffee House Press, an independent publisher widely respected for finding and nurturing new authors.” (As reported by William Yardley)
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/27/business/media/allan-kornblum-independent-publisher-dies-at-65-.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=1

1950: “If I Knew You Were Coming’ I’d’ve Baked a Cake” a popular song written by Al Hoffman was recorded today by Coral Records.

1951: “Vengeance Valley” the movie version of the cowboy novel by the same name with a screenplay by Irving Ravetch (the son of a New Jersey rabbi) was release in the United States today.

1952: Thirty-one year old “Henry Laskau won the one-mile walk at the AAU indoor track championships in New York City. (As reported by Bob Wechsler)

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that from the establishment of the state in May 1948 to the end of 1952, 707,576 immigrants arrived, including 124,225 from Iraq, 121,536 from Romania, 106,727 from Poland, 62,565 from North Africa and 48,447 from Yemen and Aden. The immigrants hailed from 69 countries.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that Israel had sent anti-typhoid vaccine to flood victims in Holland.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that forty prominent American senators prepared a program of action to stop the excesses of the anti-Semitic propagandists in the Soviet Union and its satellite nations.

1961: In London, world premiere of “Jungle Fighters” produced by Michael Balcon, with a screenplay by Wolf Mankowitz, music by Stanley Black and starring Laurence Harvey

1963:The first of the articles that, in expanded form, would become Eichmann in Jerusalem, Hannah Arendt's most controversial work, was published in The New Yorker
https://jwa.org/thisweek/feb/16/1963/hannah-arendt

1964: Larry Blyden began playing the role of “Doc” in the Broadway production of “Foxy.”

1965: “After six previews, the Broadway production” of the musical “Baker Street” with lyrics by Sheldon Harnick and music by Jerry Bock, directed by Hal Prince and co-starring Martin Gabel “opened at The Broadway Theatre where it ran for nine months.

1966: Twelve days after premiering, “The Ugly Dachshund” a Disney comedy starring Suzanne Pleshette was released in the rest of the United States today.

1967: The original West End production of “Fiddler on the Roof” opened on at Her Majesty's Theatre and played for 2,030 performances. It starred Chaim Topol, as Tevye and Miriam Karlin as Golde.

1972(1stof Adar, 5732): Rosh Chodesh Adar

1972(1stof Adar, 5732: Sixty-two year old Austrian native Mac Kinsbrunner, the son of Nettie and David Kinsbuner and husband of Florence Kinsbruner who was a star athlete at St. John’s Universirty passed away today in New York
http://www.nytimes.com/1972/02/18/archives/mac-kinsbruner-star-athlete-at-st-johns-in-1930s-dead.html

1973(14thof Adar I, 5733): In the first year of President Nixon’s second term, Jews observe Purim Katan.

1974(24th of Shevat, 5734): German born, Harvard educated philosopher Horace Kallen passed away.
http://collections.americanjewisharchives.org/ms/ms0001/ms0001.html

1977: “The Princess Who Is Everywhere” published today provides a sketch of Diane von Furstenberg who has expanded from fashion guru to author.
http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=9E0CE1DA163EE23BA15755C1A9649C946690D6CF

1978: The Jerusalem Post reported that two persons were killed and 46 injured when an Arab threw a bomb at a bus passing through Rehov Tzefania in Jerusalem.

1978: The Jerusalem Post reported that in Washington the US Administration threatened to withdraw its request for the sale of advanced F-15 and F-16 fighter planes to Israel if Congress blocked the sale of F-15s to Saudi Arabia and F-5Es to Egypt.

1985: The founding of Hezbollah, another Arab/Moslem terror group dedicated, in part, to the destruction of the state of Israel. 

1986(7thof Adar I. 5746): Actor Howard Da Silva passed away at the age of 76.  Da Silva had a long career as a character actor.  His work in Hollywood was temporarily interrupted because he was named to the Hollywood Blacklist.

1987:Following the refusenik protests, Iosif Begun's release from prison was announced today, by Georgy Arbatov, a member of the Central Committee, in a Face the Nation interview on CBS.”

1987: The Demjanjuk trial opened in Jerusalem. Ivan Demjanjuk, a former Ukrainian SS volunteer, was accused of overseeing the gas chambers in Treblinka. His cruelty had earned him the name "Ivan the Terrible." Demjanjuk was extradited to Israel in 1986, was found guilty and condemned to death. The verdict was appealed to the Israeli Supreme Court. After 3 years of deliberation they ruled that there wasn't enough sufficient proof that Demjanjuk and Ivan the Terrible were one and the same person. This was mainly due to the lack of first person witnesses and the length of time that had elapsed made definite identification impossible. In September 1993 he was released and returned to the United States.  He was later stripped of his citizenship for falsifying his documents when he entered the United States.

1988: Refuseniks met with the British Foreign Minister today.

1989: Larry Bloch opened “Eco-Saloon,” in a former Chinese-food warehouse just south of the Holland Tunnel some of the profits which were used to fund a not-for-profit Center for Social and Environmental Justice.

1990: Elyakim Rubenstein, the Cabinet secretary, called Ariel Sharon here at his ranch today, just to be sure he was serious about his intention to resign.

1991: After 73 performances the curtain came down on the “Off-Broadway” production of Stephen Sondheim’s “Assassins.”

1991: At Shabbat synagogue services, congregants were mindful of the deaths of Iraqi civilians, but they were also reminded that Israel had been subjected to indiscriminate Iraqi missile attacks for more than a month and that fighting was the price of peace. Worshippers at the Stephen Wise Free Synagogue on the Upper West Side of Manhattan expressed regret over the killing of Iraqi civilians and said they were disturbed by the television images of broken bodies. But most said their support for the war was undimmed. "War is a terrible thing," said Billy Sussis. But he added that the deaths of the civilians had not shaken his support for the allied effort. "If you're going to fight a war, terrible things like this are going to happen." Rabbi Helene Ferris, however, expressed hope that the incident would "wake up the world's conscience" and disrupt wide impressions of a bloodless conflict. "War is about killing," she declared. "It's about mothers bleeding, fathers bleeding. If we lose sight of that, we may stop trying to find a better way." At the Forest Hills Jewish Center in Queens, Rabbi Gerald C. Skolnik, just back from a visit to Israel, gave his congregation graphic impressions of life in a war zone: an old woman standing beside the ruins of her home in Tel Aviv, an infant in a gas-mask crib, wailing sirens in the night, the sight of his own parents donning gas masks and the vibration of windows as the missiles exploded nearby. "It's not just that the air raids are terrifying, though certainly they are," Rabbi Skolnik said. "It's more that the entire rhythm of the country has been thrown out of kilter."

1992: An Israeli helicopter strike killed the Secretary-General of Hezbollah, Abbas al-Musawi.  According to western officials, al-Musawi was responsible for numerous terrorist attacks including the 1983 terror attack in Beirut that killed 300 U.S. and French soldiers.  Musawi may be dead, but Hezbollah and its murderous ways live on.

1995(17thof Adar I, 5755): Eighty-six year old Omaha, Nebraska native Elmer Greenberg an all-star offensive lineman for the University of Nebraska passed away today.
http://dataomaha.com/huskers/player/4131/elmer-greenberg

1996: Youssef Majed al-Molqi who had been sentenced to 30 years for murdering 69 year old wheelchair bound Leon Klinghoffer “left the Rebibbia prison in Rome today, on a 12-day furlough and fled to Spain.

1997: The first Conference on Feminism and Orthodoxy opens in New York City leadingto the founding of the Jewish Orthodox Feminist Alliance

1997: The New York Times includes a review of The Boy Who Went Away, “Eli Gottlieb’s touching coming-of-age novel…”

1998: The funeral of Abraham Bloch, a graduate of Yeshiva Yitzchak Elchanan who served as the Rabbi of Congregation Petach Tikvah, is scheduled to take place in Brooklyn, NY today.

1998(20th of Shevat, 5758):  Martha Gellhorn, whose father was Jewish, passed away at the age of 89.  Gellhorn gained fame for her reporting during the Spanish Civil War and as one of the many wives of Ernest Hemingway.

1999 (30thof Shevat, 5759): Rosh Chodesh Adar

1999: Today, the police “questioned for 11 hours Avigdor Ben Gal, a former army general who testified in an unsuccessful libel trial Ariel Sharon had brought against Ha’aretz.

1999: The United States Third Court of Appeals ruled on the constitutionality of holiday displays in ACLU versus Schundler.

2000: In an address before the Knesset, German President Johannes Rau asked forgiveness for Germany’s murderous treatment of Europe’s Jews during World War II.

2000: U.S. premiere of “Hanging Up” written by Delia Ephron and Nora Ephron, who also co-produced the comedy which co-starred Lisa Kudrow and Walter Matthau “in his final film appearance.

2001: “Sweet November” produced by Elliot Kastner and Erwin Stoff and featuring Jason Isaacs and Michael Rosenbaum was released in the United States today.

2002(4thof Adar, 5762): Three teenagers from Ginot Shomron – Rachel Thaler, Keren Shatsky and Nehemia Amar – were murdered by terrorist from the PFLP in front of a pizza parlor at the Karnei Shomron Mall on a Saturday night.

2003: Haifa native Uri Lupolianski began serving as Mayor of Jerusalem.

2003: “The Unsettlers” published today provides one version of life for Jews living near Nablus.
http://www.nytimes.com/2003/02/16/magazine/the-unsettlers.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm

2005: By a vote of 59 to 40 with 5 abstentions, the Knesset “finalized and approved” Sharon’s plan for withdrawal from Gaza after having rejected “a proposed amendment to submit the plan to a referendum.”

2005: Allen Weinstein began serving as Archivist of the United States.

2006: Britain's most senior Jewish leader has condemned the Church of England for voting this month to review its investments in companies whose products are used by Israel in the occupied territories. Chief Rabbi Jonathan Sacks said the Anglican vote on whether to pull money from "companies profiting from the illegal occupation" was ill-judged and would inflame relations between the two religions. At a meeting of the Anglican Church’s  governing body, Archbishop of Canterbury Rowan Williams, spiritual head of the world's 77 million Anglicans, sparked anger by supporting the vote. The vote angered many within the Anglican Church and drew criticism from Jewish groups around the world. Williams' predecessor as Archbishop of Canterbury, George Carey, said the vote made him "ashamed to be an Anglican." In a letter to the Times newspaper, Carey said it was a "one-eyed strategy to rebuke one side and forget the traumas of ordinary Israelis who live in fear of suicide bombers and those whose policy it is to destroy all Jews.”

2006: A revival of Neil Simon’s “Barefoot in the Park” opened at the Cort Theatre

2007: Sheik Raed Salah, the head of the Islamic Movement’s northern branch gave a sermon in Jersualem’s Wadi Joz neighborhood in which he “urged supporters to start a third intifada in order to save Al-Aksa Mosque, free Jerusalem and end the end occupation.”  Salah, who denies any Jewish historical claim to Jerusalem or the existence of a Jewish temple on the Temple Mount included these words, “We are not those who ate bread dipped in children’s blood.”  (The Blood Libel is alive and well.)

2007: The Sabbath Queen gets a royal welcome at Temple Judah in Cedar Rapids, Iowa as Rick Recht returns with “Shabbat Alive” Part II. 2007(28th of Shevat, 5767): Mordkhe Schaechter, a leading Yiddish linguist who spent a lifetime studying, standardizing and teaching the language passed away at the age of 79. As reported by Wolfgang Saxon)http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/16/obituaries/16schaechter.html

2008: The Jerusalem Cinematheque features a showing of the internationally acclaimed “The Band’s Visit” 

2008:Owing to high U.S. digital sales, "New Soul", a song by the French-Israeli R&B/soul singer Yael Naïm ,debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 for the chart week starting today at No. 9, becoming Naïm's first U.S. top ten single, and making her the first Israeli solo artist to ever have a top ten hit in the United States.

2009: In New Orleans, “The Expanse of Russia in Israel,” an international conference sponsored by Tulane University’s Jewish Studies Program under the Chairmanship of Dr. Brian Horowitz, enters its second day.  “The conference is devoted to a long-awaited investigation of Zionism and the influence of secular Russian culture on Israeli life.”

2009:France's top judicial body formally recognized the nation's role in deporting Jews to Nazi death camps during the Holocaust - but effectively ruled out any more reparations for the deportees or their families..

2009:  Wilm Hosenfeld, the German officer made famous in Roman Polanski's 2002 film The Pianist for sheltering two Jews who escaped from the Nazis during the Holocaust has been posthumously recognized as Righteous Among the Nations by Yad Vashem, Israel's Holocaust Memorial.

 2010: Yeshiva University Museum, Center for Jewish History, University of Pennsylvania in cooperation with Centro Primo Levi are scheduled to present “Between Sacred and Profane: Jews and the Modern City: Three Snapshots” part of “a series of talks by fellows at the Herbert D. Katz Center for Advanced Judaic Studies (U of Penn) who are engaged in a critical analysis of the notions of the "secular" and "religious" as they affect all aspects of Jewish life over the past three centuries.

2010: Israel will erect a memorial commemorating the Red Army’s crucial role in the victory over the Nazis, Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu told Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin at a photo opportunity before their meeting today.

2010: Four hundred cadets graduated from the IDF Infantry Officers Training Course today and will be awarded the rank of second lieutenant. 7% of them are young women, 25% are religious, 5% are from kibbutzim, 61% are from cities. For the first time, three of the infantry officer graduates are women who completed the grueling combat course. The highest number of awards for excellence went to the Golani Brigade.

2011: “Jewish Life in Mr. Lincoln’s City,” a lecture by Laura Cohen Apelbaum the Executive Director of the Jewish Historical Society of Greater Washington,  is scheduled to take place at Adas Israel in Washington, D.C.

2011: “Precious Life,” an “acclaimed documentary that explores the paradoxes of a Palestinian infant being treated for a rare immune disorder at an Israeli hospital” during a period when the IDF was fighting to halt rocket attacks from Gaza, is scheduled to be shown at the Atlanta Jewish Film Festival.

2011: The Jewish community of Tunisia filed an official complaint with Tunisian Interior Minister Fahrat Rajhi after several of its members were harassed by protesters outside a synagogue in the capital, Tunis.

2011: Human rights lawyers are attempting to challenge a government decision designating the planned city of Harish as a haredi-only town.

2011: The Iron Dome missile intercept system will be declared operational within a number of weeks, after the Israel Air Force – who will be responsible for operating the system – conducted successful test-runs for the first time yesterday and today.

2011(11th of Adar I, 5771): Len Lesser, a veteran character actor best known for his recurring role in the 1990s as Uncle Leo on the hit NBC-TV comedy "Seinfeld," passed away today at the age of 88 8n Burbank, CA ( As reported by Bruce Weber)
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/18/arts/television/18lesser.html?_r=1&scp=1&sq=Len+Lesser&st=nyt

2011: Today in celebration of Black History month Knicks legend and Assistant General Manager Allan Houston received the 2011 Martin Luther King Jr. Award in front of players and fans at Madison Square Garden. Mr. Houston received the award from Ido Aharoni, Acting Consul General of Israel in New York, in honor of his efforts in spreading compassion and uniting communities of all backgrounds. The Martin Luther King Jr. Award has been presented by the Consulate General of Israel in New York for the past 20 years to individuals and organizations promoting ethnic and cultural understanding. This annual tribute to the late Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. honors the dream of peaceful coexistence between people of diverse religions, cultures, and ethnicities. To commemorate this great visionary, each year the State of Israel, together with the Jewish National Fund and the Jewish Community Relations Council of New York, honor those whose work keeps alive Dr. King’s legacy of hope and peace.

2012: “Ahead of Time: The Extraordinary Journey of Ruth Gruber” is scheduled to be shown at the Conservative Synagogue Adath Israel of Riverdale in New York.

2012: Yasmin Levy is scheduled to weave her Ladino musical magic at Pace University’s Michael Schimmel Center for the Arts

2012: Mossad chief Tamir Pardo visited New Delhi just days before an attack on Israeli officials in the Indian capital this week, Indian media reported today, highlighting the extent to which Israeli intelligence was in the dark regarding possibility of a terror attack taking place in the country.

2012: Today, the Foreign Ministry issued a travel warning for Israelis in Thailand. The warning said that in the wake of the attacks on Israelis in India and Georgia earlier this week, Israelis should “act with caution” when traveling in Thailand. Similar warnings were released Thursday for travelers to Italy, Norway, and Taiwan. 

2012(23rdof Shevat, 5772): At the age of 101, Ethel Stark who in 1940 established the Montreal Women’s Symphony Orchestra, the first all-female Canadian symphony orchestra which first performed “on the top of Mont Royal” and was “the first Canadian orchestra to play at Carnegie Hall” passed away today.
http://www.jewishpubliclibrary.org/blog/?p=1630

2012: Yair Lapid warned today that Israel might "bring on its own demise" and demanded a change in the system of government.

2013: Cirque du Purim, the YLD”s annual Purim Party is scheduled to take place in Irvine, CA this evening.

2013: “Off White Lies” is scheduled to be shown at the Denver Jewish Film Festival

2013: The IDF evacuated seven Syrian nationals injured in Syria's civil war to the Ziv Medical Center in Safed today. An army spokeswoman said the men had arrived with injuries at the Syrian - Israeli border fence, and received first aid from IDF soldiers on the scene. They were then rushed to hospital for medical care. One of the Syrians suffered serious injuries, four were moderately injured and two suffered light injuries.

2013: The incarceration of “Prisoner X”, the high-security prisoner who committed suicide in Ayalon Prison in 2010, was made necessary by Israel’s “unique” security situation, Vice Premier and Strategic Affairs Minister Moshe Ya’alon said today

2013: The Justice Ministry is mulling the release of the file concerning the death of Ben Zygier, who committed suicide in prison two years ago, Israeli media reported tonight.

2014: B’nai B’rith Unit # 182 is scheduled to continue a 35-year-long tradition this morning, bringing music and Mardi Gras throws to patients at Touro Infirmary and the residents of Malta Park assisted living facility.

2014: Merna Lyn, author of The Ten Second Diet is scheduled to speak at Congregation Beth Israel in Metairie. LA (As reported by Alan Samson in the Crescent City Jewish News)

2014: In White Plains, NY, “Focus on the Family” sponsored by Frum Divorce is scheduled to come to an end.

2014: The 24thannual Jewish Film Festival in San Diego is scheduled to come to a close.

2014: “Ruth Gruber: Photojournalist,” an exhibition that “celebrates the remarkable life of this photojournalist” is scheduled to open at the Illinois Holocaust Museum & Education Center.

2014: “Israeli rights groups asked the High Court of Justice today to overturn a law that bans Israelis from calling for a boycott of Jewish settlements in the West Bank.”

2014: A memorial service is scheduled to be held today for “Mary Gordon, devoted wife of author Max Shulman for 24 years who passed away at the age of 95 on January, 22, 2014.

2014: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Mad As Hell: The Making of “Network” and the Fateful Vision of the Angriest Man in Movies by Dave Itzkoff, Arik: The Life of Ariel Sharon by David Landau, Abraham Joshua Heschel: The Call of Transcendence by Shai Held and Our Mathematical Universe by Max Tegmark, the son of Professor Harold S. Shapiro.

2014: “After blast ripped through tourist bus – killing four – Israeli rescue forces lined up along border crossing in bid to aid rescue operations, transfer wounded to Israeli hospitals – but Egypt refused.” (As reported by Roi Kais)

2015: Ukrainian born Israeli violinist Vadim Gluzman is scheduled to perform with the Jupiter Symphony Chamber Players.

2015(27thof Shevat, 5775): Sixty-eight year old singer Lesley Gore (Lesley Sue Goldstein) passed away today.
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/17/arts/music/lesley-gore-teenage-voice-of-heartbreak-dies-at-68.html?_r=0

2015(27thof Shevat, 5775): Fifty-four year old Pensioner Affairs Minster Uri Orbach passed away today.
http://www.timesofisrael.com/ex-jewish-home-minister-uri-orbach-dies-at-54/

2015: “French prosecutors said” today “they had taken five teenagers into custody suspected of vandalizing hundreds of Jewish graves” “at the Jewish cemetery of Sarre-Union in northeastern France.”

2015: At the Jewish Museum Of London is scheduled to host a talk by curator Elizabeth Selby on the exhibition “For Richer For Poorer: Weddings Unveiled.”

2015: “Tens of thousands of Danes gathered for a torch-lit vigil in central Copenhagen” this evening “to commemorate the victims of two weekend shootings that have shocked the nation and heightened fears of a new surge in anti-Semitic violence.”

2015: Bar-Illan Professor Tova Cohen is scheduled to deliver a lecture on “How Has the Changing Role of Women In Israel Affected Jewish Orthodox Society?” was FIU.

2016” The American Jewish Historical Society and the American Sephardi Federation are scheduled to host a screening of “Flory’s Flame” – a “one-hour documentary about the life and music of renowned 90-year old Sephardic composer and performer Flory Jagoda.
2016: The Temple Emanu-El Skirball Center, America-Israel Cultural Foundation and Golden Land Concerts & Connections are scheduled to present a concert by Israeli singer/song writer Noa (Achinoam Nini) and her “longtime collaborator/virtuoso guitarist Gil Dor.


2017: The Oxford JSOC hosted its “Pub Crawl” which began at the Turf Tavern.

2017: “Beer Sheva” hosted “Besiktas of Turkey in a first-leg match in the Eruopa League’s Round of 32.”

2017: Following yesterday’s declaration by President “that he was ‘looking at two-state and one-state’ formulas for resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict” today “Israelis and Palestinians were feverishly debating what might come next” especially since they were “still confused about American policy after Mr. Trump’s ambassador to the United Nations, Nikki R. Haley, reasserted that the administration “absolutely” supported two states.” (As reported by Isabel Kershner)

2017:  “Winter weather swept across” Israel today “ as a storm system” that has been “lashing” Israel for the last two days, “reached its peak, dumping snow on northern Israel and freezing rain in Jerusalem.”

2017: David Friedman, President Trump’s nominee for U.S. Ambassador to Israel is scheduled to apologize for “derogatory remarks he made about liberal Jews” including calling them “worse than Kapos” during his confirmation hearings today. (Editor’s note – apparently his mornings prayers do not begin with injunction “I hereby accept upon myself the positive commandment to love my fellow Jew.)

2017: Professor Steve Feller is scheduled to lead the Coe College Thursday Forum in “The Conflicted Jewish World of Chaim Potok” – an examination of the conflicts within Judaism mirrored in the author’s novels.

2017:  The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to host Rina Wolfson speaking on “From the Family to the House of Learning” in which she examines “how Biblical and Rabbinic texts deal with a student's shift from the family home to the house of learning.”

2017: “The Wounded Land” and “The Mezuzah” are scheduled to be shown at the San Diego Jewish Film Festival.

2017: The Temple Emanu-El Streicker Center is scheduled to present “Astrologers, Spies, Merchants and Travelers” which examines the “crucial roles” the Jews played “in Italian courtly life.”

2018: Following Shabbat Dinner, the Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to elections for President and Vice President to serve during Trinity Term.

2018(1stof Adar, 5778): Rosh Chodesh Adar – Second Day; for more see http://downhomedavartorah.blogspot.com/

 

 

 

This Day, February 17, In Jewish History by Mitchell A. Levin

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February 17

1411: Musa Celebi became Sultan of the Ottoman Empire. During his reign the small Jewish community of Manisa grew in size and wealth after it had been conquered by the Ottomans.

1525(24th of Adar): Rabbi Isaac Eizik Margoliot author of Seder Gitten ve-Halizahpassed away.

1537: “Pope Paul III” issued “a call for a general council to deal with the Reformation.” This is the same pontiff who issued “Licet Judaei” a bull that spoke against the blood libel.

1609: Fifty-nine year old Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany who “enacted an edict of tolerance for Jews and who issued an invitation to Jewish merchants asking them to settle in Livorno and Pisa passed away today.

1634: After a year’s imprisonment in the Tower of London, the Puritan leader who was an outspoken opponent of re-admitting Jews to England, “was sentenced today to be imprisoned during life, to be fined £5,000, to be expelled from Lincoln's Inn, to be deprived of his degree by the university of Oxford, and to lose both his ears in the pillory” for his attacks on dramatic performances and King Charles I.

1732: Birthdate of English dramatist Richard Cumberland who “The Jew” a comedy about a Jewish moneylender that was first produced at London’s Drury Lane Theatre in May of 1794.  Unlike earlier English portrayals of Jewish moneylenders, in this case, Sheva the moneylender is the benevolent hero.

1772:  First partition of Poland by Russia, Prussia and Austria.  The multi-parted partition of Poland would mean the demise of the Polish nation until after World War I.  Much to the disappointment of the Russians, they acquired a large Jewish population as a result of the partition; a Jewish population that the Russians did not want.

1776(27thof Shevat, 5536): The first volume of Edward Gibbon’s Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire was published today.

From the reign of Nero to that of Antoninus Pius, the Jews discovered a fierce impatience of the dominion of Rome, which repeatedly broke out in the most furious massacres and insurrections. Humanity is shocked at the recital of the horrid cruelties which they committed in the cities of Egypt, of Cyprus, and of Cyrene, where they dwelt in treacherous friendship with the unsuspecting natives, and we are tempted to applaud the severe retaliation which was exercised by the arms of the legions against a race of fanatics whose dire and credulous superstition seemed to render them the implacable enemies not only of the Roman government, but of human kind.

 - Edward Gibbon, Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (1776)

 1785: Birthdate of Nachman Kohen Krochmal, the native of Brody who interrupted his studies to become a business man who wrote Moreh Nebuke ha-Zeman

1801: An electoral tie between Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr is resolved when Jefferson is elected President of the United States and Burr Vice President by the United States House of Representatives. Thomas Jefferson was the first President to appoint a Jew to a Federal post. In 1801 he named Reuben Etting of Baltimore as U.S. Marshall for Maryland.  More importantly from a Jewish perspective was the fact that Jefferson was a strong defender of the concept of separation of church and state.

1809: Miami University is chartered by the State of Ohio. According to recent figures a thousand of the school’s 15,000 undergrads are Jewish and 100 of its 1,000 grad students are Jewish.  The school offers approximately 20 Jewish Studies courses and a Major in Jewish Studies. The school hosts a robust Hillel Chapter offering a wide variety of programs including a weekly Friday night Shabbat services and dinner.

1819: Birthdate of historian Philip Jaffe who overcame German anti-Semitism to “one of the most important medievalists of the 19th century.”

1828: Moshe Simeon ben Joseph married Bluma bat Jacob today at the Western Synagogue

1829: In Paris James Mayer de Rothschild and Betty Salomon von Rothschild gave birth to their second son Gustave Samuel de Rothschild, Baron de Rothschild, the “consul-general for Austria-Hungary, director of the Chemin de Fer du Nord and the Paris-Lyons and Mediterranean Railway; member of the board of directors of the Rothschild Hospital and Hospice and president of the Jewish Consistory of Paris

1830: Israel Phillips married Maria Sampson today at the Western Synaogue.

1830: David D. Cohen married Mary Hart, “the eldest daughter of Nathan Hart” in Charleston, SC, today.

1846: Birthdate of Bestland, VA native Solomon W. Fleishman, the operator of mercantile businesses in Danville and Richmond who passed away in December of 1916 leaving large bequests to several organizations including Hebrew Union College, the Ladies’ Hebrew Benevolent Society, the Home for Confederate Women and the Hebrew Home for Aged and Infirm.

1847: In Frankfurt, Charlotte Rothschild and Anselm von Rothschild the manager of “the family-owned S M von Rothschild bank” in Vienna gave birth to their “eighth and youngest child” Alice Charlotte von Rothschild
https://trc-leiden.nl/trc-needles/people-and-functions/collectors/rothschild-alice-charlotte-von-1847-1922

1847: Israel Coleman married Julia Cohen at the Great Synagogue today.

1850: Yehuda ben Aharon married Ryna bat Mikal at the Great Synagogue today.

1852(27th of Shevat, 5612): Five days before his 40th birthday, Hebrew Poet Micha Joseph Levenson passed away.

1853: A Hungarian tailor makes an unsuccessful attempt on the life of Emperor Franz Josef.  Jews are erroneously thought to have colluded with Italian dissidents in the attempt.

1856(11thof Adar I, 5616): “English tenor and composer John Braham” who received his earliest musical training in the Great Synagogue where his father Abraham was a chorister” and who “in 181t collaborated with Isaac Nathan on a work called ‘Hebrew Melodies” for which Lord Byron wrote the text” passed away today.
http://www.cornishwonder.com/page3.htm

1857: Abel Dreyfous, an immigrant from Belfort Alsace and Caroline Kaufman Dreyfous, a native of Bavaria gave birth to Felix Jonathan Dreyfous in New Orleans “at the corner of Florida Walk (then Marigny Canal) and Elysian Fields Street where” they “for a time attempted to operate a soap factory under unfavorable circumstatnces.

1856: Heinrich Heine passed away. The famed poet was born to a Jewish family but converted to Christianity in 1825 seeing it as the only way to fully enter German and European society. Reportedly Heine saw his conversion as matter of practical convenience saying that “As Henry IV said, 'Paris is worth a mass'; I say, 'Berlin is worth the sermon.'"  Heine remained ambivalent about his decision for the rest of his life.  When the Nazis decided to burn books by Jewish authors, they included the works of Heine. Heine has prophetically written, “Where they burn books, they will ultimately also burn people."

1863: Birthdate of British political leader David Lloyd George. Lloyd George was the Prime Minster of Great Britain during the last half of World War I.  His resolve helped to bring victory to the Allies. For Jews, Lloyd George will be remembered as the Prime Minister whose government issued the famous Balfour Declaration.  Unlike some of his wartime contemporaries, Lloyd George remained a loyal supporter to both the letter and the spirit of the Balfour Declaration after the Great War when it was no longer fashionable to keep the promises made to the Jewish people.

1866: A correspondent for the New York Times arrived in Kai-fun-fee, the capital of Honan where he has gone in search of the remnants of an ancient community of Chinese Jews.

1866: In New York City Jacob Strauss and Betty Danenbaum gave birth to Carrie Strauss, who as Carrie Taubenhaus, the wife of Rabbi Godfrey Taubenhaus, who served as a trustee of the Ladies’ Auxiliary of the Hebrew Educational Society and was the “first president of Brooklyn Section of the Council of Jewish Women.”

1870: In Milwaukee, WI, Temple Emanu-E which had been formed in 1869 was formally incorporated, making I the city’s second oldest congregation.  E.M.V. Brown was the first Rabbi to serve the congregation.

1871(26thof Shevat, 5631): Sixty-four year old Eleazer (Eugene) Moss, the son of John Moss and Rebecca Lyons and husband of Mary Levy passed away today in Philadelpha.

1871: The victorious Prussian Army parades though Paris after the end of the Siege of Paris during the Franco-Prussian War. Jews fought in the armies of the victorious Prussians and the vanquished French.  More importantly, the humiliating defeat in 1871 led to World War I which in turn led to World War II and the Shoah. 

1872: It was reported today that of the $528,742.47 that New York City gave to sectarian charitable institutions in 1869 and 1870, Hebrew institutions received $14,404.49 as compared to the $412,082.56 that went to Roman Catholic Intuitions.

1874(30thof Shevat, 5634): Rosh Chodesh Adar

1874:  Benjamin Disraeli finished serving as leader of the Loyal Opposition as he prepared to assume the role of Prime Minister following the conclusion of the General Election in which the Conservative Party won a majority of seats in the House of Commons.

1875: Twenty-one year old Sophie Seligman became Sophie Walter when she married Moritz Walter today.

1875: The Israelite General Benevolent Society gave its 9th annual ball at the Turn Hall tonight.  The affair was a fundraiser to raise money for destitute and poor Jewish families.

1877(4thof Adar, 5637): Fifty-six year old German-born Austrian writer Salomon Hermann Mosenthal known for his “opera libretti” passed away today.

1877: In Hungary, Max and Regina Goldstein Englander to Henry Englander who came to the United States in 1879, graduated from the University of Cincinnati and HUC in 1901 who served as rabbi at several congregations staring with Ahavath Sholom Temple in Ligonier, Indiana before pursuing a career in Judaic academia.

1878: “Daniel – The Third Ruler in the Kingdom” published today discusses why Daniel who interpreted the inscription for the Babylonian king was referred to as the “third ruler” when Joseph who interpreted the dream for the Pharaoh was referred to as the “second ruler.”

1878: It was reported today that after four years, the Young Men’s Hebrew Association of New York City has 900 members.

1878: It was reported today that the Gemeindebund ("Union of Judæo-German Congregations") has been reorganized to better protect the Jewish communities in Germany

1878: It was reported today that more than one third of the Jews living in Amsterdam are paupers.  These 13,000 individuals are supported by the Jewish community and the government.  The Congregational Council spent 130,214 florins in 1877 to support a variety of community officials and institutions including a Chief Rabbi, Chief Cantor, free religious schools for 1,800 boys and 600 girls, a rabbinical college, an orphan asylum and a hospital and lunatic asylum “considered the best in the country.”

1879:  In the United States Circuit Court, Judge Wallace and the jury began hearing the case brought by M.L. Hiller, who identified himself as “a Prussian and a Jew” who had become a Universalist had brought against the Burlington and Missouri River Railroad Company of Nebraska for breach of contract.

1880: “Historic Balds,” a comic look at the lack of hair among men through the ages printed today, not that based on the story of Elisha “baldness seems to have been considered a disgrace in remote ages…”  On the other hand, the stories of Samson and Absalom would indicate that flowing locks are not a guarantee of good fortune or divine approval.

1880: After having been charged with arson, Jacob Naftal, a Jewish clothing merchant, went on trial today for his role in starting a fire at Red Bank, NY which destroyed 9 buildings.  The 9 buildings, which included a store owned by the defendant, were in the town’s business district. The trial is expected to last for several days.

1881:  Rabbi E.M. Meyer Rafael of Brooklyn provided his version of the conflict between Raphael Joseffy and Matthew Arbuckle who were supposed to be participating in an upcoming concert to provide funds for his Brooklyn synagogue. According to Meyer, Arbuckle, one of the leading coronet players had agreed to charge a reduced price for his performance and the Joseffy, one of the leading pianists, had agreed to play for free.  However, when Joseffy’s secretary found out the Arbuckle was performing, the secretary said Joseffy would not perform if a coronet was being played.  Joseffy expressed no opinion about Arbuckle.  The objection would have been the same if it had been another coronet player. The dispute could derail this benefit event.

1881: Seventy-four year old German historian Theodor Hirsch who converted to Christianity was the cousin of historian Siegfried Hirsh, passed away today.

1882:  The description of the conditions of the Jews in Kiev and its surrounding area provided by Russian speaking Protestant Englishman who had visited the area were published today. According to him the homes of the Jews had been “completely wrecked…with the…doors and windows…torn from their hinges.  At least 2,000 Jews – men, women and children – were left with nothing but the clothes on their backs. During one 48 hour period of carnage, “numerous defenseless young women were completely at the mercy of the mob…” The authorities did nothing to prevent the violence and expressed sympathy for the attackers. When some of the attackers were put on trial, “the government prosecutor expressed sympathy with the motives” of the attackers. The light sentences showed that the populace supported the attacks and the violence. In some of the small towns outside of Kiev, the soldiers who were ordered to protect the Jews actually joined the rioters.

1882: Hamilton Disston wrote a letter from Jacksonville, FL to Mayor King of Philadelphia offering a free 40 acre tract of land owned by Okeechobee Land and Improvement Company of Florida to each of the 50 Jewish families fleeing Russian persecution that are on a boat bound for the City of Brotherly Love.

1882: It was reported today that at Kiev, Odessa, Elizabethgrad and other Russian cities “more than 250 women were outraged by Jewbaiters during the disturbances [“Outraged” is a euphemism for rape and “disturbances is a euphemism for Pogrom.]

1882: It was reported today that petroleum was poured on a Jew’s head in Odessa and that he was then set on fire.

1882: It was reported that at Kiev, General Dreutlen refused to protect the Jews because it was not worth risking the lives of his soldiers to do so.

1882: It was reported today that F.D. Moccatta has contributed £ 1,000 to the relief fund for the Jews of Russia.  He has also to contribute 1 per cent of any sum collected within the next two years in an amount not to exceed £ 1,000,000. [F.D. Moccatta is Frederick David Mocatta]

1888:  Birthdate of Otto Stern, 1943 winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics.

1889: Birthdate of Canadian native mezzo-soprano Irene Pavloska
https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1962/02/14/107174368.pdf
http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/irene-pavloska-emc/

1890: It was reported that the funds raised by the concert and reception hosted by the Seligman Solomon Society would go to the Seligman Solomon Prize Fund for the Hebrew Orphan Asylum.  The society which is was founded three years ago is made up of those who had lived at the asylum and the late Seligman Solomon was one of its leading patrons. 

1890: United States Commissioner John A. Shields continued to hear testimony regarding the Sixth National Bank case, which if true, would mean that Siegmund T. Meyer and his sons Philip and Arthur, “raided” the financial institution.

1890(27thof Shevat, 5650): Herman Frohman a wealthy New York butcher, the husband of Mary Frohman and the father of Henrietta Frohman, Lena Frohman Vollman, Fannie Frohman Adler, Bertha Frohman and Rebecca Frohman passed away today.

1890: The Hebrew Home for the Aged and Infirm of Richmond, VA led by President Henry S. Hutzler, Vice President Philip Whitlock and Secretary and Treasurer Isaac Held was incorporated today.

1891: In Winnsboro, SC, Rabbi David Levy of Charleston officiated at the wedding Sam Nathan from Denver, CO and Etta L. Wolfe,” the daughter of Saling and Sarah Wolfe”

1891: Birthdate of Abraham Fraenkel, the Munich native and “fervent Zionist” who became the first Dean of Mathematics at Hebrew University.

1891(9th of Adar I, 5651): In Leadville, CO, Abe Oliner passed away just two months short of his sixth birthday.  Abe came to Leadville in 1885 with his father Isaac, age 30, mother Gilla, age 25, brother Jacob, age 4 and sister Fannie, age 2.

1891: Birthdate of German born Israeli mathematician Abraham Halevi Fraenkel.

1894(18th of Adar I, 5654): Sixty-three year old Albert S. Rosenbaum, a retired tobacco merchant and hotel proprietor passed away today in New York.  A native of Cassel, Germany he came to the United States when he was 18 and settled in California where he made his fortune investing in San Francisco real estate.  He moved to New York to better manage his tobacco interest.

1895: “Heine’s Pension” published today described Heinrich Heine’s life in France beginning with “his exile in Paris in 1831.” (Heine was the German literary figure who converted, a decision that he later came to regret but never rectified.)

1895: In St. Louis, Russian, Austrian, Polish, Hungarian and Scandinavian Jews who had become naturalized citizens of the United States form the Progressive Order of the West, a fraternal and benevolent organization. The Progressive Order's objectives were to familiarize members with the laws, customs, and institutions of this country; to create a fund to be used for charitable purposes, and to provide for the payment of death benefits to the families of members. In 1898, 7 lodges were in existence in St. Louis and steps were being taken to extend the order to other cities.

1895: It is reported today that the Government in Germany has taken the side of the striking tailors and seamstresses. (Considering the reactionary nature of the German ruling class this would seem rather strange except that the owners are described as being “mostly Jews.”)

1895: “Are Sisters of Mercy” published today described the Temple Emanu-El Sisterhood as one of “the pioneer of all Jewish sisterhoods: and “one of the most excellent institutions among…Hebrew charities.”

1896: It was reported today that Baron von Leonrod, the Bavarian Minister of Justice has said that it would be impossible to refund the 80,000 marks that Louis Stern of New York had left as bail even though he had received a pardon from the Prince Regent.

1896(3rdof Adar I, 5656): Sixty-four French author Aristide Félix Cohen passed away today.

1896: Under the will of the late Adolphe de Rothschild, with today’s date, he “bequeathed to the Institution for Sick Foreign Jews in Frankfort, founded in memory of his daughter, Georgine Sara, 2,000,000 marks and to the orthodox Jewish Congregation in Frankfort 200,000 marks, in trust, to distribute to the income among poor Jews of good character, on the anniversaries of his death and that of his wife.

1897: It was reported today that Professor Felix Adler is one of the speakers scheduled to address the upcoming conference on improving housing conditions in New York City.

1897: “Large Gift to Orphans” published today described the offer of Emanuel Lehman to provide “$100,00 for the endowment of an industrial and provident fund for the benefit of graduates” who have been under the care of the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum Society.

1897: As Emanuel Lehman celebrated his 70th birthday it was reported today that “every charitable association” in New York City “in which Lehman is interested received a handsome check from him…with an explanatory note that it was a birthday present.

1897: “Work of the United Hebrew Charities” published today showed that during January 114 people had received money to be used for transportation to other parts of the United States or Europe. During January, the UHC provided 53 free burials and provided medical assistance to 394 people including medicine and visits to the doctor.  Finally the UHC provided clothing, shoes, furniture, lodgings, meals and cash to 5,422 applicants.

1898: Judge Meyer S. Isaacs will deliver a lecture entitled “The Old Guard” tonight at Temple Israel sponsored by the Young Men’s Hebrew Association.

1903: Herzl meets Dr. Abdullah Djevdet Bey whose poetry he reviewed in the Neue Freie Presse. Djevdet offers his help in gaining support for the Zionists in Turkey. Leopold Greenberg reports from Egypt that it will be impossible to obtain a Charter that will support Jewish colonization.

1904: In Akron, Ohio, 22 year old Bert A. Polsky, the son of Abram and Mollie Polsky who worked at A.Polsky, the family owned business married Hazel Steiner who would become a charter member and president of the Women’s Auxiliary Board of the Akron City Hospital.

1904:  Birthdate of political scientist and historian Hans J. Morgenthau.  Born and educated in Germany, Morgenthau came to the United States in the 1930’s.  He gained fame as director of the Center for the Study of American Foreign and Military Policy while teaching at the University of Chicago.  Morgenthau was a realist and opposed the Vietnam War “because the risks of military participation outweighed any benefits.”  He was a leader in the fight to improve the conditions of Soviet Jewry and he spoke out against the PLO as a terrorist organization.  He passed away in 1980.

1905: Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia, the brother of Emperor Alexander III and the nephew of Emperor Nicholas II who while serving as Governor General of Moscow oversaw “the expulsion of 20,000 Jews from Moscow” was assassinated today in Moscow.

1906: Carl Stettauer, “who represented the United States and Great Britain in the general distribution of the Jewish Relief Fund in Russia” met with a New York Times reporter today at the Waldorf-Astoria where he described his visit to Russia during which two million dollars, half of which had been raised in the United states was spent on relieving the suffering of the Jewish population.

1910:  In New York City, Minerva Norma (née Sugarman) Goldsmith and Israel Simon Goldsmith gave birth to Max Goldsmith who gained fame as American cinema actor Marc Lawrence who was a friend and acting contemporary of John Garfield.  Like Garfield, Lawrence ran into trouble during the McCarthy Period.  Unlike Garfield, Lawrence survived professionally and personally.  He passed away in 2005.

1911: Birthdate of Oskar Koplowitz, a native of Silesia, who as Oskar Seidlin became a noted American “literary scholar, poet and” an author of detective novels and books for children.

1913: The Armory Show opens in New York City, displaying works of artists who are to become some of the most influential painters of the early 20th century. William Zorach, Max Weber, Elie Nadelman, Maurice Becket and Abraham Walkowitz were among the Jewish artists invited to display their work.

1913: U.S. premiere of “The Miracle,” a British silent, color film based on the play by Max Reinhardt.

1914:   “In a 142 page decision, the Georgia Supreme court denied Leo Frank a new trial” by dismissing allegations of juror bias and the influence of spectators on the verdict of the trial court.

1915: “Plea to New York Jews” published today described willingness of the U.S. Navy to ship “flour, sugar, rice and matzoth for Passover” aboard one of its vessels provided the Jewish community can raise the funds for the supplies which will unloaded at Jaffa.

1915: In Rhodes Island, at Brown University, several faculty members took part in a discussion following a lecture on Zionism delivered by Professor Richard Gottheil of Columbia University.

1915: In Chicago, Pia “Fannie” Brin and Solomon Brin gave birth to “Herb Brin, pugnacious journalist, editor, poet and dogged campaigner for liberal and Jewish causes.”
http://www.davidbrin.com/herbbrin/obituary.html

1915: Reverend Thomas Kelly Cheyne, the former Oriel Professor of Interpretation of the Scriptures at Oxford and who was one of the first “English scholars” to apply “the methods of Higher Criticism” to the study of the Old Testament – a methodology that had already become popular among some German-Jewish scholars – passed away today. Cheyne was the author of Job and Solomon: The Wisdom of the Old Testament,   The Prophecies of Isaiah in two volumes and work on the prophet of Jeremiah.

1916: “Robinson Crusoe, Jr” a musical co-authored by Sigmund Romberg, co-starring Al Jolson and produced by Lee and Jacob Schubert opened at the Winter Garden Theatre.

1916: “A committee of those who have been active in Jewish relief work in New York City” headed by Leo Kamaiky and Mrs. Samuel Elkeles “called upon President Wilson” today “and thanked him for hiving set aside January 27 by proclamation as a day when all could contribute to relieve the destitute Jews in the war zone” who reportedly to number at least nine million souls.

1917: Rabbi Marius Ranson is scheduled to lead services today at Temple Israel of Harlem.

1917: Dr. Samuel Schulman is scheduled to deliver the sermon this morning at Temple Beth-El on Fifth Avenue.

1917: “The Women’s Proclamation Committee, the national women’s organization for Jewish relief” today “sent to the Joint Distribution Committee for Jewish War Relief a check for $3,000, its monthly contribution to the great 1917 fund being raised here for destitute Jews in the warring countries.”

1917: At Temple Emanu-El, Dr. Silverman is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “Sacredness of Life: Thou Shalt Not Murder” at Saturday morning services.

1917: “A young girl refugee” who “is a native Mihailovo Poland, a village about forty miles from the German border” “who after three months efforts succeeded in getting out Poland” and escaping to the United States made a statement from her uncle’s home on Seventh Avenue that “The Jews in that part of Russian Poland which is now occupied by Germans thought, before the war that the Russians were hard taskmasters.  Now, they go down on their knees every night and pray for the return of the Russians; they do so covertly, though for if they were caught they would be beaten or imprisoned.”

1917: General James Rowan O’Beirne,  the Civil War and Medal of Honor winner who served as Superintended of Immigration in the 1890’s who opposed Jess Seilgman’s efforts to gain admittance to the United States for the 86 Jewish passengers aboard the SS Marsala passed away.

1918: Jacob H. Schiff, head of the special committee of the American Jewish Relief Committee that arranged the plan whereby the workers of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union will forego the holiday on Washington's Birthday and give their day's earnings to the Jewish war sufferers announced that almost no factory organized by the ILGU would be open and that many owners would be paying time and half or double time.

1918: Rabbi Stephen S. Wise announced that the Palestine Restoration Fund now totals more than $800,000 of which $250,000 was collected in New York.

1918:  Saul J. Cohen, editor The Maccabean, the official Zionist journal received a cable from Israel Zangwill, founder of the Jewish Territorial Organization, saying that he has altered his position following the issuance of the Balfour Declaration and “now looks toward Palestine as the land of the Jews.”

1918: Morris Rothenberg, Chairman of the Zionist Committee of New York presided over a meeting of Zionists at the Casino Theatre who had gathered to honor the memory of Dr. Jechiel Tchlenow who died last month in London. 

1919: Norman Hapgood, President of the League of Nations Association, Judge Julian W. Mack, Rabbi Abba Hillel Silver, Max Pam and Dr. Benzion Mossinson are the guests of honor at a kosher banquet scheduled to be held this evening at the Morrison Hotel as part of the Zionist Convention being held in Chicago.

1920: Birthdate of Bella Levy, of blessed memory, a pillar of the Little Rock Jewish Community and the wife of Manford Levy.

1921: Herah Lerner, his wife Elka and their daughter who had been born two days ago while aboard a ship bringing these Jews to the United States arrived in New York.

1921: After having been informed by the New York World that “the Protocols of the Elders of Zion, which he has been reprinting with anti-Semitic commentary in his own newspaper the Dearborn Independent, are a forgery” Ford said he did not care replying "The only statement I care to make about the Protocols is that they fit in with what is going on. They are sixteen years old, and they have fitted the world situation up to this time. Indeed they do."

1922: In Chile, Mary Grisel Lehmann (née Bissett) and Andrew William Lehmann, a mining engineer, gave birth to Professor Andrew George Lehmann

1925: In York, PA, Dorothy and Joseph Rosenmiller gave birth to Joseph Lewis Rosenmiller, Jr. “who earned a fortune building a chain of radio stations and then donated tens of millions to promote causes that he felt traditional philanthropies largely ignored, like voting rights and the empowerment of domestic workers…” (As reported by Leslie Kaufman)

1925, Florence Prag Kahn won a special election, becoming the fifth woman and first Jewish woman to serve in the United States Congress.

1925: Birthdate of Libby Drescher Isaacs (Leiba bat Shmuel) who was buried in Durham, NC when she passed away in 1982.

1925: Harold Ross and Jane Grant found The New Yorker magazine. Numerous Jewish writers and artists have contributed to the sophisticated journal.  These include two cartoonists – Jules Feifer and Roz Chast as well as such authors as Dorothy Park and S.J. Pearlman.

1926: In Brooklyn, “Joseph and Sarah Postel, who ran an egg and dairy products store” gave birth to Miriam Postel the future wife of diamond cutter Max Weinstein with whom she had two sons – movie-men Harvey and Bob Weinstein.
https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/04/movies/miriam-weinstein-died-miramax.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=1

1927: David T. WIlentz, the Attorney General of New Jersey who prosecuted Bruno Hauptmann and his wife gave birth to Robert Wilentz, the longest serving Chief Just of the New Jersey Supreme Court.

1928: Birthdate of Bronx native Erwin “E.M.” Nathanson  the author and novelist best known for writing The Dirty Dozen which provided the inspiration for one of the most famous WW II movies.
http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/em-nathanson-dead-dirty-dozen-881401

1929:  In New York, Benjamin Max and Mollie (Friedman) Potok gave birth to Chaim Potok  A graduate of Yeshiva University, Potok was ordained as a Conservative Rabbi after studying at The Jewish Theological Society.  He earned a PhD at the University of Pennsylvania. He decided to become a writer after reading Evelyn Waugh's Brideshead Revisited in 1945. He was fourteen years old, and all he had read were magazines and pulp fiction. He wanted to read a serious adult book, and he chose Brideshead Revisited at random from the public library. He later said about reading it, "I found myself inside a world the merest existence of which I had known nothing about. I lived more deeply inside the world in that book than I lived inside my own world."   Potok’s work draws on his own life’s experiences – Judaism (The Chosen, The Promise,) and a stint as an Army Chaplain serving in the Far East (The Book of Lights) – as well as the conflicts he faced including becoming an artist despite family and cultural opposition (My Name Is Asher Lev and The Gift of Asher Lev).  His success stems from many factors.  One is that he opened doors to worlds that people did not know existed i.e. Chasidic Judaism and the Orient.  The second is that he dealt with larger issues such as how a minority culture copes with a majority culture, how to temper brilliance with humanity,  and the challenge of effective parenting in changing world, to name but a few. 
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/chaim-potok
http://potok.lasierra.edu/Potok.biographical.html
http://www.nytimes.com/2002/07/24/books/chaim-potok-73-dies-novelist-illumined-the-world-of-hasidic-judaism.html

1930: “The Vagabond King,” a musical operetta, produced by Adolph Zukor, written by Herman J. Mankiewicz and co-starring Lillian Roth was released in the United States today.

1930: Herman Bernstein was appointed the U.S. Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Albania today.

1930: “Sol M Strock, the newly elected chairman of the Jewish Theological Seminary’s Board of Director told the annual meeting of the Seminary’s Philadelphia branch” about a soon to be launch $5,000,000 endowment fund campaign. (As reported by JTA)

1932: Irving Berlin and Moss Hart’s musical "Face the Music" premiered in New York.

1932: Senator Norris, the Chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee appointed Senators Robinson, Schall and Ashurst to a subcommittee to hear people “who have protested the appointment of Judge Benjamin N. Cardozo to the Supreme Court.

1933: German author and socialist Oskar Graf, the husband of Mirjam Sachs and brother-in-law of Jewish journalist Manford George traveled to Vienna ostensibly to deliver a lecture but actuality to begin a self-imposed exile.

1933: The first edition of Newsweek makes its appearance. In 1961, America’s “perennially #2 newsweekly” will be purchased by Katherine Graham’s Washington Post Co.

1935(14th of Adar I, 5695): Purim Katan

1936: “A vigorous attack on anti-Semitism was made today by Premier Koscialkowski in a speech to the Sejm introducing the budget” today in Warsaw.

1936: S. N. (Samuel] Nathaniel) Behrman's "End of Summer" premiered in New York.

1937: Bronislaw Huberman, the violinist and founder of the Palestine Symphony Orchestra, received a rousing tribute at a concert here tonight with the Concertgebouw, under the auspices of the Society for Art for All.

1938: In New York, Evelyn D. and Jacob Levi gave birth to artist Josef Lev 
http://www.wrgallery.com/josef_levi.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josef_Levi#mediaviewer/File:Josef-Levi-Self-Portrait-2011.jpg

1938: The Palestine Post reported that Austria had capitulated to the German ultimatum and appointed pro-Nazis to the cabinet, marking the effective end of the country's independence.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that there was a major, festive ceremony when the District Commissioner, Mr. Keith Roach, opened Kalia, the first hotel and health resort on the Dead Sea, with the keys handed to him by Major T.C. Tuloch, Chairman of the Kalia Health Resort Company.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that Mohammed el-Rab, a Palestinian Arab, was executed at the Acre prison, one week after his arrest and an immediate Military Court trial, for possession of a loaded automatic gun and ammunition.

1938(16thof Adar I, 5698): David I Aaron passed away today after which he was buried at Beth Hamedrash Hagodol-Beth Jacob Cemetery in McKees Rocks, PA.

1938: In Vienna, the Jewish Telegraphic Agency issued a “reassuring” statement “to the effect that the change in government would not alter Dr. Schuschnigg’s toward the Jews” – statement which must have helped quell the fears in Austria “that Jewish alarm may start a flight of capital.”

1939: U.S. premiere of “The Three Musketeers,” a musical comedy co-starring the Ritz Brothers as “the Three Lackeys,” Joseph Schildkraut as “King Louis XIII” and Binnie Barnes (whose father was JewishP as “Milady De Winter.”

1939: U.S. premiere of “Gunga Din,” a film set in the days of the Raj starring Sam Jaffe as “Gunga Din” with a score by Alfred Newman.

1940: “Castle on the Hudson” a movie set in Sing Sing Prison directed and produced by Anatole Litvak and starring John Garfield was released today in the United States.

1940: Birthdate of Dennis Gamsy a South African cricketer who played in two Tests in 1970.

1943(10th of Adar II, 5703): Fifty-three year old Victor Atler, the Jewish socialist who was a leader of the Bund was executed today on charges of spying for Hitler.  The execution was carried out with Stalin’s approval.

1943: Dutch churches protested against Seyss-Inquart’s persecution of Jews. The Austrian born Seyss-Inquartbecame Reich Commissioner of the Netherlands in May, 1940.The Dutch churches were protesting against "the forced sterilization of Jewish partners in mixed-marriages.  For once, the Germans relented and ended this one form of inhumanity. At the end of the war Seyss-Inquart was arrested and charged with war crimes in Nuremberg. At his trial it was pointed out that of the 140,000 Dutch Jews, only 8,000 survived in hiding and only 5,450 came home from camps in Poland and Czechoslovakia. Seyss-Inquart was found guilty and hanged on 16th October, 1946.

1944: Fifty-eight year old Franz Kaufman the German jurist who was baptized as a child but treated as Jew under Nazi racial laws and who worked with an underground group that aided Jews during the Holocaust was murdered at Sachsenhausen Concentration Camp.

1944: U.S. premiere of “Phantom Lady” a film noir directed by Robert Siodmak.

1945: U.S. premiere of “Objective Burma” a war movie set in the jungles of southeast Asia produced by Jerry Wald, with music by Franz Waxman, featuring George Tobias as “Cpl. Gabby Gordon)

1945: Nicholas George Winton, the Englishman who organized “the rescue of 669 mostly Jewish children from German-occupied Czechoslovakia on the eve of World War II in an operation later known as the Czech Kindertransport” “was promoted to war substantive flying officer” in the RAF.  Winton, who was later knighted, was not Jewish.  He was a decent human being who, unlike so many others, did the right thing during “the long, dark European Night.”

1946: Birthdate of Steve Grossman the Treasurer and Receiver-General of Massachusetts and   the former President of Grossman Marketing Group, a family-owned marketing company based in Somerville, Massachusetts. From 1992 to 1997, he was the chair of the American Israel Public Affairs Committee and from 1997 to 1999 he was the chair of the Democratic National Committee. Grossman received his Bachelor's from Princeton University, and his MBA from Harvard Business School, where he was a Baker Scholar. He is married to Barbara Wallace Grossman, a Professor of Theater at Tufts University, and they have three children.

1948: In the aftermath of today's coup in which the ruler of Yemen was assassinated, "the Jews were accused of murdering two young Muslim girls and throwing their bodies down a well."  This Arab-world version of the blood libel led to the leaders of Yemen's Jewish community being beaten and imprisoned while a mob looted and robbed those living in the Jewish Quarter.

1949: Chaim Weizmann was sworn in as the first president of Israel. The election took place in Jerusalem, a city that had been under siege by the Arabs and almost lost to the invading enemy.  The election of a President of the state of Israel was one of the first items of business for the Knesset which was holding its first meeting in Jerusalem.  Weizmann was elected by a vote of 83 to 15.  In Israel, the President is a figurehead.  The Prime Minister holds the political power.  The election of Weizmann was recognition for his long, untiring decades of service to the Zionist cause. One of his proudest accomplishments was getting the British Government of adopt the Balfour Declaration which gave international recognition and approval to the creation of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.  The President of Israel is called "Nasi" a term which means ruler or prince.  In the early centuries of the Diaspora it had been a honorific title applied to the heads of various Talmudic academies and Jewish communities. To give you some idea of the esteem in which Weitzman was held, he was the first person to be called a Nasi in almost 1500 years.

1949: “Caught” a “film noir” directed by Max Ophüls, with a screenplay by Arthur Laurents was released in the United States today.

1950: “When Willie Comes Marching Home” a comedy “based on the 1945 short story When Leo Comes Marching Home by Sy Gomberg” and with music by Alfred Newman was released in the United States today.

1951: “I'd Climb the Highest Mountain” a movie version of the novel with the same name with a score by Sol Kaplan was released in the United States today.

1952: Dolph Schayes took the floor tonight in the first of what would be a record 706 games played without a miss.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that in a statement read to the Knesset, Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion stressed that the recent bombing of the Soviet Legation in Tel Aviv was no justification for a rupture of diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union. The Soviet action was the culmination of "a campaign of defamatory propaganda against the State of Israel, the Zionist Movement and World Jewry which had been proceeding for a long time." Holland agreed to represent Israeli interests in Moscow.

1957: The Suez Canal re-opens marking the end of the Suez Crisis that had started in October of 1956.

1958: Time published “Historical Notes: Diary of Anne Frank – The End”

The diary of 15-year-old Anne Frank ended abruptly when the Nazis broke into her family's hiding place in Amsterdam. What happened next? Of the last days of one of the world's best-known modern heroines, little was known except that she had died, like millions of other Jews, in a German concentration camp. To fill out the chronicle of her short life, West German Publisher S. Fischer last year assigned Author Ernst Schnabel to search the German and Dutch archives and interview survivors of the camps who might have known her. In Paris Le Figaro Littéraire printed excerpts from Schnabel's findings, to be published as a book in the U.S. this fall. Anne, her sister Margot, and her father and mother were first taken to Westerbork prison in The Netherlands, then shipped by cattle car to Auschwitz. Recalls a woman fellow prisoner: "The doors of the cars were opened violently, and the first thing we saw at Auschwitz was the garish light of the searchlights trained on the cars . . . The voice of a loudspeaker dominated all others; it bellowed: 'Women to the left, men to the right!' I saw them go away: Mr. Van Daan, Mr. Dussel, Peter, Mr. Frank." The men never saw the women again. The women were told that trucks were ready to take the small children and the sick to the prison. But those who fought their way into the trucks never reached the camp; they vanished from-the face of the earth. At Auschwitz, Anne's long hair was clipped and her eyes seemed to grow larger and larger as she grew thinner. Her gaiety disappeared but not her indomitable spirit. The women were divided into groups of five and, though the youngest of her group, Anne became its leader, partly because she was efficient at scrounging necessities. When during cold weather she and the others were reduced to sackcloth smocks, Anne found somewhere a supply of men's long underwear. She even magically produced a cup of coffee for an exhausted prisoner. Most of the adults tried to armor themselves against reality: "Who bothered to look at the flames billowing up from the crematory? When, suddenly, an order came to barricade the neighboring block, who was disturbed? We well knew that they were being readied for the gas chamber, but we were too well-trained to worry about it. We no longer heard anything, saw anything." But Anne Frank did, right up to the end. Said a survivor: "I can still see her standing by the door, watching a group of naked young gypsy girls being shoved along to the crematory. Anne watched them, weeping. And she also wept when we filed past Hungarian children waiting, twelve hours naked under the rain, for their turn to enter the gas chamber. Anne cried: 'Look at their eyes!' She wept when most of us had no tears left." On Oct. 30, 1944, there was a selection of the youngest and strongest to be sent to the concentration camp at Belsen. Single file, the undressed women were ordered into a hall where, seated behind the glare of a searchlight, a doctor chose this one for Belsen, that one for the gas chamber. "Anne's face remained unchanged, even in the cruel light of the projector. She took Margot's arm and they came forward. I can see them now, stripped naked. Anne turned her serene face toward us; then they were led away. It was impossible to see what happened behind the light, and Mrs. Frank cried: 'The children! My God! My God!'" In the hell of Belsen, Anne and Margot Frank lasted scarcely five months. They both became ill. Margot was in a coma for several days and was found, fallen from her bunk, dead. Anne was so sick that no one told her of Margot's fate. Says a fellow prisoner who watched: "Several days later she died peacefully, in the certitude that death was not a calamity.

1959: Birthdate of Arhey Deir, the Moroccan born Israeli political leader of Shas.1961: Premier in Italy of “Esther and the King” a Biblical epic film based on the Book of Esther, starring Joan Collins whose father was Jewish in the title role.

1962(13th of Adar I, 5722):  Conductor Bruno Walter passed away.

1963: The Feminine Mystique by Betty Friedan which is credited with sparking the modern feminist movement was published today.

1965(15thof Adar I, 5725): Eighty-six New York native “Paul Joseph Sachs, the first associate director of the Fogg Museum and a Harvard professor” and husband of Meta Pollak with whom he had three daughters – “Elizabeth Pollock Weiss, Cecilia Robinson and Marjorie Pickhardt Wilson --     passed away today.
http://oasis.lib.harvard.edu/oasis/deliver/~art00010

1965: Birthdate of actor Michael Benjamin Bay who “was raised Jewish” by his adoptive parents.

1969(29th of Shevat, 5729): Levi Eshkol, third Prime Minister of Israel, died suddenly.  In one of the great ironies of history, it was the mild-mannered Eshkol and not any of his more flamboyant contemporaries who led the Israeli government during the June, 1967 War that resulted in the re-unification of Jerusalem.https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/eshkol.html
http://research.haifa.ac.il/~eshkol/

1969: Golda Meir sworn in as Israel's 1st female prime minister. Goldie Mabovitch (who later Hebraized her name to Golda Meir) was a Russian immigrant living in Milwaukee.  In 1918 she wanted to join the Jewish Legion, a British unit organized to fight the Turks in World War I.  Mrs. Meir made Aliyah and eventually became a major political figure in the Zionist Community and later in the state of Israel.  Her description of being in Moscow for Simchat Torah after the creation of the state of Israel is a moving story.  She served as Foreign Minister and following the death of Levi Eshkol became Prime Minister.  She led the country through the trying days of the Yom Kippur War and its aftermath.  By the time Anwar Sadat made his memorable trip to Israel, Mrs. Meir was no longer in the government.  When the two adversaries met she is reported to have said, "Long after we have forgiven you for killing our sons, we will be working to forgive you for turning our sons into killers."  This modern Devorah took no pleasure in being involved in so many military adventures.

1970(11th of Adar I, 5730): Shmuel Yosef or S.Y. Agnon (Hebrew: שמואל יוסף עגנון; born Shmuel Yosef Czaczkes) passed away.  Agnon was the first Hebrew author to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.  He won the prize in 1966. Since this is beyond my area of expertise, included find this canned summary. “Shmuel Yosef Agnon was born in Galicia in 1888. He immigrated to Jaffa in 1908, but spent 1913 through 1924 in Germany. In 1924 he returned to Jerusalem, where he lived until his death in 1970. A prolific novelist and short-story writer from an early age, Agnon received numerous literary awards, including the Israel Prize on two occasions. Called "a man of unquestionable genius" and "one of the great storytellers of our time," S.Y. Agnon is among the most effusively praised and widely translated Hebrew authors. His unique style and language have influenced the writing of subsequent generations of Hebrew authors. Much of his writing attempts to recapture the lives and traditions of a former time, but his stories are never a simple act of preservation. Agnon's tales deal with the most important psychological and philosophical problems of his generation. "Via realistic and surrealistic modes," writes the New York Times, "Agnon has transmuted in his many words the tensions inherent in modern man's loss of innocence, and his spiritual turmoil when removed from home, homeland and faith." An observant Jew throughout most of his life, he was able to capture "the hopelessness and spiritual desolation" of a world standing on the threshold of a new age. Extolled for his "peculiar tenderness and beauty," for his "comic mastery" and for the "richness and depth" of his writing, it is S.Y. Agnon's contribution to the renewal of the language that has been seminal for all subsequent Hebrew writing.” Some of his works that have been translated into English includeA Book That Was Los : And Other Stories.; A dwelling place of my people : sixteen stories of the Chassidim; A Guest for the Night; Gollancz, A Simple Story; Agnon's Aleph Bet Poems; The Bridal Canopy;Days of Awe : A Treasury of Jewish Wisdom for Reflection, Repentance, and Renewal on the High Holy Days;In the Heart of the Seas : A Story of a Journey to the Land of Israel.; Present at Sinai : The Giving of the Law : Commentaries Selected by S.Y. Agnon; Shira; Twenty-one stories.

1970: One Jordanian and two Iraqis were arrested today when they tried to hijack an El Al plane at the Munich Airport.

1972: President Richard Nixon begins his historic trip to China.  This major diplomatic breakthrough was orchestrated by White House advisor Henry Kissinger who would become the first Jewish Secretary of State.

1974: It was reported today that 35,000 Jews were permitted to emigrate to Israel in 1973 and 32,000 in 1972.

1976: The Second World Conference of Jewish Communities on Soviet Jewry opened today in Brussels despite protests from the Soviet Union to the Belgian Government.

1977: In “Imperial Germany’s Jewish Banker” published today A.J.P.Taylor reviewed Gold and Iron: Bismarck, Bleichröder, and the Building of the German Empire by Fritz Stern
http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/1977/feb/17/imperial-germanys-jewish-banker/?pagination=false

1977: In New York City, the first Conference on Feminism and Orthodoxy comes to a close. The two day meeting led to the founding of the Jewish Orthodox Feminist Alliance

1979(20thof Shevat, 5739): Seventy-two year old lyricist Al Stillman (born Albert Silverman) who wrote such hits as “Home for the Holidays” and “Chances Are” passed away today.
http://www.songwritershalloffame.org/exhibits/C282?exhibitId=282

1981: In “Yiddish Book Collection Grows in New England,” Michael Knight described the work of the Yiddish Book Exchange.
http://www.nytimes.com/1981/02/17/arts/yiddish-book-collection-grows-in-new-england.html?pagewanted=print

1981: In Los Angeles, Dennis Levitt, the news director for the Pacifica Radio and Jane Gordon gave birth to Joseph Gordon-Levitt an American actor best known for his role as Tommy Solomon on “3rd Rock from the Sun.”

1982(24th of Shevat, 5742): Lee [Israel] Strasberg, father of method acting passed away at the age of 80.  Strasberg also enjoyed a career as an actor with one of his most roles coming at the end of his life when he played the “Meyer Lansky” figure in The Godfather Part II.

1983: “Local Hero” a British comedy with music by Mark Knopfler was released today in the United Kingdom.

1984: “The Right Stuff” the movie version of the book by the same name directed by Philip Kaufman who also wrote the screenplay and produced by Irwin Winkler and Robert Chartoff was released throughout the United States after a limited release three months earlier.

1984: In Holland, PA, Mark and Harriet Levin gave birth to Michael Levin who as a 22 year old member of the IDF’s Paratroopers Brigade “was killed in action in the Second Lebanon War, during the first round of fighting in the Lebanese town of Ayta ash-Shab.”
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/08/03/AR2006080301539.html

1985: Martin Eli Segal “served as the General Chairman of the “Night of 100 Stars II, the first AIDS benefit held by the Actors’ Fund of American.

1985: David Mamet’s “Glengarry Glen Ross” was performed for the final time during its initial Broadway run.

1987: In “Warsaw Journal: An Album of the Doomed” published today, Michael T. Kaufman examined the “art of Auschwitz.”

http://www.nytimes.com/1987/02/18/world/warsaw-journal-an-album-of-hte-doomed-the-art-of-auschwitz.html

1987: Aulcie Perry Jr., a former basketball player who had become an Israeli citizen and was hailed as a sports champion in Israel, went on trial today on charges of conspiracy to import heroin, importation of heroin and possession of heroin with intent to distribute. The 6-foot-10-inch Perry, who holds a dual citizenship, joined the Maccabi Tel Aviv basketball team in Israel in 1977 and helped bring it a European Cup championship that year and in 1979. He remained on the team until 1984. Perry's cousin, Kenneth Johnson, 29, who was charged with Perry, pleaded guilty earlier this month and is awaiting sentencing.

1988: The United States announced that it is planning to change ambassadors to Israel next summer. According to State Department officials, William A. Brown, currently ambassador to Thailand, will replace Thomas R. Pickering, who has served in Tel Aviv since 1985. Mr. Pickering is scheduled to return to Washington to become Under Secretary of State for management. The State Department also plans to replace Morris Draper, the Consul General in Jerusalem, with Philip C. Wilcox Jr., a Deputy Assistant Secretary of State who deals with Israel, Jordan, Lebanon and Egypt. The Consul General in Jerusalem has something approaching ambassadorial status. He reports directly to the State Department, not to the United States Embassy in Tel Aviv, a situation that reflects Washington's refusal to recognize Israeli sovereignty over Jerusalem.

1988: A dozen Israeli playwrights, poets and other intellectuals made an urgent appeal to the Government tonight to ''talk peace with the Palestinians.'' Amos Oz, the Israeli novelist, started and ended his address to the group with the words, ''What was, will not be again.'' Seventy New York writers, artists and performers sent a telegram expressing their support to the Israeli Playwrights' Association, a gesture welcomed by Israelis here who feel support from abroad can put effective pressure on the Government. Among the signers were Erica Jong, Allen Ginsburg, Grace Paley, Gloria Steinem, E. L. Doctorow, Arthur Miller, Norman Mailer and Susan Sontag.

1988: The violence in the occupied territories continued today, as Israeli soldiers shot and killed one Palestinian and wounded at least three others while dispersing riots in the West Bank village of Shuyukh, near Hebron, an army spokesman said. ''The army was trying to clear a roadblock, when they were attacked with rocks, stones and bottles,'' the spokesman said. ''They were in a life-threatening situation, so the commander and one officer shot at the legs of the protesters.''

''Sometimes you don't get exactly where you aim,'' he said. ''They were aiming at the legs.''

1993: “Belushi Is No Stranger To a Bar Owner’s Role Despite the Movie Image” published today described how Judd Hirsch was replaced during the Broadway run of “Conversations With My Father,” a play that “presents the saga of a first generation of American Jews who came of age in the Depression and were assimilated at a high price during and after World War II.”

1994 (6th of Adar, 5754): Yuval Golan who was stabbed on December 29, 1993 by a terrorist near Adarim in the Hebron area he died of his wounds.

1996: In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, world champion Garry Kasparov beats the Deep Blue supercomputer in a chess match. Kasparov’s mother is Armenian and his father is Jewish.

1998(21stof Shevat, 5758): Eighty-nine year old Pauline Endler Loeb passed away today after which she was interred at the Jewish Cemetery in Morgan City, LA.

1999(1stof Adar, 5759): Rosh Chodesh Adar is observed for the last time in the 20thcentury.

2001: At the Library of Congress of an exhibition entitled “Herblock’s History: Political Cartoons from the Crash to the Millennium” which presents works by cartoonist Herb Block, who chronicled the nation’s political history and caricatured twelve American presidents from Herbert Hoover to Bill Clinton comes to an end.

2003(15th of Adar I, 5763): Seventy-eight year old art dealer Felix Landau passed away today (As reported by Eric Pace)
http://www.nytimes.com/2003/03/09/us/felix-landau-78-gallery-owner-with-an-eye-for-influential-art.html

2005: Today, in the wake of the bankruptcy of Sunbeam Products, Ron Perelman filed a lawsuit against Morgan Stanley, claiming that Morgan had defrauded him by knowingly misleading him about the financial condition of Sunbeam Products.  The Sunbeam acquisition was only one in a long series of such deals in which this Jewish philanthropist and businessman had engaged in over the past four decades starting with the purchase of Esslinger Brewery in 1961. He and his father bought the company for “$800,000, then sold it three years later for a $1 million profit.” 

2006: Thousands of mourners gathered at the Cameri Theater in Tel Aviv this morning to pay their final respects to ShoshannaDamari, who lay in state on the stage until the memorial service began shortly before noon.  During the memorial service President Moshe Katsav said "One can say of her that she was the voice of Israel," he said. "We have lost her, but not her songs

2006: Israel's hopes for an Olympic medal took a blow when ice dancer Galit Chait fell during the compulsory program of the Pairs Ice Dancing competition.

2006: In “Early Simon, Dressed by Mizrahi” published today Ben Brantley reviewed a “torturous new revival of Neil Simon’s ‘Barefoot in the Park.’”
http://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/17/theater/reviews/17park.html?_r=0

2007: Shabbat Shekalim – The Sabbath of the Shekel.

2007: Ninety-six year old Maurice Papon, the Vichy official convicted of “complicity in Nazi crimes against humanity” died today.
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/18/world/europe/18papon.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0

2007: Celebration of Fred Rodgers birthday: a brand plucked from the flames of the Holocaust and pillar of the Jewish community.

2008: Final performance of “Fabrik: The Legend of M. Rabinowitz” at the Urban Stages Theatre in Manhattan.  This adult puppet show traces the life of Moritz Rabinowitz, a Polish Jew sent to Norway by his family to escape pre-World War II pogroms, who became a successful businessman before ending up at Sachsenhausen concentration camp near Berlin.

2008: The Sunday Los Angeles Times book section featured reviews of The Bad Wife Handbook by Jewish poet Rachel Zucker and The Life of the Skies by Jonathan Rosen

2008: An exhibition entitled “Sosúa: A Refuge for Jews in the Dominican Republic” opens at The Museum of Jewish Heritage.

2008: An exhibition entitled “To return to the land…” Paul Goldman’s Photographs of the Birth of Israel opens at The Museum of Jewish Heritage.Hungarian-born photojournalist Paul Goldman fled to the British Mandate of  Palestine in 1940, where he chronicled the events leading up to the foundation of the State of Israel.

2009: In Manhattan’s East Village, the fourth and final part of a four part series The Comedy and Kabbalah of Relationships featuring Rabbi YY Jacobson

2009: At New York University, Professor Yoram Peri, head of the Chaim Herzog Institute for Media, Politics and Society at Tel Aviv University delivers a public lecture entitled "New Leadership in Israel and the Peace Process"

2010: The CJH is scheduled to co-sponsor “Music in the Age of the Wittgensteins,” featuring a performance by the Phoenix Chamber Ensemble.

2010: In Arkansas, Bella Levy, wife of Manford Levy, celebrates her 90thbirthday.  Bella is an Ashes Chayel in the truest sense of the word.  All who know are blessed by the experience.

2010:The heads of various medical associations held an emergency meeting today, and the president of the Israel Medical Association(  IMA) Dr. Leonid Eidelman, said the organization would not hesitate to carry out its threat to strike if necessary, in its escalating battle with Deputy Health Minister Yaakov Litzman should its Scientific Council be transferred to the ministry.

2010:According to JTA, “lawyers for the estate Adrian Jacobs added J.K. Rowling's name to a lawsuit it filed in the High Court of England last June -- some 12 years after Jacobs died penniless in Nightingale House, a home for elderly Jews in south London. Adrian Jacobs, an art collector, lawyer and accountant who made millions on the stock market before going bust, wrote a children’s book in 1987 titled The Adventures of Willy the Wizard: No. 1 Livid Land.” The suit claims that Rowling plagiarized ideas for her fourth book, the best-selling “Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire” (2000), from "Willy the Wizard No. 1."

2011: A job fair, held in conjunction with the Orthodox Union Job Board, is scheduled to take place at Sasson v’ Simcha Hall located in Brooklyn.

2011:Gainsbourg, “the boldly imaginative and wildly entertaining biopic of Jewish French singer-songwriter Serge Gainsbourg, one of the most iconic and diversely talented music artists of the 20th Century” is scheduled to be shown at the Atlanta Jewish Film Festival.

2011: Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman attempted to dispel rumors that relations between him and Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu had soured, saying on today that "our relations are intact.""I spoke to the prime minister," after vetoing Uzi Arad, Netanyahu's choice for ambassador to London, Lieberman said. "We'll keep working together."

2011: A Lebanese military court convicted a man of spying for Israel and sentenced him to death late today. Amin al-Baba was found guilty of giving Israeli intelligence agents information in return for money. He was also found guilty of entering an enemy state.  Al-Baba, who was sentenced late today, had been spying for Israel from 1997 until his 2009 arrest. The new sentence brings the number of people sentenced to death for spying for Israel to nine.

2011: “A Night of Outrageous Comedy” with Julie Goldman is scheduled for tonight at the Washington DCJCC.

2011: Foreign Minister Avigdor Lieberman attempted to dispel rumors that relations between him and Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu had soured, saying on Thursday that "our relations are intact.""I spoke to the prime minister," after vetoing Uzi Arad, Netanyahu's choice for ambassador to London, Lieberman said. "We'll keep working together."

2011: Israel Defense Forces soldiers shot and killed three Palestinians near the Gaza Strip border zone today, said Palestinian medics who recovered the bodies. An IDF spokesperson confirmed that the troops had opened fire after observeing the Palestinians approaching the security fence between Israel and the Gaza Strip attempting to plant explosives. A spokesman for the armed wing of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine - a small group that only rarely carries out attacks - sent a text message to reporters identifying one of the men as a member of the group “killed during a mission carried out by our military wing."

2011: The Washington Post featured a review of Heart of the City: Nine Stories of Love and Serendipity on the Streets of New York by Ariel Sabar, the son Yona Sabar, a Kurdish Jewish scholar, linguist and researcher.

2011: Last Damage, the fifth crime novel by Sophie Hannah, the daughter of Norman and Adele Geras was published today.
http://www.sophiehannah.com/

2012(24thof Shevat, 5772): Seventy-seven year old “Peter Novick, a history professor at the University of Chicago who stirred controversy in 1999 with a book contending that the legacy of the Holocaust had come to unduly dominate American Jewish identity” passed away today (As reported by Dennis Hevesi)
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/13/us/peter-novick-wrote-divisive-holocaust-book-dies-at-77.html?_r=1&hpw

2012: Rabbi Y.Y. Rubinstein is scheduled to deliver a Friday night talk entitled “True Love..How to Find It and Keep It” at the Magen David Sephardic Congregation in Rockville, MD.

2012: Following Carlebach Services and dinner, Dr. Jerry Muller, Professor of History and Chair of the Department of History,Catholic University of America, Washington DC is scheduled to deliver a lecture entitled “Capitalism and the Jews” as part of the Scholar-In-Residence Weekend at Tifereth Israel in Washington, DC.

2012: Opening session of LimmudLA

2012: Tali Yehoshua-Koren, the wife of the Defense Ministry's representative to India who was moderately injured in the attack on Israel’s embassy in New Delhi gave a testimony to police, which may change previously held assumptions about the attack and its perpetrator, the Times of India reported today. Yehoshua-Koren gave the testimony in hospital before returning to Israel in an air ambulance. She told police that the bomb exploded a full 30 to 40 seconds after it was attached to her car, and that the perpetrator was dressed in black, and riding a black motorcycle.

2012: Palestinian terrorists fired an RPG at IDF forces stationed near the Gaza border fence today, according to the IDF Spokesman's Office.

2013: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Four New Messages by Joshua Cohen and the recently released paperback editions of In Our Prime: The Fascinating History and Promising Future of Middle Age by Patricia Cohen

2013: Professor Brian Horowitz is scheduled to deliver the opening remarks of two day conference at Tulane University – “Jewish Secular Utopias and Distopias in Central and Eastern Europe”2013: The Toronto Jewish Film Society is scheduled to present “The Barber of Stamford Hill” and “The 10th Man” at the Miles Nadel JCC.

2013: “Six Million and One” is among the movies scheduled to be shown at the final night of the 17th Denver Jewish Film Festival.

2013: In “Online Battle Over Sacred Scrolls, Real-World Consequences” published in print today, John Leland describes the efforts of Raphael Haim Gold”s less than honorable attempts “to advance his father’s views about the Dead Sea Scrolls.”
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/17/nyregion/online-battle-over-ancient-scrolls-spawns-real-world-consequences.html?pagewanted=print

2013(7thof Adar, 5773): Seventy seven year old Israeli entertainer Shmuel "Shmulik" Kraus passed away.
http://www.timesofisrael.com/israeli-musician-shmulik-kraus-dies-at-77/

2013: A Knesset panel will launch an independent investigation into the jailing and suicide of Mossad agent Ben Zygier, following growing calls for an official accounting of the case, the committee said tonight.

2013: A delegation of Israeli security officials visited Cairo to discuss the security situation in the region with their Egyptian counterparts today, the second such trip in less than a week.

2014: The Jewish Community Center of Northern Virginia Cultural Arts Department in Fairfax is scheduled to hold auditions for the one-act family theatre production of “Cinder-Rachella,” an original play with music that celebrates Israeli culture through the eyes of the iconic fairytale Princess

2014: “Broken Lines,” a film about “Jake, a working class Jewish boy…and his fiancée Zoe” is scheduled to be shown for the first time at as part of the UK Jewish Film Festival.

2014: Naftali Bennett reportedly told American Jewish leaders today that Israel wants more control over the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, a holy site that has long been a contentious point with the Muslim world.

2014: “The Knesset Law Committee voted to advance a bill today that would allow a much wider circle of state rabbis to conduct conversions.” (As reported by Haviv Rettig Gur)

2014: “A lawyer for the elderly art collector whose $1.4 billion-worth of works were seized by German police two years ago said he is in negotiations with six claimants who are seeking items stolen from them or their families by the Nazis.” (As reported by Amanda Borshel-Dan)

2015: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to sponsor a lecture by Dr. Rakhmiel Peltz on “Planning for the Jewish Future: Standards for Yiddish in the 20thand 21st century.”

2015: Stuart Cohen of Bar-Ilan University is scheduled to deliver a lecture on “Generals Wearing Yarmulkes. Does the Israel Defense Force Face a Threat of Dual Authority?” at FIU.

2015: Beth Goldman is scheduled to start her new position at NYLAG, who replaced Yisroel Schulman who had “stepped down amid a federal investigation in his alleged accounting irregularities.”

2016: Sayed Kashua is scheduled to discuss his new book Native: Dispatches from an Israeli-Palestinian Life at the 92nd Street Y.

2016: Bo’i Kalah: Here Comes the Bride an exhibition featuring “12 sensational bridal gowns reflecting Jewish cultural and family traditions from around the world” is scheduled to open at the Skirball Center.

2016: Bella Meyer is scheduled to speak on “Marc Chagall: Reflections of a Granddaughter” at the YIVO Institute for Jewish History.

2016: “Kurt Weill, the talented Jewish composer who was the most successful composer in Germany prior to his fleeing Nazi Germany, is scheduled to be the subject of a rare cabaret performance by singer Bremner Duthie and a jazz trio this evening at the Marigny Opera House in New Orleans, LA. (As reported by Alan Smason)

2017: At the University of Iowa, Hillel is scheduled to host its Shabbat Alumni Dinner for what some might call the Hebrew Hawkeyes.

2017: “The Women’s Balcony” and “Germans and Jews” are scheduled to be shown at the 27thAnnual  San Diego Jewish Film Festival.

2017:  Limmud NY is scheduled to open today with a noontime lunch followed by programs on “A Brief History of Contemporary Jewish A Cappella, Niggun and Transformation and Jewish Moral Frameworks in a Multi-Cultural World

2017(21stof Shevat, 5777: Eighty-five year old Tulane drop-out Theodore Lowi the Cornell University Professor and ground-breaking political scientist and historian passed away today.

2018: In London, “Rothschild and Sons” final performance is scheduled to take place this evening.

2018: The Jackson Hole Jewish Community is scheduled to host “Havd’Challah” where attendees bid farewell to Shabbat with “hot toddies and challah.”

2018(2nd of Adar, 5778): Parashat Terumah; for more see http://downhomedavartorah.blogspot.com/

 

 

 

 

This Day, February 18, In Jewish History by Mitchell A. Levin

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February 18

 654: “In Toledo Spain, Receswinth, King of the Visigoths, forced Judaizing Christians (converted Jews who still kept Jewish traditions) to swear loyalty to the Church or die” which meant “they were forced to spend Jewish and Christian holy days with the clergy, but were not forced to eat pork.”

1229: During The Sixth Crusade, Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor signed a ten-year truce with al-Kamil, regaining Jerusalem, Nazareth, and Bethlehem with neither military engagements nor support from the papacy. Prior to the Sixth Crusade, Pope Gregory III had used the Crusading Spirit to impose anti-Semitic legislation.  Frederick II was involved in a power struggle with the Papacy.  As part of that he struggle, he defied Rome and granted a charter of privileges to the Jews of Vienna in 1238.

1239: The ten year truce between Emperor Frederick II and the Sultan of Egypt came to an end.  During this period, 1236, the Emperor issued a decree refuting the accusations of ritual murder and providing for the protection of his Jewish subjects.

1488: The first printed eviction of tractate Gittin of the Babylonian Talmud was published in Soncino, Italy

1405: Tamerlane or Timur, the Mongol leader “under whose rule the Jewish people prospered” passed away today. (For more see Tamerlane and the Jews by Michael Shterenshis)
https://books.google.com/books?id=vJZm9amnoAoC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false

1474: According to bookplate, in Reggio de Calabria, Italy, Abraham ben Garton printed Rashi’s commentary on the Chumash.

1546: Martin Luther passed away.  Luther was a significant figure in the movement to reform Christianity.  He extended the hand of friendship to the Jews, thinking that he could win them over to his side with kindness.  When the Jews rejected his goal - conversion - Luther turned on them.  By 1544, he was publishing a pamphlet entitled "Concerning the Jews and Their Lies." Jews were characterized as “venomous, virulent, thieves, brigands and disgusting vermin."  According to the Jewish Encyclopedia, "'...Luther's ferocious castigation of the Jews provided fuel for anti-Semites and vicious force of that legacy was still evident in Nazi propaganda.'"

1564:Michelangelo passed away. Among his works were a statue of Moses that had horns and a statue of an uncircumcised David.

1574: An auto-de-fe took place in Mexico City; nearly 100 people were sentenced that day, including New Christians.

1577: The Jews of Safed requested assistance from the Sultan for persecution by local officials. In a letter to the local Ottoman officials, the Sultan told his people that the Jews, "have complained of wrong done to them." The Jews were forced to pay high taxes, transport dung on Saturdays, were levies tolls on the road to Damascus, and were beaten with a strip of metal. The Sultan ordered his people not to molest the Jews, to investigate and give back what the Jews are owed.

1653: After Cromwell’s government released him today, William Prynne returned to writing pamphlets on a variety of subjects including one call the “Short Demurrer” in which he expressed his opposition to Manasseh Ben Israel’s plea to Oliver Cromwell to overturn King Edward’s 13th century ban and allow the Jews to return to the British Isles.

1723: In Prussia a revised form of the "Aeltesten-reglement" (Constitution of the Jewish Community) was issued.  The original document which was supposed to be read every in the synagogue was issued in March of 1722.

1743: Premiere performance of Handel’s “Samson” at Covent Garden, an oratorio based on the life of the Biblical figure described in the Book of Judges.

1757: In Avignon, France, a local townsman walking through the ghetto on a dark night, stumbled and fell into a well near the synagogue. Fortunately he was not hurt. The day was declared a local holiday for generations. The rationale was that had the townsman drowned so near the synagogue, the Jewish community would have been accused of complicity in his death. 

1789(22nd of Shevat, 5549): New York native Jacob Rodriques Rivera, the son of Abraham Rodrigues River, the husband of Hannah Pimentel and “prominent Newport merchant, manufacturer and member of the United Company of Spermaceti Candlers” who “introduced sperm oil industry into the colonies” and “was the President of the Newport Jewish Congregation” passed away today.

1794(18th of Adar): Rabbi Alexander Suskind of Horodno author of Yesod ve-Shoresh ha-Avodah passed away

1804:  Ohio University founded in Athens, Ohio. Today approximately 10% of its 17,000 students are Jewish.  There is an on-campus Hillel Chapter at Ohio University.

1813: Emancipation of the Jews of Mecklenberg, Germany

1816: Birthdate of Maurice Block the Berlin born statistician and economist who moved to Paris in the 1840’s to work for the French ministry of agriculture.

1833: Birthdate of Warsaw native Henry (Hayyim Gerson) Vidaver who served as the Rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregation in St. Louis from 1865 through 1867.

1835: Benjamin Woolfe Franklin married Maria Levy today at the Great Synagogue.

1839: Birthdate of Zadoc Kahn, the Alsatian native who became Chief Rabbi of France.
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0011_0_10603.html

1839: Birthdate of Charles S. Baker who while serving as Congressman from New York in 1890 submitted a resolution “protesting…the enforcement by Russia of the edicts of 1882 against the Jews” and requesting the President to submit a protest to the Czar’s government.

1840: Sultan Abdul Mejid I issued a royal decree absolving the Jewish community on the island of Rhodes of charges “of having killed a gentile child” so that his blood could be used in baking matzoth. The day was celebrated as The Purim of Rhodes.  The Sultan was a reformer who was trying to make the Ottoman Empire a modern nation as can be seen by his attempts to replace the turban with the fez, introduce the use of banknotes and the issuing of a patent so that a telegraph system could be built in Turkey.

1844: In Lamar County, Alabama, Samuel Jefferson and Martha Louisa "Tarrant" Mordecai gave birth to their eldest child Nancy Priscilla “Nannie” Mordecai Cash the wife of Wesley Shepard Cash.

1846: Beginning of the Galician peasant revolt.  At this time Galicia was a province of the Austrian Empire.  The revolt was one of many that would sweep Europe during the late 1840’s. By 1851, once the revolts in Galicia had been suppressed, the Reform Constitution would be revoked and, among other things, Jews would lose their newly won right to purchase land in Galicia,

1848(14th of Adar I, 5608): Purim Katan

1848: In Pozsony, Gregor Steinbach and Therese Steinbach gave birth to Dr. Gustav “Itzig” Steinbach the father of Leonore Steinbach and father of Karl Steinbach and Theresa Risa Lohr.

1850: In Budapest, Karl Ullmann and his wife gave birth to Alexander de Erény Ullmann the political economist who served in the Hungarian Parliament from 1884 to 1892.  His father who was born in 1809 and passed away in 1880 founded the first Hungarian Insurance Company.  Alexander passed away in 1897.

1850 In New York Abigail Kursheedt (nee Judah) and Asher Kursheedt gave birth to Serena Kursheedt

1851(16thof Adar I, 5611): Forty-six year old Car Gustav Jacob Jacobi, “the first Jewish mathematician to be appointed professor at a German university” passed away today in Berlin

1852: According to reports published today, a juror named Shubal Hubbard claimed that Alexander Christallar, a witness for the defendant, had tried to engage him in inappropriate social contact during a break in the trial.  In his deposition, Hubbard claimed that Christallar was a Jew and that he was President of a Williamsburg Synagogue.  He also claimed that Christallar had invited him to a celebration at which Oysters would be served.

1853: August Belmont, the Jewish banker and Democratic political leader, and Caroline Slidell gave birth to August Belmont, Jr. who was raised as a Christian.

1856: Full civil rights are granted to Turkish Jews

1857: William Meir Barack married Fanny Abraham today in the United Kingdom

1859: Birthdate of Solomon Rabinowitz who became famous under the penname of Sholem Aleichem.  Born in Russia, Sholem Aleichem first wrote in Hebrew and only later turned to writing in Yiddish.  He moved from Russia to Denmark, to Switzerland and ultimately moved to the United States at the outbreak of World War I.  Unfortunately, he only lived in America for two years and he passed away in 1916.  Known as the Yiddish Mark Twain, Sholem Aleichem is most famous for creating Tevya and all of the wonderful characters who lived with him in the shtetels of the Pale.  He used humor to portray both the joy and the suffering of his co-religionists.  He became famous among generations of Jews who had thought they had escaped from all of that "Yiddish stuff" and gentiles as well with the production of Fiddler on the Roof.  Some of his famous lines include: "In the mud, but not of the mud."  "When a Jew eats a chicken one of them was sick.""A bachelor is a man who comes to work each morning from a different direction.""Gossip is nature's telephone.""Life is a dream for the wise, a game for the fool, a comedy for the rich, a tragedy for the poor.""No matter how bad things get you got to go on living, even if it kills you.""The rich swell up with pride, the poor from hunger." Some of his works that have been translated into English include Tevye's Daughters, The Adventures of Menahem-Mendel, The Best of Sholom Aleichem and The Great Fair which is his autobiography.

 1861: With the Italian unification almost complete, King Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont, Savoy and Sardinia assumes the title of King of Italy.  Jews were active participants in the fight to unify Italy and the newly unified Italian nation was certainly hospitable to its Jewish citizens.  Historian Elliot Rosenberg cites a quote from his fellow historian Howard Morely Sacher to capture what the new Italian nation meant to the Jewish people.  “In 1848, there had been no European country save Spain where the restrictions placed upon Jews were more galling and more humiliating than in Italy.  After 1860, there was no country on the continent of Europe where conditions were better for Jews.”

1863: Julius Sax married Rachel Abrahams today at the Albion Hotel in Aldersgate.

1866: Birthdate of Samuel Krauss, a professor at the Jewish Teachers' Seminary in Budapest and the Jewish Theological Seminary in Vienna who was a contributor to the Jewish Encyclopedia.

1866: Today, in Philadelphia, The Free Sons of Israel instituted two additional lodges – Manasseh Lodge 17 and Moses Lodge 18.

1868: Birthdate of Rockford, Illinois native Albert Henry Loeb, the husband of Anna Bohnen with whom he had four sons – Alan, Ernest, Thomas and Richard (of Leopold and Loeb fame) – and who practiced law in Chicago before becoming an executive with Sears, Roebuck and Company.

1870: State Supreme Court Justice Cardozo denied a motion for an injunction in an action styled the Mayor of New York City vs. the Beach Pneumatic Transit Company.

1871: Rabbi Wise delivered the first in a series of lectures on the “Origin of Christianity” at Steinway Hall in New York City.  Reverend O.B. Frothingham introduced the Rabbi.

1873: Birthdate of Theodore Albert Peyser the native of Charleston, West Virginia who worked in Cincinnati before moving to New York where he was eventually elected to Congress from New York’s 17th Congressional District.

1873: Birthdate of Charleston, W.Va.., native Theodore A. Peyser, the Cincinnati based traveling salesman who settled in New York where he “represented New York’s 17th Congressional District.”
http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=P000281

1874(1stof Adar, 5634): Rosh Chodesh Adar

1874: Ida Morgenthau, the daughter of Lazarus Morgenthau married William J. Erich.

1874: Lazarus Morgenthau founded a society that would provide dowries for orphan Jewish girls.

1876: In Slovakia, 37 year old Herman Ehrenthal and Veron Ehrenthal gave birth do Roazlia Ehrenthal who became Rozalia Fleischmann.

1876: In Maryland, Circuit Court Judge Pinkney, ruled that the City of Baltimore did not have the right give public funds to a variety of charitable organizations including the Hebrew Hospital.

1877(6th of Adar, 5637): Carolyn (Norris) Horowitz, the wife of Phineas Jonathan Horowitz, the native of Baltimore and graduate of Jefferson Medical College who rose through the ranks of the Navy to become Chief of the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, passed away today seven years before her husband retired.

1880: Mr. Moses Levinson of New Rochelle sued the New Haven Railroad today in United States Circuit Court for “exemplary damages.”  Levinson contended that he had been wrongfully put off one of the New Haven’s trains when the conductor claimed he had not paid for his ticket.  Levinson sought $5,000 in damages.  The jury awarded him $750.

1882: Birthdate of Frank Angone the native of New York who gained fame as featherweight Benny Yanger, nicknamed The Tipton Slasher.

1882: “The Russian War on the Jews” published today described the renewed attacks to which the Jews of Kiev have been subjected and Count Totleben’s refusal to intervene without special instructions from the government at St. Petersburg.

1882: In Philadelphia, PA, the old passenger station belong to the Pennsylvania Railroad, has been configured to provide temporary accommodations for the Jewish refugees who will arrive in the city after having escaped from the recent round of pogroms in Russia.  A supply of food has been gathered for the refugees and Dr. Thomas G. Morton is the head of a group of doctors who will be available to take care of their medical needs.  In the meantime, an Employment Committee will make every effort to find jobs for the new arrivals.

1886: In Poland Yaakov and Pearl Predmesky gave birth to Louis Predmesky who came to New York City in 1922 where he served as a rabbi in the Bronx and was among those who marched in Washington in 1943 in a public demonstration demanding government action to “help save the Jews of Europe.

1886: Birthdate of Madison, SD, native Clare Stephen Jacobs who won a bronze medal for pole vaulting in the 1908 Summer Olympics.

1888(6thof Adar I, 5648): Seventy-two year Lazar Zweifel a “prolific writer and one of the first to use Talmudic and idiomatic Hebrew for the modern poetry which he frequently composed, stanzas being interspersed throughout his works” passed away today.

1888: Birthdate of John U. “Jack” Zuta the Chicago gangster who had the unique distinction of working for both Al Capone and Bugs Moran and whose death unearthed records that helped put away several crooked politicians.

1887: In New York, the Hebrew Technical Institute moved from its location on Crosby Street to its new school building at 34 and 36 Stuyvesant Street. Founded in 1884, the school provides vocational training to young Jews most of whom are the children of recent immigrants.

1890: Ida Cohen (nee Kuhn) and Eduard Cohen gave birth to Albert Cohen.

1890:  In Moscow, according to the Gregorian calendar, Leonid Pasternak, a professor at the Moscow School of Paint, Sculpture and Architecture and concert pianist Rosa Kaufman gave birth to Boris Pasternak, the author of Doctor Zhivago

1891: Birthdate of Polish born Yiddish actor Ludwig Satz (Editor’s note- some sources show him being born on this date in 1895)
http://www.museumoffamilyhistory.com/yt/lex/S/satz-ludwig.htm

1893: “Regulators in Louisiana” published today described “the existence of an oath-bound organization having for its object the banishment of Jewish merchants…and Negroes from Tangipahoa Parish.”  Among those threatened was David Stern, a leading merchant in Amity, LA.

1893: Seventy-year old Gerson von Bleichröder the second generation German-Jewish banker who provided his services to Bismarck and Prussia passed away today.

1894: It was reported today that George Eliot had told American author Charles Godfrey Leland “that in order to write Daniel Deronda she had read through 200 books.” Leland wrote that he “longed to tell her that she had better have learned Yiddish and talked with 200 Jews and been taught, as Iwas by my friend Solomon the Sadducee, the art of distinguishing Fraulein Lowenthal of the Ashkenazim from Senorita Aguado of the Sephardim by the corners of their eyes.” (Daniel Deronda is the philo-Semitic novel written by Mary Anne Evans who used the penname George Eliot.  At the time of this entry, Leland was doing research on gypsies.)

1894: “All Fools’ Day” published claimed that 17th century antiquarian John Brand attributed the origin of April Fool’s Day to the Jews.  According to Brand, Noah sent the dove out of the ark before the waters had abated on a day which corresponds to April 1.  The celebration of fools on this date reminds of the original “fool’s errand” on which Noah sent the Dove.

1894: It was reported today that the late Albert S. Rosenbaum passed away as a result of heart disease which probably does not offer any comfort to the widow and five children who survived him.

1897: In Paris, French author Emil Zola was attacked by a mob on his way home from the court where his case was being heard.  The police were forced to intervene to prevent a lynching.  The frustrated mob then “made a rush for the Jews threatening to throw them into the Seine.”

1900: “The 37thConvention of District No. 4 of the Independent Order of B’Nai B’rith opened today in San Francisco.

1901: Winston Churchill makes his maiden speech in the House of Commons. At the time, Churchill was member of the Conservative Party serving as an MP for Oldham.  In 1904, the Conservatives at Oldham would tell Churchill that they could no longer support him.  This would force Churchill to seek a new constituency which would be Manchester North-West where a third of the voters were Jewish.  This change in political fortune would force Churchill to deal with Jewish political issues for the first, but not the last time, in his career.  For more on this topic you should Sir Martin Gilbert’s highly readable Churchill and the Jews.

1903(21stof Shevat, 5663): Seventy-four year old Moses Mielziner, the Prussian born American rabbi who had been President of the Hebrew Union College since 1900 passed away today and was succeeded by Gotthard Deutsch who filled the position of “acting President.”

1904(2ndof Adar. 5664): Seventy-nine year old composer and pianist Emanuel Abraham Aguilar, the husband of Sarah Aguilar and the brother of novelist Grace Aguilar passed away today in his native city of London.
http://www.unsungcomposers.com/forum/index.php?topic=4174.0

1904: In Florence, Italy, Gilda Borghi and Mario Mordechai Pacifici who descended “from an ancient Sephardic and religious Jewish family of Spanish origin and of rabbinical tradition settled in Tuscany (first in Leghorn, then in Florence) in the 16th century gave birth to Riccardo Pacifici, an Italian rabbi who would be murdered at Auschwitz.

1904: Birthdate of Aubrey Louis Goodman who led Baylor to a SWC championship before leading the University of Chicago to a Big-Ten Championship giving him the unique distinction of being one of the few players to play a key role in winning two different major football championships.

1905: Birthdate of Jean S. Greene, the wife of Philp M. Greene who was buried in Durham, NC when she passed aay in 1992

1906: Dr. Thomas R. Slicer delivered the last of a series of lectures on “Fraternity” at the People’s Institute in Cooper Union, an organization that is unique because it membership includes Jews as well as “Catholic, Protestant, agnostics, atheists and Christian Scientists.”

1907: State Express 111 through State Express a cigarette brand created by London tobacco merchant Sir Albert Levy were all “registered under UK Registration No.290529” today.

1910: In Lithuania, Rabbi Moshe Yom Tov Wachtfogel gave birth to Nosson Meir Wachtfogel who became known as the Lakewood Mashgiach.

1911: Die geschiedene Frau (The Divorcée), “an operetta in three acts with a libretto by Victor Léon, was performed for the first time in Paris as La divorcée

1913: During the Third Republic, when real power was held by the Prime Ministers, Raymond Poincaré becomes President of France. Along with General Pershing (commander of the AEF), Poincare opposed the Armistice contending that Allied armies needed to penetrate deeper into Germany lest the German people not realize that their army had been beaten.  Their view did not prevail.  The German Army marched back into Germany giving rise to the “stabbed in the back” myth that helped Hitler come to power.  During the 1920’s, Poincare intervened on behalf of the Jews of Poland when he convinced the Polish government to refrain from adopting legislation that would have discriminated against her Jewish citizens.

1913: Birthdate of Rabbi Leslie Hardman, “the young chaplain” who was with the British 11thArmoured Division when it liberate Bergen-Belsen.
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/oct/13/secondworldwar-judaism

1913(11thof Adar I, 5673): Isaac Radinski, a Chicago merchant, passed away today.

1913: “The Prisoner of Zenda” the film version of the novel by the same name produced by Adolph Zukor was released in the United States today.

1914: Charles Edward Sebag-Montefiore and Muriel Alice Ruth de Pass gave birth to Denzil Charles Sebag-Montefiore

1915: As of today, the fund of the American Jewish Relief Committee for Sufferers from the War has collected $482, 952.13.

1915: The American cruiser Tennessee arrived in Alexandria carrying refugees “from the coast of Syria” and Palestine who were escaping from the Ottomans.

1915:  The Red Cross Fund which Jacob H. Schiff serves as treasurer increased its total by $1,112.80 bring the total collected to $460, 060.47.

1915: “The development of the educational and social life of Jewish young people and the improvement of the economic conditions through the operation of 200 schools under the auspices of the Alliance Israelite Universelle of Paris were partly described at a memorial meeting” tonight “the founder of the organization, Narcesse Leven.

1916: Birthdate of Maria Victoria Bloch-Bauer, who as Maria Altmann gained fame for her “successful, five decades long fight to regain five Gustav Klimt paintings owned by her family that had been stolen by the Nazis during World War II.

1916: “The Joint Distribution Committee of the Jewish Relief Fund issued a report” today that showed that $2,900,000 has been sent to aid the Jews suffering in the war zones including $1,285,000 to Russia, $860,000 to Poland and Lithuania, $610,000 to Austria-Hungary and $142,000 in Palestine.

1917: Dr. Samuel Schulman is scheduled to speak on “The Problem of American Judaism” this morning at Temple Beth-El.

1917: At the Free Synagogue meeting in Carnegie Hall, Rabbie Wise is scheduled to speak on “Does the Soul Survive?”

1917: Dr. Silverman is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “The Martrydom of the Jews” this moring at Temple Emanu-El on Fifth Avenue.

1917: It was reported today that the American Jewish Relief Committee had received the following contributions from local committees: $1,039, Baltimore; $1,000, Indiana of which $18 came from Wabash; $35, Champagne, Illinois.

1918: Twenty-five year old Aaron Maiberg, a native of Russia who emigrated to Canada in 1912 enlisted today and served with the  38th Battalion of the Royal Fusiliers which was part of “the Jewish Legion.:

1918: Morris Rothenberg, Chairman of the Zionist Committee of New York, presided over the memorial service held in honor of the late Jechiel Tchlenow, the Russian born doctor who passed away in London only months after having participated in the negotiations that produced the Balfour Declaration.

1919: In Chicago, on the final evening  of the Zionist Convention, Meyer Abrams is scheduled to chair a special session at the Hebrew Institute where all of the papers including The Jewish State,” “The Zion Commonwealth” and “The Jerusalem Printing Works” will be presented in the Hebrew language.

1920: The Jewish Court of Arbitration held its first session

1924: Birthdate of Canadian born actress Bessie Hope Wolfe Garber who “hosted the Canadian television show, At Home with Hope Garber.

1927: Birthdate of Michael “Mike” Harari, the sabra who became an officer in Mossad.
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/28/world/middleeast/michael-harari-israeli-agent-likened-to-james-bond-dies-at-87.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&version=HpHedThumbWell&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

 1927: The London Gazette reported from Whitehall that “Letters Patent have passed the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, granting the Dignity of a Baronet of the said United Kingdom to the undermentioned gentlemen and the heirs male of their respective lawfully begotten: Sir Joseph Duveen, of Millbank in the City of Westminster”

1929: First Academy Awards are announced. “Broadway Melody” produced by Irving Thalberg was named Best Picture for 1928 – 1929. “All Quiet on the Western Front” directed by Lewis Milestone was named Best Picture of 1929-1930.

1929: In Brooklyn, Lena and Max Weinrib gave birth to Jerome Weinrib, the retired chairman of ABC Carpet
http://www.palmbeachdailynews.com/news/local-obituaries/jerome-weinrib-abc-carpet-chairman-dies/PiZUMURMn5cDSFVpTAnQfP/

https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/17/business/jerome-weinrib-abc-carpets-old-school-proprietor-dies-at-86.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

1930: Birthdate of St. Louis native James Leslie “Jimmy” Jacobs the multi-talented athlete who concentrated on handball and managing boxers – a passion which to him co-founding the production companies “The Greatest Fights of the Century” and “Big Fights, Inc.”
http://www.nytimes.com/1988/03/24/obituaries/jim-jacobs-tyson-s-co-manager-and-handball-titlist-dies-at-58.html

1930: Richard Rodgers and Lorenz Hart's "Simple Simon" premieres in New York

1931(1stof Adar, 5691): Rosh Chodesh Adar

1931(1stof Adar, 5691): Fifty year old Russian born American actor Louis Wolheim who gave a memorable performance in “All Quiet on the Western Front” passed away today.

1931: King Levinsky fought a four round exhibition with former Heavy Weight Champion Jack Dempsey. Levinsky the scion of a Jewish family from Chicago that had a fish business on Maxwell Street

1932:  Birthdate of Czech born film director Milos Forman.  Forman’s father was Jewish but his mother was not.  They died in the camps.

1932: O.R. Miller of Albany, “an official of the New York Civic League” was reported today to be one of those wishing to testify against the confirmation of Judge Benjamin N. Cardoza who has been nominated by President Hoover to serve as an Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court.

1933: Marinus van der Lubbe, the man who will be accused of setting the Reichstag Fire, arrived in Berlin. There are those who contend the fire was really set by the Nazis.  Regardless, they used it as tool to consolidate their power weeks after Hitler became Chancellor.

1933: “The Mystery of the Wax Museum” a horror film directed by Michael Curtiz was released in the United States today.

1934(3rd of Adar, 5694): “Dr. Heinrich York Steiner, Hungarian Jewish writer, friend of Dr. Theodore Herzl” and one of the founders of the Zionist movement passed away today at the age of 75.  Dr. York-Steiner, who was born in Hungary, spent most of his life in Vienna.  Known as a novelist, critic and dramatist, he became friendly with Dr. Herzl as a young man and worked closely with him to form Zionist groups. He played an important part in the creation of the World Zionist Organization.”

1935: Nineteen days after premiere in New York City, “The Good Fairy,” a comedy directed by William Wyler and produced by Carl Laemmle, Jr. was released in the United States today.

1936: As a result of the assassination of Swiss Nazi leader Wilhelm Gustloff on February 4, today, “the Swiss Federal Council ordered…the immediate suppression of all central or regional German Nazi organizations in Switzerland.”

1936: New York Governor Herbert H. Lehman was among the speakers at tonight’s fellowship dinner sponsored by the National Committee for Religion and Welfare Recovery where he told attendees “that something seemed to be wrong with the social as well as the economic order of the nation” and “called upon Protestants, Catholics and Jews to join in a new spiritual awakening…”

1936: Invitations were sent today to forty national leaders asking them to attend a meeting in Cincinnati called by Felix Warburg where plans will be made for raising the three and a half million dollars that the Jewish Joint Distribution Committee has promised to provide assistance to refugees from Eastern and Central Europe.

1936: In a reorganization of the League of Nations High Commission for Refugees Coming From Germany, for now, Norman Bentwich, the director of the High Commission, a professor at the Hebrew University and former Attorney-General of Palestine will be responsible for providing economic assistance to the refugees.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that owing to German influence there had been in recent months a concentrated Italian drive against the appointment of Jews to leading positions in the economic and political life of the state.

1938: “The Baroness and the Butler” a romantic comedy featuring J. Edward Bromberg and Joseph Schildkraut was released in the United States today.

1938: “A Yank At Oxford” produced by Michael Balcon was released in the United States today.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that there were three successive Arab attacks on the Rana police post, near Acre. Some 150 Arab villagers in the Tulkarm area were arrested in connection with a number of recent railway sabotages.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that Maestro Toscanini had withdrawn from participating in the Nazi-dominated Salzburg Festival and announced his intention to come and conduct the Orchestra in Palestine.

1938(17th of Adar I, 5698): Seventy-three year old Vilna native “Joseph Polstein, a retired builder, a former president of Congregation Kehilath Jershurum in Manhattan and a director of Yeshiva College died today of pneumonia in his home” today.

1939(29th of Shevat, 5699): Parashat Mishpatim and Shabbat Shekalim

1939: Rabbi B. Benedict Glazer is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “Brotherhood, Is It a Delusion?” at Temple Emanu-El today.

1939: The Central Synagogue in Manhattan is scheduled to hold its “annual Youth Service in honor of the eleventh annual convention of the New York State Federation of Young Folks’ Leagues” that will include a sermon by Saul B. Applebaum on “Youth’s Aged Problems.”

1939: In observance of “Brotherhood Sabbath,” Rev. C. Jeffares McCombe, pastor of the Methodist Church of St. Paul and St. Andrew is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “The Common Task of Christian and Jew” at Temple Rodeph Sholom.

1940: In Warsaw, two Jewish girls were raped by two German sergeants.

1942: Birthdate of Maurice Lévy, the Moroccan born French businessman who became “chief executive officer of Publicus.”
http://www.wsj.com/articles/publicis-extends-maurice-levys-term-as-ceo-1410852508

1943: A group of 1,220 Jewish refugees from Poland arrived in Israel from Tehran where they had found refuge in 1942
http://www1.yadvashem.org/odot_pdf/Microsoft%20Word%20-%205872.pdf

1943: Joseph Goebbels gave his Total War speech which should have put an end to any later claims that the Allies were wrong in pursuing a policy of Unconditional Surrender when fighting the Axis.

1943(13thof Adar I, 5703): Seventy-four year old Dutch trade unionist Henri Polak who was President of the General Diamond Workers’ Union of the Netherlands died of pneumonia in Laren following which his wife Milly was shipped to Westerbrork where she died.

1943: The Nazis arrest the members of the White Rose movement.  The White Rose movement was an anti-Nazi movement inspired by German students.  It is important to remember that there were those in Germany who opposed Hitler and were willing to risk their lives to express that opposition. 

1944: Lightweight Al Davis scored his last victory over “a name fighter” today.

1945: The last of six convoys of deportees arrived at The Langenstein-Zwieberge, an under-camp of the Buchenwald concentration camp. 

1946: A clandestine radio transmitter known as the “Voice of Free Israel” that is reportedly operated by the Stern Gang was seized in Tel Aviv after “a house to house search by British Soldiers and police officers.”

1946: Clemens August Galen was named as a Cardinal.  During World War II, while serving as the Bishop of Munster (Germany), he opposed the Nazis.

1947: Birthdate of Eliot Engel, Congressman representing New York’s 17th District.

1947: “A Flag is Born” was scheduled to open in Boston, MA.

1948: “Mr. Roberts” featuring Steven Hill, Larry Blyden and Sam Lembeck as “Sam Insigna” opened on Broadway today.

1949: Eamon de Valera resigns as Taoiseach (head of government) of Ireland. The controversial Irish leader was rumored to have been the illegitimate son of a Portuguese Jew, a rumor he vehemently denied. However de Valera was not an anti-Semite as can be seen by his support in 1937 for a provision in the Irish Constitution that explicitly recognized the existence and rights of the Jewish community in Ireland.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that the Knesset approved, by 79 votes to 16, the government's statement on the ruptured relations with the Soviet Union. The resolution upheld the role the Soviet Union played in the establishment of Israel in 1948, but found no justification for the Soviet role in breaking off the diplomatic relations between the two countries now. Mass meetings in New York asked the Soviet Union to "Let My People Go!"

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that in London the House of Commons backed the British government's decision to continue selling jet fighters to Arab nations to the exclusion of Israel.

1954: “The Long, Long Trailer” a comedy produced by Pandro S. Berman was released in the United States today.

1955: Pinchas Lavon’s resignation as Defense Minister is accepted.

1955: David Ben Gurion agrees to come out of retirement and serve as Defense Minister.  Four months later he will also agree to serve as Prime Minister.

1957(17th of Adar I, 5717): “Two civilians were killed by landmines, next to Nir Yitzhak, on the southern border of the Gaza Strip.”

1959(11th of Adar I, 5719): Fifty-three year old Viennese composer Erich Zeisl who came to New York via Paris after the Anschluss passed away today.
http://www.zeisl.com/
http://orelfoundation.org/index.php/composers/article/eric_zeisl/

1963 After premiering in London in January, “Summer Holiday” a musical with a score by Stanley Black was released in the rest of the UK today.

1963(24th of Shevat, 5723):Shlomo-Yisrael Ben-Meir began serving as serving as a Deputy Speaker and the Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs

1965(15th of Adar I, 5725): Eight-six year old Paul Sachs, the Assistant Director of the Fogg Art Museum and founding member of The Museum of Modern Art who played a key role in making plans for protecting American art during WWII and retrieving art from war torn Europe as described in The Monument Men passed away today.
http://harvardmagazine.com/2002/09/portrait-of-the-artist-a.html
http://www.moma.org/learn/resources/archives/EAD/Sachsf

1966(28th of Shevat, 5726): Fifty-seven year old Robert Rossen, the director of the Oscar winning picture “All the King’s Men” passed away today.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USArossen.htm

1967(8th of Adar I, 5727): Robert Oppenheimer passed away.  The famed physicist was director of the Manhattan Project and is one of those referred to as the father of the Atomic Bomb.
http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/0422.html

1969: The PLO attacked El-Al plane in Zurich Switzerland.  Long before 9/11, the Israelis were forced to deal with a level of vicious terrorism aimed at strangling their avenues of commerce and tourist industry.  As a result of the PLO attacks, the Israelis were the first to put sky marshals on their flights and to do in depth pre-screening of all passengers.  And yes, the head of the PLO was Yassar Arafat, the "partner for peace." 

1969(30th of Shevat, 5729): Rosh Chodesh Adar

1969(30th of Shevat, 5729): Mieczyslaus Zagajski, a native of Poland who came to the United States during WWII after which he became an industrialist and “collect of Jewish ceremonies objects’ Passed away today in Palm Beach, FL.

1969: BBC2 broadcast a dramatization of The Naked Sun by Isaac Asimov

1970:  The Chicago Eight, including Abbe Hoffman and Jerry Rubin, were found not guilty of charges relating to the riots at the 1968 Democratic Convention held in Chicago.

1973: A headline in the New York Times read "Half Baghdad's Jews Said to Apply to Leave; Property Seized."  "Half the members of the tiny Jewish community in Baghdad have applied for passports to leave Iraq in recent weeks in the face of a crackdown by Iraqi authorities, according to a first day account.

1973: In Montreal's Spanish and Portuguese Synagogue, Naim Kattan, an Iraqi-born Jew spoke at a memorial and protest rally for nine more Jews who had been murdered in Baghdad.  (page 300 for the dead)

1974: Valery Panov was threatened with further punishment unless he left the Soviet Union “immediately without his wife.”

1976(17th of Adar I, 5736): Seventy-seven year old John Barsha, the native of Russia originally known as Abraham Barshofsky who played basketball and football for Syracuse University before turning pro while in law school passed away today.

1976: In Brussels, the Second World Conference of Jewish Communities on Soviet Jewry continued for a second day.

1980: In Moscow, Ilya Spektor, is a photographer and amateur violinist and Bella Spektor, a professor in a Soviet college of music gave birth to singer-songwriter and pianist Regina Spektor.
http://jwa.org/thisweek/feb/18/1980/this-week-in-history-singer-songwriter-regina-spektor-is-born

1981(14thof Adar I, 5741) Purim Katan

1981: Israel's 60,000 teachers, who earn an average of $110 a week, staged a one-day strike today to press for a wage increase promised by the Government. The Government's decision in principle last month to grant the raise brought the resignation of Finance Minister Yigal Hurvitz, which resulted in the Government coalition losing its majority in Parliament. Negotiations, however, have continued.

1982(25thof Shevat, 5742): Ninety-two year old multi-talented musician Nathaniel Shilkret passed away today.
http://www.bach-cantatas.com/Bio/Shilkret-Nat.htm
http://www.collateralworks.com/linernotes/natshilkret.html

1983(5thof Adar, 5743): Eighty-two year old Leopold Godowsky, Jr. the American violinist who held to create Kodachrome passed away.
http://www.invent.org/hall_of_fame/233.html

1983: “The King of Comedy” co-starring Jerry Lewis, Tony Randall and Sandra Berhnhard was released in the United States today.

1983: For the final time Stage 23 at Paramount Studios in Los Angeles for the taping of an episode of “Taxi.”

1983: “Lovesick” a comedy featuring “the ghost of Dr. Sigmund Freud” with a cast that included Ron Silver, Alan King, Selma Diamond and Larry Rivers was released in the United States today.

1988(30th of Shevat, 5748): Rosh Chodesh Adar

1990: Dozens of supporters are planning to lie down across the road here in front of Ariel Sharon's northern Negev ranch this morning to stop him from driving to Jerusalem for the Cabinet meeting where he plans to resign. But as the former general sees it, by resigning as Industry and Trade Minister he is not leaving; he is simply opening a new front. And the goal of this new campaign, he said in an interview, is to be Israel's next prime minister replacing Yitzhak Shamir.

1992(14th of Adar I, 5752): Purim Katan

1995: Actor Bodhi Elfman, the “only child of filmmaker Richard Elfman” got married today.

1997: Janet Yellen began serving as Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers under President Clinton.

1997(11th of Adar I, 5757): Ninety-two year old Emily Hahn, the St. Louis born author best known for her writings about China passed away today.
http://www.nytimes.com/1997/02/19/arts/emily-hahn-chronicler-of-her-own-exploits-dies-at-92.html
http://www.susanbkason.com/2015/04/05/emily-hahn/#.WKZpKluQx9A

1999(2nd of Adar, 5759): Comedic actor and director Noam Pitlik passed away.

2000: “The Whole Nine Yards” a really off-beat comedy featuring Kevin Pollak and with music by Randy Edelman was released today in the United States.

2001: The New York Times published an op-ed essay explaining the pardon of Marc Rich which did not mention the donations of almost two million dollars that Denise Rich had made to the Democratic Party, Hillary Clinton’s senatorial campaign or the Clinton Library.
http://www.nytimes.com/2001/02/18/opinion/18CLIN.html?ex=1180238400&en=ddafe39be7a1b417&ei=5070&pagewanted=all

2002(6th of Adar I, 5762):Ahuva Amergi (30), Maj. Mor Elraz (25), St.-Sgt. Amir Mansouri and unidentified woman were murdered today by members of Fatah’s Al-Aqsa Brigade who opened fire on the car driven by the woman and then hit the two soldiers who came to her aid.

2003: (16th of Adar I, 5763) Isser Harel, head of Mossad from 1952 until 1963, passed away.  He was in charge of the operation that brought Eichmann to Israel to stand trial.

2005(9th of Adar I, 5765): Lee Kahn passed away at the age of 101. She was one of the siblings of Helen Reichert, all of whom were centenarians.

2006: Shabbat Shekalim, the Sabbath of the Shekel.

2007: The 23rd International Book Fair opens in Jerusalem

2007: The Sunday New York Times book section featured a review of French Seduction: An American’s Encounter With France, Her Father, and the Holocaustby Eunice Lipton.

2007: The Sunday Washington Post book section “Poet’s Choice” by Robert Pinksy features a commentary on "The Amen Stone" and The Jewish Time Bomb" that appeared in Yehuda Amichai's last collection of poems, Open Closed Open.

2007: The Sunday Chicago Tribune book section included a review of Amanda Vaill's Somewhere, a biography of Jerome Wilson Rabinowitz who came to be known as Jerome Robbins the man who “conquered--and in many ways defined--both the musical and modern American ballet, a genius by nature…” 

2008: Three days after being released on the Continent "New Soul" a song by the French-Israeli R&B/soul singer Yael Naïm, was released today in the United Kingdom.

2008: In New York, Dror will perform his graduation Recital at Mannes Concert Hall.The program includes the favorites of all times- Beethoven's Waldstein Sonata and Chopin's 'Funeral March' Sonata.Dror will perform his graduation Recital at Mannes Concert Hall.The program includes the favorites of all times- Beethoven's Waldstein Sonata and Chopin's 'Funeral March' Sonata.Dror will perform his graduation Recital at Mannes Concert Hall.The program includes the favorites of all times- Beethoven's Waldstein Sonata and Chopin's 'Funeral March' Sonata.Dror will perform his graduation Recital at Mannes Concert Hall.The program includes the favorites of all times- Beethoven's Waldstein Sonata and Chopin's 'Funeral March' Sonata.Dror will perform his graduation Recital at Mannes Concert Hall.The program includes the favorites of all times- Beethoven's Waldstein Sonata and Chopin's 'Funeral March' Sonata.Dror will perform his graduation Recital at Mannes Concert Hall.The program includes the favorites of all times- Beethoven's Waldstein Sonata and Chopin's 'Funeral March' Sonata.Dror will perform his graduation Recital at Mannes Concert Hall.The program includes the favorites of all times- Beethoven's Waldstein Sonata and Chopin's 'Funeral March' Sonata.Dror will perform his graduation Recital at Mannes Concert Hall.The program includes the favorites of all times- Beethoven's Waldstein Sonata and Chopin's 'Funeral March' Sonata.Dror will perform his graduation Recital at Mannes Concert Hall.The program includes the favorites of all times- Beethoven's Waldstein Sonata and Chopin's 'Funeral March' Sonata.Dror will perform his graduation Recital at Mannes Concert Hall.The program includes the favorites of all times- Beethoven's Waldstein Sonata and Chopin's 'Funeral March' Sonata.Dror will perform his graduation Recital at Mannes Concert Hall.The program includes the favorites of all times- Beethoven's Waldstein Sonata and Chopin's 'Funeral March' Sonata.Drior Baitel performs his graduation recital at Mannes Concert Hall. 

2008: In the United States, FBI  domestic terror squads remain on the alert for any threats against synagogues and other potential Jewish targets in the United States after the assassination of the top Hezbollah commander Imad Mughniyah and the movement's leader threatened to attack Israeli and Jewish institutions around the world.

2009: In, Manhattan’s East Village, the fourth and final part of a four part seriesThe Comedy and Kabbalah of Relationships featuring Rabbi YY Jacobson

2009: At New York University, Professor Yoram Peri, head of the Chaim Herzog Institute for Media, Politics and Society at Tel Aviv University delivers a public lecture entitled "New Leadership in Israel and the Peace Process"

2009: Today, the IDF announced that apples grown by Israeli farmers in the Golan Heights will be exported to Syria.

2009: The New York Times reported that the American Tennis Channel will not televise the Barclays Dubai Tennis Championships this week to protest the United Arab Emirates' refusal to grant an entry visa to Israeli player Shahar Peer

2009: Holocaust survivors voiced criticism of Yad Vashem's announcement that it will bestow its highest honor on Wilm Hosenfeld, a Nazi officer who helped save a Polish Jew, whose story became the basis for the film The Pianist.

2010: The 92ndSt Y is scheduled to present another in the series Spiritual Journeys: Feminine Reflections on the Rhythms of Our Lives entitled “Adar: Increasing Joy” with   Rabbi Joyce Reinitz.

2010: Today, while the media is filled with stories about supposed Israeli responsibility for the death of Hamas leader in Dubai, Israeli tennis player Shahar Peer advanced to the semifinals of the Dubai Championship, after beating 10th seed Na Li in the quarterfinal match

2010: An IDF soldier was lightly wounded today by a bomb which exploded near a patrol unit on the security fence near the central Gaza Strip.

2010: Terrorists hurled a Molotov cocktail at an Israeli bus in Gush Etzion yesterday evening. There were no casualties, but the bus was damaged.

2010: The Washington Post features a review of Bible Babel: Making Sense of the Most Talked About Book of All Time by Kristin Swenson in which the reviewer recommends “Robert Alter’s books…as well as the exhilarating Richard Elliot Friedman’s Who Wrote the Bible?

2011: Einsatzgruppen The Death Brigades, the “harrowing two-part documentary meticulously details the Nazi killing squads charged with destroying entire Jewish populations in occupied Eastern Europe during WWII” is scheduled to be shown at the Atlanta Jewish Film Festival.

2011: A Small Act is scheduled to be shown at the 21st Annual San Diego Jewish Film Festival.

2011: The Portland Jazz Festival is scheduled to start today. “This year's theme is 'Bridges and Boundaries', which refers to bridging the two minority communities of Jewish Americans and African Americans.”

2011: A German prosecutor said today that he has opened a murder investigation against a key witness in the trial of alleged Nazi war criminal John Demjanjuk. The probe is based on evidence Alex Nagorny may have been involved in mass killings at the Nazis'

2011: Friends and family celebrate the birthday of Joel Barnum, an un-presupposing pillar of the Cedar Rapids Jewish Community.

2011: The United States used its veto this afternoon to block a Security Council resolution declaring Israel’s settlement construction in the West Bank illegal. (As reported by Neil MacFarquhar)

2011: In “Auschwitz Shifts From Memorializing to Teaching,” Michael Kimmelman described the changing role of the site of the worst of the Death Camps.
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/19/arts/19auschwitz.html?pagewanted=all

2012: Shabbat Shekalim, 5772

2012: “Yoo-Hoo, Mrs. Goldbeerg is scheduled to be shown at Beth El Temple Center in Belmont, MA

2012: “Jewish Soldiers in Blue and Gray” is scheduled to be shown at Congregation Beth-El Jewish Film Festival in Fort Worth, TX!

2012: In Iowa City, Hillel is scheduled to present a concert by University of Iowa School of Music faculty members, Uriel Tsachor and Rachel Joselson.

2012: Palestinian terrorists in Gaza took advantage of stormy weather conditions to fire rockets towards large southern cities in Israel. A Grad-type rocket was launched in the direction of the Negev's largest city, Beersheba, today triggering air raid sirens.

2012: British Foreign Secretary William Hague said that Iran is clearly trying to develop a nuclear weapons capability, and if it succeeds it will set off a dangerous round of nuclear proliferation across the Middle East while the Chairman of the US Joint Chiefs of Staff, Army General Martin Dempsey said that an Israeli strike on Iran "wouldn’t achieve its long-term objectives" and would be "destabilizing."

2013: In London, Professor Neil Gregor is scheduled to deliver a lecture entitled “Mockery as Politics: The Degenerate Art Exhibition, 1937” in which he examines how the Degenerate Art Exhibition of 1937 was used to prepare people intellectually for the Holocaust

2013: Hadassah’s National Center for Attorneys’ Councils and the Greater Washington Area Chapter Attorneys’ Council are scheduled to host a dinner honor those who are to be sworn into the U.S. Supreme Court

2013: At Tulane University, the second and final day of “Jewish Secular Utopias and Distopias in Central and Eastern Europe” co-sponsored by Dr. Brian Horowitz and Dr. Andrew Solin

2013: At Brandeis University, a two-day conference “Zionism in the Twenty-First Century” is scheduled to come to an end.

2013: “Religious Studies and Rabbinics” a conference designed to promote dialogue between the fields of religious studies and rabbinics is scheduled to open at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, Va.

2013: President Shimon Peres today announced that he will present his American counterpart with the Presidential Medal of Distinction during his March stay in Israel.

2013: Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu today sent Pope Benedict XVI a letter of appreciation on behalf of the State of Israel, a week after the pontiff announced his imminent resignation from office. Benedict said he would step down as head of the Catholic Church at the end of February.

2013(8thof Adar, 5773): Eighty-three year old legal scholar Alan F. Westin passed away today. (As reported by Margalit Fox)
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/23/us/alan-f-westin-scholar-who-defined-right-to-privacy-dies-at-83.html?hpw&_r=0

2014: The Skirball Center is scheduled to present another in the series of lectures by Dr. Daniel Rynhold entitled “Rav Kook and the Heroism of the Holy.”

2014: “The Zigzag Kid” is scheduled to be shown at the David Posnack Jewish Community Center’s Jewish Film Festival.

2014: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to present “American Jerusalem: Jews and the Making of San Francisco.”

2014: Friends and family celebrate the natal day of Joel Barnum, one of those quite “pillars” of the Cedar Rapids Jewish Community.

2014: “Hungarian rabbi said today he had uncovered 103 Torah scrolls stolen from Hungarian Jews during World War Two and stashed in a Russian library, adding he planned to restore and return them to the Jewish community.”

2014: “Two rockets fired from war-torn Syria struck the Golan Heights in northern Israel today, shortly after a secret visit to the area by Israeli Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu, the army said.”   

2014: A three-day long on-line marathon brainstorming session sponsored by the Israeli government to Plan the Future of the Jewish People is scheduled to come to an end.

2015: In Buenos Aires, a group of prosecutors are scheduled to hold a march in memory of Alberto Nisamn the prosecutor who died “mysteriously” while “seeking to charge President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner with shielding Iranians from responsibility over the 1994 bombing of Jewish community center.

2015: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to present a performance of “"Don't Cry, We'll All Meet on the Other Side," explores the story of Jewish Life in Communist Romania in the aftermath of the Holocaust

2015: Cellist Elad Kabilio is scheduled to “a musical journey through Modeling the Synagogue – from Dura to Touro.”

2015: “Above and Beyond” is scheduled to be shown at the Oregon Jewish Museum and Center for Holocaust Education.
http://www.ojmche.org/experience/film-2015-02-18-above-and-beyond

 2016: In Jerusalem Ariel Ben Abraham is scheduled to discuss his book God’s Love, a book inspired in the Chassidic approach to God's love.

2016(9thof Adar I, 5776): Twenty-one yeaer old Tuvia Yanai Weissman, “an IDF soldier” was stabbed terrorists in a supermarket today.

2016: The Estonian Israeli Music Festival is scheduled to begin in Tel Aviv. 

2017(22ndof Shevat, 5777): Parashat Yitro

2017(22ndof Shevat, 5777): On the Jewish calendar, yahrzeit of Rabbi Menachem Mendel of Kotzk
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/rabbi-menachem-mendel-of-kotzk

2017: “Wounded Land” and “Kapo in Jerusalem” are scheduled to be shown at the 27thAnnual San Diego Jewish Film Festival.

2017: As part of their visit to Israel, a group of players from the National Football League (NFL) are scheduled to play players from the Israeli Football Association in an exhibition game today.

2017: At the second day of Limmud NY, following a wide variety of Shabbat morning services, Efraim Chalamish is scheduled to lead a discussion on “The Chinese Revolution and the Jewish State in 2016” and “David Gedzelman is scheduled to lead a discussion on “Constructing a News Zionism for the 21st Century on Old Foundations: What Do Gordon, Kaplan and Buber Have to Teach Us?”

2017: This evening, in Jerusalem, Eliah Zabaly is scheduled to perform a “piano solo recital dedicated to Aldo Ciccolini” who passed away in 2015.

2017: As Shabbat came to an end, the lights came on at Turner Stadium as Hapoel Beer Sheva owned by Alona Barakat, “the only woman to own a professional soccer team in Israel,” prepared for another match

2018: Friends and family celebrate the natal of Joel Barnum, a mesnsh in the truest sense of the word, a “great” grandfather and one of the few people who can put the mysteries of technology into understandable English.

2018: The University of Iowa Hillel is scheduled to an outing “at the boutique Southport Lanes bowling alley in Chicago.

2018: In New Orleans, The JCC Uptown Classic 5 K and Family Fun Run are scheduled to start at 8:30 at Audobon Park.

2018: “Russian Jews Part Two: 1918-1948,” “the second part of a documentary trilogy that charts the fascinating and complex history of the Jewish community in Russia throughout the centuries” is scheduled to be shown at Cineworld Didsbury in Manchester.

2018: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Ukrainian Night: An Intimate History of Revolution by Marci Shore, The Triumph of Christianity: How a Forbidden Religion Swept the World by Bart D. Ehrman and Baby Monkey, Private Eye by Brian Selznick and David Serlin.

 

 

 

 

 

This Day, February 19, In Jewish History by Mitchell A. Levin

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February 19

197: Emperor Septimius Severus defeated the usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum, Severus was trying to use syncretism to maintain imperial unity and authority.  Since Jews, as well as Christian, resisted this concept, the Emperor outlawed conversion to either of these religions. 

356: Following in the footsteps of his father Constantine the Great Constantius II closed all pagan temples. During his reign, he would also issue a series of edicts designed to limit the economic and social activities of Jews. All of this was part of the drive to make Christianity the state religion which would then serve as a unifying force for the empire that was past its zenith.

607: Boniface III is named Pope.  His papacy only lasted for nine months but during that time he “ensured that the title of ‘Universal Bishop’ belonged exclusively to the Bishop of Rome” thus ensuring the primacy of the Pope as head of the Catholic Church. The impact of this decision would indirectly affect the Jews for centuries to come as they were forced to deal with Church sponsored persecution and/or to seek Papal protection from a variety of murderous enemies.

842: The Medieval Iconoclastic Controversy ended, when a Council in Constantinople formally reinstated the veneration of images (icons) in the churches. This debate over icons is often considered the last event which led to the Great Schism between the Eastern and Western Churches. This split continues to this day between the Roman Catholics and the Eastern Orthodox.  As those studying in Cedar Rapids now know, many of the things done to the Jews by Christians were by-products of these various squabbles between various Christian sects.

1090: In Speyer, Germany, Emperor Henry IV renewed to Rabbi Judah ben Kalonymus, the poet David ben Meshullam, and Rabbi Moses ben Yekuthiel the pledges granted six years earlier by Bishop Ruediger. In addition the emperor guaranteed the Jews freedom of trade in his empire as well as his protection. Within six years Speyer became one of the first communities on the Rhine to be attacked. After the attacks Rabbi Moses took it upon himself to care for and protect the orphans created by this violence

1229: During the Sixth Crusade: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor signed “a ten-year truce with al-Kamil, regaining Jerusalem, Nazareth, and Bethlehem with neither military engagements nor support from the Pope Gregory IX.” The Sixth Crusade is remembered as one that did not result in the massive slaughter of Jews in Europe or Palestine. Gregory is remember as the Pope who created the dreaded institution known as the Inquisition. During his reign, Frederick “decided to combine the manufacturing of silk and the dying trades and to give them over to a number of Jewish families. For many years both of these industries were “almost the exclusive activities of Jews in Sicily, Naples, and other parts of Italy” which were part of the Holy Roman Empire.

1461: Birthdate of Cardinal Domenico Grimani who was a close enough friend of Rabbi Obadiah ben Jacob Sforno that he recommended him to those who were looking for a Hebrew teacher.

1539: The Jews of Tyrnau Hungary (then Trnava Czechoslovakia) who had “first been punished for alleged ritual murder” were expelled today.  In case you had not noticed, there seems to be an expulsion somewhere on almost every day of the year. 

1543: Paull III issued “Illius, quo pro dominici,” the Papal Bull that enable the Vatican to establish the House of Catechumens (Casa dei Catecumeni). The purpose of the house, supported by Jewish taxation was solely to convert Jews. Those sent there were subjected to 40 days of intense “instruction”. If after that time he still refused baptism he was allowed to return to his home – few did. Until it was abolished in 1810 around 2440 Jews were converted in Rome alone. Other houses were set up in various Italian cities. On this same day three Portuguese Marranos from Ferrara were burned in Rome's Campo dei Fiori.

1560: The third volume of the Zohar was printed for the first time in Mantua, Italy

1583(27th of Shevat): In Italy, Joseph Saralbo was burned at the stake at the command of Pope Gregory XIII. Saralbo was accused of returning to Judaism and of trying to convince other Marranos in Ferrara to join him. According to reports he proudly proclaimed that he had helped 800 Marranos return to Judaism.  He asked the Jews of Rome not to mourn for him stating “I am on my way to meet immortality.”

 1594: King Sigismund III ruler of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is crowned King of Sweden. Under King Sigismund’s rule, conditions for Polish and Lithuanian Jews continued to deteriorate.  Such could not be said of his Swedish realm since there was no Jewish community in Sweden at this time.

1674:  England and the Netherlands sign the Peace of Westminster, ending the Third Anglo-Dutch War. A provision of the agreement transfers the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam to England, which renamed it New York.  If the war had turned out otherwise, comedians would have been talking about New Amsterdam Jews instead of New York Jews. Think of Seinfeld in Dutch.

1707(17th of Adar l, 5467): Jonah Abravanel, “a learned and highly respected” member of the Amsterdam Jewish community passed away. [Jonah Abravanel was a fairly a common name and this individual should not be confused with  the16th century poet who was the son of the physician Joseph Abravanel, and a nephew of Manasseh ben Israel]

1732: In Cambridge, UK, Johanna Bentley and Dr. Denison Cumberland gave birth to dramatist Richard Cumberland, author of “The Jew of Magadore” and “The Jew,” “the first playing the English theatre to portray a Jewish moneylender as the hero of a stage production.” In 2012, the play was published as “Sheva, the Benevolent.”

1740(22nd of Shevat): Rabbi Jacob ben Benjamin Papiers of Frankfort author of Shev Ya’akov passed away.

1758: Birthdate of Austrian educator Peter Beer.

1810(15th of Adar I, 5570): David Friedrichsfeld, the native of Berlin who went to Amsterdam in 1781 to fight for the emancipation of the Jews and whose written works included a biography of fellow Hebraist Naphtali Hirz Wessely, passed away today.

1815: Yitzchak Alter and Feigele Lipschitz gave birth to Abraham Mordka Alter.

1819: Under the influence of Rabbi Moses Münz, Rabbi Aron Chorin “recalled” Ḳin'at ha-Emet (Zeal for Truth), a paper written on April 7, 1818, and published in the collection Nogah ha-Ẓedeḳ (Light of Righteousness),” in which “he declared himself in favor of reforms, such as German prayers, the use of the organ, and other liturgical modifications. The principal prayers, the Shema', and the eighteen benedictions, however, should be said in Hebrew, he declared, as this language keeps alive the belief in the restoration of Israel. He also pleaded for opening the temple for daily service.” A year later he would publish Dabar be-'Itto (A Word in Its Time), in which he reaffirmed the views expressed in Ḳin'at ha-Emet, and pleaded strongly for the right of Reform.

1825: Birthdate of Abraham Pereira Mendes, the native of Kingston, Jamaica who was trained in London by Rabbi David Meldola and Rabbi D.A. de Sola and who led several Sephardic congregations in the United Kingdom and the United States.

1834: Jacob David Davis married Dinah Alexander at the Great Synagogue today.

1835: Birthdate of Austrian Rabbi Moritz Güdemann who passed away in 1918.  

1843: A committee of representatives, including eight from the Great Synagogue, met under the chairmanship of Isaac Cohen in the Vestry room in Duke's Place

1843: In Madrid, Salvatore Patti and Salvatore Patti gave birth to Adelina Patti, the 19thcentury opera start who was discovered by Jewish impresario Max Maretzek.

1848: Thirty-year old Emanuel Nunes Carvalho and Caroline A. Carvalho gave birth to Isaac Woolf Nunes Carvalho

1850: In Hamburg, Emma Simon and Louis Bernheim gave birth to German historian Ernst Bernheim who would lose his position when he fell afoul of the Nazi racial laws.

1854: In Charleston, SC, W.J. Jacobi, Esq., married Hester E. Hertz, “the eldest daughter of the late Jacob Hertz.”

1856: During the current session of the New York Legislature,today Mr. Brooks gave notice that he planned to introduce a bill "to increase the number of trustees of the Jews Hospital" in New York City.

1857: Moses Polydore Millaud, the French banker who owned La Presse“hosted a banquet for the Goncourt brothers, but later that year he was faced with financial difficulties and sold the newspaper to Felix Solar.”

1858: Birthdate of mechanical engineer Ernest D. Lowy, the native of London who married Henrietta Solomon, the daughter of Joseph Solomon in 1886 and whose activities in the Jewish community included serving as a Warden of the West London Synagogue and a member of the Jewish Board of Guardians.

1861: As part of his reforms, Czar Alexander II abolished serfdom. Although the Jews were not directly affected by the emancipation of the serfs, they benefited from other reforms initiated by Alexander II including putting an end to the drafting of Jews into the Russian Army and the opening of some educational institutions and occupations to the Jews of Russia.  This gave rise to the masklim movement in Russia.  Unfortunately, all of this came to an end when the Czar was assassinated in 1881 which led to Pogroms and reactionary regimes.

1863: An article published today entitled “The Doom of Memphis” described the desperate economic conditions in Memphis including the fact that many of the city’s prominent businessman have joined the retreating Rebel Army and their homes have been occupied by “military Generals or Hebrews, who have turned them into Sutlers' establishments.

1867: In New York City, Robert Weeks Nathan and Anne Augusta Florance gave birth Annie Nathan who married Dr. Alfred Meyer and gained fame as Annie Nathan Meyer, a founder of Bernard College and American author whose works included Women’s Work in America and Helen Brent, M.D.

1870: In Brooklyn, Congregation Beth Elohim which had been conducted services in “the traditional manner” adopted a moderate reform ritual in its worship.

1871: “Abraham’s Sacrifice” which was published today included a description of Rembrandt’s relationship with the local Jewish population including the fact that after the death of his wife, the Dutch painter “retired to an old house on the Rue des Juifs in Amsterdam.”

1875(14th of Adar I, 5635): Purim Katan

1876: Australian native Martha May Cohen and Louis Samuel Cohen gave birth Rex David Cohen

1881: Seventeen year old Marion Calisch, the Hebrew teacher at Professor Felix Adler’s Kindergarten at 45th and Broadway disappeared today.

1882: President Isaac Marx addressed the opening session of annual convention of the Grand Lodge of the order Kesher Shel Barzel, District Number 1. During his speech, Marx expressed remorse at the recent death of President Garfield and concern for the plight of the Jews of Russia.  Marks praised the work of the Hebrew Emigrant Aid Society in aiding the Russian Jews. He suggested that the Order should emulate the action of the Free Sons of Israel and make a generous contribution to HIAS.

1882: It was reported today that in the upcoming session of Parliament, the Opposition plans to pepper Prime Minister Gladstone with “taunts and jibes” over his denunciation of the Bulgarian atrocities while remaining silent about the Russian persecution of the Jews.  The difference they claim has nothing to do with the Jews and everything to do with the fact the Turks are weak and the Russians are strong.

1882: In London, the Lord Mayor’s relief fund to aid the Jews of Russia has reached £50,000.

1882: Reverend Jacob Freshman addressed a large gathering this afternoon at Cooper Union on the subject of “Hebrew and Christian Unity.”  Freshman, the son of a rabbi, had converted to Christianity.  The meeting was part of a movement “looking toward the converting and Christianizing of the Jews.”

1882: In St. Petersburg, Count Nikolay Pavlovich Ignatyev, the Russian Minster of the Interior told a Rabbi that the government would neither encourage nor oppose the emigration of the Jews.[This statement does not conform with reality.  The Russian government was committed to the one-third, one-third, one-third policy: One third of the Jews would convert; one-third would emigrate; one-third would die.]

1887: Rabbi Alexander Kohut of Ahawath Chesed is scheduled to host a reception for members of his congregation at his home in Beekman Place

1888: In Amsterdam, and Adriana Rosa Gustaaf Wertheim Enthoven gave birth to pianist Rosalie Marie Wertheim who gave “secret conferences in cellars” during the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands.

1892: Birthdate of Elinor Fatman Morgenthau, the wife of Secretary Treasury Henry Morgenthau and a friend and Hyde Park neighbor of Eleanor Roosevelt.

1894: “Huxley on the Bible” published today provides a detailed review of Science and Hebrew Traditions, a collection by Thomas H. Huxley. (Huxley was a 19thcentury scientist who was an enthusiastic advocate of Darwin’s Theory of Evolution)

1894: The United Hebrew Charities was one of the recipients of money given to New York charities by the Distribution Committee of the Citizens’ Relief Committee when it met today in the office of J. Pierpont Morgan.

1897: Birthdate of silent screen star Alma Rubens. The San Francisco native’s mother was Irish Catholic and her father was Jewish.

1897(17th of Adar I, 5657): In New York, Simon Goldenberg, the husband of Mary Goldenberg and member of Temple Beth El who left an estate of $200,000 in real property and $100,000 in personal property passed away today.

1897: Mrs. Rolla Hewitt who has said that “she had a mission” which was to “convert every Jew” at Woodbine disappeared from her home at Sea Isle City, NJ.

1898: “It is said that the taking of testimony” in the trial of Emile Zola “will be concluded tonight.”  There are only five or six more witnesses to be heard.

1898(27th of Shevat, 5658): Five year old Tina Fein passed away at the Hebrew Orphan Asylum.

1898: “Grant Allen’s Book on God” published today provides a review of The Evolution of the Idea of God: An Inquiry Into the Origins of Religion by Grant Allen in which the author say, “The only people who ever invented or evolved a pure monotheism at first hand were the Jews.  It is the peculiar glory of Israel to have evolved God.  The mistake Jews make, is to believe that Abraham…was always a monotheist…and that monotheism was smitten out at a single blow by the genius of…Moses at the moment of the Hebrew exodus from Egypt.”

1899: It was reported today that in the past year the Gemilath Chasodim Committee lent $68,110 to 3,917 needy families comprised 19,000 individuals.  The American Hebrewdescribed the committees practicing of providing small loans as “The Help that Helps.”

1889: The resignation of Morris I. Schamberg, D.D.S., MD who had enlisted in Company D of the 1stPennsylvania on June 14, 1898 and who rose to the rank of 1stLieutenant and Acting Surgeon for his work at the Military Hospital at Ponce and the U.S. Military Hospital at San Juan, was accepted today.

1899: Rabbi Gustav Gottheil delivered a sermon entitled “Was Christ a Christian?” today at Temple Emanu-El.

1900: “The 37thConvention of District No. 4 of the Independent Order of B’Nai B’rith continued for a second day in San Francisco.

1900: Birthdate of Morris Glassman, the native of Russia, who despite having never gone to college played two years for the Columbus Panhandles alternating between defensive lineman and offensive end.

1903: Birthdate of Louis Slobodkin, the sculptor and award winning illustrator of children’s books who was the father of “pioneering ecologist” Lawrence Slobodkin.

1909: Auguste Leon Luzatto Pasha, the director-general of the Banque d’Egypte, passed away.  Following his death, his heirs sold his home to the Curciel family – the Jewish family that owned Egypt’s largest department store chain.

1909: Birthdate of Enrico Donati the Italian economics student who became a leading surrealist painter
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/26/arts/26donati.html
https://www.artsy.net/artist/enrico-donati

1912(1stof Adar I, 5672): Rosh Chodesh Adar

1912(1stof Adar I, 5672): In Joplin, MO, 69 year old Albert Cahn who earned the rank of Captain while serving the Civil War passed away today.

1912: Birthdate of Saul Chaplin. Born Saul Kaplan in Brooklyn, Chaplin won four Oscars his work on the scores and orchestrations for An American in Paris(1951, Seven Brides for Seven Brothers (1954) and West Side Story(1961).

1913: In Chicago, E.M. Newman is scheduled to deliver the first in a series of new “traveltalks” starting with Holland.

1915: During World War I, The Battle of Gallipoli began as Allied forces attack the Turks. The Battle of Gallipoli took place on the Turkish Peninsula at the Dardanelles.  The idea was to break the stalemate on the Western Front and at the same time open the Dardanelles to Allied ships carrying supplies to the Russians.  If the attacks had been executed as planned, World War I might have ended in 1915 or 1916 which would have meant a lot less bloodshed, no Russian Revolution and no Versailles Treaty.  The Battle of Gallipoli saw the appearance of the Zion Mule Corps – the first all Jewish fighting unit to operate in World War I.  The Zion Mule Corps paved the way for the Jewish Legion in the British Army. The Zion Mule Corps was one of the progenitors of the modern I.D.F.

1915: Birthdate of New York City native Fred Freiberger the “television writer and producer” who spent two years in POW camp during WWII after having been shot down while serving with the Eighth Air Force.
http://articles.latimes.com/2003/mar/07/local/me-freiberger7

1915: It was reported today that there were more than 60, 000 pupils attending the schools operated by the Alliance Israelite Universelle in Palestine, Turkey, Algeria, Egypt and other parts of Asia Minor at an annual cost of $400,000.

1915: Among those listed today as contributors to the American Jewish Relief Committee for Sufferers from the War are the Jewish Federation of Ft. Wayne, Indiana, the Ladies’ Auxiliary Society of Harrisonburg, VA, Beth Israel Congregation of Clarksdale, MS and Temple Emanuel of San Francisco, CA.

1915: It was reported today that “Talaat Bey, Minister of Marine, Finance and Interior in the Turkish Cabinet and the leader of the Young Turks Party was a graduate of a school operated by the Alliance Israelite Universelle.

1916: William Phillips, the Third Assistant (US) Secretary of State wrote to Simon Wolf that in compliance with the wishes of President Wilson, the American government had requested permission from the British to ship Passover flour to those in territory occupied by the Germans and the Austrians, but the British had rejected the request saying that the Austrians and Germans had adequate supplies to meet the need.  (This was not anti-Semitism.  One of the few things the Allies had going for them at this point in WW I was the blockade of the Central Powers and they resisted any attempt to ship any kind of goods to the enemy.)

1916: A meeting held this afternoon at the Republican Club in New York, proponents of a constitutional amendment banning “the sale of intoxicating liquors” faced off against opponents of such a measure including Charles M. Bryan of Memphis who cited the Jews as an illustration of a “race which had indulged in the moderate use of liquors without its virility” saying “The Jewish people have been drinking liquor moderately since Pharaoh had them working on the pyramids” and “when you consider what the Jews have done I ask you if that is your idea of degeneration?”

1917: According to reports first published in Geneva, “the representatives of American Jewish societies who came to Germany to arrange an opening of communication between Polish Jews and relatives in America and for the sending of relief funds conferred with General von Ludendorff” who is called “the real boss” of Germany before the plans were finally approved.

1917: An interview was conducted today at Rotterdam with “a Pole who has just arrived from Warsaw” in which he said, “There is also a very strong propaganda in full swing against the Jews, and measure of an outrageously unlawful kind have been put in force against them” by their new German masters.

1917: According to reports from the Russkaya Volya now published by the London Mail, “the Minister of the Interior proposes to past into law by means of Paragraph 87 of the Constitution without parliamentary sanction a measure for the partial relief of Jewish disabilities” which “is intended to remove all restriction preventing Jews from entering freely into trade and commerce, contracting for building of railways and found new limited companies.”

1917: At Temple Emanu-El, Dr. Enelow is scheduled to deliver a talk on “The Jewish Element in the Teachings of Jesus” followed by the “Daily Noon Service.”

1918: In London, “celebration of the inauguration of the Palestine Workers’ Fund and the fiftieth anniversary of the birthday of David Jochelman, a proponent of the Territorialist point of view.

1918: Birthdate of Benjamin Miedzyrzecki, the Warsaw native who would survive the Warsaw Ghetto and after coming to the United States would change his name to Benjamin Meed. Meed would parlay eight dollars into a successful import-export business and become a leading advocate for Jewish Holocaust survivors before passing away at the age of 88 in 2006

1920(30th of Shevat, 5680): Rosh Chodesh Adar

1920: Jews in London celebrated “the inauguration of the Palestine Worker’s Fund.

1921(11thof Adar I, 5681): Parashat Tetzaveh

1921: Rabbi Max Drob is scheduled to deliver the Anniversary Sermon during Shabbat services when the Washington Heights Congregation celebrates its tenth anniversary.

1921: “Citizenship Week” which The Hebrew Sheltering and Immigrant Aid Society of America created at the behest of Congressman Isaac Siegel came to an end today.

1921: Birthdate of Leonard Bernard “Butch” Levy the native of Minneapolis who played college and pro-football, wrestled professionally and was active in the Jewish community
http://web.archive.org/web/20150726165642/http://m.startribune.com/obituaries/11600316.html

1922: Birthdate of Wladyslaw Bartoszewski, a Roman Catholic who grew up in a Jewish neighborhood in Warsaw, battled both the Nazis and Communists, survived Auschwitz and was given honorary Israeli citizenship for his work to save Jews during World War II.” (As reported by Rick Lyman)
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/28/world/europe/wladyslaw-bartoszewski-polish-auschwitz-survivor-who-fought-for-jews-dies-at-93.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

1922:  Ed Wynn became the first talent to sign as a radio entertainer.  Born in 1886, Wynn started out as a haberdasher.  He starred in the Ziegfield Follies in 1915 and 1916.  He translated his success in vaudeville to radio and later to both movies and television.  In this way, he was part of a long line of Jewish comedians who made the same trek including George Burns, Jack Benny and Eddie Cantor.  Wynn was the father of character actor Kennan Wynn.  He passed away in 1966. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/theatre/actors/the-voices-behind-disneys-best-characters-through-history/ed-wynn-is-a-familiar-face-best-known-for-playing-laughing-uncle/

1923: Birthdate of Long Island City native Marshall Baer, the lyricist best known for his work on “Once Upon A Mattress.”
http://www.playbill.com/article/marshall-barer-75-once-upon-a-mattress-lyricist-dies-of-cancer-com-77139
http://www.nytimes.com/1998/08/28/arts/marshall-barer-75-lyricist-for-mattress-and-mighty-mouse.html?mcubz=0

1924: Birthdate of David Bronstein, Ukrainian born chess player

1925: In Germany, premiere of “Peter the Pirate,” a silent movie filmed by cinematographer Rudolph Mate and produced by Erich Pommer who although not Jewish fled Germany rather than live under the Nazis.

1927: Isadore “Izzy” Zarakov, a member of Zeta Beta Tau who lettered at Harvard in football, hockey and baseball “scored two goals” in a Harvard victory over arch-rival Yale in hockey. (As reported by Bob Wechsler)

1927(17th of Adar I, 5687): Georg (Morris Cohen) Brandes passed away at the age of 85.  Born in Copenhagen, Denmark, in 1842, Brandes gained fame as a critic and literary historian.  Among those whose careers he affected were Henrik Ibsen and Friedrich Nietzsche.  Brandes was an outspoken critic of Herzl, but he switched to a pro-Zionist position with the issuing of the Balfour Declaration

1928: In St. Mortiz, the II Olympic Winter games during which speedskater Irving Jaffee “finished fourth in the 5000 meter skate” which was the best showing by American in the event to date, came to an end today.

1930: Birthdate of movie director John Frankenheimer.

1931: Birthdate of Dr. Meir Rosenne, the native of Jassy, Romania who immigrated to Palestine in 1944 and becameone of Israel’s most distinguished jurists and scholars of international law.

1932: A subcommittee of the Senate Judiciary Committee was scheduled to hold hearings today where those who opposed the nomination of Judge Cardoza to the Supreme Court, including O.R. Miller of Albany could testifty.

1932: “An immediate favorable report on the nomination of Judge Benjamin N. Cardozo as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States was approved unanimously today by a Senate Judiciary subcommittee.”

1935: Publication of “Brown Shirts in Zion” by Robert Gessner in The New Masses
http://www.unz.org/Pub/NewMasses-1935feb19-00011

1935:Clifford Odets'"Awake and Sing," premieres in New York City at the Belasco Theatre. The play explores the experiences of one Jewish family during the Great Depression. The original production starred Luther and Stella Adler. The play tells the story of the impoverished Berger family and their conflicts as the parents scheme to manipulate their children's relationships to their own ends, while their children strive for their own dreams.

1936: “When Knights Were Bold,” a musical comedy produced by Max Schach was released in the United Kingdom today.

1936: “Major General Sir Neill Malcom…the League of Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Come From Germany…said tonight that he hoped to work ‘in perfect cooperation’ with Sir Herbert Samuel and his associates in their new drive to help the Jews in Germany.”

1936: A manifesto adopted “at Toronto by leading representatives of all Christian denominations in Canada” denounced “the Nazi Government’s treatment of Jews, ‘non-Aryan’ Christians and ‘various Gentiles’” and “urging Canada to provide a haven for a ‘reasonable number’ of ‘selected’ refugees from Germany if the flow of exiles from that country does not cease.”

1936: Before sailing for England, Colonel Theodore Roosevelt, the son of the late President issued a statement declaring “that class hatred” had “caused the persecution of the Jews in Germany.”

1936: It was reported today “that in the future, refugee work would be conducted by an organization working under the plan recently proposed by a British delegation headed by Sir Herbert Samuel, whereby 100,000 Jews would be expatriated from Germany over for years at an estimated cost of fifteen million dollars…”

1937: During the Arab Uprising, violence comes to Tiberias a city known, until now, for peaceful relations between Arabs and Jews. After a week of an Arab boycott in Tiberias, Erev Shabbat, the Jews retaliated by boycotting Arab fish mongers.  Arab youths began pelting Jews walking in the town with oranges and then escalated to throwing stones.  As the Jews retreated to the town’s Jewish quarter, the clashes became more intense as Revisionists who were passing through town in two buses stopped to come to the aid of their co-religionists.  Arabs in the hills above Tiberias began firing shots into the town and at least one Jew was stabbed in the back while another had his head split open with a stone.  By the time the British intervened, thirty Jews and thirty Arabs were “slightly injured and two Jews were seriously hurt.”

1938(18thof Adar I, 5698): Sixty-one year old Edmund Georg Hermann Landau a German Jewish mathematician who worked in the fields of number theory and complex analysis passed away.  Born in 1877, he married Marianne Ehrlich, the daughter of Nobel Prize winner Paul Ehrlich.

1939(30thof Shevat, 5699): Rosh Chodesh Adar

1939(30thof Shevat, 5699): Seventy-one year old Adolph Buchler, the Hungarian born and educated professor at the Rabbinical College in Vienna and the “principal of the Jews College in London since 1906” passed away tonight.

1939: The sixth annual observance of Brotherhood Week which is sponsored by the National Conference of Jews and Christians and which has been endorsed by President Roosevelt began today.

1941: The Nazis raided Koco Amsterdam and seized 425 young Jews who were sent to Beuchenwald.  Koco was described as an isolated Jewish section in Amsterdam.  This roundup was part of a week of violence aimed against the 70,000 Jews of this Dutch city.  On February 9, Dutch Nazis sparked the first anti-Jewish riots in Amsterdam.  Although there was considerable damage and destruction, the Jews along with many of the Dutch countrymen fought back.  After the arrests on the 20th, tens of thousands of Dutch men and women went on strike in protest.  The stunned Nazi occupiers struck back brutally and crushed the strike.  However, this would not be the last time that the embattled people of Holland worked to protect their Jewish fellow countrymen.

1942(1st of Adar, 5702): In the Dvinsk Ghetto (Latvia), Chaya Mayerova was murdered for trading a bit of cloth with a non- Jew for a two-kilogram bag of flour. The entire Jewish population was gathered to witness the execution. There were over 11,000 Jews living in Divinsk when the war broke out.  By 1970 there were fewer than 2,000.  Divinsk should be remembered for more than this tragic entry.  It was the home to one of the sages of the 19th and early 20th century Rabbi Meir Simcha HaKohen.  Reb Meir was not just a Talmudist whose learning was so great that Chaim Nachmann Bialik called him “a walking encyclopedia.”  He was also a man of courage.  During World War I, Reb Meir refused to leave Divinsk even though it was in a combat zone.  If there were only nine Jews left in the town, he said he must remain so there would be a minyan.  Reb Meir supported Zionism but in 1906 he turned down an offer to be the Rabbi in Jerusalem.  The people of Divinsk convinced them that Divinsk needed him more than Jerusalem so he stayed with his kinsman.  It is important to remember the texture of the civilization that the Holocaust sought to destroy.  What was lost was so much more than a cold listing of numbers will ever convey.

1942: During WW II, the Japanese bombed the northern Australian city of Darwin making the threat of invasion of the island/continent very real

1943: Brotherhood Week which is sponsored by the National Conference of Jews and Christians and which has been endorsed by President Roosevelt with a statement that opened with the line “We are fighting for the right of men to live together as members of one family rather than as masters and slaves” began today.

1943: As Major General Henning von Tresckow contemplated when and where to assassinate Hitler, the German dictator “flew to his ‘field headquarters’ near Vinnitsa today.

1943: German tanks under Brigadier General Buelowius attacked the U.S. Army at the Kasserine Pass in Tunisia.  This little known battle was the first contest between the German Army and the U.S. Army.  The Americans took a real beating and it took them months to recover.  There are those who think that World War II was a string of victories for the Americans.  Such was not the case.  The precarious nature of the war as well a streak of anti-Semitism helps to explain why Roosevelt did not “do more to help the Jews.”  This is not a defense of FDR; merely an attempt to provide historic context for his behavior.

1944: In Kensington, London, Rex Harrison and actress Lilli Palmer (Lilli Marie Peiser, the daughter Dr. Alfred Peiser, “a German-Jewish surgeon and Austrian Jewish actress Ross Lissman) gave birth playwright and novelist Carey Harrison.

1945: Edward "Eddie Jacobson" opened a menswear store in Kansas City, MO.

1945: Battle of Iwo Jima begins. There were approximately 1,500 Jewish Leathernecks among the 70,000 Marines who fought in this climactic battle of the war in the Pacific. On the 60th anniversary of the start of the battle Sam Bernstein, a 20-year-old (Jewish) Marine corporal at the time of the battle reminisced about the fight. “I thought it appropriate to spotlight some news and information about the Jews who fought and died in the five-week battle between 70,000 American Marines (1,500 of which were Jewish) and an unknown number of deeply entrenched Japanese defenders. “Bernstein chuckles when he remembers the Tootsie Rolls he put in his cartridge belt. I chose Tootsie Rolls because they wouldn't melt and they were just the size of a bullet. At the same time, I strapped on three or four bandoliers full of ammunition. Still, if the officers had known what I was doing, they probably would have shot me instead of the Japanese! He does not chuckle when he remembers the two men who were killed in his foxhole. Or the day he helped the Jewish chaplain bury some Marines.” The Jewish Chaplain was Rabbi Roland B. Gittelsohn, assigned to the Fifth Marine Division who was the first Jewish chaplain the Marine Corps ever appointed. Rabbi Gittelsohn was in the thick of the fray, ministering to Marines of all faiths in the combat zone.  His tireless efforts to comfort the wounded and encourage the fearful won him three service ribbons.  When the fighting was over, Rabbi Gittelsohn was asked to deliver the memorial sermon at a combined religious service dedicating the Marine Cemetery. Unfortunately, racial and religious prejudice led to problems with the ceremony. What happened next immortalized Rabbi Gittelsohn and his sermon forever. It was Division Chaplain Warren Cuthriell, a Protestant minister, who originally asked Rabbi Gittelsohn to deliver the memorial sermon.  Cuthriel wanted all the fallen Marines (black and white, Protestant, Catholic and Jewish) honored in a single, nondenominational ceremony.  However, according to Rabbi Gittelsohn's autobiography, the majority of Christian chaplains objected to having a rabbi preach over predominantly Christian graves The Catholic chaplains, in keeping with church doctrine opposed any form of joint religious service. To his credit, Cuthriell refused to alter his plans. Gittelsohn, on the other hand, wanted to save his friend Cuthriell further embarrassment and so decided it was best not to deliver his sermon.  Instead, three separate religious services were held.  At the Jewish service, to a congregation of 70 or so who attended, Rabbi Gittelsohn delivered the powerful eulogy he originally wrote for the combined service:

"Here lie men who loved America because their ancestors’ generations ago helped in her founding.  And other men who loved her with equal passion because they themselves or their own fathers escaped from oppression to her blessed shores.  Here lie officers and men, Negroes and Whites, rich men and poor, together.  Here are Protestants, Catholics, and Jews together.  Here no man prefers another because of his faith or despises him because of his color.  Here there are no quotas of how many from each group are admitted or allowed.

"Among these men there is no discrimination. No prejudices. No hatred.  Theirs is the highest and purest democracy!  Whosoever of us lifts his hand in hate against a brother, or who thinks himself superior to those who happen to be in the minority, makes of this ceremony and the bloody sacrifice it commemorates, an empty, hollow mockery.  To this then, as our solemn sacred duty, do we the living now dedicate ourselves:  To the right of Protestants, Catholics, and Jews, of White men and Negroes alike, to enjoy the democracy for which all of them have here paid the price.
"We here solemnly swear this shall not be in vain.  Out of this and from the suffering and sorrow of those who mourn this, will come, we promise, the birth of a new freedom for the sons of men everywhere."

Among Gittelsohn's listeners were three Protestant chaplains so incensed by the prejudice voiced by their colleagues that they boycotted their own service to attend Gittelsohn's.  One of them borrowed the manuscript and, unknown to Gittelsohn, circulated several thousand copies to his regiment.  Some Marines enclosed the copies in letters to their families.  An avalanche of coverage resulted.  Time magazine published excerpts, which wire services spread even further.  The entire sermon was inserted into the Congressional Record, the Army released the eulogy for short-wave broadcast to American troops throughout the world and radio commentator Robert St. John read it on his program and on many succeeding Memorial Days. In 1995, in his last major public appearance before his death, Gittelsohn reread a portion of the eulogy at the 50th commemoration ceremony at the Iwo Jima statue in Washington, D.C.  In his autobiography, Gittelsohn reflected, I have often wondered whether anyone would ever have heard of my Iwo Jima sermon had it not been for the bigoted attempt to ban it.

1949: U.S. premiere “The Clay Pigeon,” a film noir “directed by Richard Fleischer and written by Carl Foreman.”

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that Israel US Secretary of State John Foster Dulles invited Israel to join his new Middle Eastern Defense Organization. (Note: If this is the organization that would be known as CENTO, neither the United States nor Israel would ultimately join the organization.)

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that Pravda, the official Communist party newspaper, charged that Israel was joining NATO and allowing the US to build military bases on its territory. (This was pure propaganda designed that was part of the shift in Stalin’s foreign policy.)

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that The State Comptroller's Report for 1951-1952, prepared under the supervision of the Comptroller, Dr. Siegfried Moses, marked a definite improvement of the Israeli Civil Service.

1954: “New Faces,” a 1954 American film adaptation of the musical revue New Faces of 1952, directed by Harry Haorner, co-written by Melvin Brooks and co-starring Robert Clary (Robert Max Widerman) was released in the United States today.

1956: The Sephardic Jewish Brotherhood of America dedicated a community center in New York, with impressive ceremonies. Speakers included Judge Jonah J. Goldstein and the late Judge Edgar J. Nathan, Jr. The Brotherhood Memorial Post presented the colors (flags).

1957: Recording today of “Let a Smile Be Your Umbrella” with music by Sammy Fain and lyrics co-authored by Irving Kahal.

1959: The United Kingdom grants Cyprus its independence. Jewish settlement in Cyprus dates back to Biblical times.  In the first century, the Jews of Cyprus rebelled against the Romans.  In modern times, Cyprus was the site for the camps housing Jews who tried to run the British blockade and enter Eretz Israel before 1948.  For more about the Jews of Cyprus, you might want to read Place of Refuge: A  History of the Jews in Cyprusby Stavros Panteli.

1960: In Bloomington, the dedicatory weekend for new Moses Montefiore began today.

1963: Following his conviction for the 1962 murders of two New York City police detectives, Jerry “the Jew” Rosenberg began serving his sentence today. By the time he died in 2009, he would have set a record for length of incarceration in the state of New York.

1964: In Brooklyn, Richard Brown Lethem and Jewish political activist Judith Frank Lethem gave birth to best-selling author and MacArthur Fellowship recipient Jonathan Lethem.

1964: Paul Simon wrote "The Sounds of Silence," the song which, in a year and a half, will catapult him and Art Garfunkel to stardom as Simon & Garfunkel.

1965: Seventy-four year old Captain Koreshige Inuzuka who was the head of the Japanese Imperial Navy's Advisory Bureau on Jewish Affairs from March 1939 until April 1942 and who established the Japan-Israel Association of which he was the President, in 1952, passed away today. (He was rather complex when it came to the Jews.  But in one of those great ironies of history, he was given a silver cigarette case by the Union of Orthodox Rabbis in the United States for his help in rescuing Jewish refugees from the Hitler’s Europe)

1967: An article published in the American Journal of Cardiology described an electronic device capable of recording arterial pulsations and the mechanical events of the heart without actually making contact with the chest wall.  This device was the product of combined efforts led by Dr. Aaron Valero who brought together the clinical medical staff at Rambam Hospital and the engineers at the Technion - Israel Institute of Technology.  Dr. Valero organized and put together teams from the two institutions, which he headed up. This unique cooperation led to the first product of the soon to be established Biomedical Engineering Department of The Technion - Israel Institute of Technology. It was an electronic device capable of recording arterial pulsations and the mechanical events of the heart without actually making contact with the chest wall.

1969(1st of Adar, 5729): Rosh Chodesh Adar is observed for the first time during the Presidency of Richard Nixon.

1970(13th of Adar I, 5730): Seventy-three year old Otto Heller, the Prague born British cinematographer passed away today.

1970(13th of Adar I, 5730): Fifty-four year old multi-talented actor Jules Munshin passed away today.

1971: In Urbana, Illinois, astrophysicist Jacob Shaham and cytogeneticist Meira Diskin gave birth to violinist Gil Shaham who was the sister of pianist Orli Shaham.

1973(17th of Adar I, 5733): Hungarian born violin virtuoso Joseph Szigeti passed away at his home in Switzerland.

1973: “S'13, Unit 707, and Sayeret Tzanhanim commandos jointly raided guerrilla bases in Nahr al-Bared and Beddawi today in Operation Bardas 54–55 during which about 40 guerillas were killed and 60 wounded, and a Turkish military trainer was taken prisoner

1976(18th of Adar I, 5736): Seventy-four year old seamstress Ruth Rosenfeld Taffel, the widow of Frank Taffel passed away today.

1976: In Brussels, The Second World Conference of Jewish Communities on Jewry which was attended by over 1,000 delegates from over 32 countries including Prime Minister Golda Meir came to an end.

1977(14th of Adar I, 5559): Purim Katan

1978: The Jerusalem Post reported that, two Arab terrorists assassinated Youseff el-Sibaei, the editor of the semi-official Egyptian Al-Ahram newspaper at the Larnaca Hilton hotel, in Cyprus and took 11 Egyptian hostages to the local airport in an apparent reaction to Egyptian President Anwar Sadat's peace initiative.

1978: One Arab died and another was injured by a terrorist bombing at Hebrew University in Jerusalem.1978: The Jerusalem Post reported that US President Jimmy Carter defended his offer of jet fighters to "staunch, friendly Arab allies." In his comment, Defense Minister Ezer Weizman said that the worst effect of the aircraft sale proposed by the Carter administration was the fact that it put Israel together with Egypt and Saudi Arabia in a "package deal."

1980(2nd of Adar, 5740): Nathan Yellin-Mor the Lehi leader who became a pacifist passed away.

1984: CBS began broadcasting  a television miniseries based on Sidney Shelton’s Master of the Game starring Dyan Cannon (Samille Dian Friesen)

1985: The first episode of EastEnders, a British soap opera featuring “Clare Moody” was broadcast in the United Kingdom on BBC One

1986: Robert Badinter completed his service as French Minister of Justice began serving as President of the Constitutional Council of France.

1988(1st of Adar, 5748): Rosh Chodesh Adar

1988: A memorial service is scheduled to be held tonight at 8 P.M. at Beth Am, The People's Temple in Manhattan to honor Rabbi Israel Raphael Margolies, of blessed memory who passed away earlier this week at the age of 72.  Rabbi Margolies had served at Temple Emanu-el in Engelwood, N.J. at Beth Am, The People's Temple in Manhattan. He “frequently called for equality for minority group members and for women. He was a supporter of the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and once marched alongside him in a civil rights parade in Englewood.”

1989: After 99 performances the curtain came down on the off-Broadway production of Wendy Wasserstein’s “The Heidi Chronicles” at Playwrights Horizons.

1989: “The Twisted Road to Auschwitz” published today provided a review of Why Did the Heavens Not Darken?: The Final Solution in History by Arno J. Mayer.

1990: The Soviet Union, under heavy pressure from Arab countries, has rejected an appeal from the Bush Administration to allow direct flights for Soviet Jews from Moscow to Israel, Administration officials said today. American and Israeli officials said that in the absence of such flights, thousands of Soviet Jews were in effect trapped in the Soviet Union at a time of rising anti-Semitism.

1994 (8th of Adar, 5754): Zipora Sasson, five months pregnant, was killed on the trans-Samaria highway in an ambush by shots fired at her car. The terrorists were members of HAMAS.

1994(8th of Adar, 5754: Fifty-seven educator and MK Yitzhak Yitzhaky passed away today.

1995(19th of Adar I, 5755): Israeli Rabbi Shlomo Averbach passed away at the age of 84.

1995: Poet Kenneth Koch wins Bollingen Prize.

1997(12th of Adar I, 5757): Leo Rosten passed away at the age of 88.  Born in 1908, Rosten was an amazingly prolific writer on a variety of topics.  While best known for his writings on Jewish topics - The Joys of Yiddish, Treasury of Jewish Quotations and Hooray Yiddish - he also wrote such works as Religions In America and Captain Newman, M.D.  (As reported by Margalit Fox)

1999: Actor Dennis Franz receives a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

1999: Today in an obituary in Aufbau, Anson Rabinbach “characterized George L. Mosses German Jews Beyond Judaism as his most personal book.

1999: In New York, the Museum of Jewish Heritage features an exhibit entitled “A Living Memorial to the Holocaust” featuring artifacts, documents, photographs, videos and film clips are included in exhibitions on the Holocaust and on Jewish life before and after World War II.

2001(26th of Shevat, 5761): Eighty-seven year old director and producer Stanley Kramer passed away.(As reported by Rick Lyman)

2003: Iranian officials announced that they had released the five last remaining Jews imprisoned in the city of Shiraz. The men: Dani (Hamid) Tefillen; Asher Zadmehr; Naser Levy Hayim; Farhad Saleh and Ramin Farzam, where the last 5 out of 13 Jews on trial for spying for the "Zionist regime" and "world arrogance." Ten of the men were convicted and sentenced to prison. Since their sentencing in July 2001, five had already been quietly released.

2004: Nazi-hunter Simon Wiesenthal was awarded an honorary knighthood in recognition of a "lifetime of service to humanity."

2005:  Fred Rodgers, who just celebrated his birthday on February 17, joined his sister Hilda for her 85th birthday.  Fred is a pillar of the Jewish community in Cedar Rapids.   He and his sister were two of those who were not lost in the European Holocaust, Baruch Ha'shem.

2006: The New York Times Book Section features a review of Barney Ross by Douglas Century. “

2007(1st of Adar, 5767): Rosh Chodesh Adar

2008: Veteran broadcast journalist Daniel Schorr discusses his new book, Come to Think of It: Notes on the Turn of the Millennium, at a luncheon event at the Woman's National Democratic Club in Washington, D.C.

2009: It was reported today that all ten members of Yisrael Chala's family had been flown from Yemen to Israel.  Two months earlier, two firebombs had been thrown into the courtyard of the family's home. 

2009:In New York City, the American Friends of Tel Aviv University and the Simon Wiesenthal Center co-host a lecture by Professor Dina Porat, head of the Roth Institute for the Study of Contemporary Anti-Semitism and Racism at Tel Aviv University entitled "Anti-Zionism and Anti-Semitism: Which is the chicken and which is the egg?"

2009:Israeli Andy Ram will be allowed to compete in a Dubai tennis tournament next week after the Arab country said today that it would permit the seventh-ranked doubles player to enter the country.

2009: In Manhattan, the exhibition of the Valmadonna Trust Library at Sotheby’s comes to an end.  “A Lifetime’s Collection of Texts in Hebrew, at Sotheby’s”  explains the significance of this collection and provides a useful description of the importance that the printed word plays for Jews and Judaism.

2010: In Jerusalem, Beit Avi Chai presents "Kalabbat Shabbat" featuring Kobi Arieli.

2010: The opening of the opera "La Juive" (The Jewish Woman) at St. Petersburg's Mikhailovsky Theater was postponed from last night to tonight by a bomb threat that proved to be false, according to the ITAR-TASS news agency.

2010: Omri Caspi, the first Israeli to play in North America's National Basketball Association, will participate in a special Friday-evening service and Shabbat meal this evening with hundreds of members of the Los Angeles Jewish community, ahead of the Sacramento Kings' game against the Los Angeles Clippers on Saturday night.

2010: The Washington Post features a review of Making Toast: A Family Story by Roger Rosenblatt.

2011: The Matchmaker a coming-of-age drama directed by Avi Nesher that “tells the story of a relationship between an Israeli teen and a Holocaust survivor who makes ends meet by brokering marriages” is scheduled to be shown at the Atlanta Jewish Film Festival.

2011: A documentary entitled Jewish Soldiers in Blue and Gray is scheduled to be shown at the 21st Annual San Diego Jewish Film Festival.

2011:President Shimon Peres called Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas today to discuss the failed United Nations resolution condemning Israeli settlement building.

2011:The family of kidnapped Israel Defense Forces soldier Gilad Shalit marked the 1,700th day of his captivity today along with hundreds of supporters in front of the prime minister's residence in Jerusalem.

2011: Canadian born professional tennis player Sharon Fichman was the runner-up in the Copa Colsanitas Tournament in Bogotá, Columbia.2011(15th of Adar I, 5771):Sanford C. Sigoloff, a Los Angeles-based turnaround expert nicknamed “Mr. Chapter 11,” who also did what he could for employees when they were fired, passed away today at the age of 80. (As reported by Mary Williams Walsh)http://www.nytimes.com/2011/02/25/business/25sigoloff.html

2012(26thof Shevat, 5772): Ninety-year old “Ruth Barcan Marcus, a philosopher esteemed for her advances in logic, a traditionally male-dominated subset of a traditionally male-dominated field” passed away today.  (As reported by Margalit Fox)

2012: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including “What We Talk About When We Talk About Anne Frank” by Nathan Englander and ‘Liebestod: Opera Buffa With Leib Goldkorn’ by Leslie Epstein.

2012: LimmudLA is scheduled to come to an end at Costa Mesa.

2012:The IDF is planning to deploy an Iron Dome battery in the Tel Aviv Metropolitan Area for the first time as part of a drill simulating a missile attack, Ynet learned today. 

2012:Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu addressed the 38th Conference of Presidents of Major American Jewish Organizations in Jerusalem today.

2012: Funeral services are scheduled to be held this morning for Dr. Ethel Stark, “the conductor of the first women's symphony orchestra of Montreal and the first woman to conduct at Carnegie Hall in New York” followed by burial at the Spanish & Portuguese Congregation Cemetery.

2013: Kobi Kablek is scheduled to present “Failure and Memory: How the Rescue of Jews During the Holocaust is Depicted in Post-War German Film” at the Library of Congress in Washington, DC

2013: YIVO is scheduled to present “It Was a Long Time Ago, and It Never Happened Anyway: Russia and the Communist Past” featuring author David Satter.

2013: In Iowa City, Iowa, the Bijou Theatre is scheduled to present “The Rabbi’s Cat,” a film that tells the tale of a talking cat owned by a rabbi.

2013: “Uproar Over Netanyahu’s Ice Cream Is Welcome in One Parlor” described how Prime Minister spent $2,700 on ice cream including his favorite, pistachio. (As reported by Isabel Kershner)

2014: “Putzel” is scheduled to be shown at the DPJCC's 14th Annual Jewish Film Festival

2014: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to present “Light and Shadows: The Story of Iranian Jews.”

2014: Palestinian Arab teenagers hurled rocks at an Israeli car just outside the Samaria community of Eli this afternoon. While the victims of the attack are shaken, no one was hurt. (As reported by Tova Dvorin)

2014: The JCC of Northern Virginia is scheduled to host Bob Budoff’s “Analysis of Current Developments in Israel and the Middle East.”

2014: After much disagreement among the coalition, The Knesset's Special Committee for the Equal Sharing of the Burden Bill, headed by Knesset Member Ayelet Shaked, convened this evening to vote on the most dramatic article in the much-debated bill, which concerns the imprisonment of haredim who dodge military or civil service (criminal sanctions). (As reported by Moran Azulay)

2015: Marvin Pinkert, Executive Director, Jewish Museum of Maryland is scheduled to deliver a lecture on the “Civil War in Maryland Through a Jewish Lens” at the Lilian & Albert Small Jewish Museum in Washington, DC.

2015: Services are scheduled to be held at the Frank E. Campbell funeral home on Madison Avenue for “Singer-songwriter Lesley Gore, who topped the charts in 1963 at age 16 with her epic song of teenage angst, “It’s My Party,” and followed it up with the hits “Judy’s Turn to Cry,” and the feminist anthem “You Don’t Own Me.” (As reported by JTA and Times of Israel)

2015(30th of Shevat, 5775): Rosh Chodesh Adar

2016: Twenty-one year old Tuvia Yanai Weissman who was stabbed to death yesterday in a supermarket was buried today on Mount Herzl in Jerusalem.  “A soldier in the Nachal infantry brigade, he is survived by his wife and 4-month-old daughter.”

2016(10th of Adar I, 5776): Eighty-three year old Tel Aviv born actor Yossi Graber passed away today in Tzrifin, Iisrael.

2016: An exhibition “WOMEN: New Portraits Annie Leibovit” is scheduled to come to a close in Zurich.

2016(10th of Adar I, 5776): Ninety-three year old Samuel Willenberg, the last survivor of the uprising at Treblinka passed away today.

2016: In Washington, DC, Temple Sinai is scheduled to host an evening of Jewish A Cappella with Six13.

2017: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including the recently released paperback edition of A Perfect Life by Eileen Pollack and The Year of Lear: Shakespeare In 1606 by James Shapiro as well as a list of “17 Great Books About American Presidents for President’s Day Weekend” that included Washington: A Life by Ron Chernow, Wilson by A. Scott Berg,No Ordinary Time. Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt: The Home Front in World War II by Doris Kearns Goodwin and Master of the Senate: The Years of Lyndon Johnson,” by Robert A. Caro.

2017: “The one and only black tie, Oxford JSoc Ball” is scheduled to take place this evening at the Oxford Town Hall.

2017: “Zero Motivation” is scheduled to be shown on the final night of San Diego Jewish Film Festival.

2017: Zerach Greenfield is scheduled to lead a hands-on workshop on “The Making of Tefillin” this morning at Limmud NY

2017: In New York, the curtain is scheduled to come down on the final performance of “Berlin to Broadway with Kurt Weill: A Musical Voyage.”

2017: In Atlanta, GA, the Breman Museum is scheduled to host an afternoon with Benjamin Hirsch who will describe Kristallnacht as seen through the eyes of a six year old and then recount the travels with four of his siblings on a Kindertransport to France that ultimately led to his arrival in Atlanta.

2017: Avner Avraham, Exhibition Curator and former Mossad agent; Orit Shaham Gover, Chief Curator of Beit Hatfutsot—The Museum of the Jewish People, Tel Aviv; Ariel Efron, Media Creative Director, Gallagher and Associates; Ellen Rudolph, Executive Director, Maltz Museum of Jewish Heritage, Cleveland are scheduled to attend the opening of “Operation Finale” an exhibit at the Illinois Holocaust Museum and Education Center depicting the capture and trial of Adolf Eichman.

2018: The Illinois Holocaust Museum and Education is scheduled to celebrate President’s Day by admitting student’s and children at half price and “showing the hologram of Holocaust survivor and museum President Fritzie Fritzshall.

2018: The Jupiter Symphony Chamber Players which was bounded by Jens Nygaard who directed the Washington Heights YW-YMHA concerts for 25 years, and which includes violinist Itamar Zorman is scheduled to perform “Mostly Italian-Swiss Gems” today.

2018: In the United States celebration of President’s Day which Jews could observe by remembering their unique connection with the nation’s chief executives starting with George Washington and the Jews of Newport but also including but not limited to, Franklin Pierce who “signed an Act of Incorporation establishing Washington Hebrew Congregation”, Abraham Lincoln who made it possible for Rabbis to serve as chaplains in the U.S. Army for the first time, U.S. Grant who contributed to the building fund for Adas Israel and attended the congregation’s dedication, Teddy Roosevelt who appointed the first Jew to serve in the Cabinet, to Woodrow Wilson who appointed the first Jew to serve on the Supreme Court, to Herbert Hoover who appointed the second Jew to serve as an Associate Justice, to Donald Trump, the first President to have Jewish grandchildren (and this does not include FDT, HST and so many more)

2018: “Night of Heroes” is scheduled to take place in London.https://www.nightofheroes.co.uk/

 

 

 
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