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This Day, April 17, In Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb Levin Z"L

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April 17

69: After the First Battle of Bedriacum, Vitellius becomes Roman Emperor. The year 69 was called “The Year of the Four Emperors” because four different claimants held the position in this brief period of time.  According to Rome and Jerusalem, the sacking of Jerusalem and the destruction of the Second Temple were byproducts of this violent year and grew out of a need by Vitellius’ successor, Vespasian, to prove his power and legitimacy.

392: The Roman Emperors issued a new law “stating that Jewish leaders who have been expelled by their community cannot be forced back on the” Jewish community by Roman judges.  While this may seem like a gain for the Jews, the decree refers to them as “belonging to the Jewish superstition” – language that does not bode well for the long-term well-being of the Jews in the Roman Empire.

1222:  Deacon Robert of Reading (England) was burned for converting to Judaism, setting the precedent for the burning of heretics.

http://www.executedtoday.com/tag/robert-of-reading/

http://www.oxfordjewishheritage.co.uk/projects/osney-abbey-first-public-burning-in-england/137-the-robert-of-reading-plaque

1280: Today Richard Swinefeld who 1286 “threatened to excommunicate several of his flock who wished to attend the wedding of the daughter of a leading Jew of Hereford” was named Archdeacon of London

1397: Geoffrey Chaucer tells the Canterbury Tales for the first time at the court of Richard II. Chaucer scholars have also identified this date (in 1387) as when the book's pilgrimage to Canterbury starts. There should be no connection between the Jewish people and Chaucer since the Jews had been expelled from England a century before he told his “tales.”  But Chaucer is proof that you do not need Jews to have anti-Semitism.  The “Prioress’s Tale,” one of the the twenty-three stories contains the following plot line,  “While wandering through the Jewish section of town singing hymns of his faith an eight-year old Christian child is murdered…The frantic mother uncovers the crime when she hears her newly buried son singing Alma Redemptoris.  Justice is sternly served when the Jewish community is wiped out in retaliation.” 

1506(Nisan, 5266): In Lisbon, several Conversos were discovered who had in their possession "some lambs and poultry prepared according to Jewish custom.”  They also had “unleavened bread and bitter herbs” needed “according to the regulations for the Passover, which festival they celebrated far into the night." Several of them were seized, but were released after a few days. Angered by the release, mobs would riot and attack conversos living in the Portuguese capital.

1525(Nisan, 5285): Isaac ben Jacob Margolioth, the son of Nuremberg Rabbi Jacob Margolioth, who served as a rabbi at Prague and wrote a preface to one of his father’s works passed away today.

1528: First Jews settle legally in Fuerth, Bavaria

1559:  At Cremona, Italy, Sixtus Senesis, an apostate Jew, who had become a Dominican, tried to convince the local Spanish governor to burn the Talmud. The governor demanded witnesses before he would give the order. Vitttorio Eliano the converted grandson of Elias Levita and one Joshua dei Cantori bore witness that the Talmud was full of lies about Christianity. A few days later approximately 10,000 books were burned. The Zohar was not touched since the Pope and the Catholic Church was interested in its publication believing that it would supplant the Talmud and make it easier to convert the Jews. Ironically it was Eliano himself who wrote the preface to the Cremora Zohar.

1579: The seaside town of Youghal in County Cork, Ireland was damaged during the which was badly damaged today during the Second Desmond Rebellion had had the unique distinction in 1555 of being the first Irish town to have a Jewish mayor – William Moses Annyas Eanes, the grandson of Gil Eanes of Belmonte, Portugal.  Francis Eanes served as the town’s mayor on three different occasions coinciding with the rebellion but the relation between the two men has yet to be determined.

1581: King Phillip, who commanded the governor of Milan to expel the Jews from Alessandra, began his reign as King of Portugal and Algarves.

1671: In Amsterdam, construction began on a synagogue under the direction of the architect, Elias Bouman. The Sephardic community had bought the land in December of 1670.

1682(9thof Nisan, 5441): Today a riot broke out in Carpentras which “French liturgical poet” Saul ben Joseph of Monteux memorialized in a piyyut.

1731: Yeshivah Minhat Arab became the first Jewish day school in North American when it was founded today in the colony of New York. “The hazzan who taught the classes was instructed to teach the students ‘the Hebrew Spanish and English writing and arithmetick.’Eventually its name was changed to the Polonies Talmud Torah.”

1748(19thof Nisan, 5508): Raphael Meldola passed away at Leghorn. Born at Leghorn in 1685, he was the son of Eleazar Meldola and Reina Senior.  He served as rabbi in Pisa, Bayonne and St. Esprit.

1750:  Frederick II issued a general patent to the Jews limiting their role in the Prussian economy to activities involving commerce and industry. Jews were no longer viewed as dependents of the monarch but as citizens of the state even though they were not first class citizens. On the one hand, Jews were encouraged to be part of the state and its economy. On the other hand they were still second class citizens and divided into two classes - privileged and protected. Considered by some to be an "enlightened monarch," King Frederick wrote his “Political Testament” that was published in 1752 in which he described Jews as dangerous, superstitious and backward.

1760: According to his will dated today, English businessman Sampson Gideon, the son of West India merchant Rowland Gideon “left legacies to many charities, both Jewish and Christian, including the Portuguese synagogue and the Corporation of the Sons of the Clergy, to which he had been an annual subscriber during his lifetime.”

1765: Jews of Arnhem were given permission to build a synagogue.

1770: Charleston (SC) merchant, Moses Lindo responded to an appeal from Hezekiah Smith and contributed five pounds to Rhode Island College which is now known as Brown University. (As reported by Abraham Bloch)  “Moses Lindo was the inspector-general and surveyor of indigo, drugs, and dyes for South Carolina.”

1775(17thof Nisan, 5535): Third Day of Pesach

1775: As “Paul Revere clattered through ‘every Middlesex village and farm’ there were approximately 3,000 Jews living in the thirteen colonies to respond to his call to arms. 

1777: Birthdate of Bavaria native Abraham Bendel, the husband of Pessle Bandel and the father of Elias, Sophia, Henry, Hendil and Bertha Bendel.

1782(3rd of Iyar, 5542): Chaim Samuel Jacob Falk, known as the “Baal Shem of London” passed away. Reportedly born in 1708, possibly in Furth, Germany, Falk escaped to England in 1742 after authorities in Westphalia had sentenced the Kabbalist and Mystic to death on charges of sorcery.    “Falk left a diary, now in the library of the bet ha-midrash of the United Synagogue, which is a quaint medley of dreams, records of charitable gifts, booklists, cabalistic names of angels, lists of pledges, and cooking-recipes.”

1783: “Jews were expressly excepted from the benefit” of The Irish Appeals Act or the Renunciation Act which was passed by Parliament today.

1790: American Patriot, Scientist, Printer and liver of the good life Benjamin Franklin passed away at the age of 84.  As with so many of those of his time, Franklin espoused moral values but mistrusted organize religion.  He used the Exodus from Egypt as a metaphor for the colonists clash with King George, a modern day Pharaoh.  He wanted to have a depiction of the Israelites crossing the Sea of Reeds as part of the Great Seal of the United States.  At a more practical level, his name was at the top of the list of prominent Philadelphians who contributed funds to Congregation Mikveh Israel at the time of its financial need.

1790(3rd of Iyar, 5550):  A major pogrom took place in the Jewish community of Tetouan, Morocco. On this day the Muslim ruler Mawlay Yazid entered the city, rounded up all of the Jews, men women and children, and violently stripped them of their clothing. They were left with no dignity, naked for three days in prison. Some of the Jews fearing for their lives escaped to the graves Moorish saints where they would pray for their lives. The Muslim leader had some Jews beheaded to make a statement.

1793: In Richmond, VA, Judith I. Solomon and Israel I. Cohen gave birth to Philip I. Cohen the husband of Augusta Myers.

1794: In Arnheim, Holland, Fronika Alexander Van Zanten and Philip Levie Haas gave birth to Benjamin Philip Haas, the husband of Christina Hartog with whom he had seven children including one who settled in Connecticut and another who settled in Montana.

1797: “The status of the Jews of Posen was now determined by the "General-Juden-Reglement" of this date which aimed to make them, as mechanics and trades-men, useful members of the state.

1797:  In Eastern Poland, after falling to Prussia in the third partition of Poland in 1793, the government enacted "The Regulation" which removed a number of regulations regarding occupations and domicile restrictions for Jews. This still left many of the old regulations in place, including that of not being able to marry under the age of 25 and then only upon proof of a fixed income.

1798: Jews were given permission to “settle within the old city walls of Cologne.”

1799: Birthdate of Cleveland, OH naïve Karl Strauss, the wife of Hendel Strauss and father of Ferdinand Strauss.

1800(22ndof Nisan, 5560): Eighth Day of Pesach; Yizkor recited for the last time as part of Pesach during the administration of President John Adams.

1801(4thof Iyar, 5561): Fifty-one year old Ruben Moses Rubino the husband of Minkel Rubino passed away today.

1802: In London, Matilda De Metz and Levy Salomons gave birth to Joseph Solomons, the husband of Rebecca Montefiore, a daughter of Joseph Montefiore, the father of Sophia, Henrietta and Matilda Salomons and the father-in-law of Aaron Goldsmid, Lionel Benjamin Cohen and Professor Jacob Waley Salomons. (As reported by Sir David Salomons)

1803: In Charleston, SC, Sarah Levy and Zachariah Florance, the Netherlands native  gave birth to Jacob Levy Florance, the husband of Hannah Levy with whom he had six children all of whom were born in New Orleans.

1805(18thof Nisan, 5565): Fourth Day of Pesach

1805: As Jews munch on their matzoth, Lewis and Clark their up the Upper Missouri from Fort Madan.

1811: Birthdate of Amsterdam native Rachel David Blok, wife of Meyer Hartog Silver and the mother of London born Clara Silver.

1817(1st of Iyar, 5577): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1818: In Mainz, Germany, Michael Creizenach and his wife gave birth to poet and historian Theodor Creizenach.

1818: Birthdate of Rouen, France native Henry Salomon, the “bootmaker and merchant” and husband of Edinburgh native Clara Jacob with whom he had eight children, all of whom were born in Edinburgh, Scotland.

1829: The consecration of the Maiden Lane Synagogue that had originally been established in 1810 in Soho “as a result of a rupture with the Westminster Congregation (the future Western Synagogue) took place today in Londo.

1833: Thomas Babington Macaulay delivered his speech “on the disabilities of the Jews” in the House of Commons.

http://mises.org/library/civil-disabilities-jews-britain

1837: Albert Moses Levy's ship, the Independence, was captured by two Mexican brigs-of-war. After three months he escaped and walked back to Texas, where he set up medical practice in Matagorda. The next year he received an appointment to a medical board established by both houses of the Congress of the republic.

1840: In Frankfurt, Clementine Oppenheim and her husband Adolphe de Reinach the Belgian consul in Frankfurt gave birth to French banker Baron Jacob Adolphe Reinach

1840: Birthdate of Hippolyte Bernheim the French born physician whose work with hypnotherapy attracted the attention of Sigmund Freud.

1844: Hannah Van Gelder and Philip Marcus Leuw, both of whom were natives of Holland, gave birth to their daughter Mattje Philip Leuw.

1844: A cabinet order issued today allowed Meno Burg “to replace his black epaulettes with the red shoulder pieces” that were indicative of his role in the Prussian Artillery and which he had been denied to the right to wear because he was Jewish

1848(14thof Nisan, 5608): Fast of the First Born; erev Pesach

1848: The gates of the Rome Ghetto were pulled down during the Revolutions of 1848 that swept much of Europe in general and Italy in particular. Ciceruacchio, a popular Italian Catholic leader, led a group who tore down the gates Passover eve. The Jews in the ghetto at first thought they were being attacked and hid in their houses.

1848: In London, Rebecca Crawcour and Aron Hart gave birth Eve Hart.

1851(15thof Nisan, 5611): Pesach

1853: Birthdate of German mathematician Arthur Moritz Schoenflies, the great-uncle of Walter Benjamin.

1854: A French-language version of “Margherita d'Anjou an operatic melodramma semiseria in two acts by Giacomo Meyerbeer was performed in New Orleans today.

1854: One day after she had passed away, 70 year old Hannah Crawcoure, the wife of Moses Crawcoure, was buried today at the “Brompton (Fulham Road) Jewish Cemetery.”

1855: One day after he had passed away, 63 year old Jacob Moses was buried today at the “Plymouth Hoe Burial Ground.”

1856(12th of Nisan, 5616): Fast of the First Born observed for the last time during the Presidency of Franklin Pierce.

1858: Birthdate of Leonard L. Cohen, the President of the Board of Guardians.

1861: One day after she had passed away, Lucy Esther Goetz, the daughter of Edward Ludwig Goetz and Angelina Levy was buried today at the “Balls Pond Road Jewish Cemetery.

1862(17thof Nisan, 5622): Third Day of Pesach

1865(21stof Nisan, 5625): Seventh Day of Pesach

1865: In North Carolina, Union General William Tecumseh Sherman met with Confederate General Johnston to discuss the surrender of the Rebels on the same day he learned about the assassination of President Lincoln.

1866: Bryants Minstrels acting as Ethiopian Fun Makers will perform “The Challenge Dance of Shylock” or “The Jew of Chatham Street” tonight in New York City.  [Most Jews are aware of Shylock as a figure of anti-Semitism.  In 19thcentury American references to Chatham Street were equally anti-Semitic.  Chatham Street was the local of the 2nd hand clothing business in New York.  Supposedly the trade was dominated by Jews were who always exploiting the Christians who frequented their shops]

1869: The Mercantile Club, a Jewish social club established in Philadelphia in 1853, was incorporated today. Louis Bomeisler and Clarence Wolf have served as Presidents of the club. Other Jewish clubs included The Garrick, the Progress, and the Franklin.

1870(16th of Nisan, 5630): Second day of Pesach; 1st day of the Omer

1873: Birthdate of Kovno native Mike Miller who in December of 1885 came to the United States where they went into the scrap metal business in Lancaster and Reading, PA and after the death of his father, Miller moved on to Sundbury, PA where he owned “a large iron and medal business where he rasied a family of ten children with his wife, the former Rebecca Fink while belonging B’rith Shalom and “Havra Samra Habrith Congregation of Reading, PA” and serving as Preside of the Talmud Torah and “Moses Israel of Northumberland of Sundbury, PA.”

1875: “Die Maccabäer” (The Maccabees) an opera in three acts by Anton Rubinstein and Salomon Hermann Mosenthal which is itself based on the biblical story of the Maccabees was first performed today at the Hofoper, Berlin.

1876: Birthdate of Vincennes, Indiana native and Vincennes University graduate Jacob Gimbel who in 1910 “financed an expedition which explored rivers of British Guiana and studied the life habits of the symnotide, cell-like fish”

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1943/01/30/87410740.pdf

1878(14th of Nisan, 5638): “The Deliverance of Israel” published today noted that some Jews are no longer substituting bread for Matzoth during Passover especially thosr who are members of the congregations led by Rabbi David Einhorn and Rabbi Gustave Gottheil two Reform rabbis who led Congregation Adath Israel and Temple Emanu-el respectively.

1880: Birthdate of Sir Charles Leonard Woolley, the British archeologist whose work at Ur (the Biblical city) led him to “finding ties between ancient Aegean and Mesopotamian civilizations” which led to greater understanding to some of the references in the Bible and who also found substantiation for Noah’s flood.

1881: Nathan Blesenthal, a prominent Buffalo, NY, Jew became a Presbyterian today. His conversion was a condition set by Gertrude Deming if the couple was going to be wed.  Blesenthal’s mother had opposed the conversion and young Nathan only left the “faith of his fathers” after his mother passed away.

1881: The property occupied by the Brooklyn Hebrew Orphan Asylum was purchased today for $12,500.

1881: It was reported today that the Jews are talking about erecting a national synagogue in Washington, DC.”

1882: Birthdate of Polish pianist and classical composer Artur Schnabel. Like so many others, he left Europe to escape Nazi persecution. The pianist was famous for his performances of Beethoven’s Piano Sonatas. He passed away in 1951.

1882(28thof Nisan, 5642): Joel Samuel Polack passed away.  Born in 1807, he was the first Jewish settler in New Zealand, arriving there in 1831.

1883: In London, Hannah Cohen and James John Woolley gave birth to Moss DaCosta Woolley, the husband of Hannah Levy whom he married at the New Synagogue in London in 1910.

1884(22nd of Nisan, 5644): 8th day of Pesach

1884: In Cuero, Texas, Rudolph Frank and Rachel Rae Jacobs gave birth to Leo Frank who moved to New York when he was three months which would lead some to characterize him as “a New York Jew” when he was convicted of the murder of Mary Phagan – a crime of which he was innocent but thanks to a wave of anti-Semitism led to his lynching in 1915 – an event that seems to be part of an unusual “amnesia” for much of the American Jewish community.

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/leo-frank

http://the-temple.org/AboutUs/History/TheLynchingofLeoFrank.aspx



 1884: Theodore Hoffman who will be hanged tomorrow after having been found guilty of murdering a Jewish peddler named Zife Marks, ate a breakfast of fried oysters this morning in his cell at White Plains, NY

1887: President Levy presided over tonight’s meeting of the Jewish Immigrants’ Protective Society which was held at the synagogue on Rivington Street in New York.  In its first year of operation the society has given $1,600 to “newly arrived immigrants.

1888(6thof Iyar, 5648): Businessman and philanthropist Abraham Warshawski passed away in St. Petersburgn.

1889(16th of Nisan, 5649): Second day of Pesach; 1st day of the Omer

1891: Jacob Ezekiel Hyneman, a Union veteran of the Civil War resigned as 1stLieutenant Veteran Corps of the First Regiment of the Pennsylvania National Guard

1891: Birthdate of University of Maryland Medical School graduate and WW I Army Medical Corps veteran Dr. Herbert L Langer, “the president of the medical board of Peninsula General Hospital” and the husband of “the former Helen Stein” with whom he had “two sons, Howard and Irwin”

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1966/02/26/96969974.pdf

1891: Birthdate of Rudolf Propper, a resident of Pilsen who was murdered at Izbica.

1892(20thof Nisan, 5652): Sixth Day of Pesach

1892: “Jews Who Speak Spanish” published today provided a review of Biblioteca Espanola-Portugueza Judaica: Jewish Authors-Titles of their Works in Spanish and Portuguese with a notice on Spanish Jews and a Collection of Spanish Proverbs by Meir Kayserling.

1892: In Brooklyn, NY, Temple Israel dedicated its new building a the corner of Bedford and Lafayette Avenues.

1892: Based on reports published today the personal efforts of Emperor William bring peace between the Government and the Conservatives have been hampered by Pastor Stoecker and his anti-Jewish policies which are growing ever more popular.

1892: “Clerical Control of Education Their Ultimatum” published today included a description of a libel trial in Berlin during which the President of the Berlin Municipal School Bard testified “that out of the twenty-four members composing the board thirteen, or a majority, were Jews and the rest agnostics and that all of them cooperated against religious teaching in the schools.”

1892: An article entitled “Given A Breathing Spell” attributes the sluggishness in the New York real estate market to the celebration of Easter and Passover.  As the author says, “It is a good thing for the real estate market that such holidays as the Passover and Easter do not come too often.”

1893(1st of Iyar, 5653): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1893: The will of Mrs. Babet Karl, the widow of Abraham Karl was executed today and Benjamin Blumenthal, Simon Goldsmith and Theodore Hirsch were named as executors.

1893: It was reported today that the leading Jews of Bulgaria have ordered from Budapest “an album inlaid with diamonds, rubies and emeralds to be given to Prince Ferdinand and his bridge on their wedding day.”

1893: As the New York Jewish community responded to aggressive attempts by Protestants to convert Jews, Rabbi Joseph Silverman of Temple Emanu-El embellished on his sermon give yesterday by saying “I am not ready to be drawn into a public discussion on this subject but the charges which I make against the Christians I can prove, and if the Protestant organizations which are devoting themselves to this work of so-called convention will come forward and deny my general charges I will produce the facts on which my allegations rest specifically and in detail.”

1894: In Russia, “Nicholas and Fannie (Silver) Ehrlich” gave birth to Columbia educated physician David Ernest Ehrlich, the roentgenologist who raised his daughter Frances with his wife “Emma Grace Smith.”

1894(11thof Nisan, 5654): Seventy-five year old Fanny Neuda passed away.

http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Neuda_Fanny_Schmiedl

1895: As beef prices continue to rise, Jewish butchers on the lower East Side express their gloom about any chance of improvement.

1895: Birthdate of Warsaw native “Samuel David Landau,” the painter known as Lev-Landau who raised his son Jacob with his wife Lola


1895(23rdof Nisan, 5655): Fifty-two year old Moritz Dessauer, the son of Gabriel L. Dessauer, who was the district rabbi at Meiningen and author of several works including one on Spinoza and Hobbes passed away today.

1895(23rdof Nisan, 5655): Seventy-seven year old Hermann “Hirschel” Bodenheimer, the son of Emanuel and Johanna Bodenheimer passed away today after which he was buried in the Durbach Jewish Cemetery.

1895(23rdof Nisan, 5655): Fifty-eight year old Jorge Isaacs Ferrer, the son of “George Henry Isaacs, an English Jew originally from Jamaica” and whom Isaac Goldberg described as “a half-Jew” “who is “Spanish America’s most famous novelist” passed away today.

http://walldesign.ml/jorge-isaacs-ferrer-april--was-a-colombian-writer-politician-and-soldier-his-only-novel-maria-became-one-of-the-most-notable-works-of-the.html

http://biography.yourdictionary.com/jorge-isaacs

1895: Three days after she had perished in a yachting accident, 15 year old Lily Gertrude Barton, was buried today at the “Balls Pond Jewish Cemetery.”

1895: Thanks to the efforts of New York state senator Joseph C. Wolff, the Hebrew Infant Asylum received its charter today.

1895: In South Carolina, Mary Beatrice Levy married Miguel Bofill

1896: The will of the late Leonard Friedman will filed for probate today in the Surrogate’s office.

1897(15thof Nisan, 5657): Pesach

1897: A list of the bequest’s made by the late Frances Danzig, the widow of Frances Danzig, whose estate was valued at $40,000 included “$500 to each of the following instiutions: The Montefiore Home for Chronic Invalids, the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum, the Mounts Sinai Hospital and the Home for Aged and Infirm Hebrews” as well as “the income of the sum of $1,000 to be applied by Temple Emanu-El to the care of the Danzig family plot in the Salem Fields Cemetery.”

1897: Art and Artists published today described recently published books including A Handful of Exotics: Scenes and Incidents Chiefly of Russo-Jewish Life by Samuel Gordon

1898: “Comic Opera for Charity” published today described the performance given by the Young Folks’ League of the Hebrew Infant Asylum of “The Little Tycoon” in which Silas Musliner directed the members including Henry D. Kleinman Emanuel Cohen, Celia Baumann, Clara Weinstein and J.S. Kornicker, in an event designed to raise fund for the orphans.

1900: Herzl began a two week journey that would take him from Karlsruhe, to Paris and finally to London. Like so many of his trips, Herzl was again seeking support from the rich and famous for the creation of a Jewish homeland in the Land of Israel.

1901: “Jewish Visitors to Palestine” published today described the response of Secretary of State Hay to an inquiry by Senator Mitchell of Oregon concerning a request by one of his constituents, Solomon Hirsch of Portland, that the United States lodge a protest with the Ottoman government over its new regulation that foreign born Jews not be allowed to stay in Palestine for any more than three months.

1902: Three days after he had passed away, Lionel Jacob Samuel “the elder son of” Frederick Samuel and Sarah Mocatta” was buried today at the Balls Pond Road Jewish Cemetery.”

1902: The Dr. Joseph H. Hertz, who was a member of Lord Milner's High or Advisory Committee in South Africa, and Chaplain of the Rand Rifles, was among the passengers who arrived on the White Star liner Teutonic today.  Yes, the Rabbi Hertz who gave us the “Hertz Chumash” and the “Hertz Siddur” served as the chaplain for a military unit that helped protect Johannesburg during the Boer War.

1903(20thof Nisan, 5663): Sixth Day of Pesach

1903: Birthdate of Russian born, cellist Gregor Piatigorsky.  This musical prodigy escaped Lenin’s Russia,made his way to the United States where he made a name for himself as a performer and academic.  He passed away in 1976.

1903(20thof Nisan, 5663): Seventy year old Abraham Printz,, the native of Kashau  and husband of Rosa Printz with whom he had seven children passed today in Youngstown, Ohio.

1904: Birthdate of New York native and playwright Edward Chodorov.

http://www.nytimes.com/1988/10/12/obituaries/edward-chodorov-84-playwright-and-writer-and-producer-of-films.html

1905: The First American Rumanian Congregation was scheduled to continue distributing matzoth to poor Jews living on the Lower East Side today.

1905: Birthdate of Italian Zionist Enzo Sereni, the founder of a kibbutz and volunteer member of British parachute unit that jumped behind German lines along with others including Hannah Senesh who was murdered at Dachau.

http://www.zionism-israel.com/bio/biography_enzo_sereni.htm

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/enzo-sereni

1906(22ndof Nisan, 5666): Eighth Day of Pesach and Yizkor are completed just in the nick of time for the residents of San Francisco since the great earthquake took place on the following day.

1907: “A menacing French naval demonstration” which was thought by some to increase France’s influence in Morocco, took place off of Mogador, “a fortified city and seaport on the Atlantic whose population of Jews went from approximately 4,000 in the 1840’s to 12,000 by 1912.

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/mogador

1908(16thof Nisan, 5668): Second Day of Pesach and the first day of the Omer is counted for the last time during the Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt

1909(26thof Nisan, 5669): Sixty year old Andrew Rosewater, the native of Bohemia who came to the United States in 1854 and pursued a career where he pursued a career as a civil engineer passed away after which he was buried in Omaha, Nebraska.

http://www.jmaw.org/rosewater-jewish-omaha-bee/

1910: In Warsaw, Zelig and Henia (nee Lieberman) Vilenski gave birth to Israeli composer Moshe Vilenski who “was voted the 187th-greatest Israeli of all time, in a poll by the Israeli news website Ynet to determine whom the general public considered the 200 Greatest Israelis.” He collaborated with lyricist Nathan Alterman and singer Shoshana Damari to create the Israeli classic “Kalaniyot.”

1910: By four o’clock this afternoon, at least 3,000 persons had been given supplies for Passover by the United Hebrew Community at their offices on East Broadway. Distribution of the supplies is schedule to continue throughout the week or until they run out, whichever comes first.

1910: Louis Diamond, Secretary of the United Hebrew Community called for additional contributions to help defray the costs of the increased demand for Passover supplies to help out the city’s needy Jews.

1911: According to statements made tonight, a Kheillah is meeting to consider what steps to take in the case of Esther Yachnin, the sixteen year old girl who converted to Christianity last year at the age of 15.  Esther had come to United States at the age of 13 and had enrolled in an English language class offered by the Young Women’s Christian Association which eventually led to her conversion.  The parents had no prior knowledge of the plans for the conversion.  Given the Esther’s youth and the estrangement from her family and community, Jews living on the Lower East Side question the validity of the conversion.  They may also be concerned that their unsuspecting children will become candidates for similar such conversions. The Kheillah is considering legal action if such recourse to law can be effective.

1911: Birthdate of George Stenius who grew up to be director George Seaton. According to Hello, I Must Be Going: Groucho and His Friends by Charlotte Chandler, Seaton “grew upon in a Jewish neighborhood in Detroit where he was the “Shabbas goy for his friends” learned enough Hebrew to be “bar mitzvahed” receiving the fabled fountain pen as a gift.

1912: Birthdate of British lawyer and patron of the arts Isador Caplan.

1912: “Mountain Ridge Country Club, located in West Caldwell, New Jersey, was officially formed today, when 25 charter members filed a Document of Incorporation with the State of New Jersey. Among its founders were Louis Bamberger, whose Newark department store, Bamberger’s, was among the largest in the Unites States, and Felix Fuld, Bamberger’s brother-in-law who was the first Parks Commissioner of New Jersey. The prominent membership has also included Joseph Weintraub, former Chief Justice of the New Jersey Supreme Court, U.S. Senator Frank Lautenberg, and A.J. Dimond.

1913: Seventy-eight year old German-born British shipbuilder and politician Gustav Wilhelm Wolff passed away. He was raised as a Lutheran because his father had converted before his birth.  This was one of many examples of Jews who were “lost” in the wake of those who thought a trip to the baptismal font was the price of economic success and/or social acceptance.  The racial policies of the Nazis would prove them wrong.

1914(21stof Nisan, 5674): Seventh Day of Pesach

1914: Original date set for the execution of Leo Frank.

1915(3rdof Iyar, 5675): Parashat Tazria-Metzora

1915: The Zion Mule Corps left for Gallipoli. Commanded by Colonel Henry Patterson and organized by Trumpeldor and Jabotinsky, they were a Jewish auxiliary unit of the British Army. The British were not interested in giving them the ability to fight, so they were assigned to provide provisions to the front lines.  Gallipoli was part of the Ottoman Empire.  With the stalemate on the Western Front, Churchill convinced other Allied leaders to attack at Gallipoli in an attempt to outflank the Central Powers. Churchill thought the Allies would easily defeat the Turks, open up the water route to Russia and end the war.  Unfortunately, the plan and the Allied Forces, including the Zion Mule Corps were forced to withdraw.  The Jewish troops performed with distinction and later became the nucleus for the Jewish Legion that was formed in 1917.  This was part of the on-going process of the creation of creating what would eventually become the IDF.  While the original Zionist dream had been a peaceful, almost pacifist comments, the realities of the neighborhood forced the Jews to become adept warriors.

1915: “The following additional appropriations for the relief of the war sufferers” were reported today” to have been made by the Executive Committee of the American Jewish Relief Committee: “$15,000 to Russian Poland; $15000 to German Poland; $50,000 to those parts of Galicia now occupied by Russia; $3,000 to Monastir, Serbia and $2,500 to Aleppo, Syria.”

1916(14th of Nisan, 5676):Ta'anit Bechorot;  Erev Pesach

1916: Harold Rich “was the master of ceremonies” at a Seder held tonight in Sing Sing Prison conducted by the Jewish member of the Mutual Welfare League which included a sermon by Dr. Abraham Cronbach of the Free Synagogue of New York City “on the religious significance of the event” and a violin solo by Dachin Jacobson.

1916: Approximately “175 Jewish soldiers and sailors from forts and battleships near” New York City joined “with 200 others” for “a Seder at the Young Men’s Hebrew Association building at the corner of Lexington Avenue and Ninety-second Street.

1916: Rabbi Stephen Wise officiated at the marriage of Elinor Fatman and Henry Morgenthau, Jr; a marriage that was unusual for its time because the bride had proposed to the groom.

1916: Isadore Hershfield of the Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society of New York returned to Berlin from Vienna and a trip through Galicia and the Austrian-occupied sections of Poland where he “completed arrangements for forwarding letters and appeals for assistance from distressed Jews and other inhabitant to relatives in the United States.

1916: It was learned today that David R. Francis, the new American Ambassador to Russia who has just left for his new post is carrying with him a draft for a new treaty of commerce which is intended to replace the old treaty which was allowed to lapse a few years ago “because of the refusal of the Russian Government to honor proper passports issued to American Jews, particularly to American Jewish citizens of Russian birth.”

1916: “Herman Bernstein” became “editor of the American Hebrew today.”

1917(25thof Nisan, 5677): During WW I, Lieutenant-colonel Rene Cahen was killed today.

1917(25thof Nisan, 5677): Gustavus I. Peavy, of Peavy Brothers who was a director of the National Association of Clothiers passed away today.

1917: In Russia, “the first congress of the Jewish Social Democratic Party known as ‘the Bund’ opened today” and the leading item on the agenda was the condition of the Jews in Finland.

1917: French President Raymond Poincare bemoaned the fact that “in London our agreements are now considered null and void.”  He was upset by the fact that the British were now calling for a larger role in the post-World War Middle East including acknowledgement of Zionist plans for Palestine.

1917: During World War I, the British army employs tanks for one of the first times in the Middle East in an attempt to defeat the Turks at Gaza.  The so-called Second Battle of Gaza will prove to be a costly defeat for His Majesty’s Forces who will suffer over six thousand casualties.

1918: “Jews Protest To Baker” published today described the formal complaint being lodged by Louis Marshall the prominent New York lawyer and chair of the American Jewish Committee with Secretary of War Newton Baker concerning discrimination against Jewish soldiers that also contends a demand that the discrimination be stopped and the officers responsible for it be punished.

1919(17thof Nisan, 5679): Third day of Pesach

1919: Bernhard Dernburg, whose father publisher Friedrich Dernburg had converted to the Lutheran religion began serving today as “Federal Minister of Finance and Vice Canceller” during the early days of the Weimar Republic.

1919: In Chicago, the funeral was today for Jacob Joel, th1919: As part of an episode that would have far-reaching implications for the Middle East in general and Israel in particular, the French prepared a declaration today that was presented to Prince Feisal.  Feisal expected the document to be a written affirmation of Clemenceau’s promise of total Arab independence for Syria – a Syria to be ruled by Feisal.  But according to the French document, the French army would occupy Damascus, and the new Arab nation would actually exist as a mere federation of local autonomous states in which all the government advisers, including the governors and heads of major government bureaus, as well as the judiciary, would be French, under Paris's control as they were in Lebanon. What's more, Faisal himself would be compelled to publicly declare the importance of France's historic relationship with the Maronite Christians. Other than that, said the French, Syria would be completely "independent."  Faisal quickly refused, encouraged by Lawrence of Arabia, who advised him to demand total independence "without conditions or reservations." Clemenceau, however, would not tolerate what he considered Arab impudence. Faisal summarily left Paris for Syria to claim his nation. Faisal, who had signed a letter welcoming the Zionists to Palestine, would fail.  The perfidy of the French would lead to an unstable Syria that would become an implacable enemy of Israel. Faisal would settle for throne of another British creation, Iraq. 

1920: The Twelfth Conference of the Bund continued its meeting Gomel.

1921:”The 32ndannual convention” of American Reform Rabbis that had included a lecture by Professor Jacob Z. Lauterbach “on the attitude of the Jew toward the non-Jew” and a visit at the White House with President and Mrs. Harding is scheduled to come to an end today in Washington, D.C.

1922(19thof Nisan, 5682): Fourth Day of Pesach.

1922: “5,000 Begin Drive For Zionist Fund” published today described a meeting at Carnegie Hall which marked the opening of campaign to raise three million dollars for the Palestine Foundation Fun which was addressed by Colonel John H. Patterson, the former commander of the British “Jewish Legion” during the World War.

1923(1st of Iyar, 5683): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1923: “Turkish Jews Dine Fouad” published today, described a dinner “given by the Sephardic and Ottoman Societies of New York at which “Dr. Fouad Bey, a former Minister of the Interior and Social of Turkey and a member of the Turkish National Assembly was the guest honor” which was a fund-raiser to provide assistance for Turkish orphans.

1924: Today, the ownership of “The Dewey House, also referred to as Building 29, North Chicago VA Medical Center,” which was designed by David Adler “was transferred to the United States Department of Veterans Affair.”

1924: In Brooklyn, Joseph Geller, an artist who earned a living painting signs, and his wife, Olga gave birth to ” Andrew Geller, an architect who embodied postwar ingenuity and optimism in a series of inexpensive beach houses in whimsical shapes, many of them in the Hamptons, and who helped bring modernism to the masses with prefabricated cottages sold at Macy’s.” (As reported by Fred A. Bernstein)

1924: Metro Pictures, Goldwyn Pictures & Louis B Mayer Company merged to form MGM. Many of the early motion picture studios were dominated, if not owned outright, by Jews.  Many of them were immigrants who made movies idealizing America since that was what sold at the box office.  The film industry may have been run by Jews, but you sure would not have known from the content.

1925: “The Golden Calf” a silent drama filmed by cinematographer Mutz Grennbaum was released in Germany today.

1925(23rdof Nisan, 5686) One day after the end of Pesach, fifty-eight year old Godfrey Charles Joseph Isaacs, the brother of Rufus Isaacs, the 1st Marquess of Reading, the husband of Lea Constance Perelli with whom he had two sons – Marcel and Dennys  -- and, starting in 1910, the “Managing Director of Marcon’s Wireless Telegraph Company” which led to his involvement in an insider trading scandal known as “the Marconi Scandal of 1912 passed away today.

1925: “Father Voss” a silent comedy written by Robert Liebman was released in Germany today.

1926: Birthdate of Aharon Yadlin, the sabra from Ben Shemen who served with Palmach and as an MK and Education Minster from 1974 through 1977.

1926: Birthdate of British composer Ronald Senator.

http://www.timesofisrael.com/jewish-composer-and-his-musician-wife-die-in-ny-house-fire/

1927(15thof Nisan, 5687): Pesach

1927: At Congregation B’nai Jeshurun, Rabbi Israel Goldstein is scheduled to deliver a Passover sermon “The Messiah – A Universal Hope.”

1927: “HIAS Now Aids Immigrants Who Must Go To Other Lands” published today described the assistance the organization is giving to settle Jews in places including South America.

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=9D02E5DD1430E033A25754C1A9629C946695D6CF

1928: According to an interview sent out by the Jewish Telegraph Agency, Emil Vandervelde, a member of the Belgian Cabinet, is “greatly impressed” with the work being done by the Jewish settlers in Palestine. He said that it was only through personal observation that he “had he been able to understand the difficulties and appreciate their achievements in transforming deserts and swamps into flourishing” settlements.  He “cited the municipality of Tel Aviv as a marvelous expression” of the Jewish ability to build and improve the land.  Furthermore, in a speech at Hebrew University, the Belgian leader cited Zionism’s “fraternal tendencies toward the Arabs which was an important factor toward international peace.

1928: A conference of Communist youth being held in Tel Aviv was broken up by police.  Fourteen boys, including one Arab, and six girls were detained by the authorities.

1928: Birthdate of Cynthia Ozick, author of the “Puttermesser Papers”. Born in New York City to Jewish immigrants from Russia, who both worked as pharmacists, Ozick grew up in the care of her grandmother, who was always telling her stories. She grew up to write several more novels full of Jewish mysticism and history, including “The Messiah of Stockholm”and “The Puttermesser Papers”but she's perhaps best known for her essays, collected in  Art and Ardor,Metaphor and Memory and Quarrel and Quandary (2000).  Ozick said, "I believe a writer can weave in and out of genres—do it all. It is a gluttonous point of view, to be sure. Then again, when it comes to writing, that is what I truly am and nothing less: a glutton."

1929: As of today, the Jews of Cincinnati have contributed $107,000 to the Cleveland Jewish Orphan Home Fund for a New Building chaired by Herbert R. Bloch.

1929: “Mascots” a silent movie filmed by cinematographer Mutz Greenbaum was released today in Germany.

1931(30th of Nisan, 5691): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1931: In South Central Los Angeles, Morris George Axelrod, “an organizer for the radical Industrial Workers of the World union” and “the former Pearl Plaskoff” gave birth to “producer, arranger and composer” David Axelrod.

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/16/arts/music/david-axelrod-dead-music-producer-composer.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

1931: Birthdate of Harold Martin Feinstein, whose black and white pictorial record of his native Coney Island marked him as yet “another Jew with a camera.”

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/30/arts/harold-feinstein-dies-at-84-froze-new-york-moments-in-black-and-white.html?rref=obituaries&module=Ribbon&version=origin&region=Header&action=click&contentCollection=Obituaries&pgtype=article

1931: The Post Office in England is planning to broadcast “from Jerusalem” today “as part of the celebration of the seventh anniversary of the Hebrew University.” (JTA)

1933(21stof Nisan, 5693): Seventh Day of Pesach

1932: “Announcements have been received” in New Haven CT of the engagement of Miss Leone Yaffe, the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Yaffe of Park Avenue, New York to Syracuse University graduate Myles Stodel Friedman, son of Mr. and Mrs. Abram of New Haven

1934: “The three-day annual convention of the New York State Conference of the National Council of Jewish Women” is scheduled to come to an end in Syracuse, NY.

1934(2ndof Iyar, 5694): Fifty-three year old Harry Krensky, a merchant in Waterloo, Iowa, passed away today.

1934(2ndof Iyar, 5694): Maria Isaak the wife of Abraham Isaak with whom she “founded the anarchist-inspired Aurora Colony near Lincoln, California” in 1909 passed away today.

1934: Birthdate of Don Kirshner who was “known as The Man With the Golden Ear.” He was an American song publisher and rock producer who is best known for managing songwriting talent as well as successful pop groups such as The Monkees and The Archies. He passed away in 2011.

1935(14thof Nisan, 5695): Ta’anit Bechorot; Erev Pesach

1935: Ben Heiineman married Natalie Goldstein who as Natalie Goldstein Heineman became a pioneering national champion for children’s welfare and respected community and national leader, who changed the lives of thousands of children through her innovative and thoughtful leadership.” (As reported by Pastora San Juan Cafferty)

1935: In a sermon delivered this evening “at the Downtown Branch of the Institutional Synagogue” Rabbi Herbert S. Goldstein said that “the world has come to realize that Hitler is not only the enemy of the Jew but also the enemy of God” and that “Hitlerism could have and would have been nipped in the bud” it had not been deemed a Jewish problem “but a humanitarian problem.”

1936: Eighty-one year old German orientalist Fritz Hommel author of Ancient Hebrew Tradition passed away today.

1936: In Tel Aviv, the funeral for 61 year old Israel Hazan who had been killed during a robbery two days ago by Arab who said they were stealing money “to buy arms to carry on the work of the ‘Holy Martyrs’” turned into demonstration which turned violent when “police prohibited eulogies” and attempted to divert the funeral procession.

1936: At a funeral held this morning in Tel Aviv for a Jewish victim of Arab violence, a clash broke out between Jewish protesters and police.

1936: Mrs. Amy G. Wyle, the chairman of the Women’s Division of the Greater New York Campaign of the Joint Distribution Committee which seeking to raise $1,500,000 as the city’s share of the national fund for the aide of Jews of Germany and Central and Eastern Europe hosted a dinner at Park Avenue home tonight.

1936: At today’s hearings being conducted by the Senate Lobby Committee correspondence was produced between W. Cleveland Runyon of Plainfield, NJ and Alexander Lincoln, an investment bank from Boston and the President of the Sentinels of the Republic in which Mr. Lincoln “declared the ‘Jewish threat’ to the United States was a ‘real one’” to which Mr. Runyon replied, “old-line Americans…want a Hitler.”

1937: Rabbi William Rosneblum is scheduled to lead services this morning at Temple Israel.

1937: Today, “The Committee for Special Jewish Interests” “which represents 120,000 Jews living in the Netherlands” “issued a protest against the prohibition by Germany of all Jewish meetings for sixty days in retaliation for Mayor Fiorello La Guardia’s speeches in New York.”

1938(16thof Nisan, 5698): Second Day of Pesach

1938: “Attacking ‘totalitarian religion’ Rabbi Stephen S. Wise declared in” his Sunday morning sermon at the Free Synagogue in Carnegie Hall “that Jews cannot believe in ‘the Christ of dogma’ in order ‘to be saved or to be safe.” The sermon was in response to two books Where Now, Little Jew”? by Magnus Hermansson and An Open Letter to Jews and Christians by John Cournos that “attempt to prove that the answer to the Jewish problem lies in the acceptance of Jesus Christ.”

1938: Arturo Toscanini conducts the Palestine Orchestra in a second performance in Tel Aviv.  Unlike last night’s performance which was given to a packed house filled with officials and those who could afford high priced tickets, tonight’s performance was for workers who paid greatly reduced prices for their tickets.

1939: “Menuhin Aids Refugees” published today described a concert given by Yehudi Menuhin in London that raised more than five thousand pounds “for the benefit of Jewish refugees.”

1939: Adolf Hitler said he would respond to yesterday’s speech by FDR which was a “plea for peace” at a meeting of the Reichstag on April 28.

1940: In Brooklyn, “George Stein, a stockbroker, and the former Anne Shuchman, who taught history and civics at Erasmus Hall High School” to award winning author Professor Judith Stein. (As reported by Sam Roberts)

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/12/books/judith-stein-dead-historian-author-on-marcus-garvey.html

1940: Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt went to dinner this evening at the residence of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Morgenthau, Jr. at the Washington residence of the Secretary of the Treasury.

1941(20thof Nisan, 5701): Sixth day of Pesach

1941: In the Warsaw Ghetto, “Michał Klepfisz, a member of the Jewish Labour Bund (Yiddish: der algemeyner yidisher arbeter bund), and his wife, Rose Klepfisz (née Shoshana Perczykow)” gave birth to “Yiddishist” Irena Klepfisz, the co-editor of The Tribe of Dina: A Jewish Women’s Anthology.

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/klepfisz-irena

1941: Following a coup staged by “four anti-British army colonels” who called themselves “The Gold Square” staged a coup which was supported by the Nazis, “British troops landed unopposed in Basra” and following military successes forced the Germans, Italians and their Arab Allies, including the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, to flee.

1941: Yugoslavia surrenders to the Nazis. Nearly 60,000 Jews were murdered by the German army.   Gold teeth from the murdered victims were later found in the palace of the Catholic Bishop of Zagreb (Croatia).

1941(20th of Nisan, 5701):  In Warsaw, a Jewish policeman named Ginsberg was bayoneted and shot by German soldiers after asking a soldier to return a sack of potatoes taken from a Jewish woman.

1941: Photojournalist David E. Scherman was among the 201 passengers aboard the Egyptian liner Zamzam when it was sunk by the German “surface raider” Atlantis which the British would find and sink thanks to the photographs he took from a lifeboat.

1942: French General Henri Giraud escapes from his castle prison in Festung Königstein where he was a German POW.  Giraud joined the Free French in North Africa. In 1943, while serving as High Commissioner he said that Vichy's anti-Jewish laws "no longer exist," promised to hold municipal elections in North Africa. He also revoked the Cremieux Decree of 1870, which granted French citizenship en bloc to Jews in Algeria, but excluded the Arabs. Henceforth, Moslems and Jews must complement each other economically, "the latter working in his shop, the former in the desert, without either having advantage over the other, France assuring both security and tranquility." This even-handed sounding speech is a bit disingenuous.  Many of the Vichy restrictions against Jews continued during this period in an attempt by the Allies to placate the Arabs.

1942(30th of Nisan, 5702):  The Gestapo entered the Warsaw ghetto and shot 52 people on Rosh Chodesh Iyar.

1943: Birthdate of journalist, writer and member of the Brandeis faculty, Robert Kuttner.

1943: In a meeting at Klessheim Castle near Salzburg, Hitler met with the Hungarian Regent, Admiral Horthy, to urge the Hungarians to deport their Jewish population. Hitler explained, ". . . they are just pure parasites . . . they had to be treated like tuberculosis bacilli which in a healthy body may become infected." Horthy and Hungary continued to hold out against Hitler's demands.  Things would change in 1944 and most of Hungary's Jews became victims of the Final Solution.

[Editor’s Note: Holocaust Deniers might want to consider the findings of British author Gerald Reitlinger.  He claimed to have found conclusive proof of a Hitlerian liquidation policy in the protocol of a conversation between Hitler and Hungarian Regent Horthy on April 17, 1943. Hitler complained about the black market and subversive activities of Hungarian Jews and then made the following comment: "They have thoroughly put an end to these conditions in Poland. If the Jews don't wish to work there, they will be shot. If they cannot work, at least they won't thrive"]

1944: Mordechai (Motke) Eldar was among the Jews from Transylvanian taken to the Sltina Ghetto where he would be held until May when he was shipped to Auschwitz.

1944: Seventy-three year old German actor Eugen Burg who had converted to Christianity to Judaism but was banned from the film industry when the Nazis came to power died today at Theresienstadt concentration camp today.

1944: The Lady and the Monster” based on a novel by Curt Siodmak with a script by Frederick Kohner co-starring Erich von Stroheim was released in the United States today.

1945: Surviving inmates of Sachsenhausen and Ravenbruck were forced to march deeper into Germany. With the war coming to an end, the Germans continued to force evacuees including 17,000 women and 46,000 men to move away from the Allied armies.  Those who once boasted of their effort to make Europe "Jew Free" now worked feverishly to cover up what would come to be called "Crimes Against Humanity."

1945: Today, Captain Leslie Hardman, “the 32-year-old Senior Jewish Chaplain to the British Forces, attached to the 8th Corps of the British 2nd Army” “entered Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, two days after it had been liberated by British military forces…”

1945: Lieutenant Al Ungerleider approached Nordhausen with orders to take and hold part of an industrial complex there. “His detachment had to fight its way through the gates and the barbed wire, dodging machine-gun fire from enemy soldiers hiding in towers near the entrance. After his men took out the enemy, the camp inmates began to appear. They were so emaciated that only a few could stand upright. Some fell over, he recalled. Still others were lying in bed, covered in lice and sores. Lt. Ungerleider sent his men to check the grounds for remaining Nazi soldiers. They captured 44 SS troopers, all of whom surrendered. Billy Millhander, one of” his “soldiers, Ungerlider entered a large building at the center of the camp and discovered 10 huge ovens — crematoriums.” At the time, he did not know what they were. According to Ungerleider, “The ovens were cold, and the doors were closed.” he said. He began opening the doors of the oven expecting to find German troops in hiding. “The first four contained ashes. But when the lieutenant opened the fifth, Millhander immediately fired several rounds, killing an armed German guard.” They returned to the main yard, and Lt. Ungerleider spoke a mixture of Yiddish, English and German to the camp inmates. He asked how many were still alive. The reply came: maybe 250 out of thousands. He asked what they were making at the plant. Someone said V-2 rockets, missiles that were launched against England. “And that’s when the enormity of the evil that the Germans were doing to these people hit me,” Ungerleider said later. “And this was a slave labor camp, not a death camp. They were making a product for the war effort. The first thought that came into my mind is how the Germans could take [thousands of people] and put them to work. How could they not feed them, take care of their medical needs, not clothe them?” He led the survivors in the mourner’s kaddish, the Jewish prayer for the dead. Al Ungerleider enjoyed a successful career in the U.S. Army rising to the rank of General.  At the same time, he remained an active member of the Jewish community wherever he was stationed.

1945: Robert Limpert, the head of a genuine anti-Nazi underground group, sought to get the leaders of the Bavarian city of Ansbach to defy Wehrmacht fanatics and to surrender to the approaching American Army.

1945: William Scott of the 183rd Combat Engineers, an all-African-American unit took pictures of Leon Bass and other members of the unit at Buchenwald six days after its liberation by the U.S. Army.

1946(16thof Nisan, 5706): Second Day of Pesach; 1st day of the Omer

1946: “Admission after admission fell from the lips of Dr. Alfred Rosenberg today as the United States prosecutor, Thomas J. Dodd, destroyed the Nazi philosopher's selfportrait as a kindly benefactor and forced the German to admit responsibility for the Nazi regime in the plundered and devastated lands of Nazi-occupied Eastern Europe.”

1946: It was reported today that the “hunger strike by 15 Jewish leaders” in Palestine came to an end after “it was announced that the Palestine administration had agreed to the admission of all 1,200 refugees detained in northern Italy.

1947: One day after he had passed away funeral services are scheduled to be held today for 83 year old Rabbi Simon Finkelstien, “the dean of the Brooklyn Rabbinate.

https://www.cincinnatijudaicafund.com/index.php/Detail/objects/4331

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1947/04/17/87517640.pdf

1947: General Lucius D. Clay, the United States Military Governor, announced today the closing of displaced camps in Germany “to further Jewish refugees infiltrating from Poland.”

1947: “Top representative of the American-Jewish Joint Committee were scheduled to meet in Paris in response to General Clay’s announcement.

1947: “Pan Ruczaj, described as the organizer of last July’s anti-Semitic riot in Kielce, where forty-two Jews were killed, surrendered to Polish security officers in Waldenberg, Silesia” but even though he “made a full confession, “under the terms of the Polish amnesty, he will not be punished.”

1948(8th of Nisan, 5708): On Shabbat Hagadol news came that a convoy bringing in needed supplies to Jerusalem had broken through by night. Crowds came down to the Romema road block to greet the convoy. Over 250 lorries bringing a thousand tons of food and arms and ammunition came streaming into the entrance to the city. Written on the first lorry were the words: "If I forget thee, O Jerusalem, may my right hand forget its cunning".

1948: As Jewish soldiers fight to open the road to Jerusalem and break the blockade that was strangling the city reports circulate through the City of David that five Arab villages had been taken and as many as 350 Arab fighters had been killed.

1948: In his report on the massacre of the staff going to the Hadassah Hospital on Mt. Scopus, Robert Watson, the American Consul in Jerusalem wrote " . . . queried as to whether convoy included armoured cars, Haganah guards, arms and ammunition in addition to doctors, nurses and patients, Kohn [of the Jewish Agency] replied in affirmative saying it was necessary to protect convoy."

1949(18th of Nisan, 5709): Meir Bar-llan, an Orthodox Rabbi from Lithuania who was a leader of the Mizrachi movement passed away today in Jerusalem. Bar-Illan University was named in his memory.

1950: The New York Times reported that the obsolete conditions at the port of Tel Aviv pose a threat to the continued economic growth of the infant Jewish state.  According to Jose Ensuade, President of Flomarcy Company, “Israel’s maritime position and the continued growth of her foreign comer, which has had an almost phenomenal growth may be impaired unless harbor facilities are improved.”  He marveled at the fact that the port which is the nation’s entry point for 25,000 immigrants arriving each month and which has seen a remarkable growth in trade “is virtually without modern docking facilities.”

1951: Birthdate of Yaky Yosha, the Tel Aviv born award winning film director.

1952(22nd of Nisan, 5712): 8th day of Pesach

1954(14th of Nisan, 5714): Shabbat Ha-Gadol; Erev Pesach

1954: Aaron Jean-Marie Lustiger who was born as into an Ashkenazi Jewish family was ordained as a Roman Catholic Priest today.

1954: In Tel Aviv, the family of Emanuel Shoam celebrates the first Seder with three friends of his brother Joe, who had been held as a prisoner of war by the Jordanians during the War of Independence.  The three were a young Canadian Jew named Martin and two gentile deserters from the British army named Paddy and Harry who had stolen tanks from the British in 1948 and brought them to the Haganah.

1955: Chicago Cubs’ pitcher Hy Cohen played in his first major league baseball game.

1957: George Pirkis Kidd, Canada’s first Ambassador to Israel, completed his term of service.

1957: Margaret Blanche Meagher began serving as Canada’s Ambassador to Israel, making her the first Canadian woman to hold an ambassadorial place.

1958(27thof Nisan, 5718): Yom HaShoah

1958: Los Angeles Dodgers’ pitcher Larry Sherry appears in his first major league baseball game.  Sherry would lead the Dodgers to a World Series Championship in 1959.

1959: U.S. premiere of “Imitation of Life” the cinematic treatment of Fannie Hurt’s novel produced by Ross Hunter with a musical score co-authored by Sammy Fain.

1961: In London, Bernardine Coverley and artist Lucian Freud gave birth fashion designer Bella Freud, the great granddaughter of the inventor of psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud.

1962(13thof Nisan, 5722): Eighty-one year old C.C.N.Y (B.S.) and Columbia University (Ph.D.) trained biologist Dr. Abraham Goldforb, the London born son of Morris and Anna (Mishkowsky) Goldforb and  CCNY Professor specializing in physiology and experimental embryologist who was the husband of Dr. Frances Shostac and father of Mrs. Miriam Dinerman passed away today.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1962/04/18/94100787.html?pageNumber=37

1964: Birthdate of Ofer Hugi, the Shas MK who ended up going to prison for two years after being convicted of numerous illegal acts.

1965(15th of Nisan, 5725): 1st day of Pesach

1965: Cincinnati Reds outfielder Art Shamsky appears in his first major league baseball game.

1966: Two days after he had passed away, funeral services were scheduled to be held this afternoon at the Riverside for sixty year old University of Chicago alum Alvin Handmacher, the president of Handmacher-Vogel Inc. and founder of the Handmacher Foundation who raised three daughters with his wife “the former Margaret Murdock”

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1966/04/16/82431991.pdf

1967: CBS broadcast the final episode of “Gilligan’s Island” a sitcom created by Sherwood Schwartz and co-starring Natalie Schafer as “Lovey Wentworth Howell.”

1967:  Egypt, Syria and Iraq signed a treaty of alliance that placed their military forces under a unified command with the stated purpose of “liberating Palestine” i.e. destroying the state of Israel.

1968(19thof Nisan, 5728): Fifth Day of Pesach

1968(19thof Nisan, 5728): Fifty year old “American microbiologist” Sol Haberman, the Chicago born son of “Nathan and Eva (Yankovitch) Haberman” and husband of “Carletta Jeanne Rambo” who had earned a PhD from OSU and went from being lecturer on bacteriology at SMU to directing the graduate studies division of the Graduate School College of Dentistry passed away today.

1968(19thof Nisan, 5728): Seventy-five year old Birmingham born Pathologist Arnold Rice Rich, the husband of “pianist and composer Helen Jones and the father of Adrienne and Cynthia Rich, whose scientific work led to the discovery of Rich Focus, passed away today. http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/2547.html

1969: Sirhan Sirhan, the Palestinian terrorist, was convicted of murdering Senator Robert Kennedy, the leading nominee for the Democratic nominee for the Presidential nomination, thus single handedly changing the course of history.

1970: The Auditorium Building in Chicago “one of the best known designs of Dankmar Adler” and his partner “was added to the National Register of Historic Places” today.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Auditorium_Building_Chicago_June_30,_2012-92.jpg

1971(22ndof Nisan, 5731): Eighth Day of Pesach and Shabbat Shel Pesach

1971: Susan Brownmiller organized today’s New York Radical Feminist Conference on Rape

1973(15thof Nisan, 5733): Pesach

1973(15thof Nisan, 5733): Ninety-one year old Clara Ferrin-Bloom the native of Tucson, AZ who was a school teacher when she married merchant David Bloom with whom she had three children, one of whom David A. “established the Bloom Southwest Jewish Archives at the University of Arizona passed away today.

1974: “Professor David Azbel and his family were granted permission to emigrate to Israel” today.

1977: The Broadway production of “I Love My Wife” with a book and lyrics by Michael Steward, music by Cy Coleman and directed by Gene Sakes opened today at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre.

1978: NBC broadcast “The Road to Babi Yar” the second part he miniseries “Holocaust.”

1979(20thof Nisan, 5739): Sixth Day of Pesach

1979(20thof Nisan, 5739): Sixty-sixty year old Brooklyn born Edward Field, “the Manhattan rug designer and manufacturer” and husband of Eleanor Field with whom he raised one son passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/1979/04/19/archives/edward-fields-carpet-designer-and-manufacturer-is-dead-at-66.html

1979(20thof Nisan, 5739): Terrorists who had crossed the border from Lebanon killed one Israeli soldier today and injured six others.

1980: The Presidium of the Brussels World Conference on Soviet Jewry had its final meeting today in Paris.

1980: Today the art critic of the Chicago Evening post described Rumanian native Emil Armin, the grandson of a sofer who in 1905 came to the United States where he joined his brother, enrolled in night art classes after which he became a leading American painter “as perhaps the most finely sensitized artist in Chicago…with a soul of a peasant and poet and the mind of a philosopher.”

https://richardnortongallery.com/artists/emil-armin

https://richardnortongallery.com/artists/emil-armin/artworks/7148-humoresque

1983(4th of Iyar, 5743): Yom HaZikaron

1984(15thof Nisan, 5744): Pesach

1986: Authorities foiled an attempted bombing at Heathrow Airport. Israeli airline security guards at Heathrow Airport in London took a hard look at Anne-Marie Murphy and her luggage as she was about to board an El Al flight for Tel Aviv. Beneath a false bottom in her bag they found 10 pounds of plastic explosive rolled paper-thin -enough, the police said, to destroy the El Al Boeing 747 and its 340 passengers. The police said Miss Murphy told them that the bag, which had passed unnoticed through Heathrow security checks, had been handed to her by Nazar Hindawi, a Jordanian who had several passports. The woman's father said Mr. Hindawi had given Miss Murphy, who is pregnant, $300 to buy a wedding dress and promised that they would be married yesterday in Israel. At the airport, according to the police, Mr. Hindawi told his fiancee he had second thoughts about flying on an Israeli plane and would take a different airline. He hurried off but was arrested later at a London hotel. A sophisticated microchip timer was set to ignite the bomb after a stopover in Munich, the police said. It was possible that Miss Murphy, who had been working as a hotel maid in the London Hilton, intended to disembark at Munich, the police said, but more likely she was an innocent victim of the plot.

1986(8thof Nisan, 5746): Ninety-four year old French aircraft builder Marcel Dassault who as Marcel Bloch was imprisoned in Buchenwald for his refusal to collaborate with the Nazis passed and who became a Catholic after the war passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/1986/04/19/obituaries/marcel-dassault-leading-figure-in-french-aviation-is-dead-at-94.html

1987(18th of Nisan, 5747): Comedian Dick Shawn, born Richard Schulefand, died on stage from a heart attack at age 63.

http://www.nytimes.com/1987/04/19/obituaries/no-headline-625287.html

1987: “Wild Thing,” a murder mystery featuring Maury Chaykin and Shawn Levy was released today in the United States.

1987: In the UK, premiere of “Prick Up Your Ears” directed by Stephen Frears based on the by John Lahr.

1988(30thof Nisan, 5748): Eighty-eight year old Russian born American sculptor Louis Nevelson passed away today.

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/nevelson.html

1991(3rdof Iyar, 5751): Yom HaZikaron

1991(3rdof Iyar, 5751): Ninety-seven year old songwriter Jack Yellen whose most famous ditty was FDR’s campaign song, “Happy Days Are Here Again” passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/1991/04/19/obituaries/jack-yellen-97-wrote-the-lyrics-to-happy-days-are-here-again.html?scp=1&sq=&st=nyt

1997: The Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra made its Carnegie Hall debut under the direction of Jewish conductor Yakov Kreizberg

1997: Joyce Shepard of the Citizens Action Committee for Change met with Alan G. Hevesi and Mayor Giuliani at City Hall where they promised her that more facilities would be provided for the victims of domestic abuse.

1997(10th of Nisan, 5757): Chaim Herzog passed away.  Born in Ireland in 1918, Herzog was the son of the distinguished Rabbi Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog. Herzog moved to Palestine in 1935 and served in the Haganah during the Arab Uprising that started in 1936.  During World War II, Herzog served in the British Army where he worked with intelligence units liberating concentration camps.  During the War for Independence, Herzog was a leader in the fighting at Latrun, part of the heroic campaign to keep the road to Jerusalem open thus ensuring that the ancient city would be part of modern Israel.  Herzog had a distinguished career in the IDF and retired in 1962 with the rank of Major General.  In civilian life he pursued a career in business and the law while also serving as a media commentator on military matters.  In the middle seventies, he returned to public service as Israel's Ambassador to the U.N. and then as a Member of the Knesset for the Labor Party.  He served two terms as Israel's President (1983-1993). His historical writings include The Arab-Israeli Wars, War of Atonement: The Inside Story of the Yom Kippur War, Who Stands Accused?and Israel's Finest Hour.

http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1997-04-17/news/9704180154_1_chaim-herzog-tel-aviv-shin-bet

1998(17thof Nisan, 5758): Third day of Pesach

1998(7thof Nisan, 5758): Fifty-six year old Linda McCartney the wife of Beatle Paul McCartney, the granddaughter of Jewish immigrants from Germany and Russia passed away today.

1998: In “Putting the Inquisition on Trial” published today, Richard Boudreaux reports on newly published records from the Vatican that shed light on the ancient practices of the church.

http://articles.latimes.com/1998/apr/17/news/mn-40292

1998:Six months after it opened in the U.S., ”Deconstructing Harry” a Woody Allen comedy co-starring Bob Balaban, Richard Benjamin and Billy Crystal was released in the United Kingdom today.

1998:  Marek Edelman one of the last surviving leaders of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising was awarded with Poland's highest decoration, the Order of the White Eagle.

1998: U.S. premiere of “The Object Of My Affection” directed by Nicholas Hytner, with a script by Wendy Wasserstein and co-starring Paul Rudd.

1999: In Australia, a production of Harold Pinter’s “Betrayal” closed today at the Sydney Theatre Company.

2000: “The Israeli police today recommended that Transportation Minister Yitzhak Mordechai be prosecuted on three counts of sexual assault, dealing a humiliating blow to the former general, who ran for prime minister last year as the first Sephardic candidate in Israel's history.”

2001: “Israeli officials said today that the overnight airstrike in Lebanon, which demolished a Syrian radar installation and killed three soldiers, was meant as a warning to Syria and not as an invitation to further conflict in the region.”

2002(5th of Iyar, 5762):  Yom Ha’atzmaut.

2002: “Shortly after calling a game between the Indiana Pacers and Philadelphia 76ers on TNT,” Marv Albert was injured in a car crash in which he “sustained facial lacerations, a concussion, and a sprained ankle” leaving him unable to call the opening game of the NBA playoffs.

2003(15thof Nisan, 5763): Pesach

2003: “Tonight, survivors of last year's” Passover attack at the seaside Park Hotel where a Palestinian terrorist murdered 29 people “were invited back, along with other Israeli victims of Palestinian violence for another Seder meal that begins the week of Passover, the most significant holiday on the Jewish calendar

2004: For the fifth time terrorists, in this case Hamas and Al-Aqsa Martyrs’ Bridge, staged an attack at the Erez Crossing.

2004:  An Israeli missile strike killed Hamas leader Abdel Aziz Rantisi.  In the words of the Associated Press, "Rantisi was Hamas' top leader in Gaza and one of the most hard-line members of the militant movement who rejects all compromise with Israel and calls for the destruction of the Jewish state."

2005: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including “The Outlaw Bible of American Literature” Edited by Alan Kaufman, Neil Ortenberg and Barney Rosset and the recently released paperback edition of “Alexander Hamilton” by Ron Chernow.

2005:  A Jewish Museum of Belmonte (Museu Judaico de Belmonte) opened today. Marranos living in Belmonte are sometimes referred to as the "Belmonte Jews." They are a community that has survived in secrecy for hundreds of years by maintaining a tradition of endogamy and by hiding all the external signs of their faith. The community in the municipality of Belmonte, Cova da Beira subregion, Portugal, goes back to the 12th century and they were only discovered in 1917 by a Polish Jewish mining engineer named Samuel Schwarz. Some of them returned to Judaism in the 1970s, and opened a synagogue in 1996. In 2003, the Belmonte Project was founded under the auspices of the American Sephardi Federation, in order to raise funds to acquire Judaic educational material and services for the community which now numbers 300. William Annyas (or Anes) - a descendant of a Marrano family from Belmonte who immigrated to Ireland - became the Mayor of Youghal in County Cork in 1555, the first person of the Jewish religion to hold such an elected position in Ireland or Britain. William Annyas was the grandson of Gil Anes. Many of the first Jewish people to come to Ireland were Marrano merchants from the Iberian Peninsula. His daughter married Yacov Kassin (Shamus Ciosain) daughter of Yehuda Kassin (Juan Cassin) a Marrano merchant who had moved to Galway in Ireland.

2006: At precisely 4:00 P.M., President Moshe Katsav calls the 17th Knesset to order in its maiden session with three blows of the gavel.   MK Shimon Peres (Kadima) is invited to conduct the session. As the most senior MK, Peres will be acting speaker of the Knesset until a permanent speaker is selected.

2006(19thof Nisan, 5766): Nine people were killed and at least 40 wounded in a suicide bombing near the old central bus station in Tel Aviv. The blast ripped through Falafel Rosh Ha'ir, the same restaurant that was hit by an attack on January 19. The Islamic Jihad and Fatah’s Al Aksa Martyrs Brigades both claimed responsibility for the attack. The Hamas led PA government defended the suicide bombing, calling it an act of "self-defense." Hamas official spokesman Sami Abu Zuhri called the attack "a natural result of the continued Israeli crimes against our people".

2006(19th of Nisan, 5766):Rabbi Arthur Hertzberg, a leading Jewish scholar and civil rights advocate known for his provocative, often contrarian views, has passed away at the age of 84.  The cause of death was heart complications. Hertzberg was president of the American Jewish Congress from 1972 to 1978, and vice president of the World Jewish Congress from 1975 to 1991. He also wrote a dozen of books on Jewish thought and history. Dedicated to the creation of Israel, he angered many Jews by also calling for a Palestinian state. An early advocate of civil rights for blacks, Hertzberg was among the prominent participants in Martin Luther King Jr.'s 1963 March on Washington. Nine years later, he headed the first Jewish delegation to meet formally with the Vatican about the Roman Catholic Church's silence during the Holocaust. Born in southeastern Poland, Hertzberg's family emigrated to the U.S. when he was five. He studied at the Jewish Theological Seminary in New York and met his wife while serving as an air force chaplain in Britain. After returning to the U.S., he became a congregational rabbi at the conservative Temple Emanu-el in New Jersey, where he served until 1985.

2006: Today “to mark the centennial of the birth of the playwright Clifford Odets, Lincoln Center Theatre is scheduled to open a new production of “Awake and Sing!,” Odets’s first full-length play and the one that made him a literary superstar in 1935, at the age of twenty-eight.”

http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/04/17/stage-left

2006: In today’s issue of The New Yorker Seymour “Seymour Hersh reported on the Bush administration's purported plans for an air strike on Iran” that would include “the possible use of B61-11 bunker-buster nuclear weapon to eliminate underground Iranian uranium enrichment facilities.”

2007: The Israel Project and The Hebrew University's Truman Institute sponsors a one day conference entitled “IRAN, HIZBALLAH and HAMAS: Money, Martyrdom and the Mahdi.” The Israel Project describes itself as “an international non-profit organization devoted to educating the press and the public about Israel while promoting security, freedom and peace. It provides journalists, leaders and opinion-makers accurate information about Israel. The Israel Project is not related to any government or government agency.”

2007: The New York Times reviewed Shimon Peres: The Biography by Michael Bar-Zohar.

2008: Famed author Cynthia Ozick celebrates her 80th birthday. "Ozick is the most high-browed of all the Jewish-American writers, completely lacking well-read Saul Bellow's interest in the demimonde and the low-life. And yet her prose is always alive and crackling, flashy and sensuous, and as distinctive as the markings on a hoopoe." - Clive Sinclair, Times Literary Supplement (3/11/2006) http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/Ozick.html

2008: In Cedar Rapids, Hedy Epstein, whose parents died in concentration camps during the Holocaust speaks at Coe College and at Kennedy High School.

2008: In Iowa City, Iowa. Agudas Achim and Hillel hold a siyyum for the Fast of the Firstborn. For the siyyum, Professor Steven Green leads a presentation on the Talmudic section called “Yadyim,” which discusses the laws of Levitical cleanliness or un-cleanliness of the hands.

2008:  UNITE HERE, a union of textile workers and hospitality workers, organized a rally outside the offices of Goldman Sachs in downtown Manhattan to advocate higher wages for the company’s cafeteria workers. Though few of the cafeteria workers are Jewish, the rally will feature a mock Seder along with Passover songs.

2008: “A Catered Affair” starring Harvey Fierstein who also wrote the book for the musical opened on Broadway today.

2009: A.B. Yehoshua, the award-winning Israeli writer, presents a lecture, "From Mythology to History," as well as discusses his latest novel, “Friendly Fire.” This event is part of the University of Maryland’s (College Park),"George Wasserman Family Israeli Cultural Event" series.

2009: In Cedar Rapids, Temple Judah hosts the final Musical Shabbat in this the second season of this popular celebration of the start of the “Day of Rest.”

2010: The Westchester Jewish Film Festival is scheduled to show “Rafting to Bombay,” a documentary about three generations of a family who recollect their history among the European Jews who found safe haven in Bombay after fleeing the Nazis and “Forgotten Transports: To Estonia,” the third in Lukas Pribyl’s seminal series of documentaries on Czech Jews in WWII which in this case, chronicles girls who were transported together through the Nazi archipelago of camps in Estonia.

2010: Jonathan Biss, American-Jewish pianist is schedule to perform at the Kaufman Concert Hall in New York City.

2010: As part of its pre-festival screening The Northern Virginia 10thInternational Jewish Film Festival showed of "No. 4 Street of Our Lady" a film tells the story of a Polish-Catholic woman who rescues 16 of her Jewish neighbors during the war.

2011: The Jewish Genealogy Society of Greater Washington is scheduled to sponsor a workshop entitled Women’s World War II Resistance at Beth El Hebrew Congregation is Alexandria, VA.

2011: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including “Sempre Susan: A Memoir of Susan Sontag” by Sigrid Nunez.

 2011: The Los Angeles Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including “Jerusalem, Jerusalem: How the Ancient City Ignited Our Modern World” by James Carroll.

2011(13thof Nisan. 5771): “The teenager who was critically wounded after Gaza militants launched an anti-aircraft missile at a school bus in southern Israel earlier this month succumbed to his wounds today. 16-year-old Daniel Viflic died in the Soroka Medical Center in Be'er Sheva after his condition seriously deteriorated last week. The missile hit the bus traveling near Kibbutz Sa'ad just moments after it had dropped off the rest of the school children, wounding Viflic and the bus driver, who was moderately wounded by shrapnel wounds in his leg. "Sadly, Daniel passed away this afternoon," said Professor Shaul Sofer, the director of the intensive care unit at the Soroka Medical Center. "It wasn't a surprise for us. He arrived in critical condition and shortly afterward his brain stopped functioning. Due to the sensitive nature of the event, we continued treatments despite knowing that he had no chance of recovery." Yitzhak Viflic, Daniel's father, thanked the doctors and the supporters of his family. "Daniel fought but passed away calmly. I am positive he is in a good place now." Viflic was a resident of Beit Shemesh and studied in a yeshiva there. When he was wounded, he was on his way to the western Negev to visit his grandmother. Following the bus attack, cross-border fire between Gaza and Israel seriously escalated. Palestinian militants fired dozens of rockets into southern Israel and IDF forces launched numerous attacks on targets in the Gaza Strip.”

2011 Israeli security forces have arrested two teenage residents of the West Bank Arab village of Awarta for allegedly carrying out last month's murder of five family members in the settlement of Itamar, the lifting of a gag order revealed today.

2011(13thof Nisan. 5771): Ninety-four year old Dr. Alfred M. Freedman, a psychiatrist and social reformer who led the American Psychiatric Association in 1973 when, overturning a century-old policy, it declared that homosexuality was not a mental illness” passed away today.

2012: Dr. Neil Gillman is scheduled to begin teaching “The Prophets: An Anthology” at the Skirball Center for Adult Jewish Learning.

2012: “On the run from the Nazis. A Boynton man remembers” published today.

http://www.palmbeachpost.com/news/news/on-the-run-from-the-nazis-a-boynton-man-remembers/nN3DP/

2012: “Paul Goodman Changed My Life is scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival followed by a Q&A with filmmaker Jonathan Lee.

2013: Dr. Diane M. Sharon is scheduled to begin teaching “Reading the Hebrew Bible in One Year’ at the Skirball Center for Adult Jewish Learning.

2013: The Center for Jewish History, Leo Baeck Institute and Taschen Books are scheduled to present “The Hanover Esther Scroll, 1746 – a Masterpiece of Jewish Scribal Art Rediscovered.

2013: “Let My People Go and “Simon and the Oaks” are scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2013: Renee Firestone, the native of Hungary who survived Auschwitz is scheduled to address students at Washington High School, Xavier High School and Coe College.  Mrs. Firestone’s “is sponsored by the Joan and David Thaler Holocaust Memorial Foundation. Dr. David Thaler was a native of Lvov who graduated from the Medical School at the University of Paris and came to the United States before WW II. He served in the United States Army where, ironically, he treated German POWs.  He settled in Cedar Rapids in 1946 where he practiced until he passed away. Dr. Thaler’s father and sister perished in the Lvov Ghetto. Dr. Thaler established the foundation as an educational tool that brings Holocaust survivors and their children to Cedar Rapids each year to provide a human face to what for some is an imaginable event.  Joan Thaler has graciously carried on the work started by her late husband to ensure that this vital effort continues.

2013: The Helly Nahmad Gallery remained closed today following the arrest of Hillel Nahmad for his alleged role in an international money laundering and gambling conspiracy. Nahmad is the scion of a prominent family that traces its roots to the famous Jewish community of Aleppo where it was led by the patriarch who was also named Hillel Nahmad

2013: Two Grad rockets were fired on the southern city of Eilat this morning. One landed in a residential neighborhood and the other in an open area in the outskirts of the city

2014: Alexander Fiterstein, Ian David Rosenbaum and Arnaud Sussman are scheduled to perform at the Kaplan Penthouse.

2014: “The Jewish Cardinal” is scheduled to be shown at the JCC Rockland International Jewish Film Festival.

2014: "Zero Motivation” a zany, dark comedic portrait of everyday life for a unit of young female Israeli soldiers is scheduled to be shown at the Tribeca Film Festival.

2015(28thof Nisan, 5775): Ninety-one year old real estate tycoon A. Alfred Taubman passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/19/business/a-alfred-taubman-shopping-mall-tycoon-involved-in-price-fixing-scandal-dies-at-91.html?_r=1

2015: “Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu met with Jewish Home leader Naftali Bennett today and later with Yisrael Beytenu head Avigdor Liberman as well, as an initial deadline for the formation of a new governing coalition approached with no deals yet made.”

2015: It was reported today that “over 90 people had attended a Yom HaShoah Commemoration at the Dublin Hebrew Congregation sponsored by the Jewish Representative Council.

2015: “Woman in Gold” is scheduled to open in Israeli theatres today.

http://www.timesofisrael.com/as-woman-in-gold-premieres-meet-the-man-who-battled-for-the-klimt/

2015: “Rue Mandar” and “The Art Dealer” are scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2015: “Lost Stories, Found Images: Portraits of Jews in Wartime Amsterdam” which has been on display at the Goethe Institute in San Francisco is scheduled to come to an end today.

http://www.timesofisrael.com/wartime-mystery-on-display-with-new-portrait-trove-of-dutch-jews/

http://www.jewishfed.org/news/events/lost-stories-found-images-portraits-jews-wartime-amsterdam

2016(9thof Nisan, 5776): Eight-four year old broadcaster Elton Spitzer, the driving force behind WLIR, passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/25/business/media/elton-spitzer-84-who-helped-turnwlir-into-a-radiodestinationdies.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0



2016: Under the leadership of Dr. Brian Horowitz, the chair of the Jewish Studies Department, Tulane University is scheduled to host “Kol Minei Dvarim: All Different Things” - The Inaugural Jewish Studies Colloquium

2016: In Cedar Rapids, Iowa The Thaler Holocaust Memorial Fund under the leadership of Dr. Robert Silber and the Inter-Religious Council of Linn County are scheduled to host the annual Yom HaShoah Service where “the speaker will be Magda Brown, who was 17 years old in 1944 when she and her family were deported on one of the final transports to Auschwitz-Birkenau. In March 1945, Ms. Brown was sent on a 3-day death march from Birkenau Concentration Camp. Magda and several other prisoners in her group escaped and hid in a barn. A few days later they were discovered and liberated by two American Armed Forces. Only Magda and her brother survived from her immediate family and only six cousins survived from her extended family of 70.

2016: In Northern Virginia, the Olam Tikvah Men’s Club is scheduled to host its Survivors Tribute Brunch where Irene Fogel Weiss, “a survivor of Auschwitz who has made many presentations of her story and testified recently at the trial of a Nazi Auschwitz official in Germany” will be honored.

2016: “Raise the Roof” is among the pictures to be shown on the final day of the Northern Virginia Jewish Film Festival.  

2016: In Atlanta, GA, the Breman Museum is scheduled to host Hershel Greenblat who spent the first two years of life hiding with other Jews in a dark cave in Ukraine and the next five years in a DP camp before coming to the United States in 1950.

2016: “Rock in the Red Zone” is scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2016: The New York Times features reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers includingAmerica’s War for the Greater Middle East by Andrew J. Bacevich and the recently released paperback editions of Michelle Obama: A Life by Peter Slevin, Ravensbrück: Life and Death in Hitler’s Concentration Camp for Women by Sarah Helm, Thieves of State: Why Corruption Threatens Global Securityby Sarah Chayes and Publishing: A Writer’s Memoir by Gail Goodwin 2017(21st of Nisan, 5777):  Seventh Day of Pesach

2017(21st of Nisan, 5777): Eighty-one year old forensic psychiatrist Dr. Robert L. Sadoff passed away today. (As reported by Sam Roberts)

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/20/us/robert-sadoff-dead-forensic-psychiatrist.html

http://jaapl.org/content/jaapl/36/3/286.full.pdf

2017: In Jerusalem, the Hebrew Music Museum is scheduled to host several “interactive exhibits and activities” as part of their Passover program to acquaint visitors with “the rich traditions of Jewish and Israeli music.”

2017: While hundreds of Palestinian prisoners began a hunger strike, Israelis used “life fire” to control the mobs who joined in supporting the prisoners, many of whom were convicted terrorists.

2018: The Jewish Federation of Cleveland Yom Hazikaron ceremony is scheduled to take place today at the Mandel JCC Stonehill Auditorium in Beachwood.

2018: Today, “the state attorney general plunged” Missouri Governor Eric Greitens, the Jewish Republican who had already “admitted to an extramarital affair with his former hairdresser” “even more deeply into political and legal jeopardy saying the governor may committed a felony in using a charity’s donor list for political funding raising.”

https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/17/us/eric-greitens-felony-referral.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&clickSource=story-heading&module=second-column-region&region=top-news&WT.nav=top-news

2018: Today, four days after he had passed away funeral services were scheduled to be held at Beth Israel Congregation in Ann Arbor, Michigan for award winning chemist Charles Gelman, the New York born son of Fay and Rita Gelman and husband of Rita Gelman who was the holder of a BS from Syracuse and MS from the University of Michigan and who after serving in the United States Army founded Gelman Instrument Company led to him being a “recipient of the Michigan Science and Technology Trailblazer Award.”

http://obits.mlive.com/obituaries/annarbor/obituary.aspx?n=charles-gelman&pid=188743198&fhid=16291

2018: The Leo Baeck Institute is scheduled to host a talk by Rudolf Klein a professor of modern architectural history at Szent István University” “on his new book, Synagogues in Hungary, 1867–1918“which “is the first comprehensive study that systematically covers all synagogues in Hungary from the Edict of Tolerance by Joseph II to the end of World War I.”

2018: Holocaust survivor Michael Bornstein who was only four years old when liberated and his daughter Debbie Bornstein Holinstat are scheduled to speak at Kirkwood Community College in Cedar Rapids and at Cornell College in Mt. Vernon as part of the Yom HoShoah memorial which is being sponsored by The Thaler Holocaust Education Programming Committee chaired Dr. Robert Silber.2018: Today in Jerusalem, Beit Avi Chais is scheduled to host a Yom HaZikaron event that will include “animated films from the Panim project” as well as music and personal stories.

2019: At the University of Pennsylvania, the Katz Center for Advanced Judaic Studies is scheduled to host Dr. Keren Dotan as she shares her research on “Hebrew Prose by Late-Ottoman Rabbis from Eretz Israel.”

2019: The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum is scheduled to host a presentation by Holocaust survivor Steven Fenves as part of First Person Conversation series.

2019: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to host a screening of “From Swastika to Jim Crow” the documentary “based on the book by Gabrielle Simon Edgecomb.

2020: The day after Pesach ended, the Lido Kosher Deli and Ben’s Kosher Delicatessen are among the kosher eateries scheduled to open today.

2020(23rdof Nisan, 5780): Yahrzeits Rabbis Moses Tani of Safed and David Deutsch of Budapest.

2020: The Israeli American Council in Boston is scheduled to present on-line “Flow No Fear: How to Stay Calm and Grounded During Challenging Times.”

2020: The ban on Muslim at the Temple Mount which has the approval of the Waqf which means no Friday Prayers today, is now scheduled to continue through the end of Ramadan.

2020: As Israelis prepared for Shabbat, the can contemplate the impact of yesterday’s decision to “slowly start re-opening businesses on April 19.







This Day, April 18, In Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb Levin Z"L

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April 18 

 383: The Roman Emperors ended the exemption Jewish religious leaders enjoyed from compulsory public service. "The order which Jewish men flatter themselves with and and which gives them immunity from the compulsory public services of decurions shall be rescinded. Not even the clergy are free to deal with divine service until they have dealt with municipal service.”

1025: The Coronation of Bolesław Chrobry at Gniezno as King of Poland marks the beginning of Poland as an independent country. Boleslaw’s first contact with Jews may have come when he conquered the town of Przemysl in 1018. According to some records, the town was already home to a group of Jewish traders.  Jews were welcome to settle in Poland at this because the rulers so needed  them as an economic and cultural asset.  Jews would find Poland a welcome refuge from the depredations that began with the Crusades 70 years after coronation of Poland’s first independent monarch.

1165 (4 Iyar, 4925): Maimon ben Maimon and his family leave Fez for Eretz Israel.

1279: Pedro III ordered his bailiffs to take control of the property of Jahuda Cavalleria until "proper heirs can be determined." Though in this case Jahuda's family ended up getting his estate, the Jews essentially owned nothing, and were essentially considered, "simply holding property for the Crown."

1389:  A priest of Prague, hit with a few grains of sand by small Jewish boys playing in the street, insists that the Jewish community purposely plotted against him. Thousands were slaughtered, the synagogue and the cemetery were destroyed, and homes were pillaged. King Wenceslaus insisted that the responsibility rested with the Jews for venturing outside during Holy Week.

1521: At the Diet of Worms, German reformer Martin Luther proclaimed that a biblical foundation supported the theological position of his "Ninety-Five Theses." Luther ended his defense with the famous words: 'Here I stand! I can do nothing else! God help me! Amen.'  Luther had a profound effect on Western history in general and Jewish history in particular.  His inability to convert the Jews led him down the path of virulent anti-Semitism.  At the same, his split with the Catholic Church led to centuries of religious warfare and conflict that found the Jews caught in the middle. Luther is not considered infallible by the church that bears his name.  His attitude toward the Jews is not official doctrine of the Lutheran Church.  In Germany, the Lutheran Church proved to be an early opponent of Hitler.

1577(1st of Iyar): Rabbi Nathan Shapiro of Horadno, author of Mevo Shearim passed away

1590:  Birthdate of Sultan Ahmed I of the Ottoman Empire. During his reign Solomon Eskenaz,i Avraham Levi Migas, and Naftali Ben Mansur all served as physicians at the palace.  When Solomon Eskenazi passed away, his wife, Buha Eskenazi replaced.  When Ahmed contracted small pox, a disease that was often fatal at this time, his regular physicians could not help. So he summoned Buha Eskenzai and she was able to save.  The Sultan passed away in 1617.

1735(26th of Nisan): Rabbi Ephraim Navon of Constantinople, author of “Mahaneh Ephriam” passed away today

1753(14thof Nisan, 5513): Jews in England observe the Ta’anit Bechorot; and sit down to their Seder under the reign of Philo-Semitic King George II.

1756(18thof Nisan, 5516): Fourth Day of Pesach

1756: In Philadelphia Mathias Bush and his first wife Tabitha Mears gave birth to Nathan Bush

1764(16thof Nisan, 5524): Second Day of Pesach; 1st day of the Omer is counted as Boston endures a smallpox epidemic.

1772(15thof Nisan, 5532): Pesach

1772: In London Abigail Delvalle and “her husband, stockbroker Abraham Israel Ricardo” a “Sephardic Jew of Portuguese origins who had moved to England from the Dutch Republic gave birth to English economist David Ricardo, the successful speculator who along with Malthus and Adam Smith, Ricardo was one of the Big Three of Classical Economists and who was disowned by his family for eloping with “a Quaker, Priscilla Anne Wilkinson and converting to Christianity.

https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/bios/Ricardo.html

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/david-ricardo.asp

1773: In Tunis, Shalom Belais and his wife gave birth to Rabbi Abraham Belais.

1775(18thof Nisan, 5535): Fourth Day of Pesach

1775: Tonight as Jews recited the blessing for the fourth day of the Omer “British troops were marching from Boston, headed toward Concord where they were to confiscate the weapons and leaders of the rebel movement.

1778(21stof Nisan, 5538): Seventh Day of Pesach and Shabbat

1778: In Darmstadt, Germany, Guetel and Huna Mormelstein gave birth Micahel MOrmelstein, the hus band of Adelheit Fuchs and the father of Babe, Henry and Manuel Marblestone.

1786: Abraham Florentine, the New Yorker who had moved to Nova Scotia and later returned to New York submitted his second application for indemnification for the house in New York and the horses, dry goods and household goods taken from him by “Rebels” during the war

1791(14thof Nisan, 5551): Ta’anit Bechorot; erev Pesach

1791: As Jews sit down to their Seders to celebrate their liberation from bondage, France continues to be rocked by the Revolution which was the Gallic attempt to free themselves from Royal Bondage that began two years ago as can be seen by today’s move by the National Guard to keep the royal family from leaving Paris to celebrate Easter, probably because they feared the King would try and leave the country and organize a counter-revolutionary force.

1793: In Savannah, GA, Sarah Sheftall and Abraham De Lyon, who had been married in their home town in 1785 gave birth to Abraham De Lyon, Jr, the husband of Esther Nunes Ribeiro.

1797: Eighth Day of Pesach: Yizkor is recited for the first time during the Presidency of John Adams

1801(5thof Iyar 5561): Parashat Tazria-Metzora

1805(19thof Nisan, 5565): Fifth Day of Pesach

1805: As Jews munch on their Matzah, Lewis and Clark met with the family Toussaint Charbonneau, the French Canadian trapper and trader who was reported to the husband of Sacagawea, the guide who was the eyes of the Corps of Discovery.

1806(30thof Nisan, 5566): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1806(30thof Nisan 5566): Seventy-year old Doctor Jonas Mischel Jeitteles who was born in Prague and who was buried in the Old Jewish Cemetery in Prague after he passed away today. “He studied medicine in Leipzig and Halle. He became the public health officer of the Jewish community. He was nominated chief supervisor of the guild of Jewish healers in Prague. In 1784 he obtained from the emperor Joseph in Vienna permission that not only he himself but also other Jewish doctors could pursue unrestricted medical practice. He suffered from periodic depressive disorders with several exogenously provoked attacks.”

1810(14thof Nisan, 5570): Ta’anit Bechorot; Erev Pesach

1810: Leah Rachel De Leon, a native of the West Indies and Abraham Quixano Henriques gave birth to Sarah Henriques.

1812(6thof Iyar, 5572): Parashat Tazria-Metzora

1816(20thof Nisan, 5576): Sixth Day of Pesach

1816: In Prussia, birthdate of English “Produce Merchant” Alfred Benjamin Baumann, the husband of Priscilla Phineas Isaacs and the father of Rebecca, Benjamin, John, James and Adela Bauman.

1818(12thof Nisan, 5576): Parashat Achrei Mot; Shabbat Hagadol

1818: Birthdate of Salvatore de Benedetti, the native of Piedmont whose works included Vita e Morte di Mose,published in 1879 in which “he gathered and translated the legends concerning the great Jewish leader.

1825(30th of Nisan, 5585): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1831: The University of Alabama is founded. The Psi chapter of ZBT founded in 1916 was the first Jewish organization on campus.  A Hillel chapter was founded in 1934. According to recent figures the schools graduate and undergraduate population of 28,000 students includes 450 undergraduates and 75 grad students.

1833: In Vienna, Moritz Moses Jacob von Goldschmidt and Nanette von Goldschmidt gave birth to Julius von Goldschmidt

1845(11thof Nisan, 5605): Seventy-eight year old merchant Simon Von Lämel, the native of Bohemia who was elevated to the hereditary nobility in recognition for his aid in provisioning the Austrian Emperor’s Army and lending him large sums of money, passed away today in Vienna, a city in which he and his family were among the legally limited number of Jewish residents.

1848(15thof Nisan, 5608): As Jews observe the first day of Pesach, U.S. Forces under General Winfield Scott defeat the forces of Santa Anna at the Battle of Cerro Gordo during the Mexican-American War.

1857: Birthdate of famed defense attorney Clarence Darrow one of whose most famous cases involved the Jewish thrill killers Leopold and Loeb.  Anybody who has seen “Inherit the Wind” has a pretty good understanding of Darrow’s view of religion and the Bible.  However, Darrow represented the ACLU and those it supported at a time when the cause of civil liberties was quite unpopular.  This work with the ACLU gave him a shared interest with many Jewish leaders of his day. He was a foe of anti-Semitism as could be seen by his signing of “The Perils of Racial Prejudice” which denounced “The International Jew” which was funded by Henry Ford.

1857: In London Adelaide and Ellis Abraham Franklin gave birth to Arthur Ellis Franklin, a senior partner at Keyser & Co, a merchant bank, the son of banker Ellis Abraham Franklin and Adelaide Franklin and the husband of Caroline Franklin with whom he had six children.

1857: In Jackson, CA, “a meeting was held” today at which “it was decided to build a synagogue” which was the first such structure “erected in the mining districts.”

1860: Louisa de Samuel married Baron George de worms, the son of Baron Solomon Benedict de Worms and Henritta Samuel after which she was known as Louisa de Worms

1860: Birthdate of Fernand-Gustave Gaston Labori, the native Rheims, France who courageously defended Emile Zola in 1898 and Alfred Dreyfus at the court martial in Rennes during which he effectively proved his client’s innocence and for which he was wounded by an assassin’s bullet.

1861: This evening the 26th Regiment of Pennsylvania Volunteers whose members included Dr. Jacob Da Silva Solis Cohen “started from Philadelphia under orders requiring it to be taken through Baltimore ‘at or before daylight.’”

1863(19thof Nisan, 5623): Parshat Shmini

1863: War knows no day of rest as can be seen by the Battle of Fayetteville which was fought during the Civil War in the town that became the home of the University of Arkansas and is today the home Chabad of Northwest Arkansas.

1865: In Cedar Falls, IA, “William P. and Mary (Taylor) Taubman, gave birth to Iowa State Normal School (University of Northern Iowa) graduate Tom Taubman the husband of Minnie Samuels who was a newspaper editor, Democratic politician and U.S. Marshall in the state of South Dakota.

1865(22ndof Nisan, 5625): As Jews observed the eighth and final day of Pesach General Sherman and General Johnston met to finalize the terms of the surrender of the largest remaining Confederate force remaining in the field following the surrender of Lee at Appomattox.

1866: Today, in Manhattan, Rabbi Adler laid the cornerstone for a new synagogue that will be the home of Adas Jeshurun.  The building is located on 39thStreet between 7th and 8th Avenues.  A tin box was placed in the cornerstone.  Among the items in the box were the Charter of the Congregation, a copy of the U.S. Constitution, a list of the congregational officers, copies of several papers including the New York World and the New York Times and photo of Moses Montefiore.

1873(21st of Nisan, 5633): The New York Times reported that “the closing holiday of the feast of the Passover commenced yesterday evening.  Today and Saturday will be kept as strict holidays and at sundown tomorrow the festival will terminate.”  [Editor’s Note: Based on the Times story, the Orthodox observance was considered normative since it is describing the 7thand 8th days of the festival.]

1874: Birthdate of Abraham Pflaum, the Chicago born lawyer and an officer with the United Hebrew Charities and the Jewish Aid Society whose wife was the Recording Secretary of the Chicago Woman’s Aid which met at Sinai Temple in Chicago and had been organized in 1882.

1875: The New York Times reported that “To-morrow evening the Israelites throughout the world will commence the celebration of the important festival of "Pesach," or Passover, also known as “Hag Hamatzos," or the Feast of Unleavened Bread. The festival was instituted by divine command to commemorate the miraculous deliverance of the Children of Israel from the captivity which, for hundreds of years, they had endured in the land of Egypt.”

1875: In Syracuse, Solomon Silverstein and Esther Shevelson gave birth to Dr. Albert Silverstein who graduated from Yale and Gross Medical College of Denver where practice medicine and taught with the exception of a one year stint with Medical Department of the United States Army which he served in the Philippines during the Spanish American War and the insurrection that followed.

1875: “The Feast of Passover: Interesting Religious Ceremonies” published today described the celebration of Pesach including the fact that during the Seder “any Jewish servants in the employ of” a Jewish family “have on these occasions the privilege of sitting at the table on a footing of perfect equality with their employers.”

1875: In Eichstein Leopold and Babette Bloch gave birth to Julie Bloch who became Julie Moses after she married Moses Moses, the son of Abraham and Rosa Moses.

1876: In New York City, “Sigmund and Linda Mainster Galston” gave birth to NYU trained lawyer and federal judge Clarence G. Galston who raised two children with his “the former Estelle Elkus.”

https://www.nytimes.com/1964/01/24/archives/clarence-g-galston-87-dies-federal-judge-from-192956-a-specialist.html

1878(15thof Nisan, 5638): Pesach

1880: Two days after he had passed away, Isaiah Joshua Simmons, the husband of Caroline Benjamin with whom he had had twelve children was buried today at the “West Ham Jewish Cemetery.”

1880: It was reported today that the Governor of Morocco has ordered the destruction all houses belong to Jews facing Mosques.

1880: An article published today about the nature of Armenians includes the following quip attributed to Lord Rothschild.  “Shut up all the Jews and all the Armenians of the world together in one exchange and within half an hour the total wealth of the former will have passed into the hands of the latter.”

1881: In Indianapolis, Indiana, an unnamed Jewish citizen sent a basket of flowers to the Second Presbyterian Church with a note saying “that it was ‘a token of respect for the liberal sentiments that Reverend William A. Bartlett had expressed in a talk on “the Jewish question.”

1881(19th of Nisan, 5641): Fifth day of Pesach

1881(19th of Nisan, 5641): Sixty-one year old Hungarian born American physician and chemist Joseph Jacob Goldmark who was “credited with the discovery of red phosphorous” passed away today in Brooklyn.

1881: In Bialystok, “Morris and Julia (Getz) Weber gave birth Pratt Institute and Julien Academy trained painter, the husband of Frances Abrams, whose works were described as "fauvist and then cubist inspired."  From 1917 on he began introducing Jewish subjects into his work.  Starting in the 1920's his work became increasingly abstract and he included contemporary social themes as subjects for his painting.  Weber's can be found in leading galleries throughout the United States including the Whitney Museum and the Jewish Museum in New York City.  He passed away in 1961.

1884: Theodore Hoffman was hung in New York today after having been convicted of murdering Zife Marks, a Jewish peddler whom he had robbed on the road near Port Chester.

1886: In New York City, over 500 women came to Mrs. Rosendorff’s home on Eldridge Street to receive aid for the upcoming holiday of Passover.  Each of the women, many of whom were accompanied by children of all ages, was given a yellow ticket which they could exchange for supplies at local meat market. Mrs. Rosendorf is active in many causes designed to assist the less fortunate including membership in the Downtown Hebrew Ladies’ Benevolent Society and the Passover Relief Society while serving as the Directress of the Home for Aged and Infirm Hebrews.

1886: It was reported today that Lawrence Oliphant has discovered to ruined synagogues on the northeast shores of the Sea of Galilee. 

1887: In New York City, Joseph and Babette Seligman gave birth to Joseph Lionel Seligman.

1887(24thof Nisan, 5647): Hungarian teacher and author Ignaz Reich who taught for forty years at the Jewish communal school for the blind and “ was the first Jew to translate the Bible into Hungarian passed away at Budapest.

1889: Birthdate of Budapest native George Vajan who “founded a bookstore and publishing in his home town in 1920” before coming to the United States in 1939 where he founded Transatlantic Arts.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1968/05/23/76947985.pdf

1890:  After 35 years of New York State officials overseeing the arrival of more than 8 million immigrants (many of whom were Jews from Eastern Europe) at Castle Garden the United States Government “assumed control of immigration” today “and Congress appropriated $75,000” to build the first facility at Ellis Island which would the entry point for untold numbers of Jewish immigrants.

1892(21st of Nisan, 5652): Seventh day of Pesach

1892(21st of Nisan, 5652): Seventy year old Isaac Hirsch passed away while visiting his daughter Mrs. Selig Meinhold in New York City.  A native of Germany, he had lived in Kingston, NY for the last 43 years where he was a successful paper dealer.  Hirsch had served in the same army company as famed reformer and political leader Carl Schurz.

1892: The newly dedicated home of Temple Israel in Brooklyn was built in the style of “the famous Church of St. Sophia in Constantinople.” The ground on which the building sits cost $20,000 and the building itself cost $75,000. A.H. Geismar is the rabbi of what is considered to be Brooklyn’s leading reform congregation. 

1892: The body of Jacob Marks, a peddler who had last been seen a month ago with Isaac Rosenswig and Harris Blank was found “beneath a pile of rubbish in a deserted barn with two bullets in the head” on Dutch Mountain

1893 (2nd of Iyar, 5653): Abraham Pereira Mendes, a prominent English Rabbi, author and the father of two other Rabbis, Frederick de Sola Mendes and Henry Pereira Mendes, passed away.

1893: Birthdate of Jessaja Granach, the native of Galicia who became the popular German film actor Alexander Granach during the 1920’s and early 1930’s.  Forced to flee with the rise of Hitler he spent the last years of his career playing “German bad guys” in several Hollywood films.

1893: “Converts For Revenue Only” published today described the aggressive efforts by Protestants to gain Jewish converts and the indignant response of the Jewish community which object to the methods as much as it does the effort itself. For example Christian churches bribe “Jewish children to go to their ‘conversion’ schools by gifts of cake and candy…as well as with bribes of shoes and clothing” while workingmen are offered jobs in turn for conversion.

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=F00815FD3B5515738DDDA10994DC405B8385F0D3

1893(2ndof Iyar): Author Moses Eisman passed away today.

1894(12thof Nisan, 5654): Lewis Cohen the son of Sierlah and Barnett Cohen, the grandson of Judah Cohen and he husband of Sarah Cohen passed away today

1895: Dr. Maurice H. Harris delivered a lectured on Shylock at a meeting of the Young Men’s Hebrew Association which was followed by a series of recitations and the performance of musical selections.

1895: As the price of beef continues to rise, it was reported that kosher butchers are charging fourteen cents a pound for chuck steak, a popular cut of meat that had had been selling for five or six cents a pound.  This has forced many of those living on the lower east side to turn to fish and eggs which are more plentiful and less expensive.

1895: Birthdate of Latvia native Yiddishist Zalman (Salman) Yefroiken who in 1921 came to the United States where he eventually became the education director of the “Workmen’s Circle High School,” editor of “Culture and Education and the author of Jews Do Not Surrender while raising two children with his wife ‘the former Amy Goldberg.”

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1966/10/02/82905985.pdf

1896: The late Leonard Friedman made the following bequests: $2,500 each to the Home for Aged and Infirm Hebrews, the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum and Mt. Sinai Hospital; $1,500 to the Montefiore Home for Chronic Invalids; $1,000 each to the Hebrew Sheltering Guardian Orphan Asylum and Sanitarium for Hebrew Children.

1897: Israel Zangwill, author of Children of the Ghetto will deliver a lecture today in Jerusalem

1897(16th of Nisan, 5657): Second day of Pesach

1897: Three days after he had passed away, Nathan Jacob De Jongh, the husband of Henriette De Jongh and the father of James and Benjamin De Jongh was buried today at the “Balls Pond Road Jewish Cemetery.”

1897(16thof Nisan, 5657): Rabbi Rudolph Grossman will officiate at the funeral of August Seligman who died of pneumonia.  Interment will be in Cypress Hills Cemetery

1897: “Making Passover Bread” published today reports that three companies in New York “practically monopolize” the manufacture and sale of Matzoth in the United States.  While Matzah is baked in other cities, many Jews rely on the trustworthiness of the New York firms to manufacture a ritually acceptable product.  The demand has gotten to be so great that the firms start baking right after New Year’s in January and do not start until the start of Pesach.

1898: Approximately 5,000 people attended the opening night of a fair at the Grand Central Palace which is being held “for the benefit of the building fund of Congregation Adath Israel of West Harlem.”

1900: In his quest for governmental support for the creation of Jewish home, Herzl met with Grossherzog Friedrich of Baden receives Herzl. The Germans are reluctant to get involved but there is hope that the Austrians will help him get an audience with the Sultan.

1900: The first public meeting of the Sabbath Observance Association of New York was held this evening at Shearith Israel in New York. The newly formed group already has at 300 members.  It was formed to combat what its leaders view as a growing disregard for the observance of the Sabbath.  According to two of the speakers, Rabbi Stephen S. Wise and Dr. Mark Blumenthal, the observance of the Sabbath “has preserved Judaism though all the centuries of persecution” and has made “the Jewish home and the Jewish woman an emblem of sanctity and purity which has been held up to the admiration of people of every religion.” 

1901: Birthdate of lyricist Al Lewis whose most famous work was “Blueberry Hill.”  Written in 1940, it gained everlasting fame when it was recorded by Fats Domino in 1956.

1902(11th of Nissan, 5662): Birthdate of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, known as “the Rebbe” who was the seventh Lubavitcher Rebbe. [Editor’s Note: There is no way that any entry here could even begin to do justice to his gifts and accomplishments but readers are encouraged to the innumerable sources available to examine the life of this indomitable figures as well as to read his writings.  His most famous and long lasting impact may be his outreach program.  Anybody who has spent time with one of his “Lamplighters” such as Rabbi Pinchas Ciment will understand the meaning of this statement.]

1902(11th of Nisan, 5562: Seventy-two year old German businessman and politician Marcus Wolf Hinrichsen passed away today in Hamburg.

1903: Apparently “the bread of affliction” has taken on a new cache since The New York Times reports that “Matzo, or Passover bread” can be found in small piles in the city’s “bon-bon shops.”

1905: Today is the last day on which the First American Romanian Congregation is scheduled to distribute Matzoth to the poor Jews living on the Lower East Side.

1906: In St. Paul, MN, “Jacob and Mollie (Balkind) Ginsberg gave birth to University of Minnesota trained physician and WW II Stewart Theodore Ginsberg, the “Clinical professor of psychiatry at Emory University and husband of Ada Leach Leach with whom he raised three children – Barbara, Janet and Mark.

1906: On the day after the end of Pesach, “San Francisco and the entire Bay Area was struck by an epic earthquake, followed by a fire which lasted almost three days and utterly destroyed most of the city. Consumed in the flames were more than 3500 souls and hundreds of millions of dollars in buildings and other property. The Jewish community lost Emanu-El's great Sutter Street synagogue building, which burned to the ground. In addition, much of Adolph Sutro's collection of Hebraica and documents of the Spanish era in California were destroyed. Among the Jewish institutions that responded to the city-wide emergency was Mount Zion Hospital, which was safely located beyond the perimeter of the fire in the Western Addition. Jewish doctors and nurses worked tirelessly in the days after the conflagration to help injured citizens. In Golden Gate Park, where tens of thousands of homeless citizens were temporarily housed in tents for months following the conflagration, a Jewish couple named Victor and Anna Rosenbaum won a city-wide award for having the tidiest domicile. Jewish merchants played a leading role in getting San Francisco back on its feet, setting up a new commercial district along Van Ness Avenue and making Fillmore Street a substitute for Market Street for several years while the Downtown District was rebuilt. The Chicago architect Daniel Burnham had proposed a progressive new street design for San Francisco, modeled after those of Paris and Washington D.C. But Jewish and other merchants were anxious to get back in business and the Burnham Plan was dropped. San Francisco's rabbis were tireless in their relief efforts, and the Jewish community pledged large sums to the city's reconstruction, figuring prominently in its fulfillment. The reconstruction of the San Francisco was also symbolized by the erection in 1912-1915 of a magnificent new Beaux Art neo-Renaissance City Hall, designed by Arthur Brown, who would later design the new Congregation Emanu-El in 1925. The legendary, long-serving Mayor "Sunny Jim" Rolph would attend and speak at the dedications of both buildings.

1907: In San Francisco Jewish businessmen were among those celebrating this morning when the Ferry Building clock which had stopped at 5:12 a.m. a year earlier was started up again.

1908(17thof Nisan, 5668): Third Day of Pesach and Pesach Shabbat Chol HaMoed

1908:”From interviews given today to a correspondent for the New York Times by Lords Rothschild and Swaythling on the controversy between the strictly orthodox Jews and the more liberal adherents of the Jewish faith in England as to the divine origin of the Decalogue and the Pentateuch…it seems plain enough that the participants in the quarrel are rallying these two pillars of faith and financial giants as their leaders” with Swaythling (Samuel Montagu) “representing the ultra-orthodox section…”

1909: Tonight, at the Pilgrim Church on Madison Avenue, Reverend Frederick Lynch preached a sermon on “Christians and Jews in New York City: A Warning” in which, among other things he “condemned bills, which he said, the Jews were introducing at Albany to conduct secular business on Sunday, as selfish and as tending to break down the great American institution of Sunday for the benefit of a few.” i.e. the Jew.

1910: For a second day, the United Hebrew Community was giving out supplies to the poor people of the lower east side for the upcoming Passover Holiday.

1911: Birthdate of Maurice Goldhaber, the native of Vienna ,a physicist who delved into the intricacies of atoms and headed the Brookhaven National Laboratory on Long Island for more than a decade and was the father of physicist Alfred Scharff Goldhaber and the grandfather of physicist David Goldhaber-Gordon.

http://articles.latimes.com/2011/may/25/local/la-me-maurice-goldhaber-20110525

1912: Three days after the sinking of the Titanic, The RMS Carpathia, carrying hundreds of the Titanic survivors including journalist Edith Rosenbaum and Elizabeth and Martin Rothschild, the aunt and uncle of Dorothy Parker, arrived in New York.

1913: “Jacob Furth, Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Seattle National Bank” was found guilty today of aiding and abetting in a conspiracy to accept deposits from a banker whose bank he knew to be insolvent.

1913(11th of Nisan, 5673): Julius Neumark, the President of the Jewish Community in Kortshin, a town in central Poland passed away today.

1913(11thof Nisan, 5673): Fifty-eight year old merchant Sigmund L. Bendit, the Bavaria born son of “Lippmann and Jeannette Bendit passed away today in New York City.

1913: In Richmond, VA, the Southern Educational Convention which Rabbi Max Raisin of Meridian, Mississippi was attending as a delegate came to an end today.

1914(22ndof Nisan, 5674): Eighth Day of Pesach; Shabbat; Yizkor

1914: German Jew-Baiter Dead” published described the recent death of “Hermann Ahlwardt, once celebrated as a German Jew-Baiter” who had one time had participated in a nationwide lecture tour in the United States

1915: “Over 200 delegates representing 177 Jewish labor organization with a membership of over 300,000 attended” tonight’s first ever convention of the National Women’s Committee for Jewish Rights in Belligerent Counties which has been formed “to agitate for equal Rights for Jews, especially those living in Russia.”

1915: It was reported today that Funk & Wagnalls have published “John Foster Fraser’s new work, The Conquering Jew which contains the results the author’s studies of the Jew, his adaptability and vitality” and well as the views on the future of the Jews.

1915: “To-night’s the Night, a musical comedy composed by Paul Rubens” with two songs composed by Jerome Kern opened at the Gaiety Theatre in London for the first of 460 performances.

1915: In New York, Joseph Davidman and Jeanette Spivack who had married in 1909, gave birth to “child prodigy” poet and author Joy Davidman

http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/a_f/davidman/bio.htm

1916(15thof Nisan, 5676): Pesach

1916: According to previously published reports Jews in Russia will not have to worry about violent attacks based on “blood accusation of ritual murder’ because “this year there will be neither Seder nor pogrom” in Russia because the homes of Jews “are wrecked and deserted and their inhabitants have been scattered an driven far away before the successive tidal waves of war.”

1916: Because today is Passover, “collection of bundles and bags for the United Hebrew Charities Bundle Day” will not take place today.”

1916: In New York, approximately 175 Jewish soldiers and sailors from Forts Totten, Wadsworth, Slocum, Hancock Terry and Wright and battleships Delaware, Wyoming, Missouri and Maine who are here by special permission of the Secretaries of War and Navy” are scheduled to attend services at several synagogues today following which they will attend a second Seder this evening.

1916: According to a report published today, S.S. Rosenstamm, the Chairman of the Y.M.H.A. there are 6,000 Jews serving in the army and navy for whom “Seders have been arranged all over the United States.

1916: According to a letter written by John Reed, he said that reports that he had accused “all Jews of being traitors to Russia” were wrong since “as a matter of fact, they are astonishingly loyal.”

1916: It was reported today that “the Israelite Alliance of Vienna will undertake the collection and forward of letters” from Jews living in Galicia trying to contact people in the United States “at its own expense.”

1917: It was reported today that the “chief business discussed at the first congress of the Jewish Social Democrat was the disabilities suffered by the Jews of Finland.”

1918: During WW I with Jewish soldiers on both sides of the line the Germans tried to seize the heights at Kemmelberg as part of the Great Spring offensive designed to end the war before the Americans could make up for the loss of Russia.

1919(18thof Nisan, 5679): Fourth Day of Pesach

1919: In London, Lithuanian refugee Rachel Litvin and her husband gave birth to Natasha Litvin who gained famed as pianist and author Natasha Spender the wife of Sir Stephen Spender.

1920: The Twelfth Conference of the Bund, the Jewish labor organization, continued to meet in Gomel.

1921(10th of Nisan, 5681): Sixty-four year old French author and politician Joseph Reinach passed away. Born in Paris in 1856, he had two famous siblings - Salomon and Theodore – who would become well-known in the field of archaeology. After studying at the Lycée Condorcet he was called to the bar in 1887. He attracted the attention of Léon Gambetta by writing articles on Balkan politics for the Revue bleue, and joined the staff of the Republique française. In Gambetta's grand ministère, Reinach was his secretary, and drew up the case for a partial revision of the US Constitution and for the electoral method known as the Scrutin de Liste. In the République française he waged a steady war against General Boulanger which resulted in three duels, one with Edmond Magnier and two with Paul Déroulède. Between 1889 and 1898 he sat for the Chamber of Deputies for Digne. As a member of the army commission, reporter of the budgets of the ministries of the interior and of agriculture he brought forward bills for the better treatment of the insane, for the establishment of a colonial ministry, for the taxation of alcohol, and for the reparation of judicial errors. He advocated complete freedom of the theatre and the press, the abolition of public executions, and denounced political corruption of all kinds. However, he was indirectly implicated in the Panama scandals through his father-in-law, Baron de Reinach; as soon as he learned that he was benefiting by fraud, he made appropriate restitution. Reinach is best known as the champion of Alfred Dreyfus. At the time of the original trial he attempted to secure a public hearing of the case, and in 1897 he allied himself with Scheurer-Kestner to demand its revision. He denounced in the Siècle the Henry forgery, and Esterhazy's complicity. His articles in the Siècle aroused the fury of the anti-Dreyfus party, especially as Reinach was himself a Jew and accused by some of taking up Dreyfus's defence on racial grounds. He lost his seat in the Chamber of Deputies, and, having refused to fight Henri Rochefort, eventually brought an action for libel against him. Finally, when the "Dreyfus affair" was resolved and Dreyfus was pardoned, he wrote a history of the case, completed in 1905. In 1906 Reinach was re-elected for Digne. In that year he became a member of the commission of the national archives, and the following year a member of the council on prisons. Reinach was a prolific writer on political subjects. On Gambetta he published three volumes in 1884, and he also edited his speeches. For the criticisms of the anti-Dreyfusard press see Henri Dutrait-Croyon, Joseph Reinach, historien (Paris, 1905), a violent criticism in detail of Reinach's history of the "affaire."

1921: In New York, Russian-Jewish immigrants Jacob and Fanny Cahn gave birth to Miles Cahn who,
with his wife Liilian” founded the Coach Leatherware Company in 1961.


https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/11/business/miles-cahn-dead-coach.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

1923: In Savannah, GA, Elinor Grunsfeld and Sam G. Adler, the son of Leopold Adler, the founder of Adler’s Department store gave birth to Georgia Bulldog and WW II Naval Air Corps veteran Lee Adler who was an award winning champion of historic preservation and an advocate for “providing safe affordable housing for low-income” occupants.

1924(14thof Nisan, 5684): Ta’anit Bechorot; Erev Pesach

1924: “A number of Jewish students at Harvard” are scheduled to participate in a Seder this evening at the home of Professor Harry K. Messenger, the Latin and Greek scholar who along with his wife converted to Judaism.

1926: “In Komorow, near Lublin, Poland, Hersz Trost, “a butcher” and his wife Chaja gave birth to Frima Trost who gained fame as Holocaust survivor and the driving force behind Café Edison Frances Edelstein. (As reported by Richard Sandomir)

https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/25/obituaries/frances-edelstein-queen-of-the-polish-tea-room-is-dead-at-92.html?action=click&module=Well&pgtype=Homepage&section=Obituaries



1926: David A. Brown, the National Chairman of the United Jewish Campaign said today that the organization would exceed its goal after “the Association of Reform Rabbis” unanimously adopted a resolution endorsing the campaign.

1926: “The completion of the first stage in the development of Palestine as the Jewish homeland was announced” today “by Rabbi Stephen S. Wise, the Chairman of the United Palestine Appeal following the receipt of a cablegram from Dr. Chaim Weizmann” which said that “immigration figures just compiled show that 100,000 new Jewish settlers entered Palestine from 1919 to 1925.”

1926: Release date of “Madame Mystery” co-starring Theda Bara (born Theodosia Burr Goodman)

1929: Clarence Galston, the son of Sigmund and Linda Galston “was nominated by President Herbert Hoover today, to the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York, to a new seat authorized by 45 Stat. 1409.”

1931(1stof Iyar, 5691): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1931: “City Streets” a mystery film starring Sylvia Sidney and Paul Lukas was released today in the United Sates.

1933(22ndof Nisan, 5693): Eighth Day of Pesach

1933: In Berlin, “the special court imposed a nine months’ term upon Herman Beer, a Polish Jew,” because he told “friends that the bodies of three mutilated Jews had been found in the streets of Berlin and that twenty eight Jews were dragged out of a synagogue and beaten until blood flowed” “without taking into consideration whether Beer’s information was accurate or not.”

1933: The Jerusalem YMCA, directly opposite the King David Hotel, was opened by Field Marshall Lord Allenby.

1934: A tea and musicale sponsored by The Palestine Lighthouse under the leadership of the president Mrs. Samuel D. Friedman is scheduled to take place “this after afternoon at the Waldorf Astoria to celebrate the completion of the New Shelter for Blind Children in Palestine”

1934: During today’s debate in the French Parliament over offering Albert Einstein a professorship at the Sorbonne both Premier Daladier and right wing leader Louis Marin spoke in favor of the action and praised the famed scientist who could not return to Germany

1934: Reverend Dietrich Bonhoeffer appeared to recognize the threat posed by the Nazis when he wrote to a friend today that National Socialism has “brought an end to the church in Germany.’ 

1935(15thof Nisan, 5695): Pesach

1935: Birthdate of Paul A Rothschild record producer who helped to build the Elektra record label.

http://www.nytimes.com/1995/04/03/obituaries/paul-rothchild-record-producer-59.html

1936: After 233 performance, the curtain came down on “Jumbo,” a musical produced by Billy Rose with music and lyrics by Richard Rodgers and Lorenz with a book co-authored by Ben Hecht at the Hippodrome Theatre.

1936: “Bury The Dead” an anti-war play written by Irwin Shaw opened at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre in New York City.

1936: The Chief Rabbi of Vienna, Dr. Feuchtwag” issued “a strongly worded answer” in response to recent anti-Semitic attacks.

1936: In what may have been part of the attempt to improve Germany’s image prior to this summer’s Olympic games, “The German Calisthenics Association appears to have reversed the ruling of the Reich Sport League no Jew may belong to a German sport organization” but at the same time it empowered the directors of all local sport groups to expel any one for any reason.”

1937: Thomas Mann and his daughter Erika are scheduled to address the Free Synagogue in Carnegie Hall today.

1937: Rabbi Louis I. Newman is scheduled to deliver the sermon this morning at Temple Rodeph Sholom.

1937: Rabbi Lichtenstein is scheduled to deliver the sermon this morning at the Jewish Science Society.

1937: Birthdate of Ed Parish (E.P.) Sanders the New Testament Scholar whose works include Paul and Palestinian Judaism in which he “argued that the traditional Christian interpretation that Paul was condemning Rabbinic legalism was a misunderstanding of both Judaism and Paul's thought,” Jesus and Judaism in which “he argued that Jesus began as a follower of John the Baptist and was a prophet of the restoration of Israel” and Judaism” Practice and Belief.

https://www.ibr-bbr.org/files/bbr/BBR_1996_13_Neusner_JudaismBySanders.pdf

1937: “Top of the Town” a comedy directed by Sam White and featuring Gregory Ratoff and Mischa Auer was released in the United States today.

1938(17thof Nisan, 5698): Third Day of Pesach

1938: Plans for an upcoming “exhibition and sale of paintings at the Studio Gallery for “the benefit of the Joint Distribution Committee” were reported today.

1938: Today, Hadassah reported contributions totaling $60000 and pledges amounting to an additional $20000 had been made to the Youth AliyahFund

1938:The Palestine Post reported that 16 Arab terrorists, including their leader, Aref Abdul Razzak, had been killed in a battle and scores were wounded. The fighting between the British soldiers and Arab terrorists lasted more than six hours in the notorious "Triangle of Terror" - the hilly region between Nablus, Tulkarm and Jenin. Four Arab prisoners were taken. Only one British soldier was slightly wounded.

1938:The Palestine Post reported that four young Jews, Joseph Rotblatt, 19, Abraham Danielli, 23, David Ben Gaon, 25, and Ze'ev Anav, 24, died in an Arab terrorists ambush attack, while returning in a taxi from Hanita to Nahariya.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that a bomb was thrown into an Arab cafe in Haifa, one person had been killed and eight wounded.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that Eliahu Dawer, 58, was hurt by a bomb thrown at him while leaving the synagogue in Rehov Mea She'arim in Jerusalem.

1938:The Palestine Post reported that the new high commissioner, Sir Harold MacMichael, paid his first official visit to Tel Aviv.

1938:The Palestine Post reported that the public and the press were highly enthusiastic about the visit and the series of festive concerts conducted by Arthuro Toscanini.

1938: Superman, the creation of two Jews from Cleveland – Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster – appeared for the first time in Action Comics No. 1

1939:  Anti-Jewish legislation in Slovakia defines Jews by religion.

1939(29th of Nisan, 5699): Just four weeks before her 65th birthday, American Yiddish theatre star Bertha Kalich passed away today.

http://jwa.org/thisweek/may/17/1874/bertha-kalich

1939(29th of Nisan, 5699): Seventy-seven year old Sir Matthew Nathan a British soldier and diplomat who  “served as the Governor of Sierra Leone, Gold Coast, Hong Kong, Natal and Queensland” passed away in Somerset, UK.

http://www.easter1916.ie/index.php/people/a-z/sir-matthew-nathan/

http://www.facebook.com/pages/Sir-Matthew-Nathan/228561157166481?sk=wall&rf=113712101972648

1940: In Kingstree, SC, Fannie (Alpert) and Isadore E. Goldstein, who owned a clothing store gave birth to University of Texas at Dallas trained M.D. and molecular geneticist Joseph Leonard Goldstein, the Prize Winner who worked as a biomedical researcher at the National Heart Institute and Washington University before returning to the Southwestern Medical School of the University of Texas at Dallas as professor. Goldstein and colleague Michael S. Brown researched cholesterol metabolism and discovered that human cells have low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors that extract cholesterol from the bloodstream. The lack of sufficient LDL receptors is a major cause of cholesterol-related diseases. In 1985, Goldstein and Brown, both of whom are Jewish, were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1985/summary/

http://www4.utsouthwestern.edu/moleculargenetics/pages/brown/biogold.html

1940: President Roosevelt met with David Lasser, the science fiction writer turned labor activist who was serving as the President of the Worker’s Alliance of America today in the White House.

1941: During World War II, the first British troops from India arrived at Basra.  They were part of the military force that would remove the recently installed pro-Nazi government in Iraq.  The rise of the pro-Nazi Arab government and the subsequent military action taken by the British would literally have deadly consequences for the ancient Iraqi Jewish community 

1941(21st of Nisan, 5701): Seventh Day of Pesach

1941(21stof Nisan, 5701): Sixty-seven year old Hungarian native Charles Gelman who in 1892 came to the United States where he settled in Glens Falls, NY where owned and operated “the dry goods firm of Merkel and Gelman” while raising his two daughters Elsa and Babette passed away today.


1942(1st of Iyar, 5702): In the Warsaw Ghetto, 52 people on a wanted list were dragged from their beds and killed. This will become known as "The Night of Blood."

1942: One thousand Jews who left the Theresienstadt Ghetto in Czechoslovakia, by train for a ghetto at Rejowiec, Poland, were diverted to the death camp at Sobibór

1942(1st of Iyar, 5702): The death camp at Sobibor went into operation. To mark the opening 2,500 Jews from Zamosc were transported there and sent to their deaths. Only one was chosen to work and lived. 

1942(1st of Iyar, 5702): Eighty-three year old Moses Montefiore Kursheedt, the husband of Jennie Kurdsheet and the son of Asher and Abigail Kursheedt passed away today.

1942: Pierre Laval became Prime Minister of the French government of Vichy.  The Vichy Government was really little more than a German puppet state.  Laval like many associated with Vichy was an anti-Semite who was only too willing to turn French Jews over to the Nazis even before they asked for them.  Laval was executed at the end of the war.

1943(13thof Nisan, 5703): Sixty-four year old Johns Hopkins and Columbia trained attorney Joseph N. Ulman the jurist and Jewish communal leader who raised “two children – Joseph, Jr. and Eleanor –“ and his wife “the former Ella Guggenheimer” passed away today.

http://www.mdhs.org/findingaid/ulman-joseph-nathan-collection-1887-1960s-ms-1914

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1943/04/19/88525222.pdf

1943:  Word leaked into the Warsaw Ghetto of German plans for the ghetto's destruction.  This information enabled the ZOB leadership to marshal their pathetic defense force to meet the oncoming might of the Nazi military machine.

1944:  Leonard Bernstein and Jerome Robbins' ballet "Fancy Free" premiered in New York City

1944: Congressman Arthur Klein entered into the Congressional Record a report by Laura L. Margolies, a representative of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee in Shanghai on the conditions of “Refugees in the Far East.”

http://archives.jdc.org/assets/documents/shanghai_refugees-in-the-far-east.pdf

1945: General Eisenhower, Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Forces telephoned Winston Churchill to describe the horrific sights that greeted his troops when they entered a concentration camp at Ohrdruf near Gotha. 

1945: A list of 801 Jews, that came to be known as “Schindler’s List” was typed today. The people whose names were listed on the 13 page document were spared from a trip to the gas chamber.  In 2009, employees at the New South Wales State Library found the list in boxes containing German news clippings and manuscripts by the Australian author Thomas Keneally, who wrote the bestselling novel “Schindler's Ark,” which was the basis of the famous film about Oskar Schindler and his efforts to save Jews during the Holocaust.

1945: Birthdate of Joseph Bernstein, the native of Moscow who became a leading Israeli mathematician.

1945:Robert Limpert, the leader of the anti-Nazi underground in Ansbach, was hung by the Germans for his attempts to get the garrison to surrender to the advancing Allied armies.

1945: Following their liberation inmates Langenstein-Zwieberge, a sub-camp of the Buchenwald Concentration Camp were taken by ambulance to Halberstadt where barracks had been turned into a hospital.

1945: As World War II comes to an end, and concentration camps were being liberated “an opinion survey” taken today “suggested that 81 percent of the British population would answer ‘yes’ to the question ‘Do you think the atrocity stories are true,’ whereas in December, 1944 the proportion had been only 37 percent.”

1946: The Broadway production of “Call Me Mister” a revue with music by Harold Rome opened at the National Theatre.

1946:  The League of Nations dissolved itself.  Its services, mandates, and property were transferred to the newly founded United Nations.  Among the mandates transferred was the British Mandate of Palestine.  Dealing with the issues of Palestine would become one of the first major tests for the newly formed UN.  Within two years, the Mandatory Government of Palestine created by the defunct League of Nations would give way to the State of Israel and Arab zone governed by a variety of nations and groups including Egypt, Jordan and the PA.

1947 (5thof Iyar, 5707): Natan Alterman, Israeli poet, playwright, and future winner of the Biliak and Israel prizes wrote,

“Yes, the death cell soared that night.

 At its sight

 The heads of a conquering nation

Caught by the light, like a mouse were drawn back into their holes

Like a thief caught in the act.”

1947: Birthdate of Karen Lehmann, who as Kathy Acker gained fame as author of “Blood and Guts In High School before she passed away in 1997

1947 (5thof Iyar, 5707): Boxer Benny Leonard passed away at the age of 51.  Born in 1896, Leonard was the lightweight boxing champion from 1917 to 1925.  This was the heyday of Jewish pugilism with as many as seven Jews holding the championship of different weight categories.  Leonard lost his fortune in the Stock Market Crash.

1948: “Representatives of Jewish organizations from twenty countries joined the Central Committee of Polish Jews today in honoring the memory of 500,000 Jews who perished in the Warsaw Ghetto” by opening “a museum recalling the Jews who fought in the final ghetto battle of April, 1943.”

1948:  Following a failed attempt by the Arab Liberation Army to isolate the Jewish community in the lower quarter of the town of Tiberius, the Haganah went on the offensive and secured the town for the as yet un-born Jewish state.  Most of the local Arab population left with the assistance of British troops and crossed into Transjordan.  The events in Tiberius are part of a tragedy that has been repeated over the decades in Eretz Israel.  Prior to the appearance of the Arab Liberation Army, the local Jewish and Arab populations had worked out a pattern of peaceful co-existence.  Today, commentators would say that outside militants sabotaged local efforts to maintain communal harmony

1948: Operation Harel continued for a third day.

1949(19th of Nisan, 5709): Leonard Bloomfield passed away.  Born in 1887, Bloomfield was a graduate of Harvard and the University of Wisconsin.  He began his career as Professor of German.  But he gained his greatest fame as a linguist, a field populated by a disproportionate number of Jews. His most famous work was “Introduction to Language” which was re-titled “Language” in subsequent editions.  For many decades, most linguists considered themselves disciples of Bloomfield even if they had not studied with him.

1949(19th of Nisan): Mizrachi leader Rabbi Meir Bar-Ilan passed away today

1953: Birthdate of Actor Rick Moranis, star of Honey I Shrunk the Kids.

1953: After 540 performances, the curtain came down on a revival of the Rogers and Hart hit musical "Pal Joey.”

1954: Colonel Gamal Abdal Nasser seized power and became head of the government of Egypt.  Nasser had masterminded the coup that overthrown King Farouk.  Up until now Nasser had been content to play the role of the “power behind the throne” in the new government created by the military.  At this point in time, he was ready to complete his plans and make himself supreme ruler of Egypt.  He would never succeed in his ultimate goals of destroying Israel which would be his steppingstone to creating a Pan Arab “nation” that would stretch eastward from Morocco. 

1954(15th of Nisan, 5714): The Levin family observed its first Pesach as residents of Washington, DC

1955: Birthdate of banker Amschel Rothschild.

1955(26th of Nisan, 5715): Albert Einstein passed away. Born in Ulm, Germany in 1879, Einstein received the Nobel Prize in 1921 but not for relativity rather for his 1905 work on the photoelectric effect.  In 1920 Einstein's lectures in Berlin were disrupted by demonstrations which, although officially denied, were almost certainly anti-Jewish. During 1921 Einstein made his first visit to the United States. His main reason was to raise funds for the planned Hebrew University of Jerusalem. However he received the Barnard Medal during his visit and lectured several times on relativity. During 1923 he visited Palestine for the first time.  Einstein had planned to come to Princeton in 1932 as visiting lecturer.  With the rise of Hitler, this became a permanent position.  Einstein sent his famous letter to Roosevelt in 1939 warning of the impact of the German's developing the Atomic Bomb.  The result was the Manhattan Project.  Einstein became a U.S. citizen in 1940.  In 1952, Einstein was offered the Presidency of the state of Israel, an offer he declined, in part due to his failing health. Einstein left his scientific papers to the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, a university which he had raised funds for on his first visit to the USA, served as a governor of the university from 1925 to 1928.  The week before he died, Einstein wrote to Bertrand Russell joining him in call for all nations to give up nuclear weapons.  Einstein saw himself as an advocate for international peace and understanding, notwithstanding his support for building the bomb during World War II.

http://einstein.biz/

1956: “The Swan,” a re-make of the 1925 silent film directed by Charles Vidor and produced by Dore Schary was released in the United States today.

1958(28thof Nisan, 5718): Eighty-four year old builder Joseph Gilbert, “who erected more than 18 skyscrapers in Manhattan before 1925 and who raised two children – Victor and Helen – with his wife Beatrice passed a way today.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1958/04/19/81989007.pdf

1961: In New York Norman Podhoretz and Midge Decter gave birth to University of Chicago graduate and editor of Commentary John Mordecai Podhoretz the speech writer for Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush

1963(24th of Nisan, 5723): Former New York Congressman Meyer Jacobstein passed away.

1964: Sandy Koufax became the first pitcher to strike out the side on 9 pitches

1964(6th of Iyar, 5724): Seventy year old playwright and author Ben Hecht passed away.  Born in 1893 in New York to Russian Jewish parents, Hecht moved to Wisconsin where he went to high school.  Hecht then moved to Chicago where he worked for several newspapers.  His experiences provided the source material for his most famous work, The Front Page which has been made into a movie on three different occasions.  Hecht's criticism of British policies in Palestine and support of the Jewish resistance movement caused that his credits were removed from all films shown in England for some years. In his honor an illegal immigrant ship was named "Ben Hecht". A passionate believer in an independent Jewish state, Hecht advocated swift action to attain this. 

http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10007040

http://the.hitchcock.zone/wiki/The_Times_(20/Apr/1964)_-_Obituary:_Mr_Ben_Hecht

1965(16th of Nisan, 5725): Second Day of Pesach; 1st day of Omer

1965: A funeral will be held this morning in New York City for “Mendel Osherowtich, a prolific writer of books in Yiddish and a former city editor of The Jewish Daily Forward.”

1966(28thof Nisan, 5726): Yom HaShoah

1966(28thof Nisan, 5726): Seventy-three year old Yiddish author and editor Leon Goldin passed away today.

http://yleksikon.blogspot.com/2015/05/osher-arye-goldin-leon-goldin.html

1966: A fire was discovered at the Jewish Theological Seminary Library when smoke was seen pouring from one of the small upper windows of the JTS library tower at Broadway and 122nd Street in New York City.

1967: “The Tiger Makes Out,” based on the book by Murray Schisgal who also wrote the screenplay, starring Eli Wallach and featuring “Dustin Hoffman in his film debut” was released today in the United States.

1970: “Spirit in the Sky” written and originally recorded by Norman Greenbaum “reached number three in the U.S. Billboard chart.

1972: Birthdate of film director Eli Roth.

1973(16thof Nisan, 5733): Second Day of Pesach

1973: In a phone call today “with Spiro Agnew said Jews were holding American foreign policy ‘hostage to Jewish emigration from the Soviet Union’” adding that “Some of the Jews picket can raise hell, but the American people are not going to let them destroy our foreign policy – never!”

1975:Basic Dresses In Sexy Prints And Washable” published today descried Diane Von Furstenberg latest triumph in the field of fashion.

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=F20817FC385E157493CAA8178FD85F418785F9

1978(11th of Nisan, 5738): On the Hebrew calendar, birthday of the Rebbe.

1978(11th of Nisan, 5738):Education and Sharing Day was inaugurated today by President Jimmy Carter to honor the efforts of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson’s “efforts for education and sharing for Jews and non-Jews.

1978: NBC broadcast “The Final Solution,” the third episode in the mini-series “Holocaust.”

1978:The Jerusalem Post reported that in accordance with the Cabinet's decision, the foreign minister, Moshe Dayan, ordered Israeli envoys to explain that Israel regards the UN Security Council's Resolution 242 as a basis of negotiations with all Arab States, including Jordan.

1978:The Jerusalem Post reported that four soldiers were wounded when an Arab assailant threw a Molotov cocktail into a bus on the northern outskirts of Jerusalem.

1978:The Jerusalem Post reported that “Holocaust,” NBC's new nine-and-half-hour TV drama series was reported to have captured the imagination of the American public.

1978: Birthdate of Amanda Sthers the director of “Holy Lands,” a film set primarily in Israel that tells the tale of (ready for this) a dysfunctional Jewish family,

1981(14thof Nisan, 5741): Shabbat Hagadol; in the evening Jews sit down to the first Seder during the Presidency of Ronald Reagan.

1982: “Two Decades of a Russian Giant” featured reviews of “Tolstoi in the Sixties” by Boris Eikenbaum and “Tolstoi in the Seventies” by Boris Eikenbaum.

1983(5th of Iyar, 5743): Yom HaAtzma'ut

1983: The Nożyk Synagogue which the Nazis had partially destroyed during WW II was officially reopened today in Warsaw.

1983: Hundreds of Polish policemen, gathering around the spot from which 400,000 Jews were sent to Nazi death camps in World War II, today blocked an unofficial march called to mark the 1943 Warsaw Ghetto uprising. But more than 1,000 people gathered anyway at a nearby monument.

1984(16thof Nisan, 5744): Second day of Pesach; 1st day of the Omer’

1984(16thof Nisan, 5744): Seventy-eight year old French Torskyite Pierre Frank passed away.

http://www.marxists.org/archive/mandel/1984/04/frank.htm

1985(27thof Nisan, 5745): Yom HaShoah

1987: Annette Greenfield Strauss won a run-off to become the first elected woman mayor of Dallas, Texas.

https://jwa.org/thisweek/apr/18/1987/annette-greenfield-strauss

1987(19thof Nisan, 5747): Fifth Day of Pesach and Shabbat

1987(19thof Nisan, 5747): Ninety-six year old Austrian born California jurist and prison reform advocate Isaac Pacht passed away today.

http://articles.latimes.com/1987-04-21/news/mn-25_1_prison-reform

1987: Eighteen members of the pro-Iranian Shiite Moslem Party of God militia were killed early today when they tried to overrun a position jointly manned by Israel and its ally, the South Lebanon Army, north of Israel's border with Lebanon. Four Israelis were wounded in the incident.

1988:  Barbra Streisand recorded "Warm All Over”

1988: The trial of Ivan Demjanjuk which had begun in the Jerusalem District Court on November 26, 1986, before a special tribunal comprising Israeli Supreme Court Judge Dov Levin and Jerusalem District Court Judges Zvi Tal and Dalia Dorner came to an end.

1989(13thof Nisan, 5749): Sixty-three year old Brooklyn Melvin Annenberg, a loan officer with Merchants Bank in Syracuse passed away today.

1990:Following today’s Niebuhr Lecture at Elmhurst College, Franklin Littell wrote that 

“Niebuhr's style as a churchman was vigorous: esteemed for his intellectual leadership, he also worked with labor leaders and liberal and Socialist politicians on many battlelines. He was the leading — and at some points the sole — American theologian to understand the crisis posed by Nazism and to intervene on behalf of the survival of the Jewish people. His sources in Germany — including strong contact with Dietnch Bonhoeffer, and in Europe — including close relations with Visser't Hooft, as well as his excellent network (in good part through his wife, Ursula) with British political and church leaders kept him well informed and deeply concerned. He interpreted the issues in the German Church Struggle (Kirchenkampf) and the Shoah as no other American of his generation, and did so along theological lines that are exciting participants in seminars and conferences fifty years later. He championed the creation of a Jewish state in 1943, publicly criticized the targeting of Jews for Christian conversion in 1958, and maintained lifelong friendships with Jewish peers such as Abraham Joshua Heschel.”

1992(15thof Nisan, 5752): Pesach is observed for the last time during the Presidency of George Bush.

1993:Thousands of Holocaust survivors and their families, many of them sobbing audibly, observed the 50th anniversary of the Warsaw ghetto uprising with a memorial service at Madison Square Garden that also honored the memory of the six million Jews who perished in the Nazi concentration camps.

1994: Roseanne Barr filed for divorce today in Superior Court of Los Angeles County.

1996:  During “Operations Grapes of Wrath” Israeli artillery mistakenly shells a UN position killing 102 Lebanese civilians.  The Israelis expressed regret for the loss of life which occurred during an operation intended to destroy Hezbollah bases from which rocket attacks had been launched against Israeli towns in the northern part of the country.

1996: Ninety-two year old Boleslavs Maikovskis, who took part in the mass execution of 200 Latvian villagers during WW II died today.

http://www.nytimes.com/1996/05/08/nyregion/boleslavs-maikovskis-92-fled-war-crimes-investigation.html

1998: U.S. premiere of “Since You’ve Been Gone,” a made-for-TV movie directed by David Schwimmer and co-starring Schwimmer, Jon Stewart and Joey Slotnick.

1999; The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including “The Mercy: Poems”by Philip Levine.

1999: An exhibit styled “Sigmund Freud: Conflict and Culture”opens at the Jewish Museum in New York City.

1999: The statue of Saint George fighting a serpent was re-erected in St. Stephen's Park. Many gathered under a sea of umbrellas for the unveiling, on the rainy Sunday morning. Speakers included Holocaust survivor and poet, Gyorgy Somlyo who was saved by Raoul Wallenberg.

2000: A long-awaited study of assets seized from Jews in wartime France begun three years ago by the Matteoli Commission “said today that the Nazis and French collaborators stole far more than previously assumed” but “that efforts to return the property or to reimburse Jews after the war were extensive.” (As reported by Suzanne Daley)

2001: On the eve of Holocaust Remembrance Day, President Bush and his wife Laura toured the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum.

2001:At Colgate University Barry Strauss, director of peace studies and a professor of history at Cornell University delivered a talk titled "My Grandfather's First World War, and my search to rediscover it," which focuses on the Jewish experiences in the United States army and raise such issues as memory, identity and military service.

2002: Judy Chicago's monumental sculpture "The Dinner Party" was acquired by the Brooklyn Museum.

https://jwa.org/thisweek/apr/18/2002/judy-chicago

2003(16thof Nisan, 5673): Second Day of Pesach – 1st day of the Omer

2003(16thof Nisan, 5673): Sixty-one year old French television executive Jean Drucker passed away at Mollégès, France

2003: A display of Marshmallow Peeps at McCaffrey’s Supermarket in Southampton, PA, help to mark the 50th anniversary of this all-American confectionary concoction. Peeps, which originally were in the form of Easter chicks, are a product of Just Born, a candy company started by Russian Jewish immigrant Sam Born who was followed in the business by his son Bob Born and grandson Ross Born.

2004: The New York Times reviewed books by Jewish authors and/or of interest to Jewish readers including 'Stalin' by Simon Sebag Montefiore.

https://www.nytimes.com/2004/04/18/books/the-fourth-greatest.html



2004: An exhibition entitled “Gate of Death” opens at the Jewish Museum in New York City.

2005: Today, David Littman helped to organize “a major Parallel NGO Day Conference.”

2006:  Prime Minister Ehud Olmert met with his Cabinet to decide on the response to the previous day suicide bombing in Tel Aviv.  The Israeli government response would have to be measured against the fact that the PA government is now controlled by Hamas, an organization that has publicly approved the attack.

2006:  Six of the nine victims of the Tel Aviv terrorist bomb were laid to rest including:David Shaulov, 29, of Holon,. Philip Balasan, 45,. Benjamin Haputa, 47, of Lod, Victor Erez, a 60-year-old taxi driver from Tel Aviv, Lily Yunes, 42, of Oranit, and 31-year-old Ariel Darhi. The two Romanian victims of the bombing, Rosalia Basanya, 48, and Boda Proshka, 50, will be laid to rest in their native country. Their bodies will be returned to Romania after the Passover holiday. There are as yet no details on funeral arrangements for the ninth victim of the attack, named by Israel Radio as French tourist Marcelle Cohen, 75.

2007: Haaretz reported today that Members of the Reform movement accused the former Sephardic chief rabbi of slander for allegedly stating that the Holocaust happened because of the activity of Reform Jews in Germany. Rabbi Mordechai Eliyahu is said to have made the statement in an interview with a pirate radio station, and the six Reform movement members have filed a slander complaint to the police.

2007: In Chicago, WBEZ broadcast a program “billed as a vision of peace” but in which the participants engaged “in one-sided propaganda against Israel.”

2008(13thof Nisan, 5768): Ninety-one year old William Frankel, the barrister and general secretary of the Mizrachi organization who served as the editor of the “Jewish Chronicle and was the author of several books including Friday Night’and Israel Observed passed way today.

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/04/20/AR2008042002077.html

2008: “Forgetting Sarah Marshall,” a romantic comedy directed by Nicholas Stoller, co-produced by Judd Apatow and written by Jason Segal who also starred in the film and featuring Mila Kunis was released today in the United States.

2008: Ben Stein’s pseudo-documentary “Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed” attacking Darwin’s Theory of Evolution arrives in movie theatres throughout the United States.  The film is being marketed by Motive Entertainment, the same company that promoted Mel Gibson’s “The Passion of Christ.”

2008: During his first papal trip to the United States, Pope Benedict XVI visited a synagogue led by a rabbi who survived the Holocaust. Benedict made a brief stop at Manhattan's Park East Synagogue, whose leader, Rabbi Arthur Schneier, lived under Nazi occupation in Budapest and immigrated to the US in 1947. The pontiff, 80, is a native of Germany whose father was anti-Nazi. Benedict was enrolled in the Hitler Youth as a teenager against his will and then was drafted into the German army in the last months of the war. He wrote in his memoirs that he deserted in the war's last days. It will be the pope's second visit to a synagogue as pontiff. On his first papal trip abroad in 2005, Benedict visited a synagogue in Cologne, Germany, that had been rebuilt after it was destroyed by the Nazis.

2009; In Maryland as part of the Columbia Jewish Congregation’s (CJC) - Seventeenth Season of Movies a screening of “Jellyfish” a Hebrew language film with English subtitles which was a prize winner at the Cannes Film Festival

2009: A revival production of “Ragtime,” a musical based on the novel by E.L. Doctorow “opened at the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in Washington, D.C.

2009: The Metro Library Network Author Series presents “a conversation” with famed mystery writer, Sarah Paretsky, a native of Ames, Iowa who has talked about what it was liked to grow up Jewish in Kansas, at the Theatre Cedar Rapids in Lindale Shopping Center.

2009(24th of Nisan, 5769):Louis Lowenstein, an influential business law professor and former corporate executive who for nearly three decades dissected the excesses of Wall Street and warned of the dangers of short-term investing, died at his home today at the age of 83. (As reported by Dennis Hevesi)

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/26/business/26lowenstein.html

2010: A Broadway revival of Jerry Herman’s “La Cage aux Folles” officially opened at the Longacre Theatre

2010: “Alon Nechustan” (A Way In) a modern dance show, whose text and concept were inspired by the Kabbalistic story of the Orchard featuring members of the Avodah dance company, is scheduled to be performed at The LABA Festival 2010 at the 14th Street.

2010: The New York Times features reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Crossing Mandelbaum Gate: Coming of Age Between the Arabs and Israelis, 1956-1978 by Kai Bird

2010(4thof Iyar): M. Edgar Rosenblum, an arts executive who helped steer the Long Wharf Theater in New Haven to prominence in the American theater landscape, developing work that traveled to Broadway and elsewhere and that won Pulitzer Prizes and Tony Awards along the way, passed away today at the age of 78. (As reported by Bruce Weber)

2011: A Kassam rocket fired from the Gaza Strip fell in the Sha'ar Hanegev Regional Council this afternoon. Warning sirens sounded prior to the rocket being landing.  No injuries or damage were reported.

2011(14thof Nisan, 5771): Fast of the First Born; Erev Pesach; in the evening, the first Seder Zissen Pesach - זיססען פסח    Chag Samayach - חג שמח

2011: The Immigrant Absorption Ministry will try to set a Guinness World Record tonight by organizing – together with charity Aviv Hatorah – the world’s largest Pesach Seder for some 1,300 recently arrived Ethiopian immigrants living in Tel Aviv.

2011: Noble Energy has awarded the Expro company a $27 million contract to conduct well-testing and provide sub-sea services and equipment aboard the Transocean Sedco Express oil rig for the Tamar natural gas field – and for a deepwater exploration program for the Pride North America – Expro announced today.

2012: “Charles Rosen, the pianist, polymath and author whose National Book Award-winning volume The Classical Style illuminated the enduring language of Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven” gave his last lecture today in the series Music in 21st-Century Society, at the Barry S. Brook Center for Music Research and Documentation of the CUNY Graduate Center.

2012: Dr. Daniel Rynhold is scheduled to begin teaching Judaism and the American Legal Tradition at the Skirball Center for Adult Jewish Learning

2012: “Standing Silent” is scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival

2012: Miriam Kelemen Solis, who grew up in Budapest, Hungary during the 1930s, is scheduled to speak at tonight’s Yom HaShoah Service at Temple Judah in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.

2012(26thof Nisan, 5772): Hila Bezaleli, a “20-year-old soldier from the Jerusalem suburb of Mevaseret Zion was killed this afternoon when a light rigging system collapsed onto soldiers rehearsing for the Independence Day celebration at Mount Herzl.

http://www.jpost.com/NationalNews/Article.aspx?id=266815

2013: Voca People, the Israel based company, is scheduled to perform at Strathmore Music Hall in Rockville, MD.

2013: Rabbi Hayyim Kassorla is scheduled to officiate at the funeral of Jake Alhadeff at Greenwood Cemetery in Atlanta, GA.

2013: Daniel C. Kurtzer, the career diplomat who served as U.S. ambassador to both Egypt and Israel is scheduled to speak at the Northern Virginia Hebrew Congregation.

2013: Adam Burstain, one of the finest young members of the Cedar Rapids Jewish community is scheduled to appear in the opening night performance of “Urinetown”

2013: The IPO is scheduled to begin its “Patron Trip To Poland,” “an extraordinary musical and historical experience commemorating the 70th anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.

2013: 75thanniversary of the first appearance of Superman, the man of steel created by two Jews from Cleveland.

2013: Paula “Abdul appeared on the Top 5 results show of season 12 of American Idol to compliment contestant Candice Glover on her performance of Straight Up.”

2013: “U.S. Arms Deal With Israel and 2 Arab Nations Is Near” published today described “a $10 billion arms deal with Israel, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.”

http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/19/world/middleeast/us-selling-arms-to-israel-saudi-arabia-and-emirates.html?hp&_r=1&

2013(8thof Iyar, 5773): Ninety-six year old “Orville Slutzky, who with his brother founded the Hunter Mountain ski resort in upstate New York, known in the 1960s for its celebrity clientele and in the 1970s and ’80s for its unmatched number of snow-making cannons” passed away today. (As reported by Paul Vitello)

http://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/02/nyregion/orville-slutzky-an-owner-of-hunter-mountain-ski-resort-dies-at-96.html?hpw&_r=1&

2014: Penultimate day for The International Photography Festival at the Carmel Winery in Rishon Lezion

2014: Etan Morel is scheduled to conduct “Jerusalem of Gold” a walking tour of Israel’s capital inspired by the song of the same name.

2015: Parashat Shemini and Chapter I of Pirke Avot

http://downhomedavartorah.blogspot.com/

2015: Lewis Black is scheduled to perform at the Peace Center Concert Hall in Greenville, SC.

2015: Poet and activist Elly Gross is scheduled to share her experiences during the Shoan at the US Holocaust Memorial Museum

2015: Lou Reed is scheduled to be inducted in to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame today.

http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-lou-reed-20131028-story.html#page=1

2015: “Clouds of Sils Maria” and “While We’re Young” are scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2015: A body matching the description of Max Maisel, the son of Mobile, AL born ESPN sportscaster Ivan Maisel was found today in Lake Ontario.

2016(10th of Nisan, 5776): Ninety-two year old Rabbi Ben-Zion Gold, the native of Radom, Poland “who came to America in 1947 and settled in Cambridge, MA, where he became Director of the Hillel at Harvard.

http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/bostonglobe/obituary.aspx?n=ben-zion-gold&pid=179663411&fhid=8784

2016: The Jewish Music Forum of ASJM, American Jewish Historical Society, American Sephardi Federation, Center for Traditional Music and Dance are scheduled to present “New sounds of Old Judeo-Spanish Songs,” a talk by Edwin Seroussi, “about some of the oldest recordings of Sephardic music (c.1906-1913), which have recently resurfaced in London. Recorded in a variety of locations, they feature the voices of legendary performers of the Judeo-Spanish song in the early 20th century.”

2016: Members of the Illinois Holocaust Museum and Education Center are scheduled to enjoy a week’s worth of free viewing of “Lincoln’s Undying Words” starting today.

2016: 2016: At Cornell College, in Mt. Vernon, IA, The Thaler Holocaust Memorial Fund under the leadership of Dr. Robert Silber and the Inter-Religious Council of Linn County are scheduled to host a presentation be Magda Brown, who was 17 years old in 1944 when she and her family were deported on one of the final transports to Auschwitz-Birkenau. In March 1945, Ms. Brown was sent on a 3-day death march from Birkenau Concentration Camp. Magda and several other prisoners in her group escaped and hid in a barn. A few days later they were discovered and liberated by two American Armed Forces. Only Magda and her brother survived from her immediate family and only six cousins survived from her extended family of 70.

2016: “The Kind Words” and “The Grüninger File” are scheduled to be shown for the last time at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2016: This evening, “at least 21 people were injured in bus bombing in Jerusalem” which was “the first such attack in years.

2016: The IDF revealed today it had “discovered a ‘terror tunnel’ inside Israeli territory” that had been dug by Hamas in Gaza.

2017(22nd of Nisan, 5777):  http://www.timesofisrael.com/navy-joins-search-for-3-missing-on-sea-of-galilee/Eighth Day of Pesach; Yizkor

2017: In Jerusalem, the Abraham Hostel is scheduled to host Mimouna, “the traditional North African celebration that marks the end of Passover typically marked with music and tasty, not-kosher-for-Passover treats.

2017: After two weeks, The Art of Banksy Exhibition in Herzliya is scheduled to come to an end.

2018: “J.K. Rowling, the non-Jewish author of the Harry Potter series, decided to weigh in today, defining anti-Semitism for her 14.4 million Twitter followers.

https://www.jta.org/2018/04/18/culture/j-k-rowling-giving-master-class-identifying-anti-semitism-magical

2018: Ninety year old Howard Morley, the St Louis born son of historian and professor Abram L. Sachar and Thelma Horwitz, who followed in his father’s footsteps by becoming an author and History Professor at George Washington University while raising “three children – Sharon, Michele and Daniel – with his wife Eliana Steimatzky passed away today.

https://www.jpost.com/Diaspora/Eminent-historian-Howard-Sachar-passes-away-at-home-at-age-90-552524

https://www.myjewishlearning.com/author/howard-sachar/2018: “Itzhak” a biopic about the world famous violinist is scheduled to open in Tunkhannock, PA.

2018: The Jewish Center and Park Avenue Synagogue are scheduled to co-sponsor a celebration of Israel’s birthday featuring Cantor Chaim Dovid Berson, The Jewish Center; Cantor Azi Schwartz, Park Avenue Synagogue and Cantor Mo Glazman, Temple Emanu-El

2018: The Temple-Tifereth Israel is scheduled to celebrate Israel’s 70 anniversary with a party at the Ritz Carlton in Cleveland.

2018: Holocaust survivor Michael Bornstein who was only four years old when liberated and his daughter Debbie Bornstein Holinstat are scheduled to speak at Kirkwood Community College in Cedar Rapids and at Cornell College in Mt. Vernon as part of the Yom HoShoah memorial which is being sponsored by The Thaler Holocaust Education Programming Committee chaired Dr. Robert Silber

2018(3rdof Iyar, 5778): Yom Hazikaron – Israel Remembrance Day (which like all Jewish Holidays begins on the evening before the date on the secular calendar)

https://www.timesofisrael.com/israelis-bow-heads-in-silence-as-siren-signals-start-of-memorial-day/?utm_source=The+Times+of+Israel+Daily+Edition&utm_campaign=2f53c7e6f8-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_04_17&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_adb46cec92-2f53c7e6f8-53921877

2019: In London, JW3 is scheduled to host the last two screenings of “Holy Lands”

2019: The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum is scheduled to host a presentation by Margit Meissner as part of the First Person Holocaust Series.

2019: As Prime Minister Netanyahu begins the work of forming a new government, Jews in general and Israelis in particular are faced with the growing measles epidemic.

2020(24thof Nisan, 5780): Parashat Shemini: in the afternoon study Pirke Avot Chapter One’ for more see http://downhomedavartorah.blogspot.com/

2020(24thof Nisan, 5780: On the Jewish calendar yahrzeit of Rabbi David Ha-Kohen of Jerusalem and Yiddish poet Moses David Gisser

2020: The political deadlock which had drawn thousands of protestors to Habima Square on April 16, is scheduled to continue without resolution.

2020: As Israelis mourn the rising number of coronavirus facilities they take special notice 88 year old Arie Even, the Holocaust survivor who became Israel’s first coronavirus fatality.

https://www.ynetnews.com/magazine/article/S19HeTU00I








This Day, April 19, In Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb Levin Z"L

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April 19

According to one web-site, April 19th is one of the blackest days on the Jewish calendar. From the 11th century (1014) through the 20th century (1943) this date is remembered for the atrocities which took place. Below are a few: )



1014: During a civil war that had broken out between Arabs and Berbers in 1013, the Jews of Cordoba experienced their first massacre today.

1283: Following an accusation of ritual murder (the blood libel) thirty-six Jews were murdered in Mayence (Mainz), Germany,

1283:  On the second day of Easter which coincided with the penultimate day of Passover, a Christian mob attacked the Jews of Mayence (Germany) killing ten and pillaging their homes.  The mob was responding to the discovery of the body of a Christian child and acting out the consequence of the blood libel.  Archbishop Werner tried to stop the mob before they attacked.  His intervention kept the blood bath from being even worse.  The Holy Roman Emperor, Rudolph, conducted an investigation into the affair, confirmed the judgment the mob had passed on the Jews and acquitted the citizens of Mayence of all blame.

1306(4th of Iyar, 5066): The body of Rabbi Meir Ben Baruch was released by the authorities 13 years after his death so that he could receive a Jewish burial Maharam of Rothenburg

1343: A massacre of the Jews in Wachenheim, Germany which had begun before Easter spread to surrounding communities.

1506: During a service at St. Dominic’s Church in Lisbon, Portugal, some of the people thought they saw a vision on one of the statues. Outside, a newly converted Jew-turned-Christian raises doubts about the "miracle." He was literally torn to pieces and then burnt. The crowd led by two Dominican monks proceeded to ransack Jewish houses and kill any Jews they could find. During the next few days, countrymen hearing about the massacre came to Lisbon to join in. Over two thousand Jews were killed during a period of three days ending on April 21.

1541: Ignatius of Loyola took office as the first Superior General of the Society of Jesus.

1566:  Pius V issued “Romanus Pontifex.  After being in office for three months, Pope Pious rejected the lenience's of his predecessor and reinstated all the restrictions that Paul IV had placed on the Jews. These included being forced to wear a special cap, the prohibitions against owning real estate and practicing medicine on Christians. Communities were not allowed to have more than one synagogue and Jews were confined to a cramped ghetto.

http://www.jewishhistory.org.il/history.php?startyear=1530&endyear=1539

1539: Eighty-year old Catherine Zaleshovska was burned at the stake on the order of Bishop Gamrat and with the approval of Queen Bona Sforza for having denied the basic tenants of Christianity after having converted to Judaism.  She had been held as a prisoner for ten years before being murdered. (As reported by The History of the Jewish People)

1654: “Haham Jacob Sasportas” the Oran born rabbi accepted the offer to lead the Sephardic community of London

1664: In London, “Moses Athias ceased to be Rabbi of the synagogue.”

1670(29thof Nisan, 5430): Moses Samson Bacharach, the son of Samuel and Eva Bacharach who married “Fiege, the widow of Moses Ha-Kohen Nerol” after the death of his first wife” Dobrusch, a daughter of Isaac ben Phœbus, of Ungarisch-Brod, Moravia” and who was the chief rabbi at Worms passed away.

1670(29thof Nisan, 5430): Solomon Ben Isaac Marini, “the only rabbi at Padua who survived the plague of 1631” and who wrote a commentary to Isaiah entitled Tikkun Olam in 1652 and who was the brother of Dr. Shabbethai ben Isaac Marini, passed away today.

1689: Sixty-two year old Augusta Christian, the Queen of Sweden who studied Hebrew literature and was philo-Semitic as could be seen by her friendship with Menassaeh ben Israel and “other Hebrew Scholars” but who was unable “to  prevent the banishment of the Jews of Vienna, decreed by Emperor Leopold in 1670 “ passed away today.

1707: Emperor Joseph I confirmed an arrangement reached by the Council of Worms on June 7, 1699 which granted “certain concessions” to the Jews of that city.

1753(15thof Nisan, 5513): Jews in Great Britain observed the first day of Pesach as they waited for the House of Lords to act on a bill approved by the House of Commons that would provide them with full civil rights.

1771: Maria Theresa granted two Sovereign Licenses to the Jews of Trieste, licenses that constitute real improvement in their economic conditions.

1772:  Birthdate of economist David Ricardo.  Raised as a Sephardic Jew, Ricardo eloped with a woman who was a Quaker.  He later converted and became a Unitarian.

1775(19th of Nisan, 5535): Fifth Day of Pesach

1775:  The Battles of Lexington and Concord with the “Shot heard round the world” marked the start of the American Revolution. Besides the famous Hyam Solomon, “there were hundreds of Jewish soldiers and sailors who fought in the Revolution and patriots who supported it. There was Phillip Russell, a surgeon at Valley Forge; Col. David Franks an aide to George Washington; a “Jew Company, " which fought in South Carolina; Moses Myers, who fought in Virginia; the Sheftall family, which fought and were captured in Savannah. In Manhattan's Chatham Square cemetery, 22 Revolutionary Jewish soldiers lie. Many had sacrificed their lives for their new country. Just like the approximately 500 Americans who were killed or wounded during the three British assaults at Bunker Hill in 1775. (New evidence has surfaced that a Jewish soldier, Abraham Solomon, participated in the Battle of Bunker Hill as a member of Colonel John Glover's 21st Regiment from Gloucester.)”

1776(30th of Nisan, 5536): Seventy-eight year old Rabbi Jacob Israel Emden [Jacob ben Tswi] passed away.  Born at Altona, Germany in 1697 was a scholar and when it came to technology, a modernist since he owned a printing press which he used to print Jewish texts.  For a while he earned a living by deal in jewelry.  He finally agreed to become Rabbi for the community in Emden.  The town supplied his last name in the secular world.  Emden's real claim to fame has to with an inter-communal conflict that seems quite trivial by modern standards. 

1776: Birthdate of London native Joseph Moses Martin who married Abigail Aron Martin five years and two days after the death of his first wife, Dinah Elimaleh Mudahi, the mother of his son, Moses Joseph Martin.

1778(22ndof Nisan, 5538): Eighth Day of Pesach

1778: In Georgia, where the first Torah scroll had been brought to Savannah in 1733, three row galleys of the Georgia Navy engaged, defeated, and captured a Royal Navy brigantine, an armed British East Florida provincial sloop, and an armed brig.

1780(14thof Nisan 5540): Ta’anit Bechorot; erev Pesah

1780: During the American Revolution, British forces under Lord Cornwallis tighten their siege of Charleston which had one of the oldest, and for its time, largest Jewish communities in the thirteen colonies.

1784: Rebecca Franks, and English native Lucius Levy Solomons who died in Montreal eight years after the birth of his daughter gave birth to Esther Solomons today.

1791(15thof Nissan, 5551): First Day of Pesach.1793: In Savannah, GA, Sarah Sheftall and Abraham De Lyon, who had been married in their home town in 1785 gave birth to Abraham De Lyon, Jr, the husband of Esther Nunes Ribeiro.

1794(19thof Nisan, 5554): Fifth Day of Pesach; Shabbat Chol Hamoed

1794: Birthdate of Breindel Blumenfeld, the wife of Wurtemberg, Germany native Mihael Amson Oberndoefrer with whom she had two children.

1796: Birthdate of Louisa Country, VA native Ann Overton Fontaine, the wife of Baltimore born John Jeremiah Jacob and the mother of life long Louisville, KY resident John Jerimiah Jacob

1799(14thof Nisan, 5559): Final Fast of the First Born in the 18th century

1807: David Braham married Sarah Abrahams today at the Western Synagogue.

1808(22ndof Nisan, 5568): Eight Day of Pesach; Yizkor recite for the last time during the Presidency of Thomas Jefferson

1810(15thof Nisan, 5570): Pesach

1818: Thirty-four year old Sarah Joseph, the wife of Raphael Joseph was buried today at the “Brady Street Jewish Cemetery.”

1819: Birthdate of S.L. Schwabacher, the future Rabbi of Odessa, Russia.

1824: Lord Byron, the English poet, passed away.Byron and Isaac Nathan produced Hebrew Melodies,a both book of songs with lyrics written by Lord Byron set to Jewish tunes by Isaac Nathan as well as a book of poetry containing Byron's lyrics alone. It was published in April 1815 with musical settings; though expensive at a cost of one guinea, over 10,000 copies sold. In the summer of the same year Byron's lyrics were published as a book of poems. The melodies include the famous poems She Walks in Beauty, The Destruction of Sennacherib and Vision of Belshazzar.”

1825(1st of Iyar, 5585): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1826: According to the Jewish Encyclopedia, today, in The Hague, Leonardus Levy Abraham Verveer and Caroline Elkan gave birth to Dutch painter and engraver Elchanan Verveer whose paintings included "The First Pipe" and "Winter," both in the museum at Rotterdam, and "The Widow" and "Sufferers from Sea-Sickness," which belong to the Stadtmuseum in The Hague.”

1827(22ndof Nisan, 5587): Eighth and final day of Pesach

1837(14thof Nisan, 5597): Fast of the First Born observed for the first time during the Presidency of Martin Van Buren, the first Chief Executive to be born in the independent United States of America.

1839: The Treaty of London establishes Belgium as a kingdom. Jews reportedly had first come to Belgium with the Roman Legions in the first century of the Common Era.  Written evidence dates backs to the 13th century. The community disappeared in the 14thcentury during the Black Death, only to return again in the 16thcentury when those fleeing from the Spanish Inquisition found refuge there.  Brussels and Antwerp were the main centers of Jewish settlement when Belgium gained its independence.  The guarantee of an independent Belgium was a given among European powers.  It would be the Kaiser’s disregard for Belgium’s independence that would seal British entry into World War I which…well we all know where that led.

1841: After Jacob Ezekiel wrote to President John Tyler challenging Tyler’s reference “to the American nation as a ‘Christian people’” President Tyler wrote back to Ezekiel today explaining his reason for the statement and assuring him that he meant no disrespect to Jews in the United States.

1848(16thof Nisan, 5608): Second day of Pesach

1848: Anti-Jewish violence broke out in Budapest, Hungary.

1851: In Germany, Harris Loewenthal and Hannah Myers gave birth to their daughter Hattie, who became Hattie Weindhandler when she married Solomon Weindhandler after which she served as Vice president of the Federation of Sisterhoods and organizer of the Sisterhood at Rodeph Shalom in New York.

1855: In New York, Solomon Belais, the son of Rabbi Abraham and Naomi Belais and Jael Belais gave birth to Julia Ascher

1856(14th of Nisan, 5616): Shabbat HaGadol observed for the last time during the Presidency of Franklin Pierce.

1856: The town of Nevada, where the Nevada Hebrew City Society had been organized in 1855 was incorporated today.

1856(14th of Nisan, 5616): In the evening, first Seder.

1859(15thof Nisan, 5619): Five weeks after the Dred Scott Decision strengthened the stranglehold of slavery in the United States, Jews observed Pesach.

1860: One day after she had passed away, Laura Henrietta Symons, the daughter of George Symons and Rachel Elizabeth was buried today at the “Balls Pond Road Jewish Cemetery.”

1860: At Madison, Indiana, Raphael Sulzer and Rachel Meimendinger gave birth to attorney Marcus R. Sulzer, the husband of Lida Griffith who was active in Republican politics and served as President of District Grand Lodge, No.2 of B’nai B’rth.

http://www.indianahistory.org/our-collections/collection-guides/marcus-r-sulzer-collection-ca-1890-ca-1920.pdf

1861:  A week after the Civil War began with the Confederate attack on Fort Sumter, "Joseph Friedenwald, a member of a leading Jewish family in" Baltimore, MD was among the six people arrested for attacking Union troops marching through the city on their way to Washington, DC.  Baltimore was a hot-bead of Southern supporters whose attacks on the troops verged on being a riot.

1861: The 26th Pennsylvania Volunteer Regiment whose members included Dr. Jacob da Silva Solis Cohen was attacked by a group of Rebel sympathizer as it went through Baltimore, MD on its way to Washington, DC.

1861: Colonel Henry K. Craig wrote to Major Alfred Mordecai that he "'thought well' of his request for a transfer."  Mordecai was a prominent Jewish officer serving in the U.S. Army who was born in the South.  He was seeking a way to stay in the Army without having to fight against his family and friends.  Before Craig could act, he fell ill and Mordecai's chance for a transfer would go no further.

1864: Before recessing, the New York Assembly passed a bill “relative to the New-York Hebrew Benevolent Society.”

1865: The Sephardim in New York held a special prayer for President Abraham Lincoln who was assassinated as he watched a play at Ford's Theater in Washington DC just five days earlier.

1865: Rabbi Sabato Morais delivered an address at Mikve Israel in Philadelphia following the death of President Abraham Lincoln. “The stillness of the grave reigns abroad. Where is the joyous throng that enlivened this city of loyalty? Seek it now, my friends, in the shrines of holiness. There, it lies prostrate; there, it tearfully bemoans an irretrievable loss, Oh! tell it not in the country of the Gauls; publish it not in the streets of Albion, lest the children of iniquity rejoice, lest the son of Belial triumph. For the heart which abhorred wickedness has ceased to throb; the hand which had stemmed a flood of unrighteousness, is withered in death.´ (As reported by the Jewish Virtual Library)

1865: Birthdate of Chaim Zhitlowsky, Russian born Jewish nationalist, author, critic and champion of Yiddish language and culture.

http://digifindingaids.cjh.org/?pID=1278442

1866: Jacob and Amalia Freud give birth to Alexander Gotthold Ephraim Freud, a younger brother of Sigmund Freud.

1866: “Laying the Corner Stone of a New Jewish Synagogue in Thirty-ninth Street” published today described the ceremonies that took place at the future home Adas Jeshurun, an 80 member congregation  which will be housed on a lot measuring 99 feet by 75 feet.

1867(14thof Nisan, 5627): Ta’anit Bechorot is observed as the federal government implemented the recently passed second reconstruction act which President Johnson had vetoed.

1868:At the suggestion of Chief Rabbi N. M. Adler, the three city synagogues—the Great, the Hambro', and the New—with their western branches at Portland street and Bayswater agreed to a scheme today which was submitted to the Charity Commissioners of England and embodied by them in an Act of Parliament in 1870.

1868(27thof Nisan, 5628): Seventy-two year old Judith Russell Nathans, the native of Baltimore who was the second wife of Isaiah Nathans with whom she had seven children passed away today in Philadelphia, PA.

1869: Theodore Minis Etting who had volunteered to serve in the U.S. Navy during the Civil War was promoted from the rank of Midshipman to Ensign today.

1870: German native Adolph Marix who had joined the Navy in 1864 while living in Iowa became an Ensign today.

1871: In New York, the Assembly passed an appropriations bill tonight designed to assist a variety of charitable organizations throughout the state including allocations of five hundred dollars each to the Hebrew Benevolent Society of Albany and the Hebrew Benevolent Society of Brooklyn

1872: In Germany, Albert and Anna Salomon gave birth to Alice Salomon the pioneer social worker, who was forced to flee her native land because of her “Jewish origins” which overrode the fact that she had become a Lutheran in 1914.

1872(11thof Nisan, 5632): Herman Frenkel, who served in the Galician Diet, passed away today.

1872: Today Francis Goldsmid started a debate in the House of Commons on the persecution of the Jews of Romania which resulted in the formation of a parliamentary committee which “watched the activities of the illiberal government of that country.”

1872:Benjamin Franklin Peixotto, the U.S. Counsel wrote to the Secretary of State “tahat all the foreign representatives at Bucharest, except the Russians, had signed an address to the government of Prince Charles” expressing their displeasure with the fact that the several Jews had been severely punished while those “who were charged with the gravest excesses and crimes against the Jewish population of Vilcoon” had been acquitted.  “We see in this double verdict an indication of the dangers to which the Israelites are exposed in Romania”

1873(21stof Nisan, 5633): Seventh day of Pesach – 6th day of the Omer

1873(21stof Nisan, 5633): Forty-seven year old British actor and theatre manager, the father of August Harris passed away today and was buried in Brompton Cemetery, London

1874: Three days after he had passed away, 38 year old Louis Goldschmidt, the husband of Hannah Moses and the father of Therese and Annette Goldschmidt was buried today at the “Balls Pond Road Jewish Cemetery.”

1875(14thof Nisan, 5635): Fast of the First Born

1875: In Lunny (near Grodno) Russia, Max Rubinow and Esther Shereshewsky, the husband of Sophie Himowich,  father of Raymond and Olga Rubinow  and graduate of Columbia Medical College who became an actuary and author of The Quest of Security which “established him as the most recognized theorist on social insurance in the first three decades of the twentieth century.”

1876(25th of Nisan): Rabbi Chaim Halberstam of Zanz, author of “Divrei Chaim” passed away today.

1877: In Jacksonville, Florida, David Levy officiated at the wedding of Martha Ritzwoller of Berlin and Mr. Furchgott of Charleston, S.C.

1877: In Frankfurt am Main, Germany, Julie Judith Bamberger and Isaac Seckel Bamberger, the son of Kela Bamberger and Rav Yitschak Dov Halevi Bambergerg, gave birth to Nathan Bamberger

1878: In Bellaire, Ohio, Alexander Schoenfeld and Rose Hartman gave birth to Julia Schoefeld, a graduate of Allegheny (PA) College who worked as a probation officer and school teacher while also serving as a “a member of the State Committee of Federated Women’s Clubs of Pennsylvania” which worked “to effect improvement in child labor legislation and in conditions of working women.”

1880: It was reported today that the Rabbi Morias has published a paper in the April edition of Penn Monthly about the Falashas, “a small nation of Jews in Abyssinia who do not speak Hebrew.”

1880: Birthdate of Julius G. Feit, the native of Galicia who in 1898 came to the United States where he worked as an insurance broker and was the financial and corresponding secretary of the Men’s Club at Tempe Emanu-El of Borough Park.

1880: Jacob Ezekiel Hyneman was elected first lieutenant in the Veteran Corps of the First Regiment of the Pennsylvania National Guard was formed, Hyneman.  Three years later he would be promoted to the rank of Captain and serve as the quartermaster.

1881: “His Strange and Great Career” published today traces the life of Benjamin D’Israeli starting with the Inquisition and Expulsion from Spain in the 15thcentury.

1881: Benjamin Disraeli, former Prime Minster, 1st Earl Beaconsfield and famous novelist passed away.  Born Jewish, Disraeli was converted to Christianity by his father.  The elder Disraeli was angry with the Jewish community and marched his children to the baptismal font in protest.  The elder Disraeli did not convert.  Disraeli was proud of his Jewish heritage and certainly suffered many anti-Semitic attacks during his career.  In one exchange, he reminded a political opponent that while his ancestors had been drinking blood out skulls, Disraeli’s ancestors had been singing the Psalms of David in the Temple of Solomon.

1882(30th of Nisan, 5642): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1882: Sarah Lavanburg, the daughter of Hannah (Seller) Lavanburg and Louis Lavenburg married Oscar Solomon Straus who as Sarah Straus would the life companion of one of the great leaders of pre-War Jewish community.

1882 Rabbi Dr. Henry W. Schneeberger married Sarah Nussbaum in New York City. The couple had six children - Fannie, Sigmund, Charles, Philip, Josephine, and Irvin. Sigmund, Charles, Fannie and Josephine never married and were buried in plots adjoining their parents

1882: In response to a suggestion from the Morning Post, large numbers of English men and women wore Primoses today as a way of marking the anniversary of the death of the Earl of Beaconsfield, better known as Benjamin Disraeli.  The flower was a favorite of the famous author and Prime Minister and it was a fitting way of paying tribute to his many contributions.

1882: A private meeting in Berlin raised 70,000 marks which will provide assistance to Jews seeking to leave Russia.  The attendees were urged to show a sense of moderation in the resolutions they adopted on the subject since it appeared that meetings in New York and London held to support the Russian Jews had done “more harm than good.”

1884: In Leadville, CO, Lottie, Eva and Abe Schloss participated in a production of “Patience” at the Tabor Opera House.

1884: Birthdate of Harvard trained attorney, Israel Noah Thurman, the native of Russia who in 1892 came to the United States where he supported the work of Margaret Sanger in the cause of birth control and women’s suffrage and joined Louis D. Brandeis as an early supporter of the Zionist movement, and marrying twice, the second time to “Stephanie Robicsek.”

https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29184015/israel_noah_thurman_obituary_1982/

1885: “Afghans and Their Home” published today asks if these Asiatic mountain warriors are descendants of the ancient Israelites.

1886(14th of Nisan, 5646): Fast of the first born

1886: In Russia, Leo and Sarah Cohn, gave birth to Meyer Solomon Cohn, the husband of Sadie Cohn and Bertha Cohn, who liked to claim that Maryland, where he passed away, was the place of his birth as well.

1886 (14th of Nisan, 5646): The City and Suburban News column reports that “the Jewish community throughout the world will this evening begin the celebration of Pesach, or the Feast of the Passover.  This festival is also known as the Feast of Unleavened Bread…”

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=980CE3DC1638E533A2575AC1A9629C94679FD7CF

1887: Birthdate of Russian native Boris Fingerdhood who in 1907 came to the United States where he graduated from NYU, became superintendent of the Israel Zion Hospital and married twice, the second time to the “former Mrs. Sylvia Golden.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1946/04/28/91613055.pdf

1889: In London, UK, Sir Meyer Adam Speilman and Gertrude Emily Spielman gave birth to Claude Myer Spielman

1890: Immigrants, including thousands of Jews from Eastern Europe, arriving in New York began using the Barge Office as a processing center today

1891: Abraham Shapiro married Sarah Jacobs at the East London Synagogue today

1891: Ira Leo Bamberger defeated Ernst Nathan in an election for the presidency of the Hebrew Orphan Asylum Society of Brooklyn

1891: It was reported today that the Hartford Theological Seminary has issued the new Practical Hebrew Grammar by Professor E.C. Bissell.

1891: It was reported today that the Russian government is planning “a fresh campaign against the Jews.”

1891: Birthdate of Hartford, CT native George Fine, the husband of Charlotte S. Friedman Fine and the father of Irving Fine.

1891: Based on material that first appeared in the Fortnightly Review, E.B. Lanin described the crumbling economic conditions in Russia.  In response to claims that Jews are at fault for the usurious rates paid by peasants, he writes “Who are the usurers?  The Jews?  They are not for the misery of the peasants is not with the accursed pale.”  The usurer “is not a Jew; he is as orthodox as the Metropolitan Isidore; as loyal as an official of the secret police.”  (The fact that the Jews were not responsible for the suffering of the peasants did not keep the Czar and his cadres from using them as scapegoats.)

1892(22ndof Nisan, 5652): Eighth and final day of Pesach

1892: As of today, the city of New York is legally bound to furnish water to the Hebrew Sheltering Guardian Society free of charge.

1893(3rdof Iyar, 5653): Sixty-three year old Bailey Gatzert, the first only Jewish mayor of Seattle passed away today.

http://www.historylink.org/File/86

1893: In Hungary, Judah and Marjem Grunwald gave birth to Samuel Greenwald the husband of Szeri Greenwald.

1893: “Converting The Jews” published today provided editorial comment on “the procedure adopted by certain crude and violent evangelists to ‘convert the Jews’” saying that to convert “an educated Chinaman or an educated Hebrew to ‘convert’ him must strike him in the first place as a piece of appalling impudence.”

1895: According to remarks published today made by Rabbi Maurice H. Harris of Temple Israel in Harlem Shakespeare did not want Shylock to be seen as “a selfish monster who lived for gain” but as the victim of persecution who “if he had been treated justly and not gibed and sneered at…would not have wanted his pound of flesh.”

1895(25thof Nisan, 5655): Sixty-three year old Philadelphia philanthropist Lucien Moss, the son of Eleazer Moss and Mary Levy passed away today in his home town.

1895: “Banker, philanthropist and Liberal MP” Sydney James Sternwas raised to the peerage as Baron Wandsworth, of Wandsworth in the County of London” today.

1896: Herzl's The Jewish State was published.  This is the seminal piece of literature for the modern Zionist Movement.  Known to many by its more famous German title, Der Judenstaat(The Jewish State)is one of the seminal pieces of literature for the modern Jewish Zionist Movement.  "We are a people — one people."  "Palestine is our unforgettable historic homeland. . . Let me repeat once more my opening words: The Jews who will it shall achieve their State. We shall live at last as free men on our own soil, and in our own homes peacefully die. The world will be liberated by our freedom, enriched by our wealth, magnified by our greatness. And whatever we attempt there for our own benefit will redound mightily and beneficially to the good of all mankind."

1896: As of today most of the tickets for the upcoming concert being held for the benefit of the United Hebrew Charities at the Metropolitan Opera House have been sold.

1896: The Union Hebrew Veterans’ Association met at the Grand Opera House in New York City.

1897(17th of Nisan, 5657): Third Day of Pesach

1897: The first of Boston Marathons was run. While many Jews have run in the race, none is more famous than the team from the Jewish Special Education Cooperative. Team JSEC ran in the 108th Boston Marathon.  Runners included Dan Rosen, Amira Rosenberg, Josh Rosenberg, and David Katz.

1897: The Civil Service Commission is scheduled to conduct tests for foreign language interpreters including those fluent in Hebrew.

1898: The new temple that is to be built by Congregation of Adath Israel of West Harlem will used plans drawn by Solomon D. Cohen.

1900: In Leeds, U.K., Annie Morris and Hyman Morris, the son of Fanny Sapira Morris and Jacob Samuel Morris, gave birth to Albert Morris

1902: Birthdate of Newark, NJ native Phil “K.O.” Kaplan a leading middleweight who fought most of the great boxers of the 1920 including his co-religionist Maxie Rosnebloom

1903(22nd of Nisan, 5663): 8th day of Pesach

1903: Riots broke out after a Christian child is found murdered in Kishinev (Bessarabia). The mobs were incited by Pavolachi Krusheven, the editor of the anti-Semitic Newspaper Bessarabetz and the vice governor Ustrugov. Vyacheslav Von Plehev, the Minister of Interior supposedly gave orders not to stop the rioters. The Jews were accused of ritual murder. During the three days of rioting, 47 Jews were killed, 92 severely wounded, 500 slightly wounded and over 700 houses destroyed. Despite a world outcry, only two men were sentenced to seven and five years in prison, and twenty-two were sentenced for one or two years. This pogrom was instrumental in convincing tens of thousands of Russian Jews to leave to the West and to Eretz-Israel. The child was later discovered to have been killed by a relative.

1905(14thof Nisan, 5665): Fast of the First Born

1908: The New York Times reported that the observance of Holy Week and Passover had cut into the city’s social season.  Activities had been limited to “affairs for charity, and some private bridges and luncheons.”

1908(18thof Nisan, 5668): Sixty-nine year old Charles Hallgarten, one of the four principle partners at Hallgarten & Company passed away.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1908/04/21/105004782.pdf

1908: Today, Samuel B. Hamburger was elected President “Temple Ahavath Chesed Shar Hashomayim” at Lexington and 55th Street following the death of Marcus Kohner

1908: Organization of the Sons of Zion fraternal order whose members included Jacob S. Strahl, Nathan Chasan and Solomon Neuman

1908: “Ceremonies and Customs of the Easter Season” published today examines the origins and customs of Easter reminding its readers that “our Easter is a successor to the Jewish Passover.”  The article pointed out that “the two are the same in their root; but the opposition of the Christians to the Jews led to a change” in the Christian celebrations.

1909” “Criticizes the Jews” published today described a sermon on Sunday evening by Reverend Frederick Lynch, past of the Pilgrim Church entitled “Christians and Jews in New York City: A Warning” in which he characterized Jews as being “ungrateful for American privileges.”

1910: For the third day in a row, the United Hebrew Community gave out supplies for the upcoming Passover holiday to the poor people living on the east side.

1911: On the day on which the completed portions of the Cathedral of St. John the Divine were consecrated The Board of Jewish Ministers sent a congratulatory telegram to Episcopal Bishop Grier. 

1911: Birthdate of Podiatrist Benjamin W. Pushkin, the husband of Ann Pushkin and father of Judy and Robert Pushkin

https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/latimes/obituary.aspx?n=benjamin-w-pushkin&pid=847947

1912: In New York events scheduled for tonight celebrating the fifth anniversary of the Free Synagogue were canceled as a sign of mourning for those who were died when the Titanic sank.

1913(12thof Nisan, 5673): Parashat Achrei Mot and Shabbat HaGadol

1913(12thof Nisan, 5673): Fifty-five year old Sigmund Kohlman, the husband of Julia H. Kolman passed away today after which he was interred in the Springhill Avenue Temple Cemetery in Mobile, Alabama.



1913: It was reported today that based on information from Beirut Baron Edmond Rothschilde has been granted permission from the government in Constantinople “to undertake excavations in Palestine” and that he “intends to establish a museum in Jerusalem in which all the objects that have historic tic bearing upon the Jewish in Palest will be collected.”

1913: It was reported today that Emperor Franz Joseph “has conferred the title of nobility upon the Jewish bank, Dr. Neuman of Budapest” which makes him a member of the Upper House of Hungary.

1913: It was reported today that “The Jewish World of London has been acquired by the proprietors of The Jewish Chronicle of London and will be published from the offices of the Chronicle.

1915: In the case of “Frank v. Mangum” “the Supreme Court denied Leo Frank’s appeal” by a seven to two vote with Oliver Wendell Holmes, one of the dissenters writing "It is our duty to declare lynch law as little valid when practiced by a regularly drawn jury as when administered by one elected by a mob intent on death."

1915: Elisa and Clairce Lispector gave birth to their middle daughter Tania.

1915: Approximately 800 people filled in the Educational Alliance building in New York with an overflow crowd in the streets heard Rabbi Stephen S. Wise speak at “a mass meeting in honor of Baron Nathan Rothschild who died recently in London” where he praised him for “his efforts to give education to the Jews of the world over.”

1916(16thof Nisan, 5676): Second Day of Pesach; 1st Day of the Omer

1916: Because today is the second day of Passover, “the collection of bundles and bags for the United Hebrew Charities Bundle Day” did not take place today but is scheduled to be resumed tomorrow.

1917: During World War I, as the maneuvering continued to try and gain British support for a Jewish homeland, Sir Ronald Graham wrote to Mark Sykes expressing his concern that the Zionist movement was relying too heavily on the hope that British would be annexing Palestine and making it part of the British Empire after the War. 

1917(27thof Nisan, 5677): Lt. Joshua Levy, who had been a “clothier” before enlisting in the British Army in 1914 died today while serving with the Norfolk Regiment.

1917: Founding of the Jewish Welfare Board which was designed “to meet the religious and cultural needs of Jewish personnel in the U.S. military.

1917: On the same day that the Russian Foreign Minister offered reassurances that his country would not make a separate peace and that Lenin was criticized for having accepted German assistance to return to Russia, reports continued to circulate that attempts were being made to “organize a massacre of the Jews and intelligent classes” in Kishinev.

1918(7thof Iyar, 5678): Lt. Lawrence Braham Rosenbaum one of the sons of Solomon Rosenbaum, a Russian-born pawnbroker, died today while serving with the Monmouthshire Regiment.

1919: On the fifth day of Pesach which was also Shabbat Chol Hamoed, the Polish army occupied Vilna and attacked its Jewish community.

1919: Eugene Schiffer completed his term as Minister of Finance in Germany.

1919: The Hebrew Scouts Movement is founded.

1919: In Cedar Rapids, IA, John and Ruth Miller gave birth to Joan Miller Lipsky, the widow of Abbot Lipsky.

http://www.cedarmemorial.com/Obituary/2015/Aug/Joan-M-Lipsky/

1919: Birthdate of Philadelphia Sol Kaplan the successful concert pianist and concert business who was blacklisted by the House Committee on Un-American Activities.

1920: At Gomel The Twelfth Conference of Bund “where the party was split into two separate parties, the majority Communist Bund and the minority Social Democratic Bund, came to an end today. (Editor’s note: Yes, strange as it may seem to us looking at events from 98 years ago, this sort of philosophic wrangling went in in deadly earnest even as post-War Europe was racked with revolution and privation.)

1920: In New York City, Harry and Beatrice Kaplan Reinhardt gave birth to Sheldon Reinhardt and his twin brother, Burton “who as the detail-minded, taciturn television executive behind his more extroverted boss, Ted Turner, played a crucial role in the formative years of CNN and the 24-hour cable news cycle. (As reported by Dennis Hevesi)

1920: Birthdate of Kazimierz Smolen, a Roman Catholic Pole who survived  Auschwitz survivor and who after World War II became director of a memorial museum at the site.

1920: Associated Justice Louis Brandeis voted with the majority today in deciding State of Missouri v. Holland, United States Game Warden a case in which Louis Marshall, Esq. submitted an amicus curae brief to the U.S. Supreme Court on Missouri v. Holland on behalf of the Association for the Protection of the Adirondacks was decided today.

1920: Birthdate of Marvin Mandel, the 56th Governor of Maryland.

1922: Birthdate of New York born American actress Marian Winters

1923: Frances (Fanny) Wolf, the New York born daughter of Lillian Hendricks Levy and Louis Napoleon Levy and her first husband Harold Lewis gave birth to Philip Lewis.

1923: In Manhattan, Jacob and Regina (Rothenberg) Hymes gave birth to Philip Frederick Hymes the WW II veteran and hold of an M.A. from the Teachers College at Columbia best known for his backstage work with “Saturday Night Live.” (As reported by Richard Sandomir)

https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/02/arts/television/phil-hymes-dead.html?action=click&module=Well&pgtype=Homepage&section=Obituaries

1924(15thof Nisan, 5684): Pesach

1924(15thof Nisan, 5684): In the evening, some of Harvard’s Jewish students are scheduled to attend a seder at the home of Greek and Latin Professor Harry K. Messenger, who along with his converted to Judaism.

1925(25th of Nisan, 5685):Sir David Lionel Goldsmid-Stern-Salomons passed away.  Born in 1851 he “was a scientific author and barrister.” The son of Philip Salomons of Brighton, and Emma, daughter of Jacob Montefiore of Sydney, he succeeded to the Baronetcy originally granted to his uncle David Salomons in 1873. He married Laura, daughter of Hermann Stern, 1st Baron de Stern and Julia, daughter of Aaron Asher Goldsmid, brother of Sir Isaac Lyon Goldsmid by which he had one son and three daughters. He assumed the additional surnames and arms of Goldsmid and Stern in 1899. He studied at University College, London and at Caius College, Cambridge, gaining a B.A. in 1874. In the same year he was called to the bar at the Middle Temple. He went on to produce several scientific works and pamphlets. He was a J.P., D.L. and High Sheriff of Kent, mayor and alderman of Tunbridge Wells, County Councilor for the Tunbridge division of Kent for 15 years and J.P. for London, Middlesex, Sussex, and Westminster. His home north of Tunbridge Wells, Broomhill, is preserved as the Salomons Museum. It is also a part of Canterbury Christ Church University, and is a center for postgraduate training, research and consultancy”

1926: “A group of prominent real estate men met tonight at the Park Lane Hotel” and “announced their contribution of $200,000 to the United Jewish Campaign which formally opens later this week in the presence of Mayor James Walker who had defied doctor’s orders to attend the event.

1927: “King of Kings” a Biblical epic silent film starring Joseph Schildkraut and Rudolph Schildkraut with music by Hugo Riesenfeld and Joseph Zuro and including an appearance by Ayn Rand as an extra was released today in the United States.

1928: Birthdate of William Klein, the New York of “an impoverished Jewish family” who gained fame as French photographer and filmmaker.

http://www.timesofisrael.com/master-of-the-close-up-william-klein-launched-a-genre/

http://www.masters-of-photography.com/K/klein/klein_articles1.html

1929: “Dinner Aids Salomon Fund” published today described inauguration of the Haym Salomon monument campaign which begin with a dinner at the Hotel Biltmore where attendees heard a speech by “Benjamin Winter, President of the Federation of Polish Jews, which is sponsoring the Salomon memorial.”

1930: In The Bronx, “operatic tenor Jan Peerce and talent agent Alice (Kalmanowitz) Peerce” gave birth to director Lawrence “Larry” Peerce whose most famous film may “Goodbye, Columbus.”

1930: New York Yankee 2nd baseman Jimmie Reese played in his first major league baseball game.

1931: After having premiered in New York City two week ago, “Crack Nuts” a comedy with music by Max Steiner was released to the rest of the United States

1933: As an expression of Nazi anger over Churchill’s speech warning that the Jews of Poland could suffer the same fate as the Jews of Germany, “a correspondent of the Birmingham Post reported from Berlin that ‘today newspapers are full with ‘sharp warnings for England’ with one headline referring to ‘Mr. Winston Churchill’s Impudence.’”

1933: “Campaign of English Nazis Taken Up in Rome During Mosely Parleys” published today described a meeting in Rome attended by Sir Oswald Mosley, Herman Goering “and other Fascist leaders in which methods for growing a Fascist movement that would number more than a million in England were discussed. (JTA)



1934: According to a report by Morton Rotehnberg, President of the Zionist Organization of America, 11,000 German Jewish refugees had entered Palestine from April 1, 1933 through January 1, 1934.  As co-chair of the United Jewish Appeal, Rothenberg is contributions totaling three million dollars to aid the refugees from Germany.”  At the same time, Dr. Arthur Hantke, director of the Palestine Foundation Fund reported that “there is no unemployment.”  There is an “insistent demand for workers” throughout the country meaning that the influx of immigrants will be a net economic gain.

1935(16thof Nisan, 5695): Second Day of Pesach

1935: It was reported today that the project to settle 1,600 Jewish children from Germany to Palestine by February 1936 “is among those supported by American Jewry through the United Jewish Appeal which is conducting a nationwide drive” to raise $3,250,000.

1936: Carl J. Austrian made public telegrams “Presidents and chancellors of several colleges and university in” the United States sent to Rabbi Jonah B. Wise in which they deplored “a decree promulgated shortly after Easter excluding Jewish children from German public schools.”

1936 (27th of Nisan, 5696): As Anti-Jewish riots broke out in Palestine Arabs killed nine Jews in Jaffa. Among the victims was Eliezer Bugitsky who was murdered by Sales Hassan and Abu Aabahi. The riots lasted until 1939.  The end product is the White Paper which was intended to put an end Jewish immigration and new land purchases.

1936: Arabs attacked Jews in the Tel Aviv-Jaffa district this morning leaving nine Jews dead and another fifty seriously wounded.

1936: “The economic plight of Jews in Poland suffering anti-Semitism was described at a mass meeting at the Hotel Pennsylvania today called by the Federation of Polish Jews in America in behalf of the American Committee Appeals for Polish Jews” which is trying to raise one million dollars to help the Poles.

 1937: Time magazine publishes an article an article about the origins and growth of Hart, Schaffner and Marx as the clothing firm marks its fiftieth anniversary.

1937: Construction of the Golden Gate Bridge a project on which Joseph Strauss served as Chief Engineer was completed today.

1938(18thof Nisan, 5698) Fourth Day of Pesach

1938: In Providence, RI, a Polish born immigrant who “worked as a plumber and contractor” gave birth to controversial academic Stanley Fish the holder of a B.A. from Penn and an M.A. and Ph.D. from Yale who began his career as an expert on poet John Milton.

https://cardozo.yu.edu/directory/stanley-fish

https://historynewsnetwork.org/article/169331

1938: Two hundred eighty prisoners attended a Passover service tonight at Sing Sing Prison where were led by Rabbi Jacob Katz, the Jewish chaplain and Zalman Yavneh the cantor at the West Side Institute Synagogue.

1939(30thof Nisan, 5699): Isaac Carasso passed away today in France.  Born in 1874, in what is now Thessaloniki but was then part of the Ottoman Empire, Carasso was part of a promienent Sephardic family.  He practiced medicine in Spain before beginning his studies of the effects of Yogurt on digestion.  In 1919 he founded the company that many Americans recognize as Danon Yogurt

1939: The Mizrachi Women’s Organization of America raised $20,000 at a luncheon at the Waldorf Astoria

1939(30thof Nisan, 5699): Henry Levi Leavitt the Chicago born  husband of Lena Gertrude Baer and father of Melbourne, Ruth, Adelaide and Margaret Leavitt  who opened The Horseshoe Store in Hoquaim, Washington with his brother-in-law Julius Baer and “served as the first vice-president of Temple Beth Israel in Aberdeen, Washington, passed away today in Los Angeles.

http://www.jmaw.org/henry-leavitt-hoquiam-washington/

1939: The Women’s League of Palestine raised $30,000 at a luncheon at the Hotel Astor.

1940: In Sofia, Bulgaria, the governments of Bulgaria and Romania signed an agreement creating an airline which will operate between Sofia and Bucharest with connecting flights to Tel Aviv.1941(22nd of Nisan, 5701): 8th Day of Pesach; Shabbat Shel Pesach

1941: Robert F. Wagner, Sr. introduced a resolution in the U.S. Senate stating that U.S. policy should favor the "restoration of the Jews in Palestine." The resolution was supported by 68 Senators.

1943: Members of Belgium Jewish underground aided by Christian railroad men derailed a train filled with Jewish deportees bound for the extermination camps. Several hundred Jews were saved.



 1943(14th of Nisan, 5703 ) - PASSOVER, WARSAW Ghetto UPRISING; The Jews were determined not to be moved without giving up a fight. 2,100 Germans, fully armed, enter the Ghetto. The Jews fighting force consisted of about 700 men and women.  They were armed with 17 rifles, 50 pistols and several thousand grenades and Molotov cocktails.  A small group of Jewish fighters open fire on the entering German troops. After an hour of skirmishing, the Germans retreated. The final liquidation of the Warsaw Ghetto began on the Eve of Passover, April 19, 1943. The deportation did not come as a surprise. The Germans had amassed a military force to carry it out, but did not expect to engage in a confrontation that included street battles. Armed German forces ringed the ghetto at 3:00 a.m. The unit that entered the ghetto encountered armed resistance and retreated. The main ghetto, with its population of 30,000 Jews, was deserted. The Jews could not be rounded up for the transport; the railroad cars at the deportation point remained empty. After Germans and rebels fought in the streets for three days, the Germans began to torch the ghetto, street by street, building by building. The entire ghetto became a sizzling, smoke-swathed conflagration. Most of the Jews who emerged from their hideouts, including entire families, were murdered by the Germans on the spot. The ghetto Jews gradually lost the strength to resist. On April 23, Mordecai Anielewicz the ZOB commander wrote the following to Yitzhak Zuckerman, a member of the ZOB command who was stationed on the "Aryan" side: "I cannot describe the conditions in which the Jews are living. Only a special few will hold out; all the others will perish sooner or later. Their fate is sealed. None of the bunkers where our comrades are hiding has enough air to light a candle at night.... Be well, my dear, perhaps we shall yet meet. The dream of my life has risen to become fact. Self - defense in the ghetto will have been a reality. I have been a witness to the magnificent, heroic fighting of Jewish men of battle". The rebels pursued their cause, even though they knew from the outset that they could not win. The Jewish underground would continue to fight the Nazis until the middle of May. The Polish underground only gave minimal help because of anti-Semitism prevalent among many. Although the Allies will neither publicize events nor try to help, even before the war ended, the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising became a symbol of Jewish resistance

1943: Chaike Belchatowska who had joined he ZOB (Jewish Fighting Organization) in January, 1943, and her future husband Boruch Spiegel, a commander of a ZOB fighting unit were among those who took part in the uprising that began today and we among the handful of fighters who survived.

http://www.nytimes.com/2002/04/07/world/chaike-b-spiegel-who-battled-nazis-in-the-warsaw-ghetto-dies-at-81.html

1943: The Bermuda Conference of Great Britain and the U.S., held in Hamilton, Bermuda, takes no meaningful action to help Jews in Europe. Before the meeting, representatives of both countries had agreed not to discuss immigration of Jews to their nations nor to ship food to Jewish refugees in German-occupied Europe.

1943: A year and a half after having been “to the predominately Jewish district of Sophienstreasse in Berlin,” “Arthur Schmidt was sent on Transport 37 from Gleis (Track) 17 of Berlin-Grunewald Station to Auschwitz” after which he was never heard from again.

1943: “Richard Law, the senior British representative at today’s Bermuda Conference wrote to his boss, foreign secretary Anthony Eden, ‘Sorry to bother you about Jews.  I know what a bore it is.’”

1943(14thof Nisan, 5703): Rabbi Menachem Ziemba conducted a Seder tonight in the Warsaw Ghetto days before he would be gunned down the Wehrmacht.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menachem_Ziemba

1943(14thof Nisan, 5703):  Members of the military attended a Seder at the Willard Hotel in Washington, D.C.

http://jhsgw.org/collections/objectofthemonth/2014-apr.php?utm_source=New+Obj+of+the+Month+TEMPLATE&utm_campaign=Passover+Object+of+Month&utm_medium=email

1944: Birthdate of Tel Aviv native, Yehuda Weinstein, who became the Attorney General of Israel.

1944(26thof Nisan, 5704): Eva Levin Altfeld, the Russian born daughter of Sima and Aba Ascher Levin and the wife of Solomon Altfeld passed away today after which she was buried at the B’nai Israel Congregation Cemetery in Baltimore, MD.

1945: General Bedell Smith, Ike’s Chief of Staff, telephones Churchill to describe the horror that American troops found when they liberated Buchenwald.  Smith assures Churchill that it was worse than the scenes Ike had described in his telegraph of the previous day.

1945: A “tommy” was photographed using his bulldozer to push the corpses found at Bergen-Belsen into a mass grave.” (Editor’s note – the British were not being insensitive.  They were trying to avoid an epidemic that would have wiped out more the survivors, most of whom were little more than walking skeletons with no resistance to disease.)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leslie_Hardman#/media/File:Bergen_Belsen_Liberation_03.jpg

1945:For a second time, General Eisenhower cabledMarshall, Army Chief of Staff, with a request to bring members of Congress and journalists to the newly liberated camps so that they could bring the horrible truth about Nazi atrocities to the American public.

1945: General Marshall received permission from the Secretary of War, Henry Lewis Stimson, and President Harry S. Truman for these delegations to visit the liberated camps

1945: During an afternoon speech in the House of Commons, Churchill describes the horrors discovered by Allied troops at places like Buchenwald and calls for Parliament to send eight representatives to view the camps as the first step in bringing those responsible for these atrocities to justices.

1945: U.S. Army troops captured Leipzig, Germany today where they found a general of the Volksstrum who had committed suicide lying in the floor of city “with a torn picture of His feuhrer beside his clenched fist.”

https://www.archives.gov/files/research/military/ww2/photos/images/ww2-187.jpg

1945: The Rodgers and Hammerstein musical "Carousel" opened on Broadway.

1945: Dr. Rudolf Kastner crossed the Swiss border today.

1946: Bouquets of gladioluses and other flowers from Palestine were present to wounded American soldiers at Halloran General Hospital in Staten Island as a gift of Palestine war veterans in appreciation of the aid the American military gave in the liberation of Europe’s Jews.  The gift was timed to coincide with the Festival of Passover.” The flowers were grown in Mishmar Hasharon a settlement mid-way between Tel Aviv and Haifa.

1946: New York Yankees Pitcher Herb Karpel appeared in his first major league baseball game.

1947:  This evening, The Shanghai Jewish Youth Community Center opened its Warsaw Ghetto Commemoration week with a Yizkor service. 

1947: Comedian Shelly Berman married Sarah Berman

1948: Twenty-four armored trucks filled with Jewish veterans who had served with the British Army during WW II, drove to a hilltop “situated less than a mile from the Arab village of Bureir” where the Jews disembarked and established a new settlement called Brur Hayal.

1948: Haganah captured Tiberias

1948: Dr. Maurice Finkelstein was appointed chairman of New York City’s Temporary Housing Rent Commission which had been “set up to administer the local freezing rents for permanent guests of hotels, apartment hotels and rooming and lodging houses” while aiding tenants threatened with eviction.

1948: A Palmach unit used Al-Kafrayn for a training base before blowing it up

1949(20th of Nisan, 5709): Reform Rabbi and Zionist leader Stephen Samuel Wise who in 1942 had met with U.S. Under-secretary of State Sumner Wells and that held “a press conference where he announced that the Nazis had a plan for the extermination of all European Jews, and had already killed 2 million” passed away passed away today. (Editor’s note – Guess the World really did know and the world just did not care)

http://www.swfs.org/welcome/history/

1950: At speech given to the Commerce and Industry Association in New York City, Harry A. Shadmon, director of the export division of the Chamber of Commerce of Tel Aviv and Jaffa said that “Israel stands a good chance this year of doubling the $4,500,000 in exports which it sent to the United States in 1949.” The figure for 1949 is especially impressive considering the military challenges the Jewish state was facing for the first six months of that year.

1951: CBS broadcast the first episode of “Casey, Crime Photographer” produced by Martin Manulis, with music by Morton Gould.

1951: “A Tree Grows in Brooklyn,” with lyrics by Dorothy Fields and music by Arthur Schwartz, based on the novel with the same name opened at the Alvin Theatre

1952: Herb “Gorman appeared for the St. Louis Cardinals against the Chicago Cubs today pinch-hitting in the 7th inning and grounding out” in what “was his only game in the majors.”

1952(24th of Nisan): Yiddish poet Moses David Gisser passed away in Santiago, Chile

1953(4th of Iyar, 5713): Yom HaZikaron

1953:Hermann Merkin and Ursula Merkin (née Ursula Sara Breuer) gave birth Jacob Ezra Merkin the financier who was a friend and business associate of Bernard Madoff with whom he colluded in the one of the worst Ponzi Schemes of the 21stcentury.



1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that torches and ceremonies on Mount Herzl had signaled the start of Israel's sixth year of independence.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that Yasha Heifetz, the world-famous violinist, whose countrywide concerts schedule included a Richard Strauss violin sonata, cancelled his next recital, as his right hand, struck by an unknown person who opposed playing Strauss and Wagner in Israel, had become painful. Prime minister, David Ben-Gurion expressed his deep regret over this unfortunate incident.

1953: The Jewish Labor Committee adopted a comprehensive program for this year that included a greater effort to obtain fair employment legislation in states and cities, as well as intensified activity to achieve drastic revisions of the McCarran-Walter Immigration Act.

1955: Ten months after having premiered in the United Kingdom, “The Young Lovers” with a screenplay by George Tabori, a score by Benjamin Frankel and featuring David Kossoff who would a British Film Academy Award as “most promising newcomer to film” was released in the United States today.

1960(22ndof Nisan, 5720): Eighth Day of Pesach marking the last observance of the holiday during the Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower.

1961: In Manhattan, Borscht Belt comedian Freddie Roman and his wife gave birth to Alan Kirschenbaum a television producer and comedy writer who worked on such shows as "Raising Hope,""My Name is Earl" and "Yes, Dear" (As reported by the LA Times obit staff)

1961(13thof Nisan, 5730): Sixty-five year old actress Rose Wallerstein, the wife Los Angeles theatre owner Oscar Ostroff passed away way today in California.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1961/04/21/118907978.pdf

1962(15thof Nisan, 5722): Pesach

1962: U.S. premiere of “Five Finger Exercise” based on the play by Peter Shaffer, directed by Daniel Mann with music by Jerome Moross.

1965: Funeral services for the late Mendel Osherowitch are scheduled to take place this morning at 11 am in Manhattan.

1966(29th of Nisan, 5726): Eighty-year old “prize-winning poet, author, translator, historian, and communal leader Emily Solis-Cohen” passed away. (As reported by Arthur Kiron)

http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/solis-cohen-emily

1966: Eighty-nine year old Russian born American opera impresario Max Rabinoff passed away today.

http://archives.nypl.org/mus/20361

http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/eresources/archives/rbml/Rabinoff/

1967:The head of the Zionist Organization of America declared today that Israel's hope for increased Western immigration, particularly a large influx of technically skilled young American Jews, could be realized only if Israel "creates the social and economic conditions" to attract it.1967: Konrad Adenauer former Chancellor of West Germany passed away.  Born in 1876, Adenauer remained in Germany during the war.  He was imprisoned by the government for his anti-Nazi sentiments.  In 1949, he was named Chancellor of the democratically elected West German Government.  Adenauer worked to reshape the role of Germany which included accepting responsibility for de-Nazfication and the role that Germany had played during the war.  He agreed to a program of reparations for the Jewish people and worked to establish harmonious relations with the state of Israel.  He did this in the face of pressure from Arab governments that had a lot more to offer the struggling German economy.

1970(13th of Nisan, 5730): Sixty-three year old Theodore Yudain, the Russian born son of Morris and Bertha Yudain and Connecticut newspaperman Theodore Yudain who was editor of the Greenwich News Graphic, political editor of the Bridgeport Herald and editor of the Stamford Advocate passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/1970/04/20/archives/theodore-yudain-stamford-editor.html

https://prabook.com/web/theodore.yudain/1089208





1971: In Casablanca, Moroccan Sephardic JewsDavid and Régine Elmaleh gave birth to “French stand-up comedian and actor” Gad Elmaleh.

http://gadelmaleh.com/





1972: The late Diane Arbus's photographs were chosen to appear in the Venice Biennale, marking the first time an American photographer was honored at the event.

1973(17thof Nisan, 5733): Third Day of Pesach

1973(17thof Nisan, 5753): Ninety one year old Hans Kelsen, the main author of Austria's new constitution after the First World War” and the Pure Theory of Law passed away today at Berkley, CA.

https://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2577&context=californialawreview

1973(17thof Nisan, 5733): Sixty-seven year old realtor Ida (Menter) Arffa, the widow of Emanuel Arffa and mother of Gerald, David and Marvin passed away today in New York state

1973:  Barbra Streisand recorded "Between Yesterday & Tomorrow"

1973: “Soylent Greent,’ a science fiction cliff hanger directed by Richard Fleishcer and co-starring Edward G. Robinson was released today in the United States.

1973: Birthdate of Israeli professional tennis player Tzipora “Tzipi” Obziler who represented Israel at the 2008 Summer Olympics in China.”

1974(27th of Nisan, 5734): Yom HaShoah

1974(27th of Nisan, 5734): Yigal Stavi was killed today when his F-4E Phantom II was shot down today by the Syrians.

1974: Benny Kiryati was taken prisoner when his F-4E Phantom II was shot down today by the Syrians.

1975(8thof Iyar, 5735): Seventy-six year old French author and historian Robert Aron passed away on the night before he was scheduled to be formally inducted into Académie Française

http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/2929246?uid=3739640&uid=2129&uid=2&uid=70&uid=4&uid=3739256&sid=21101919359323

1976: Professor of Meterology Tzvi Gal-Chen and his wife gave birth to Rivka Galchen “a Canadian-American writer and physician whose first novel, Atmospheric Disturbances, was published in 2008.” She has served as an adjunct professor in the writing division of Columbia University's School of Art

1978: Yitzhak Navron was elected 5th President of Israel.

http://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/aboutisrael/state/pages/yitzhak%20navon.aspx

1978: NBC broadcast “The Saving Remnant,” the fourth and final episode of the mni-series “Holocaust”

1978: Following the withdrawal of Israeli forces from Lebanon after Operation Litani, the South Lebanon Army (SLA) shelled NIFIL headquarters. 

1978: In Palo Alto, CA, Betsy Lou (née Verne), a writer and occasional actress, and Douglas Eugene "Doug" Franco a Silicon Valley businessman who met while they were students at Stanford gave birth to James Franco “an American actor, director, screenwriter, producer, teacher, author and poet.”

1979(22ndof Nisan, 5739): Eighth Day of Pesach and Yizkor

1979:Five Prisoners of Zion - Boris Penson, Anatoly Altman, Leib Khnokh, Hillel Butman and Wolf Zalmanson – were “pardoned by the Soviet authorities and left for Israel.

1981(15thof Nisan, 5741): Pesach is observed for the first time under President Ronald Reagan.

1982: Aharon Abuhatzira was convicted today “of larceny, breach of trust and fraud.”

1984(17thof Nisan, 5774): Third day of Pesach

1984: In “Ernie Cobb Keeps Chasing a Dream” published today Dave Anderson described how Ernie Cobb, who played basketball in Israel when nobody else would give him a chance, overcame false charges that he had taken point in a point-fixing conspiracy during while playing for Boston College.

1985: In a joint ceremony, President Ronald Reagan presented the Congressional Gold Medal to Elie Wiesel and on signed the Jewish Heritage Week Proclamation at the same time that Wiesel  “stirred deep emotions when he tried to dissuade President Ronald Reagan from taking time from a planned trip to West Germany to visit a military cemetery there, in Bitburg, where members of Hitler’s elite Waffen SS were buried” saying “That place, Mr. President, is not your place…Your place is with the victims of the SS.’http://www.pbs.org/eliewiesel/resources/reagan.html

1987: Lieutenant General Levi ended his term as IDF Chief of Staff.  The Tel Aviv native joined the army in 1954 and took part in the parachute drop into the Mitla Pass during the 1956 Sinai Campaign.  He passed away on January 8, 2008 (Shevat 1) at the age of 72.

1987: Today a series of shorts that would become the Simpsons became a regular feature of the Tracey Ullman Show, a creation of James. L. Brooks.

1989(14thof Nisan, 5749): Ta’anit Bechroto; erev Pesach

1989: One day after he had passed way, 63 year old Brooklyn born Melvin Annenberg, a loan office with Merchants Bank in Syracuse was buried in Temple Adath Yeshurun Cemetery.

1991: “Drop Dead Fred” a comedy starring Phoebe Cates was released today in the United States.

1993(28thof Nisan, 5753): Yom HaShoah observed for the first time during the Presidency of Bill Clinton.

1993: Fifty years after the start of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, Lillian Lazar describes the fight against the Nazis.

http://www.nytimes.com/1993/04/19/us/memories-live-of-warsaw-ghetto-battle.html?pagewanted=print&src=pm

1994:In Riverside Park, as a small group gathered to remember the 51st anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto uprising, Ruth W. Messinger's thoughts turned to what was happening in Gorazde. "Remembering what happened in Warsaw helps us express our outrage at what is now happening in Bosnia," said the Manhattan Borough President, referring to the siege of the Bosnian town. Benjamin Meed, another New Yorker, was living just outside the ghetto walls when the rebellion began on April 19, 1943, a Jew with Aryan papers. "For weeks I saw the ghetto burn," said the man who is now the president of the Warsaw Ghetto Resistance Organization in America. "It was terrible. I remember how I watched my neighbors go about their normal lives. There was a carousel outside the ghetto walls that kept going. I cannot forget the bystanders. Now, I cannot believe that after that the world could allow such a thing today." By the time the handful of ghetto fighters had mounted their valiant but hopeless uprising, there were 40,000 Jews left inside the ghetto facing the fatal deportation that had already carried hundreds of thousands to their deaths. Then, news of what was happening did not make its way easily from Warsaw. Word comes more speedily from Gorazde, where there are reportedly 65,000 people huddling in flight from Serbian forces advancing into the city, and United Nations officials have warned of a potential humanitarian catastrophe.

1994: A Tenement Building at 97 Orchard Street, New York City, NY was designated as a National Historic Landmark. “Built between the years 1863-1864, the tenement building at 97 Orchard Street is representative of the first surge in tenement construction in New York City propelled by the need to accommodate the large influx of immigrants that were settling in the Lower East Side during this period. The late nineteenth century saw a precipitous increase in Jewish immigration from Eastern Europe, many of whom settled in the Lower East Side. The building at 97 Orchard Street housed numerous ethnic groups including Germans, Irish, Greek and Spanish, however, the ethnic make-up of the tenement building between 1890 and well into the 1920s consisted entirely of Eastern European Jews. With its upper four floors remaining virtually untouched for sixty years, the building readily conveys to the present-day observer the harsh and confining living conditions experienced by many immigrants in New York City during the latter part of the nineteenth century, and Eastern European Jews in particular. During its period of highest use, as many as 10,000 people may have inhabited the tenement building at 97 Orchard Street.”

1996: Boļeslavs Maikovskis, the Latvian Nazi collaborator who lived undetected in New York for 36 before fleeing back to Europe died today without ever answering for his crimes.

1997: Amid a ballroom filled with local notables, and political dignitaries, the Jewish Chautauqua Society honored former U.S. Senator Harris Wofford with its National Champion of Interfaith Award. For the Jewish Chautauquans, who promote public service and interfaith dialogue, the award was especially relevant. Wofford, a Democrat who represented Pennsylvania in the Senate, is the Clinton administration's standard-bearer for volunteerism, the chief executive officer of the Corporation for National Service.

1998:In “The World; 50 Years Ago in Israel: Trying to Imagine the Future,” Marc D. Charney traces the history of the Jewish state.  

http://www.nytimes.com/1998/04/19/weekinreview/the-world-50-years-ago-in-israel-trying-to-imagine-the-future.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm

1998: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of interest to Jewish readers including“The Spanish Inquisition: A Historical Revision” by Henry Kamen,''The Discipline of Hope,'' by Herbert Kohl, and“Bitch: In Praise of Difficult Women” by Elizabeth Wurtzel.

2000(14th of Nisan, 5760): Fast of the First Born observed for the last time during the Presidency of Bill Clinton

2000(14th of Nisan, 5760: As Jews sat down for the Seder, based on the number of sales, thousands of Jews had their first chance to use the Reconstruction A Night of Questions: A Passover Haggadahby Rabbis Joy Levitt and Michael Strassfeld

2001(27th of Nisan, 5761): Ninety-year old Obie award winning playwright Lionel Abel “the son of Alter Abelson, a rabbi and poet, and of Anna Schwartz Abelson, a writer of short stories” passed away today.

2001(27th of Nisan, 5761): Forty-five Ornan Yekutieli, a sixth-generation Israeli on his father's side and a second generation Holocaust survivor on his mother's side who was born in Haifa in 1955 and was head of Jerusalem Now faction in the Jerusalem City Council, passed away in New York while waiting for a liver transplant.

2001: President and Mrs. Bush participated in the “Days of Remembrance” Observance in the U.S. Capitol. The President declared, “We are bound by conscience to remember what happened, and to whom it happened.” Mrs. Bush participated in the lighting of candles with a Holocaust survivor.

2001: At Colgate University’s Saperstein Jewish center Barry Strauss, director of peace studies and a professor of history at Cornell University, delivers a talk entitled “Massacre and Memory," followed by a discussion of the 1914 massacre in a small Russian-Polish village, and its after-effects.

2002:This afternoon 250 Jews and 350 Palestinians shouted at each other across Michigan Avenue in Chicago as the Arab-Israel conflict comes to the Windy City.

2003(17th of Nisan, 5763): Third Day of Pesach and Shabbat Chol HaMoed

2003: “Israel said today that it was willing to pull back troops, release some Palestinian prisoners and ease travel restrictions if an emerging Palestinian government made a serious effort to halt violence.”

2004(28th of Nisan, 5764): Yom HaShoah

http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/61109#.U1CvjJtOWpp

2004(28th of Nisan, 5764): Samuel Ralph "Subway Sam" Nahem a journey-man pitcher who began his career with Brooklyn in 1938 and finished it with the Phillies in 1948 passed away today at the age of 88.  Nahem came from a Jewish baseball family since his uncle was outfielder Al Silvera.

2004: The Jewish Theological Seminary Board of Overseers organizes a fund raiser that features a rare exhibition of original copies of the United States Constitution and Bill of Rights, owned by Dorothy Tapper Goldman. Proceeds from the event will enable JTS to make new acquisitions.

2005: A new mikvah designed by an Israeli architect was dedicated at the Grand Choral Synagogue in St. Petersburg, Russia.

2005(10thof Nisan, 5765): Seventy-nine pioneering jazz drummer Stan Levey passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/15/nyregion/stan-levey-bebop-drummer-dies-at-79.html

https://jazztimes.com/news/drummer-stan-levey-dies/

https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1488901/Stan-Levey.html

2006: Haaretz reported that a sixteen-year-old tourist from the United States who sustained critical wounds in Monday's suicide bombing was still in serious condition.The teenager was fighting for his life after doctors operated on him most of the night. His injuries were mostly to his stomach and internal organs and his aorta was torn, she said.The American boy's family did not want any details about him released to the media.

2006(21st of Nisan, 5766): Members of Portugal's Jewish community said prayers in a downtown Lisbon square to mark the 500th anniversary of a massacre of thousands of Jews in the Portuguese capital's streets. Chronicles from the time recount that when Catholic crowds, incited by a small group of priests, ran amok for three days in 1506 at least 2,000 Jews were butchered and burnt alive. The violence was said to have broken out after a local Jew questioned the validity of a supposed miracle. Lisbon at the time was gripped by hunger amid a prolonged drought and was threatened by an outbreak of the plague. Locals, encouraged by the Inquisition, sought divine help. About 50 members of Lisbon's Jewish community, estimated to number around 1,000, gathered at dusk in a square next to the Maria II National Theater, which was built on the site of an old Inquisition court. Participants declined to speak to reporters, citing a religious prohibition. Portugal's King Manuel I forced all Jews in his country to convert to Catholicism in 1496. Some fled, but those who stayed were subjected to humiliating public baptisms. They were designated "New Christians" or "Marranos," Iberian slang for pigs. Even then, they remained at risk from religious persecution and lived in designated Jewish quarters. In 1988, Portugal's then-president Mario Soares formally apologized to Jews for the persecution.

2007: The Israel Opera presents the season’s first performance of Richard Strauss’ “Ariadne auf Naxos.”

2007: A four day long International Conference entitled “Children Hidden in Belgium during the Holocaust meeting in Israel comes to an end.

2007: Paul “Kurtz appeared on Penn & Teller's television show Bullshit! arguing that exorcism and Satanic cults are merely "hype and paranoia.”

2007(1stof Iyar): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

2007: The Jerusalem Post reported that A Bible that a condemned member of the pre-state underground gave to his British prison guard minutes before he and a fellow Zionist fighter killed themselves is to be returned by the guard's son in Jerusalem today, six decades later. The saga dates back to 1947, when Meir Feinstein, 19, and Moshe Barazani, 21, were sentenced to death by the Mandatory authorities. Feinstein, of the Irgun, was condemned for his part in the bombing of the Jerusalem train station, and Barazani, of Lehi (the Stern Gang), was arrested with a grenade in his pocket while attempting to kill the city's British military commander. The two men became friends in the Jerusalem Central Prison and decided to blow themselves up rather than be hanged. Feinstein and Barazani formed a connection with a British police guard at the prison, Thomas Henry Goodwin, whom they dubbed "the good jailer." Right before their deaths, Feinstein presented Goodwin with a personally inscribed illustrated Bible. The Hebrew inscription read: "In the shadow of the gallows, 21.4.47. To the British soldier as you stand guard. Before we go to the gallows, accept this Bible as a memento and remember that we stood in dignity and marched in dignity. It is better to die with a weapon in hand than to live with hands raised. Meir Feinstein" A separate, similar English inscription was written below. Minutes later, after asking the guard for a moment of privacy to say a few prayers - thereby saving his life - the two men killed themselves with two booby-trapped oranges they'd hidden in their cell. Goodwin only realized later that there was an inscription for him in the Bible. "There is no doubt that they did not want to injure the guard. This is unequivocal," said Underground Prisoners Museum director Yoram Tamir in Jerusalem. Goodwin returned to the United Kingdom after Israel gained its independence in 1948 and kept the Bible for the next half century. Before his death, he asked his family to return it to the Feinstein family. Several months ago, Goodwin's son Dennis contacted the Prime Minister's Office in Jerusalem seeking to track down Feinstein's family and return the Bible. The Underground Prisoners Museum was able to locate Meir Feinstein's nephew, Elazar Feinstein. Today, Dennis Goodwin will return the Bible to Feinstein at the museum. Prime Minister Ehud Olmert attends the ceremony, which is conducted in cooperation with the Menachem Begin Heritage Center, and under the auspices of the Jewish Agency and the Prime Minister's Office. The Bible will be put on display at the Underground Prisoners Museum. Feinstein and Barazani are buried on the Mount of Olives.

2008: Diversity of Devotion: Celebrating New York’s Spiritual Harmony, an exhibit of photographs on display at the Brooklyn Public Library celebrating Faith in its many forms comes to a close. The Brooklyn Public Library show includes a photograph of Rabbi Levy and Rabbi Eliyahu of Congregation Beth Elohim in Queens taken by photographer and Forward contributor Julian Voloj. The work was drawn from Voloj’s series of photos on black Jews in America.

2008: Palestinian suicide bombers from Gaza drove three explosives-laden vehicles into the Kerem Shalom goods crossing on the border with Israel early today.

2008(14th of Nisan, 5768): Just as it did 65 years ago, the anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising falls on the same day on both the secular and Jewish calendars.

2008(14th of Nisan, 5768): In the evening, the first Seder marks the start of Pesach.

2008:The last surviving leader of the 1943 Warsaw ghetto uprising paid silent tribute to the young Jews who launched the doomed revolt against Nazi troops 65 years ago. Marek Edelman, 89, handed yellow tulips and daffodils to his grandchildren, Liza and Tomek. He watched as they placed them at the foot of the gray-and-black Monument to the Heroes of the Ghetto, located in a barren square at the heart of the former ghetto. Accompanied by a crowd of a few hundred people in wet weather, Edelman, in a wheelchair, moved on to nearby monuments to leaders of the ghetto revolt, before ending in a square where the Nazis put more than 300,000 Jews on trains to Auschwitz and other death camps. At a separate ceremony, members of the Jewish community read out the names of some of those killed in the uprising and then formed a human chain in front of the ghetto heroes' monument, as sirens wailed and military guards fired three rounds of gunfire as a sign of mourning. The uprising was the first act of large-scale armed civilian resistance against the Germans in occupied Poland during World War II. The Nazis walled off the ghetto in November 1940, cramming 400,000 Jews from across Poland into it, under inhuman conditions. On April 19, 1943, German troops started to liquidate the ghetto by sending tens of thousands of its residents to death camps. In the face of imminent death, several hundred young Jews took up arms in defense of the civilians. They held off German troops for three weeks with homemade explosives and a cache of smuggled weapons. The uprising ended when its main leaders - rounded up by the Nazis - committed suicide on May 8, 1943. The Nazis then razed the ghetto, street by street. Today’s commemorations followed official events held Tuesday, to avoid coinciding with the Jewish Sabbath. President Lech Kaczynski of Poland and President Shimon Peres of Israel led those observances.

2009: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readings including “Shadow and Light” by Jonathan Rabbn, “How Free Is Free? The Long Death of Jim Crow” by Leon F. Litwackand the recently released paperback edition of “Maps and Legends: Reading and Writing Along the Borderlands” byMichael Chabon.

2009: At NYU’s Bronfman Center for Jewish life people from all over New York City join in “Sing Out Israel,” an event featuring familiar Israeli and Jewish tunes.

2009:A.B. Yehoshua, the award-winning Israeli author, reads from and discusses his most recent novel, “Friendly Fire,” and chats about his life as a writer and his thoughts on Israel in a conversation with Leon Wieseltier, at the Sixth and I Historic Synagogue in Washington, D.C.

2009:The Illinois Holocaust Museum & Education Center opened today under rainy skies, with several thousand people seated beneath large tents, their enthusiasm shown in a standing ovation for survivors.

2010: As part of its Graduate Seminar Program, The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to present a program entitled “‘Gentleman's Agreement’ and ‘Crossfire’:  Anti-Semitism at the Movies”

2010: Terminal 5 is scheduled to host New York’s community-wide Yom Ha'Atzmaut celebration honoring Israel's fallen and celebrating 62 years of independence at what is described as the largest Yom Ha'Zikaron/Yom Ha'Atzmaut gathering in the world outside of Israel!

2010(5th of Iyar, 5770): Yom Hazikaron

2010(5th of Iyar, 5770):Felicia Haberfeld, a native of Poland who fought to reclaim her husband's ancestral home in Auschwitz decades after it was seized by the Nazis, died today at the age of 98 in Los Angeles. http://articles.latimes.com/2010/may/01/local/la-me-felicia-haberfeld-20100501

2010: The State Department summoned the senior Syrian diplomat in Washington to accuse his government of "provocative behavior" in supplying scud ballistic missiles to Hezbollah.

2011(15 Nisan, 5711): First Day of Pesach

2011: “Adnan Dameery, spokesperson for the Palestinian Security Forces, reported DNA tests had exonerated a detained suspect and that the masked gunman who had murdered Juliano Mer-Khamis, the former IDF paratrooper and filmmaker, was still at large.

2011: In the evening Second Seder.  Somewhere a person with roots in the Gibraltar Jewish Community will say “Todo el que tenga hambre, venga y coma, todo el que tenga menester, venga y pascue” (Anyone who is hungry come and eat; all who have need, come and celebrate) as they follow that community’s custom of reciting the Haggdah in Ladino for the Second Seder.

2011: In the third such attack in Greece in less than 2 years, arsonists break into Corfu island synagogue and damage at least 30 prayer books.

2011: Steve Soboroff was hired by Frank McCourt to be the Vice Chairman of the Los Angeles Dodgers baseball team. (Soboroff was Jewish)

2011: A revival performance of Larry Kramer’s “The Normal Heart” opened today

2011:Venerable Art Dealer Is Enmeshed in Lawsuits” published today looks at the challenges facing 65 year old Guy Wildenstein, the leader of “a discreet dynasty of Jewish art dealers.”

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/20/arts/design/wildenstein-art-gallery-is-beset-by-lawsuits.html

2012(27th of Nisan, 5772): Yom Hashoah

2012: “Spoken Word and Music Performance” a Holocaust Remembrance Day observance co-sponsored by La Maison Francaise is scheduled to take place at the Embassy of France in Washington, D.C.

2012: Holocaust survivor and Director of the ADL, Abraham Foxman is scheduled to appear at the Illinois Holocaust Museum’s Yom Hashoah memorial event.

2012:Yad Vashem will publish thousands of new documents today gleaned from national and KGB archives from the former Soviet Union on this year’s Holocaust Remembrance Day.

2012:” Remembrance” a film that depicts a love story between a German Jew and a

Polish Catholic that blossomed amid the terror of Auschwitz in 1944 is scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2012: The world’s most wanted living Nazi collaborator is Laszlo Csatary, the Simon Wiesenthal Center said in its annual report today (As reported by Gil Shefler)

2012:Left-wing extremists defaced three monuments to Israeli terror victims and fallen members of the security services in the Jordan Valley, police discovered today, just one week before Israel honors its war dead.

2012: Irwin M. Jacobs “was named the W. P. Carey School of Business Dean’s Council of 100 Executive of the Year, which honors change-making business leaders who serve as models for today’s business students”

2012: Yad Vashem is scheduled to publish “thousands of new documents gleaned from national and KGB archives from the former Soviet Union on this year’s Holocaust Remembrance Day. The new archival material – totaling approximately one million new documents – is available following several international agreements made in the past four years with national archives and those with the KGB from the former USSR.”

2013: The Maccabeats are scheduled to perform at a Shabbat Event at the University of Illinois sponsored by Chabad.

2013: “No Place on Earth” is scheduled to premiere in Portland, Oregon and Chicago, Illinois.

2013(9th of Iyar, 5773): Ninety-two year old Francois Jacob, the recipient of the 1965 Nobel Prize in Medicine passed away today.

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/Francois_Jacob.html

http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/26/science/francois-jacob-geneticist-who-pointed-to-how-traits-are-inherited-dies-at-92.html?hpw&_r=0

2013(9th of Iyar, 5773): Eighty-year old computer and math wizard Kenneth I. Appel passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/29/technology/kenneth-i-appel-mathematician-who-harnessed-computer-power-dies-at-80.html?hpw

2013(9th of Iyar, 5773): Ninety-five year photographer turned actor Allan Arbus best known for his role as the quirky psychiatrist on “M*A*S*H,” passed away today.

http://articles.latimes.com/2013/apr/23/local/la-me-allan-arbus-20130424

http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/24/arts/television/allan-arbus-mash-actor-dies-at-95.html?hpw&_r=1&

2013(9th of Iyar, 5773): Eighty-three year old children author and illustration E. L. Konigsburg passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/23/books/e-l-konigsburg-author-is-dead-at-83.html?adxnnl=1&hpw=&adxnnlx=1397794594-SMEnWuKXROUXINPAORU6GA&gwt=regi

2013: A dinner to help raise funds for research on treating Glycogen Storage Disease, a rare Ashkenazi Jewish liver disorder is scheduled to be held at the Coral Springs Marriott.

2013: On the secular calendar, 70th anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005188

2013: A complex $10 billion arms deal in its final stages would strengthen two key Arab allies – the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia - while maintaining Israel's military edge, US defense officials said today.

2013: Following the public outrage over a debt arrangement between Bank Leumi and tycoon Nochi Dankner’s Ganden Holdings Ltd., the bank announced this afternoon that it was backing out of the arrangement.

2014: “The Last Act of Lilka Kadison” is scheduled to have its final performance today at the Falcon Theatre in Burbank

2014: In Poland, observance of Holocaust Remembrance Day which coincides with the anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.

2014:The main synagogue in Nikolayev, located in the southeast of Ukraine, was firebombed today when two Molotov cocktails were thrown at the synagogue’s door and window. (As reported by JTA)

2014: “Paris-Manhattan” is scheduled to be shown at the JCC Rockland International Jewish Film Festival.

2014: Premiere of “5 to 7” directed by Victor Levin at the Tribeca Film Festival.

2015: “The Art Dealer” is scheduled to be shown as part of the UK Jewish Film Festival.

2015: “G-D’s Honest Truth” is scheduled to be performed for the last time at Theatre J in Washington, D.C.

2015: In Washington, D.C. Dr. Samuel Gruber is scheduled to deliver a lecture entitled “ Before Modernism: American Synagogue Architecture Before WW II.”

2015(30thof Nisan, 5775): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

2015: “American Jewish comedian Amy Schumer” talked about her “new film ‘Trainwreck’” today “at the 2015 Tribeca Film Festival.”

2015(30thof Nisan 5775): Eleven days before his one hundredth birthday Elio Toaff who served as Chief Rabbi of Rome from 1951 to 2002 passed away today.

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/news/elio-toaff-chief-rabbi-of-rome-who-stood-with-pope-john-paul-ii-in-the-vaticans-drive-to-reach-out-10193603.html

2015: The New York Times features books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Fall of the Ottomans: The Great War in the Middle East by Eugene Rogan and the recently released paperback edition of Mad As Hell:The Making of “Network” and the Fateful Vision of the Angriest Man in Movies by Dave Itzkoff

2015: In commemoration of Yom HaShoah the Guy Mendilow Ensemble and the Philadelphia Girls’ Choir are scheduled to a perform a concert that includes compositions in English and Ladino that takes us "musical trek from bustling Mediterranean ports and resplendent Balkan capitals to communities shattered in the Second World War and all but forgotten" at the National Museum of Jewish History in Philadelphia.

2015: Today’s Yom Hashoah observance at the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum in Atlanta, GA is scheduled to include a speech by Ambassador Stuart Eizenstat and the Atlanta Boy Choir performing “I Never Saw Another Butterfly.”

2015: The President’s Residence announced today that Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu will meet with President Reuven Rivlin tomorrow “to request an extension in forming” a new government. (Times of Israel)

2015: “Hundreds of people commemorated the 72nd anniversary of the outbreak of the Warsaw Ghetto uprising” this afternoon in the Polish capital city.

2015: “Hungarian Holocaust survivors rescued 70 years ago from a train taking them from one concentration camp to another today paid tribute to the American soldiers who helped liberate them.”

2015: The 12th annual “March of Good Will” a demonstration against anti-Semitism took place today in Prague.

2016(11thof Nisan, 5576): Ninety-three year old Nobel Prize laureate Walter Kohn passed away today. (As reported by Sam Roberts)

https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/26/science/walter-kohn-nobel-winning-scientist-dies-at-93.html

https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1998/kohn-bio.html

https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1998/kohn-bio.html

2016: The American Jewish Historical Society is scheduled to present “Kosher USA: How Coca-Cola Came to the Passover Seder and Other Tales of Modern Kosher Food” which “follows the journey of kosher foods through the modern industrial food system, traces how iconic products such as Coca Cola tried to become kosher, what made Manischewitz wine the very first kosher name brand to gain an African American audience, and more.

2016: In “Streti’s Matzo, a New York Tale of a Lost Love” published today Nicolas Rapold provided a review of a documentary about the Big Apple and the Bread of Affliction.

https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/20/movies/streits-matzo-and-the-american-dream-review.html?hpw&rref=movies&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

2016: Future Treasury Secretary Steve Mnuchin, “an early Trump supporter” attended Trump’s victory party “after the New York Republican primary” today.

2016: In an appearance sponsored by the Thaler Holocaust Memorial Fund, “Magda Brown, who was 17 years old in 1944 when she and her family were deported on one of the final transports to Auschwitz-Birkenau” is scheduled to speak at Kennedy Sr. High School.

2016: “Norman Lear: Just Another Version of You” is scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.”

2016(11th of Nisan, 5776): Fifty-one year old Israeli movie star Ronit Elkabetz passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/20/movies/ronit-elkabetz-israeli-film-star-and-director-dies-at-51.html?_r=0

2016: All decent human beings pray for the recovery of 15 year old Eden Dadon and all of the other victims of yesterday’s terrorist bus bombing in Jerusalem as they fight to recover from their wounds and burns.

2017(23rdof Nisan, 5777): Ninety-six year old Ruth Sulzberger Holmberg, the former publisher of The Chattanooga Times, the Sulzberger paper before the New York Times, passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/19/business/media/ruth-sulzberger-holmberg-newspaper-publisher-dies-at-96.html?module=WatchingPortal&region=c-column-middle-span-region&pgType=Homepage&action=click&mediaId=thumb_square&state=standard&contentPlacement=1&version=internal&contentCollection=www.nytimes.com&contentId=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F04%2F19%2Fbusiness%2Fmedia%2Fruth-sulzberger-holmberg-newspaper-publisher-dies-at-96.html&eventName=Watching-article-click&_r=0

2017: The UK Jewish Film Organization is scheduled to sponsor a screening of “The Pickle Recipe” in Glasgow, Scotland

2017: The UK Jewish Film Organization is scheduled to host a special preview screening of “The Zookeeper’s Wife” at the Phoenix Cinema.

2017: “Barney’s Version” and “Weirdos” are scheduled to be shown at the Vancouver Jewish Film Centre. 2017: “An Israeli computer scientist,” “Adi, Sahmir, a professor at the Weizmann Institute” is scheduled to receive a Japan Prize today as recognition “for his contribution to information security through pioneering research on cryptography.”

2017:Poland’s chief Rabbi Michael Schudrich led “the burial ceremony of  Torah Scrolls in the Warsaw Jewish Cemetery” today.

2017: “Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu faced harsh criticism from bereaved parents today over his management of the 2014 Gaza war during an emotional three-and-a-half-hour-long hearing, including a series of heated back and forths between politicians and families of those killed in battle.”

2017: “Holocaust Escape Tunnel,” a “Nova” production shown this evening, sheds new light on the attempt by 80 imprisoned men and women — mostly Lithuanian Jews — to make a break for freedom in the face of Nazi bullets.

http://www.timesofisrael.com/science-helped-verify-this-unbelievable-holocaust-escape-story/

2018(4thof Iyar): Israel Independence Day observed since the fifth of Iyar falls on erev Shabbat; for more see http://downhomedavartorah.blogspot.com/

2018: The Jewish Federation of Cleveland is scheduled to host Israeli singer-songwriter David Broza at its Yom Ha’atzmaut celebration at Landerhaven,

2018: “Ina Lancman, daughter of Naftali Herts Kon, well-known Yiddish poet and writer, are scheduled to give a presentation together with Polish attorney Tomasz T. Koncewicz. Lancman that will focus on Naftali Herts Kon’s literary career and the stirring story of his persecution and the confiscations of his papers under the Soviet and communist Poland regimes”

https://www.yivo.org/Naftali-Herts-Kon

2018: Natan Sharansky is scheduled to receive his Israel Prize for promoting immigration today as part of Israel’s Independence Day celebrations

2019: On the 76th anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto uprising, it has been reported that “Hamburg prosecutors have charged a 92 year old former concentration camp guard”  “identified only as Bruno D. of aiding and abetting 5,230 case of murder during the almost nine months he spent on duty at” Stutthof Concentration Camp as a member of the SS.

2019: In one of those Calendar Coincidences, on the Gregorian calendar, Good Friday, which marks one of the most famous Passover related events in history coincides with the start of Passover in the evening.  For more see The Trial and Death of Jesus by Haim Cohn.

2019(14thof Nissan, 5779): Ta’anit Bechorot; Erev Pesach;

14th of Nisan, 5622(1862): In the evening, during the Civil War, Pesach begins with 21 Union soldiers of the 23rd Ohio Volunteer Regiment celebrating with a Seder in Fayette, West Virginia.

14th of Nisan, 5660( 1900):  Poor Jews living on the Lower East Side were relieved to find that free matzoth were being distributed at Charles “Silver Dollar” Smith’s “old place on Essex Street.”  There was concern that the distribution would end since Smith had passed away last year.  Before he had changed his name, Smith was known as variously as Charles Goldschmidt or Charles Solomon.  A New York alderman who was part of the Tammany Hall machine, he was called “Silver Dollar” because of the “2,400 silver dollars used as a studded inlay in his saloon…”

14th of Nisan, 5671(1911):This evening, the Young Men’s Hebrew Association host a public Seder in New York and “special services” for the Jewish immigrants currently detained at Ellis Island.

14th of Nisan, 5631(1871): As the Jews of Newark, New Jersey, begin the celebration of Passover this evening, it is estimated that they will consume 10,000 to 15,000 pounds of matzoth during the eight days of the holiday

14th of Nisan, 5671(1911):This evening, the Young Men’s Hebrew Association host a public Seder in New York and “special services” for the Jewish immigrants currently detained at Ellis Island.



14th of Nisan, 5674(1914): Four hundred and fifty Jewish servicemen including sailors from the battleships Texas, North Dakota, Washington, Ohio, Wyoming and Louisiana are scheduled to take part in a seder specifically for military personnel at Tuxedo Hall in Manhattan.



14th of Nisan, 5700(1940):The Sommer family sit down to their first Seder in Liechtenstiein.  How this family of German Jewish refugees from Munich came to be there was chronicled by Susi Pugatsch-Sommer in an article entitled “A Pesach Miracle in Nazi Germany.”



14th of Nisan, 5703(1943):Members of Belgium Jewish underground aided by Christian railroad men derailed a train filled with Jewish deportees bound for the extermination camps. Several hundred Jews were saved.

14th of Nisan, 5703(1943): PASSOVER, WARSAW Ghetto UPRISING; The Jews were determined not to be moved without giving up a fight. 2,100 Germans, fully armed, enter the Ghetto. The Jews fighting force consisted of about 700 men and women.  They were armed with 17 rifles, 50 pistols and several thousand grenades and Molotov cocktails.  A small group of Jewish fighters open fire on the entering German troops. After an hour of skirmishing, the Germans retreated. The final liquidation of the Warsaw Ghetto began on the Eve of Passover, April 19, 1943. The deportation did not come as a surprise. The Germans had amassed a military force to carry it out, but did not expect to engage in a confrontation that included street battles. Armed German forces ringed the ghetto at 3:00 a.m. The unit that entered the ghetto encountered armed resistance and retreated. The main ghetto, with its population of 30,000 Jews, was deserted. The Jews could not be rounded up for the transport; the railroad cars at the deportation point remained empty. After Germans and rebels fought in the streets for three days, the Germans began to torch the ghetto, street by street, building by building. The entire ghetto became a sizzling, smoke-swathed conflagration. Most of the Jews who emerged from their hideouts, including entire families, were murdered by the Germans on the spot. The ghetto Jews gradually lost the strength to resist. On April 23, Mordecai Anielewicz the ZOB commander wrote the following to Yitzhak Zuckerman, a member of the ZOB command who was stationed on the "Aryan" side: "I cannot describe the conditions in which the Jews are living. Only a special few will hold out; all the others will perish sooner or later. Their fate is sealed. None of the bunkers where our comrades are hiding has enough air to light a candle at night.... Be well, my dear, perhaps we shall yet meet. The dream of my life has risen to become fact. Self - defense in the ghetto will have been a reality. I have been a witness to the magnificent, heroic fighting of Jewish men of battle". The rebels pursued their cause, even though they knew from the outset that they could not win. The Jewish underground would continue to fight the Nazis until the middle of May. The Polish underground only gave minimal help because of anti-Semitism prevalent among many. Although the Allies will neither publicize events nor try to help, even before the war ended, the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising became a symbol of Jewish resistance



14th of Nisan, 5708(1948):Erev Pesach the rations given out in Jerusalem for the observance of Passover included 2 lbs. of potatoes, ½ lb of fish, 4 lb. of matzo, 1 ½ oz. dried fruit, ½ lb. meat, and ½ lb. of matzo flour. As one who was there later wrote, “For the trapped citizens of Jerusalem, who had become accustomed to privation, the Passover provisions seemed like a banquet. However, for the citizens of Jerusalem, it was not a particularly merry affair. On the verge of their national freedom, the inhabitants of Jerusalem sat somberly around their tables. This was the first time since the nightly shellings that the city's citizens had come together in assembly in the various homes throughout the city that had been the dream of two thousand years' Seders. Tonight is a holiday, but tomorrow the struggle will go on. As they sat to begin the Seder, they heard the beginning of the snipers bullets looking for a straggler in the streets. But tonight was different. As they opened the door, as they had done for scores of generations, to welcome in Elijah, there was no fear. Tonight is a night of divine protection. As the Holy One protected the Jews in Egypt, so shall he protect us here in the war torn city of Jerusalem. "Once we were slaves, but today we are free men" recited in the Haggadah, took on new meaning. The British are leaving, the Arabs are attacking, and we are beginning our new national lives as free men in our own country. "Next year in Jerusalem" had a meaning that we never before understood. We meant it; we would not relinquish our dream to return to our homeland, to the city that has been in our hearts throughout the two thousand year exile. Now we are free men, tomorrow we must continue the fight to remain free.

2020(25thof Nisan, 5780):

2020: In Coralville, IA, the pandemic does not halt the learning as Kathy Jacobs is scheduled to lead an introductory y session about Mussar, thanks to the wonders of Zoom.

2020: In Atlanta, GA, the Breman Museum is scheduled to broadcast “a very special Yom HaShoah message online and through social media” featuring Ilse Eichner Reiner, Holocaust survivor, and a Anat Sultan-Dadon, Consul General of Israel to the Southeastern United States.

2020: The Jewish Community Relations Council of Greater Boston is scheduled to host “Virtual Yom HaShoah Remembrance & Reflection”

2020: Since Jews only eat two times – when they are sad and when they are happy – in Cleveland, “Nathan, Seth, Eric and Angie are standing by for your orders as “Kantina” is scheduled to open today with curbside pickup and home delivery.

https://www.kantinakatering.com/

2020: The New York Times features reviews by Jewish author and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including When Time Stopped: A Memoir of My Father’s War and What Remains by Ariana Neumann, Pharma:Greed, Lies, and the Poisoning of America by Gerald Posner, The Toddler in Chief: What Donald Trump Teaches Us About the Modern Presidencyby Daniel W. Drezner and Wayside School Beneaeth the Cloud of Doom by Louis Sachar

2020: Today, Israelis are scheduled to feel the first full day of the government’s plan to open the economy which were announced last and will be reviewed in two weeks.

https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog-april-18-2020/?utm_source=Breaking+News&utm_campaign=breaking-news-2020-04-18-2286093&utm_medium=email

2020: ““A Slippery Slope: Jews, Schmaltz and Crisco” during which Rachel Gross, American Jewish studies chair at SFSU, talks about how Crisco began in 1913 with intense marketing toward Jewish women, who in turn began relinquishing authority to corporate “experts” is scheduled to be “organized on Zoom by Jewish LearningWorks” this afternoon.

2020: Yom HaShoah Commemoration at Beth Hillel Bnai Emunah, in Wilmette, Illinois, scheduled for today has been canceled due to the Pandemic.










This Day, April 20, In Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb Levin Z"L

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April 20



121:  Birthdate of Marcus Aurelius 16th Roman emperor.  The “Philosopher” Emperor reigned from 161-180 and he was a cut above those who came before and after him.  But he had a low opinion of the Jews, referring to them as “stinking and tumultuous” as “he rode through Judea.”  He reportedly preferred the company of the barbaric Teutons in the north to that of the Jews.  This attitude may have been shaped by the difficulty the Romans had in defeating the Jews during their successive rebellions against Rome.  Only 25 years before Marcus Aurelius came to power, it had taken the full force of the Roman Empire four years to finally defeat Bar Kochba and Rabbi Akiva.

570: Birthdate of Muhammad or Mohammad, the founder of Islam.

636:  At the Battle of Yarmuk the Arabs took control of Syria and Palestine away from the Byzantine Empire. It is considered by some historians to have been one of the most significant battles in the history of the world, since it marked the first great wave of Muslim conquests outside Arabia, and heralded the rapid advance of Islam into Christian Palestine, Syria and Mesopotamia.  The battle took place only four years after the prophet Muhammad died in 632.  Considering the way the Christians had been treating them, the conquest by the Arabs left the Jews in a comparatively better position.

1096: Approximately 40,000 peasants led by Peter Hermit left Cologne on the start of what was called the “Peasants’ Crusade.”  This populist movement among the poor was the most ill-fated part of the First Crusade.  The peasants had nothing and trusted in God to provide for them. This meant living off of the land which would bode ill for those in their path including the Jews of the Rhineland.

1176: Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, nicknamed “Strongbow” whose attempt to establish an independent kingdom in Ireland was bankrolled by a Jewish financier, “Josce Jew of Gloucester” passed away today.

1191: Phillip II, who expelled the Jews from France in 1182 after extorting as much money as he could from them, arrived at Acre to perform his holy Christian obligation to take part in the Crusades.

1192: As the Christians jockey for control over the Holy Land, Richard I of England gives his support to Conrad of Montferrat’s claim to be King of Jerusalem.

1298(7thof Iyar, 5058):  In Rotttingen, a small German town in Franconia, a local noble named Rindfleish, accused the local Jews of profaning the host. He then incited the Burgher and local populace to join in the killing. Twenty one Jews were murdered. The killing soon spread to a hundred and forty communities in Bavaria and Austria. In all tens of thousands of Jews were either killed or wounded.  The killing stopped when the civil war raging through Germany ended.  Albrecht, the newly chosen Emperor, brought an end to the violence and even punished some the participants.

1303: Pope Boniface VIII issues the bull creating The University of Rome La Sapienza. Considering the fact that Boniface believed in the concept that “Outside the Church, no Salvation” meaning that the key to salvation required membership in the Catholic Church, it is safe to assume that there were no Jewish students or faculty at the school.  Relations between the Jews and the school have obviously changed as can be seen by the “wide-ranging cooperation agreement” that was signed by Tel Aviv University and Rome's Sapienza University in March of 2010. The agreement, allows for exchanges of students and professors, as well as joint research projects and master's programs. The Italian economist Franco Modigliani and Zionst Ze'ev Jabotinsky were two of the most prominent Jews to attend the University of Rome during the 20th century.

1314: Pope Clement V the first of the “Avignon Popes who in the first year of his reign, 1305, became the “first pope to threaten Jews with an economic boycott in an attempt to force them to stop charging Christians interest on loans passed away today.

1344(28thof Nisan, 5104): Levi Ben Gershon (the RaLBaG) also known as Gersonides passed away.

1505: Philibert of Luxembourg expelled the Jews from Orange Burgundy. At this time Luxembourg is ruled by Phillip the Fair, King of Spain - where Jews had been expelled in 1492.  Phillip's mother was Marie of Burgundy.  In this case the Jews merely seemed to have gotten caught up in the dynastic swirl that was so much of European History prior to the French Revolution.

1506: Violence continued for a second day in Lisbon after Christians attack the Jews when a recently converted Jew “raised doubts” about the appearance of a miraculous vision at St. Dominic’s Church. (History of the Jewish People)

1615:  Led by Dr. Chemnitz, the guilds of Worms "non-violently" forced the Jews from the city. Chemnitz was a lawyer and he devised a series of schemes where the Jews were deprived of food and the ability to leave and enter the city.  A deputation came to them on what was the seventh day of Pesach and gave them an hour to leave the city.  As the Jews left, the thousand year old synagogue and the adjacent burial grounds were attacked and desecrated by the "non-violent" citizens of Worms, Germany.

1632(29th of Nisan): “Nicolas Antione, a French Protestant theologian and pastor who attempted to convert to Judaism and lived the life of a crypto-Jew “suffered martyrdom by being burned at the stake in Geneva today.

1657:  After a battle of almost two years Asser Levy one of the original 23 settlers was allowed to serve on guard duty. Levy had been denied the right to serve, having been told to pay a tax instead.  This was the European Way of doing things.  Levy would have none of it.  Serving guard duty marked him as a full-fledged citizen.  It was an early indication that the New World would indeed be a new world for the Jews. Levy who was the ritual slaughterer of the town opened his slaughterhouse on what is now Wall Street. He further petitioned to be allowed the rights as a Burgher or freeperson on the town, which he received albeit reluctantly by the burgomasters of New Amsterdam.

1728:The London Gazette reports that twelve individuals (including four Jews) who had been previously captured by Moroccan pirates are now released under a new peace treaty between England and the Emperor of Morocco. Rachel, David, and Raphael Franco along with Blanco Flora had been captured while en route from London to New York. The Gazettereports that they were returned to England on "His Majesty's Ship Monmouth." Interestingly enough, though the other victims are listed by name and nationality i.e. William Pendergrass/English, Joseph Patroon/Spanish, Alboro Tordaselas/Gibraltar— the four Jews (Rachel, David and Raphael Franco, and Blanco Flora), are listed as "Jews," under nationality. These events of 1728 preceded the era of Jew Bills and the civil and religious liberties of Jewish people were far from secure. They were indeed people without a country. Our research shows the Franco family to be of Portuguese/Sephardic extraction, who generations before undoubtedly fled the Inquisition of Portugal. Raphael Franco became a powerful merchant in the diamond and coral trade operating between India, Brazil and England.

1729: London native Mordecai Marks who came to America in 1726 “was baptized today at Stratford, CT.”

1746: Four days after the Battle of Culloden, during the “Jacobite Rising” for which Sampson Gideon provided the funds to the Hanoverian-Whig government so it could defeat Charles Edward Stuart, Charles,dismissed his remaining force of 1,500 saying that the fight could not go on without French support.

1747: In New York City, Jochabed Michaels and Judah Mears gave birth to (Judith) Rachel Mears, the wife of Moses Iaacks whom she married in 1764 and with whom she had fourteen children.

1753(16thof Nisan, 5513): Second Day of Pesach; 1st day of the Omer

1759: Vögele Pressburg, the daughter of Isak Aron Arnsteiner and Ella Elsa Eleonora Arnsteiner and wife of Simon Samuel Pressburg passed away today at Mattersburg, Burgenland, Austria.

1760: In Buchau, Franziska Levi and David Einstein gave birth to Moses David Einstein

1772(17thof Nisan, 5532): Third day of Pesach

1772(17thof Nisan, 5532): Israel Ben Moses Ha-Levi Zamosz, a Polish born Talmudist who wrote on both religious and secular subjects passed away today at Brody

http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Zamosc_Yisrael_ben_Mosheh_ha-Levi

1773(27thof Nisan, 5533): Nehm Joseph Rindskopf, the son of Joseph (Yosel) Alexander Rindskopf, z. Ampel and Jentel Mosche Rindskopf and husband of Hindle Rindskopf passed away today in Frankfurt.

1777: At Kingston, the New York Convention voted to guarantee the free exercise of religion.

1775(20thof Nisan, 5535): Sixth Day of Pesach

1785: Birthdate of German native Nanette Wexler the wife of Leser Lazarus Ochsenhorn whom she married in 1803 and with whom she had eight children.

1786(22ndof Nisan, 5546): Eigth Day of Pesach; Yizkor

1790: Birthdate of Ludwig Hermann Friedlander, the native of Konigsberg who served as physician with the Prussian Army, the first step on a career that led to him being appointed as a Professor of Theoretical Medicine at Halle, as position he held until his death in 1851.

1796: Amsterdam native Rabbi Abraham Azuby, the “first paid rabbi at K.K. Beth Elohim Congregation in Charleston” officiated at the wedding of “Benjamin Milhado of Kingston, Jamaica to Hannah Depass, “the youngest daughter of Ralph Depass, a vendue master” in Charleston, SC. (Editor’s note – according to the dictionary a vendue master is an auctioneer.)

1799(15thof Nisan, 5559): First day of Pesach and Shabbat

1799: In a proclamation, a copy of which is quoted below, Napoleon "promised" the Jews of Eretz Israel the "reestablishment of ancient Jerusalem", coupled with a plea for their support. This was the first promise by a modern government to establish a Jewish state. In 1799, the French armies under Napoleon were camped outside of Acre. Napoleon issued a letter offering Palestine as a homeland to the Jews under French protection. The project was stillborn because Napoleon was defeated and was forced to withdraw from the Near East. The letter is remarkable because it marks the coming of age of enlightenment philosophy, making it respectable at last to integrate Jews as equal citizens in Europe and because it marked the beginning of nineteenth century projects for Jewish autonomy in Palestine under a colonial protectorate. After the defeat of Napoleon, it was largely the British who carried forward these projects, which have in hindsight been given the somewhat misleading name of "British Zionism." Napoleon conquered Jaffa but retreated from Acco (Acre); Napoleon's Proclamation of a Jewish State was stillborn, and his declaration of equal rights for Jews was repealed in part in 1806.

Letter to the Jewish Nation from the French Commander-in-Chief Bonaparte issued at General Headquarters, Jerusalem 1st Floreal, April 20th, 1799, in the year of 7 of the French Republic by BUONAPARTE, COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF OF THE ARMIES OF THE FRENCH REPUBLIC IN AFRICA AND ASIA, TO THE RIGHTFUL HEIRS OF PALESTINE.
 


Israelites, unique nation, whom, in thousands of years, lust of conquest and tyranny have been able to be deprived of their ancestral lands, but not of name and national existence!
Attentive and impartial observers of the destinies of nations, even though not endowed with the gifts of seers like Isaiah and Joel, have long since also felt what these, with beautiful and uplifting faith, have foretold when they saw the approaching destruction of their kingdom and fatherland: And the ransomed of the Lord shall return, and come to Zion with songs and everlasting joy upon their heads; they shall obtain joy and gladness and sorrow and sighing shall flee away. (Isaiah 35,10) Arise then, with gladness, ye exiled!  A war unexampled In the annals of history, waged in self-defense by a nation whose hereditary lands were regarded by its enemies as plunder to be divided, arbitrarily and at their convenience, by a stroke of the pen of Cabinets, avenges its own shame and the shame of the remotest nations, long forgotten under the yoke of slavery, and also, the almost two-thousand-year-old ignominy put upon you; and, while time and circumstances would seem to be least favorable to a restatement of your claims or even to their expression ,and indeed to be compelling their complete abandonment, it offers to you at this very time, and contrary to all expectations, Israel's patrimony! The young army with which Providence has sent me hither, let by justice and accompanied by victory, has made Jerusalem my head-quarters and will, within a few days, transfer them to Damascus, a proximity which is no longer terrifying to David's city. Rightful heirs of Palestine! The great nation which does not trade in men and countries as did those which sold your ancestors unto all people (Joel,4,6) herewith calls on you not indeed to conquer your patrimony ;nay, only to take over that which has been conquered and, with that nation's warranty and support, to remain master of it to maintain it against all comers.
Arise! Show that the former overwhelming might of your oppressors has but repressed the courage of the descendants of those heroes who alliance of brothers would have done honor even to Sparta and Rome (Maccabees 12, 15) but that the two thousand years of treatment as slaves have not succeeded in stifling it. Hasten!, Now is the moment, which may not return for thousands of years, to claim the restoration of civic rights among the population of the universe which had been shamefully withheld from you for thousands of years, your political existence as a nation among the nations, and the unlimited natural right to worship Jehovah in accordance with your faith, publicly and most probably forever (JoeI 4,20).


1803: Myer Tobias married Hannah Woolf at the Great Synagogue today.

1808: Birthdate of Louis-Napoleon, nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte who became Napoleon III, Emperor of France from 1852 to 1871. On July 19, 1870, Napoleon III declared war on Prussia in what is known as the Franco-Prussian War. A number of Jews, including Jules Moch and Leopold See, attained high rank in the French army. See later became Secretary General of the Ministry of the Interior. The war also marked the beginning of Rabbis serving as chaplains in the German army. After the War the region of Alsace and part of Lorraine became annexed to Germany. Many Jewish families preferred to emigrate rather than be under German rule.

1810(16thof Nisan, 5570): Second Day of Pesach; 1st day of the Omer

1811: Ephraim Gompertz married Adelaide Smith at “Camberwell St. Giles.”

1814(30thof Nisan, 5574): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1814(30thof Nisan, 5574): Thirty-four year old “Jewish writer, teacher, translator and publisher” Moses Philippson passed away today at Desau.

1816(22ndof Nisan, 5576): Eighth Day of Pesach; Yizkor

1817: Solomon Joseph Mordecai, the Virginia born son of Esther and Joseph Mordecai married Isabella Jane Kincaid today in Franklin, MO.

1818(14thof Nisan 5578): Ta’anit Bechorot; erev Pesach

1824(22ndof Nisan, 5584): Eighth Day of Pesach; Yizkor

1826(14thof Nisan, 5586): Ta’anit Bechorot, erev Pesach

1828: One day after she had passed away 78 year old Judith Cohen, the wife of Aaron Cohen and the most of Samuel and Rosy Cohen was buried today at the Lauriston Jewish Cemtery.

1832: Congress established a park at Hot Springs, Arkansas when it designated itsfamous natural springs as a natural resource preserve as people from around the country flocked to the 143 degree water as a medical treatment for arthritis and other bone ailments. Jews were connected with Hot Springs from its earliest day.  Jacob Mitchell, a Jewish immigrant from Galicia, arrived in Arkansas in 1830 along with his two brothers.  Mitchell somehow acquired an old Spanish land grant to a portion of the springs, and he and his heirs spent the next forty years unsuccessfully fighting the federal government in court over their rights to the springs. Regardless of the status of the litigation, Mitchell became an active part of the city’s commercial scene when bought a hotel in Hot Springs in 1846 and opened a bath house.

1835: Henry Russell married Isabella Lloyd today.

1837(1th of Nisan, 5597): Jews observe Pesach for the first time with Martin Van Buren as President of the U.S.

1838:Charlotte Beyfus married German banker Abraham Oppenheim.

1841: Despite opposition from Hamburg’s Ashkenazi community led by Chief Rabbi Isaac Bernays, the Senate granted a license to the New Israelite Temple Society to build a house of worship.

1846: Two days after the end of Pesach, in London, Fanny Heilbronner and Isaac Samuel gave birth to Theodore Samson Samuel

1851(18thof Nisan, 5611): 4th day of Pesach

1851: In Breslau, Samuel Lubszyński and Rebeka Lubszyńska gave birth to Zygmunt Lubszyński, who gained fame as Siegmund Lubin “the motion picture who founded Lubin Manufacturing Company, the Philadelphia, PA film company.

1851: After three years of meeting at a building on Pearl Street, Congregation B’nai Israel moved to Number 63 Christie Street, where the congregation began raising “funds for the erection of a more commodious synagogue to the meet the requirements of the rapidly increasing membership.”

1851(18thof Nisan, 5611): Isaac Erter, the native of Galicia who gained fame as a physician and satirist passed away today at Brody.

https://archive.org/details/jstor-1450003

1852: Abraham Harris married Leah Brandon today at the Great Synagogue.

1854(22ndof Nisan, 5614): Eighth and final day of Pesach observed as pro- and anti-slavery forces fought it out in what was called “Bleeding Kansas.”

1856(15th of Nisan, 5616): First Day of Pesach

1860: Fortunee (nee Dayan) Lichenstein, the wife of Louis Lichtenstein was buried today at the “Balls Pond Road Jewish Cemetery.”

1860: “In a small town near Kowno, Russia, David Rabbino and Leah Yeglin gave birth to Bernhard Rabbino, the husband of Anna Ladewig who served as a rabbi at several American congregations beginning with one Keokuk, IA in 1884 before becoming an attorney in Florida and then in New York where he settled in 1899 and became he attorney with the Legal Aid Bureau of the Educational Alliance

1861: Joseph Seligman, “whose firm, J. and J. Seligman & Co., sold federal bonds in the astonishing sum of $200,000,000” attended a pro-Union meeting today held at Union Square in New York City.

1861: In Baltimore, MD, a pro-Southern mob attacked the printing shops that produced Der Wecker and Sinai, two "abolitionist publications.  Rabbi Einhorn, an out-spoken foe of slavery, felt threatened enough to agree to the request of his congregation that he leave the city.  Einhorn would move to Philadelphia where he would resume publishing the Sinai.

1862: In London, Sara Bloom Phillips and Solomon Abraham to Rose Bloom Abraham

1864(14thof Nisan, 5624): Ta’anit Bechorot; Erev Pesach

1864: In Opava, a town in the Moravian-Silesian Region, Samuel D. and Charlotte Kaluber gave birth to Emile Kaluber who married an attorney Alois Eisler and became Emilie Eisler, the mother of Otto, Rudolf and Paul Eisler.

1864: “In Wilno, Russia, Chaim and Chaya (Kabatchnik) Weinstein gave birth to Brooklyn journalist and political activist Gregory Weinstein, a reporter with The Leader, a supporter of Henry George, and an organizer of the “first Jewish Workingman’s Unions who was the husband of Eugenie Lasser, the author of Savonarola: Italian Reformer and Patriot and the publisher of Jew-Baiting by Horace Bridges.

https://openlibrary.org/books/OL6658628M/Jew-baiting

1865: “An estimated 25 million Americans attended memorial services for Abraham Lincoln in Washington and around the country.” In New York several synagogues held well-attended services in memory of the recently assassinated President. At Shearith Israel, after the choir sang a variety of Psalms, Rabbi J.J. Lyons “delivered a short but eloquent address, in which he frequently” referred “to the qualities of the man and the unswerving loyalty and honesty of the statesman, whose loss they were…suddenly called upon to mourn.”  This was followed by a recitation of the Kaddish and “a special prayer for the recovery of Secretary of State Seward who had been wounded on the same night that Lincoln had been killed. The service ended with a prayer for “ the future prosperity of the country” and the chanting of psalms by the choir.  At B'nai Jeshurun, the chanting of Psalms was followed by a Dr. Raphael’s sermon in which he praised the virtues of the slain President.At the Broadway Synagogue, the chanting of opening hymns was followed by a prayer for the government before the opened Ark and a sermon by Rabbi S.W. Isaacs based on Genesis, chap. xv., v. 1: "Fear not, Abraham; I am thy shield. Thy reward shall be exceedingly great.'' Services were also held at several other synagogues including the Norfolk Street Synagogue, the Greene Street Synagogue and Temple Emanu-El. The neat little synagogue of the Congregation Sheary Berochole, in East Ninth-street, was the scene of very impressive ceremonies. At noon, the building was filled to overflowing with a very respectable audience, mostly dressed in deep mourning, to participate in the services commemorative of the death of Mr. Lincoln arranged by the congregation. After reciting Psalms 1, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 10, the Kadish, or prayer for deceased persons, was said, and the Minchah Prayer intoned, at the close of which Rev. H. WASSERMAN delivered the funeral sermon. His text was from Isaiah 44, 7: "For a small moment I have forsaken thee, and all forsook thee." The tenor of his discourse was the necessity of trusting to the goodness of God, however mysterious his providences may seem. He exhorted all to imitate the honesty, charity and good will to all men which had distinguished the life and character of our deceased President. The Hebrew prayer for a deceased father was then said, coupled with an exhortation for the recovery of the Secretary of State and his son was then said, and after the recitation of five psalms, the congregation dispersed.

1865: As the nation mourned the death of President Lincoln, today’s Boston Traveler noted that “solemn and appropriate services were held at both Jewish synagogues” – a reference to Adath Israel, a Reform Congregation led by Rabbi Joseph Schoninger and Mishkan Israel led by Rabbi Alexis Alexander.

1866: In a plebiscite, Charles was elected in a near unanimous vote to serve as King of Romania. His government would not prove to be a protector of its Jewish citizens.

1867(15th of Nisan, 5627): Jews living in Alaska celebrate Pesach for the first time as U.S. citizens since the U.S. had purchased Seward’s Folly 30 days ago.

1868: Birthdate of French author Charles Maurras, whose anti-Semitism first surfaced during the Dreyfus Affair and continued through his support for Vichy and Petain.

1871(29thof Nisan, 5631): Polish author Jacob Tugenhold who was born near Krakow and who founded a “modern Jewish school” in Warsaw, passed away today.

1874:Di Yidishe Gazeten, the first influential Yiddish newspaper in the United States began publication today.

1875(15th of Nisan, 5635): Pesach

1875: Birthdate of Edouard Alexandre de Pomiane, also known as Edouard Pozerski author of the 1929 epic “The Jews of Poland: Recollections and Recipes” who passed away in 1964.

1876: In Hungary, Emil and Sally Gintzler gave birth to Cooper Union graduate and NYU trained attorney Morris Gintzler, “the president of the Pulp and Paper Trading Company and the husband of Rose Gintzler with whom she had had two daughter – Selma and Dorothy.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1963/09/29/94882989.pdf

1877: Louis David Meyers, the son of Henry Myers and Julia Davis was buried today at the “Balls Pond Road Jewish Cemetery”

1879: According to the report made by Superintendent Louis today, the Brooklyn Hebrew Orphan Asylum was home to 10 children, eight of whom were boys and two of whom were girls, ranging in age from three and half years to ten years.

1882(1st of Iyar, 5642): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1882:  J. A. Engelbart presided over tonight’s meeting of a committee formed “raise money to feed and shelter Jewish refugees from Russia and to aid them in finding home in” in the United States.  The meeting was held at B’nai Jeshrun.  Among the attendees were Rabbi Henry S. Jacobs and Dr. Simeon N. Leo.

1882: It was reported today that a dispatch from St. Petersburg “states that the persecution of the Jews continues” unabated.  At least 17,000 Jews have been left homeless after villages in Southern Russia were destroyed.

1882: “Current Foreign Topics” published today described a private meeting that had been held in Berlin to provide assistance for Jews who wished to leave Russia.  The attendees pledged seventy thousand marks to assist in the endeavor.

1883: In Frankfurt, Germany, Leo Isaac and his wife gave birth to Robert Isaac, who came to the United States in 1915, worked with Eugene Meyer before going on to the “investment firm of Halle and Stieglitz and married the “former Lucile Martin” https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1969/07/16/78356174.html?action=click&contentCollection=Archives&module=ArticleEndCTA&region=ArchiveBody&pgtype=article&pageNumber=45

1883(13th of Nisan, 5643): Ninety-one year old Asher American, who had served as the Assistant Reader at congregations on Norfolk, Stanton and Sixth Streets passed away tonight.

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9F05E1D61530E433A25752C2A9629C94629FD7CF

1883: It was reported today that The Cleveland Herald has been interviewing the city’s Jewish clergy on the possibility of Jews returning to Palestine.  Rabbi Hahn considers the idea as being impracticable and feels that “the Jewish people…are a great deal better off here than they could possibly be there.”  Rabbi Lane echoes these sentiments and “is most strongly opposed to …immigration schemes.”   The Herald believes “that these gentlemen speak the prevailing sentiment” of the Jewish people.

1884: According to “The Relations of Animal Diseases to the Public Health and Their Prevention” by Frank S. Billings which was reviewed today’s New York Times, the author “quotes the Hebrew legislator who forbade pork as food for the chosen people of the Lord.  Moses did this with a knowledge of its ‘non- hygienic character.”

1884(25th of Nisan, 5644): Dr. Lyon Berhard, one of the oldest dentists in New York passed away today in Manhattan.  Born in Amsterdam in 1812 and a graduate of the Baltimore College of Dentistry, he came to New York 42 years ago.  He was a founding member of B’Nai Israel and was an active member of the Hebrew Mutual Benefit Society.

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9E05E5DB173FE533A25751C2A9629C94659FD7CF

1884: Rabbi Gustav Gottheil, Rabbi Kaufman Kohler and Joseph Blumenthal were among the attendees at a reception given at the new building of the Hebrew Sheltering Guardian Society.  The building which is located at Avenue A and 87th Street was originally built for the use of the late John Jacob Astor.

1886(15th of Nisan, 5646): First Day of Pesach

1886: Birthdate of Pauline Lonnersteadter Thalhimer, the wife of Gustavus Thalhimer and mother of Morton Gustavus Thalhimer.

1888: It was reported today that in Jacksonville, FL, Rabbi of Levy of Charleston, SC had presided at the marriage of Susie Jacoby of Charleston to Mose J. Ullman of Evansville, Indiana.

1888:  The Jewish Messenger reports that Orach Chaim has contributed support for a New York City Chief Rabbi. "This action is the more significant as it is the first uptown congregation to join the downtown contingent and mostly composed of Germans while the other uptown orthodox congregations are mostly composed of the Polish element."

1888((9th of Iyar): Russian born philanthropist Samuel Poljakoff passed away.

1889: Birthdate of Otto Heinrich Frank, father of Anne Frank, who survived the Holocaust and passed away in 1980.

1889: Birthdate of Adolph Hitler

1889: In Chicago, Israel and Augusta (née Mendeburskey) Balaban gave birth A.J. (Abraham Joseph Blaban) the co-founder the Balaban and Katz Motion Picture Theatre chain.

http://archives.nypl.org/the/18638

1889: Birthdate of Albert Jean Amateau,rabbi, businessman, lawyer and social activist.

Born a Sephardic Jew in Milas, Turkey, Amateau attended the American International College in Izmir (Smyrna), Turkey. He immigrated to the United States in 1910. In the early 1920s, Amateau began a movement to bring more Jews into the workplace and government. He was also involved largely in the affairs of deaf people. After he returned from the Army (he served in World War I), Amateau was ordained in 1920 at the Jewish Theological Seminary, and he became the first rabbi of a congregation of the deaf. In 1941, Amateau developed the Albert J. Amateau Foreign Language Service, a business providing translators for lipsync dubbing for motion pictures. The business continued in operation until 1989. An ardent supporter of his homeland of Turkey, Amateau began various Turkish-oriented organizations while residing in the United States. In 1992, at the age of 103, he helped found the American Society of Jewish Friends of Turkey and was named as its president. Amateau was also an advocate of peace, and in 1937, he assisted with negotiations between Jews and Arabs of Palestine. Amateau died in 1996 at the age of 106 years, 10 months.

http://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/29/nyregion/rabbi-albert-j-amateau-106-sephardic-leader.html

http://www.sephardicstudies.org/aa.html

1890(30th of Nisan, 5650): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1890: “In Trois-Rivières, Berthe (née Genest) and local politician Nérée Le Noblet Duplessis gave birth to Maurice Duplessis who as Premier of the Province of Quebec issued the warrant which empowered the provincial police to raid “the cultural section of the Canadian Labor Circle, a Jewish fraternal organization” during which they removed “eight hundred books of the 950 volume library maintained by Jewish cultural circle.”

1890: Birthdate of Erfut, Germany native David Baumgardt the author and philoshpher who in 1939 found refuge in the United States where he worked for Archibald MacLeish, the Librarian of Congress, wrote such books as Maimonides in 1955 and Great Western Mystics: Their Lasting Significance in 1961.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1963/07/22/89946139.pdf

1890: It was reported today that strikers in Austria are trying to turn the labor unrest “into an anti-Jewish crusade.  Many of the mill and mine owners in the region are Jewish and the Rothschilds own the largest iron and steel works at Witkowitz.  The strikers have turned their fury on the local Jewish merchants and their attacks have left several hundred Jewish families “camping in the fields in utter destitution.

1891: A fire broke out in a tenement house at 194 Henry Street which is home to a large number of Russian Jews.

1892: In Russia, Leon and Bessie Levoitz Epstein gave birth University of Pittsburgh graduate Epstein a pioneer in the field of providing financial support for the “elderly” which led to what we now know as Social Security.

https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/history/historians-miscellaneous-biographies/abraham-epstein

1893(4thof Iyar, 5653): Dr. Wilhelm Lowenthal, “the Jewish scientist who had been invited to Argentina in 1890 to share his technological expertise on agricultural matters” and who “persuaded Baron de Hirsch to fund the Jewish Colonization Association (JCA) to aid Jewish settlers in Argentina” passed away today.

1893: William A. Matson, the Secretary of the Church Society for Promoting Christianity Among the Jews wrote a letter today in which he took issue Reverend Jacob Freshman’s statement he was “the pioneer” in New York City “in mission work for the conversion of the Jews

1894(14thof Nisan, 5654): Fast of the First Born

1894(14th of Nisan, 5654): “Festival of the Passover” published today states that “Pesach, the Jewish festival of the Passover, begins the evening and continues for a week.”  Furthermore, “the households of the Orthodox and many of those who have accepted the modern or reformed” customs will host a Seder.

1895(26thof Nisan, 5655): Joseph Heiman Caro, author of Ṭevaḥ ṿe-hakhen (טבח והכן: כל דני שחיטות ובדיקות) passed away today

1895: The Hebrew Orphan Asylum Band performed at the Odd Fellows’ Home Fair which is being held at the Lenox Lyceum.

1896: “A Precious Privilege Retained” published today described a declaration published by the anti-Semitic German “National” Students at the University of Vienna stating that “they would henceforth refust to accept challenges from the Jewish Students’ Corps, as they would think themselves defiled if they fought them.”  The Rector refused to respond to an appeal from the Jewish students asking that this declaration be overturned. According to some observers, the German students’ declaration is rooted in the fact that the Jews have defeated them whenever a challenge was made and accepted.

1897 (18thof Nisan, 5657): Fourth Day of Pesach

1897: In Samara, Russia, Sophie (née Markison) and Benjamin Ratner gave birth to Grigory Vasilyevich Ratner, who gained fame as actor and director Gregory Ratoff whose portrayal of “Max Fabian” in “All About Eve” is one of my personal favorites.

http://www.classicmoviehub.com/bio/gregory-ratoff/

http://projects.latimes.com/hollywood/star-walk/gregory-ratoff/

1899: Fire broke out tonight at the New York Theatre in the “dressing rooms used by ‘Hebrew Creditors’ characters” appearing in the first act “The Man in the Moon.”

1899: Testimony continues to be given before the Court of Cassation in the Dreyfus revision inquiry.

1899: Four days after she had passed away, Eliza Kane, the daughter of “Moses J. and Sarah Henriques” and the wife of John Clarke Kane was buried today at the “Balls Pond Road Jewish Cemetery.”

1900(20thof Nisan, 5660): Sixth Day of Nisan

1900: Max Nordau introduced Herzl to Alfred Austin who gives him a friendly letter to Lord Salisbury, the British Prime Minister. Herzl sought British support in his attempts to persuade the government at Constantinople to allow the development of a Jewish homeland. . Salisbury did not receive Herzl "on account of the war worries".

1901(1stof Iyar, 5661): Parashat Tazria-Metzora; Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1901: It was reported today that every year, for the last fifteen years, Charlotte Yonge has sent a manuscript to her publisher for a story of a “historical character written especially for boys and girls” including The Patriots of Palestine, a tale of the Maccabees.

1903: “Bishop Praises Jews” published today described a sermon by Bishop Satterlee of the Episcopal Church who said “The Jews are preserving the home and family better than we Christians are doing” and that while “I do not know how to account for this, but I do know it to be fact.”

1904: It was reported that a large number of Jews were part of the cheering throng that greeted Vice Admiral Skrydloff, who is married to “a Jewess” as he stopped in St. Petersburg on his way to the Far East.

1905(15thof Nisan, 5665): As Russia confronted its defeat by the Japanese and the violence of the Russian Revolution, the Jews observe Pesach.

1905: In Dallas, Herbert Marcus, the founder of Neiman Marcus and Minnie Marcus gave birth to Harold Stanley Marcus who followed in his father’s footsteps.

https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fmabz

1905: The Manchester Guardian published “The Aliens Bill: Some Prejudices Examined” by M.J. Landa.

1905: Birthdate of composer Nicholas “Slug” Brodszky, the native of Odessa who came to the United States in 1934 where he worked with lyricist Sammy Cahn and produced songs for numerous movies, the most famous which might have been “The Student Prince” and Love Me or Leave Me.”

1906: In Montreal Shlomo Chaim Caplan and Chaya Bluma Routtenberg gave birth Yonah Ephraim “Jimmy” Caplan, the husband of Lena Herman and graduate of Yeshiva University who led a congregation in Astoria, NY.

1908: Birthdate of Yisrael Yeshayahu Sharabi, a native of Sa’dah, Yemen, who made Aliyah in 1929 and eventually became the fifth Speaker of the Knesset.

1910: Birthdate of New York native and NYU trained attorney Leo Isacson who appeared to upset the political applecart when he was elected to House of Representatives as a member of the American Labor Party in what appeared to be a leg up for Henry Wallace’s bid to win the White House.

1911(22ndof Nisan, 5671): Eighth Day of Pesach

1911(22ndof Nisan, 5671): Sixty-one year old Minsk native and author Henry Iliowizi, the teacher in Alliance Israélite Universelle’s “school at Tetuan, Morocco from 1877 to 1880” who came to the United States where he “was minister of a congregation at Harrisonburg, Virginia; from 1880 to 1888, rabbi of the Congregation Sha'aré Tob in Minneapolis; and from 1888 to 1900, of the Congregation Adath Jeshurun in Philadelphia” passed away today.

1912: Birthdate of David Ginsburg, “a liberal lawyer and longtime Washington insider who helped found the Americans for Democratic Action and led the presidential commission on race relations whose report, in 1968, warned that the United States was ‘moving toward two societies — one black, one white, separate and unequal.’”

1912: In the Bronx, a memorial service is to be held at the Montefiore Congregation for the crew and passengers who died when the Titanic sank.

1912: Guy Zinn, an outfielder with the New York Highlanders (later re-named the NY Yankees) “scored the first run ever at Boston’s Fenway Park” today.

1912: A banquet celebrating the fifth anniversary of the Free Synagogue hosted by Rabbi Stephen Wise was postponed as public mourning for those who lost their lives on the Titanic continues.

1912: Birthdate of Gertrude Erika Perlmann, the Czechoslovakian-born U.S. biochemist.

1913: A general strike by 4,000 kosher bakers began today when 1,000 of them quit work in Manhattan, Brooklyn and Brownsville.  The strike had originally been scheduled to start on April 29. The early strike date really was of little significance since the bakers would have quite working tomorrow any way do the fact that Passover starts tomorrow evening.

1913: Rabbi Joseph Stolz is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “Walking in the Statutes of the Nations at the Isaiah Temple at Vincennes and 45th Street.

1913: This morning at Temple Sinai, on Chicago’s south-side, Dr. Emil G. Hirsch is scheduled to on “The Ethics of Judaism and the Ethics of Christianity” which is “the concluding lecture in the series on the ‘Relations of Liberal Judaism to its Neighbors.’”

1913: This afternoon, Dr. Emil G. Hirsch will deliver the sermon at the People’s Synagogue which meets every Sunday at Chicago’s Ziegfeld Theatre. (Editor’s Note: As you can see from these entries, this was a period in which Reform Judaism was making a concerted effort to replace Saturday morning services with Sunday morning services—a move which they thought would improve attendance and participation.)

1913: Morris Siegel, known to his friends and family as “Morris the Apple Peddler” attended the Brit Milah today for three boys – his three sons all of whom were born eight days ago.  The crowd of well-wishers grew even larger when the entire class of his 13 year old son Harry arrived at the event.

1914: Investment banker and art collector Maurice Wertheim, the son Jacob and Hanna Wertheim, and his first wife Alma Morgenthau gave birth to Anne Rebe Wertheim, the younger sister of historian Barbara Tuchman.

1915: Birthdate of South African-born, American psychologist Joseph Wolpe.

1915: “It was announced” today “in a letter received from Counselor Robert Lansing” of the U.S. State Department “by The Jewish Daily Warheit of New York” that “the State Department in Washington has telegraphed the American Consul at Warsaw” seeking a full report on “the severe sufferings of the Jews in Russian Poland.”

1915(6th of Iyar, 5675): Seventy-two year old Nathan Gratz, a well-known New York lawyer passed away today. He was the son of Jonathan and Rebecca Gratz (Moses) Nathan. “Mr. Nathan graduated from Columbia College in 1861. He engaged in practice in 1864 and was well known in Democratic political circles, clubs, and charitable societies. He was a member of New York law Institute, Columbia Alumni, and the New York Genealogical and Biographical Society.”

1915: Birthdate of journalist Israel Epstein.

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1491973/Israel-Epstein.html

1916(17thof Nisan, 5676): Third Day of Pesach

1916:”A ‘Life for a Life’ campaign in which 500,000 Jewish women in the United States are expected to raise $1,000,000 a month for the needy Jews in Europe was started by the Women’s Proclamation Committee of the Central Jewish Relief Committee at the Astor Hotel today.”

1916: Birthdate of Wiera Vera Gran, the Polish born Jewish singer who first performed under the name Sylvia Green and who became the center of a controversy surrounding her survival of the Holocaust.

http://www.newsweek.com/wiera-gran-strange-saga-warsaw-ghetto-singer-68575

1917: Two days after he had passed away, forty-seven year old David Myer Petrofsky was buried in the “Plashet Jewish Cemetery” in London today.

1917:  As the Russian military position continued to deteriorate and Russian soldiers demanded immediate peace with the Germans, mutinies broke out.  In one instance an artillery officer named Khaust who had demanded that his fellow Russians lay down their armswas saved from an angry assembly of soldiers by a Jewish soldier known simply as Rom who intervened on their behalf.

1917(28thof Nisan, 5677): During WW I, Lt. Max Oster was killed at the Battle of Aisne.

1917(28thof Nisan, 5677): During WW I, Lt Sydney Fine, 2/5 S Lancers, the son of Jacob Fine of Edgbaston, was killed today.

1918(8thof Iyar, 5678): Parashat Achrei Mot – Kedoshim

1918: Rabbi Krass is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “Hebraism and Humanity” at Central Synagogue on Lexington Avenue.

1918: Rabbi Silverman is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “Revival of Jewish Culture” at Temple Emanu-El.

1918: Rabbi M.H. Harris is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “The Loaf that Fed the Multitude” at Temple Israel of Harlem.

1918: “Banquet to Jewish Soldiers” published today described plans for an upcoming banquet being hosted by the Jewish Board of Welfare and the Young Men’s Hebrew Association  under the chairmanship of Benjamin Natal for the benefit the young Jewish men who are about to leave for Fort Dix to begin serving in the U.S. Army.

1919: Dr. J. Leon Magnes spoke a ground breaking ceremonies for the new Bronx Jewish Hospital during which $60,000 was pledged toward the building fund.

1919:  The public was invited to attend the entertainment of the children of the Marks Nathan Jewish Orphan Home during Chol-Homaed Pesach.

1919: The Jewish Literary Society meeting at Zion Temple is scheduled to discuss The Religion of Canaan by Mary Erenberg and The Religion of Babylon and Syria by William Elfenbaum.

1919: “The young women who worked as telephone operators at New England Telephone and Telegraph walked off the job. One of the strike leaders was Rose Finkelstein, a young Jewish worker, who had emigrated with her family as a young child from Kiev, Russia.”  (As reported by Jewish Women’s Archives)

http://jwa.org/thisweek/apr/20/1919

1920: “Chaim Weizmann arrived at the Hotel Royal in San Remo, two days after the San Remo conference had convened.”  Still smarting from the failure of the British to stop the riots aimed at the Jews of Jerusalem that had broken out earlier in the month, the usually reserved Weizmann, congratulates Phillip Kerr, Lloyd George’s private secretary, on the “first pogrom ever conducted under the British flag.”  The unusual outburst took place in the hotel lobby, a public denunciation that caught the British leader off guard and led to cooling off period for the Zionist leader.

1920:  In the aftermath of World War I, Palestine ceased to be a part of the defeated Ottoman Empire (now Turkey).  The League of Nations made Palestine a British Mandate which meant recognition of the terms of the Balfour Declaration.

1921: Birthdate of Marcos Moshinsky the Ukrainian born Mexican physicist who won the Prince of Asturias Prize for Scientific and Technical Investigation in 1988 and the UNESCO Science Prize in 1997. He passed away in 2009 at the age of 87.

1922: Philadelphia Athletics 2nd baseman Heinie Scheer appeared in his first major league baseball game.

1923(4thof Iyar, 5683): Eighty-one year old German born Philadelphia lawyer Mayer Sulzberger, a life-long Republican who served as a judge and was active in numerous Jewish organizations including the Jewish Theological Seminary and Dropsie College.

http://www.library.upenn.edu/cajs/sulzberger.html

 1923: Birthdate of pioneering statistician and psychologist Jacob Cohen. (Editor’s Note – I do not have a clue as to what he did but it was obviously brilliant.)

http://www.nytimes.com/1998/02/07/nyregion/jacob-cohen-74-psychologist-and-pioneer-in-statistical-studies.html

http://media.wiley.com/product_data/excerpt/04/04708608/0470860804-2.pdf

1923: Rabbi Aaron David Burack, the Lithuanian born son of Chaim Natan (Nassen) Burack and Bashe (Bessie) Gitel (Gibberman) Burack and his wife Esther Burack gave birth to Dr. Bernard Burack

1924(16thof Nisan, 5684): Second Day of Pesach

1924: Birthdate of Morris Edward Chafetz, the son of Jewish immigrants who played an important role in changing the public perception of alcoholism from social crime or personal failing to a disease requiring treatment.´ (As reported by William Grimes)

1926: At luncheon at the Hotel Biltmore, Mrs. Alexander Kohut told members of the Women’s Division of the United Jewish Campaign about “the conditions she witnessed on her trip to Eastern Europe and urge the newly appointed committee heads to spare no effort toward raising the $500,000 which the women have pledged as their share of the New York quota.”

1926: Warner Brothers, which was owned by the four Warner brothers and Western Electricannounced the creation of Vitaphone, a process to add sound to film. Vitaphone would be the sound system used in the making of “The Jazz Singer,” the first talking motion picture.

1929(10thof Nisan, 5689): Parsahat Metzora and Shabbat HaGadol observed for the last time before the Great Depression

1932(14thof Nisan, 5692): Fast of the First Born is observed for the last time under the Presidency of Herbert Hoover and in pre-Hitler Germany.

1934: “For the first time in its history of more than two hundred years” Yale University is the site of a conference of Christians and Jews, sponsored by five of the school’s “religious clubs” scheduled to open this afternoon with the theme of “Common Citizenship.”

1935(17thof Nisan, 5695): Third day of Pesach

1935(17thof Nisan, 5695): In Pelham, NY, merchant and philanthropist Philip Pearlman passed away today.

1935: “Little Mother,” a comedy directed Henry Koster, produced by Jose Pasternak and starring Otto Wallburg was released in Austria today.

1936: As tension continue to rise amid reports of plans for further attacks by Arabs, “all the Jews in the Beersheba district have been moved to Jerusalem in trucks under police escort.”

1936: Jews repelled an Arab attack in Petach Tikvah. This attack was part of the Arab Uprising that lasted from 1936 until 1939.  The Arabs aim was to put an end to the dream of a Jewish homeland.  While they failed militarily, they were handed victory by a British decision to virtually put an end to Jewish land purchases and immigration.  This effectively slammed the door shut on the Jews of Europe on the eve of the Shoah.   Petach Tikvah or "Gateway of Hope" was originally founded by religious Jewish pioneers who had been living in Jerusalem.  What would eventually become a city, was a collection of mud huts built by 26 families on malaria infested piece of land seven miles east of what would one day become Tel Aviv.  Petach Tikvah took its name from a verse in Hosea "And I will give her...the valley of Achor for a gateway of Hope (2:17)."  The moshav would be abandoned for a brief period and then re-started with support from Baron Rothschild.  Petach Tikvah became a model and inspiration for the moshav movement.  Unfortunately, Petach Tikvah is no stranger to Arab violence.  During the 1920's, the defense of Petach Tikvah had helped to defeat an earlier Arab attempt to destroy the efforts by Jews to resettle and rehabilitate land that had been designated as “the Jewish Home.’ In the latest Arab Uprising, Petach Tikvah has been the scene of a suicide bombing in 2002 and the scene of a thwarted bombing in 2003. 

1936(28th of Nisan, 5696): Zvi Dannenberg died today of wounds suffered on April 15 when he and Israel Khazahn were attacked by Arabs as they traveled from Nablus to Tulkarm.

1936: Bronislaw Huberman, founder and organizer of the Palestine Symphony Orchestra announced that Arturo Toscanini has decided to include music by Mendelssohn on the first program he will conduct with the symphony. There is an element of political protest in this announcement since Mendelssohn has been banned by the Nazis.

1936(28th of Nisan, 5695): “In an attack in the Shapira quarter, a Jewish suburb of Jaffa, Arabs killed two Jews and wounded several others” including “a Jewish youth riding a bicycle in Jaffa” who “was beaten so severely that he died almost instantly.”

1936: “The Yemenite Jewish quarter outside of Tel Aviv” was destroyed by fire set by Arabs.

1936: Part of a mob of three hundred Haurani Arabs “broke into the home of a Jewish family in Manshieh quarter and killed the father and injured the mother who was transported by the police along with their three children to Hadassah Hospital.

1937: B'nai B'rith was banned in Nazi Germany because of individual members spreading "communist propaganda.

1937: After moving its meeting that had been scheduled to start on April 13 in London, the Zionist General Council is scheduled to meet today in Jerusalem.

1938: Despite bomb throwing which has become a daily occurrence in Jerusalem, an enthusiastic crowd filled Jerusalem’s Edison Hall for Toscanini’s fifth concert Aprof the season with the Palestine Orchestra.

1938: German planes fly over Austria on Hitler’s birthday dropping tiny Swastikas.  This is the “new” Austria after the Anschluss which had taken place in March of 1938.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that for the third night in succession bombs had been thrown in the center of Jerusalem, injuring Edwin Eisler, 18, and Banu Baland, 35. Forty "illegal" Jewish immigrants who had been in Palestine for many years, declared a hunger strike in order to persuade the mandate's authorities to change their status from "illegal" immigrants whom the courts failed to deport, to that of recognized permanent residents, so that they could bring here their families from abroad.

1939:  On Hitler's fiftieth birthday, all Catholic churches in Greater Germany hoisted the swastika in celebration.

1939: The Wirtschafts- und Verwaltungshauptamt (WVHA; Economy and Administration Main Office) was upgraded. It was concerned with SS economic matters, particularly at concentration camps.

1939: At a meeting of the British Cabinet’s Palestine Committee, Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, ever the appeaser, stressed that it of ‘immense importance’ with regard to British strategy ‘to have the Moslem world with us.  If we must offend one side, let us offend the Jews rather than the Arabs.’ This pronouncement was a complete violation of the Balfour Declaration and the terms of the Mandate.  It set the stage for the effective closing of Palestine to Jewish immigration in May of 1939; a policy that bought death for the Jews but failed to win the goodwill of the Arabs.  

1940: In the U.K., Russian Jewish immigrants and longtime residents of the British Isles,“Abraham Samuel and Rosalie Wander” gave birth to MIchelene Samuels who gained famed as Michelen Vicor and Michelene Wandor, the author of Music of the Prophets, the 2007 work that “commemorates the 350th anniversary of the Jews return to England in 1657.”

http://www.filmreference.com/film/73/Michelene-Wandor.html

1941: Philippe de Rothschild was “released from Vichy custody” today following which he went to England and joined the Free French under Charles de Gaulle.

1941: Birthdate of New York native, author and Distinguished Professor of history Blanche Wiesen Cook.

https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/author/cook-blanche

https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Blanche+Wiesen+Cook.-a058726440

1941: German newspapers in Greece come out blaming Jews for ruining Germany after World War I.   During this same period in April, the Greek newspaper New Europe wrote in capital letters “DEATH TO THE JEWS.” The paper reported that the Jews were the cause of economic problems in Germany. Levy stated the Greek paper called for the destruction of the "Jewish race once and for all."

1942: The Battle for Moscow comes to an “end.”  The war in the East will grind on.  But thanks to the gritty, desperate defense of the Soviet capital, the German Army has been stopped and what was to have been a lightning war turns into a war of attrition.  As bad as the Holocaust was, defeat at Moscow would have made it even worse.  The Soviet victory here, along with other Soviet victories later in the war caused General Douglas McArthur (of all people) to declare that the Red Army was the Hope of the World.

1942: “Frank L. Weil was re-elected president of the National Jewish Welfare Board, and Judge Irving Lehman was re-elected honorary president at the Twenty-Fifth annual conference of the J.W.B. which concluded its three-day session today” in New York City. (As reported by JTA)

1942: At Mauthausen, “forty-eight people were shot at two minute intervals as a present to Hitler on his birthday.”

1942: “Thirty French hostages – “Communists, Jews and sympathizers” – were executed today by the German military command near Roden in reprisal for the bombing last week of a military train in which a large number of German soldiers were killed.” (As reported by JTA)

1942: At a birthday banquet for Hitler in East Prussia, Hermann Göring announced that he was responsible for the Reichstagfire of February 27, 1933, that set off Nazi reprisals against purported Communist subversion.

1942: “More than a thousand prominent educational and religious leaders gathered tonight at the University of Chicago’s Mandel Hall at a convocation called by the Jewish Theological Seminary to honor Rabbi Saadia Gaon, the thousandth anniversary of whose death is being celebrated this year. President Robert M. Hutchins of the University of Chicago presided at the meeting.” (As reported by JTA)

1943(15thof Nisan, 5703): Pesach

1943: On the second day of Pesach, the Warsaw uprising continued for a second day.  The ghetto is bombarded with fire frp, mortars and machine guns. Germans kill all the sick in the Czyste hospital. Then they set the hospital on fire. Jewish resistance was stubborn and organized.  The Nazis, who had swept France in a mere six weeks, could not believe that the Jews of all people were providing this kind of a fight.  According to one account, some of the Jews could not believe they were doing it either. 

1944: “A citation of the New York Round Table of the National Conference of Christians and Jews was presented tonight to former Supreme Court Justice Joseph M. Proskauer, president of the American Jewish Committee, as "a valiant fighter in the cause of goodwill" in ceremonies broadcast from station WHN.”

1944: While it is estimated that more one million Jews are serving the forces of the “United Nations” as of today “more than fifty members of Parliament have signed a motion to come before the House of Commons asking that facilities be granted for the formation of a Jewish army under British or United Nations command to fight on any required battlefield and to composed of volunteers not a present liable to compulsory military service.”

1945(7thof Iyar, 5705): During the night 20 children and at least 28 adults were hanged at Bullenhuser Damn, one of the satellite camps of Neuengamme. The Bullenhuser Damm Memorial is dedicated to the memory of these children, who were subjected to medical experiments in the Neuengamme concentration camp before being murdered, to the 4 prisoners who cared for them, and to 24 unidentified Soviet prisoners.(Based on information supplied by the Wiener Library)

1945: Jerusalem’s District Commissioner, James Huey Hamilton Pollock, met with Arab leaders in an attempt to reach a solution as to how Jerusalem should be governed.  Jewish leaders had accepted a British proposal that would have the position of Mayor rotate among each of the three main religious groups in the city.  The Arabs had maintained that the mayor must be Muslim.  The compromise would allow for a partition plan. 

1945: Prime Minister Churchill telegraphs his wife who is in the Soviet Union stating that “Here we are all shocked by the most horrible revelations of German cruelty in the concentration camps.”

1945: Ernst Hess, who was Hitler’s commanding officer during World War I ended his work as a “forced laborer’ for plumber named George Grau.

1946: The Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry completed its report, urging the British to end the land purchase restrictions imposed on the Jews as part of the 1939 White Paper and to grant 100,000 Palestine certificates immediately.  The British rejected the proposal, refused to allow immigration on anything approaching that scale. 

1946: “Five Yemenite Jews were killed when a three-inch shell exploded…in Nathanya” a town halfway between Tel Aviv and Haifa.

1946: Birthdate of “Israeli-born American pianist Mordecai Shehori, the native of Tel Aviv who “made his New York debut after winning the 1974 Jeunesses Musicales Competition.”

http://www.bach-cantatas.com/Bio/Shehori-Mordecai.htm

1946: Twenty-eight year old Brooklyn-born southpaw Herbert “Lefty” Karpel pitched in the second and final game of his two game career with the New York Yankees.

https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/k/karpehe01.shtml

1946: “Devotion” a biopic directed by Curtis Bernhardt was released in the United States today.

1947: Seventy-six year old Christian X of Denmark, who fourteen years earlier almost to the day had attended the ceremonies marking the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Grand Synagogue and who according to a popular myth donned the Yellow Star of David during the Nazi occupation (something he wrote about in his diaries” passed away today.

1948: On the eve of Pesach, "the last food convoy after Operation Nachson, made up of some 300 trucks brought provisions to Jerusalem.

1948: A convoy that included Prime Minister David Ben Gurion set out from Tel Aviv to the besieged city of Jerusalem.  Ben Gurion wanted to spend Pesach in Jerusalem with the beleaguered defenders as a way of raising moral.  The trip was extremely dangerous because the Arabs controlled the high ground on both sides of the highway and had successfully beaten back several other such attempts.  While Ben Gurion, who was traveling in one of the lead vehicles, made it through, the rest of the convoy came under heavy attack and was forced to turn back after suffering heavy casualties.  This was only one of the many battles fought to open the road to Jerusalem.  Long after the war was over, travelers on the modern-four lane highway from the coast to Jerusalem could see the burned-out hulks of the Jewish vehicles that serve as constant reminder of the price the Jewish people paid for Jerusalem.

1948(11thof Nisan, 5708): Twenty Jewish soldiers were killed today when “a second attempt was made to” take Metzudat Koach, a Tegart fort built by Solel Boneh during the British Mandate” that “was a key observation point on the Naftali heights, overlooking the Hula Valley” which had been seized by the Arabs thus threatening the existence of kibbutzim in the Upper Galilee.

1948(11th of Nisan, 5708): Five members of Haganah were killed and twenty-four were wounded during a day long fight “at Deir Ayoub, just short of the gorges of Bab El Wad” with Arabs who were trying to keep a convoy from reaching Jerusalem which was under siege that was a violation of international law.

1948: “Arab throngs turned out at Amman to welcome The Grand Mufti, Haj Amin el Husseini” prior to his meeting with King Abdullah of Trans-Jordan who has intimated that his Arab Legion would soon join armies from Arab nations in an invasion of Palestine.



1948: “In Jerusalem armed Arabs held up a postal trucked, for the driver to drive to the Garden of Gethsemane and stole seventy-six bags of foreign, domestic and army mail.

1948: A group of Jewish veterans who had had served with the British Army during World War II drove a convoy to twenty-four armored trucks to the edge of the Negev where they founded “a new settlement called Brur Hayal.

1949(21stof Nisan, 5709): Seventh Day of Pesach

1949(21stof Nisan, 5709): Ben Spector, an ironworker from Russia and the father of famous popular musician Phil Spector passed away today.

1949: Twenty-five year old outfielder Cal Abrams plays in his first game with the Brooklyn Dodgers.

1949: Publication of The Brave Bulls which would become a 1951 film directed by Robert Rossen.

1950: During a debate in the House of Commons Prime Minister Atlee’s Labor government announced that it would continue to refuse to sell arms to Israel while continuing to sells arms to Egypt, Iraq and Jordan.  According to sources in Tel Aviv, the British have said they would consider sales of weapons to Israel if she reaches a full settlement with the Arab states.  No such pre-condition has been attached to sales to the Arab states.

1952: NBC broadcast the final episode of “The Big Show” a radio variety show written by Goodman Ace of Easy Aces who hired Selma Diamond to work on the scripts with him.

1953(5th of Iyar, 5713): Yom HaAtzma'ut observed

1954: “The Golden Apple,” a Jerome Moros musical that had opened “Off-Broadway” in March opened on Broadway today at the Alvin Theatre.

1955: A production of “Guys and Dolls” “starring Walter Matthau as Nathan Detroit” opened today.

1956: A subpoena duces tecum was served today on Mauricio Hochschild.

1957: U.S. premiere of “The Spirit of St. Louis” directed by Billy Wilder who also co-authored the script with music by Franz Waxman.

1958(30th of Nisan, 5718): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1960: “From A to Z,” “a musical revue with a book by Woody Allen…opened on Broadway” today at the Plymouth Theater.

1961(4thof Iyar, 5721): Yom HaAtzma’ut

1961: Israel is scheduled to hold military parade in Jerusalem, that despite assurance from the Ambassador Arthur Lourie will not include any aircraft or weapons containing ammunition, the Jordanians have alleged will “international peace and security.”

1963: CBS broadcast the final episode of “Have Gun – Will Travel” that included an opening theme composed by Bernard Herrmann and over its six year history included episodes written by Bruce Geller and Irving Wallace as well as appearances by Martin Balsam, Sydney Pollack, Norma Crane, Suzanne Pleshette, Werner Klemperer and Dyan Cannon.

1965: U.S. premiere of “The Pawnbroker” the film version of the novel by Edward Lewis Wallant, directed by Sidney Lumet and filmed by cinematographer Boris Kaufman.

1965: In Montreal, architect Moshe Safdie and his wife gave birth to “Canadian-American-Israeli playwright and screenwriter Oren Safdi who whose works included “Jews & Jesus, a musical that satirizes the naiveté of young Jews, half-Jews, Christians who date Jews and vice versa, while questioning the place of religion in this unfettered age.”

1967: Birthdate of Mike Portnoy, drummer in the progressive metal band Dream Theatre.

1968: After 598 performances, the curtain came down on Woody Allen’s “Don’t Drink the Water”

1970(14th of Nisan, 5730):Ta'anit Bechorot; Erev Pesach

1970(14th of Nisan, 5730): Forty-nine year old Poet and translator Paul Celan passed away.

http://www.poetryfoundation.org/bio/paul-celan

http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/celan

http://www.poets.org/poetsorg/poet/paul-celan

 1970: Bruno Kreisky became the first Socialist and the first Jew to serve as Chancellor of Austria.

1970: Pini Nahmani, an Israeli pilot being held in a Damascus prison, celebrated a Seder made possible by two Haggadot and some Matzah crumbs sent by the Chief Rabbi of Zurich. 

1971: Barbra Streisand recorded "We've Only Just Begun"

1972(6th of Iyar, 5732): Eighty-six year old Isidor Posner, the husband of Ida Weinstein Posner and the father of Marcy, Rhoda and Irving Posner passed away today after which he was buried at Evergreen Cemetery in Lansing, Michigan.

1974: South African Jewish professional association footballer Martin Cohen was part of the White XI that played their black counterparts today “in a racially charged match at Rand Stadium. After initially going down 1-0 to the black side (the goal was called off-side by referee Wally Turner), Cohen scored a crucial goal before Neil Roberts put the game away.”

1975: Larry Blyden, a practicing Jew from Houston born Ivan Lawrence Blieden, co-hosted the  telecast of the Tony Awards.

1976: Paula Hyman spoke about the history of Jewish women in America on New York radio station WEVD.

http://jwa.org/thisweek/apr/20/1976/paula-hyman

1977: "Annie Hall" a comedy directed and written by Woody Allen co-starring Paul Simon and Janet Margolin was released in the United States, a month after premiering at the Los Angeles Film Fesitval.

1978:The Jerusalem Postreported that Yitzhak Navon was elected the fifth president of the State of Israel on his 57th birthday. The minister of defense, Ezer Weizmann, was expected to leave for Cairo in another bid to renew the stalled Israeli-Egyptian peace negotiations. In Washington, efforts were made to set the stage for another, possibly more promising, summit between Prime Minister Menachem Begin and US president, Jimmy Carter.

1979: U.S. premiere of “Dawn of the Dead” co-starring Gaylen Ross who would later produce the acclaimed documentary “Killing Kasztner,”

1981(16thof Nisan, 5741): Second Day of Pesach; First Day of the Omer under President Reagan.

1982(27thof Nisan, 5742): Yom HaShoah

1986:An Irishwoman arrested in connection with an attempt to blow up a crowded Israeli airliner was freed tonight after two days of questioning with no charges brought against her, the police said. Anne-Marie Murphy, 32 years old, was arrested at London's Heathrow Airport carrying explosives on Thursday as she was about to board an El Al flight to Tel Aviv. She carried a bag containing about 10 pounds of explosives stashed in a false bottom. The police said she may have been duped into taking the bomb onto the plane. Detectives are still questioning her fiancé, Nezar Hindawi, a 35-year-old Jordanian who was arrested on Friday.

1986 - World famous pianist Vladimir Horowitz performed in his Russian homeland. A non-observant Jew, this performance was one of his last before he went into his final retirement. "It's better to make your own mistakes than to copy someone else's.""My future is in my past and my past is in my present. I must now make the present my future."

1987:Two Israeli soldiers and three Palestinian guerrillas were killed today in a shootout after the Palestinians cut through a Lebanon border fence and crossed into northern Israel, an Israeli Army spokesman said. The Israeli radio said three Palestinian guerrillas who slipped past Israeli troops in southern Lebanon and crossed the border near the Menara kibbutz ''were wiped out,'' but not before they had killed the two Israeli soldiers who had tracked them to their hiding place in an apple orchard 500 yards inside Israel. Al Fatah, Yasir Arafat's faction of the Palestine Liberation Organization, took credit for the operation.

1988(3r of Iyar, 5748) Yom HaZikaron observed

1988: Bernard A. Friedman began serving as “Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan” today.

1989(15thof Nisan, 5749): Pesach is observed for the first time during the Presidency of George H.W. Bush.

1990(25thof Nisan, 5750): Seventy-one year old Justice Irene Finkelstein, the daughter of Aaron Rushovich and Sonia Chatzkelowitz Rushovich, the wife of David Finkelstein and Maurice Finkelstein with she gave birth to Arlene Dawn Joel passed away today.

1991(6th of Iyar, 5751: Movie director Don Siegel passed away.  Born in Chicago in 1912 and educated in England, Siegel had a long and storied career. In 1945, two shorts he directed, Hitler Lives? and A Star in the Night, won Academy Awards, which launched his career as a feature director. Among his long list of film credits were a series of Clint Eastwood films including Coogan’s Bluff,Two Mules for Sister Sarah and the classic Dirty Harry.

1993:At a solemn outdoor ceremony tonight at the place where several hundred poorly armed Jews battled the Nazis 50 years ago, the leaders of Poland and Israel hailed the valor of the uprising and called for a new beginning in the often difficult relationship between Jews and Poles.

1994: “Paul Touvier, the first French citizen tried for crimes against humanity, was sentenced today to life in prison for ordering the execution of seven Jews during World War II.”

1995(20thof Nisan, 5755): Fifty-two year old, “Jacob Shaham, among the world's leading theoretical astrophysicists in the study of neutron stars and professor of physics at Columbia” passed away today.

http://www.columbia.edu/cu/record/archives/vol20/vol20_iss26/record2026.28.html

1997: The New York Times featured reviews of Rabin: Our Life, His Legacyby Leah Rabin and The Boys:The Untold Story of 732 Young Concentration Camp Survivors by Martin Gilbert.

1999(4thof Iyar, 5759): Yom HaZikaron

1999(4thof Iyar, 5759): Eighty-four year old Baroness Bethsabée de Rothschild passed away in Tel Aviv

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethsab%C3%A9e_de_Rothschild

http://www.nytimes.com/1999/04/22/world/batsheva-de-rothschild-84-a-patron-of-graham.html

2000(15thof Pesach, 5760): Pesach

2000: In Shanghai, 100 Jews attended Pesach services at Ohel Rachel Synagogue.

2000: “A Story Still Painful After Repeated” provides a review the Robert Myers’ “The Lynching of Leo Frank which is another in a list of less than successful attempts to capture the events surrounding the events that took place in pre-WW I Georgia.

2001(27thof Nisan, 5761): Ninety-two year old Avigdor HaKohen Miller passed away toay.

http://www.livingwithhashem.com/remembering-rabbi-avigdor-miller-ztl.html

2002(8thof Iyar, 5762): Border Policeman St.-Sgt. Uriel Bar-Maimon, 21 of Ashkelon was killed in an exchange of fire near the Erez industrial park in the northern Gaza Strip. Israeli forces pursued the Palestinian gunman and killed him. An explosive belt was found on his body. The Fatah Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades claimed responsibility.

2002(8thof Iyar, 5762): Sgt. Maj. Nir Krichman, 22 of Hadera, was killed in an exchange of gunfire, when IDF forces entered the village of Asira a-Shamaliya, north of Nablus, to arrest known Hamas terrorists.

2003: The New York Times included reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including recently released paperback versions of “Sunday Jews, by Hortense Calisher in which she “explores the disparate fortunes of an extended Jewish family living on the Upper West Side after World War II” and “Be My Knife” by David Grossman.

2003(18thof Nisan, 5763): IDF photographer Cpl. Lior Ziv, 19, of Holon, was killed and three other soldiers were wounded during an operation to destroy a Hamas smuggling tunnel in Rafah, in the Gaza Strip.

2003(18th of Nisan, 5763): Biophysicist, Sir Bernard Katz passed away. Sir Bernard Katz was born in Germany in 1911.  He fled to Great Britain when the Nazis came to power.  Katz was noted for his work on nerve biochemistry.  He shared the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine in 1970 with Julius Axelrod and Ulf von Euler. He was knighted in 1970.

2004: The Public Law Department of the Buenos Aires University School of Law and the International Raoul Wallenberg Foundation organized and presented The International Seminar "Diplomacy and the Holocaust.”

2005: While some controversy swirls around reports of Pope Benedict XVI’s membership in the Hitler Youth, reports published today say he has “won strong praised from Jewish leaders…for his role in helping Pope John Paul II mend fences between Catholic and Jews” as can be seen by the statement of Rabbi Israel Singer, the chairman of the World Jewish Congress that he views “him as our most serious partner in the Catholic Church” over a span of time lasting twenty-six years.

2006(22ndof Nisan, 5766): Eighth Day of Pesach including recitation of Yizkor.

2006(22ndof Nisan, 5766): Seventy-seven year old Medal of Honor Jack Weinstein passed away today

http://www.army.mil/medalofhonor/valor24/recipients/weinstein/

http://valor.militarytimes.com/recipient.php?recipientid=6794

2006(22ndof Nisan, 5766): Eighty-two year old Paul Mortiz Cohn, the “Aster Professor of Mathematics at University College London passed away today.

http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Cohn.html

2006: “President George W. Bush signed an official document declaring the month of May Jewish American Heritage Month (JAHM)”

2007(2ndof Iyar, 5767): Ninety-two year old Israeli rabbi Yehuda Meir Abrmowicz, the son Tzvi Yitzchok Abramowicz  who made Aliyah in  1935 where “he served as general secretary of Agudat Yisrael, which he represented in the Knesset from 1972 until 1981, and as Deputy Speaker of the Knesset between 1977 and 1981” passed away today.





2007: Haaretz reported that sixty-six civilians were killed in hostile actions since last Independence Day, mostly during the Second Lebanon War, bringing the number of civilians killed in terror attacks since the state's establishment in 1948 to 1,635, according to National Insurance Institute (NII) Director Dr. Yigal Ben-Shalom.

2007: The Jerusalem Post reported that Prime Minister Ehud Olmert had condemned as "hurtful" and "spurious" comments made by former Sephardi chief rabbi Mordechai Eliyahu that the victims of the Holocaust were made to suffer because of the sins of the Reform Movement. Olmert went on to praise the Reform Movement as an important element in the “House of Israel.”

2007: U.S. premiere of “In The Land of Women” starring Adam Brody with a script by Jon Kasdan who also directed the film.

2008(15thof Nisan, 5768): First Day of Pesach

2008:San Francisco chefs Gayle Pirie and John Cook are and putting a Slow Food spin on the Passover Seder for the second night of Passover. The Seder, held at Foreign Cinema is sponsored by Heeb and is the magazine’s inaugural "Slow Food Seder.”

2008: The New York Times book section featured a review of “Dictation the most recent work of Jewish author Cynthia Ozick.

2008: The Washington Post book section featured a review of a biography of the Jewish poet Louis Zukofsky entitled “The Poem of a Life”by Mark Scroggins and an interview with American poet Edward Hirsch whose grandfather was a stringer for a Yiddish newspaper who wrote poems and copied them into the backs of books.

2008: The Sunday Chicago Tribune reported that two Torah scrolls were taken from Kenosha synagogue. Just days before the beginning of Passover, two Torah scrolls each worth an estimated $40,000 to $60,000, were reported stolen from a Jewish temple in Kenosha, officials said. On Tuesday, Rabbi Tzali Wilschanski of the Congregation Bnei Tzedek Chabad realized his laptop, which he had used during a class the night before, was missing. He checked to see whether the Torahs were safe, and discovered they were missing too. He said he last saw them April 5. Several valuable silver ornaments used to adorn the scrolls were not taken, leading Wilschanski to suspect that the robbery was not a garden-variety theft.
"If this was a hate crime, it would explain why they took something that is so dear to us," he said.
"If this was not a hate crime, it was the work of very sophisticated criminals who know that the Torah scrolls are much more valuable than the silver pieces." There were no signs of forced entryinto the temple at 1602 56th St., but a deadbolt lock was open, Kenosha police Sgt. Hugh Rafferty said. While police do not have any suspects in custody, they are following several leads, he said.


2009:In Washington, D.C.,Adina Hoffman, a Jerusalem-based writer, critic and founder of Ibis Editions, discusses and signs “My Happiness Bears No Relation to Happiness: A Poet's Life in the Palestinian Century, “her new biography of Palestinian poet Taha Muhammad Ali.

2009: Opening session of “Durban II Counter at the Fordham University School of Law. The American Association of Jewish Lawyers and Jurists sponsor this counter-conference organized to address the real issues of "racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and other forms of intolerance." 

2009:Human Rights Watch said in a new report issued today thatHamas security forces killed at least 32 Palestinian political rivals and those suspected of collaborating with Israel during and after the Israeli offensive in the Gaza Strip.

2009:TodayPresident Mahmoud Ahmadinejad of Iran used the platform of a United Nations conference in Geneva on combating racism to disparage Israel as a “cruel and repressive racist regime,” prompting delegates from European nations to desert the hall and earning a rare harsh rebuke from Secretary General Ban Ki-moon.

2009: Lord Hoffmann (Leonard Hoffmann) completed his terms as Second Senior Lord of Appeal in Ordinary in South Africa.

2009: “President Obama formally nominated Fred Hochberg” the son of refugees from Nazi Germany   “to be Chairman and President of the [[Export-Import Bank.”

2009: Steve Reich was awarded the 2009 Pulitzer Prize for Music, on April 20, 2009, for Double Sextet

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Sextet

2010(6thIyar, 5770): Yom Ha’Atzmaut

2010: In “a Federal Criminal Complaint dated today (Case No. 10-8082), Nevin Karey Shapiro who went to prison for running a $930 milling Ponzi scheme "directed others to create and show to the investors documents fraudulently touting the profitability” of Capitol Investments USA which was a key vehicle in the fraud.



2010: The US premier of “I Was There In Color,” is scheduled to take place as part the Yom Ha’Atzmaut celebration at the JCC in Manhattan.

2010:Or Ashual, a 17-year-old student at the Kfar Saba Amana girls’ school, became the 2010 winner of the World Bible Quiz competition today, which took place on Israel’s 62nd Independence Day at the Jerusalem Center for the Performing Arts.”  

2011(16thof Nisan, 5771): Second Day of Pesach

2011:Beit Avi Chai, in collaboration with Merkaz Hamagshimim Hadassah, is scheduled to hold its second annual English speaking amateur theatre festival: "Stage One".

2011:Two suspects were arrested today in connection with setting fire to a synagogue on the Greek island of Corfu a day earlier, Greek Police said. Arsonists set fire to a synagogue on the island early yesterday, damaging prayer books but causing no injuries, in the third such attack in Greece in less than two years, police said.

2011: A Haggadah Fair sponsored by Kol HaOt and the Inbal Hotel will open today in Jerusalem.

2011: One day after Steve Soboroff was hired to be the Vice Chairman of the LA Dodgers, Major League Baseball seized control of the team from Frank McCourt.

2012: “In Darkness” a film about Polish sewer worker and Jews living in the Lvov Ghetto is scheduled to be shown in Iowa City under the sponsorship of Agudas Achim.

2012: “Joanna” and “Life Is Too Long” are scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival

2012: “The Man Behind the Curtain” provides a detailed review of Mr. Broadway: The Inside Story of the Shuberts, the Shows and the Stars by Gerald Schoenfield. 

2013: “No Place on Earth” is scheduled to be shown for the first time in Claremont, CA.

2013: Adam Burstain, the son of Todd and Jennifer Burstain - pillars of the Cedar Rapids Jewish community- and marvelous student of Judaism is scheduled to appear in the final performance of “Urine Town.”

2013: “Cabaret-Berlin: The Wild Scene” is scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival

2013: “Dorfman in Love” is scheduled to be shown at the Northern Virginia Jewish Film Festival.

2013: Israeli gymnast Alexander Shatilov won the gold medal in the European Men's Artistic Gymnastic individual Championships, held in Moscow today.

2013: U.S Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel will finalize a huge arms deal with Israel during his visit starting today, under which Israel will for the first time be permitted to purchase US aerial refueling planes and other ultra-sophisticated military equipment that could prove vital to any Israel strike against Iran’s nuclear facilities

2014: “Igor and the Crane’s Journey” is scheduled to be shown at the JCC Rockland International Jewish Film Festival

2014:Helen Suzman: Fighter for Human Rights” an exhibition that has been on display at the Illinois Holocaust Museum and Education Center is scheduled to come to a close.

2014: The New York Times features reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including No Book But The World by Leah Hager Cohen, Updike by Adam Begley and

Plato at the Googleplex: Why Philosophy Won’t Go Away by Rebecca Newberger Goldstein

2015: Mark Strauss, the “well-known oil painter” and Holocaust survivor who wrote Crumbs under the pen-name of Marek Mann is scheduled to speak at the US Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, D.C.

2015: “Secrets of War” and “Magic Men” are scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2015: The American Sephardi Federation is scheduled to present a lecture by Rabbi Marvin Toyaker and Ellen Rodman, authors of Pepper, Silk & Ivory: Amazing Stories about Jews and the Far East.

2015: In Washington, DC, Dr. Samuel Gruber is scheduled to deliver a lecture that “will explore the evolution of the movement to preserve historic synagogues entitled “Preserving America’s Synagogues” Past and Future.”

2015(1stof Iyar, 5775): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

2015: Four days after he had passed away, funeral services were held today at the Sixth and I Historic Synagogue for Richard Suzman of Chevy Chase, MD, the “husband of Janice Krupnick” and father of Daniel and Jessica Suzman.

2015(1stof Iyar, 5775): Eighty-five year old record executive Bernard Stollman whose parents met in the balcony of a Yiddish theatre, passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/23/arts/music/bernard-stollman-record-label-founder-dies-at-85.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

2015(1stof Iyar, 5775): Ninety year old Frederick Morton, the baker turned author passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/22/books/frederic-morton-author-and-essayist-dies-at-90.html?login=email&_r=0

2015(1stof Iyar, 5775): Eighty-one year old Paris born Rosh Yeshiva and expert on Halakah rabbi Aharon Lichtenstein passed away at Alon Shvut, Israel.

http://www.timesofisrael.com/renowned-rabbi-aharon-lichtenstein-dies-at-81/

2016: “A New Leaf” and “Michael Nichols: American Masters” are scheduled to be shown on the final night of the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.2016: Two days after he had passed away, funeral services are scheduled be held for 92 year old Rabbi Ben-Zion Gold, the native of Radom, Poland “who came to America in 1947 and settled in Cambridge, MA, where he became Director of the Hillel at Harvard” and whose mourners will include his daughters Merav and Hannah.

2016: The ShapeShifter Lab is scheduled to present the Alon Yavnai Big Band.

2016:The Samaritans are scheduled to celebrate their Passover today.

http://www.israeldailypicture.com/2016/04/the-other-passover-commemoration.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+IsraelsHistory-APictureADaybeta+%28Israel%27s+History+-+a+Picture+a+Day+%28Beta%29%29

2017: In Arizona, the Valley Beit Midrash and the Jewish Book Council are scheduled to co-host “Why Be Jewish? – Continuing the Legacy of Edgar Bronfman”

https://www.valleybeitmidrash.org/events/why-be-jewish/

2017: The Jerusalem Opera Spring concert scheduled for this evening will “pay home to Enrico Caruso.

2018:  The “12 day Journey of Remembrance and Celebration” sponsored by the Steicker Center is scheduled to come to an end today.

2018: In the Netherlands, a 23 year old man, identified in the media as “Jordi A” “drew a shape reminiscent of a cross on the main Holocaust memorial monument of The Hague.”

2018: “Hungarian Kosher Foods, a Chicago-area landmark for 45 years”  “America’s first all –kosher supermarket” which was founded by “Holocaust survivor Sandor Kirsche” is scheduled to become the property today of “Orian Azulay, the owner of the kosher supermarket Sara’s Tent in Aventura, Florida.”

2018: In Metairie, LA, the Jewish Community Day School is its Yom Ha’atzmaut Celebration which including a torch lighting ceremony “representing the 12 Tribes of the people of Israel.”

2018: “Spring Scenes,” the final production of the Cleveland Institute of Music Opera Theatre under the leadership under the direction artistic director David Bamberger is scheduled to open this evening.

2019: “The Greater Reconstruction: American Democracy after the Civil War,” a two day conference which was inaugurated by “President Susan Herbst of the University of Connecticut” and heard a keynote address by Professor Eric Foner is scheduled to come to an end today.

2019(15thof Nissan, 5779): First Day of Pesach



15th of Nisan, 5650 (1890): An untold number of poor New Yorkers enjoyed eating meat at their Seder tonight thanks to the generosity of Mrs. Paulina Rosendorff who had provided the funding that enabled butchers to distribute their product free of charge.

15thof Nisan, 5675(1915):The 300 Jewish soldiers and sailors who attended last night’s Seder sponsored by the Army and Navy Y.M.H.A. which also provided a night’s lodging at the Hotel Roland are scheduled to worship at Temple Beth Israel at Lexington and 72ndStreet today while the Secretary of War, the Governor of New York and the Mayor of New York City have been invited to attend tonight’s Seder sponsored by the Army and Navy Young Men’s Hebrew Association for the benefit of 300 of the 8,000 Jews serving in the military which is being held at Vienna Hall on Lexington and 58th Street.

15thof Nisan, 5677 (1917): One day after U.S. declared War on Germany, Jews gather in the synagogue to observe Pesach and Shabbat

15th of Nisan, 5705(1945):At least 58 Jews were murdered in a forest near the Austrian village of Deutsch Shuetzen, in what would come to be called the Deutsch Shuetzen Massacre while in the evening, members of the Jewish Infantry Brigade of the British 8thArmy serving in Italy took part in a Seder at Faenza.

15th of Nisan, 5725(1965):  While Jews in the Soviet struggled to deal with a shortage of Matzah created by the government refusal to let state bakeries prepare adequate supplies of unleavened bread Rabbis in America were encouraged to deliver sermons that related the themes of Pesach with fight for Civil Rights complete with references to the recent voting rights march in Selma.

15th of Nisan, 5728(1968):For the first time, Pesach is observed in a unified Jerusalem

2020: Using Facebook, The YIVO Institute is scheduled to host “Beethoven in the Yiddish Imagination.

2020: Live on Zoom, the Leo Baeck Institute is scheduled to host “Overcoming the Present – A Virtual Salon with Max Czollek.

2020: Live on Zoom, the American Sephardi Federation is scheduled to host “Laughter is the Best Medicine: Virtual Comedy Show with K-von.”

2020: A reading on Zoom of the names for Holocaust Remembrance Day, followed by a commemorative program which is scheduled to be presented by S.F.-based JFCS Holocaust Center in partnership with many organizations.

2020: Three Berkeley, CA synagogues are scheduled to host a “Virtua Yom Hashaoh Commemoration” featuring Holocaust “survivor Ernst Valfer talking about the trauma of children separated from their parents.”

2020: The Streicker Center is scheduled to present “The Soap Myth: Play and Webinair” with Dr. Michael Berenbaum, Ira Forman, Jeff Cohen, Ed Asner and Tovah Feldshuh.

2020: This evening as Yom HaShoah begins the Board of Deputies of British Jews is scheduled to host “a virtual National Holocaust Commemoration marking the 75thanniversary of the end of the Shoah and the liberation of Bergen Belsen” by the British Army.




This Day, April 21, In Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb Levin Z"L

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April 21



753 BCE: According to tradition, on this date Romulus and Remus founded Rome.  Considering the impact that Rome would have on the Jewish people this date is worth noting. 

586: Ricard I became King the Visigoth King of Hispania.  “A year later converted from Arianism to Catholicism, which changed the nature of life in Iberia in the same way that Constantine's conversion had changed things in the Roman Empire. Recared approved the Third Council of Toledo's move in 589 to forcibly baptize the children of mixed marriages between Jews and Christians. Toledo III also forbade Jews from holding public office, from having intercourse with Christian women, and from performing circumcisions on slaves or Christians. Still, Recared was not entirely successful in his campaigns: not all Visigoth Arians had converted to Catholicism; the unconverted were true allies of the Jews, oppressed like themselves, and Jews received some protection from Arian bishops and the independent Visigothic nobility.”

629: Emperor Heraclius marched into Jerusalem at the head of his army. Heraclius was head of the Eastern Roman Empire.  During the fifth and sixth centuries the Christian rulers tried to make life for Jews in Palestine as difficult as possible.  Heraclius was defeated by the Persians and the Jews sided with the Persians who were viewed as liberators.  The joy was short lived as the Christians re-took the land from the Persians and punished the Jews severely.  Ultimately all of this matter very little since the Arabs would soon appear in Palestine and Islam would become the dominate force.

1073: Pope Alexander II passed away. In 1063, Pope Alexander II had given his blessing to Iberian Christians in their wars against the Muslims, granting both a papal standard and an indulgence to those who were killed in battle. This was another act in the battle between Moslems and Christians for control of Spain.  The Jews were caught in the middle and their fortunes fluctuated over the centuries.  In hindsight, this was really just one more step in the long path that led to the expulsion in 1492.

1481(13thof Iyar, 5241): Jews of Seville burned at the stake

1499: The New Christians, including those who had been forcibly baptized, are forbidden to leave Portugal.

1500: Today “seaweed was spotted by sailors serving in the fleet under the command of Portuguese explorer Pedro Álvares Cabral who was accompanied by Gaspar da Gama, a Polish born Jew whose slave name had been Yusuf ‘Adil before being forcibly converted to Christianity, which led them to believe they were near land.

1506: Three days of anti-Semitic rioting ends in Lisbon, Portugal where two thousand Jews were killed by the mobs.

1509: Henry VII, King of England passed away.  Henry negotiated the marriage between his son, the Catherine of Aragon, daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain (the monarchs who had expelled the Jews from Spain).  One of the terms of the marriage was that the Jews would never be allowed to return to England.  If Henry had not agreed to this term, the marriage would not have taken place. 

1574: Fifty-four year old Cosimo de’ Medici whose record regarding the Jews was a mixed bag passed away today. On the one hand in “1551 he had issued an invitation to merchants from the Levant, including Jews, to settle in Tuscany and do business there and in 1557 he gave asylum to Jewish refugees from the Papal States while refusing to implement the anti-Jewish restrictions issued by Pope Paul IV “or to hand over the Jews to the Inquisition.  On the other hand, “he yielded to Papal pressure” ordering the burning of the Talmud and “rigorously applying the requirement the Jews wear the distinctive ‘Jews Badge.’” (Jewish Virtual Library)

1585(22nd of Nisan, 5345): Sixteenth century Salonica born Rabbi Moses ben Joseph di Trani (Mabit) passed away in Safed.

http://www.zissil.com/topics/Rabbi-Moshe-ben-Yosef-di-Trani

http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/book/lookupname?key=Moses%20ben%20Joseph%2C%20di%20Trani%2C%201505-1585

1619:Shlomo Ephraim ben Aaron Luntschitz, who was born at Lenczyk in 1550 and who studied with Solomon Luria in Lublin before being appointed rabbi of Prague in 1604 passed away today

1649: The Toleration Act was passed by the Maryland Assembly. It protected Roman Catholics within the American colony against Protestant harassment, which had been rising as Oliver Cromwell's power in England increased.  Maryland had been founded under the Catholic Calvert family.  They were trying to create a refuge for English Catholics.  The Jews benefited from what was a clash between different branches of Christianity.

1729: Birthdate of Catherine the Great, Tsarina of Russia from 1762 to 1796.   Under Catherine, Russia took part in the three-way partition of Poland which gave Russia its large Jewish population.  At first, her treatment of her new Jewish subjects was fairly tolerant.  She saw them as an economic asset.  But in her later years she succumbed to the demands of Christian merchants and began to tighten the noose around the neck of the Jews.  In the end, she laid the groundwork for the creation of what came to be known as The Pale of Settlement.

1769(14th of Nisan, 5529: Ta’anit Bechorot; erev Pesach

1769: The group of Spanish soldiers and priests continues their northward trek towards California bring the Inquisition to the Pacific Coasts.

1775(21st of Nisan, 5535): Seventh Day of Pesach

1775: Rebel forces, now serving under General Artemas Ward, began to extend their lines around Boston in what would become the eleven month siege of Boston.

1778: In Savannah, GA, Sarah De La Motta and Levi Sheftall who were married in 1768 at St. Croix, the bride’s home island, gave birth to Rachel Sheftall.

1787: In Georgetown, SC, Bella Moses and Samuel Cohen who had been wed in 1786 in the bride’s home town of Charleston gave birth to Divinah Cohen, the wife of Isaac Minis with whom she had sixteen children.

1797: Birthdate of Joseph Defflis who passed away at the age of 13 months after which he was buried at the Bray Street Jewish Cemetery.

1799(16th of Nissan, 5559): Second Day of Pesach

1799: Having defeated an Ottoman Army five days ago, French forces continued their siege of Acre while waiting for field guns that could breach the walls.

1800: In Amsterdam, Eva Gompertz and Abraham Benjamin Cohen gave birth to Charles Cohen.

1805(22nd of Nisan, 5565): Eighth Day of Pesach; Yizkor

1805: Birthdate of Sir Culling Eardley Eardley, 3rd baronet, a Christian evangelical who was, on his mother’s side of the family, the great-grandson of Jewish financier Sampson Gideon and a financial support of the Jaffa-Jerusalem railway.

1808: The name of Raphael Bischoffsheim was included on a list dated today that “included…the twenty-five foremost Jews” in the city of Mayence. The authorities were to chose the representatives for Napoleon’s Sanhedrin from the names on that list.  Born in 1773, at Bischofsheim-on-the-Tauber, he went to Mayence during the French Revolution, and from a small merchant became a purveyor to the army. Bischoffsheim was president of the Jewish community of Mayence prior to his death in 1814.

1813(21st of Nisan, 5573): Seventh Day of Pesach

1813(21st of Nisan, 5573): Pinkus Landau, the Polish born son of Wolf and Estera Landau, the husband of Rozla Landau and the father of Icek Lanau passed away today.

1814: Birthdate of Brigitte Simon, the husband of Hartvig Abraham Von Essen the mother of Ferdinand and Ida Frederikke Von Essen.

1818(15th of Nisan, 5578): Pesach

1822(30th of Nisan, 5582): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1822: Abraham ben Simon married Beila bat Simhah HaLevi at the Western Synagogue.

1822: Two days after he had passed away Abrahm Hart, the father of Hyman Hart, was buried today at the “Lauriston Road Jewish Cemetery.”

1823: At “Old Change, Cheapside,” Rose and Barnet Salomons gave birth to Julia Salomons who passed away two months after her third birthday.

1826(14th of Nisan, 5585): Ta’anit Bechorot; erev Pesach

1827: Esther Gabriel Nunes Da Costa and Jacob Samuel Suhami gave birth to Rachel Jacob Suhami.

1833: In London James Graham Lewis and his wife gave birth to George Lewis who would become a successful lawyer known to posterity as Sir George Henry Lewis, 1st Baronet, whose first wife Victorine Kahn, the daughter of Philip Kahn of Frankfort, passed away his 32nd birthday after which he married Elizabeth Eberstadt, the daughter of Ferdinand Eberstadt of Manheim Germany

1836: Three days after he had passed away, 7 year old John Cohen, the son of Isaac and Sara Cohen was buried today at the “Brady Street Jewish Cemetery.”

1836: Texans under the command of General Sam Houston defeated the Mexican Army at the Battle of San Jacinto which resulted in Mexican recognition of the Republic of Texas. Among the Jews who served with Houston was Dr. Albert Moses Levy, the Surgeon in Chief for this fledgling force.  Adolphus Sterne was a friend of Houston from their days in Tennessee and he helped raise funds for the Texans.

1840: Birthdate of Asher (Arthurd) Simhah Weissmann, the native of Galicia who served as director of two different Jewish schools before settling in Vienna where he pursued a literary career that included workds on “cremation according to the Bible and Talmud” and “the canonization of the of the Books of the TaNach.”

1843:Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex, the sixth son of George III (the one who lost the 13 colonies) who “became a Patron of the Jews' Hospital and Orphan Asylum, later to become the charity known as Norwood” and who supported legislation to remove “the civil liabilities of Jews” passed away today.

1846: Formation of the United Order of True Sisters

1849: In Paris, of Nathé Weil and Adèle Weil gave birth to Jeanne Clemence Weil who became Jeanne Clemence Proust when she married Dr. Adrien Proust with whom she had two children, Marcel Proust and Robert Proust

1853: In London, Ann Davis and Solomon Hyman Cohen gave birth to Louisa Cohen

1856(16th of Nisan, 5616): On the same day Jews observed the Second Day of Pesach, in Melbourne, “building workers agitated for the eight-hour day.”

1858:As of this date, records show that the Association for the Free Distribution of Matzos to the Poor had spent a grand total of $691.87 to ensure that indigent Jews would have unleavened bread to celebrate the recently completed Passover holiday.

1860: In “From Southern Africa” published today it was reported that “The Jews of the Cape had subscribed £183 for the benefit of their suffering brethren in Morocco. Where is the place in the wide world to which the Jew does not penetrate?”

1860: A letter to the editor published today from a former prizefighter recounts the history of pugilism in England and the United. It included the following positive description of Jewish skill in the ring. ‘”In spite of their muscle, their undoubted courage, and admitted pugnacity, no Irishman has ever long held a distinguished place in the Ring. The Jews, on the other hand, not famous for any of these qualities, have always, from the days of Menodoza and Aby Belasco, had a good position, and like their great countryman, Judas Maccabeus, have "made battles and been renowned in the uttermost part of the earth." [Mendoza is the 18thcentury British fighter Daniel Mendoza.  Belasco was a well-known fighter in “the post Mendoza era.”]

1861: It was reported today that in his study of the synchronisms of ancient Assyrian and Egyptian History, Sir Henry Rawlinson has discovered “the first clear account of a conflict between the Egyptians and the Assyrians occurs in the reign of Sargon, (B.C. 721- 702,) who was, as we know from the Bible, the King who carried away the Jews captives from Samaria.”

1864(15th of Nisan, 5624); First day of Pesach

1864: Isaac J. Levy, a Confederate Soldier serving with the 46th Virginia Infantry participated in a Seder at Adams Run South Carolina.  Levy would later admit that he was confused as to the date of the start of the holiday.  (As an example of the confusion that can take place in reporting events, Abraham Bloch described Levy as being a Union soldier)

1864: Birthdate of Max Weber.  Born in Germany, Weber was one of the fathers of modern sociology.  He was also a noted economist and historian. "Weber was among those who believed that modern capitalism was the product of religious notions, variously termed the Protestant work ethic and the Calvinist salvation panic...He also believed that Jewish businessmen, like Calvinist ones, tended to operate most successfully when they had left their traditional religious environment."   Obviously, some of his ideas are open to debate based on historical evidence.  But he was an intellectual giant regardless of whether or not you agree with his theories.  He passed away in 1920.

1865(21stof Nisan, 5625): Seventh Day of Pesach

1865(21stof Nisan, 5626: The former Victorine Kahn, the daughter of Philip Kahn, the wife of  Sir George Henry Lewis and mother of Alice Victorine Kahn, the wife of Abraham Lionel Hart, passed away today on her husband’s thirty-second birthday.

1865: In Albany, NY, the Argus published an account of Rabbi Max Schlesinger’s talk at Temple Anshe Emeth expressing his feelings about the assassination of President Lincoln and the decision of Congregation to hold services three times on the day of Lincoln’s funeral, “first at 6 a.m. for morning prayers, at 10 a.m. for a sermon by Rabbi Gotthold and at 6 p.m. for evening prayers.”

1865(21stof Nisan, 5625): Twenty-five year old Victorine Kann, the first wife of Sir George Lewis died today shortly after having given birth to their daughter Alice Victorine Lewis.

1866: Birthdate of San Francisco native and University of California graduate Julius Wangenheim, “a bridge engineer for the Southern Pacific Railroad and San Diego wholesale grocer who was instrumental in developing Balboa Park and other civic endeavors in San Diego.

https://www.sandiego.gov/public-library/locations/wangenheim/juliuswangenheim

https://pancalarchive.org/wangenheimjulius/

1866: Birthdate of Prussian Army officer and American and German journalist Eduard Golbeck, the husband of Lina Abarbanell, the German soprano who was a descendent of Sephardic Jews from Bulgaria and the father-in-law of composer Marc Blitzstein.

1868: Birthdate of Vilna native Rabbi Louis Lazerow, the “founder of Congregation Beth Hamedrosh Hagodol on Rutgers Street in New York” and author of “32 religious works” including “The Voice of Judea” and “The Jewish Speaker” who was the husband of “the former Sarah Kaplan” and the father of three daughters and two sons – Samuel and Elihu, “a high school teacher in Brooklyn”

1870(20thof Nisan, 5630): Sixth day of Pesach

1870: Birthdate of University of North Carolina trained lawyer Angus W. McClean who in 1926 while serving as Governor “issued a proclamation urging all the leaders of public thought, non-Jews as well as Jews, throughout the State to volunteer their services to help raise North Carolina’s quota of $200,000 which is the state’s part in the national United Jewish Campaign.

1871(30th of Nisan, 5631): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1871: In New York, Bernard Werner and his wife gave birth to lithographer Simon Werner, the Paris trained artist whose “drawings and illustrations” appeared in many popular magazines including Harper’s and Ladies’ Home Journal and whose paintings were “exhibited at the National Academy of Design.”

1875(16thof Nisan, 5635): Second Day of Pesach

1878: In Podrovnah, Russia, Rabbi Baruch Schneur and Zelda Rachel Schneerson gave birth to Levi Yitzchak Schneerson, the father of the seventh and last Chabad-Lubavitch Rebbe, Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson.

https://www.chabad.org/therebbe/article_cdo/aid/117515/jewish/Biography-of-Rabbi-Levi-Yitzchak.htm

1880: In New York, Matilde (de Perkiewicz) and Max Liebling gave birth to soprano Estelle Liebling, one of the most influential teachers of singing in America

1880: For the fiscal year that ended today, the Brooklyn Hebrew Orphan Asylum had receipts totaling a little more than $35,000 and had made expenditures of $12, 327.34.

1880: In Prague, Barbara / Babette Bondy and Jakob Bondy gave birth to Bertha Fried

1880: Benjamin Disraeli completed his second and final term as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

1881(22nd of Nisan, 5641): 8th day of Pesach

1881(22ndof Nisan, 5641): “Jurist, publicist and scholar, Wolfgang Wessely who had been born in Moravia in 1801 passed away today in Vienna.

http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Wessely_Wolfgang

1882: Based on information first published in The Allegemeine Zeitung, it was reported today that troops in the Russian city of Balte joined in the plundering of the Jewish population instead of protecting it. Forty Jews were injured in the riots, an unknown number of which later died.  A thousand homes were destroyed and damage is estimated to be in excess of 4,500,000 rubles.

1883: Birthdate of Russian native Arnold K. Isreeli, the editor of newspapers in St. Petersburg and Constantinople who in 1911 came to the United States where he continued working as a newspaper editor before becoming the advertising manager for General Motors and an active Zionist while raising a family with his wife, “the former Sara Weitz Rubinstein.”

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1962/06/20/82046859.pdf

1883(14th of Nisan, 5643): Shabbat HaGadol; Erev Pesach

1884: Three men were arrested tonight in Nashville, TN on charges that they took part in the assault that left a Jewish citizen named Meyer Friedman beaten to death.

1884: The Board of Estimate and Apportionment met today and awarded funds to a variety of charitable institutions including the United Hebrew Charities of the City of New York ($8,500),   Mount Sinai Hospital and Dispensary (4,250) and the Home for Aged and Infirm Hebrews (1,820).

1884: The New York Times reported on the plans being developed by the Jewish community to celebrate the 100th birthday of Sir Moses Montefiore which will take place in October.  Leaders of the community are calling for the establishment of Home for Chronic Invalids named in the philanthropist’s honor.  In addition to raising funds to construct the building, the community will have to raise $20,000 a year to operate the home.

1885: In Romania. “Joseph and Yetta (Berman) Zingher gave birth to Cornell trained physician and bacteriologist Abraham Zingher, the WW I Medical Corps Veteran who died prematurely under unusual circumstances

http://aviohry.com/?p=336

https://www.google.com/search?ei=8627XP73M4Oc_QbcnriQBA&q=abraham+Zingher%2C+obituary&oq=abraham+Zingher%2C+obituary&gs_l=psy-ab.3...8203.17966..19145...9.0..0.720.4035.0j15j0j1j1j1j1......0....1..gws-wiz.......33i299j33i160j33i22i10i29i30j33i10j33i10i160.NAK81D4WU3o

1886: It was reported today that oil tycoon John D. Rockefeller has gone to New York to meet with those holding the mortgage on the University of Chicago.  Rockefeller has taken an interest in creating a course that will lead to solvency for the school provided that Professor H.L. Harper would be named President of the school. Harper’s area of academic expertise is the Hebrew language of which he is a professor.  At this point in America, the only people interested in Hebrew were a handful of Jews and academics teaching Biblical topics at Protestant dominated colleges.

1886(16th of Nisan, 5646): Second Day of Pesach; 1st day of the Omer

1889: A report published today described the transformation of a German Jewish intellectual named Emin Bey into Emin Pasha a Moslem leader ruling over a large swath of central Africa.  Much of the information was supplied by Henry Stanley, the same man who “found” Dr. Livingston.

1890(1st of Iyar, 5650): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1890: Lucie Hadamard, married Alfred Dreyfus.

1890: Alfred Dreyfus is accepted at the Ecole Superiore de Guerre (Superior War College), the prestigious French military school designed to train the elite members of the French officer corps.  Dreyfus will graduate 9th in his class but his final evaluation will be marred by the entries of an anti-Semitic French general.

1890: Birthdate of Silesian native and decorated member of Austria’s World War I Army, Benno Landsberger, a leading Assyriologist who like so many of his generation had his career “interrupted by the rise of the Nazis

https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvcm4fww

https://www.academia.edu/37566778/The_Unknown_Benno_Landsberger_A_Biographical_Sketch_of_an_Assyriological_Altmeisters_Development_Exile_and_Personal_Life_in_collaboration_with_Jitka_Sýkorová_LAOS_10_Wiesbaden_Harrassowitz_2018_xvi_132_pp._25_figs._

https://oi.uchicago.edu/research/publications/as/16-studies-honor-benno-landsberger-his-seventy-fifth-birthday-april-21-1963

1891: Rosa Gombesky a young Russian Jewish immigrant who jumped from a fires-escape to the street when the tenement at 194 Henry Street caught fire is being treated at Gouverneur Hospital for the serious injuries she has suffered.

1892: “A Moorish Jew, Joseph MIzrachee” was sentenced to 10 years for shooting Henry Pereira Mendes, the rabbi of Congregation Shearith Israel.

1892: “Typhus Among the Russian Jews” published today described efforts by the Germans from preventing infected Russians from crossing the border.

1893: The Austrian Premier has informed the American government that it will not grant diplomatic recognition to Max Judd, the St. Louis Jew, whom President Grover Cleveland appointed as Counsel General for the United States at Vienna.

1893: “Jewish Ministers Aroused” published today described the action being taken by Christian organizations to convert Jews and the response of the Jewish community including that of Temple Beth Israel’s Rabbi Lustiwig who said “The trouble is that we have provided sufficient instruction for our people in the Jewish faith. The introduction of Friday night and Sunday night lectures to take the pace of Saturday services has done no good to Judaism.  While it may be well enough to have lectures at other times than Saturdays, we should above all other things observe Saturday and all of our synagogues should be supplied with minsters who will impress upon the people the importance of Bible subjects.” (Editor’s note – This was from a reform rabbi at a Reform Temple) 

1894(15thof Nisan, 5654): Pesach

1894: Today as Jews munch on their matzah the bituminous coal strike that had come during the four year-long Panic of 1893 came to an end and Norway formally adopted the Krag–Jørgensen bolt-action rifle as the main arm of its armed forces, a weapon that would remain in service for almost 50 years

1895: Professor Felix Adler delivered a lecture on “The Ten Commandments: at Carnegie Hall” this morning

1895: “The Trustees of the Hebrew Orphan Asylum, which is controlled by the Hebrew Benevolent Society, held their annual meeting” this morning.

1895: “Care of Hebrew Orphans” published today described the origins and growth of Brooklyn Hebrew Orphan Asylum which opened its doors fifteen years ago.

1896(7th of Iyar, 5656): Baron Maurice de Hirsch passed away at his estate in Pressburg, Hungary.  While the name of Baron Hirsch may be unfamiliar to many living in the 21st century, he was one of the great philanthropists his time.  The Baron (and he really was a Baron) was part of an established, extremely wealthy family.  The Baron funded a variety of charities many of which were designed to provide relief for the sufferings Jews of Russia and Eastern Europe.  He donated great sums to establish agricultural communities in North and South America including Argentina, Canada and rural areas of the United States. 

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/Baronhirsch.html

1896: Oscar S. Straus, who had served as U.S. Minister to Turkey told a reporter from the New York Times that “It was my good fortune to enjoy the personal acquaintance of Baron de Hirsch and my recollections of him, while tinged with sorrow at his sudden death, are of the pleasantest kind.

1896: Léon Say, who had worked on the on the Northern Railway Company which was owned by his friend Alphonse de Rothschild and who had supported Rothschild’s fight to maintain bimetallism while serving as Minister of Finance passed away today.

1897(19thof Nisan, 5657): Fifth Day of Pesach

1897: Three days after war broke between the Ottoman Empire, today the Jews of Salonika which was still a part of the Ottoman domain munched on their Matzah, heavy fighting began in Thessaly

 1898: As the United States and Spain drifted into war after the sinking of the Maine, “Spain severed diplomatic relations with the United States and the U.S. Navy began a blockade of Cuba.” Fifteen of the sailors who died on the Battleship Maine were Jewish.  Approximately 5,000 Jews served as volunteers in the military during the war.  A sixteen year old Jewish trooper was the first casualty among Teddy Roosevelt’s Rough Riders

1899: “Dreyfus Case Evidence” published today summarized the 24 columns of coverage The Figaro devoted to the coverage of “testimony offered before the Court of Cassation in the Dreyfus revision inquiry” including the statement by Major Forzinetti who was the Director of the Chereche-Midi Prison in 1894 that “Dreyfus consistently and persistently protested his innocence” and declared “that his only crime was in having been born a Jew.”

1900(22nd of Nisan, 5660): Eighth Day of Pesach and Shabbat; Yizkor recited for the first time in the 20th century.

1902(14th of Nisan, 5662): Ta’anit Bechorot; Erev Pesach

1902: In New York, as Jews sit down to their Seders, they do not have to worry about being able to buy supplies during the hoiday because Mayor Low has told the authorities not to enforce the Sunday closing laws during the holiday.

1903: Herzl arrived in London as he continued to his quest to get support from leading British political leaders and prominent English Jews for a Jewish homeland.

1904: “The resolution by Representative Goldfogle of New York to secure the recognition of United States passports when presented by American citizens in Russia without regard to their religious faith was adopted by the House to-day without dissent, having been unanimously recommended by the Foreign Affairs Committee.”

1905(16th of Nisan, 5665): Second Day of Pesach

1905(16th of Nisan, 5665):Meyer Kayserling a German-born rabbi who held pulpits in Switzerland and Hungary passed away in Budapest. Born in 1829, Kayersling was a noted historian and prolific author.

http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Kayserling_Meir

1906(26th of Nisan, 5666):Parashat Shmini

1906: In Moscow, at the Congress of Monarchists publisher Valdimir Gringmuth…”declared that ‘Holy Russia’ must be saved from the Revolutions” whose “chief conspirators” include “Jewish rabbis.”

1907: Birthdate of Zuromin, Poland native and Hebrew scholar Elchanan Indelman who in 1947 came to the United States where he continued to write Hebrew and Yiddish poetry while raising his two daughter Alta and Esther with his wife Leah.

https://www.nytimes.com/1983/04/28/obituaries/elchanan-indelman.html

1908: Birthdate of Berlin native Alfred Loew who gained fame as the American record executive and co-founder  with Max Margulis  of Blue Note Records

https://www.immigrantentrepreneurship.org/entry.php?rec=112

1909(30th of Nisan, 5669): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1909(30th of Nisan, 5669): Eighty year old Edward Salomon, the 8th governor of the state of Wisconsin passed away today.

http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&file_id=5243

http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/dictionary/index.asp?action=view&keyword=Edward+Salomon&term_id=2686

1910(12th of Nisan, 5670): Ta’anit Bechorot

1910: Tonight, Reverend Thomas M. Chalmers of the Jewish Evangelical Society of New York City refused to discuss the Mayor’s rejection of his request “for a license to preach for the conversion of Jews to Christianity…in the Brownsville section of Brooklyn.”

1911: Birthdate of Bronx born Leonard Warenoff, the son of Russian Jewish immigrants who gained fame as Leonard Warren, a leading baritone with the Met who died suddenly while singing with his Richard Tucker another of the Jewish immigrants who was a giant in the world of opera.

https://operawire.com/artist-profile-baritone-leonard-warren-legendary-verdi-interpreter/

1912: “The year-old Wager Earners’ League for Woman Suffrage” whose co-founders included Clara Lemlich and Rose Schneiderman “held its first mass rally today at New York’s Cooper Union’s Great Hall of the People.”

1912: Rabbi Stephen Wise, assisted by Rabbi Emil Hirsch of Chicago, is scheduled to lead a memorial service at Carnegie Hall this morning honoring those who lost their lives when the Titanic sank.

1912: In Minneapolis, “Isadore and Molly (Edelman) Davis” gave birth to University of Minnesota trained attorney and WW II veteran Julius E. Davis, the husband of Lillian Stacia Kropman and father of Lawrence and Stephen Davis.

1912: In speaking about the sinking of the Titanic, Rabbi Joseph Silverman says, “"Not God was responsible for this great disaster but the imperfection of human knowledge and judgment."

1913: Tonight Reverend Thomas M. Chalmers of the Jewish Evangelical Society refused to comment on his application “for a license to preach for the conversion of Jews to Christianity” on street corners in the sections of Manhattan, Brownsville and Brooklyn that have large Jewish populations or on Mayor William J. Gaynor’s letter rejecting his request.  In his letter rejecting the petition Gaynor wrote, “Do you not think the Jews have a good religion?  Have not the Christians appropriated the entire Jewish sacred scriptures?  Was not the New Testament also written entirely written by Jews?  Was not Jesus also born of the Jewish race, if I may speak of it with due reverence?  Did not we Christians get much or the most of what we have from the Jews?  Why should anyone work so hard to proselytize the Jew?  His pure belief in the one true living God …is one of the unbroken lineages and traditions of the world.  I do not think I should give you a license to preach for the conversion of the Jews in the streets in the thickly settled Jewish neighborhoods which you designate.  Would you not annoy them and do more harm than good?” Gaynor had studied in a seminary as a young man.  He was a pillar of the community who surprised everybody by standing up to the corruption of Tammany Hall. 

 1913(14th of Nisan, 5673): Fast of the First Born

1913:“Feast of Passover Begins This Evening” published in the New York Times reports that at sunset this evening, the celebration of Pesach, the Feast of the Passover, will begin in the Jewish households throughout the world. Pesach is the Spring festival of the Jews, and was specially ordained to commemorate the providential deliverance of the children of Israel from the bondage in which they had been held for many years under the Pharaohs of Egypt.”

1913(14th of Nisan, 5673):The Young Men’s Hebrew Association will be holding a seder tonight beginning at 7 o’clock which will be attended by many of the soldiers and sailors stationed at nearby forts and naval yards.

1913(14th of Nisan, 5673): Sixty-nine year old Isaac Aronwitz was the youngest person and 109 year old Ettel Polansky was the oldest person at the seder held at the Home of the Daughters of Jacob on East Broadway.

1914: The second annual track and field championships of the Metropolitan League of the Young Men’s Hebrew Association to plan tonight at the 69th Regiment armory where Edward Lindebaum failed to break the world’s record for the 35 foot rope climb.

1915: “Professor David G. Lyon of Harvard University gave an illustrated lecture on ‘The Samarian Excavations’ at the Menorah Society of Brown University.

1915(7th of Iyar, 5675): Eighty-one year old Abraham Berliner who served as professor of Jewish history and literature at Israel Hildesheimer’s Yeshiva in Berlin while publishing an acclaimed edition of Rashi’s commentary on the Pentateuch and bringing new life to the Mikitze Nirdamin, “a society for the publication of old Hebrew books and manuscripts that were either never published or long out of print” passed away today. 

1915: In London, Sarah and Abraham Goodman Jacobs gave birth to Henry Jacobs

1915: Seventy Jews from Palestine arrived in Alexandria. They described the conditions in Jerusalem as terrible, with many people dying from starvation. An eyewitness account from the village of Mea She’arim in Jerusalem tells of the conditions:



"My God…I never imagined that such wretched poverty really exists and that there really are such dark and filthy corners…. old men and women bloated with hunger. Children with an expression of horror, the devastation of hunger written on their faces…" This is an example of how the fate of the Jewish homeland was tied up in the game of international power politics.  Palestine was part of the Turkish Empire.  The Turks were at war with the Allies including the British who sought to take Palestine as a way to defend the Suez Canal; the French who wanted colonies in that part of the Turkish Empire that is now Syria and Lebanon; and the Russians who wanted to take control of the Dardanelles and the Black Sea away from the Turks. A large percentage of the Jewish population in Palestine had Russian origins.  While many of the Jews in Palestine were willing to fight on the side of the Turks, the Turks viewed the Jews as Russians or English sympathizers.  There was more than a little truth to the Turkish view of things.  At any rate, as the war dragged on, the Turks worked to make life miserable for the Jews and the Jews became more sympathetic to the Allied cause.



1916(18th of Nisan, 5676): Fourth Day of Pesach

1916: Dr. S. M. Melamed said today that The American Jewish Chronicle, a soon to published new publication, said today it “would not in any sense be pro-German, but that it would give all the news of Jewry without reference to race or religious differences.”

1916: It was reported today that one women in Kansas City have each pledged “to donate a dollar a month to the Women’s Division of the Central Jewish Relief Committee” for as longs the World War lasts.

1916: Today, in New York, “County Clerk Schneider received a letter from Louis Schaffer, manager of the Naturalization Aid League” in which he wrote “Permit us to thank you for the very splendid arrangements your office made for the Passover week in order to accommodate the hundreds of Jews in this city who applied for naturalization papers.”

1917(29th of Nisan, 5677): Parashat Shmini

1917: Rabbi M.H. Harris is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “The Work That Is Blessed” at Temple of Israel Harlem.

1917: Dr. Enelow is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “God’s Dwelling Place” at Temple Emanu-El

1917: Birthdate of Emanuel Vardi.  Born in Jerusalem Israel, Vardi became a world-class violist who was featured with the San Diego Symphony from 1978 to 1982.

1917: In a memorandum bearing today’s date (April 21, 1917) Lord Cecil, who was deputizing for Lord Balfour as Foreign Secretary during the Balfour Mission to America, wrote that:

‘I quite recognize the very great difficult of carrying out the Zionist policy involving as it does a strong preference for a British protectorate over Palestine. That seems to me to make it the more desirable to get France to join us in an expression of sympathy for Jewish Nationalist aspirations.’”

1917: A report published today from the Central Committee of the Bund in St. Petersburg concluded by saying “With one blow the Russian revolution has conquered Czarism, abolished all restrictions and opened a new page in Jewish history.  The liberation of the Jewish nation is in the faithful hands of the revolutionary Russian nation.”



1918(9thof Iyar, 5678): Lt. Frederick Adolphus Arron who had attended Uppingham and then Cambridge before enlisting died today while serving with the Royal Field Artillery.

1918: World War I: German fighter ace Manfred von Richthofen, known as "The Red Baron", is shot down and killed over Vaux-sur-Somme in France. Despite rumors to the contrary, the Red Baron was not Jewish.  According to film based on his life, one of his close friends was a Jewish pilot named Friedrich Sternberg who was shot down and killed during the war.  This would have made Sternberg one of over a hundred pilots who flew for the Kaiser during the Great War. Ironically, Richtofen’s death would result in Herman Goering, the future Nazi Number Two and head of the Luftwaffe, taking command of what was left of the famed Flying Circus.

1918: Dr. Schulman is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “The War and American Ideals” at Temple Bethel.

1918:Dr. Isaac Alcalay, the Chief Rabbi of Serbia, is scheduled to deliver a talk on “The Jews of Serbia and of the Allied Countries” at Temple Emanu-El.

1918: At the Free Synagogue in Carnegie Hall, Dr. Wise is scheduled to speak on “Why the World’s Woe, Where the World’s Comfort? The Answer of Job.”

1918: Dr. Lissman is scheduled to serve as the Master of Ceremonies at the installation ceremony of Maxwell Sacks as Rabbi at Temple Israel of Washington Heights

1918: Birthdate of Stephen Theodore Norman, the only grandchild of Theodore Herzl.

1919(21stof Nisan, 5679): Seventh Day of Pesach

1919: In New York, the East Side is expected “secure $100,000,000 in subscriptions during the Victory Liberty Loan campaign opening today.

1919: Professor William E. Dodd of the University of Chicago History Department is scheduled to discuss “The Value of the League of Nations” during an open forum at the Sinai Social Center in Chicago.1920: One of two dates in FSB archives for the death of Alexander Dubrovin, the founder of the anti-Semitic journal Russkoye Znamya who helped organized “the pogroms of the Black Hundreds.”

1920(3rdof Iyar, 5680): Seventy-eight year old Silesian born American artist Henry Mosler best known for his illustrations and the paintings of the Civil War passed away today in New York City.

http://americanart.si.edu/collections/search/artist/?id=3435

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=940CE4D9133FE432A25751C2A9629C946195D6CF

1922: Final publication of The American Hebrew & Jewish Messenger.

1922(23rdof Nisan, 5682): Seventy year old Philadelphia pawnbroker Abraham Henry Marcus the husband of Sophia Marcus and father of Bertha, Retta and Henry Marcus, the vaudevillian and “Pulp publisher” passed away today.

1924: Birthdate of MGM executive Daniel Melnick, who was producer of the television comedy hit, Get Smart

1925: In Little Rock, AR, Jesse Heiman and his wife gave birth to Max Adolph Heiman, the brother of Rose Heiman and Robert Jesse Heiman.

1926: Zeta Beta Tau fraternity announced today that “Rabbi Stephen S. Wise has been awarded the Gottheil medal ‘for distinguished service to the cause of Judaism.

1926: In Manhattan, Laurence Mayer and the former Mildred Miller gave birth to Roger Laurance Mayer a film executive who was instrumental in preserving and restoring countless classic movies and who owed his career, in a strange twist to anti-Semitism since he turned to movie production work only after having been turned down by several L.A. law firms because he was Jewish.

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/30/movies/roger-l-mayer-pioneer-of-film-preservation-dies-at-88.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

1927: In Manhattan, Isidor Brokaw, a lawyer who was wiped out in the Great Depression and the former Marie Hyde gave birth to Norman Robert Brokaw, the head of William Morris and driving force in the entertainment industry.

https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/01/business/norman-brokaw-agent-to-marilyn-monroe-and-elvis-presley-dies-at-89.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

1927: Birthdate of Robert Brustein, Dean of the Yale School of Drama.



1928: “The Passion of Joan of Arc” a silent biopic based on the Joan’s trial filmed by cinematographer Rudolph Maté was released in Denmark today.

1929: Mark Eisner presided over a dinner tonight at the Biltmore which “marked the opening of campaign to raise one million dollars to be used for assistance to impoverished Jews of Eastern Europe” where attendees heard “messages from President Hoover, Professor Albert Einstein and former Governor Al Smith” as well as speeches by Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt, the wife of the Governor and Lieutenant Governor Lehman.

1929: “To Honor Rabbi Loew” published today described the decision of “the Prague City Council…to name a street in the former Jewish quart of the city for Rabbi Jehuda Lowe-Bezalel, who is buried in the ancient Jewish cemetery” and who “was known to thousands of Americans through the film ‘The Golem; based on the novel by Gustav Maybrink.”

1930: Hank Greenberg made his major league baseball debut.

1931: Brooklyn outfielder Max Rosenfeld made his major league baseball debut.

1932: In Philadelphia, PA, “theater director/actor Jack Berlin and actress Ida (Aaron) Berlin” gave birth to Elaine Iva Berlin who gained fame as writer, director and comedian Elaine May.

1932: In New York City, Russian Jewish immigrant “Celia and Benjamin Melnick,” gave birth to “Daniel Melnick, a producer and studio executive who brought an innovative and often unconventional sensibility to films that included “Straw Dogs,” “All That Jazz” and “Altered States.”

https://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/17/movies/17melnick.html

https://www.theguardian.com/film/2009/oct/21/daniel-melnick-obituary

1932(15th of Nisan, 5692): Pesach

1932: On the first day of Pesach Rabbi Rosenbaum of Temple Israel and Rabbi Katz of Montefiore Hebrew Congregation tied the current economic crisis to the themes of Passover.  Katz said that today, the entire social and economic structure is falling and that a return to the Mosaic system offers a source of salvation.  After gaining their freedom, the Jews were taught that periodically “they must emancipate those elements in the population who, because of lack of foresight or ability lose their status as self-supporting and self-respecting men, who, in other words relinquish their freedom because of economic compulsion.”  We must adopt a modern version of the Mosaic codes which in ancient times called for periodic redistribution of the land and those who sold themselves because of debt were freed.

1933: The slaughter of animals according to the rules of Kashrut was banned by the Nazis in Germany.  Nazi propaganda portrayed Jewish slaughtering customs as treating animals in an inhumane way.  Yes, the people who would butcher six million of our co-religionists actually hid behind the animal rights’ movement.  There were many Jewish butchers who defied the law as long as possible and continued to supply kosher meat to their observant customers.

1933: King Christian X of Denmark attended the celebration of the 100th anniversary of the Crystal Synagogue in Copenhagen to demonstrate his sympathy for the Jews. This is the same King Christian who is the hero of a famous "urban legend."  According to the story he wore a Yellow Star during the war in support of his Jewish subjects.  While Christian showed great fortitude by staying with his people during the war and while the Danes protected their Jewish fellow citizens, the story of the star is a myth.  In fact, most of the Jews were not required to wear the star.  The important thing is the lengths to which the Danes went to protect the Jews.  If others had done as much, the Shoah would not have happened.

1933:  “According to a cable message received today by The Jewish Morning Journal” in New York, “Baruch Schwartz, noted Jewish educator passed away at the age of 72 in Tel Aviv.  Born in the Ukraine, Schwartz was an early member of the Zionist movement.  His greatest contribution was his work to modernize the Hebrew language and the development of simplified methods of teaching what had been considered to be a “dead language.”  Schwartz made Aliyah in 1923 and had completed three volumes of his memoirs before he passed away. 

1934: In Vienna, Emmanuel and Lilly (Hillel) gave birth to Michael Shinagel who “grew up to be the longest-serving dean in Harvard’s 380-year history.

http://www.timesofisrael.com/how-an-escape-from-the-nazis-colored-the-career-of-harvards-longest-serving-dean/

1934:  Moe Berg, catcher for the Washington Senators, played his 117th consecutive game without an error, setting a record for his position.  Moe Berg is one of the strangest and most fascinating of all baseball players.  Born to Russian immigrant parents on the Lower East Side in 1902, Berg graduated from Princeton magna cum laude with the ability to speak seven languages.  He also played shortstop for the Tigers.  Berg played for five teams during a fifteen year career.  He was labeled good field, no hit and was considered a good journeyman player.  What made him unique were his intellectual feats and the legends that surrounded them. He bought numerous papers each day which insisted on being the first to read.  If you grabbed a section of one of his papers before he had read it, he cast the paper aside because it was dead.  In the 1930's, Berg joined an All Star baseball team that made a barnstorming trip to Japan.  Berg was a strange choice since he certainly was not a star.  Beg did not join in the carousing and went off to be by himself.  It was only later, during World War II that people found out what Beg had been doing.  He spoke Japanese.  He wondered around taking pictures of Japan and some of these photographs were used by the Doolittle Raiders in 1942 to help them find their targets when America bombed Japan for the first time.  And this is only the tip of the ice berg or should I say Moe Berg.

1935: It was reported today that New York Governor Lehman has issued an appeal for contribution “to a fund for the relief and rehabilitation of European Jewry” which collecting $3,250,000 nationwide “to help the Jews from Germany and other lands to settle in Palestine.”

1935: In Pittsburgh, PA, “Lena (née Singer), who worked in the family store and volunteered for disabled veterans, and Theodore I. Grodin, who sold wholesale supplies” gave birth to actor and talk show host Charles Grodin.

1936: In Tel Aviv and Jaffa, Arabs riot to protest Jewish immigration to Palestine.  This was the beginning of two years of violence that would not end until 1939. Contrary to popular misconception, these riots were not a spontaneous expression of Arab feelings.  Arab leaders called for a general strike and a rebellion against the Mandate and in an effort to prevent Jewish immigration. Initially 80 Jews were murdered and 308 wounded.  By fall of 1939, over one hundred Jews had been killed in Arab attacks. The official Zionist policy at the time was “Havlagah” (self-restraint). In other words, the Jewish forces acted in self-defense.  They did not go out after their attackers nor did they stage attacks on Arab villages or centers of population.  The Arabs would succeed in their efforts.  In 1939, just prior to the start of World War II, the British government violated the terms of the Mandate and the Balfour Declaration by all but putting and end to Jewish immigration to Palestine and ending the purchase of land by Jews.  The British zealously enforced the ban on immigration which played a helpful role in the success of the Final Solution.

1936:  The funeral for six Jews who were murdered by Arab rioters in Tel Aviv yesterday was held at 6 o’clock this morning at the end of which all were buried in a common grave including one of the victims who was never identified.

1936: “The newspaper the Journal said in an editorial today that the disordered in Palestine between Jews and Arabs were Great Britain’s penalty ‘for supporting the Ethiopians against Italy.’”

1936: “Former Governor Alfred E. Smith, Postmaster General James A. Farley and Senator Royal S. Copeland joined today in an appeal for support for the drive of the Greater New York campaign of the Joint Distribution Committee which is seeking $1,500,000 as this New York City’s share of a $3,500,000 nation-wide fund for the aid of Jews in Germany and Central and Eastern Europe.

1936: Five Arab leaders who met with the British High Commissioner today said, “the rioting had been caused by the government’s refusal to forbid Jewish immigration and by the sale of land to Jews.”

1936: The Jews of Hebron who lived through the riots of 1929 when sixty-two Jews were murdered are now “safely sheltered in the Hadassah Hospital.”

1937: “Rabbi William F. Rosenblum of New York urged the Senate Judiciary Committee to reject” President Roosevelt’s court program saying “that the supreme judiciary is the rock of ages against which demagoguery and dictatorship alike will be dashed to pieces.”

1937: In Chicago, costume jeweler Sidney Kass and the former Celia Gorman gave birth to Jerome Kass, the author best known for the Emmy nominated “Queen of the Stardust Ballroom.”

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/25/theater/jerome-kass-writer-for-broadway-film-and-tv-dies-at-78.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

1938: Germany issued a decree that effectively eliminated Jews from the nation's economy and provides for the seizure of Jewish assets.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that five Arab terrorists were killed when they attacked the Tel Amal police post and the neighboring Jewish settlement. One Arab constable was killed during the attack.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that Switzerland demanded that all foreign nationals and in particular Austrian refugees leave the country. The acquisition of land, or even a substantial financial investment could not any more serve as a reason to obtain a permit to remain on the Swiss soil. (This was aimed at Jewish refugees who sought safe haven in supposedly neutral Switzerland.  It is only one example of how the Swiss betrayed the much touted moral high ground of neutrality to ingratiate themselves with the Nazis at the expense of the Jews of Europe.)

1939: In a letter written from Germany to Max Marx in Palestine, Jenny Marx described the family’s desperate condition including Siegmund Mayer’s internment in a concentration, while thanking him for sending a picture of his new fiancée – a measure that seemed to fill her with hope for the future.

1940: “An assertion that America could learn from the lesson taught by the tragedy of Europe only if people were wise enough, patriotic enough, and united enough, was made by Governor Lehman in an address tonight at a dinner of the State Conference of the National Council of Jewish Women.”

1940: “In the cities of the Free Zone, especially in Marseille, which continues to harbor a very large number of refugees from all parts of Europe, it is understood that steps are being taken to take a census of all Jews. Identity papers are being examined in all instances and it seems clear that it is desired to prepare lists of various classes of Jews.”

1941 (24th of Nisan, 5701):  A mentally ill woman was forced by the sentries to dance by the barbed entrance to the Lodz Ghetto. When she was done they shot her dead. This unfortunate soul perished with no record of her name.  By mentioning the episode, she may remain nameless, but not unremembered. 

1942: Tonight, as part of “Operation Delay II,” the leader of a unit of British commandos that included Jewish wireless operation Edward Zeff and Captain Isidore Newman landed off the coast of the French Rivera and mad it successfully to #31 Avenue Marechal Foch, “the home of the Jewish Restiance leader Dr. Louis Levy (Louis of Antibes).

1942: “Nazis Concentrate All Dutch Jews in Amsterdam Ghetto” published today described how “Nazi officials in occupied Holland ae now moving the Jews from Dutch provincial towns into the Amsterdam ghetto under the pretext that they intend to make Amsterdam “a port of exodus for Jews from Europe” and that the “Supervision of these Dutch Jews has been entrusted to the German police only, since the Nazis have found the Dutch police to be ‘overly-sympathetic’ to the Jews.”

1943: Sixty-eight year old Austrian biologist Hans Leo Prizbram and his wife who had fled to “Amsterdam in December 1939” were deported today to Theresienstadt where he died in 1944.

1944:It was reported today that Max Zaritsky, the president of the United Hatters, Caps and Millinery Workers Union of America and Chairman of the Palestine union committee released a letter from Philip Murray, the President of the CIO expressing his support for the American Jewish Trade Union Committee of which he is now serving as honorary co-chairman.

1945: In St. Louis, MO, Nathan and Bluma (Rubin) Schwartz gave birth author Howard Schwartz whose efforts have him the Koret Jewish Book Award and the National Jewish Book Award.

1945: Birthdate of director and screenwriter Nadav Levitan, a native of Kibbutz Kfar Masayrk

https://human-knowledge.online/en/persons/nadav-levitan-2830302/

1945: In Montreal, Abe Wainberg, a glassware company employee and his wife Fay gave birth to Mark Arnold Wainberg, the microbiologist who played a key role in developing treatment for AID’s patients.

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/14/world/americas/dr-mark-wainberg-microbiologist-aids-awareness-dead.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=1

1945: Robert Limpert who had been brutally hung in the Bavarian town of Ansbach for courageously trying to sabotage the Nazis in the waning days of WW II was buried today.

1946 (20th of Nisan, 5706): On the 6thDay of Pesach, five Jews, each of them a concentration-camp survivor, motoring near Nowy Targ, Poland, were stopped at a mock police checkpoint and shot to death. The oldest victim was 35, one was 25, and the remaining three were 22.

1946: The Palestine civil service strike gained new support when “municipal workers in Nazareth and employees of the Trans-Jordan railways walked out in sympathy with the other strikers.”

1946: Thirty-five year old Wisconsin native Morrie “Snooker” Aronvich the outfielder who “kept kosher for his whole life” ended his seven year major league baseball career today as a player with the New York Giants.

1947(1stof Iyar, 5707): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1947(1stof Iyar, 5707): Nineteen year old British Army veteran and Irgun member Meir Feinstein and twenty year old Moshe Barazani blew themselves up with a handgrenade hours before they were scheduled to be hung in the Jerusalem Central Prison.

1948(12thof Nisan, 5708): Seventy-three year old Gomel born, Columbia educated physician Nicholas Dobkin passed away today in Brooklyn

1948: In “Big Convoy Fights Way To Jerusalem” Dana Adams Schmidt described the attack by the Arabs at Deir Ayoub on the 260 vehicles bring food and other supplies to the besieged Jewish community which last for a full day claiming the lives of five members of the Haganah leaving another twenty four wounded.”

1948: It was reported today “Trans-Jordan’s Arab Legion and other Arab regular armies would soon invade Palestine” and that “the Arab League’s Political Committee had decided to set up a government claiming sovereignty over all of Palestine.”

1948: The British government in Palestine denied that any promises had been made guaranteeing “Jews access to the Wailing Wall…during the” upcoming “Passover festival” – a claim disputed by the Zionists.

1949(22nd of Nisan, 5709): 8th day of Pesach

1951(15thof Nisan, 5711): As UN Forces fight the Chinese and the North Korean forces trying to conquer South Korea, the Jews observe Pesach.

1953: Roy Cohn and G. David Schine, two of Senator Joseph McCarthy's chief aides, recommend the removal of 30,000 books from the libraries of the United States Information Service posts in Europe, including works by Dashiell Hammett, W. E. B. Du Bois, Herman Melville, John Steinbeck and Henry David Thoreau, calling them "pro-Communist.”  Not all Jews, even ones who were New York born lawyers, were liberals.  This also puts the lie to the notion that all Jews were Communists.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that on the occasion of Israel's sixth birthday, the President, Yitzhak Ben-Zvi, ordered the release of eight prisoners and reduced the sentences of about a hundred others. Nazareth and Arab villages in Galilee were richly decorated with flags of the State. Arab and Druze notables participated in the Haifa march-past army parade and other celebrations.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that diplomatic steps were taken in an urgent effort to improve the deteriorating conditions on Israeli borders, troubled by a continued infiltration, murder, theft and sabotage.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that Israel accused Egypt of an act of piracy when three Israeli fishing smacks were stopped and searched, in international waters, by an Egyptian corvette.

1954: Danny Kaye was appointed UNICEF's Ambassador at Large, and made a 40,000 mile good-will trip, which resulted in the short, Assignment Children.

1956(10thof Iyar, 5716): Seventy-one year David Samuel Gottesman, the son of Sarah and Mendel Gottesman and “husband of Jeanne Regina Gottesman” passed away today.

1956(10thof Iyar, 5716): Samuel Gottesman, the “Hungarian-born, American pulp-paper merchant, financier and philanthropist” who best known for “the donation of the so-called Dead Sea Scrolls to the State of Israel, where they are housed in the Shrine of the Book” passed away today

1958(1st of Iyar, 5718): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1958: At Treblinka, the construction of a monument 8 metres (26 ft) tall was inaugurated today with the laying of the cornerstone at the site of the former gas chambers

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franciszek_Duszeńko#/media/File:Treblinka_memorial.jpg

1961: “Israel: The Man in the Cage, an article published” by Time magazine described the events at the Eichmann Trial

http://www.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,895278,00.html

1962: “The Century 21 Exposition” also known as the Seattle World’s Fair for which Lawrence Halprin provided the “master landscaping plan” opened today

1964: Houston Third Baseman Steve Hertz appeared in his first major league baseball game.

1964: “Funeral services” are scheduled “to be held at Temple Rodeph Sholom” today “for Ben Hecht, American-Jewish author, journalist, playwright, and stormy petrel in the Zionist movement, who died suddenly at the age of 70.” (As reported by JTA)

1968: Bernard Gersten, a man who served in many theatrical capacities married a dancer named Cora Cahan.

1969: “The Night Thoreau Spent in Jail” co-authored by Jerome Lawrence (born Jerome Lawrence Schwartz) opened today for the first time at Ohio State University.

1970(15thof Nisan, 5730): Pesach

1971: Publication of The Classical Style: Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, ‘a book by the American pianist and author Charles Rosen” that “analyses the evolution of style during the Classical period of classical music as it was developed through the works of Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and Ludwig van Beethoven.

1974: After 538 performances and “two previews” the curtain came down on the original Broadway production of Neil Simon’s “The Sunshine Boys” produced by Emanuel Azenberg, directed by Alan Arkin and co-starring Sam Levene as “Lewis” and Jack Albertson as “Clark.”

1976(21stof Nisan, 5736): Seventh Day of Pesach

1976(21stof Nisan, 5736): Seventy-six year old “French director and screenwriter” the native of St. Petersburg, Russia, passed away today in Paris.

1977(3rd of Iyar, 5737):Yom HaAtzma'ut

1977(3rd of Iyar, 5737): Eighty-four year old Gummo [Milton] Marx passed away fifth son Minnie and Sam Marx. Born in either October 1892 or 18993, he is the Marx brother most people do not remember.  Although he and Groucho were the original performers in the family, Gummo left show business to join the Army.  He was replaced by Zeppo.  After the war, Gummo sold dresses and cloth.  He came back to show business, but not as a performer.  He was the agent for his famous brothers. 

1977: The original Broadway production of “Annie” with music by Charles Strouse, lyrics by Martin Charmin opened at the Alvin Theatre today.

1978:The Jerusalem Postreported that the Government and the Histadrut reached a mini-package anti-inflation deal, providing for a six-month freeze on taxes, prices and service charges, with an option to be extended for another six months.

1978:The Jerusalem Postreported that Israeli authorities had recently been looking into the possibility of curbing what was termed as an increased partisan activity by the too inquisitive foreign diplomats in the West Bank and Gaza Strip.

1979(24thof Nisan, 5739): On Shabbat, in Nahariya, terrorists attacked an apartment building killing four people including two children and injuring four others.

1983: “The Anti-Zionist Committed of the Soviet Public was formed in Moscow to combat Jewish cultural and emigration activities.”

1984(19thof Iyar, 5744): Marcel Janco,Romanian and Israeli visual artist, architect, art theorist and cultural promoter, known as the co-inventor of Dadaism and a leading exponent of Constructivism in Eastern Europe passed away.

http://www.nytimes.com/1984/04/23/obituaries/marcel-janco-a-dada-founder.html

1985(30th of Nisan, 5745):  Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1985(30th of Nisan, 5745):  Ninety-one year old songwriter and music scout Irving Mills passed away.

https://www.nytimes.com/1985/04/23/arts/irving-mills-dies-at-91-jazz-music-publisher.html

1985(30th of Nisan, 5745): Sixty-two year old fashion designer Rudi Gernreich passed away.

https://www.nytimes.com/1985/04/22/nyregion/rudi-gernreich-avant-garde-designer-dies.html

http://www.fashionencyclopedia.com/Fr-Gu/Gernreich-Rudi.html

1985:“The Normal Heart,” a largely autobiographical play by Larry Kramer” premiered at The Public Theatre in New York City.

1986: “Act of Vengance” an HBO film featuring Ellen Barkin as “Annette Gilly” and Maury Chaykin as “Claude Vealey” was broadcast for the first time.

1987: In today’s “Postscript” German historian Joachim Fest wrote "In its substance, the dispute was initiated by Ernst Nolte's question whether Hitler's monstrous will to annihilate the Jews, judging from its origin, came from early Viennese impressions or, what is more likely, from later Munich experiences, that is, whether Hitler was an originator or simply being reactive. Despite all the consequences that arouse from his answer, Nolte's question was in fact a purely academic exercise. The conclusions would probably not have caused as much controversy if they had been accompanied by special circumstances"

1988(4thof Iyar, 5748) Yom HaAtzma’ut

1988: Five days after he was killed in Tunis, terrorist leader Khalil al-Wazir was buried today in Damascus on the same day that the Washington Post reported “that the Israeli cabinet” had approved his “assassination.”

1988(4thof Iyar, 5748): Sixty-seven year old I.A.L. Diamond screenwriter whose work included “The Apartment” and “Some Like It Hot” passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/1988/04/22/obituaries/i-a-l-diamond-is-dead-at-67-won-oscar-for-the-apartment.html

1989(16thof Nisan, 5749): Second Day of Pesach; First Day of the Omer

1989: The Price Center, named for Sol Price, the founder of COSTCO who “donated two million dollars for the construction of this student center” at the University of California, San Diego, opened today.





1992(18thof Nisan, 5652): Fourth Day of Pesach

1992(18thof Nisan, 5652): Eighty-one year old Chicago born and University of Chicago trained attorney Morris I Leibman, the husband of Mary Leibman with whom he raised two sons and recipient of the Freedom Medal passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/1992/04/29/obituaries/morris-i-leibman-81-a-senior-law-partner.html

https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1992-04-22-9202050616-story.html

1993:Yiddish theater producer and advocate Dora Wasserman received the Order of Canada, the highest honor bestowed on civilians by the Canadian government.

1994(10thof Iyar, 5754): Officer cadet Shahar Simani , age 20, of Ashkelon, was found stabbed to death near the roadside at the village of Beit Hanina , north of Jerusalem . He had been kidnapped while hitchhiking in the south.

1995(21stof Nisan, 5755): Seventh Day of Pesach

1995: “While You Were Sleeping” a comedy directed by Jon Turteltaub, produced by Roger Birnbaum and Joe Roth and with music by Randy Edelman was released today in the United States.

1996: The New York Times published an article entitled “Modern Holocaust Memorial: Thesis of Victim on Internet” that tells the story of Esther Hautzig’s very personal, very innovative efforts to insure that the life of her Uncle Ela-Chaim Cuzner will be remembered.

http://www.nytimes.com/1996/04/21/nyregion/modern-holocaust-memorial-thesis-of-victim-on-internet.html

1997(14th of Nisan, 5757): Ta’anit Bechorot; Erev Pesach

1997(14th of Nisan, 5757)): Ninety-two year old Herbert Zipper, the composer and conductor who survived Dachau and co-composed “the Dachau Song” passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/1997/04/23/arts/herbert-zipper-92-founder-of-secret-orchestra-at-dachau.html

1998: “We’ve Never Heard of You, Either” the first major album for Evan and Jaron was released today.

1999(5thof Iyar, 5759): Final Yom HaAtzma’ut celebration of the 20thcentury.

2000: “President Clinton met at the White House tonight with the Palestinian leader, Yasir Arafat, to begin a last-stage American effort to work out a final agreement between the Israelis and Palestinians.”

2001(28thof Nisan, 5761):Dr. Mario Goldin, 53, of Kfar Sava, was killed when a terrorist detonated a powerful bomb he was carrying near a group of people waiting at a bus stop on the corner of Weizman and Tchernichovsky streets. About 60 people were injured in the blast. Hamas claimed responsibility.

2001(28thof Nisan, 5761): Thirty-eight year old Stanislav Sandomirsky was murdered by an unknown terrorist north of Ramallah today following which his body was “mutilated.”

2001: The 2001 NFL Draft in which Sage Rosenfels was drafted by  the Washington Redskins began today.

2002: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including the recently published paperback edition of “Before the Storm: Barry Goldwater and the Unmaking of the American Consensus” by Rick “The End of Days: Fundamentalism and the Struggle for the Temple Mount” by Gershom Gorenberg in which the “ senior editor and columnist for The Jerusalem Post examines the incendiary mix of religious groups -- Arab, Jewish and fundamentalist Christians -- that view the destiny of the sacred Temple Mount as crucial to their apocalyptic faith.”

2002: Official end of Operation Defensive Shield, the Israeli response to a wave Arab terrorism that included the murder of 30 people during a Seder.

2003: Seventy year old singer/song stylists and civil rights activist Nina Simone,who brought her own unique style to the singing of “Eretz Zavat Halav” and who recorded “Strange Fruit” written by a Jewish songwriter about lynchings in the South on her 1965 album Pastel Blues” passed away today

2003: An Israeli intelligence officer identified only as “Colonel K” gave a lecture today predicting that Hezbollah had shore-to-sea missiles in its possession.

2003:In the United Kingdom, “Rififi” directed by Jules Dassin was released on DVD by Arrow Films.

2004: Today “the Israeli Army sent tanks into the northern Gaza Strip to try to halt repeated Palestinian rocket fire coming from the tense territory…”

2005:Ivri Lider performed in Tel Aviv where he was joined byRita, Berry Sakharof, and Assaf Amdursky.

2005(12th of Nisan, 5765):  Fast of the Firstborn.

2005: Premiere of “Fathers and Sons” featuring Linda Edelstein and Mordecai Finley.

2006(23rd of Nisan, 5766): The Brit of Joshua Larry Rosenstein, son of Mr. and Mrs. David Rosenstein and the grandson of Larry and Judy Rosenstein (of blessed memory) takes place in New York City.

2006: President Bush proclaims May as Jewish American Heritage Month.

2007: Sara Paretsky, creator of the V.I. Warshawski novels, takes part in a book reading and book signing in Forest Park, Illinois.  Ms. Paretsky is an outspoken critic of the powers the Patriot Act.  Despite threats from a variety of sources, she reported that she found the courage to speak out because of her Jewish heritage.  Silence had enabled those who made the Holocaust and she was not going to be threatened into silence.

2007:  An exhibition entitled “Otot” featuring the works of Yosef Halevi opens at the Meirov Municipal Art Gallery in Holon. Halevi won the then-coveted Diezengoff Prize in 1962.

2008(16th of Nisan, 5768): Second Day of Pesach, First Day of the Omer – 5768.

2009(27th of Nisan, 5769): Yom Hashoah – Holocaust Remembrance Day

2009: In Cedar Rapids, Holocaust Survivor Irene Furst speaks at Mt. Mercy College.Irene Furst, at 87, still travels the country to tell her story because it’s one she doesn’t want to be forgotten. Furst is a Holocaust survivor. She fears that as the survivors die, so, too, will their stories.
 “I don’t know what will happen when all the survivors will be gone,” Furst said. “My children’s generation would still probably remember and talk about it, but I don’t know what will happen after that. The Jewish people will not forget, but I don’t know about everyone else.”   Furst, a native of Poland, spent six years in three locations during the Holocaust. These included the Lodz Ghetto and Auschwitz concentration camp. She celebrated her 18th birthday shortly after being detained in the first ghetto, in 1939, and wasn’t liberated until May 1945. After the war, she met her future husband, who had been imprisoned in Latvia. They came to the United States in 1947. Furst tells her story not only to keep the memories going but to help ensure the event won’t be repeated.
 “It should never happen again,” she said. “Germans wanted a final solution to the number of Jews. They wanted to kill all the Jews. “It’s important to know that one race can hate another so badly that they wanted to kill them,” she said.  Her visit to Cedar Rapids is funded through the Thaler Holocaust Memorial Fund.


2009:  A Holocaust Remembrance Day (Yom Hashoah) ceremony takes place this evening at the Waterloo Center for the Arts. The ceremony involves participants of different faiths and backgrounds, and includes a candle-lighting to pay tribute to the victims, liberators and rescuers of the Holocaust, as well as victims of other genocides. The event was organized in collaboration with the Sons of Jacob Synagogue of Waterloo.

2009:Today, for the first time, Israel Kasztner, the man, who organized a train that saved 1,682 Hungarian Jews from death at the hands of the Nazis will be honored in a ceremony near the scene of the murder.

2009:Saleh Bahman, a Kuwaiti journalist who will be running for parliament in next month's general election today called on the Gulf state to establish full diplomatic ties with Israel. "Israel is a reality and has international influence... Kuwait would benefit from Israel's influence if we establish relations with them."

2009: In a statement issued in the House of Commons today, Foreign Secretary David Miliband announced that “in light of Operation Cast Lead and in line with” the British governments “obligations after a conflict” there would be “a review of extant export licenses for Israel” 

2009: “The government filed a motion with the Sixth Circuit asking for the stay against deportation to be lifted, arguing that accused war criminal John Demjanjuk had sought the stay in order to provide an opportunity for the BIA to rule upon his motion to reopen the deportation order. Since the BIA denied the motion, the government argued, the basis for the Sixth Circuit's stay was no longer valid, and the stay should accordingly be dismissed

2009: After over 14 years Leonard Hoffman, Baron Hoffman completed his service as Lord of Appeal in Ordinary, a senior position in the British judiciary.

2009: Eighty-three year old Vivian Dorothy Maier the creator of a photographic record of “Jewish Chicago” passed away today.

http://www.tabletmag.com/jewish-arts-and-culture/113385/vivian-maier-jewish-chicago

http://www.vivianmaier.com/





2010:Centro Primo Levi and the Center for Jewish History are scheduled to present a Panel Discussion with Moshe Idel about his Book Old Worlds, New Mirrors: On Jewish Mysticism and 20th-Century Thought

2010:Nevin Shapiro, the crooked University of Miami booster who orchestrated a $930 million Ponzi scheme  “was charged in New Jersey with securities fraud and money laundering” today.

2010: Israeli authors Assaf Gavron and Eshkol Nevo are scheduled to read from their newest novels at Cornell University as part of a program entitled “Israeli Literature Today.”

2010:Whitney Harris, one of the last of the prosecutors who brought high-ranking Nazi war criminals to justice at the Nuremberg trials and who, a half-century later, was a significant voice in the creation of the International Criminal Court, died today at the age of  97. (As reported by Dennis Hevesi)

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/29/world/europe/29harris.html

2011: “Rabies” an Israeli film about a psychotic serial killer, is scheduled to be shown today at the Tribeca Film Festival in New York.

2011:Ten thousand Jewish worshipers gathered at the Western Wall Plaza today take part in the bi-annual Priestly Blessing, which usually occurs on the second intermediate days of Sukkot and Pessah. The blessing, known in Hebrew as the Birkat Hakohanim, is a public gathering in which the Kohanim – the priestly class – bestow upon the Jewish people a three-fold blessing that originated with the giving of the Torah at Mount Sinai. Massive police presence ensured that the prayers passed peacefully and without incident.

2011: Joining the likes of US President Barack Obama, French President Nicolas Sarkozy, UK Prime Minister David Cameron and teen pop sensation Justin Bieber, Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu was named by Time Magazine today as one of the 100 most influential people of 2011.

2011: The Haggadah Fair sponsored by the Kol HaOt organization and the Inbal Hotel featuring “the magnificent Haggadot of such internationally renowned artists as Avner Moriah, Maty Grünberg, David Moss, Eliyahu Sidi, Matt Berkowitz, Ya’akov Daniel and Ilya Gefter” came to an end today.

2012:Former Ambassador Richard Schifter is scheduled to speak about Israel's relations with the international community, the United Nations, the U.S. Congress and the American Rabbinate at Tifereth Israel Congregation in Washington, DC. 

2012: “Jewish Luck” is scheduled to be shown at the Columbia Jewish Congregation’s (CJC) 2012 - Twentieth Season of Movies.

2012: “Retoration” and “Mabul” (The Flood) are scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival. 

 2012:  “Avigdor Arikha: Works from the Estate” an exhibition at the Marlborough Gallery is scheduled to come to an end.

http://www.marlboroughgallery.com/exhibitions/avigdor-arikha

2013: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Interestings by Meg Wolitzer  and the recently released paperback edition of Exorcising Hitler: The Occupation and Denazification of Germany by Frederick Taylor.

2013: Today, Stephan A. Schwarzman, the Chairman and CEO of The Blackstone Group “announced a $100 million personal gift to establish and endow a scholarship program in China, Schwarzman Scholars, modeled after the Rhodes Scholarship program.”

2013: “Microcosms: Ruth Abrams, Abstract Expressionist” which opened in August, 2012 is scheduled to come to an end at Yeshiva University Museum.

2013: Consultation on Conscience, Reform Judaism’s flagship social justice conference, is scheduled to open in Washington, D.C.

2013: International conference “Being witness to the Holocaust. 70th anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising” is scheduled to open in Warsaw.

2013: An exhibition of the work of Holocaust survivor Israel Bernbaum at the George Segal Gallery at Montclair State University is scheduled to come to an end.

2013: Tiftereth Israel in Des Moines is scheduled to host a giant Israel Festival called “A Taste of Israel.”

2013: Today the cabinet approved an Open Skies Agreement with the European Union, even as Israeli carriers grounded their fleets and hundreds of airline workers gathered outside the meeting in protest.

2013: U.S. Secretary of Defense of Chuck Hegel arrived in Israel today vowing to provide Israel “with advanced weapons that will enhance its abilities to strike at Israel.

2014(21stof Nisan, 5774): Seventh Day of Pesach

2014: Today the Supreme Court granted Nathan Lewin's certiorari petition in the follow-up case of Zivotofsky v. Kerry, which concerns the question whether a federal statute that directs the Secretary of State, on request, to record the birthplace of an American citizen born in Jerusalem as born in "Israel" on a Consular Report of Birth Abroad and on a United States passport is unconstitutional on the ground that the statute "impermissibly infringes on the President's exercise of the recognition power reposing exclusively in him.”

2014 (21st of Nisan, 5774): Eighty-two year old Herb Gray who “represented Windsor West for almost 40 years” and was “Canada’s first Jewish federal cabinet minister” passed away today.

http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/herb-gray-former-mp-and-deputy-prime-minister-dead-at-82-1.2617214

2014: In Marionville, MO, a special meeting of the Board of Alderman is scheduled to be held to accepting the resignation of Jessica Wilson, an alderwoman who is giving up her position in responsed to the endorsement of Mayor Daniel Clevenger’s endorsement of the views of Frazier Glen Miller, the anti-Semitic gunman who murdered three people when he attacked a Jewish community center and assisted living facility in Kansas City.

2015: SS guard Oskar Groening is scheduled to go trial for his role in the murder of Hungarian Jews at Auschwitz.

2015: The Jewish Historical Society of England is scheduled to sponsor Simon Anglim’s lecture on “Major General Orde Wingate: Unconventional Warrior.”

https://www.tjomo.com/article/2/Orde_Wingate_And_Paramilitary_Support_Operations_Messages_For_The_21St_Century/

http://www.academia.edu/689992/Orde_Wingate_and_Anglo-Jewish_Military_Cooperation_in_Palestine_-_Myth_versus_Reality

2015: The Oregon Jewish Museum and Center for Holocaust Education is scheduled to host a bilingual poetry reading from the works Russian born poet Boris Slutsky followed by a Q & A session with
“Marat Grinberg, Associate Professor of Russian and Humanities at Reed College, and Judith Pulman, poet and translator, who have been collaborating to translate a selection of Slutsky’s unpublished poetry.”




Whether I grow wiser or I grow older—

I grasp myself clearly to be a Jew.

 I thought that I had made it.

 And I thought I’d broken through—

I didn’t make it, I unmade myself,

 I didn’t break through, I broke down,

 I am not to be read from left to right,

 but in Jewish, from right to left.

            -Boris Slutsky, translated by Judith Pulman and Marat Grinberg



2015: Israel is scheduled to “come to a standstill this evening at 8 p.m. for a minute long memorial sired to commemorate the country’s  fallen soldiers and terror victims…followed by the lighting of a memorial flame for the fall at the Western Wall, the site of the official state commemoration ceremony.” (As reported by Times of Israel)

2015: The Consulate General of Israel in New York is scheduled to host The Official Memorial Day Service “honoring the soldiers who gave their lives in defense of the State of Israel and the victims of terrorist attacks” at the 92ndStreet Y.

2015: Flight 2521 to Prague by El Al’s budget carrier UP! “made an emergency landing at Ben Gurion Airport shortly after having taken off amid fears that one of its tires had been been damaged durin take-off. (As reported by Stuart Winer)

2015(2ndof Iyar, 5775: One-hundred two year old literary critic M.H. Abrams passed away today. (As reported by William Grimes)

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/23/books/mh-abrams-professor-who-shaped-the-study-of-romanticism-dies-at-102.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0





2015: Today “Abu Khdeir’s name showed up on the government’s online database of terror victims, next to an Israeli flag overlaid with a picture of the Blood of the Maccabees flower, which has come to symbolize the country’s fallen.” (As reported by Judah Ari Gross)

http://www.timesofisrael.com/slain-arab-teen-added-to-terror-victims-monument/

2016: Magda Brown, who was 17 years old in 1944 when she and her family were deported on one of the final transports to Auschwitz-Birkenau spoked at Washington High School as part of the “annual Yom HaShaoh sponsored in Cedar Rapids, IA by Iowa The Thaler Holocaust Memorial Fund under the leadership of Dr. Robert Silber and the Inter-Religious Council of Linn County.

2016: As part of The Holocaust and Genocide Studies Project the Oregon Jewish Museum and Center for Holocaust Education is scheduled to present a lecture by Dr. Heather Ohaneson on “The Syrian Crisis in Terms of the Trauma of the Armenian Genocide.”

2017(24thof Nisan, 5777): Seventy-six year old Albert Samuel “Sandy” Gallin the General Artists mailroom employee who worked his up to a vice presidency and booked the Beatles for the first time on the Ed Sullivan television show passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/21/arts/sandy-gallin-76-talent-manager-adored-by-stars-dies.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

2017: In Iowa City, the University Of Iowa Chapter Of AEPhi Sorority in act of “gemilut chasadim” so appropriate to this time of the year, is scheduled to sponsor “Jazz on the Rocks” – a fund raiser of the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation

2017: In the United Kingdom, after Kabbalat Shabbat, The Oxford Jewish Society is scheduled to host “Oth Week” Friday Night Dinner

2018(6thIyar, 5778): Parashat Tazria and Metzora; Pirke Avot Chapter 2;

2018: In Metairie, LA, as part of the celebration of Israel at 70, Ambassador Yoram Ettinger is scheduled to speak at Shir Chadash Conservative Congregation following Shabbat morning services.

2018: In the United Kingdom, The Oxford Jewish Society is scheduled to host a Seudah on Pirke Avot following Mincha services.

2018: The Jewish Lake Alliance is scheduled to host Havdalah this evening at the Bottlehouse Brewery.

2018: At Agudas Achim in Coralville, IA, Rabbi Jackie Tabick is scheduled to officiate at the Installation of Rabbi Esther Hugenholtz between Mincha and Havdalah.

2018: The Be’er Sheva Theatre House is scheduled to perform “Lost in Yonkers.”

2019: An exhibition of the work of the Israeli artist Shay Arick is scheduled to come an end today at the Compère Collective

2019: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Ben Hecht: Fighting Words, Moving Pictures by Adina Hoffman, The Notorious Ben Hecht: Iconoclastic Writer and Militant Zionist by Julien Gorbach, Working: Researching, Interviewing and Writing by Robert A. Caro and Naamah by Sarah Blake.

2019(16thof Nissan, 5779): Second Day of Pesach; First Day of the Omer

2020(27thof Nisan, 5780): Yom HaShoah

2020: The Museum of Jewish Heritage in New York is scheduled to host a Zoom presentation “about Heroines of the Holocaust, focusing on women who fought as members of resistance movements.”

2020: In observance of Yom HaShoah (Israel's Holocaust Remembrance Day), the ASF IJE, Diarna Geo-Museum, and an international team of researchers for Sephardim in the Shoah are scheduled to provide   a survey of how Sephardic communities experienced the Holocaust.

2020: The Streicker Center is scheduled to host a virtual presentation by Anat Hoffman on “Women of the Wall – Resilience and Resistance.”

2020: “HaMaqom|The Place and the JFCS Holocaust Center are scheduled tolead daylong, virtual Holocaust Remembrance Day event, with talks by survivors, survivors’ children, authors and historians.

2020: Public Holocaust Memorial Day activities scheduled for today have been canceled due to the Pandemic but thanks to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum each self-quarantined individual can conduct memorial of their own by “reading aloud at ten names of victims and survivors.”

https://engage.ushmm.org/2020-names-reading.html?utm_source=mkto&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=2004MKTEM05428

https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/landing/en/id-cards

2020: At 11 a.m ET, the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum is scheduled to present its “virtual  Days of Remembrance commemoration” featuring “Holocaust survivors’ tributes to family members they lost, a stirring message from Benjamin Ferencz (the last living Nuremberg prosecutor), and timeless words from the late Elie Wiesel.”

2020: The Jewish Federation of Greater Des Moines is scheduled to host, on-line “a brief memorial prayers and songs” as part of its Yom HaShoah observance.

2020: Today, thanks to a list provided by the Jewish Board of Deputies, people can follow a series of Yom HaShoah events which are scheduled to begin at 9 a.m. with “two minutes of silence to concincide with the siren from Israel to “Saving A Life, Saving the World, Searching for Hope” presented by “Learning from the Righteous” starting at 9:15 p.m.

https://www.yomhashoah.org.uk/live



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This Day, April 22, In Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb Levin Z"L

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April 22

404:Emperors Arcadius and Honorius limit the opportunities of Jews to serve the Empire when they issue the following:  "We decree that the Jews and Samaritans who flatter themselves with the privilege of being in the secret service will be deprived of all employment with imperial service." [CTh 16.8.16]

1073: Pope Gregory VII begins his twelve year reign.  While history may remember him for his role as a reformer and for his “battles” with the Henry IV, the Holy Roman Emperor, others may also remember him as “The Jewish Pope” since he was reportedly “descended from an Italian Jew named Baruch” who started a bank in Rome and converted to Christianity in 1030

1213:Pope Innocent III issued the papal bull Quia maior, calling all of Christendom to join what became the Fifth Crusade. The Crusades were a period of intermittent disaster for the Jews of Europe and Palestine.

1391:King Wenceslaus issued an edict affording protection to the Jews of Worms.

1451: Birthdate of Isabella I of Castile, the queen who played a key role in the destruction of a seven century old civilization when she cruelly expelled the Jews from Spain 

1488(11thof Iyar, 5248): Almost a year after publishing Perush Rashi al ha-Torah (Rashi’s commentary on the Torah, Joshua Soncino finished printing “a complete Biblia Hebraica” (Hebrew Bible.

1490(1st of Iyar): Leo, Jewish court physician to Grand Duke Ivan II, was executed today.

1500: Portuguese explorer Pedro Álvares Cabral, accompanied by Gaspar da Gama, a Polish born Jew whose slave name had been Yusuf ‘Adil before being forcibly converted to Christianity, sighted the mainland of Brazil for the first time today.

1509: Henry VIII ascended the English throne following the death of his father, Henry VII.  While Jews were officially banned from living in England, evidence exists that a small congregation of Marranos had settled in London by 1540.  Henry’s contact with Jews and Judaism was indirect but somewhat pivotal in the events surrounding his various wives.  Henry’s older brother had married Catherine of Aragon in a state marriage designed to guarantee peaceful relations between England and Spain.  When Henry’s older brother died, the English sought to keep the amicable relations alive by arranging a marriage between Henry and Catherine.  The English got the Pope to approve of the marriage by invoking the Biblical law concerning the Levirate Marriage.  Years later, Henry sought to have the marriage annulled so that he could marry Anne Boleyn.  He claimed that the marriage was a nullity because he had coveted his late brother’s wife and their marriage was a product of sin.  Henry sought support from those most learned in these matters, a group of Italian rabbis.  Regardless of the Halacha involved, the Italian rabbis were loath to anger the Pope who was their “neighbor” in a clash with a monarch living in a distant land in which Jews were forbidden to live.

1585(23rd of Nisan or 3rd of Iyar 5345): Rabbi Moses (Trani) of Safed, author of “Kiryat Sefer” passed away today.

1593:  The first group of Marranos led by Jacob Tirado arrived in Amsterdam, Holland. This group was the first Jews to settle in Amsterdam after the Spanish Expulsion. Moses Uri Halevi soon joined them and helped arrange for prayer services.

1610: Birthdate Alexander VIII.  During his papacy, Alexander was confronted with an unusual request.  Instead of demanding that Jews be banished from their town, the priors of Perugia appealed to Alexander to overrule Pope Innocent X and allow Jews to return to their city. The absence of Jews from the city’s fairs was a having a negative impact on the area’s economy.

1625: Urban VIII issued “Sedes apostolica,” a papal bull concerning “heretical Portuguese Jews.”

1724: Birthdate of German philosopherImmanuel Kant.  Kant may have been one of the giants of the Enlightenment, but from a Jewish point of view, he was an intellectual pygmy. As Michael Mack of Hebrew University wrote, “Kant consistently equated Jewish identity with a host of undesirable traits, including superstition, dishonesty, worldliness and even cowardliness. ‘Every coward is a liar; Jews for example, not only in business, but also in common life,’ Kant noted in a lecture on practical philosophy… All the positive traits of Kantian philosophy (freedom, autonomy, reason) are formed by being contrasted with a negative image of unenlightened humanity, usually taking the form of an anti-Semitic or some other racist caricature. For Kant, motives could only be good if they were not aimed at any material benefit. He saw Judaism as an inherently materialist religion, based upon a quid pro quo between God and His chosen people .In order to fully define the formal structures of his philosophy (autonomy, reason, morality and freedom), Kant almost unconsciously fantasized about the Jews as it’s opposite. He posited Judaism as an abstract principle that does nothing else but, paradoxically, desire the consumption of material goods."

1756(22nd of Nisan, 5516) Eighth Day of Pesach and Yizkor

1762: In Prague, Jonas Jeiteles and his wife gave birth to Talmudist Baruch Ben Jacob Benedict Jeitles, the father of Ignaz Jeiteles.

1769(15th of Nisan, 5529): First Day of Pesach

1770(17th of Nisan): Israel Ben Moses Zamsoc of Brody, author of “Nezah Yisrael” passed away today.

1775(22ndof Nisan, 5535): Eighth Day of Pesach and Shabbat; Yizkor is recited as more American minuteman arrive in Boston to seal the city in what became the siege of Boston.

1777(15th of Nisan, 5537): Celebration begins of the first Pesach in the recently declared independent United States of America.

1783: The Jews sent a petition to Emperor Joseph II which “expressed their gratitude…for his favors and reminding him of his principle that religion should not be interfered with, asked permission to wear beards.

1785: One day after he had passed away, Zvi ben Naphtali was buried today at the “Alderney Road (Globe Rd.) Jewish Cemetery.

1786(24th of Nisan, 5546): Parashat Achrei Mot

1786: In New York, Reyna Ley and Isaac Moses gave birth to Lavinia Moses.

1787: Birthdate of German native Michael Seligman Dettelbacher, the son of Mendel Dettelbacher, the husband of Hindle Rothschild and the father of Marx Hirsch Dettelbacher.

1792: In Philadelphia, PA, Rachel Phillips a descendant from the Nunez family that arrived in Charleston in 1733 and Michael Levy gave birth to Uriah Phillips Levy, the husband of Jamaica native Virginia Lopes and  the first Jewish Commodore in the US. Navy who was instrumental in ending whipping of sailors in the U.S. Navy and who was the “savior of Monticello” the estate of founding father Thomas Jefferson.

https://www.monticello.org/site/research-and-collections/uriah-phillips-levy

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/uriah-phillips-levy

1794(22nd of Pesach, 5554): Eighth Day of Pesach; Yizkor

1794: In Vilnius, a city with a large Jewish population that is home to the Vilna Gaon, Polish and Lithuanian forces rose up against the Russians in what became known as “The Vilnius Uprising of 1794)

1799(17th of Nisan, 5559): Third Day of Pesach; Chol Hamoed Pesach begins for the last time in the 18thcentury.

1796: In Charleston, SC, Kingston, Jamaica native Hannah de Pass, the daughter of Ralph de Pass married Benjamin, Milhado today.

1801: Eleanor Moses Hart and Solomon Cohen where married in Charleston in 1797 gave birth to Isaac S Cohen, the husband of Virginia Jane Davis whom he married a Petersburg, VA in 1840 and with whom he had eleven children all of whom were born in South Carolina.

1813(22nd of Pesach, 5573) Eighth Day of Pesach; Yizkor

1813: As Jews munched matzah, during the War of 1812, the American naval squadron that was to take part on the attack on York, Ontario was preparing to leave Sackets Harbor.

1818(16th of Nisan, 5578): Second Day of Pesach; 1st day of Omer

1818: In Livermore, Martha Benjamin and Israel Washburn burn gave birth to Cadwallader Colden Washburn, the Wisconsin political leader and businessman who founded what became General Mills, one of the companies operating in Judea-Samaria and the brother of Elihu B. Wasburne, the Illinois Congressman who defended U.S. Grant against charges of anti-Semitism.

1822(1st of Iyar, 5582): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1822: Shmuel ben Azreal married Fegele bat Yehuda at the Great Synagogue today.

1826(15th of Nisan, 5586): First Day of Pesach

1833: One day after she had passed away, Sarah (Abrahams) Leigh, the husband of Joseph Leigh was buried today in the “Brady Street Jewish Cemetery.”

1834: Dr. Albert Moses Levy and his wife moved back to Virginia after he had completed his medical training at the University of Pennsylvania. After his wife’s death. Levy would make his way to Texas where he participate in the rebellion against Mexico and become a leading member of the new republic

1837: On Staten Island, Henry Benjamin Nones, the Philadlephia born son of Miriam and Abraham Nones,  and his wife Anna M. Nones gave birth to Samuel Smith Nones

1839(8th of Iyar, 5599): Hannah Montefiore Anconca, the mother of Moses Montefiore Aconca and the wife of Judah Moses Ancona whom she had married in 1887 passed away today after she was buried in the Exeter Jewish Cemetery.

1841: Birthdate of Versailles native and French jurist Edgar Demange, who served as co-counsel during the two trials of Alfred Dreyfus.

1842: Birthdate of Alexander Kohut the Hungarian born American rabbi and orientalist.

1843(22nd of Nisan, 5603): Eighth Day of Pesach and Yizkor

1845(15th of Nisan, 5606): Pesach

1845: Birthdate of Rabbi Jakob Guttmann the native of Beuthen who became the Chief Rabbi at Hildesheim who was the father of Rabbi Julius Guttmann.

1847: “Charles I,” a grand opera with music composed by Fromental Halevy was performed in New Orleans for the first time.

1850: Birthdate of anatomist and embryologist Gustav Born who was the father of Max Born.

1851: Birthdate of Gustav Jacob Born “the German histologist and author whose first wife was Gretchen Kauffman, with whom he had one son – Nobel Prize winning physicist Max Born.

1853: In the House of Commons, following a third reading, the bill removing Jewish disabilities was carried by a majority of 58.

1854: In Maitland, Australia, Julia Solomon and Lewis W. Levy gave birth so Samuel Eleazer Lewish who was also known as Eliot S Levy.

1860: Dr. George B. Cheever delivered an anti-slavery speech tonight at The Church of the Puritans in which he compared slaveholders to the anti-Semitic King John of England who “who, to extort money from a Jew, pulled a tooth every day from out the Hebrew's head until he complied with his demands.”

1861: Philadelphian Abraham who would rise to the rank of Corporal began serving in Company H of the 35th Regiment.

1863(3rd of Iyar, 5623): Fifty-seven year old Gabriel Riesser the first Jewish judge in Germany and an advocate of the emancipation of the Jews in Germany passed away today.

1863(3rd of Iyyar, 5623: Soro Chano Szatan, the mother of Chanokh Heynekh Lewin (Rebbe Reb Heynekh of Aleksander) passed away.  Born in 1779, her husband was Pinchas Lewin who passed away in 1837.

1864(16th of Nisan, 5624): Second day of Pesach; 1st day of the Omer

1864: Captain Ezekiel Levy, his brother Isaac J. Levy and other Jews serving with the 46th Virginia Infantry observed Pesach at their camp in Adams Run, South Carolina, outside of Charleston. On the first day of the holiday they feasted on a “fine vegetable soup” which contained “new onions, parsley, carrots turnips and a young cauliflower … a pound and a half of fresh [kosher] beef, the latter article sells for four dollars per pound in Charleston.”

1865: In Philadelphia, 16 German boys reportedly beat a Jewish named Bernadotte Glischman.  Following the beating, the boys took Glischman to his room where they stuck him with pins.  Glischman said the boys did this to him because he was Jewish and they said that the Jews had killed Christ.

1867: Eve Lipman was buried today at the “Balls Pond Road Jewish Cemetery.”

1868: Birthdate of Friedrich Münzer the “German classical scholar” known “for his demonstrations of how family relationships in ancient Rome connected to political struggles.”

1868: Birthdate of Miles Poindexter, the Senator from Tennessee who was one of only three Republicans to vote for the confirmation of Louis Brandeis as an Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Coutr.

1868: Woolf Elias of Camden, SC, married Emily Weinberg of Charleston, SC.

1870: Birthdate of Vladimir Lenin, who led the Bolshevik Revolution.  Contrary to popular misconception, Lenin was not Jewish. Also, Lenin and the Communists did bring down the Czar.  They overthrew the Kerensky government, the democratic socialists, who had actually ended the three hundred years of Romanov rule. Many people who were born Jews were followers of Lenin.  The most famous was Trotsky.  But Lenin’s impact on the Jewish people far transcended the presence of these individuals. History would prove that Communist Russia was no more hospitable for those who wanted to practice their Judaism than Czarist Russia had been. 

1871(1st of Iyar, 5631): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1871: Bavaria grants equal rights to its Jewish citizens completing the process of emancipation in the German Empire.

1872:  Jews of Bavaria were granted equality

1872(14th of Nisan, 5632): Ta'anit Bechorot; Erev Pesach

1872(14th of Nisan, 5632): “The Feast of Passover: Celebration of Israel’s Delivery From Bondage – Jewish Traditions and Observances” published today states that “At sundown today the people of Israel, wheresoever dispersed over the fact of the earth will begin the celebration of the feast of Pesach or the Passover, one of the most important festivals in the Jewish Calendar.”

1876 In Vienna, “Maria (née Hock), the daughter of a scientist, and Ignác Bárány” a banker who was the son of an Hungarian Jew gave birth to Robert Bárány, who won the Noble Prize for Medicine in 1914.

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/barany.html

1880: In Leadville, CO, the Bush-Trimble Building collapsed.  The building Kaskel & Co, clothing business co-owned by Caesar J. Kaskel and Jacob Michaelis of New York City and managed by Julius W. Kaskel one of the first Jews to settle in Leadville.

1881: It was reported today that an anonymous Jewish donor had sent a basket of flowers to Reverend William A. Barltett of Indianapolis’ Second Presbyterian Church as a token of appreciation for the speech he gave on “the Jewish question.”

1881: Birthdate of Alexander Kerensky, the most prominent leader of the Provisional Government that replaced the government of the Czars.  Kerensky was not Jewish but the failure of the democratic forces that he led certainly had a major impact on the Jews of what would become the Soviet Union.  This short guide does not provide the space for further comment on this major episode in Jewish History.

1881: Visitors at the Hebrew Cemetery at Cypress Hills on Long Island heard shots emanating from the house of the groundskeeper, Max Blecker.  Further investigation led to the discovery of Blocker’s body which had a large wound on the right side of his head and a revolver grasped tightly in his hand.  Reportedly, he had been in ill health and he “told his friends that he would be better off dead.”

1881: It was reported today that Tunisia with a population of about 2 million is of little financial value to the French who seem determined to annex the territory.  The little commercial activity that does exist is primarily in the hands of the 25,000 Jews who make up about a fifth of the population of Tunis.

1882: Birthdate of Jaques Hanak who was deported from Prague to the death camps where he was murdered at the age of 60.

1882: It was reported today, that in Berlin, a committee composed of leading citizens belonging to all religious denominations has raised 100,000 marks to provided assistance for Jews seeking to leave Russia.

1882: It was reported today that reports have reached Vienna confirming the attacks on Jews in towns near Odessa.  In Balta, the riots lasted for two days leaving at least 2,000 Jewish families in ruin.  “The riots almost assumed the character of a struggle for the annihilation of the Jews…”

1883(15th of Nisan, 5643): On the first day of Pesach “The Feast of the Passover” published today reported that “the morning services at” the Jewish “places of worship…will be peculiarly interesting.”

1884: In Nashville, TN, John Schoffner made a full confession to police concerning the murder of Meyer Friedman, a Jew living in Nashville.  According to Schoffner, Meyer Morris organized the killing and that Mrs. Friedman wanted her husband dead because “she did not love him” and he “treated her badly.”

1884: Birthdate of Austrian-born psychoanalyst, Otto Rank. He wrote the first psychoanalytic book by a disciple of Freud. Rank moved to the United States in the 1930’s.  He died at the age of 55, one month after Freud passed away.

1884: New York dentist and founding member of B’nai Israel Dr. Lyon Berhard was laid to rest at Cypress Hill this morning.

1885:  Ninety-six year old Reverend Leonard Withington, the oldest Congregational Clergyman in the United States passed away today.  Withington was a scholar well versed in Hebrew who had written a book entitled “Solomon Songs.”  He was a prime example of the reality that in 19th century America some of the people who were the most knowledgeable about Hebrew as a language were Protestant ministers.

1886: Jess Seligman presided over tonight’s celebration of the second anniversary of the Hebrew Technical Institute which was held at Temple Emanu-El in New York City.  Among the dignitaries attending the event was Carl Schurz, the famous German-American journalist and social reformer who gave the evening’s main address. (The school would remain open until 1939)

1887: It was reported today that two Englishman carrying an American flag recently imprisoned a Jewish merchant from Alcazar Morocco on charges of not paying a debt.  The prisoner was paraded through various towns in chains as he was taken to Tangier.  The event, which took place during Passover, has been condemned by the leading Jews of Tangier who have sought the aid of the local British, French and Portuguese Consuls

1889: In Terre Haute, Indiana, “Max and Theresa (Ravitch) Blumberg gave birth to DePauw University graduate and University of Chicago trained attorney gave birth to Benjamin Blumberg the husband of Fannie Louise Burgheimer who served as an officer realty and investment companies while being a member of Temple Israel and the Temple Israel Men’s Cub.

1889: The Literary Notes column reported that “The Jew in English Fiction” by Rabbi David Philipson will soon be issued by Robert Clarke & Co of Cincinnati, Ohio.  Among the characters discussed are Marlowe’s Jew of Malta, Shakespeare’s Shylock, Cumberland’s Jew, Scott’s Jew in “Ivanhoe”, Dickens’ Jew in “Oliver Twist’ and “Our Mutual Friend”, Disraeli’s in “Coningsby” and “Tancred and George Eliot’s “Daniel Deronda”.  (At the time, Philipson was a young Reform rabbi from Wabash, Indiana)

1889: At high noon, thousands rush to claim land in the Land Run of 1889. Within hours the cities of Oklahoma City and Guthrie are formed with populations of at least 10,000. ‘Jewish settlers began coming to Oklahoma and Indian Territory as early as 1875. The Jewish population grew as Oklahoma blossomed into a boom area, after the famous Land Run of 1889 and statehood in 1907. The early settlers came as peddlers and salesmen and later became shopkeepers and retail merchants. According to the American Jewish Year Book, there were 1,000 Jews in Oklahoma Territory in 1901.” (Courtesy of the Jewish Federation of Greater Oklahoma City)

1890: In the UK, Sir Marcus Samuel, the future Sheriff of the City of London and Lord Mayor of London and the former Fanny Elizabeth Benjamin gave birth to their fourth child and second daughter Ida Marie.

1891(14th of Nisan, 5651): “The Festival of Pesach: It will begin at Sunset To-Night and Last For A Week” published today reported that “all the reform temples and orthodox synagogues will be open for services this evening…and appropriate sermons will be delivered by the spiritual heads of the communities.

http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/24/obituaries/24lerman.html?_r=0

1892: In Brooklyn, Adolph and Deborah (Spaine) Dannenberg gave birth to Oscar Asahel Halevy Dannenberg, the Yale alum and lawyer who served as a Sheriff in Bridgeport, CT.

1893(6th of Iyar, 5653): Chaim Aronson passed away at the age of 77. Born in Lithuania in 1825 when it was part of Russia, Aaronson was a gifted linguist (Hebrew, German, and Russian) with a penchant for invention who went from being a clockmaker to developing a variety of machines including one for making cigarettes and one that was a prototype for a movie camera.  Aronson was a better scholar and engineer than he was a businessman since none of his work brought him commercial success.  His most long lasting contribution was a literary work entitled A Jewish Life under the Tsars: The Autobiography of Chaim Aronson, 1825-1888 that provides a picture of life in the final century of Czarist Russia.

1893: Rabbi Raphael Benjamin delivered a sermon this morning on the subject of the recent blackballing of Theodore Seligman by the Union League.

1893: “Max Judd Objected To” published today described the reasons that the government of Austria provided for refusing to recognize the appointment of Max Judd as Consul General for the United States at Vienna.  The Austrians claim that the refusal is based on that fact the Judd had been born in Austria and “is engaged in the emigration business.” The Austrians claim that the objection has nothing to do with Judd’s religion which is just as well because the U.S. government has said that Mr. Judd’s replacement will not be of Austrian descent, but he will be Jewish.

1894(16th of Nisan, 5654): Second Day of Pesach; 1st

1894: Hyman Blumenthal was arrested on charges that he had deliberately tried to burn down the tenement at 28 East Broadway.

1894: Birthdate of Max Weinreich, the Russian born American linguist and a founder of the Yiddish Institue (YIVO) and author who was “the father of the linguist Uriel Weinreich, who edited the Modern Yiddish-English English-Yiddish Dictionary.”

1894: Rabbi Joseph Silverman delivered a lecture at Temple Emanu-El in New York entitled “The Jewish Passover and Its Modern Message to Jews and Christians” in which he described that observing Passover was “the celebration of the anniversary of the Jewish Independence Day.”

1894: “The Babylonian Element” published today included Professor Archibald Sayce’s comparison of the narratives found on Babylonian Tablets and those found in Genesis which “assume an entirely different complexion in the hands of the Biblical writers” who strip them of their polytheism, accommodate them to the Hebrew point of view and “make them the vehicle of profound religious truths.

1895: It was reported today that the Hebrew Orphan Asylum is providing housing for 700 children at its building at 137thStreet and Amsterdam Avenue.  Trustees Theodore Seligman, Edward Lauterbach and Emanuel Leyman are considering a proposal to raise $250,000 to expand the facility in order to meet increased demand for its services.

1895: “Object To The McCall Bill” published today described the “vigorous protest” of “the American Anti-Semite Association” to the passage of the McCall Educational Test bill and “recommends the passage of the Stone Consular Certificate bill” that “considers as desirable immigrants only those who for five years previous have been actively engaged in agricultural pursuits with their own manual labor.”

1896 (9th of Iyar, 5656): Gustave May passed away today in New York City.  Born in Paris in 1845, he served as Quartermaster General with the forces fighting to protect the Commune at the end of the Fanco-Prussian War.  When the Commune forces were defeated he fled to America with his brother where they started May Brothers, a firm of commission merchants that “was the first to import cigarette papers into the United States. Although born Jewish May saw himself as a “Freethinker” and was active in the French Exile community.  His brother Elie had served as a General in the forces of the Commune.

1896: Cassie Ritter Weil and Adolphus Weil gave birth to Adolphus Leo Weil, Jr who lived at Pennsylvania at the time of his death.

1896: Herzl began a two day journey to Karlsruhe where he was received in audience by Grossherzog (Grand Duke) Friedrich of Baden.  Herzl was heartened by the meeting saying ("Jedenfalls nahm der Grossherzog meine Staatbildung von Anfang an vollkommen ernst." - "In any case, the Grand Duke took my proposed formation of a state quite seriously from the beginning.")

1896: Prince Ferdinand of Bulgaria, cut short his state visit to Russia and left St. Petersburg for Paris so he could attend the funeral of his friend Baron Hirsch.

1896: “Strong Tribute To His Memory” published today provided reminiscences by Oscar S. Straus about the late Baron de Hirsh saying that “it was my good fortune to enjoy the personal acquaintance of Baron de Hirsch” whom he said gave away $25,000,000 to provide relief for Russian Jews which the Baron considered to be the most oppressed people in the world.

1897(20th of Nisan, 5657): Sixth Day of Pesach

1897(20th of Nisan, 5657): Sixty-seven year old Simon Alexander passed away today having lost his 9 month long battle with asthma and heart sickness.  He was an editorial writer for The Hebrew Journaland member of Temple Emanu-El

1897:  In New York City, the world's largest Jewish daily newspaper, "The Forward," was first published. Abraham Cahan, 43, one of its founders, became editor of the paper in 1903, remaining until his death in 1951.  The Forward began as a Yiddish paper.  By the 1930's it was one of the nation's leading dailies with a readership of 275,000 supplemented by a radio audience listening to WVED.  One of its most famous features was the Bintel Briefs, a Yiddish Dear Abby.  The paper shifted its formant and became English weekly in the 1980's.  Later it added a Russian language edition for the new wave of Jewish immigrants. .

1898(30th of Nisan, 5658): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1898(30th of Nisan, 5658): Simon Kayserling passed away. Kayserling was a German born teacher and author.  He was the brother of Meyer Kayserling.  Both brothers were historians.  But Meyer also pursued career in the Rabbinate while Simon followed a more secular career serving on the faculty of the Jewish Free School while writing or translating books about the history of Poland and the history of the Jews living in Spain and Portugal.

1898: N.S. Roenau of the United Hebrew Charities was one of the speakers who addressed a group Yale University students studying Sociology under the direction of Professor William T. Blackman who visited New York City today.

1899: The sixth annual reunion banquet of the Hebrew Technical Institute Alumni Association was held this evening at the Broadway Central Hotel.

1899: Minnie Jacobs and her lawyer Joseph Moss appeared before William J. Youngs, Secretary to the Governor of New York to plead for a pardon for her father, Saul Jacobs.

1900(23rdof Nisan): Author Louis Bein passed away.

1900: District Grand Lodge No. 7 of B’nai Birth which includes the states of Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee and Texas with over 1,700 members opened its 27 convention today in New Orleans.

1900: “Mysterious Murder Leads to Jew Baiting in Prussia” published today described how “the anti-Semites have succeeded in provoking an outbreak of Jew-baiting by exploiting the mysterious murder of Ernst Winter at Konitz as a so-called ritual crime” because as one Berlin newspaper said “the crime is the work Jews who require Christian blood.”

1900: Twenty four year old Jacob Mack married 22 year old Bertha “Birdie” Ronsheim, a native of Cincinnati, Ohio.

1902(15th of Nisan, 5662): On the first day of Passover The New York Times took exception to a letter that Mayor Seth Low had sent to Police Commissioner John N. Partridge advising him not to enforce “blue laws” on Sunday April 20 because Jews needed to shop and conduct such activities as killing chickens as they prepared for their holiday which would begin on Monday evening, April 21.  The Times said that the Mayor’s ruling “was uncalled for” and “was wrong in principle and conclusion. [Editor’s Note: Those of us living in the 21st century with its 24/7 schedule probably have difficulty that power of Sunday closing laws; laws that were enforced well into the closing decades of the 20th century.”

1903: Herzl meets Lord Rothschild who tells him that Edmond de Rothschild is delighted with his plan.

1903: Birthdate of Marcus Polak, the native of Goor who would be murdered at Bergen Belsen.

1904: Birthdate of Robert J. Oppenheimer.  Born in New York, Oppenheimer was the son of a prosperous German-Jewish textile importer and an artistic Baltimore Jewess who died when Oppenheimer was a child.  A renowned physicist, Oppenheimer bordered on the brilliant and enjoyed a wide range of intellectual pursuits.  His claim to fame is the Manhattan Project.  He was the scientific overlord of the American race to develop and build the Atomic Bomb.  After the war, Oppenheimer had reservations about additional military uses of science.  He opposed the building of the Hydrogen Bomb, a project that was brought to a successful conclusion by yet another Jewish scientist, Edward Teller.  Oppenheimer fell victim to the post-War Red Scare and lost his security clearance. Oppenheimer's security clearance was regained during the Kennedy years and his reputation was publicly rehabilitated.  He passed in 1967 at the age of 62.  As to the Jewish influence in his life, consider the following. Prior to the 1930's, Oppenheimer had led the cloistered life of the privileged and the scientist in his ivory tower.  During the 1930's Oppenheimer became involved in liberal and social justice causes.  According to him, the change came about, in part became, "I had had a continuing smoldering fury about the treatment of Jews in Germany,  I had relatives there, and was later to help in extricating them and bringing them to this country...I began to participate more fully in the life of the community." 

1906: In Montreal, Shlomo Chaim Caplan and Chaya Bluma Routtenberg gave birth to Jonah Ephraim Caplan the Yeshiva University graduate who had come to the United States in 1924 served as the rabbi at several congregations including one Astoria, NY and was “active in the Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations.

1908: Birthdate of Leonard Schapiro, the native of Glasgow, Scotland “who spend in his childhood in Riga and St. Petersburg but returned to Britain with his parents in 1920 where he carved out a career in economics and political studies that led to his being named Professor of Political Science at the London School of Economics.

1909: Twenty eight year old Benjamin Winter, Sr., the Lodz born son of Michael and Beatrice Oshner Winter, who in 1901 came to the United States where he went from painting apartment buildings to becoming a real estate mogul who lost forty million dollars while going bankrupt during the Depression and then making it all back and more just before his death, today married Dora Nissel with whom he had

four children – Marvin, Beatrice, Ethel and Natalie.

.1909: In Turin, Italy, Adamo Levi, an engineer, and Adele Montalcini, a painter, both Italian Jews who traced their roots to the Roman Empire gave birth to Rita Levi-Montalcini, winner of the 1986 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine. (As reported by Benedict Carey)

https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0891/0192/products/b95034f8f6ef4ed632eaff7044c41e91_2048x2048.gif?v=1448135295

1910: Today Rabbi Haim (Henry) Pereira Méndez, President of the Union of Orthodox Congregations wrote a letter to New York Mayor William Gaynor on behalf of the Orthodox congregations in the United States and Canada thanking him for his letter rejecting the request of Rev. Thomas M Chalmers for a license to “preach for the conversion Jews” on street corners in some of the city’s most heavily “Jewish” communities.  Mendez expressed his appreciation for the tone of the letter which was sympathetic to the Jewish people and said that he would work with the Christian ministers to lift the level of modern society to a level closer to that expressed by Judaism and Christianity.

1910: Rabbi Hyman Gerson Enelow completed his service as The Temple“Louisville, Kentucky Jewish weekly that firs appeared in July of 1909.

1912: The Wage Earner's League for Woman Suffrage held a major rally at New York's Cooper Union. Clara Lemlich, Rose Schneiderman, and three others founded the League which sought to encourage working women to join the political process as well as to agitate for the right to vote. Lemlich, a shirtwaist maker, became the League's vice president. Drawing on their background in the Socialist movement, the founders of the Wage Earners' League emphasized the special concerns of working women. They argued in speeches and pamphlets that women needed the vote in order to secure basic human rights like safe working conditions. In doing so, League leaders came into conflict with both Socialist men and middle-class women. The men who counted on female allies in Socialist causes bluntly suggested that suffrage activists return to their kitchens. Middle-class women showed their class bias in suggesting that their wealth and education made them more capable activists than these working women. Wary of having their specific concerns sidestepped, League members agreed that any woman could join their group, but that only workers could vote, ensuring that working women would remain in control of the League's agenda and tactics. Today’s rally at Cooper Union brought together thousands of cheering women to listen to arguments for women's suffrage. The location was symbolic; Cooper Union was the site of the rally that had kicked off the "Uprising of the 20,000," one of the first and most influential strikes of industrial garment workers, just three years before. Despite a large and enthusiastic turnout at the rally, the League dissolved soon afterward. Lacking a full-time organizer and a steady source of funding, the League ceased to be active. Schneiderman went on a speaking tour for another suffrage organization; her colleagues likewise turned their energies to other groups. Ultimately, the fight for suffrage would depend on alliances across class and gender lines.

1912: In London, those attending a “meeting of the East End Jewish shopkeepers” passed a “resolution petitioning the local Borough Council to grant Jewish East End traders an exemption under the Shops Act.”

1912: The Eastern Council of Reform Rabbis, whose purpose was “to offer a reaffirmation of the member’s faith in the permanent character and value to Israel and to the world of Liberal or Reform Judaism” was organized today.

1913(15thof Nisan, 5673): Pesach

1913(15thof Nisan, 5673): Seventy-four year old “manufacturer” Gabriel Hirsch passed away today in Philadelphia.

1913: Rabbi Tobias Schanfarber is scheduled to lead Passover services this morning at K.A.M. Temple in Chicago, Illinois

1913: Founding of Beth Aaron Synagogue in Minneapolis, MN.

1913: Jacob Adler and Sara Adler are scheduled to begin a week long run at the Haymarket Theatre where he will perform “Style” by Abraham Shomer.

1914: In the Netherlands, Professor Arnold Hendrik and Lucretia de Hartog gave birth to author Jan de Hartog who wrote “Skipper Next to God” in which Wolfe Barzell’s performance provided the inspiration for his nephew Emanuel “Manny” Azenberg to become interested in theatre; an interest that would lead to a thirty-three relationship with playwright Neil Simon.

1915:”An application for a commutation of Leo Frank's death sentence was submitted to a three-person Prison Commission in Georgia.”

1915: During WW I, at Ypres, the Germans used gas for the first time on the battlefield.

1915(8thof Iyar, 5675): David S. Lehman, the native of Portsmouth, Ohio, the husband of the former Alma Schlesinger, the son-in-law or Rabbi Max Schlesinger of Albany, NY and the Vice President of the National Jewish Hospital for Consumptives died in Denver today “form intestinal trouble after several months’ of illness.

1915: “Seventy Jews” who are seeking to emigrate to America or Australia arrived in Alexandria today from Jerusalem and described the “terrible economic situation” with flour costing fifteen dollars a sack, potatoes being sold for “six times the ordinary cost” and the appearance of huge swarms of locusts.

1916(19thof Nisan, 5676): Fifth day of Pesach; Shabbat

1916: It was reported today that Dr. Straus a native of Germany now living in New York provided the $25,000 to start the Alpha and Omega Publishing Company which will published The American Jewish Chronicle, a weekly publication that will serve as an advocate for the rights of European Jews after the World War comes to an end.

1916:  Birthdate of Yehudi Menuhin famed violin virtuoso and conductor. He passed away in March, 1999 at the age of 83.

1917(30thof Nisan, 5677) Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1917: Rabbi Samuel Schulman is scheduled deliver a talk on “The War and Religion” at Temple Beth-El.

1917: At Carnegie Hall, the Free Synagogue is scheduled to host “Tenth Anniversary Exercise” that will include a sermon by Rabbi Wise on “Is the Free Synagogue Worthwhile?”

1917: Dr. Silverman is scheduled to deliver a talk on “What the Jews Have Done for the World” at Temple Emanu-El.

1917: “Students from Adelphi College, College of the City of New York, Columbia Univesity, Hunter College and New York University” attended “the second annual dinner of the Menorah Society in Greater New York” which was held this evening at the Hotel Netherland in New York City

1917: In Cardiff, Wales, “solicitor and cinema owner” Rudolf Abse gave birth to Leo Abse, the husband of Marjorie Davis with whom he had two children – Tobias and Bathsheba – who was a lawyer and a 30 Welsh Labour Member of Parliament who promoted laws to liberalize divorce and decriminalize homosexual behavior.

1917: Professor Philip Boas of Whitman University delivered a speech entitled “Youth and Judaism” at the Spring Assembly of the Eastern Council of Reform Rabbis at Temple Emanu-El this evening in which he “said that he did not believe that Jewish youths were deserting the synagogue.”  “He asserted there signs of greater consciousness of Judaism among the young than there were ten years ago, but the youth wanted to see resulted and wanted to see how religion was benefiting the world.”

1917: “The American Jewish Historical Society began its 25th convention today at the Hotel Ansonia.

1917: Max J. Kohler, the son of the President the Hebrew Union College, presented a paper on “Jewish Rights at the Congress of Vienna” today.

1917: Dr. Cyrus Adler, Oscar S. Straus, Dr. Jacob H. Hollander and Daniel P. Hayes spoke at this evening’s reception hosted by the Judean Society under the leadership of its President, Dr. Henry M. Leipziger for members of the American Jewish Historical Society.

1917: Jacob H. Schiff, a long-time opponent of creating a “Jewish nation in Palestine” delivered a speech at a meeting of the League of the Jewish Youth of America at the Century Theatre in which expressed his support for the creation of a “center for Jewish culture” in Palestine because he believed “in the Jewish people, in the mission of the Jewish people” and in the need for a place where “Jewish culture might be further and developed, unhampered by the materialism of the world.”

1918: Austrian native Nettie Kinsbruner, the daughter of Shmuel Meyer Stettner and Rachel Stettner and her husband David (Aubie) Kinsbruner gave birth to Beatrice, the sister of American college basketball star Mac Kinsbrunner.

1918: Birthdate of Solomon Aaron Berson, the New York born physician who worked with Rosalyn Yallow on “major advances in clinical biochemistry.”

1919(22ndof Nisan, 5679): Eighth Day of Pesach

1919: I. Edwin Goldwasser, the executive director of the Federation for the support of Jewish Philanthropic Societies is scheduled to lecture on “Co-ordination in Jewish Philanthropy” at this evening’s meeting of the Council of Jewish Women at the Sinai Center in Chicago.

1919: Jacob H. Schiff, Abram I.Elkus and Dr. Stephen S. are scheduled to speak at the reception for the Earl of Reading sponsored by the Judaeans which will be presided over by President Samson Lachman

1920: During the San Remo Conference, Chaim Weizmann has a private meeting with Lloyd George and Lord Balfour during which he presses the British leaders “for a civil administration in Palestine, run by the British under a League of Nations mandate.  This stood in stark contrast with the French leaders who did not want the Balfour Declaration to be part of the peace treaty with the Ottomans. 

1920: In Washington, the Tacoma News Tribunereported that Leach Cross (born Louis Charles Wallach” whose boxing nickname was “The Fighting Dentist” “had signed with Universal Pictures in Los Angeles to appear in an 18-episode serial entitle “The Vanishing Dagger.”

1921(14thof Nisan, 5681):Ta’anit Bechorot; Erev Pesach

1921: Today, as Englishman who “believed in the Jewish origin of the British Royal Family” considered Saeki Yoshiro’s theory of the Jewish origins of the Japanese people, Israel’s Messenger carried a letter from former lady-in-waiting Elizabeth A. Gordon.

1921: In Manhattan, Minna (Harlib) Koenig and Judge Morris Koenig gave birth to Dartmouth undergraduate and Columbia Law School trained attorney Julian Norman Koenig the WW II Army veteran and creative advertising man credit with coming up with the campaign for the Volkswagen Beetle and Earth Day, which was first celebrated for the first time on his 49th birthday. (As reported by William Yardley)

https://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/18/business/julian-koenig-who-sold-americans-on-beetles-and-earth-day-dies-at-93.html



1922: The national board of Hadassah voted "no confidence" in the leadership of ZOA President Louis Lipsky.

1923: In Manhattan, novelist Paul Hervey Fox and “the former Elsie de Sola” gave birth to novelist Paula Fox.

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/03/books/paula-fox-dead.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=1

1925: In Sosnowiec, Poland, Herschel Krysztal, an accountant and the former Dora Grossman gave birth to Henyek Krysztal who gained famed as psychiatrist Dr. Henry Krystal. (As reported by Sam Roberts)

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/15/science/henry-krystal-holocaust-trauma-expert-dies-at-90.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

 1926: In Milwaukee, Wisconsin, “Russian Jewish immigrants Esther (née Ottenstein), who was a childhood friend of Israeli Prime Minister Golda Meir, and Meyer Lubotsky, a retail tire business owner gave birth to Charlotte Rae Lubotsky who gained fame as Emmy nominated actress Charlotte Rae and the mother of Larry Straus who co-authored her autobiography The Facts of My Life.

https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/06/obituaries/charlotte-rae-dead.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

1928:  In Dallas Texas, David Sperling, “a tailor who had changed his surname from Spurling to Spelling” and his wife Pearl Wald, both of whom were Russian Jewish immigrants gave birth to SMU graduate “Aaron Spelling, the TV executive producer who gave us “Charlie's Angels.”

https://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/24/arts/television/24spelling.html

1928: Banker Jacques Stern who had run “on the Left Republic List” began serving as a deputy for the Dinge “district of Bassess-Alpes” today.

1928: Following Hadassah President Irma Levy Lindheim’s recent declaration that the administration of the ZOA was "not an effective instrument for the achievement of world Zionist aims for the up-building of Palestine" today the National Board of Hadassah registered a vote of no confidence in the leadership of ZOA President Louis Lipsky.

1930: Release date for the all-star revue “Paramount on Parade” written by Joseph Mankiewicz and co-produced by Jesse Lasky, Adolph Zucker, Albert S. Kaufman and B.P. Schulberg.

1930: In Manhattan, The Warner Bros. Hollywood Theatre which was later re-named The Mark Hellinger Theatre, opened today.

1931:JBI International was founded as the Jewish Braille Institute of America

1932(16thof Nisan, 5692): Second Day of Pesach; first day of the Omer is observed for the last time during the Presidency of Herbert Hoover, who without fanfare or controversy, appointed the second Jewish Supreme Court Associate Justice.

1933(26thof Nisan, 5693): Parashat Shmini

1933(26th of Nisan, 5693):  A Jewish merchant, Salomon Rosenstrauch was shot dead in Wiesbaden, Germany.

1933: In Nazi Germany, the government adopted measures excluding Jewish students from school.

1933: “A conference of executive directors of Y.M.H.A.’s, Y.W H.A’s and Jewish Community Centers” is scheduled to begin this evening at the 92ndStreet Y.

1933(26thof Nisan, 5693): Fifty-nine year old Sándor Ferenczi, the “son of Baruch - Bernát Ferenczi and Róza Frenkel” and “husband of Gizella Palos – Propper” passed away today.

1934: Cleveland E. Dodge, President of the of the Greater New York Y.M.C.A. and Judge Irving Lehman, President of the Jewish Welfare Board are scheduled to two of the speakers at the is evening’s dinner at the Hotel Commodore at the anniversary dinner of the Young Men’s and Young Women’s Hebrew Association of the Bronx.

1935: In Los Angeles, the premier of “Bride of Frankenstein,” the sci-fi thriller” produced by Carl Laemmle, Jr and filmed by cinematographer Franz Waxman.

1936(30th of Nisan, 5696): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1936: “As the racial rioting stormed in its third week, a communique issued by the (British) police declared that masses of Arabs were still attacking Jewish settlements” including at “Hatikvah Settlemet” and “Shechunath Areyh, midway between Tel Aviv and Petach Tikvah” were “Jews successfully defended the settlement until police arrived and beat off the invaders.”

1936: “At Jenin, on the main highway to Jerusalem, a large crowd of Arab villagers help up and stone Jewish buses, wounding two passengers.”

1936: Rabbi Stephen S. Wise, national chairman of the United Palestine Appeal announced today that the Palestine Foundation Fund and the Jewish National Fund had sent $100,000 to Palestine” from funds that were being collecting in the United States for the settlement of Jews from German, Poland and countries in Palestine.

1936: “At 5 o’clock this morning a Jewish-owned cardboard factory near Tel Aviv was burned by Arabs.”

1936: “A Jewish merchant in the old city of Jerusalem who tried to open his shop was beaten by young Arab agitators and forced to close.”

1937(11thof Iyar, 5697): Ninety-four year old Albany, NY native Simon Wolfe Rosendale the New York State Attorney General who was the first Jew elected to a state-wide office in “the Empire State” and who was active in Jewish communal affairs even though he was an anti-Zionist passed away today.

http://enacademic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/10075964

1937(11thof Iyar, 5697): Sixty-seven year old Mrs. Marcus M. Marks (Esther Friedman), the “widow of the Borough President of Manhattan” who was also called by some “the father of day-light saving plans” passed away today.

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=9502E7D6133AE23ABC4B51DFB266838C629EDE

1938(21stof Nisan, 5698): Seventh Day of Pesach.

1938: “Nazis prohibit Aryan 'front-ownership' of Jewish businesses.”

1938: It was reported today that a “lawyer’s group” to raise funds for the American Ort Foundation “was formed at meeting in the office former Judge Grossman” and a “dentists group” was formed at offices on offices at 212 Fifth Avenue where “Dr. John L. Kaufman was elected chairman.”

1939: Birthdate of Uri Orr, the native of Kfar Haim who rose to the rank of general in the IDF before pursuing a political career that included serving as an MK and Deputy Minister of Defense.

1939: “Dark Victory,” a melodrama produced by David Lewis, with music by Max Steiner was released today in the United States.

1939: “The Greek cattle boat Assimi which attempted to land 263 illegal Jewish immigrants” in Palestine “twelve days ago was ordered to leave Haifa tonight.”    When the police announced the decision, “the passengers tore off their clothing and screamed that they would rather be killed than be sent back to sea. Some prayed and recited psalms. When the Jewish residents of Haifa heard the screams and prayers aboard the Assimi” they spontaneously proclaimed a strike that took hold throughout the city.  Protesters carried signs reading ‘Open the gates to the Jewish illegals’ and ‘Down with the barbaric attitude toward illegals. The captain had been fined and imprisoned for his role in bringing the Jews to Palestine. To add insult to injury the captain had been fined and imprisoned for his role in bringing the Jews to Palestine.

1940(14th of Nisan, 5700): The Sommer family sits down to their first Seder in Liechtenstein.  How this family of German Jewish refugees from Munich came to be there was chronicled by Susi Pugatsch-Sommer in an article entitled “A Pesach Miracle in Nazi Germany.”



My family - my parents Binyamin and Friedl Sommer, myself (13) my sister Ella (10), my brother Alfred (7), and my grandmother, Rachel - lived in temporary quarters in Munich, after our home had been confiscated by the Nazi daily newspaper, Völkischer Beobachter in 1939. My father had been arrested and incarcerated in the Dachau Camp in 1938 for a short time. Once he was released, he realized that he and the family had to leave Germany as quickly as possible, but he could not find a way to get out. In November 1939, my father left home for a few days, and hid the forest near Munich, since he was informed that the Nazis would arrest all male Jews again and send them to a concentration camp. By chance, he met a man in the forest who identified himself only as an engineer. This man told him that he could arrange an entry permit into neutral Liechtenstein only if he had enough money to open a building materials factory and pay salaries to 100 workers, since unemployment was high in Liechtenstein. My father agreed immediately, since he had no other option to save our lives. Miraculously, we received visas for Liechtenstein in the beginning of April 1940, in the middle of World War II, our passes to relative safety. We had 14 days to leave Germany, and each person was allowed to take one suitcase and 10 reichmarks. We boarded the train in Munich three days before Pessah. We were frisked at the German border and after the Nazis didn't find anything forbidden, were allowed to cross the border to Liechtenstein on foot. We were completely exhausted when we arrived in Vaduz, Liechtenstein, and went to sleep in a simple hotel. We did not know if there were any Jewish families in Liechtenstein, and we had no idea how we would keep Pessah properly and buy matzot. Then our next miracle happened. The following morning, as we wandered around town, a young girl stopped us and asked if we were Jewish and if she could help us. Immediately, she introduced us to her parents and some other Jewish families. The Schönwalder family invited us into their home, to their Seder and we continued to have all our meals and prayers there during the week of Pessah. We continued to reside in Liechtenstein for 10 years. At this time, only 40 to 50 Jews lived there. I met with the Schönwalders' daughter, Edith, almost every day, and she is still a very good friend of mine. Today, we both live in Israel. I'll never forget the miracle that happened to us - my father's chance meeting with the engineer, an emigration visa in the midst of the war, and the wonderful families who helped us celebrate Pessah as religious Jews.



1940:  SS official Odilo Globocnik announced a plan to increase the use of Jewish forced labor and to establish separate work camps for Jewish men and women.

1940: Detroit Tigers Pitcher Dick Conger appeared in his first major league baseball game.

1940: Ten members of the staff of Ben Shemen Youth village, including the director are sentenced to serve prison terms of up to seven years. The British had raided Ben Shemen in January and found weapons belonging to the Haganah. The prison sentences were for their role in hiding the weapons.

1941: Birthdate of Israeli Amir Pnueli an Israeli scientist who developed a “critical technique for verifying the reliability of computers.”

1941: “The Lady from Louisana,” produced and directed by Bernard Vorhaus  son of an American “lawyer of Jewish-Austrian extraction” was released today in the United States.

1942: U.S. premiere of “Saboteur,” a WW II spy thriller with a screenplay co-authored by Peter Viertel and Dorothy Parker.

1943: “We Will Never Die” was performed in Philadelphia's Convention Hall, with guest stars Claude Rains and Edward G. Arnold in the lead roles. More than 15,000 people attended--it was the largest Jewish public event in the city in many years — and it received extensive coverage in the local press.

(As reported by Jewish Virtual Library)

1943:  The Nazis deported the Jews of Amersfoort, Holland.

1943: Day four of the Warsaw Ghetto uprising.

1943:  In New York City, Daniel Gluck, the inventor, along with his brother-in-law Sundel Doniger, of the X-Acto Knife and his wife gave birth to Louise Elisabeth Gluck the American Pulitzer Prize winning poet who “was appointed Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress in 2003, after serving as a Special Bicentennial Consultant three years prior in 2000.”

1944: It was reported today that Secretary of the Treasury, Henry Morgenthau, Jr. has announced that “principles on which a program for world currency stabilization can be based have been agreed on by most of the experts of some thirty Allied and associated nations” marking a major step forward in creating a stable economic for a post-war world which will be critical to “winning the peace.”

 1945: The Big Red One, whose members included Samuel Fuller, “finished clearing the Harz Mountains” before turning south to join up with the U.S. Third Army.

1945: Sidney Bernstein, a cinema entrepreneur, had been an advisor to the Ministry of Information since 1940 who producing “German Concentration Camps Factual Survey,” “the official British documentary film on the Nazi Concentration Camps”visited the Bergen Belsen concentration camp today a week after it was liberated by British forces.”

1945:  Six hundred of the remaining inmates at Jasenovac Concentration Camp rose up against their Croatian killers.  The Croatians killed over five hundred of them.  This camp was located in a breakaway republic from Yugoslavia called Coratia.  The Croatians ran the camp for their Axis allies and were responsible for the deaths of tens of thousands of Jews.  For those of you who remember the fighting in the 1990's in Yugoslavia, you will now understand that genocide is no stranger to the Balkans. Only a thousand Jews and Serbs remained. Tens of thousands of them were killed over the past five years. Six hundred rose in revolt. The Germans killed 520 of them.

1945:  The Soviet Army liberated the Concentration Camp at Sachsenhausen in Germany.  The camp was about 35 kilometers from Berlin and was established in 1938.  Approximately thirty to thirty-five thousands people including Jews perished in the camp.

1945: Birthdate of Donald E. Graham, the grandson of Eugene Meyer and the son of Katherine Graham

1946: Opening of Kibbutz Beitar in Bruna.

1946: Associate Justice Felix Frankfurter joined the Chief Justice and another Associate Justice in dissenting in Girouard v. United States – a case involving a the application of a pacifist for naturalization.

1946:  Composer Ezra Laderman was discharged from the U.S. Army today. He then studied composition under Stefan Wolpe of New York and Miriam Gideon of Brooklyn College where he earned his B.A.in 1950. He then went on to study under Otto Luening of Columbia University where he earned his M.A. in 1952.

1947: Another 769 illegal Jewish immigrants arriving on board the Galata in Eretz Israel were trans-shipped to Cyprus.

1948(13th of Nisan, 5708): Sixty-six year old San Luis Obispo, CA native and Harvard Ph.D. Barry Cerf, the husband of Emily Cerf with whom he raised three children including “Edward Owen Cerf, an editor of Time magazine” and who has been a Professor of Literature at Reed College since 1921 where he wrote “his best known work, Anatole France,” passed away today in Portland.

1948: Operation Misparayim (scissors) was launched by the Haganah as part of the Yishuv’s attempt to assume control of Haifa after British withdrawal and attacks had been made by Arab forces to control this port city.  By the end of the day, Haifa was in the hand of the mainline Zionist forces.

1949: Writing in Haaretz, Arye Gelblum described immigrants from North Africa as dirty, disease ridden and prone to drunkenness and prostitution.

1949: The NBC Television Network broadcast the final episode of the panel show “Stop Me If You’ve Hear this One” on which Morey Amsterdam, Lew Lehr and Benny Rubin appeared as regular panelists.

1949: Hebrew University reopened in temporary quarters in west Jerusalem

1950: Tonight, after the end of Shabbat, Israel began the celebration of her second year of independence.  In his address to the nation, President Weizmann called upon Israelis “to celebrate in joy and happiness the great salvation wrought to our people after centuries of exile and affliction.”  In Jerusalem, Joseph Sprinzak, Speaker of the Knesset, lit a torch on Mt. Herzl which lit from fire provided by veterans of the Masada Battalion which had defended Jerusalem from attacks by Egyptians and Arab Irregulars during the dark days of the siege of the City of David. Similar festivities took place throughout the country including open air performances, torch light parades and the sounding of sirens by ships of many nations docked in Israel’s major ports.

1950: In Germany, Holocaust survivors Joseph and Elizabeth Wilf gave birth to real estate developer Zygmunt “Zygi” Wilf who bought the Minnesota Vikings football team in 2005

1951: Philadelphia Athletics first baseman Lou Limmer played in his first major league baseball game.

1952(27th of Nisan, 5712): Yom HaShoah

1952(27th of Nisan, 5712): Forty-nine year old Jakob Rosenfeld the Lemberg born Jewish doctor who survived Dachau and Buchenwald and gained fame as General Luo, the Minister of Health under Chairman Mao, passed away today. (Editor’s note – an exciting life like is certainly worthy of a biography and a NETFLIX series)

https://ww2db.com/person_bio.php?person_id=302

https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3330950,00.html

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that the "past seven days was the bloodiest week along Israeli borders for a long time." Two Israelis were murdered at Mevuot Betar, the marauders were active in the South, in Galilee and Jerusalem. There was a general outcry when General Bennet L. de Ridder, the U.N. Chairman of the Israel-Jordan Mixed Armistice Commission refused to comply with the Israeli request to call an emergency meeting of the Commission to discuss the latest developments and, in particular, the murder of Zvi Genauer and his niece, Dvora, in Jerusalem. This incomprehensible U.N. decision was taken despite the fact that the tracks of the three marauders, responsible for this murder, were discovered by an U.N. observer and an Israeli officer who noted that they led to the Jordanian-occupied village of Beit Iksa. The General claimed that it was not the duty of his Commission to deal with incidents "of this type."



1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that Israel's three-years-long land survey, conducted by the Ministry of Agriculture, had almost been completed.

1953: Herman Pekarsky, the director of the Jewish Community Council of Essex County, NJ, was among the speakers at the 25th birthday celebration held at the Park Sheraton, honoring The Welcome Wagon organization.

1953: Birthdate of Steve Bond, the native of Haifa who gained fame while appearing in the soap opera General Hospital.

1953: “It Happens Every Thursday” a comedy directed by Joseph Pevney, produced by Leonard Goldstein and with music by Herman Stein was released today in the United States.

1954(19thof Nisan, 5714): Fifth Day of Pesach

1954(19thof Nisan, 5714: Sixty-nine year old Congressman, NY State Supreme Court Justice and accused Soviet Spy, Samuel Dickstein, the Vilna born son “Rabbi Israel Dickstein and Slata B. Gordon” passed away today.

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/samuel-dickstein

http://collections.americanjewisharchives.org/ms/ms0008/ms0008.html

https://spartacus-educational.com/Samuel_Dickstein.htm

1954: Leo Lerman, the Jewish editor and writer for such glossy fashion magazines as Vogue, Mademoiselle and Vanity Fairmet famed American author William Faulkner for the first time.

1954:  The so-called Army-McCarthy Hearings began. These hearings, which helped bring an end to McCarthy’s abuse of power was triggered by two of his Jewish supporters.  One was the powerful Roy Cohn, the McCarthy Committee’s chief counsel.  The other was Cohn’s close friend, G. David Schine. 

1955(30th of Nisan, 5715): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1955(30th of Nisan, 5715): Sixty-five year old Columbia alum and Rochester School of Optometry Dr. Joseph Irving Pascal, the son of Lithuanian rabbi Chaim Hochstein and Celia Rubinson passed away today.

https://www.ajo.com/article/0002-9394(55)92142-5/pdf

1955: ABC broadcast the final episode of “Where’s Raymond,” the sit-com produced by Stanley Shapiro.

1958: “Jordanian soldiers shot and kill two fishermen near Aqaba.”

1960: In Quebec, Dr. Harry J. Stern led the services dedicating the new home of Temple Emanu-El-Beth Sholom, the oldest Reform or Liberal congregation in Canada.

http://www.templemontreal.ca/

1961: Lucille Ball collapsed while performing in “Wildcast” the musical with lyrics by Carolyn Leigh and music by Cy Coleman.

1963(28th of Nisan, 5723): Yom HaSh

1970: Arthur Krock “was presented with the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Richard Nixon.”

1971(27th of Nisan, 5731): Yom HaShoah

1971(27th of Nisan, 5731): Seventy-two year old Joseph Ginsburg the father of French entertainer Serge Gainsbourg passed away today.

1973:Birthdate of Ofer Talker, the native of Ashdod who gained fame playing football for several teams the last of which was Hapoel Kfar Saba from which he retired in 2009.

1973: Birthdate of Delmar, NY native Anita Lynn Kaplan, the 6’5” center on the Stanford University Basketball team who played professionally for the San Jose Laser and Chicago Condors and was released by the WNBA Cleveland Rockers before league play began.

1974: Israeli political leader Amir Peretz was severely injured in accident at the Mitla Pass.

1975:  Barbara Walters signed a five-year $5 million contract with the American Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), becoming the highest paid television newsperson.

1975: Eighty-two year old Sir Godfrey Rolles Driver the Old Testament scholar who was a Professor of Semitic Philology at Oxford whose expertise included a knowledge of the Semitic languages of the Biblical period passed away today.

http://www.theologicalstudies.org.uk/article_driver_bruce.html

1976(22ndof Nisan, 5736): Eighth Day of Pesach observed for the last time during the Presidency of Gerald Ford.

1977:  Shimon Peres became premier of Israel.

1977: “The Late Show,” a mystery co-starring Bill Macy was released today in the United States.

1978:  In Paris, France, Izhar Cohen & Alphabeta won the twenty-third Eurovision Song Contest for Israel by singing "A-ba-ni-bi".

1978:  The Jerusalem Post reported that an agreement was reached to end the 18-days-long El Al lockout which had already cost the national airline more than IL100m, and the tourist industry hundreds of millions more.

1978:  The Jerusalem Post reported that Israel won the Eurovision Song Contest for the first time with an entry called "A-Ba-Ni-Bi". Israel scored 157 points, Belgium 121 and France 119.

1978: After six seasons, CBS broadcast the final episode of “Maude” a sitcom created by Norman Lear and starring Beatrice Arthur in the title role.

1979(25th of Nisan, 5739): Shamir Kuntar was part of a cell that raided the northern Israeli town of Nahariya, fatally shooting a civilian, Danny Haran, while his daughter Einat, 4, watched, then smashing the girl’s head, killing her as well. Mr. Haran’s wife, Smadar, hid with their 2-year-old daughter, accidentally suffocating her in an effort to stop her from crying out.

1981: Birthdate of Parisian native and baritone opera singer David Serero who was responsible for creating a version “Cyrano De Bergerac,” that features “Sephardi and jazz standards.”

1982(29thof Nisan, 5742): Eighty-two year old Irish film director and actor Harold Goldblatt passed away today.

1982: “Six refuseniks in Odessa joined the hunger strike begun by Kiev refuseniks on March 15th.”

1984: In Israel Al HaMishmar published the first report of allegations that the hijackers of Bus 300 had been shot after being captured.

1985: According to Israeli businessman Yaacov Nimrodi, today was the day when a chartered merchant ship, the Westline, was scheduled to leave Eilat filled with weaponry for Iran as part of a deal that Americans would come to know as Iran-Contra.

1985: The United States Trade Representative and the Israeli Minister of Industry and Trade signed a Free Trade Agreement today that “eliminated all duties and virtually all other restrictions on trade in goods between” their two respective countries.

1988: U. S. premiere of “White Mischief” directed by Michael Radford who co-authored the screenplay.

1988: “Permanent Record,” the highly praised drama directed by Marisa Silver was released today in the United States.

1988: “Two Moon Junctions,” directed by Zalman King who co-authored the screenplay was released today in the United States.

1989(17thof Nisan, 5749): Third Day of Pesach

1989(17thof Nisan, 5749): Eighty-four year old Emilio Gino Segrè the Italian refugee who was part of the Manhattan Project and who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1989 passed away today.

http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1959/segre-bio.html

1990: At the Royale Theatre, after 476 performances the curtain came down on the original Broadway of “Lend Me a Tenor" produced by Jerry Zaks and featuring Tova Feldshuh and Victor Garber

1991(8thof Iyar, 5751): Eighty-one year old Judah Bergman, the London born boxer known was Jack Kid Berg “who became the World Light Welterweight Champion in 1930” passed away today in his hometown.



1991:  Shalom America (Jewish cable network) was launched in Brooklyn & Queens.

1993:  The Holocaust Memorial Museum was dedicated in Washington, D.C.  There is no way to do this justice.  For more information see http://www.ushmm.org/.

1993(1stof Iyar 5753): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1993(1stof Iyar, 5753): Miles Lerhman served as chairman of the Holocaust Memorial Museum from its opening today until 2000, eight years before his death in 2008 at the age of 88.

http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/24/obituaries/24lerman.html?_r=0

1994: “Chasers” a comedy featuring Betty Schram as “Flo” was released in the United States today.

1994: “The Inkwell,” a romantic comedy produced by Irving Azoff was released today in the United States

1994(11thof Iyar, 5754): Dr. Lewis Barth, Professor of Midrash and Related Literature at HUC-JIR in Los Angeles delivered the 1994 Rabbi Max Nussbaum Memorial Lecture.

 http://bcf.usc.edu/~lbarth/nussbaum/nussbaum.html

1994:  Richard Nixon, 37th President of the United States passed away.  Nixon's relations with Jews and the Jewish community ranged from uneven to stormy.  In his first campaign for the U.S. Senate, Nixon supporters smeared his opponent with the tar brush of anti-Semitism.  Nixon did have Jews working on White House Staff.  He  was frustrated by is inability to gain support among Jewish voters and some of his comments on the White House tapes about Jews are, to be charitable, less than complimentary.  At the same time, in 1973, he came through for Israel.  Thanks to Nixon, the Americans conducted a mammoth airlift of supplies that enabled the IDF to turn the tide after the Arab sneak attack and gain a military victory in the Yom Kippur War.

1995:  Yagil Amir, who had sworn to kill Prime Minister Rabin, unsuccessfully tried to enter a hall in Jerusalem where Rabin was present as the guest of honor.

1995(22ndof Nisan, 5755): 8th Day of Pesach

1995(22ndof Nisan, 5755): Ninety-two year old Sir Horace Kadoorie, scion of the Kdoorie family that migrated from Baghdad to Mumbai to Hong Kong passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/1995/04/26/obituaries/horace-kadoorie-philanthropist-92.html

1997(15th of Nisan, 5757): Pesach



1997: ‘Déjà Vu,” an “American dramatic romance film directed by Henry Jaglom” was released in the United States today.

1998: Five days after premiering in the United States, “Paulie” a fantasy film co-starring Hallie Eisenberg was released in Germany today.

1999(6th of Iyar, 5759): Seventy-one year old Matthew A. Margolis the Akron, OH born son of Elias H. Margolis and Dora Margolis passed away today in his home town.

1999: In Manhattan, jurors awarded a patient of Dr. Pamela Lipkin, an East Side plastic surgeon $600,000 in damages.

2000(17th of Nisan, 5760): Third day of Pesach

2000(17th of Nisan, 5760): Seventy-nine year old theatrical producer Alexander H. Cohen passed away today. (As reported by Alex Witchel)

http://www.nytimes.com/2000/04/23/nyregion/alexander-h-cohen-producer-of-101-theatrical-hits-and-flops-dies-at-79.html

http://archives.nypl.org/the/21770

2001: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Country Matters: The Pleasures and Tribulations of Moving From a Big City to an Old Country Farmhouse by Michael Korda, Teacha!: Stories From a Yeshiva by Gerry Albarelli and Resisting Hitler: Mildred Harnack and the Red Orchestraby
Shareen Blair Brysac.


2001(29th of Nisan, 5761):Dr. Mario Goldin, 53, of Kfar Sava, was killed when a terrorist detonated a powerful bomb he was carrying near a group of people waiting at a bus stop on the corner of Weizman and Tchernichovsky streets. About 60 people were injured in the blast. Hamas claimed responsibility.

2001: The National Football League Draft ended today with Iowa State University Quarterback Sage Rosenthal becoming a Washington Redskin.

2002: During Operation “Defensive Shield,” IDF ended the curfew at Nablus which had begun on April 4.

2002 “Mideast Turmoil: American Jews; Unusually Unified in Solidarity With Israel, but Also Unusually Unnerved” published today describes the feelings an action of the Jewish community in the wake of attacks on Israel and anti-Semitism in the United States.

http://www.nytimes.com/2002/04/22/us/mideast-turmoil-american-jews-unusually-unified-solidarity-with-israel-but-also.html

2002(10th of Iyar, 5762): Ninety-three year old Victor Frederick Weisskopf’ an Austrian-born Jewish American theoretical physicist, passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/2002/04/25/obituaries/25WEIS.html

2002(10thof Iyar, 5762): Twenty-two year old Sgt. Mag. Nir Kirchmann of Hadera was killed when the IDF entered a village north of Nablus to arrest Hamas terrorists.

2003: Charles “Krauthammer predicted that the President would have a "credibility problem" if weapons of mass destruction were not found in Iraq within the next five months.”

2004: In North Korea, a freight train exploded killing technicians from Syria who had come the country to take possession of fissionable material which they were to take home as part of nuclear program that could lead to the creation of warheads for the Assad regime

2004: The Roundabout Theatre Company’s Broadway production of Stephen Sondheim’s “Assassins”   opened today

2005: “The Interpreter” a complex mystery set at the UN directed by Sydney Pollack who also made a cameo appearance was released in the United State today.

2005: Jews of Omaha, Nebraska celebrated Israel’s 59th year of Independence as the Jewish Community Center hosts the Jewish Arts Festival and Yom Ha’Atzmaut activities designed for the whole family. This year’s Yom Ha’Atzmaut celebration is a unique and exciting compilation of an Arts Festival with more than 25 vendors, plus the usual exciting assortment of carnival games, first-class entertainment, and delicious foods from a variety of Omaha restaurants.

2006: On Shabbat, thousands of police were positioned around the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in east Jerusalem on Holy Saturday, hoping to prevent confrontations between various groups of worshippers making their way to the church on Saturday afternoon. Holy Saturday is the sacred day between Good Friday and Easter. Easter rites at the Church of the Holy Sepulcher have been marked by violence in the past. Since the Crusades, three major denominations have controlled the church - Greek Orthodox, Armenian Orthodox and (Latin) Roman Catholic - with the rights and privileges of all of the communities protected by the Status Quo of the Holy Places set up in 1852. According to Dep.-Cmdr. Asher Ben- Atrzi, head of the Israel Police Interpol and Foreign Liaison Section, almost every year a dispute erupts between the Armenians and the Greeks over who enters the cave where Jesus is believed to be buried first. The different denominations also argue over prayer times. In the end, it is the police force of the Jewish state that keeps peace between the warring Christian factions.  The next time some Christian politicians wonders how Sunnis and Shiites can fight over religious matters from by-gone centuries, they might want to take a look at the antics of Christian groups in the so-called Holy Land.

2007: At the Yeshiva University Museum the exhibition entitled “Reuben Kadish’s Holocaust Sculpture” comes to an end.

2007: Yom Hazikaron begins tonight in Israel with a special memorial ceremony at Mt. Herzl in Jerusalem.

2007: The Sunday New York Times Book Section featured reviews of The Grand Surprise: The Journals of Leo Lerman, edited by Stephen Pascal, Positively American: Winning Back the Middle-Class Majority One Family at a Time by Chuck Schumer (the Jewish Senator from New York) with Daniel Squadron, Black and White a novel by Jewish author Dani Shapiro and The Lady Upstairs: Dorothy Schiff and The New York Post by Marilyn Nissenson. Schiff was the granddaughter of the German Jewish banking magnate Jacob H. Schiff.

2007: The Sunday Washington Post Book Section featured a review of The Worlds of Lincoln Kirstein by Martin Duberman. This “rich and revelatory biography of one of the crucial cultural figures of the twentieth century” provides another example of an American Jew who has had a major impact on our culture.

2008: Earth Day; Third Day of Pesach – suggested date for Street Seders designed to address the Global Climate Crisis.

2008: The Jerusalem Cinematheque presents “Refusenik” \ רפיוזניק”.

2009: At YaleHagai El-Ad, Israeli civil rights activist, founding director of Jerusalem Open House and director of the Association for Civil Rights in Israel, delivers a talk entitled “Civil Rights in Israel.”

2009: The Tribeca Film Festival opens with the world premiere of Woody Allen’s “Whatever Works.”

2009: Holocaust Survivor Irene Furst speaks at Cornell College in Mt. Vernon, Iowa and Coe College in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.

2009: In Cedar Falls, Iowa, Holocaust scholar Michael Berenbaum presents “The Holocaust and Contemporary Ethics: Legal, Religious, Political and Medical Ethical Implications of the Holocaust,” the inaugural address for the Norman Cohn Family Holocaust Remembrance and Education Lecture Series at the University of Northern Iowa. Berenbaum is a writer, lecturer and teacher consulting in the conceptual development of museums and the historical development of films. He has written more than a dozen books, scores of scholarly articles and hundreds of journalistic pieces. His most recent books include “A Promise to Remember: The Holocaust in the Words and Voices of Its Survivors” and “After the Passion Has Passed: American Religious Con sequences.” He also has received numerous awards for his work in film and journalism. Berenbaum was the former director of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Research Institute and president of the Survivors of the Shoah Visual History Foundation.

2009: “Author Jared Diamond Sued for Libel” published today described the litigation face by the Pulitzer-Prize winning author.

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/huff-wires/20090422/us-jared-diamond-lawsuit/

2009: Rome’s city hall was the site for the Nobel Laureate Rita Levi-Montalcini’s 100thbirthday party.

2009: Five hundred Jews who were making their monthly visit to Joseph’s Tomb in Nablus arrived at the shrine this evening and found that it had been subjected to anti-Semitic vandalism including being painted with swastikas.  According to the Oslo Accords, the tomb is under Israeli control, but that has been rendered as nothing more than a legal fiction since the outbreak of Arab violence in 2000.

2010:Professor Jason Rosenblatt, author of Renaissance England's Chief Rabbi: John Selden is scheduled to speak at the Washington DCJCC as part of the

Distinguished Scholar Series

2010: The Jewish Community Center of Northern Virginia is scheduled to host the reception marking the opening of the Annual NoVa International Jewish Film Festival.

2011:On the 41st annual Earth Day and the first anniversary of the BP oil spill Reform congregations and their rabbis are scheduled to implement “tried-and-true Earth Day ideas, innovative programs in education and advocacy, and ways to continue our service and commitment to the Gulf Coast” some of which had been presented in a workshop that featured Margo Wolfson of Temple Shalom, Aberdeen, NJ (a GreenFaith Pilot Program congregation), Stephen Fox of Temple Isaiah, Los Angeles, CA, Rabbi Andy Koren, Temple Emanuel, Greensboro and Rabbi Daniel Swartz, Temple Hesed, Scranton, PA.”

2011:The Maccabee Queen is scheduled to be performed 12 noon at Beit Avi Chai in Jerusalem. “Written and directed by Lauri Donahue, the play chronicles the rule of the last queen of Judea.”

2011:The Beit Yisrael synagogue in Netanya has been pelted with rocks, allegedly by ultra-Orthodox youths waging a battle to scare the congregants into leaving.

2012: Amy Irving, star of “Crossing Delancey” is scheduled to take part in a Q&A following a showing of this Jewish romantic comedy featuring “Sam, the pickleman” at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2012:The Iowa Jewish Historical Society and the Jewish Federation of Greater Des Moines are scheduled to host a special event to recognize and honor Iowa’s Jewish men and women who serve and have served in all branches of the United States military, during times of both war and peace.

2012: Ambassador Stuart Eizenstat is scheduled to deliver the keynote address at the Northern Virginia’s 2012 Holocaust Observance at Gesher Jewish Day School

2012(30thof Nisan, 5772): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

2013: Fifty-three years after its founding the Canadian Jewish News “issued termination notices to its 50 staff and announced that it will cease printing with its June 20 edition due to financial constraints.”

2013:The American Jewish Historical Society and Yeshiva University Museum are scheduled to present a performance by The Momenta Quartet featuring the music of Stefan Wolpe, Aaron Copland and Darius Milhaud.

2013: “Portrait of Wally” and “A Bottle in the Gaza Sea” are scheduled to be shown at the Northern Virginia Jewish Film Festival.

2013:” Dressing America: Tales from the Garment Center” is scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2013: Daniel Mendelsohn, author of the international bestseller The Lost: A Search for Six of Six Million, is scheduled to join award- winning journalist Leslie Maitland, author of Crossing the Borders of Time: A True Love Story of War, Exile and Love Reclaimed in a discussion of their true stories of lives and loves lost in the Holocaust at the Washington DCJCC.

2013: Twentieth anniversary of the dedication of the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum

http://www.ushmm.org/

http://www.ushmm.org/museum/

2013: The Histadrut labor federation today threatened to shut down Ben-Gurion International Airport as a show of solidarity with Israeli airline employees, who are striking against Transportation Minister Yisrael Katz's Open Skies agreement with the European Union that was approved by the cabinet yesterday

2013: Jordan has allowed Israel to fly military drones over the country en route to Syria in order to monitor the situation there and, should the need arise, target chemical weapons caches in the civil war-torn country, the French daily Le Figaro reported today.

2014: In New York, Temple Shaaray Tefila is scheduled to host the Yom HaShoah Screening of “No Place On Earth.”

2014(22ndof Nisan, 5774): 8th day of Pesach – Yizkor

2014: In Serbia, Holocaust Remembrance Day

2014(22nd of Nisan): Circumcision of Isaac (Rosh Ha-Shannah 10b)

2015: Shoah survivor Marcel Drimer is scheduled to speak at the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum.

2015: Yeshiva University Museum is scheduled to host a tour “Modeling the Synagogue – From Dura to Touro.”http://www.yumuseum.org/programs/2015/04/22/curators-tour-modeling-the-synagogue-from-dura-to-touro-4

2015: “Belle and Sebastian” and “Famous Nathan” are scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2015(3rdof Iyar, 5775):  Seventy-eight year old performer Lois Lilienstein passed away today. (As reported by Bruce Weber)

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/24/arts/music/lois-lilienstein-78-of-the-childrens-trio-sharon-lois-bram-is-dead.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=1

2015: Rabbi Lance J. Sussman is scheduled to teach the second session “Jews, Judaism and American Law” in Philadelphia, PA.



2015:Today, another official memorial ceremony is scheduled to be held at the Mount Herzl military cemetery in Jerusalem and will be attended by IDF Chief of Staff Lt. Gen. Gadi Eisenkot, as well as senior Israel Defense Forces officers and politicians followed by a separate commemoration for Israel’s terror victims will take place at Mount Herzl.(As reported by Times of Israel)

2015: Memorial Day is scheduled to end at sundown today with the start of Independence Day, traditionally ushered in with fireworks and street celebrations nationwide. (As reported by Times of Israel)

2016(14thof Nisan, 5776): Ta’anit Berchorot; Erev Pesach and Erev Shabbat

2016(14thof Nisan): Yahrzeit for the thirty people murdered by terrorists at a Seder at the Park Hotel in Netanya in 2002 and this does not include the 140 who were wounded.

2016(14thof Nisan, 5776): 99th anniversary of the United States entry into World War I.  As Jews were fasting for the first born, searching for chametz and getting ready for their first Seder, Congress was declaring war on Germany.  This would usher in a three year period of dynamic change and growth for the American Jewish community. 

2017(26thof Nisan, 5777): Parashat Shemini; Start of Pirke Avot Cycle – Read Chapter One;

2017(26thof Nisan, 5777): Eighty-seven year old Professor of Philosophy Hubert Lederer Dreyfus passed away today in Berkeley.

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/02/us/hubert-dreyfus-dead-philosopher-of-artificial-intelligence.html

https://philosophy.berkeley.edu/people/detail/12

https://philosophy.fas.harvard.edu/news/memoriam-hubert-l-dreyfus-1929-2017

2017: The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to provide a full day of events including lunch following Shachrit and Mussaf capped off by a Seduah an before the end of Shabbat

2017:  The Jerusalem Opera Festival is scheduled to continue its opening week events with another concert dedicated to Enrico Caruso.

2018: The American Sephardi Federation is scheduled to present the final performance of “Cyrano De Bergerac” starring David Serero in the title role.

2018: “The entire Twin Cities Jewish Community” is scheduled to celebrate “Israel@70” at the Minneapolis Event Center this evening in an event featuring the singing of Abbie Strauss.

2018: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to host a presentation by “Jeffrey Shandler, Rutgers University Professor of Jewish Studies, which will examine the USC Shoah Foundation Visual History Archive as a major project of public memory situated in a series of contexts: Jewish ethnographies, public memory projects at the turn of the millennium, and the different media used to document the Holocaust.”

2018: In Coralville, IA, Agudas Achim is scheduled to host the “8th Annual Concert of Commemoration.”

2018: The New York Times published reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Bible of Dirty Jokes by Eileen Pollack and Who We Are and How We Got Here: Ancient DNA and the New Science of the Human Past by David Reich

2019: The Center for Jewish History, ALL*ARTS, YIVO and Burke Cohen Entertainment are scheduled to present “award winning actors Ed Asner and Tovah Feldshuh star in a concert reading of The Soap Myth, a powerful play about survival, memory, and truth” which is set more than fifty years after WWII, when a young Jewish reporter grapples with different versions of the same story - did the Nazis make soap from the corpses of murdered Jews?” 

2019: The Temple Emanu-El Streicker is scheduled to present “Modern Matters -- Ancient Jewish Wisdom with Rabbi David Wolpe

2019: Earth Day 2019

http://www.arcworld.org/faiths.asp?pageID=81

https://www.jewishboston.com/whats-jewish-about-earth-day/

https://www.jfcsmpls.org/earth-day-good-deeds-day-bal-taschit-each-of-us-can-make-a-difference-every-day/

2019(17thof Nissan, 5779): Third Day of Pesach; Second Day of the Omer;

2020: In Coralville, IA it will take more than a pandemic stop the quest for learning since the Agudas Achim Wednesday Book Group is scheduled to meet via Zoom this afternoon.

2020: One day after Yom HaShoah the celebration of Earth Day is scheduled to take place which was first celebrated on the 49th birthday of Julian Koenig, the creator of the original advertising event for this event.

https://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/18/business/julian-koenig-who-sold-americans-on-beetles-and-earth-day-dies-at-93.html



2020: The Streicker Center is scheduled to host Dr. Michael Berenbaum as he leads a virtual presentation on “Not Your Father’s Anti-Semitism.”

2020: Live via Zoom, the Center for Jewish History and Fordham University’s Center for Jewish Studies are scheduled to host “Epidemics, Disease and Plagues in Jewish History and Memory.”

2020: As Israel’s death toll from Covid-19 moves past 180, it was reported that Ran Saar, the CEO of Maccabi Helathcare Services, an HMO, has said that “the economic crisis stemming from the Covid-19 pandemic will more people than the virus itself.

2020: As Israelis contend with the Pandemic and unprecedented period of political deadlock they will be considering whether to follow the words of Yair Lapid who “slammed” Benny Gantz “for going back on all of his election promises and allying himself with Prime Minister Netanyahu or to accept the explanation of Gantz that he made the deal because “he felt compelled to bring out Israel of the political deadlock of the past year in order to tackle the immense challenges ahead” specifically those presented by the coronavirus epidemic.






This Day, April 23, In Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb Levin Z"L

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April 23



 0034: According to Sir Isaac Newton, this is the date of the crucifixion of Jesus.

1185: Birthdate Alfonzo II, the third King of Portugal who was part of a dynasty that who provided a comparatively secure environment for their Jewish subjects. He was the grandson of King Alfonso I and the son of King Sancho I both of whom had recognized the Jewish community, allowing it settle its own legal problems. King Alfonzo set the tone for the dynasty when he appointed Yahia ben Yahi III, the first chief Rabbi of the Portuguese Jewish community to serve as his royal tax collector.

1229: As the Christians fought the Moors, Ferdinand III of Castile re-conquered Caceres. During this period the city had an important Jewish quarter: By the start of 15th century 140 Jewish families lived in city that had a population of 2000 people. As with everything in Sephard the story of the Jews of Caceres ends the same way with the expulsion by Queen Isabella and Ferdinand of Aragon in 1492.

1283: Sixteen Jews were killed in Bruckenhausen

1533: The Church of England annuls the marriage between Catherine of Aragon and Henry VIII. This was a major step in the break between Protestant England and Catholic Europe including France, Spain and those under the sway of the Pope.  The English would be a valuable ally for the Protestants who were struggling to establish themselves in such places as the Netherlands and the Germanic states.  For the Jews, this growing division among European Christians had the short term disadvantage of being caught between two warring parties and abused accordingly.  In the long run, it was advantageous. Protestant England (even when the Catholic James II would come to throne) and Holland would provide early and safe havens for European Jews, especially those looking for homes and opportunity after their experience with the Spanish Inquisition.

1564:  Birthdate of William Shakespeare.  Was Shakespeare an anti-Semite?  The question comes up every time there is a revival of “The Merchant of Venice.”  The term Shylock, the term “pound of flesh” and the line “oh my ducats oh my daughter” have provided fodder for anti-Semites through the centuries.  On the other hand, Shakespeare depicts Shylock as a human with feelings, which was certainly a cut above the normal portrayal during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance.  According to some critics, “Merchant of Venice” was written as The Bard’s theatrical response to Christopher Marlow’s, “The Jew of Malta.”

1571: In Venice Diana Rachel and Isaac of Modena gave birth to Leon (Judah Areyh) of Modena, famed Italian scholar, rabbi and Poet.

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/modena-leon

1615: Louis XIII decreed that all Jews must leave the country within one month on pain of death. This decree became the basis for the infamous Code Noir the Black Code which forbade Jews to live in French colonies in the New World including in 1724 the colony of Louisiana.  This may explain why there are no Jewish Creoles in New Orleans society.

1615: Christians in France were forbidden, under pain of death, to shelter or converse with Jews, by order of Louis XIII.

1620(20thof Nisan, 5380): Hayyim ben Joseph Vital passed away at Damascus. Born at Calabria in 1543, he was a foremost exponent of Lurianic Kabbalah, recording much of his master's teachings.

1625: Prince Maurice of Orange passed away despite the best efforts of his “Jewish physician” Joseph Bueno

1659(30th of Nisan): Eight Jews were martyred today at Przemysl

1661: Birthdate of Issachar Berend Lehmann, the native of Essen, Westphalia whose many accomplishments led him to become “the Court Jews for Elector Augustus II, the Strong of Saxony.

1661: King Charles II of England, Scotland and Ireland is crowned in Westminster Abbey. The coronation of Charles II marked the Restoration following the death of Oliver Cromwell.  Cromwell had allowed the Jews to quietly re-enter England and develop a community.  “Technically, the 1558 Act of Uniformity, which labeled any rites other than those of the Church of England unlawful remained in force.”  But while still in the Netherlands, trying to secure his throne, Charles had assured Amsterdam that English Jews had nothing to fear from his kingship. A generous contribution from Jewish bankers and merchants certainly helped the situation.  Once in power, the king proved true to his word.  When Christian merchants tried to oust their Jewish competition on grounds that they were not members of the Church, Charles stood by his Jewish subjects as long as they obeyed the laws and remained peaceful subjects.  In 1673, an anti-Semitic mob demanded that the Jewish leaders be punished for worshipping in public.  When a grand jury caved in an indicted some of the leading Jews, the Israelites threatened to leave the kingdom rather than give up their religious liberties.  Charles issued orders to halt the proceedings and “not to cause any more anxieties to Jews.”

1702: Margaret Fell, a founder of the Society of Friends (Quakers) who was a passionate advocate for the readmission of Jews to England during the debated in the middle of the 17th century passed away. At the same time, she like many other English Protestants wrote epistles to Jews in mainland Europe to persuade them to convert to true Christianity by which she “meant the Quaker movement which they saw as the spiritual House of Israel.

1720: Birthdate of Elijah (Eliyahu) ben Shlomo Zalman "Kremer" better known as the Vilna Gaon. [Ed. Note: There is not enough room to do justice to this Giant of Judaism.  The following website is a good point of departure.]

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/vilnagaon.html

1744: In Havana, Isaac Mendez, and two other Jews boarded the Fortune, a French merchant sloop bound for Curacao.  Mendez, a resident of Kingston, Jamaica, was a Jewish merchant and loyal subject of King George II. In 1743, during a trading voyage, Mendez’s ship was captured by the Spanish and he was imprisoned in Havana.  In accord with ancient Jewish tradition, friends learned of his plight.  They “arranged for his release” and paid for his passage aboard the French vessel. [Yes, there is more to the story.  But you will have to wait for TDIJH for April 24 for the next installment]

1769(16thof Nisan, 5529): Second Day of Pesach

1785: In New York, Rachel Heilbron and Chaim Salomon who had died in January gave birth to their son Chaim Moses Salomon, who attempted to collect, some would say through embellishment, moneys owed to his family for his father’s financial assistance during the Revolution.

https://allthingsliberty.com/2013/01/financial-hero/

1785:Three months after his father had passed away, in New York City, Rachel Franks and Chaim Solomon, of Revolutionary War fame, gave birth to Chaim Moses Salomon, the businessman who spent much of his life trying to have the United States government reimburse his father for the money owed to his father, Chaim Solomon for helping to finance the cause of the American Revolution.

1786: Birthdate of Amsterdam native Hyman Polock, the husband of London native Rebecca Barnett who gave birth to Miriam Polock and Sarah Polock of Philadelphia, PA.

1791: Birthdate of James Buchanan, 15th President of the United States who in1857 received a committee of Jews led by Isaac Meyer Wise seeking his support in over-turning a treaty with the Swiss Cantons that resulted in American Jews being subjected to the anti-Semitic laws of Switzerland. Buchanan said he would work to correct the situation.  But Buchanan was no more effective in helping American Jews than he would be in preserving the Union when Secession came.

1794: Benvenida de Isaac Henriques Valentine and Amsterdam native Solomon da Silva Solis gave birth to Elijah Solis, the husband of Louisa Solis.

1797: Birthdate of Solomon Plessner, the native of Bresalau who defended Orthodox Judaism against the in-roads of the Reform Movement.

1797: In Charleston, SC, Sarah and Abraham Moise who were married in 1779 at St. Eustatia, gave birth to Penina Moise, “the first Jewish American woman to contribute to the worship service, writing 190 hymns for Beth Elohim. The Reform movement’s 1932 Union Hymnal still contained thirteen of her hymns.” (As reported by Jay Eidelman)

http://www.scmuseum.org/women/Moise.html

http://www.discoveringpeninamoise.com/

1799(18thof Nisan, 5559): Fourth Day of Pesach

1799: Napoleon continued his siege of Acre.

1813: Joseph Collins, the son of Hyman Collins and Mary Davis was buried today in the UK.

1818: Birthdate of Christopher Oscanyan, the Armenian-born American author and speaker whose lecture topics included “The Women of Turkey and the Jews of the East.”

1818(23rdof Nisan, 5573): Thirty-two year old Emanuel Sheftall, the Savannah born son of Levi and Sarah Shefall and the father of Solomon, Rebeca, Emanuel and Elizabeth Sheftall passed away today in his home town

1819: In Devon, UK, Robert Frounde, the archdeacon of Totnes and his wife gave birth to English historian and author James Anthony Froude whose works included the 1890 biography of Benjamin Disraeli entitled Lord Beaconsfield and who defeated Disraeli by a vote of fourteen votes for the position of Lord Rector of St. Andrews.

http://archive.spectator.co.uk/article/1st-november-1890/9/mr-froude-on-lord-beaconsfields-religion

1826(16thof Nisan, 5586): Second Day of Pesach; 1st day of the Omer

1829(20thof Nisan, 5589) Sixth Day of Pesach

1829: Birthdate of Vienna native Lazar Schorstein, the son of Yitzhak Schorstein the husband of Clara Schorstein and father of Bertha, Gustave and Therese Schorstein.

1848: In New York, Congregation B’nai Israel moved from the old Shakespeare Hall at the corner of William and Duane streets” to a building on Pearl Street.

1849: Noah Lodge No 1 of the Independent Order of Free Sons of Israel which had been formed in January of this year, held its eighth meeting today at which Mr. Stern and Mr. Buttenheim to advance the organization the 25 dollars needed to buy “emblems for the grand officers.”

1852: “Le Juif errant” premiered at today at the Salle Le Peletier of the Paris Opera. “Le Juif errant (The Wandering Jew) is a grand opera by Fromental Halévy, with a libretto by Eugène Scribe and Jules-Henri Vernoy de Saint-Georges.” The opera is based extremely loosely on themes of the novel “Le Juif errant” by Eugène Sue. While the novel is set in 19th century Paris and the Wandering Jew is incidental to the main story-line, the opera begins in Amsterdam in 1190 and the Jew, Ahasvérus, is a leading character. The music was sufficiently popular to generate a Wandering Jew Mazurka, a Wandering Jew Waltz, and a Wandering Jew Polka.”

1854: In New York, Abigail Kursheedt and Asher Kursheedt gave birth Alphonse Hart Kursheedt.

1856: Morris Ehrlich, the President of the Kane Street Synagogue “proferred a complaint against the Shames for creating a disturbance in the Synagogue” which was found to be valid enough to warrant a fine of $4.00 being levied against the worker.

1858: Birthdate of Max Plank, German physicist and Nobel Prize Winner.  During World War II, Plank tried to convince Hitler to spare the lives of Jewish scientists.  His son was executed for his part in the 1944 plot to kill Hitler.  Plank passed away in 1947.

1859: In Ploieşti, Romania,house painter and amateur artist, MoisiŞăineanu and his wife gave birth to Lazăr Șăineanu who gained fame as Lazare Sainéan the French philologist and cultural historian

1860: According “The Extortions of Slavery” published today, Dr. George B. Cheever delivered an anti-slavery speech last night at The Church of the Puritans in which he compared slaveholders to the anti-Semitic King John of England who “who, to extort money from a Jew, pulled a tooth every day from out the Hebrew's head until he complied with his demands.”

1860: The Democratic National Convention which former Congressman Henry Myer Phillips attended as a delegate from Pennsylvania opened today.

1861: Major Alfred Mordecai wrote an angry letter to Colonel Craig complaining that he had not had any response to his request for a transfer.  Unbeknownst to Mordecai, Craig had been replaced as his superior. Mordecai was a distinguished officer in the United States Army who was born in the South.  He was trying to gain a transfer to a post in the West so he could stay in the army without having to fight family and friends from the South.

1864(17thof Nisan, 5624): Third Day of Pesach; Shabbat Shel Pesach

1864: As Jews celebrate their ancient liberation from bondage, in Louisiana, Union forces defeated the Confederates at the Battle of Monett’s Ferry, an episode in the Red River Campaign, part of Grant’s grand plan to defeat those who sought to destroy the United States so they could continue owning their slaves.

1868: According to today’s “Foreign News by Mail” column, when Ion Bratiano, Minister of State, was asked a question about the present of the National Guard at Jassy (Romania), he that “as long as the violent hatred against the Jews lasted he would not furnish the enemies of the Jews with arms.” Bratino was a Rumanian nationalist who worked to secure the establishment of an independent Romania.  He was the leader of the liberal cabinet that would declare Romania’s independence in 1877.  The conditions of Romania’s Jews did not improve with independence.

1870: The remains of Dr. George Frick who had passed away while visiting Berlin were interred in the Greenmount Cemetery in Baltimore, MD.  Dr. Frick was the younger brother of the late Judge Frick. 

1870(22ndof Nisan, 5630): 8th day of Pesach

1871: Franz Joseph I of Austria made Solomon Benedict de Worms the “1stBaron de Worms.”

1871: Derech Emunoh consecrated its new synagogue today in what has been the chapel of New York University.  The congregation which has been using a building on Greene Street leased its new facility.  The service was led by Rabbi S.M. Isaacs.



1872(15th of Nisan, 5632): On the first day of Pesach, Rabbi Henry Vidaver delivered a sermon “on the celebration of Passover” at B’Nai Jeshrum in New York City.  Rabbi Vidaver was one of the contributors to the “Abridged School and Family Bible in Hebrew & English.”

1878: In New Orleans, Rebecca (Kiefer) and Isidore Newman, the namesake of the Isidore Newman School gave birth to Miriam Dorothy Newman who gained fame as multi-talented artist Isadora Newman.

http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/newman-isadora

1879(30th of Nisan, 5639): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1879: In Charleston, Rabbi David Levy presided over the wedding of Julian C. Levin and Lulie Bringloe, the eldest daughter of Captain Samuel G. Bringloe.

1880: An article about Benjamin Disraeli published today, that begins with “Lord Beaconsfield steps down and at his advanced age it is not probable that he will ever again hold the reins of power” traces the career of the British statesman that began fifty-four years ago with the publication of “Vivian Gray” and includes such highlights as the maneuvering which brought the Suez Canal under British control.”  The article included the following, “Of Semitic origin, his ideas, methods, and sentiments bore an Oriental stamp.”  His father may have taken Disraeli to the baptismal font, but he was still “a Jew” to many of his contemporaries. 

1881: A large number of Jews have arrived in Cincinnati for the upcoming dedication of a new building at the Hebrew Union College.

1881: Samuel Alatri, the Italian politician who led the Jewish Community of Rome, delivered "Discorso Pronunziato nella Scuola del Tempio” today.

1882: A conference designed to provide aid to the Jews of Russia was held today in Berlin.  There were representatives from several different countries including the United States and Great Britain which was represented by Sr. Juilan Goldsmid and Dr. Herrman Adler.  In making plans for the future, the conference assigned the Americans the responsibility for finding employment for Russian immigrants going to the United States.  The Germans and British were given responsibility for raising additional funds.

1882: It was reported today, that as a result of a report issued by the Minister of Justice, the Czar has ordered that the trials of all those accused “of outrages against the Jews” be dealt with in a speedy manner.

1883: It was reported today the biography of Dr. Barclay, the late Anglican Bishop in Jerusalem will be published shortly.  The book will include significant information about the failure to convert Jews and Moslems.

1888: Birthdate of Polish native Abraham Tutelman Malmed, who in 1891 came to Philadelphia where he attended Temple University and went into the business of manufacturing cement.

1889(22nd of Nisan, 5649): 8th day of Pesach

1889: Millionaire stock broker, Isidor Wormser, whose daughter is a Seligman by marriage, was so upset with the comments that Rensselaer Bissell had made about him that he challenged him to a fistfight outside of the NYSE after the exchange had closed.  In the end, Bissell backed down, much to the disappointment of his fellow brokers.

1890: “A Mighty Power” by Frank Rothschild, Jr. had a pre-Broadway matinee performance at the Fifth Avenue Theatre. 

1890: Adolphus Leo Weil and Cassie Ritter Weil gave birth to Princeton alum and University of Pittsburgh trained attorney Ferdinand Theobald Weil, the older brother of Adolphus Leo Weil.

1891(15thof Nisan, 5651): Pesach

1891: Birthdate of Ostrog, Russia native and WW I veteran William Alexander Perlzweig who came to the U.S. In 1906 where he earned all three degrees at Columbia before pursuing a career as a biochemist at Duke University.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1949/12/12/96488618.html?pageNumber=33

1891: An order expelling the Jews from Moscow was published today.

1892: In Brooklyn, Samuel and Pauline Boochever gave birth to Anna Boochever the graduate of New York State College of Teachers who when she married Frederick S. DeBeer became Anna DeBeer, an active member of the National Council of Jewish Women.

1893: Rabbi Raphael Benjamin was reported today as describing the blackballing of Theodore Seligman by the Union League as “unmanly, un-American and un-Christian.” At the same time he took issued with those who “that this is only the beginning of a movement against Jews” in New York City and saw “it only as a small remnant of the ignorant prejudiced with once existed toward” Jews “and which, under the enlightening influence of education is fast disappearing.”

1894(17thof Nisan, 5654): Third Day of Pesach

1894: Hyman Blumenthal, a Jewish peddler is being held in jail facing charges of arson for his role in burning a tenement in New York City.

1894: “Lesson from the Passover published today presented Dr. Joseph Silverman’s view of “Judaism as a religion based on freedom” and that “a religion that would seek to subvert American unity and establish a union of Church and State and subsidize itself from the Public Treasury was nothing but organized treason.”

1894(17th of Nisan, 5654): American banker and philanthropist Jesse Seligman passed away today at Coronado Beach CA. Born at Baiersdorf, Bavaria, on  August 11, 1827, he followed his brothers to the United States in 1841, and established himself at Clinton, Alabama. In 1848 he moved with his brothers to Watertown, N. Y., and then, with his brother Leopold, went to San Francisco in the autumn of 1850, where he became a member of the Vigilance Committee, as well as of the Howard Fire Company. He remained in California until 1857, when he joined his brother in establishing a banking business in New York. With his brother Joseph he helped to found the Hebrew Orphan Asylum in 1859, and was connected with it till his death. At the time of his death he was a trustee of the Baron de Hirsch Fund. He was a member of the Union League Club, of which he was vice-president, and from which he resigned in 1893 when the club for racial reasons refused to admit to membership his son Theodore. He was head of the American Syndicate formed to place in the United States the shares of the Panama Canal. He was also a friend and supporter of President Grant whom he first met when the young army officer was stationed near Watertown.  In fact, Grant tried to make him the first American Jew to serve in the Cabinet. (As reported in the Jewish Encyclopedia and Dr. Jonathan Sarna)

1896, Herzl wrote in his diaries of his arrival in Karlsruhe at Reverend William Hechler’s request.



“Arrived here at eleven last night. Hechler met me at the station and took me to the Hotel Germania, which had been “recommended by the Grand Duke.” We sat in the dining-room for an hour. I drank Bavarian beer, Hechler milk. He told me what had happened. The Grand Duke had received him immediately upon his arrival, but first wanted to wait for his privy-councilor’s report on my Jewish State. Hechler showed the Grand Duke the “prophetic tables” which seemed to make an impression. When the Kaiser arrived, the Grand Duke immediately informed him of the matter. Hechler was invited to the reception and to the surprise of the court-assembly the Kaiser addressed him with the jocular words: “Hechler, I hear you wanted to become a minister of the Jewish State.”



1896: A memorial honoring the late Jesse Seligman was unveiled this afternoon at the Hebrew Orphan Asylum on 138thStreet and Amsterdam Avenue

1896: The New York Section of the National Council of Jewish Women met in vestry rooms of Temple Beth-El.

1896: The Times of London reported today that Prince Ferdinand of Bulgaria cut short his official to Russia and left St. Petersburg for Paris so he could he could attend the funeral “of his friend,” Baron Hirsch.

1898: The Alumni Association of the Hebrew Technical Institute hosted its fifth annual reunion banquet at the Tuxedo

1898: Start of a two day Preliminary conference in Vienna prior to the second Zionist Congress. Representatives from Russia, Austria and Germany all attended. It is decided to send Leo Motzkin to Palestine to prepare a report. The congress will meet again in Basel, Switzerland. As was befitting for liberal movement that would come to be dominated by socialist idealist, the Zionist leaders decided that women would be allowed to attend the Congress as voting delegates. In other words, Zionist women had the vote two decades before women in the United States got the vote.

1897(21stof Nisan, 5657): Seventh Day of Pesach

1897: As Jews munch on their matzoth, Greek forces continue their withdrawal from the area around Tyrnavos as they faced the larger, better organized units from the Ottoman Empire was home to the large and ancient Jewish community of Thessalonika, which would eventually come under Greek rule as the city of Salonika.



1898: Spain declared war on the United States, the first half of the official act to officially start the Spanish-American War in which 5,000 Jewish volunteers would serve.

 1899: Herzl begins the two day Bank Conference in Köln with Wolffsohn and Heymann as he sought to develop his “top down” concept of creating a Jewish home in Eretz Israel.

1899: The American Hebrew League of Greater New York met in Brooklyn this evening.

1899: Dr. Felix Adler is scheduled to deliver a lecture on “The Metropolitan Greatness of New York and the Vast Moral Problems It Raises” at the Music Hall in New York City.

1899: Thanks to a donation of $25,000 from Abraham Slimmer of Waverly, Iowa a permanent home for the Chicago Home for Jewish Orphans was dedicated on a piece of land donated by Henry Siegel and other members of the Windy City’s Jewish community.

1899: “Hebrew Technical School” published today included a history of the Jewish school that included among its graduates the architect William C. Sommerield and  that after being open for only 15 years has become so successful that it had turned away fifty applicants for lack of space.

1900: Birthdate of Zhitomir, Russia native Samuel Lackman who in 1904 “migrated to Winnipeg” where after enlisting in 1918 which led to his serving with the 39thRoyal Fusiliers who served in Palestine,

1900: The 27th Convention of the District Grand Lodge No. 7 of B’nai Birth continued for a second day in New Orleans.

1901: The New York branch of the Alliance Israelite Universelle was reorganized under direction of M. Nissim Behar. The meeting was held in English, Yiddish and German. Mr. Louis Marshall was elected President, and Henry Periera Mendes as secretary.

1902(16thof Nisan, 5662): Second Day of Pesach; First Day of the Omer.

1902(16thof Nisan, 5652): In Detroit, “the cornerstone laying ceremony for the new synagogue building of Temple Beth El” took place today.
1903: Herzl is received by Joseph Chamberlain, who just came back from Africa.
The Chamberlain-Herzl negotiations of the "Uganda scheme" are the first recognition of the president of the Zionist Organization as representing the Jewish people.


1903: During the “Melvin Bellis Case” a report from the Kiev District Procurator, based on an autopsy by a medical professor from Kiev University, intimated that Andrei Yustchinski had been the victim of a ritual murder.  “Years later, it would be learned that the ministry of justice had slipped the doctor a four thousand ruble bribe.”

1904: In London Gladys Helen Rachel Goldsmid and Louis Montagu, 2nd Baron Swaythling gave birth to  Ivor Goldsmid Samuel Montagu “a British filmmaker, screenwriter, producer, film critic, writer, table tennis player and apparent Soviet spy who  “received some credit for the development of a vibrant intellectual film culture in Britain during the interwar years.”  He passed away in 1984.

http://www.jewishsports.net/BioPages/IvorGoldsmidMontagu.htm

1905(18thof Nisan, 5665): Fourth Day of Pesach

1905: As unrest grips the Russian empire, in Poland “special regulations have been instituted to keep the army free from” the contamination of the Revolutionaries and “these have been enforced in individual cases” which have been detected particularly among Jews” who “have been severely punished.”

1906: “The Viennese Zionists demanded” that Herr von Taussig, the banker who arranged for Austrian participation in the loan to Russia to which many Austrian Jews are opposed, be dismissed from his position as Vice President “of the Hebrew Community.

1907: Birthdate of Cincinnati native and Ohio State University graduate Aron Max Mathieu the author of “The Writer’s Market for 1940,” “The Reataive Writer” and “The Creative Writer.”

https://www.amazon.com/s?i=stripbooks&rh=p_27%3AAron+M.+Mathieu&s=relevancerank&text=Aron+M.+Mathieu&ref=dp_byline_sr_book_1

1907: Birthdate of Elizabeth “Lee” Miller the fashion model who during WW II became a war correspondent and photographer who covered the “horrors of Buchenwald and Dachau.” (She was not Jewish but the photos were part of the creation of a record of the Horrors of the Holocaust.)

http://www.leemiller.co.uk/app/WebObjects/LeeMillerShop.woa/wo/2.0.3.22?0.3.22.1=concentration+camps&0.3.22.3=Submit

1908: Birthdate of Czech writer and diplomat Egon Hostovsky, a distant relative of Stefan Zweig, most of whose immediate family perished in the Holocaust and who was immortalized by the posthumous creation of the Egon Hostovsky Prize for literature.



1908: In Cologne, Germany, music critic Paul Hiller and his wife Sophie Lion gave birth to Erwin Ottmar Hiller grandson of pianist Ferdinand Hiller, who gained fame as Holocaust survivor and actor Marcel Hillaire, whose most memorable for me was as the French Chef in the marvelous comedy “Sabrina.”

1909: “The Bronx Aroused” published today described Jewish opposition to taking land from Crotona Park to build an armory and plans to hold a protest meeting under the leadership of the Free Sons of Israel.

1910: Birthdate of Martin Roman, the German jazz pianist who played with the Marek Weber Band and was shipped to Theresienstadt in 1944.

1910(14th of Nisan, 5670): On Shabbat HaGadol, Rabbi Joseph Silverman delivered a sermon at Temple Emanu-El in which his he praised Mayor Gaynor for this letter to Reverend Chalmers refusing him a license to preach on the street corners of the East Side with the aim of converting Jews to Christianity.

1910(14th of Nisan, 5670): “Passover Begins To-Night” published today states that “"Pesach," the Hebrew festival of the Passover, one of the most important festivals of the Jewish calendar, will begin at sunset this evening, which is the fourteenth day of the month of Nison. This festival was ordained to celebrate the deliverance of the children of Israel from their long captivity in Egypt and their departure from the house of bondage on the way through the wilderness to the promised land of Canaan.”

1910 (14th of Nisan, 5670): A Seder will be held tonight on Ellis Island for the Jewish immigrants who have not been given permission to enter the United States.

1910: Clarence Charles Minzesheimer, head of the banking and brokerage house Charles Minzesheimr & Co had his appendix removed after suffering an attack of appendicitis.

1911: In Marseille, Erma Maria Domenica Giorcelli and “Henri Louis Firmin Champmoynat, a French Jewish engineer, airplane pilot in World War II, who died in a concentration camp” gave birth to French movie star Simone Thérèse Fernande Simon.

1912: In London, Helena Rubenstein and Edward William Titus gave birth to their younger son Horace Titus.

1913(16thof Nisan, 5673): Second Day of Pesach; First Day of the Omer

1913: George Washington Ochs-Oakes, the son of Julius and Bertha Ochs, and his wife Bertie gave birth to John Bertram Oakes, a creative pillar of the New York Times whose accomplishments are beyond the scope of this blog. (As reported by Robert D. McFadden

https://www.nytimes.com/2001/04/05/obituaries/john-b-oakes-liberal-voice-of-the-times-is-dead-at-87.html

1914: Birthdate of Harry Kravitsky, the Brooklyn native who  as Harry Crane  went from  Borscht Belt comic to screenwriter for Hollywood films and television for which he created the “Honeymooners.”

https://www.nytimes.com/1999/09/20/arts/harry-crane-85-who-helped-create-the-honeymooners.html

1914: Justice Ben Bill of the Georgia State Supreme Court heard the appeal of Leo Frank today.

1915: It was reported today that “Hermann Laundau, a prominent Jewish philanthropist associated with various Jewish charities in London” has said that “seven million Poles, of whom 2,000,000 are Jews are in dire need of food” and that “the Jews are even poorer than the Gentiles, because of the boycott against the Jews in parts of Poland before the beginning of the war, which impoverished thousands who otherwise would have been able to provide for their families.”

1915: Three years after its founding, the second annual convention of the Mizrahi of America opened its second annual convention in New York City.

1915: Rupert Brooke, a young scholar and poet serving as an officer in the British Royal Navy” whom Alexander Aciman called his “Favorite Anti-Semite” “died of blood poisoning on a hospital ship anchored off the Greek island of Skyros, while awaiting deployment in the Allied invasion of the Gallipoli Peninsula.

http://www.tabletmag.com/jewish-arts-and-culture/230744/rupert-brooke-my-favorite-anti-semite

1916(20thof Nisan, 5676): Sixth Day of Pesach

1916: “Nathan Straus greeted thousands of Jewish children” in New York this morning “at the Passover gatherings of Young Judea” where “he urged them to remain true to the traditions of their people and said they might well be proud of being young Zionists.”

1916: “Henry Morgenthau, the U.S. Ambassador to Turkey, was the guest of honor this afternoon at the Fifth Annual Convention of the Federation of Oriental Jews in American” at P.S. No. 91 where he said “that his career had been started in a public school and that a similar chance in life could be the reward for anyone who was willing to make the effort.”

1917: It was reported today that Louis Marshall has described the formation of The League of Jewish Youth of America as “the protest of the young Jews and Jewesses against the deadly tendency to drift hopelessly on arctic sea” and as “the expression of their desire to affect a stable and dignified adjustment of ancient Jewish idealism to perfect American citizenship.”

1917: A cable received from the Petrograd correspondent of the Jewish Daily Forward in New York today described “how the Jews of Russia are aiding the new Government in its effort to bring order out of chaos and successfully prosecute the war against Germany.”

1917: Zangwill Back To Zionism” published today described the return of Israel Zangwill to the Zionist Movement from which he has been estranged since 1905 when he others sought to find other places for a Jewish Home” including land in Africa which was part of the British Empire.

1917: “A stormy controversy over the question of woman suffrage sprang up at the assembly of the Eastern Council of Reform Rabbis at Temple Emanu-El” today with “Dr. Stephen S. Wise threatening to resign from the council because of the in which the President, Dr. Joseph Silverman, opposed any attempt to present the suffrage issue to consideration of the assembled rabbis.”

1918: Dr. Alexander Dushkin announced today that 3,700 new members have joined “the Jewish Community” which has its headquarters on Second Avenue and has been conducting a membership drive that has “included Jews of all classes” in New York City.

1918: In New York, Regina and Nisim Yeuda Levy gave birth to World War II veteran Louis N. Levy, the husband of Rena Dweck and a leader in the Sephardic community in the United States.

http://www.sephardicstudies.org/Louis-Levy.html

1918: In Paris, “Lazare Kessel, a promising actor of Jewish Russian descent whom committed suicide” and his wife gave birth to author Maurice Druon who along with his Uncle Joseph Kessel wrote the lyrics “to the unofficial anthem of the French Resistance” in 1943.”

https://www.theguardian.com/books/2009/apr/16/maurice-druon-obituary

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/culture-obituaries/books-obituaries/5173001/Maurice-Druon.html

1919: The funeral for one year old Pearl Gerber, the daughter of Edward and Rose E. Gerber was held today in Chicago.

1920: Political change comes to the Ottoman Empire as the national council denounces Sultan Mehmed VI and The Grand National Assembly of Turkey is formed.  These events are steps down the road to the dismemberment of the Ottoman Empire and the creation of modern day Turkey. The end of the Ottoman Empire was a critical factor in the creation of a Jewish Homeland that led to the state of Israel.  But this dismemberment has been a critical factor that haunts the Middle East to this day.

1920(5th of Iyyar, 5680): Isaac Gause passed away.  Born in 1843 in Ohio, he was a corporal in the 2nd OhioCavalry (USA) Army who won the Medal of Honor for valor displayed at Berryville, VA, in September of 1864.

1921(15thof Nisan, 5681): First Day of Pesach

1921(15thof Nisan, 5681): Seventy-three year old Israel Zeitoun, “the chief rabbi and president of the Rabbinical Court in Tunis” passed away today.

http://dbs.bh.org.il/image/rabbi-israel-zeitoun-chief-rabbi-of-tunisia-1917-1921

http://dbs.bh.org.il/image/rabbi-israel-zeitoun-chief-rabbi-of-tunisia-1917-1921

1921: Gambler Nick Arenstein and comedic actress Fannie Brice gave birth abstract painter William Brice.

http://www.lalouver.com/resource/brice_bio/brice_obituary.pdf

1923: Birthdate of Shlomo Hillel an Iraqi-born Israeli diplomat and politician who served as Speaker of the Knesset, Minister of Police and Minister of Internal Affairs. He was also an ambassador to several countries in Africa.

1923: Birthdate of dancer Melissa Hayden

1923: Birthdate of Avram Davidson. Born in Yonkers, NY, educated at NYU, Yeshiva U and Pierce College, he spent a year in the Israeli Amy during the Arab-Israeli War of 1948-49. His first sale was to Orthodox Jewish Life Magazine eight years before he broke into the genre. Originally an observant Orthodox Jew. Converted to Tenrikyo in 1970, after which he spent time in Japan, studied the religion intensely, and translated some texts into English.He was a writer of fantasy fiction, science fiction, and crime fiction, as well as the author of many unclassifiable but unforgettable stories that do not fit into a genre niche. He won a Hugo Award and was three time winner of the World Fantasy Award in the science fiction and fantasy genre, and a Queen's Award and an Edgar Award in the mystery genre. Davidson edited The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction from 1962 to 1964. He passed away in 1993.



1924: In Columbia, South Carolina dress shop manager Mordecai Moses Donen and Helen Cohen, the daughter of a jewelry salesman gave birth to director and choreographer best known for “Singing’ In the Rain” and “On the Town.”

1926: Sixty-eight year old Joseph Pennell, the artist and author whose works include The Jew at Home: Impressions of a Summer and Autumn Spent With Him.

https://archive.org/details/jewathomeimpress00pennrich

1928: “The Plastic Age” produced by B.P. Schulberg which would gain the attention of Adolph Zukor, the CEO of Paramount, was released today in Finland.

1929: In Pairs, Frederick Steiner, a senior lawyer in the Austrian Central Bank and Else Steiner, “a Viennese Grande Dame” gave birth to Francis George Steiner “French-born American literary critic, essayist, philosopher, novelist, and educator” whose works include Portage to San Cristobal of A.H., in which Jewish Nazi hunters find Adolf Hitler (the "A.H." of the novella's title) alive in the Amazon jungle thirty years after the end of World War II

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Portage_to_San_Cristobal_of_A.H.

1930: In New York City, stockbroker Louis E. Oppenheimer and his wife Irene (née Rothschild) Oppenheimer gave birth to Alan Oppenheimer who had a long list of movie and television credits to his name including the role of Dr. Rudy Wells in the “Six Million Dollar Man.”

1930: In Brooklyn, attorney Louis Cohen and his wife gave birth to Arthur George Cohen “who began a roller-coaster real estate career with a $25,000 investment in tract housing on Long Island before creating the nation’s largest publicly held real estate company, teaming up with tycoons like Aristotle Onassis to build trophy Manhattan skyscrapers…” (As reported by Douglas Martin)

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/16/nyregion/arthur-g-cohen-real-estate-developer-is-dead-at-84.html?ref=obituaries&_r=0

1933: “A conference of executive directors of Y.M.H.A.’s, Y.W H.A’s and Jewish Community Centers” is which is considering “an evaluation of present membership policies, news systems of membership and other measures that will build up memberships in Jewish centers scheduled to continue for a second day at the 92ndStreet Y.

1934: Abraham Stavsky, Zvi Rosenblatt and Abba Achimeyer went on trial for the murder of Dr. Chaim Arlosoroff today in Jerusalem.

1935: According to an announcement made today by Dr. Gross, the head “of the Nazi party’s race bureau” “the exclusion of Jewish children from public schools in Germany and their transfer to special Jewish schools is the next point in the government’s program for dealing with German Jews.”

1936(1st of Iyar, 5696): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1936: Isaac Ben Zvi, representing Vaad Leumi (the Palestine Jewish National council) and Rabbi Moses Blau of Agudath Israel call on Jon Hall, Chief Secretary of the Palestine Government and asked him to prevent Arabs living in surrounding villages from coming to Jerusalem tomorrow.  The villagers are coming in response to a call from the Mufit of Jerusalem.  The fears of the Jewish leaders are based on the current climate of violence in Palestine and the fact that the current conditions remind one of conditions that resulted in the violent Arab riots in August of 1929.  As if to underscore their concerns, reports have surfaced in Jerusalem that the “private offices of the May of Tel Aviv…were plundered in Jaffa this afternoon.”

1936: John Hathorn Hall, Chief Secretary of the Palestine Government refused the request of Isaac Ben Zvi of the Vaad Leumi (the Palestine Jewish National Council) and Rabbi Moses Blau of Agudath Israel to prevents villages from coming into Jerusalem tomorrow because “they were coming for religious purposes.”  Blau responded, “That is the same reply I received from the High Commissioner Luke in 1929 just before the big massacre of Jews began.”

1936: In Massachusetts, “Alexander Lincoln, president of the Sentinels of the Republic, whose recently voiced belief that ‘the Jewish threat is a real one,’ cause a storm of protest, resigned from the State Board of Tax appeals today” at the same time that Governor Curley was trying to oust from the postion.

1936: Governor James Michael Curley announced today that he would appoint Abraham Webber, a leader in the Jewish community to serve as a Public Utility Commissioner.

1936: “Travelers returning from Poland” brought “reports of pogroms and persecution in the larger cities” and described the “state of affairs” under which the Jews are living as “pitiable.”

1936: The Jewish Telegraph Agency “said that thirty persons had been killed in the four days of Arab-Jewish clashes” and approximately 190 more had been wounded.



1936: “David Ben Gurion, Chairman of the Executive of the Jewish Agency for Palestine spoke by telephone from Jerusalem with American Jewish leaders today and said that the Jewish community in Palestine would not be dissuaded from their “work of rebuilding the country” because of the current violence.

1937(12thof Iyar, 5697): Sixty-six year old Austrian obstetrician and gynecologist, Josef van Halban, the son of Philipp and Anna Sara Hinda Halban  and the husband of opera singer Selma von Halban passed away today in Vienna.

1938(22ndof Nisan, 5698): Eighth Day of Pesach and Shabbat

1938: Rabbi Samuel H. Goldenson is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “Jews by Birth and Jews by Belief” at Temple Emanu-El.

1938: Rabbi William F. Rosenblum is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “One Third of the Nation and the Other Two Thirds” at Temple Israel.

1938: Rabbi Alexander Segel is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “The Four Parties in Israel at the Red Sea” today at the Fort Washington Synagogue.

1938: In Carrigrohane, René Dreyfus took ahead of his number one pole position to win the Cork Crand Prix in which he posted the fastest lap as well.

1938 Jews in Vienna, Austria, were rounded up on the Sabbath by Nazis and forced to eat grass at the Prater, a local amusement park. Many of the victimized Jews suffered heart attacks and a few died.

1939: The police arrested 218 more illegal immigrants near Jaffa early this morning.  The group that included fifty women and ten children had been put ashore by a Greek ship near Ashkelon.  The British forces found them wandering in the dunes.  They were taken to holding camps in Jaffa.  Along the way, the convoy passed several Jewish settlements where the residents cheered these latest escapees from Hitler’s Europe.

1940(15thof Nisan, 5700): Pesach

1940: The Chief of Naval Operations “publicly stated that Admiral Joseph Taussig’s views” on the inevitably of war between Japan and the United States if present trends continue “were contrary to the Navy Department’s and today issued a reprimand that was placed in Taussig’s file.”

1940: The Nazis ordered the Jews to jump in cesspool at the Stutthof Labor Camp. The short ones drown.

1941: Eighty year old Davenport, IA native Charles Edward Russell the author of Haym Salomon and the Revolution and a leading supporter of the creation of a Jewish state in Palestine passed away today in Washington, D.C.

1942: German occupation in France are scheduled to execute eighty hostages in Rouen today and deport another one thousand to “labor camps in the East” if the saboteurs responsible for wrecking a German troop train are turned over to authorities.

1943(18thof Nisan, 5703): Saartje Polak de Beer and Wed. E. Polake de Levie, two sixty year olds from Goor were murdered at Sobibor today.

1943(18thof Nisan, 5703): Seventy-seven year old Alexander Gotthold Ephraim Freud passed

1943: “Clancy Street Boys” a Bowery Boys comedy produced by Sam Katzman and Jack Dietz was released in the United States today.

1943: Much to everybody's surprise, the Warsaw Uprising continues even though supplies and weapons are at the bare minimum.  By now the Poles know what is going on.  They watch, but they offer no aid.  The Polish underground will suffer a similar fate in 1945.  Then they will rise up against the Nazis, but the Soviet troops wait outside the city giving the Germans to wipe the predominately non-Communist part of the resistance movement.  As somebody once said, as you treat your Jews, so shall you be treated.

1944: “Following the German occupation of Germany” today, the Portuguese ruler António de Oliveira Salazar decided to order his ambassador to return to Lisbon and leave Teixeira Branquinho,  as the chargé d'affaires, in his place – a move which made it possible for the courageous Branquinho to save at least a thousand Jews from the Nazis and their Hungarian allies.

1944: Otto Armster, a German military intelligence officer who was part of the plot to kill Hitler was arrested by the Gestapo today where he was taken Berlin and placed in solitary confinement.

1944: Senator Guy Gillette of Iowa was among those scheduled to at tonight’s dinner in Boston where a “colony bearing the name of Commonwealth Massachusetts” which is in fact a“tract of about 1,320 acres that has been acquired in Palestine by the Jewish National Fund of New England for the settlement of 600 Jewish families” facing death in Hungary and Rumania” was dedicated.

1945: Units from the U.S Army’s 2nd Cavalry Group, Mechanized, the 90th Infantry Division and the 97th Infantry Division liberated Flossenburg Concentration Camp today where they found 1,600 survivors including Czech journalist Josef Taussig in a place where at one time the Nazis had murdered 30,000 inmates.

1945:”Twenty-year old Army medic Anthony Acevdo” who had been captured on January 6, 1945  during the Battle of the Bulge after which he was shipped to Berga with “350 Jews and other undesirables and who had been keeping a secret diary describing the Nazi atrocities since March 25, was freed today.

1945: As Nazi power crumbled Deutsche Lufthansa’s last flight departed from Berlin’s Tempelhoff bound for Madrid which it would never reach because the Allies shot it down.

1946: Forces of the Irgun including Dov Bel Gruner attacked the police station in Ramat Gan.  Two policemen were killed and Gruner, who was wounded in the attack, was taken prisoner.

1947: The trial of Hans Biebow “the chief of German Nazi administration of the Łódź Ghetto in occupied Poland” began today.

1948(14th of Nisan, 5708): Erev Pesach the rations given out in Jerusalem for the observance of Passover included 2 lbs. of potatoes, ½ lb of fish, 4 lb. of matzo, 1 ½ oz. dried fruit, ½ lb. meat, and ½ lb. of matzo flour. As one who was there later wrote, “For the trapped citizens of Jerusalem, who had become accustomed to privation, the Passover provisions seemed like a banquet. However, for the citizens of Jerusalem, it was not a particularly merry affair. On the verge of their national freedom, the inhabitants of Jerusalem sat somberly around their tables. This was the first time since the nightly shellings that the city's citizens had come together in assembly in the various homes throughout the city that had been the dream of two thousand years' Seders. Tonight is a holiday, but tomorrow the struggle will go on. As they sat to begin the Seder, they heard the beginning of the snipers bullets looking for a straggler in the streets. But tonight was different. As they opened the door, as they had done for scores of generations, to welcome in Elijah, there was no fear. Tonight is a night of divine protection. As the Holy One protected the Jews in Egypt, so shall he protect us here in the war torn city of Jerusalem. "Once we were slaves, but today we are free men" recited in the Haggadah, took on new meaning. The British are leaving, the Arabs are attacking, and we are beginning our new national lives as free men in our own country. "Next year in Jerusalem" had a meaning that we never before understood. We meant it; we would not relinquish our dream to return to our homeland, to the city that has been in our hearts throughout the two thousand year exile. Now we are free men, tomorrow we must continue the fight to remain free.

1948: Corporal David Hyman Rubenstein the 19th Milford, Massachusetts man to lose his life in World War IIwas buried at Beth Israel Cemetery in Everett, with full military honors. “Milford’s Fallen Family” of that war would come to total 55. Rubenstein was killed in action, in France, on July 4, 1944. Weeks after his death, his last letter arrived home. Written on June 28 from a fox hole, it described the “carnage about him ... as a slaughterhouse.”

1948: The port of Haifa was captured by elements of the Israeli Carmeli Brigade.  On April 21, the general commanding British forces in Haifa announced that he was withdrawing his forces in 24 hours.  This announcement resulted in an outbreak of fighting between Jewish and Arab forces.  Unfortunately for the Arabs, their three to leaders fled at the outbreak of the fighting, demoralizing the population.  The British general lost his bet that neither side would win as the outnumbered members of the Haganah took control.  Despite efforts of the Jewish leaders to convince them to remain, most of the city’s Arab population left for Lebanon or Nazareth.  . Today, Haifa is a thriving and diverse cultural and ethnic center, home to Jews, Arabs, and Druze, and marked for its high level of coexistence.  It is this level of harmony that has made Haifa a target for terrorist bombings in the latest wave of Arab violence.

1949(24th of Nisan, 5709): Parashat Shmini

1949(2th of Nisan, 5709): Sixty-two year old Columbia trained statistician William Morris Feigenbaum, the Antwerp, Belgium born son of Benjamin Feigenbaum, husband of Margaret Feigenbaum and father of Thomas B Feigenbaum who a Socialist political leader and  “associated editor of The New Leader” passed away today.

1950: St. Louis Browns pitcher Sid Schacht made his major league baseball debut.

1950: Correspondent Gene Currivan evaluates Israel’s chances for survival and offers an explanations for her success against her more powerful Arab neighbors in an article published today entitled “Mid-East Peace Nearer Despite Arab Gestures.”  He points out that the Arab League’s failure to provide a common front was but one of the many problems facing the Arabs.  “At the outset of the Israel-Arab war, when the Arabs spoke of 40,000,000 Arabs banding together against Israel, the were thinking in terms of Moslems, but the Moslems of Saudi Arabia, Iran and Afghanistan could not have cared less…When those who did enter the war sat back and licked their wounds, they probably wonder what all the shouting had been about.  The war was started by the Arabs in defiance of the United Nations’ partition plan which they had refused to accept…The Arabs made a grave mistake…but they are reluctant to forgive and forget.”

1950: Israel continued to celebrate its second year of independence as Dr. Weizmann receives congratulatory visits by foreign dignitaries lead by U.S. Ambassador James G MacDonald.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that the "past seven days was the bloodiest week along Israeli borders for a long time." Two Israelis were murdered at Mevuot Betar, the marauders were active in the South, in Galilee and Jerusalem. There was a general outcry when General Bennet L. de Ridder, the U.N. Chairman of the Israel-Jordan Mixed Armistice Commission refused to comply with the Israeli request to call an emergency meeting of the Commission to discuss the latest developments and, in particular, the murder of Zvi Genauer and his niece, Dvora, in Jerusalem. This incomprehensible U.N. decision was taken despite the fact that the tracks of the three marauders, responsible for this murder, were discovered by an U.N. observer and an Israeli officer who noted that they led to the Jordanian-occupied village of Beit Iksa. The General claimed that it was not the duty of his Commission to deal with incidents "of this type."

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that Israel's three-years-long land survey, conducted by the Ministry of Agriculture, was almost completed.

1954: Jockey William Harmatz rode six consecutive winners “at Bay Meadows Racetrack.”

1954: Cincinnati pitcher Moe Savransky made his major league baseball debut.


1955: In New York, Robert and Patricia Mozer gave birth to Paul William Mozer, the Salomon Brothers employee who “played a pivotal role in a bond scandal.”


1955(1st of Iyar, 5715): Parashat Tazria-Metzora; Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1955(1st of Iyar, 5715): Three days before her 51st birthday, Marion Elkus Kohlman passed away after which she was buried at the Springhill Avenue Temple Cemetery in Mobile, Alabama.

1955: Final performance of “The Dark Is Light Enough” featuring as Marian Winters “Gelda.”

1956: For the third time, Sigmund Freud is featured on the cover of Timemagazine.

1957(22nd of Nisan, 5717): 8th day of Pesach

1957(22nd of Nisan, 5717): Lucille Frank, the widow of Leo Frank, passed away, a victim of heart disease.

1958(3rd of Iyar, 5718): Yom HaZikaron

1958: Birthdate of Radu Mihăileanu, the native of Bucharest who moved to Paris in 1989 where he gained fame as a film director and screenwriter.

1958: The first production of “J.B.” a play written in free verse which is a modern retelling of the story of the biblical figure Job opened today at Yale University.

1958: “Expresso Bongo,” a musical with a book co-authored by Wolf Mankowitz and music by Monty Norman opened for the first time at the Saville Theatre in London today.

1958: San Francisco Giants outfielder Don Taussig appeared in his first major league baseball game.

1959(15th of Nisan, 5719): Pesach

1960(26th of Nisan, 5720): Parashat Shmini

1960(26th of Nisan, 5720): Sixty-five year old Abraham Samuel Samuels, the native of Woltzin, Poland who came to the United States in 1922 where he served as Rabbi in Elmira, NY and was active in a number of Jewish organizations including the United Charities for Palestine passed away today.

1960: In Shaker Heights, Raphael Silver and Joan Micklin Silver, both of whom were directors, gave birth to Marisa Silver, an American author, screenwriter and film director. She is a second generation film director.


1961: Judy Garland, two of whose five husbands were Jewish and who was re-interred at Beth Olam Cemetery performed at Carnegie Hall today.

1963(29th of Nisan, 5723):Seventy-eight year old Yitzhak Ben-Zvi, third President of Israel passed away.


1963: Kadish Luz was named interim President of Israel.

1964(11th of Iyar, 5724): Seventy-seven year old Vienna born economist and WW I veteran of the Austrian Army Karly Polanyi, the author of the Great Transformation and husband of the former Illona Duczynska, the Hungarian author and translator with whom he raised Canadian economist Kari Polanyi Levitt, passed away today in Ontario.


1966(3rd of Iyar, 5726): Parashat Tazria-Metzora

1966(3rd of Iyar, 5726): Eighty-one year old Gertrude D.H. Perlman “a lawyer for more than fifty years and an attorney with the New York State Mortgage Commission” who was the widow of Max Perlman passed away today.

1968: “I’m Solomon,” an Ernest Gold musical opened on Broadway today.

1969(4th of Iyar, 5729): Yom HaZikaron

1969(4th of Iyar, 5729): Eighty-three year old San Francisco architect Albert Gustave Landsburg the son of Rebecca and Simon Lazarus Landsburg passed away today.




1969: Sirhan Sirhan was sentenced to death for killing Bobby Kennedy. Sirhan Sirhan's sentence was commuted to life in prison.  He still is serving his sentence.  The young Palestinian claimed that he shot Kenney because he was a supporter of Israel.  Yes, the terror and the violence are an old story.

1975: At Tulane University, U.S. President Gerald Ford stated that the war is over as far as the United States was concerned. According to at least one Jewish Tulane alum, this was an appropriate place to make such an announcement since the primarily poitically apathetic campus had missed the start of the war.

1969: Birthdate of novelist Arthur Phillips, the native of Minneapolis whose works include Prague, The Egyptologist,Angelica, The Song Is You and The Tragedy of Arthur


1972: At an “academic convocation held under the auspices of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America” a thousand people saw “His Excellency the Right Honourable Roland Michener, governor general of Canada, accepted the honorary degree of doctor of laws from Rabbi Louis Finkelstein, chancellor of the seminary. In his acceptance speech, Michener “made special reference to the125thanniversary of Congregation Shaar Hashomayim.” (Page 284) http://books.google.com/books?id=PWuH05fuO9wC&pg=RA1-PA285&lpg=RA1-PA285&dq=Dr.+Bernard+Mandelbaum&source=bl&ots=bzSVSV6pVQ&sig=SlzJkl3VUjMfoiP89pAHmdBBPkg&hl=en&ei=y18ySofiKsGDtgfPsMm-CQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1#v=onepage&q=Dr.%20Bernard%20Mandelbaum&f=false

1972(9thof Iyar, 5732): Fifty year old University of Chicago trained attorney Lester Robert Uretz , “the chief counsel of the IRS and husband of Miriam Uretz with whom he raised “two sons and two daughters” passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/1972/04/25/archives/lester-r-uretz.html



1972(9th of Iyar, 5732): Seventy-five year old British racecar driver Albert Moss who was the father of the more famous racecar driver Sterling Moss passed away today.

1973(21st of Nisan, 5733): Seventh Day of Pesach

1973(21st of Nisan, 5755): Eighty-five year old Leonard Jacques Stein, the barrister and MP who served as President of the Anglo-Jewish Association and Jewish Historical Society of England passed away today.

1974(1st of Iyar, 5734): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1974(1st of Iyar, 5734): Fifty year old Barnard College graduate and former Martha Graham dancer Mrs. Natanya Neumann, “the wife of Harold P. Manson, director of the office of academic affairs of the American Friends of the Hebrew University” passed away today.




1974: Senator Ted Kennedy arrived in Moscow today where he planned to discuss issues related to the Middle East and emigration.

1977(5th of Iyar, 5737): Parashat Tazria-Metzora

1977(5th of Iyar, 5737): Eighty-six year old Vienna native William Popper, the son of Johanna and Herman Joseph Popper and the husband of Annie Popper passed away today in San Francisco.

1984(21st of Nisan, 5744): Seventh Day of Pesach

1984(21st of Nisan, 5744): Seventy-six year old boxer Ruby Goldstein, who was one of the most referees of his time passed away today.


1984: During an attempt at reconciliation, at “family dinner at the Carlyle Hotel” Lillian Goldman, the estranged wife of millionaire Sol Godman agreed to return to her husband and the reconciliation agreement which was written on the spot by Raoul Felder, Mr. Goldman’s lawyer included a stipulation that she would receive one million dollars in cash “within a week and additional five million dollars by April, 1989.

1986(14th of Nisan, 5746): Fast of the First Born

1986(14th of Nisan, 5746): Composer Harold Arlen passed away. Born Hyman Arluck in 1905, in Buffalo, New York, Arlen's father was a cantor.  Arlen inherited his father's voice and the family hoped he would become a cantor, or at least a doctor or a lawyer.  However, Arlen showed a propensity for the piano.  He moved to New York City in the 1920's where he flourished as composer of a variety of hits. Some of his most famous music is heard every time the Wizard of Oz is shown on television.  Arlene was murdered in 1981 at the age of 81

http://www.haroldarlen.com/home.html

1986(14th of Nisan, 5746): Director and actor, Otto Preminger passed away.  Born on December 5, 1905, in Vienna, Preminger began as a director and producer in the theatre.  He came to the United States in 1935 as a film director.  Later he left to work in the theatre in New York.  He returned to Hollywood as actor where he played the Nazi or German officer in several films, most notably Stalag 17, the product of another Jew, Billy Wilder.  Preminger and others were struck by the success a Jew from Austria had playing Nazi soldiers.  Preminger returned to directing movies, one of which, Anatomy of A Murder is considered to be one of the finest legal/mystery movies ever made.  He passed away after suffering from Alzheimer's Disease for many years.

http://www.ottopreminger.com/

1986:An Israeli Defense Ministry official said today that Avraham Bar-Am, a retired Israeli general who is among those accused in a smuggling case involving attempts by Iran to buy American-made weapons through illegal channels, was licensed to deal in weapons, but not in a manner that violated the law.

1986: CBS broadcast the final episode of “Fast Times” a television miniseries based on the movies of the same name both of which were directed by Amy Heckerling.

1987: Birthdate of Israeli singer and songwriter Boaz Mauda.

1990(28th of Nisan, 5750): Actress Paulette Goddard passed away


1991(9th of Iyar, 5751): Seventy-nine year old attorney and advocate for the rights of women Harriet Fleischel Pilpel, the Bronx born daughter of Julius and Ethel Flieshl, passed away today in New York City.





1992(20th of Nisan, 5752): Sixth Day of Pesach

1992: Two days after he had passed away, funeral services were scheduled to be held for eighty-one year old Chicago born and University of Chicago trained attorney Morris I Leibman, the husband of Mary Leibman with whom he raised two sons and recipient of the Freedom Medal,



1993: The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum opened on the Mall in Washington, DC under the chairmanship of Miles Lerman. Born Shmuel Milek Lerman in 1920 in Tomaszov-Lubelski, Poland was a Holocaust survivor.  He was appointed to the chairmanship by Jimmy Carter and given responsibility for creating this American memorial to the Shoah. (As reported by Dennis Hevesi)

1994: In a letter to the New York Times historian Ronald N. Stromberg wrote, “"The Italian government did not turn a single Jew over to the Germans despite great pressure…"

1995(23rd of Nisan, 5755):  Howard Cosell passed away.  Born Howard Cohen in Winston Salem, North Carolina in 1918, Cosell was educated in New York.  Ah yes, grits and gefilte fish.  Trained as a lawyer, Cosell gained fame as a sports broadcaster.  He helped revolutionize television football coverage and changed American social mores with his participation in Monday Night Football on ABC.  Cosell was a controversial figure with as many supporters as detractors. But when he passed away, all that was remembered was the man who was "the first to tell it like it is" in the world of sport.

http://www.nytimes.com/1995/04/24/obituaries/howard-cosell-outspoken-sportscaster-on-television-and-radio-is-dead-at-77.html



1996(4thof Iyar, 5756): Yom HaZikaron

1997(16thof Nisan, 5757): Second Day of Pesach

1997(16thof Nisan, 5757): One hundred year old Esther Schiff Goldfrank passed away in New York.

http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/goldfrank-esther-schiff

1998(27th of Nisan, 5758): Yom HaShoah.

1999:After months of testing, today McDonald's officially unveiled -- in 6,000 stores across the Midwest and Northeast, including New York and New Jersey -- three new ''bagel breakfast sandwiches.'' Ana Madan-Russo, president of McDonald's New York Tri-State Owners and Operators association, says franchise owners are excited about selling bagel sandwiches ''in the bagel capital of the world.'' Not so fast, says Mr. Zabar, dissecting a McDonald's steak, egg and cheese bagel in Eli's, his market on the Upper East Side.

A true bagel, he asserts, must be boiled, then baked to achieve authenticity. ''This one,'' he says regretfully, ''has been steamed, not boiled.'' He notes the telltale signs, the wimpy crust and the soft inside that pulls apart without a fight. ''It's like Wonder bread in a circle,'' he says. ''A New York bagel fights with you. It's tough on the outside, and chewy on the inside, and you struggle with it.'' Elena Ramos, marketing director for McDonald's in New York, dismisses as irrelevant whether McDonald's bagels are steamed or boiled, or treated with any special preservatives. ''I'm not sure if the customers buying them up get into all that,'' she says. The company has no plans to sell bagel sandwiches in its other 7,000 restaurants outside the Midwest and Northeast, and Ms. Ramos says it is too soon to tell whether the McDonald's bagels will catch on with New York City's sizable population of bagel nuts. But, she notes, they sold briskly in several test markets, including Hartford. In addition to the steak bagel, McDonald's is offering a Spanish omelet bagel and one with ham, egg and cheese.

''It looks like the customers love them as much as we do,'' she says. Indeed, some New Yorkers welcome the menu additions. ''They should gear food for the area they're in,'' says Joseph Loach, 39, of Brooklyn, during lunch in McDonald's at Eighth Avenue and 43d Street. ''Bagels are definitely indicative of New York.'' Which is precisely the worry for some New York food aficionados, who view the bagel as the city's cultural equivalent to Paris's baguette. For New Yorkers who first tasted bagels as teething babes, the notion of a ham, egg and cheese bagel topped with McDonald's special ''breakfast sauce'' may seem, well, unorthodox. Like lox on white. Or pastrami with mayonnaise. Ed Levine, author of ''New York Eats (More),'' bemoans the McDonald's bagel invasion as ''a scary proposition.''''It seems to be that this is the logical extension of the commodification of bagels,'' he says. ''A bagel used to have character. Now anything that's vaguely round, that's puffed up with a hole in it, can be called a bagel. I knew this was coming.'' He worries that in the age of fast food chains and relentless mass marketing, McDonald's $2.49 bagel sandwiches will ever so gradually diminish a durable New York icon. ''I'm nostalgic, but many people will taste McDonald bagels and think they're fine,'' he says. ''They've made the bagel into a neutral food. They used to be made with malt and have a crust. Now even many New Yorkers don't want their bagels with a crust.'' A skeptic might ask whether the Big Apple has any proprietary rights to the bagel. New York, after all, didn't invent the bagel. According to one popular legend, that honor dates to 1683, when some Viennese bakers cooked up a few in tribute to Jan Sobieski, the King of Poland. Bagels made their way to New York in the early part of this century with Eastern European Jewish immigrants. Now the bagel is everywhere. In Canada, Toronto holds a weekly Bagel Bash. Mattoon, Ill., sponsors Bagelfest! In Boston, there's a New Year's Eve Bagel-Off. On the Internet, you can find yourself a bagel consultant, or read bagel poems. Some of New York's most established bagel makers have done their share to spread bagels to the masses. When a reporter visits H & H Bagels on Broadway and 80th Street, the owner, Helmer Toro, sends over a media kit boasting that his company supplies bagels to Dunkin' Donuts. He even provides a list of celebrity customers, including such un-New York names as Ann Landers. And yet Mr. Toro, when asked about the McDonald's bagels, is crushing in his response: ''They're not a quality product.'' The reviews are more generous just up Broadway in Zabar's, another New York bagel landmark. The owner, Saul Zabar, 70, is the older brother of Eli Zabar. Saul Zabar dissected the Spanish omelet bagel. ''Hey, these bagels aren't bad,'' he says, tasting first the egg, then the sausage patty and then the bagel itself. ''My God, I think it's remarkable.'' And Dr. Rick Feinberg, eating a Zabar's bagel with Nova and cream cheese at the counter, makes a sheepish concession: If he were on the highway in some strange place, and if he were really hungry, he might just be tempted to stop at a McDonald's and try one -- though he probably would stick with an Egg McMuffin



1999: The Times of London reviews Weathered by Mircacles: A history of Palestine from Bonaparte and Muhammad Ali to Ben-Gurion and the Mufti by Thomas A Idinopulos.

2000: An exhibit entitled “Berlin Metropolis: Jews and the New Culture, 1890 – 1918” comes to an end at the Jewish Museum in New York City. “’Berlin Metropolis’ focused on a number of Jewish modernists in Berlin. None of them solitary artists, they gathered together at galleries, cafés, theaters, and around avant-garde journals—Jews and Gentiles, Germans and non-Germans—furthering what was innovative in the arts and bringing it to a wider public. They opened up Berlin to international movements: French Impressionism, the Symbolism of the Norwegian Edvard Munch, French Cubism, and Italian Futurism. Jews and non-Jews were partners in this project, forming close professional and personal relationships. Together they helped define the agenda for twentieth-century culture.”

2000: The New York Times included reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Ravelstein by Saul Bellow and No Logo: Taking Aim at the Bullies by Naomi Klein. 

2001: Eight people were injured when during a bombing at Or Yehuda near Ben Gurion Airport for which Hamas took credit.

2002: Mast of the Senate, the third volume in Joseph Caro’s biographical series about Lyndon B. John which was won the 2003 Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography was released today.

2002: “Only a Woman Like You” an album by Michael Bolton was released today.

2003(21st of Nisan, 5763): Professor Bernard Katz, German-born biophysicist passed away at the age of 92. Born and educated in Germany, Katz fled to Britain during the 1930’s. He shared the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine in 1970 with Julius Axelrod and Ulf von Euler. He was knighted in 1970. (As reported by Sandra Blaeslee)


2004: Today, “the President of Rutgers University condemned The Medium, a weekly campus publishing for printing a front-page a “cartoon depicting a bearded man wearing a hat and sitting on the edge of an open kitchen stove in a carnival setting,” under the heading ''Holocaust Remembrance Week,'' with a t caption that  reads: ''Knock a Jew in the oven! Three throws for one dollar!''

2005(14th of Nisan, 5765): As Jews sit down to celebrate the first night of Pesach they can enjoy what the New York Times describes as two zippy kosher whites from California and a pretty Israeli red from the Judean Hills: Baron Herzog's citric 2003 chenin blanc, Baron Herzog's herbal 2003 sauvignon blanc and Carmel's juicy 2002 cabernet.” In this post-Manischewitz era, with dry trumping sweet, they can be sipped all night.”

2005: At the Nottingham Playhouse, final performance of Arnold Wesker’s “Chicken Soup with Barley.’

http://www.britishtheatreguide.info/reviews/chickensoup-rev

2006: Aharon Friedman of Brooklyn married Tamar Epstein, seven years his junior, of suburban Philadelphia. Years later, their messy divorce would rock some in the Orthodox world over his refusal to grant her a get.

2006: The Washington Post reviewed books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including In Search of Memory:The Emergence of a New ScienceMindby Nobel Prize Laureate Eric R. Kandel.

2006: The New York Times reviewed books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including “Seducing the Demon: Writing for My Life” by Erica Jong and “Elements of Style” by Wendy Wasserstein who died of lymphoma at the age of 55 in January of 2006.

2007: Yom Ha'atzma'ut – Israel Independence Day begins at sundown as Israel celebrates her 59th birthday.

2007: “Shulamit ‘Shula’ Cohen-Kishik, a spy Mossad who worked undercover in Lebanon for 14 years” and was faced the possibility of death by hanging when she captured “was chosen to light a torch this year’s Independence Day ceremony.

http://www.timesofisrael.com/israeli-spy-shulamit-cohen-kishik-dies-at-100/

2007: The Center for Jewish History in New York presents “An Evening with Acclaimed International PEN Author and Essayist George Konrad.” The Hungarian born Konrad discusses his recently published autobiography, A Guest In My Own Country.

2007: Judy and Larry Rosenstein Memorial Lecture at Tulane University features ProfessorDavid Stern, University of Pennsylvania speaking on "Through the Pages of the Past: The Jewish Book in Its Historical Context.”

2008: The Jerusalem Cinematheque features a screening of “Lonely Man of Faith: The Life and Legacy of Rabbi Joseph B. Soloveitchik”

2008(18th of Nisan, 5768): Fourth Day of Pesach

2008(18th of Nisan, 5768): Esta Saltzman, a veteran of the Yiddish Theatre passed away today.

http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E02E5DD113AF93BA15757C0A96E9C8B63

2009: In New York, a screening of “The Forgotten Refugees” the award-winning film documenting the 20th Century exodus of Jews from the Middle East and North Africa.

2009: In Chevy Chase, Maryland,Aaron David Miller, a State Department veteran and most recently a senior adviser for Arab-Israeli negotiations discusses his recent book, “The Much Too Promised Land: America's Elusive Search for Arab-Israeli Peace.”

2009: Holocaust Survivor Irene Furst speaks to the students of Kirkwood Community College in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.

2010(9th of Iyar, 5770): “One Israeli worshiper was killed and five were wounded in Nablus early this morning after their vehicle was shot at by Palestinian security forces as they were exiting the city from prayer services held at Joseph's Tomb.”

2010: In “Emma Freud: My Father, Clement Freud, Remembered” a daughter describes her feeling a year after her famous father’s death.

http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2010/apr/24/clement-freud-funeral-emma-freud

2010: “American chess player, martial arts competitor and author” Joshua Waitzkin “married Desiree Cifre, a screenwriter and former contestant on The Amazing Race.”

2010: Robyn Helzner, one of the leading interpreters of world Jewish music, and Cantor Larry Paul are scheduled to lead a Carlebach-inspired service at the Historic Sixth & I Synagogue in Washington, D.C.

2010:Wendy Becker & Rik Howard are scheduled to lead a special Musical Shabbat Service at Temple Judah in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.

2010: “The Chameleon” starring Ellen Barken as “Kimberly Miller” premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival.

2011(19th of Nisan, 5771): Shabbat Chol Hamoed Pesach

2011: Today’s tours at the Skirball Cultural Center are scheduled to focus on Passover.

2011: The Los Angeles Times featured a review of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including 'Onward: How Starbucks Fought for Its Life Without Losing Its Soul' by Howard Schultz.

2012: The Broadway revival production of “Ghost the Musical” starring Cassie Shira Levy as “Molly Jensen” a role she created in the original Broadway production opened at the Lunt-Fontanne Theatre.

2012:Library of Congress, LCPA Hebrew Language Table is scheduled to present an address by Canadian/Israeli journalist Judie Oron based on “Cry of the Giraffe, “an award-winning book based on the story of an Ethiopian Jewish teenager named Wuditu who, together with her younger sister, Lewteh, was separated from her family in a violent incident in a refugee camp in Sudan.”

2012: Ambassador Peter Rosenblatt is scheduled to take part in a Q&A following a screening of “Turkish Passport” at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.  Turkish Passport tells “the little-known story of the righteous Turkish diplomats posted in several European countries who saved the lives of many Jews during World War II by enabling them to find safety in Istanbul. (Considering current conditions between Israel and Turkey, this film is well-worth seeing.)

2012: A weeklong program designed to highlight the role of the Jews in the life of Wurzburg is scheduled to come to an end today in this northern German city.

2012(1st of Iyar, 5772): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

2012: Egyptian engineer Hani Dahi, executive director of the Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation, said today that the military council and the government had no part in the decision to terminate Egypt's agreement to provide natural gas to Israel.. (As reported by Avi Issacharoff and Amos Harel)

2012:Anti-Zionist graffiti was found this morning sprayed at various locations at the Ammunition Hill memorial site in Jerusalem.  The graffiti included slogans slamming President Shimon Peres, as well as praise for German poet Gunter Grass. The slogans that were found included: “The evil Zionist regime will fall,” and “Gunter Grass – be strong and brave.”

2012: U.S. President Barack Obama announced that Jan Karski would receive the country's highest civilian honor, the Presidential Medal of Freedom in recognition of the bravery he showed in informing the Polish Government-In-Exile and the Allies about the destruction of the Warsaw Ghetto and the Nazi death camps.

2013: Trudy Peterson is scheduled to deliver a talk entitled "The French Railroad, the Records, the Holocaust, and the State of Maryland" in Iowa City.

2013: The Algemeiner 40th Anniversary Jewish 100 Gala featuring Elie Wiesel is scheduled to take place at Guastavino’s in New York.

2013: The YIVO Institute for Jewish Research is scheduled to present a lecture by Efraim Sicher that examines the work of Isaak Babel entitled “Babel in Yiddish/Yiddish in Babel.

2013: Shia LaBeouf joined the cast of the upcoming WW II, “Fury.”

2013: “The Young Salinger, Mordant Yet Hopeful” published today

http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/24/books/9-letters-from-young-j-d-salinger-unearthed.html?pagewanted=print

2013: The weeklong Holocaust Memorial Program came to an end in Wurzburg, Germany.

2013: Iran has essentially crossed the “red line” set by Israel for its nuclear activity, and the coming few months will be a crucial period, Maj. Gen. (res.) Amos Yadlin, a former head of IDF Military Intelligence, said today.

2013: Israel’s senior military intelligence analyst said today there was evidence the Syrian government had repeatedly used chemical weapons in the last month, and he criticized the international community for failing to respond, intensifying pressure on the Obama administration to intervene.

2014: The Spring Semester of The Skirball Center for Adult Jewish Learning at Temple Emanu-El is scheduled to begin.

2014: “There Was Once…” which “documents the contemporary struggles of a Hungarian high school teacher who sparks controversy by uncovering the Jewish past of her small town, Kalocsa” is scheduled to be shown at The Center for Jewish History

2014: “Plot for Peace” is scheduled to be shown at the UK Jewish Film Festival in London.

2014:Three cartoonists Liana Fink (A Bintel Brief), Miriam Katin (Letting it Go), and Eli Valley (artist in residence, The Forward) are scheduled to “discuss how their surroundings, family, history, and backgrounds have inspired their representations of Jewish life in pen and ink” at the Museum of Jewish Heritage.

2015 (4th of Iyar): Yom HaAtsmaut – Israel Independence Day observed

2015: Rabbi Deborah Waxman, President of the Reconstructionist Rabbinical College and Susan Herbst, President of the University of Connecticut are scheduled to discuss “What is Zionism’s Role in North American Jewish Life Today?” as part of the celebration of the 67th anniversary of the establishment of the state of Israel.

2015: Vice President Joe Biden is scheduled to attend Israel’s Independence Day event today in Washington, D.C.

2015: “Deli Man” and “Woman in Gold” is scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2015: “FotoMacher Frank Barnett: Examining Lives with Jewish Eyes” is scheduled to open at the Oregon Jewish Museum and Center for Holocaust Education.

2015: IDF tanks struck targets in the northern Gaza Strip just before midnight toay, after a rocket was fired from the Strip into the area of the Shaar Hanegev regional council late tonight.

2015: U.S. officials revealed today that American aid worker Warren Weinstein who was being held captive by al Qaeda had been killed accidently by an U.S. drone attack last January.

2015:"Ordinary Matters": Animations and Paintings by Shelley Jordon is scheduled to open at the Oregon Jewish Museum and Center for Holocaust Education.

2016(15thof Nisan, 5776): First Day of Pesach; in the evening second Seder and counting of the Omer

2016: In Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Temple Judah, under the leadership of its President Nancy Margulis hosts its annual Community Seder.

2017: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including You Say to Brick: The Life of Louis Kahn by Wendy Lesser and The Soul of the First Amendment by Floyd Abrams.

2017: Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to host a Yom HaShoah Film Night “preceded by a special ma’ariv service.

2017: “Four people were wounded in a terror attack that “began in the lobby of the Leonardo Beach Hotel” in Tel Aviv.

2017: In Atlanta, Eternal-Life Hemshech, the William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum, and the Jewish Federation of Greater Atlanta are scheduled to host the 52ndAnnual Yom HaShoah Community-Wide Holocaust Commemoration at the Greenwood Cemetery.

2017: “In honor of Yom HaShoah” scheduled to host “Family Reunion After War” presented by University of Iowa History Professor Elizabeth Heinemann.

2017: The University of Iowa Hillel is scheduled to host its Spring Concert featuring the Saul Lubaroff Quarter.

2017: “Israel’s Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu launched a blistering assault on Allied policy during World War II, saying world powers’ failure to bomb the Nazi concentration camps from 1942 cost the lives of four million Jews and millions of others.”  (Editor’s note – In the case of the United States this statement shows an ignorance of history since “the first Army Air Forces bomber mission over Western Europe was by US crews of the 15th Bomb Squadron” flying the British version of the A-20, a twin engine aircraft that hardly had the range to fly from England to Poland and back and lacked a pray of getting to the target since there were no fighters to cover the mission for this lightly armored aircraft.)

2017: “The annual Holocaust Remembrance Day event in Jerusalem began tonight at the Yad Vashem Holocaust museum’s Warsaw Ghetto Square.”

2017: A Community Service of Remembrance For the Victims of the Holocaust featuring Holocaust survivor Jacob Eisenbach organized by The Thaler Holocaust Memorial Fund is scheduled to be held in Cedar Rapids, IA.

2018: “On the Spectrum” directed by Yuval Shafferman is scheduled to be shown at the Tribeca Film Festival today.

2018: The Streicker Center at Temple Emanu-El is scheduled to a presentation by Cecile Richards, author of Make Trouble and the president of Planned Parenthood.

2018: The Jupiter Symphony Chamber Players which was bounded by Jens Nygaard who directed the Washington Heights YW-YMHA concerts for 25 years, and which includes violinist Itamar Zorman is scheduled to perform “Touched by Mozart” today.

2018: NA’AMAT USA Cleveland Council is scheduled to honor Judge Francine Goldberg this evening.

2018: The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to host an evening with JSoc friend at Duke of Cambridge on Little Clarendon Street.

2018: Funeral services are scheduled to held today the Plaza Jewish Community Chapel for 88 year old Theodore R. Ginsberg, the husband of Cora Ginsberg followed by Burail at the Old Montefiore Cemetery in Queen.s

2019: The Yeshiva University Museum is scheduled to present “Passover Objects Up and Close Personal” during which “Curator Bonni-Dara Michaels handles and sheds light on unique Passover objects from the Museum’s collection, which are currently not on view to the public including traditional and modern Seder plates, Miriam cups, beautiful fabric items, and whimsical artworks.”

2019(18thof Nissan, 5779): Fourth Day of Pesach; Third Day of the Omer

2020: Live on Zoom, the Center for Jewish History and the YIVO Institute for Jewish Research are scheduled to host “A Strange New World: Time in David Bergelson’s Literary Works.”

2020: “HaMaqom/The Place” is scheduled to host “Spinoza on my Mind” in which Rabbi Peretz Wolf-Prusan talks, virtually “about how the philosopher, who was excommunicated from the Dutch Jewish community at age 24, shaped modern Jewish life.”

2020: The Streicker Center is scheduled to host David Broza who takes attended “for a Virtual Journey through His Life in Music.

2020: Live on Zoom, the Center for Jewish History and the Jewish Lives Yale University Press are scheduled to host “Stan Lee: A Life in Comics.”

2020: The Streicker Center is scheduled to host a virtual presentation by Professor Shai Arkin on “Coronavirus in Israel and the Future of Immunotherapy.”

2020: Israelis can begin to absorb yesterday’s announcement by “Health Ministry’s Deputy Director General Prof. Itamar Grotto … that the current wave of the coronavirus outbreak in Israel has reached its peak and has begun to subside.”

2020: Based on yesterday’s announcement the number of confirmed coronavirus cases in Israel stands at 14,498, while 189 patients have succumbed to the disease, health officials confirmed, but the accuracy of some virus related figures may not be accurate because the Ministry of Health has suspended some of the testing for COVID-19 “using swabs imported from China for fear they may be faulty and contaminated.


This Day, April 24, In Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb LevinZ"L

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April 24

70: During the Jewish rebellion against Rome, Roman legions break through Jerusalem’s middle wall, but are driven back by the Jewish defenders. 

396: As conditions for the Jews in the Roman Empire worsen, the Roman Emperors adopt a law that appears to be an anomaly. They issue a decree punishing anyone who insults Jewish leaders. "If any one dare publicly insult the Illustrious Patriarchs, he shall be subject to a sentence of punishment."  (Editor’s Note – I can find no explanation for this)

858: Start of the papacy of Nicholas I. During his papacy he issued “a very obscure order which is contained in a letter Bishop Arsenius of Orta, to whom he prohibits the use of Jewish garments.”

1342: Pope Benedict XII passed away.In 1337 Benedict’s effort to protect the Jews when Christian mobs in Germany Bavaria, Bohemia, Moravia and Austria attacked them because of false accusations of “host desecration,” proved futile. Benedict’s intervention on behalf of the Jews marks him as unusual.  His failure is a testament to the strong power of these false allocations.  

1288:  A Christian body was placed in the house of the richest Jew of Troyes, France. The resulting tribunal condemned fourteen of the city's wealthiest men and women to be burned at the stake. This was part of a blood libel which the Dominicans and Franciscans used to “provoke a massacre of the local Jews.

1439(30thof Nisan, 5199): Rabbi, Kabbalist and poet Avigdor Ben Isaac Kara passed away today.

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0011_0_10738.html

1547:  Elector of Saxony John Frederick, the patron and protector of Martin Luther, who in 1536, “issued a mandate that prohibited Jews from inhabiting, engaging in business in, or passing through his realm” completed his reign as Elector of Saxony and Landgrave of Thuringia today

1547: Maurice, the Duke of Saxony,who expelled the Jews from Zwickau, became the Elector of Saxony today.

1575: Thomas Wakefeld, “the first Regius Professor of Hebrew at Cambridge was buried today at Chesterton.

1731: Daniel Defoe passed away.  Apparently the author of “Robinson Crusoe had a rather low opinion of the Jews since he “depicted Jews as vicious and corrupt” according to “Britain in the Hanoverian Age.” For reasons yet not understood, Defoe’s “An Essay Upon Literature” was published in the same pamphlet with Toland’s “The Agreement of the Customs of the East Indians With Those of the Jews.”

1744: The Revenge, a British privateer commanded by Captain James Allen, intercepted the sloop Fortune, one of whose passengers was an English Jewish merchant named Isaac Mendez.  When Captain Allen brought the Fortune to Newport, he filed papers claiming the cargo of the Fortune as his pirze.  Mendez took exception with the claim and this would lead to tortuous litigation. [Editor’s note: There will be more to the story in THDIJH in May.]

1764(22ndof Nisan, 5524): Eighth Day of Pesach; Yizkor recited two weeks after Massachusetts had observed “a Day of Feasting and Prayer” during a small pox outbreak still plague the colony.

1772: Empress Marie Theresa issued an order allowing Jews to “engage in jeweler’s work but not to employ apprentices in the business.

1776: During the American Revolution The Pennsylvania Journal published a letter from Thomas Paine in which the famous pamphleteer uses quotes from the Bible including the books of Samuel and Hosea to show that a monarchy is a sinful form of government condemned by God. (As reported by Abraham Bloch)  While most of the American revolutionaries had never met a Jew, they identified with the ancient Israelites through the lens of the Old Testament.  They saw King George as a modern Pharaoh and compared their fight for independence with the Exodus from Egypt.  Benjamin Franklin wanted a depiction of the Jews crossing the Red Sea to appear on the Great Seal of the United States.

1783: Emperor Joseph II granted the request of his Jewish subjects that they be able to continue to wear beards. At the same time he reaffirmed all of the other parts of the “Systematica gentis Judaicae regulation”

1788: In Frankfurt am Main, Guttle and Mayer Amschel Rothschild gave birth to “"Carl Mayer von Rothschild the founder of the Rothschild banking family of Naples."

1790(10thof Iyar, 5550): Talmudic scholar, Rabbi Meir Margalioth passed away in Ostrog



1800: The United States Library of Congress is established when President John Adams signs legislation to appropriate $5,000 USD to purchase "such books as may be necessary for the use of Congress". “The Hebraic Section … Israel, the Hebrew language, biblical studies, and the ancient Near East. began operation in 1914 as part of the Division of Semitic and Oriental Literature, and it concentrates on Jewish culture, Israel, the Hebrew language, biblical studies, and the ancient Near East.”

1805: The Syrian Society which had been formed in March held its first meeting today where it was deiced that the Society would be call “The Palestine Association” whose members sought “to promote the study of the geography, natural history, antiquities and anthropology of Palestine and the surrounding areas, "with a view to the illustration of the Holy Writings”

1807: Rachel Emanuel De Piza and Joseph Gabriel Israel Brandon gave birth to Isaac Joseph Brandon.

1809: Birthdate of Joseph Addision Alexander, a Protestant biblical scholar and student of the Hebrew language whose works included two volumes on the prophecies of Isaiah.

1811(30thof Nisan, 5571): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1811: Today thirty year old London native Jacob da Silva Solis who arrived in the United States in 1803 married Charity Hayes with whom he had seven children and still found time to found “Congregation Shanarai Chasset in New Orleans” and later be active in Congregation Shearith Israel in Mt. Pleasant, NY.

1813(24th5573): Parashat Achrei Mot

1813: The American squadron left Sackets Harbor, NY bound for the Canadian city of York which would be partially destroyed three days later – a burning which would later be used to excuse British troops burning Washington, DC in 1814

1818: “The Jew of Malta” by Christopher Marlow which was billed as “The Famous Tragedy of The Rich Jew of Malta” “was revived by Edmund Kean at Drury Lane.”

1824: Birthdate of Sabato Morais, the native of Leghorn, Italy who rise to become one of the earliest and most prominent Rabbis to serve the American Jewish Community. [This is based on an article published at the time of his death.  Other sources show April 13, 1824.]

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9F0CE1D81630E132A25750C1A9679D94669ED7CF

1827: In Rotterdam, Sara Lit and Harry de Groot gave birth to Cato de Groot, the wife of Rotterdam native Herman Heijermans

1830: Ellen Alice Jacobs and Prussian born Gabriel Simmons gave birth to Solomon Simmons.

1836: Birthdate of Rabbi Moses Samuel Zuckermandl, the native of Breslau who studied under Samson Raphael Hirsch

1838: Birthdate of Jules Levy, the native of London who was perhaps “the most celebrated” person to play the coronet during the 19th century

1839: Mr. Eugene Esdra of Bordeaux married Miss Esther Rodrigues Monsanto in her native city of Charleston, SC.

1842: In Neisse, Germany, Julius Schindler and Bertha Algasi gave birth to Solomon Schindler, the husband of Henrietta Schutz, who came to the United States in 1870 where he served as rabbi at Adath Emuno in Hoboken, NJ and Adath Israel in Boston before becoming Superintendent of the Leopold Morse Home for Infirm Hebrews and Orphans at Mattapan, MA and a published author whose works included Dissolving Views in the History of Judaism.

1842: In Cincinnati, a group of Jewish women met and established a Sunday School under the direction of Mrs. Louisa Symonds who would later resign her post due to the heavy work load.  She would be replaced by Mr. Joseph Jonas.



1846: The Voice of Jacob contained a short article describing that described the two public Jewish schools at Kingston, Jamaica as “languid and unsatisfactory,” due the paucity of trained and qualified teachers.

1848: Birthdate of Saxony native and husband of actress Grace Filkns Adolph Marix the first Jewish graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy who was serving on the USS Maine when it exploded, served on the Board of Inquiry that examined the cause of the explosion and fought in two major naval examinations during the Spanish American War after which he was promoted to the rank of commodore and acting Vice Admiral













1851: Charles Sumner began his twenty three year career as a U.S. Senator from Massachusetts.  In 1864, he introduced an amendment to the United States Constitution that would define the United States as a “Christian government.”  Congress rejected the proposal. (For more see A New Promised Land by Hasia R Diner, et al.)

1852: In Gorizia, Italy, Stefan and Lucia Schmdit gave to “August Schmidt, the husband of Adele Ammalie Schdmidt.”

1853: In Paris, Louis-Adolphe Bertillon and his wife gave birth to Alphonse Bertillon who was not a handwriting expert but who testified against Alfred Dreyfus claiming that the Jewish French officer was the author of “the incriminating document” known as the “bordereau” – the treasonous document that supposedly proved he was selling French military secrets to the Germans.

1854: In New York, Ahawath Chesed began worshiping at their synagogue at Number 27 Columbia Street which would be there home for the next ten year when the growing congregation moved to a facility on the corner of 4th Street and Avenue C.

1856:  Birthdate of Henri-Phillipe Petain.  In World War I, General Petain was a hero - the leader in the victory at Verdun.  In World War II, he was head of the Vichy Government. The Vichy Government was allied with the Nazis and was an active participant in the deportation and death of thousands of Jews.  Some of these were part of the very old French Jewish community.  Others were relative new-comers who had sought refuge in France during the 1930's as the Nazi scourge began to sweep across Europe.  Petain was not prosecuted for collaborating because of his previous military contribution and advanced age.  Pierre Laval, the Prime Minister of the Vichy government did not escape punishment. Petain passed away at in 1951at the age of 95.

1859: The First Hebrew Benevolent Association was founded today in Portland, Oregon.

1861(14thof Iyar 5621) Pesach Sheni

1861: "When the Richmond Blues left...for war" today, fifteen of its ninety-nine members were Jewish including Ezekiel J. ("Zeke") Levy, it fourth sergeant. 

1864(18thof Nisan, 5624): Fourth Day of Pesach

1864: Isaac Levy, a Virginian serving the Confederate Army wrote his mother from his post in South Carolina describing the Seder that he and his fellow soldiers had celebrated a few days earlier.

1865: Today the Washington National Intelligencer published the resolution of the Washington Literar and Dramatic Association drawn by a committee that included Simon Wolf and Julius Lowenthal which began “By the death of Abraham Lincoln the nation has sustained an irreparable loss, freedom her brightest and purest champion, humanity her greatest benefactor…”

1866: Seventy year old Protestant Biblical commentator Hermann Upfield who specialized in studies on the “Old Testament” and whose works included a “treatise on the early history of Hebrew grammar among the Jews” published in 1846 passed away today.

1867: Michael Rudelsheim married Rebecca Hirsch today in Amsterdam.

1869: Mlle. Janauschek is scheduled to appear in a benefit performance of "Deborah," the proceeds of which will go to the Hebrew Free School in New York City.

1871: “Synagogue Consecration” published todaydescribed the ceremony led by Rabbi S.M. Issacs as Derech Emunoh took over its new home in what had been the chapel of New York University.

1876(30thof Nisan, 5636): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1876(30thof Nisan, 5636): Eighty-five year old Therese Aron, the Lorraine born daughter of Baruch Gougenheim and Rosel Rosette Rosele Gougenheim , the wife of Isaac Aron and mother of Simon Aron, (Baby); Rosine Haguenau; Jacob Aron; Simon Aron and Gertrude Openheimer passed away today in Strasbourg.

1872(16th of Nisan, 5632): Second day of Pesach; first day of the Omer

1878: Birthdate of Hyman Pearlstone, the native of Buffalo, TX who was a businessman in Waco, Palestine and Dallas, TX where he was a member of the Chamber of Commerce. (His brother was born exactly ten years later)

1879(1st of Iyar, 5639): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1880: Birthdate of Elizabethgrad native Phineas Israeli, the JTS trained Rabbi who in 1923 was hired by Etz Chaim Congregtion in Portland where he worked with Orthodox Rabbi Moses Shohet and “initiated modern innovations such as late Friday evening services with English which was a departure from” having sermons delivered in Yiddish” but failed in his attempts to have the congregation join the Conservative movements United Synagogues of America and left the congregation for years later “due to illness.”

1880:  Because of his “reputation of a public-spirited man…and because of his many gifts to charitable and scientific institution which won Raphael Louis Bischoffsheim the exceptional honor of "grande naturalization," by which, today he became a citizen of the French republic.”

1881: The Hebrew Union College in Cincinnati, Ohio, the only Jewish “institution for advanced study in America” is dedicating a new building today.  As a testament to the school’s strength, the administration was able to spend $25,000 to purchase one of the city’s old mansions and then spend additional funds to remodel it.  The school began as a dream of community leaders in 1872 and opened its doors in 1875 to 17 pupils who used rooms at the Plum Street Temple for their classes.

1881: It was erroneously reported today that King Charles I, the new King of Romania “has removed the disabilities of the Jews who comprise the largest foreign element of his population.”

1881: “Disraeli, Novelist and Orator” published today examines the career of the author turned politician.  It concedes that nobody could have imagined the political heights he was to scale when his first novel came out.  At the same time, throughout his 40 year career, he was victimized by the press as can be seen by the issues of Punch in which he was “assailed…with ridicule, sneer and caricature.”

1883: Birthdate of German actress Lotte Spira who was forced by the Nazis to divorced her Jewish husband Fritz Spira because he was Jewish and then forced to sign a statement that her daughter Camila was his daughter.

1885: Birthdate of Romana Manczyk, the Warsaw native who became famous as Zionist activist Romana Goodman.

http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/goodman-romana

1885: According to today’s Boston Post, there is a colony of Jews living in China who came to that country two hundred years before the Christian era.

1887(30th of Nisan, 5647): Rosh Chodesh I

1887(30thof Nisan, 5647): Grand Rabbi Joseph Emmanuel Levi of Italy who had previously served as rabbi of Mondovi and Cuneo before taking the pulpit at Corfu passed away today.

1887: When the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum Society held its 64thannual meeting this morning, Jesse Seligman was chosen to serve as President and Henry Rice was chosen to serve as Vice President.  Currently, there are 482 orphans in the asylum, 277 of whom are boys. According to Myer Stern, the society’s secretary, 16 of the boys have recently “been provided with good positions.”

1888: Birthdate of Julius Hart Pearlstone, a native of Buffalo, TX who became a merchant in Palestine, TX and a leader of the Jewish Federation for Social Service in Dallas, TX.

1888: London born Kate Moses and Cairo, Egypt native Myer Balu gave birth to Leon Blau who did not live to see his fifth birthday.

1888: Eduard Glaser completed his third journey from Sanaa to Ma’rib

1889(23rd of Nisan, 5649): Salomon or Solomon Formstecher, a German rabbi and student of Jewish theology passed away.Born at Offenbach am Main in 1808 he earned a Ph.D from the Giessen University, he settled in his native city as preacher, succeeding Rabbi Metz in 1842 a position he held until his death. “During his long ministry he strove to harmonize the religious and social life of the Jews with the requirements of modern civilization. His aims were expressed at the Rabbinical Conference of Brunswick, Frankfurt, Breslau, and Kassel in the conferences of the German rabbis. The most important of his works is Religion des Geistes ("Religion of the Spirit," Frankfort-on-the-Main, 1841). It contains a systematic analysis of the principles of Judaism. The author endeavors to demonstrate that Judaism was a necessary manifestation, and that its evolution tends in the direction of a universal religion for civilized mankind. Judaism, in contrast with paganism, considers the Divinity to be a Being separate from nature, and allows no doubt of God's existence. Consequently any theogony, any emanation, any dualism must be rejected. Formstecher concludes his work with a history of Judaism which is a valuable contribution to Jewish religious philosophy.”

1889: Birthdate of Yakov Naumovich Reizen the “Ukrainian-born Bolshevik” who gained famed Jacob Golos, a member of the Communist Party in the United States and a Soviet espionage agent during WW II.

http://documentstalk.com/wp/golos-jacob/

1889: It was reported today that some brokers at the NYSE who are not Jewish are accusing Isidore Wormser of leading a cabal of Jewish financiers in stock manipulation especially where the Reading Railroad is concerned.  The charge is not anchored in reality since some of his cohorts are said to include the notorious Jay Gould and the very gentile James R. Keene.

1890: Sylvester Pennoyer was nominated for Governor today at the Democratic State Convention in Portland, Oregon, with the expectation that he could be able to carry the Jewish vote in the upcoming general elections.

1890: Judge Max Mayeyhardt of Rome, GA, the son of David J. and Esther (Marks) Mayerhardt today married Nettie Watson, a native of Tuskegee, Alabam.

1890: “A Mighty Power” by Frank Rothschild, Jr. had a pre-Broadway matinee performance at the Fifth Avenue Theatre.  The play is a melodrama set in Czarist Russia that portrays the suffering of a Jewish brother and sister at the ends of “a fierce, malignant, autocrat, General Mickrakoff. The play was poorly received particularly by the Jews in the audience who do not care for this sort of “buncombe.”

1891: Henry Blumenthal took his father David Blumenthal out an insane asylum in Amityville, Long Island, today. He then took his father who had been a wealthy Jewish dry goods businessmen before his confinement to all of the banks where he had deposits, withdrew the funds that totaled over $30, 000 and then boarded a ship bound for Bremen, Germany

1893: “On The Watch For Converts” published today described the aggressive attempts by various Christian churches to convert Jews in response to which “a considerable number” of the Jews in New York “have formulated a plan for checkmating the vigorous efforts…to proselytize them from their ancient faith.”

1894(8thof Nisan, 5654): Fourth Day of Pesach

1894: In Tyler, TX, Rose and Samuel S. Mallinson gave birth to Herbert Mallinson, the wife of Beatrice Mallinson and a “member of the board of directors and chairman of the Southwest region of the American Joint Distribution Committee.

1894: Four days after he had passed away, 53 year old Woolf Emden, “the eldest son of the Joseph and Rachel Emden” was buried today at the “West Ham Jewish Cemetery.”

1894: In New York, “Russian Jewish immigrants Frederick and Yetta Pitler gave birth to Jacob Albert “Jake” Pitler the husband of Henrietta L. Pitler whose two year career with Pittsburgh Pirates was followed by lengthy career as a coach with the Brooklyn Dodgers that included being on the 1955 team that won Brooklyn’s only World Championship.

https://sabr.org/bioproj/person/4b700caf

https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/p/pitleja01.shtml

1894: “Mr. Seligman’s Career” published today glowingly described the career of the recently deceased Jewish businessman and philanthropist Jesse Seligman who “came to New York in steerage” and was worth over $20,000,000 when he passed away.

1895: “Mr. Hutton’s Book On Jerusalem” published today provides a detailed review of Literary Landmarks of Jerusalem by Laurence Hutton.

1895: “Saved From Starvation” published today described the work of the Monte Relief Society led by Mrs. Sofia Monte Loebinger whose five hundred members provide immediate relief in the form of money and clothing to the needy immigrants of the Lower East Side and who also help them find jobs which will provide long term improvement in their condition.

1896: A new synagogue is scheduled to be dedicated this evening in Lancaster, PA.

1896: “Does Not Favor Intermarriage” published today described the meeting of the New York Section of the National Council of Jewish Women at Temple Beth-El presided over by Mrs. Alexander Kohut at which included the reading of papers on “Intermarriage” and “A Practical View of Philanthropy”

1897(22ndof Nisan, 5657): Eight Day of Pesach and Shabbat; Yizkor

1897: It was reported today that during March the United Hebrew Charities dealt with 3,326 applications for relief that affected 11,086 peoples.  One thousand people received clothes, shoes and furniture while 319 people were taken to the doctor.  Of the 950 people who registered for work, 589 were found jobs.

1898: On its 76th anniversary, the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum Society met at the asylum’s building on 136th Street and Amsterdam Avenue.

1898: It was reported today that among those who attended the 5th annual reunion banquet of the Hebrew Technical Institute were Meyer Cushner, Maximilian Zipkes, James Hoffman, Joseph L. Gensler, Dr. Henry M. Leipziger, A. Lincoln Saruya and Edgar S. Barnay

1898:  Congress today declared that a state of war between the U.S. and Spain had existed since April 21, the day the blockade of Cuba had begun. Fifteen Jews serving on the battleship were killed. Five thousand Jews served in the American Army, a ratio of 20% more than the general population. The first person of Colonel Roosevelt's Rough Riders to reach the top of San Juan Hill was reportedly a Jew named Irving Peixotto.

1898: The Adath Israel Fair which is a fundraiser for their new building in West Harlem is scheduled to come to an end.

1899(14thof Iyar, 5659): Pesach Sheini

1899: In Kobrin, Russia, Bazel Zaritsky and Hanna Tennenbaum gave birth to Oscher Zaritsky who gained fame as award winning American mathematician Oscar Zariski.

http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Zariski.html

1900: The Twenty-Seventh Convention of District No 7 of the B’nai B’rith continued for a third day in New Orleans.

1901: “United Work for Oppressed Hebrews” published today described a standing-room-only meeting at Temple Emanuel where the topics of the evening were “The Condition of the Jews” and “The Alliance Israelite and American Judaism” and the speakers include A. S. Solomons, Jacob H. Schiff, Rabbi H. Pereira Mendes, Louis Marshall and Nissam Benard

1902:The first step toward the creation of a permanent endowment fund for the United Hebrew Charities was taken today by William Guggenheim, a member of the Board of Directors, when he sent” Henry Rice, “the President of the organization…a check for $50,000 for that purpose and a promise of $50,000 more…”

1902: Birthdate of Moshe Ziffer the native of  Przemyśl, the Austro-Hungarian city that was the scene of great Jewish suffering during WWI, who made Aliyah in 191 and became a leading Israeli artist and sculptor whose works included busts of Einstein, Ben-Gurion and Weizman.

1904: In Chicago, Rabbi Hirsch delivered a lecture at St. James Methodist Church during which he said, “If Jesus Christ should return to the earth tomorrow he be welcome in very synagogue in the land …” which led to the audience responding with “a storm of applause when he sat down.

1905(19th of Nisan, Fifth Day of Pesach

1905(19th of Nisan): Anti-Semitic riots began in Zhitomir, Russia

1905: In New York, Gladys Seligman the daughter of David and Adelaide Seligman became Gladys Wertheim when she married Henri Hendrik Pieter Wertheim van Heukelom today,

1906: In Barley, Hertfordshire, England, Redcliffe Nathan Salaman, the son of Myer and Sarah Salaman, and Nina Ruth Salaman gave birth to Raphael Arthur Salaman

1909: A meeting is scheduled to take place this evening sponsored by the Free Songs of Israel where attendees will express their opposition to the Wagner-Stein Bill which allow for part of the land now occupied by Crotona Park to be used for an a new armory building

1910(15thof Nisan, 5670): Pesach

1911:  Birthdate of comedian Jack E Leonard.  Born Leonard Lebitsky in Chicago, Illinois, Leonard was a heavy-set, cigar-smoking practitioner of an aggressive form of humor.  His movie credits included the “Disorderly Orderly,” “The Fat Spy,” and “Target: Harry.” He passed away on May 9, 1973.

1913(17thof Nisan, 5673): Third Day of Pesach

1913: In Chicago, Rabbi Schanfarber officiated at the funeral of 44 year old Oscar Grant Lehman, the son of Louis and Barbara Lehman.

1913: In Chicago, Rabbi Schanfarbert officiated at the funeral of Rena Levi, the wife of Julius Levi and the “mother of Sigbit and Fannie L. Rothschild.”

1914: Birthdate of Jan Karski, a liaison officer of the Polish underground who infiltrated both the Warsaw Ghetto and a German concentration camp and then carried the first eyewitness accounts of the Holocaust to a mostly disbelieving audience of Western leaders.

http://web.archive.org/web/20110727171727/http://www.poloniatoday.com/karski0311.htm

http://www.raoulwallenberg.net/saviors/diplomats/list/jan-karski-820/

1914: Birthdate of actress and political activist Roberta "Robbie" Seidman Garfield Cohn, the wife of actor John Garfield.

1915(10thof Iyar, 5675): Parashat Acrhei Mot-Kedoshim

1915(10thof Iyar, 5675): Seventy-five year old Belarus born Rabbi Yshaaya Epstein the son of Rabbi Abraham of Epstine and the “husband of “Esther (Judith) Epstein” passed away today in Jerusalem.

1915: “Betty” a musical comedy with lyrics and music by Paul Rubens opened at Daly’s Theatre in London where it ran for 391 performances.

1915: Nearly 1,000 people “representing every synagogue and Jewish society in” New York City met tonight “at the Concert Hall for the opening session of the annual convention of the Kehillah or Jewish Community” which is led by “Dr. J. L. Magnes, the Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Kehillah” who said “the fate of the Jewish people is hanging in the balance” and wondered if “the great war will bring political, religious and national freedom to the Jews?”

1915: The Armenian Genocide began when the Young Turks undertook the systematic annihilation of Armenian intellectuals and entrepreneurs within the city of Constantinople and later the entire Armenian population of the Ottoman Empire.  The Jewish population of Palestine was aware of this slaughter.  The leaders of its nascent military force, Hashomer, were especially cognizant of what had happened.  They were determined that the Jews would not suffer a similar fate.

1916(21stof Nisan, 5676): 7th day of Pesach

1916:  Birthdate of movie critic Stanley Kauffmann the husband of Laura Kauffman.

http://www.newrepublic.com/article/115089/stanley-kauffmann-has-died

1916: In Ireland foundation stone of the Greenville Hall Synagogue was laid coincidentally on the same day as the Easter Rising.

1916(21stof Nisan, 5676):  During WW I, Captain Wilfrid Langdon, a graduate of Rugby, was killed today.

1916: In New Orleans, Ted “Kid” Lewis lost a bout which cost him his title as World Welterweight Champion.

1916: The Easter Rising began in Dublin.  Many Jews were attracted to the cause of Irish Republicanism including Estella Solomons and Michael Noyk an Irish solicitor who joined Sinn Fein shortly after the Rising and defended several of the I.R.A. prisoners.

http://www.tabletmag.com/jewish-life-and-religion/198888/solomons-irish-rising/?print=1

1917(2ndof Iyar, 5677): Sixty-five year old Berlin born Oscar Blumenthal playwright and critic passed away today in his hometown.

https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=8&ved=0ahUKEwjusqq3vvTZAhVKyoMKHeNyCrgQFghSMAc&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdigitalcommons.unl.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1011%26context%3Dtheatrefacpub&usg=AOvVaw3KZ3_zdpuR6EDo8OflpB-X&httpsredir=1&article=1011&context=theatrefacpub

1917: The final session of the “assembly of the Eastern Council of Reform Rabbis” which had split over the issues of voicing support for women’s suffrage and Zionism was held today.

1917: Jacob de Hass, Secretary of the Provisional Executive Committee for General Zionist Affairs said” today “that the consideration by the envoys in Washington of the problem of a Jewish nation in Palestine was the result of a carefully planned movement by the Zionist organizations in the United States, England, France and Russia.”

1918: It was reported today that “The Jewish Administration Commission for Palestine has established bureaus in Jerusalem and Tel Aviv and is engaged in the actual work of laying the foundation for the Jewish state.  Of immediate concern was the need for “large sums of money designed to save orange growers from ruin owing to their inability to market their crops due to the World War.  Long term loans to the orange growers are imperative necessity.”

1918: Author Thomas Mann and his wife Katia, who would later convert to Christianity gave birth to their fifth child Elisabeth today.

1918: Birthdate of Chicago native, U. of Chicago grad and Rush Medical College trained physician Henry Kaplan, the cancer specialist who raised two children – Ann and Paul – with his wife Leah.

https://www.nytimes.com/1984/02/06/obituaries/dr-henry-kaplan-cancer-fighter-is-dead.html?searchResultPosition=1

1918: “Violent pogroms” took place in Cracow today.

1919: Hungarian Jewish immigrant Mary Teitelbaum and her husband gave birth to Sara Teitelbaum who gained fame as Clinton confidant Sarah Ehrman.

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/03/us/sara-ehrman-dead-adviser-to-clintons.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

1919(24thNisan, 5679): A month before his 56th birthday Parisian born opera composer Camille Erlanger passed away.

1919: “The Chicago Mendelssohn Club” is scheduled to give the final concert of this season this evening.

1921(16thof Nisan, 5681): Second Day of Pesach

1920: Birthdate of New York City native and Columbia University trained historian Dr. Herman Ausubel who taught at Columbia, Yeshiva University, Brooklyn College and the University of Manchester in England and whose works included Historians and Their Works.

1921:  Vladimir Jabotinsky was sentenced by the British mandatory government of Palestine to 15 years of imprisonment for his participation in the Jewish self-defense corps. During Passover in 1920, Jabotinsky stood at the head of the Haganah in Jerusalem against Arab riots and was condemned by the British Mandatory Government to 15 years hard labor. Following the public outcry against the verdict, he received amnesty and was released from Acre prison. 

1921: Birthdate of Layos Lenovitz, the native of Hungary who as Lou Lenhart served as pilot with the U.S. Marines during WW II before volunteering for “Sherut Avir, the precursor of the IAF,” taking part in IAF’s first attack on Egyptian forces driving on Tel Aviv and helping to airlift immigrants to the nascent Jewish State.

http://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-lou-lenart-20150722-story.html

1924: Birthdate of Detroit native Isadore Manuel Singer, a Professor of Mathematics at MIT who “is noted for his work with Michael Atiyah proving the Atiyah–Singer index theorem in 1962, which paved the way for new interactions between pure mathematics and theoretical physics.” (This breakthrough was accomplished by an American Jew and a native of the Sudan, raised in Egypt who now lives in Great Britain.  Yes, peaceful collaboration is possible.)

1924: Birthdate of Ruth Maxine Kahn, the native of Des Moines, IA, who gained fame opera and Broadway musical star Ruth Kobart.

1924:  Birthdate of composer and pianist Yehoshua Lakner.  Born in Bratislava, Lakner moved to what is now Israel in 1941. During his early years in Palestine, Lakner studied and played in small jazz band. Yehoshua Lakner's work has received numerous awards, including the Engel Prize of Tel-Aviv for his "Toccata for Orchestra" (1958). He was honored by the Zurich City Council for his theatre music (1969) and was awarded the Salomon David Steinberg Foundation's Music Prize, as well as a composer-in-residency from the City of Zurich (1987/88).  Lakner taught at the Rubin Academy for Music in Tel Aviv and later used the computer to create multi-sensory musical experiences.

1925: At Carnegie Hall, “Variations for Piano on a Theme by Dvorak,” and “Suite for Two Pianos,” which had been composed by Leopold Damrosch Mannes was performed for the first time

1927: Birthdate of Springfield, MA native, WW II Navy veteran and Yale trained attorney David S. Davidson, the Chief Judge of the NLRB and Reform Judaism leader who married Dorothy Davidson after the death of his first wife Judge Rita Davidson.

https://washingtonjewishweek.com/51976/david-s-davidson-former-nlrb-chief-judge-dies-at-91/obits/

1929(14thof Nisan, 5689): Fast of the First Born; erev Pesach

1929: The Ezra Society for Nervous Diseases arranged the Passover celebration “held tonight for several hundred Jewish patients at the Manhattan State Hospital on Ward’s Island.

1929: Thanks to the efforts of the Jewish Social Service Association “said to be the oldest Jewish relief and family welfare society in America” “flour, food and funds” have been distributed to those in need so they can “observe the traditions of the holiday” this evening.

1929: Louis Singer led the Seder at the Home of Old Israel on Jefferson Street which was attended by 112 residents.

1930: In the Bronx, Hattie Schwartzberg and her husband Fred, the owner of “a small furniture manufacturing business” gave birth to Richard Donald Schwartzberg who gained fame as the award winning director and producer Richard Donner whose greatest came to fame may have been directing Christopher Reeve in the 1978 epic “Superman” which brought the man of steel to the wide, modern movie screen.

1931: In a match whose outcome he disputed English boxer “Jack Kid Berg” (Judah Berg) lost his World Light Welterweight Championship.

1932: Detroit Tigers Pitcher Izzy Goldstein, a native or Odessa, Russia, appeared in his first major league baseball game.

1932: Benny Rothman, the Jewish political activist, led the Mass trespass of Kinder Scout, leading to substantial legal reforms in the United Kingdom.

1933: Soviet Union Foreign Commissar Maxim Litvinov appears on the cover of Timeand is the subject of the magazine’s feature article. Litvinov was the son of a wealthy Jewish banking family who became an ardent Bolshevik. Stalin will remove Litvinov, the Jew, when he decides to negotiate the non-aggression pact with Germany in 1939. Americans would come to know Litvinov during World War II when he served as the Soviet ambassador to the United States where he played a key role in lend-lease negotiations.  Litvinov was unique among the original Jews Bolshevik leaders because he was one of the few to escape Stalin’s wrath and die of natural causes.



1933(28thof Nisan, 5693): Eighty-one year old Felix Adler passed away.

http://www.nysec.org/felixadler

1933: After meeting with President Roosevelt, Secretary of State Cordell Hull wrote to Norman Davis, the American representative to the Geneva Disarmament Conference that FDR would regard adjournment of the conference as a failure that might give Hitler an excuse to start a war.  (In the first months of his Presidency, FDR saw that Hitler posed an undetermined threat to peace.  He wanted to keep him at bay because he was dealing with the worst crisis in American history.  What most people fail to understand with their twenty-twenty hindsight was that the United States was tottering on the brink of disaster and there was no guarantee that she could not followed the fascist model of Germany and Italy or the Communist model of the Soviet Union.)

1933: “A conference of executive directors of Y.M.H.A.’s, Y.W H.A’s and Jewish Community Centers” is which is considering “an evaluation of present membership policies, news systems of membership and other measures that will build up memberships in Jewish centers scheduled to meet for its third and final session today at the 92nd Street Y.

1934: In the Bronx, Harry Rosen and the former Ruth Jacobson gave birth to Walter Rosen who made Junior’s Restaurant and its cheesecake into a New York cultural icon.

http://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/15/nyregion/walter-rosen-longtime-stewardof-juniors-restaurant-dies-at-81.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

1934: It was reported today that Abraham Stavsky, Zvi Rosenblatt and Abba Achimeyer have gone trial for the murder last month of Dr. Chaim Arlosoroff.  “Achicmeyer is charged with inciting the alleged murderers by speeches and newspaper articles.”  The other two defendants are charged with the actual murder with Rosenblatt having been named as the “trigger man.”

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=F50A14FB3C58177A93C6AB178FD85F408385F9

1935: Birthdate of Pottsville, PA native Allan Jaffe, “the entrepreneur who developed Preservation Hall into a New Orleans jazz tradition” and father of Ben Jaffe who followed in his father’s footsteps.

https://www.nytimes.com/1987/03/11/obituaries/allan-jaffe-new-orleans-jazz-revivalist-dies-by-frances-frank-marcus.html

http://www.allanjaffe.net/

1935: The New Republic published “The Funeral of R.A.A.P.” by Jewish author Robert Gessner.

1935: “Today, the Angriff, the official afternoon” Nazi newspaper “in Berlin appeared with black banner headlines above a story asserting that half the apartment house in” Berlin “were still owned by Jews.”

1936: “Reports that eight Arabs had been killed yesterday during disorders were described as ‘false and baseless’ by the Jewish Agency in Palestine.”

1936: Today David Ben Gurion was reported to have “urged that exaggeration of the disturbances” in Palestine “be avoided” no doubt because the Arabs were using their attacks to pressure the British to end Jewish immigration and land purchases.

1936: “Assurance has been given to Jews in America by the High Commissioner of Palestine that he would not ‘put a premium upon violence’ by yielding to any unjust demands of the Arabs, Dr. Stephen S. Wise said today and that furthermore “continued admittance of immigrants to Palestine was guaranteed.”

1936: At a luncheon held in the Hotel Astor, “Luis Posner, Mortgage Commissioner of the State of New York said the Jewish settlers” in Palestine “had always pursed a policy of peaceful cooperation and mutual understanding with the Arabs.

1936: In Zagreb, Yugoslavia, Dr. Vladimir Matchek denied today that anti-Semitic pamphlets recently published under the name of the Croat Peasant party had been approved or circulated by the party.”

1936: While contrary to expectations there was no violence in Jerusalem today “rifle shots were fired at Hakoresh, a Jewish settlement in northern Palestine” and “fires in crops, houses, shops and timber yards” owned by Jews continue to break out in different parts of the countries.

1937:  Pastor Martin Niemöller, one of the foremost leaders of the German opposition forces to Hitler, preached that it is unfortunate that God permitted Jesus to be born a Jew.

1938: In Vienna, Marrianne and Hubert Joachim Adler gave birth to San Diego, CA “civil rights and criminal defense attorney” Tom Adler.

http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/sandiegouniontribune/obituary.aspx?n=tom-adler&pid=144988528

1938: In one of those uniquely American cross-cultural events, the orchestra led by African-American Duke Ellington recorded “a live performance” “On the Sunny Side of the Street” with lyrics by Dorothy Fields at Harlem’s iconic Cotton Club.

1938: All sessions of the religious school resumed at Temple Emanu-El following the Passover recess.

1938: At the Free Synagogue meeting in Carnegie Hall, Dr. Ludwig Lewisohn is scheduled to deliver a lecture on “My Unwritten Books: A Preview.”

1938: At Temple Rodeph Sholom, Dudley Digges and Rabbi Louis I. Newman are scheduled to deliver an address on “The Ethical Message of Paul Osborn’s play ‘On Borrowed Time.’”

1939: Birthdate of Ernst Zündel, the German-born Canadian Holocaust denier who also published neo-Nazi pamphlets such as “The Hitler We Loved and Why.”

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/07/world/europe/ernst-zundel-canada-germany-holocaust-denial.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

1939: In apparent response to pressure from the British government the Greek government announced that a law prohibiting Greek vessels from carrying any more Jewish refugees unless their papers are strictly in order would be enforced.  The move will strike a blow against the Greek economy since Greek ship owners and “brokers” had been able to make “exorbitant profits” from trafficking in Jewish misery.

1940(16thof Nisan, 5700): Second Day of Pesach

1940(16thof Nisan, 5700): Forty-three year old Joe “Yussel the Muscle” Jacobs fight manager passed away today.

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jacobs-joe

1941: Birthdate of Richard Charles Albert Holbrooke “a top-ranking American diplomat, magazine editor, author, professor, Peace Corps official, and investment banker. He was the only person to have held the position of Assistant Secretary of State position for two different regions of the world (Asia from 1977 to 1981 and Europe from 1994 to 1996). Later, was the Special Representative for Afghanistan and Pakistan under the Obama administration. Holbrooke was born in New York City, to Dan Holbrooke and Trudi Moos (née Kearl). Holbrooke’s mother, whose Jewish family fled Hamburg in 1933 for Buenos Aires before coming to New York, took him to Quaker meetings on Sundays. “I was an atheist, his father was an atheist,” says his mother, a potter now married to a sculptor. “We never thought of giving Richard a Jewish upbringing. The Quaker meetings seemed interesting.” Holbrooke’s father, a doctor born of Russian Jewish parents in Warsaw, died of cancer. His father changed his name to Holbrooke when he arrived in the United States in the 1930s. Such, however, is the family’s loss of contact with its roots that his original name is unknown. After Scarsdale High School Holbrooke received his A.B. from Brown University in 1962 and completed a post-graduate fellowship at Princeton University in 1970. He married Kati Marton in 1995. His marriage to Marton has led him to look more closely at his past. She was born into a family of Hungarian Jews but raised a Roman Catholic. In researching a book about Raoul Wallenberg, the Swedish diplomat in Budapest who saved Jews during World War II, Marton traveled to her native Hungary whence she and her parents had fled the Communists in the 1950s. It was there that an old friend of her mother’s told her that Wallenberg had come too late for Marton’s grandparents. It was the first she had heard about her Jewish roots. Like Madeleine Albright’s parents, Marton’s family hid their Jewish identity when they came to the United States. She learned that one of her maternal grandparents had died in the Auschwitz concentration camp. He passed away in 2010.

1941:  The Nazis “closed” the Lublin Ghetto.  The Lublin (Poland) Ghetto was established in March, 1941 and contained about 34,000 Jews.  As of this date Jews could only leave if they had a special permit or were part of a labor group. The Lublin Ghetto was the first ghetto in the General Government to be liquidated, and the Nazis gained much experience, for future deportation actions. Jews from Lublin were the first victims of the newly constructed death camp at Belzec. Only 200-300 of formerly 40,000 Lublin Jews survived in hiding or were finally liberated in several concentration camps. About 1000 Jews survived the war in Soviet areas.

1942: The liquidation of the WloclawekGhetto began today.

1942:  Jews throughout Greater Germany were prohibited from taking public transport.

1942: Eight days after turning nine, Ruth Bachrachova was transported from Prague to Terezin, the first leg of a trip that would lead to the death camps.

1942:  Birthdate of singer and film star Barbra Streisand.



1943: Oliver Harvey, Anthony Eden’s Private Secretary described the British Foreign Minister’s attitude toward the Jews with an entry in his diary stating “Unfortunately AE is immovable on the subject of Palestine.  He loves Arabs and hates Jews.”  This entry explains why the British Foreign office did nothing to save the Jews of Europe from the Holocaust and gives some example of the type of society in which Churchill was forced to make his decisions.

1943: A twelve day joint Anglo-American conference designed to deal with the issue of refugees (and in reality Jewish refugees) comes to an end without taking any action to save the Jews of Europe including the opening of Palestine to settlement by Jewish refugees.

1943(19th of Nissan 5703):Rabbi Menachem Ziemba a distinguished pre-World War II Rabbi who had been born in 1883, known as a Talmudic genius and prodigy was gunned down by the Nazis during the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. “Rabbi Menachem Zemba was born in a suburb of Warsaw, Poland in 1883. A follower of the Gerrer chassidic dynasty, he was a great genius and Torah scholar. He joined the Warsaw rabbinate in 1935, and was recognized as a leading rabbinic figure in pre-war Eastern Europe.

Rabbi Zemba was a moral force in the Warsaw Ghetto, always striving to infuse the community with optimism and hope. He arranged clandestine locations in cellars and bomb shelters where girls and boys would study Torah. Although afforded opportunities to escape the ghetto, he refused to do so, insisting that his presence was needed by the Jews in the ghetto. Rabbi Zemba was a strong supporter of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, donating personal funds for ammunition and giving his whole-hearted blessing for the endeavor (see Jewish History for the 27th of Nissan). Five days after the fighting begun, on Shabbat the 19th of Nissan, the house were Rabbi Zemba was hiding was set afire by the SS. When attempting to escape, Rabbi Zemba was shot dead by the Nazis. May G-d avenge his blood. The rabbi was buried in the Ghetto, and in 1958 his body was flown to Israel where he was buried in Jerusalem amid a great funeral procession. Rabbi Zemba was a prolific writer. Unfortunately, most of his scholarly manuscripts were burnt in the Warsaw Ghetto. His few works which were authored before the war are still studied by Torah scholars world-wide. (As reported by Chabad)

1944: Two escapees from Auschwitz, Rudolf Vrba and Alfred Wetzler reached Zilina, in northern Slovakia, where they worked with Jewish leaders on their report. The two men provided separate but consistent accounts. Factual assertions were checked against records whenever possible. The 32-page report was sent to the British and United States governments, the Vatican and the International Red Cross. Most important, it went to the leadership of Hungary's Jews, next on Hitler's list.

1945: When Soviet troops entered the German capital, they found 800 Jews alive at Berlin’s Jewish Hospital.1945: Forty-three year old Karl Ludwig von Guttenberg who had been arrested after the failure of the plot to assassinate Hitler in July, 1944 and who refused to name names despite being tortured by was murdered in the early hours of this morning by order of “Gestapo chief Heinrich Muller.”

1945: Holocaust survivor Dr. Hadassah Bimko Rosensaft, gave one of the first eyewitness accounts of the horrors of the Holocaust on a Movietone News newsreel that was filmed at the recently liberated Nazi concentration camp of Bergen-Belsen."It is difficult for me to describe," she said, "all that we inmates experienced here in the camps. As a small, very small example I can relate that we inmates were thrown onto the earth of a filthy, lice-filled camp, without blankets, without bags of hay, without beds. We were given a 12th of a piece of bread daily and one liter of turnip soup so that almost 75 percent of the inmates were swollen from hunger. A severe typhus epidemic broke out, and the hunger and the typhus devoured us." Through the camera she told the world how the Germans had refused to give starving inmates food shipments sent by the Red Cross until shortly before the arrival of British troops, and how the camp's SS commandant had stolen large quantities of chocolate intended for Jewish children to enrich himself on the black market.

1946:  Five thousand Jews attending a funeral for five Jews murdered by Poles at Nowy Targ, Poland, three days earlier were abused from rooftops and windows by anti-Semitic taunts.

1947: Birthdate of Roger David Kornberg an American biochemist and professor of structural biology at Stanford University School of Medicine who “was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2006 for his studies of the process by which genetic information from DNA is copied to RNA, "the molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription."

1947: The trial of Hans Biebow “the chief of German Nazi administration of the Łódź Ghetto in occupied Poland” continued for a second day.

1948(15th of Nisan, 5708): Pesach



1948: During the siege of Jerusalem, on the first day of Pesach, Zipporah Porath “feasted on an omelet made from our special Pesach ration, which included Matzah and one egg each.”

1949: Birthdate of Peter Friedman, the New York native who “played the role of Jewish immigrant ‘Tateh’ in Ragtime” for which he “was nominated for the 1998 Tony Award for Best Performance by a Leading Actor in a Musical and the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Actor in a Musical.”

 1950: King Abdullah of Jordan annexed all of the land west of the Jordan River and the Dead Sea seized by his troop.  The state of Jordan was formed by the union of Jordanian-occupied Palestine and the Kingdom of Transjordan. In the view of some, the creation of the original state of Trans-Jordan by the British after World War I was an illegal act since amounted to a partition of the Palestine Mandate.  That is why there are those that contend that if the Arabs want a state in Palestine, they already have it.  It is called Jordan.  The creation of Jordan in 1950 was another act of illegality.  The land west of the Jordan River including the eastern part of Jerusalem had been seized by the Jordanian Army during the Israeli War for Independence.  Since the Arabs held what is now called the West Bank, east Jerusalem and Gaza in 1950, you would have expected that the Arab State of Palestine would have been created.  The demand for an Arab state of Palestine in these areas only began after June, 1967.

1950: The government of Israel announced that it would not accept the annexation of eastern Jerusalem and the West Bank by Jordan.  Israel said that it had accepted the occupation as part of the truce agreement subject to final peace negotiations.  Israel expressed its displeasure at the possibility of British military installations being installed on her frontiers. 

1953: Drummer Buddy Rich, the son of Jewish-American vaudevillians, married “dance and showgirl” Marie Allison today with whom he had one child – Cathy – and to whom he remained married “until his death in 1987.”

1955: The Bandung Conference came to an end. At the height of the Cold War, twenty-nine self-described non-aligned nations of Asia and Africa finish a meeting that condemned colonialism, racism, and the Cold War. One of the prime movers behind the conference was Prime Minister Nehru of India.  The Israelis had wanted to attend.  They saw themselves as a socialist country who had thrown the British out and was not officially aligned with either the Eastern or Western Blocs.  However, Nehru did not want the Israelis there because it would upset the Arabs and the Moslems. 

1958(4th of Iyar, 5718): Yom HaAtzma'ut

1958: Thirteen months after being released in the United Kingdom, “Ill Met by Moonlight” on which Emeric Pressburger served as co-writer, co-director and co-producer was released today in New York City.

1958: Chaim Laskov, the recently appointed Chief of General Staff, “presided over a huge military parade in Jerusalem to mark the tenth anniversary of Israel's independence. This took place despite warnings by Jordan that such a parade would be considered an act of aggression. During the parade, Laskov displayed Israel's latest military hardware, including weapons captured from Egypt in the Sinai and from Syria during clashes in the Hula Valley.”

1958: Brooks Atkinson reviewed the first production of JB, a play based on the Book of Job for the New York Times.

1959(16thof Nisan, 5719): Second Day of Pesach

1959(16thof Nisan, 5719): Ninety-three year old violinist and conductor David Mannes, the husband of Clara Mannes and son-in-law of Leopold Damrosch, who helped to “found the Colored Music Settlement School” and the Mannes Music School

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1959/04/25/83683650.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0

1960(27thof Nisan, 5720): Sixty-five year old Ukraine native, Sophie Udin, the feminist and Zionist who married Pinhas Ginguld with whom she had two children – Yehuda and Marcia passed away today.

https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/udin-sophie-ada

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/udin-sophie-a

1961, Professor Salo Baron testified at the trial of Adolf Eichmann in Jerusalem. Baron explained the historical context of the Nazi genocide against the Jews. He further explained that in his birthplace, Tarnow, there had been 20,000 Jews before the war but, after Hitler, there were no more than 20. His parents and a sister were killed there1961, Professor Baron testified at the trial of Adolf Eichmann in Jerusalem. Baron explained the historical context of the Nazi genocide against the Jews. He further explained that in his birthplace, Tarnow, there had been 20,000 Jews before the war but, after Hitler, there were no more than 20. His parents and a sister were killed there

1962:  Dodger Legend Sandy Koufax pitched his second 18-strikeout game.

1963: The will of Samuel Paley, the father of William S. Paley, the Chairman of the Board of the Columbia Broadcasting System, was filed for probate today showing that that his estate “was valued at $27,000,000.

1963: Oskar Schindler wrote a letter from Frankfurt am Main today “to his close friend confidante Itzhak Stern” in which he “discusses his financial hardship,” speaks of the “optimism towards the future” he felt a year ago” and expresses his despair by asking himself “if it’s even worth lving.

1965(22nd of Nisan, 5725): 8th day of Pesach

1966(8thof Iyar, 5726): Yom HaZikaron

1968: The original West End London production of Man of La Mancha with music by Mitch Leigh opened at the Piccadilly Theatre.

1968: Mauritius becomes a member state of the United Nations. During World War II, the British used Mauritius as detention camp for Jews fleeing Hitler’s Europe who were trying to enter Palestine despite the White Paper. http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/Mauritius.html

1969(6thof 5729): Seventy-seven year old Yonkers NY, native and Dickinson College trained attorney,Joseph Altman  a powerful figure in New Jersey politics which led to his serving six terms as the Mayor of Atlantic City while raising his son Michael with his wife Lillian passed away today

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1969/04/25/90095532.pdf

1969: “If It's Tuesday, This Must Be Belgium”  a comedy directed by Mel Stuart, produced by Stan Margulies and David Wolper, with music by Walter Scharf and featuring Sandy Baron, Normal Fell and Marty Ingels was released today in the United States.

1969(6thof Iyar, 5729):Sixty-three year old Cincinnati native Henry Tavel, the HUC trained rabbi who served as chaplain during WW II winning the Bronze Star and entered civilian life in 1960 as congregational rabbi in Houston while raising a daughter Barbara with his wife Charlotte passed away today.

http://collections.americanjewisharchives.org/ms/ms0209/ms0209.html

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1969/04/28/90099871.pdf

1969(6thof Iyar, 5729): Fifty-four year old CCNY and NYU alum, Robert F. Greenberg, the New York math teacher and principal at the Walter J. Damrosch Jr. H.S. who raised two daughters – Mary and Amy – with his wife “the former Lucy Wachtell” passed away today.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1969/04/25/90095537.pdf

1970: Myrna Lamb’s musical “Mod Donna” opened the Joseph Papp Public Theatre in New York today.

1974: “Refusenik and war hero Yefim Davidovich suffered a heart attack”

1976: Birthdate of Nathan Rabin, an American film and music critic

1976: At The Town Hall in New York City, world premiere of Steve Reich’s “Music for 18 Musicians.

1977: A terrorist bus bombing injured 28 people at Hebron today.

1977: NBC broadcast the fourth and final episode “Lanigan’s Rabbi” which was based on a series of novels by Harry Kemelman co-starring Bruce Solomon in the role of “Rabbi David Small.”

1979(27thof Nisan, 5739) Yom HaShoah

1979(27thof Nisan, 5739): Seventy-six year old British Labour Party leader Maurice Orbach, the father of author Susie Orbach and Laurence Obach, the former history teacher and CEO of the Quarto Publishing Group passed away today.

http://www.jta.org/1979/04/27/archive/maurice-orbach-dead-at-76

1980: A seminar on Soviet Jewry sponsored by The European Union of Jewish Students opened today in Amsterdam.

1980: Barbara Tuchman delivers the Jefferson Lecture in the Humanities. The announcement contains the following:



Barbara Tuchman, who was born in 1912, never earned a graduate degree in history, but her best-selling books made history come alive for millions of readers and earned two Pulitzer Prizes for their author. Raised in a privileged New York family, Tuchman traveled extensively with her parents before attending Radcliffe College, where she studied history and literature. After her graduation, she wrote about the Spanish Civil War for The Nation, and then worked at the Office of War Information during World War II, traveling in Asia. These reporting stints sparked Tuchman's interest in the history of war. Tuchman’s first book, Bible and Sword: England and Palestine from the Bronze Age to Balfour(1956), expressed strong sympathy for Zionism. She is best known, however, for two books that won Pulitzer Prizes: The Guns of August(1962), about the First World War, and Stilwell and the American Experience in China, 1911-1945 (1972). The Guns of Augustwas later made into a movie of the same name. Although her relationships with professional historians were sometimes strained, Tuchman did garner recognition, serving as the president of the Society of American Historians (1970-1973), and as president of the American Academy of Arts and Letters (1979).Tuchman was the first woman invited to deliver the Jefferson Lecture in the Humanities under the auspices of the National Endowment for the Humanities. An invitation to give the Jefferson Lecture is the highest honor the federal government confers for distinguished intellectual achievement in the humanities. In her lecture, presented on April 24, 1980, Tuchman took "Mankind's Better Moments" as her title and theme, reflecting her general optimism about the human condition. Tuchman repeated the lecture in London a week later, the first time that a Jefferson Lecture had been repeated abroad, marking her international renown as a writer. Tuchman published her last book, The First Salute, just a year before her death in 1989.



1982: “A 5,000 word article in the newspaper Sovetskaya Moldaviya condemned the practice of sending parcels to Soviet Jews by people living in London, Copenhagen, Basel as part of the “Zionist conspiracy”

1983: In article entitled “Discovering Herod’s Israel,” Nitza Rosovsky describes the various building projects of the cruel king including those at Caeseria, Massada and Jerusalem remnants of which can be seen today as well as the opportunities for students to take part in archaeological digs during the summer.

1984(22ndof Nisan, 5744): Eighth Day of Pesach

1984: David Shipler, the New York Timescorrespondent in Israel “was summoned to the office of the director of the Government press office, Mordechai Dolinsky, and was ‘severely reprimanded’” for his reporting on the so called “Bus 300 Affair.”

1985: According to Israeli businessman Yaacov Nimrodi, today he canceled the sailing of the merchant ship, the Westline which had been scheduled to leave Eilat filled with weaponry for Iran as part of a deal that Americans would come to know as Iran-Contra.

1986(15thof Nisan, 5746): Pesach

1987:  Howard Stern held a free speech rally at Dag Hammarskjold Plaza New York City.

1990: In an example of meaningless political posturing, the House of Representatives adopted H.R. 290 “expressing support for Jerusalem as Israel’s capital.”

1990:  Securities law violator Michael Milken pled guilty to 6 felonies.

1991(10th of Iyar, 5751): Eighty-five year old English and Yiddish Poet Menke Katz who “won two Stephen Vincent Benet Narrative Poetry Awards, in 1970 and 1974”  whose English version of his two-volume Yiddish epic poem, "Burning Village," had been nominated for a Pulitzer Prize” passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/1991/04/26/obituaries/menke-katz-85-poet-appreciated-for-his-lyrical-style.html

1992: Catcher Jesse Levis appeared in his first major league baseball game wearing the uniform of the Cleveland Indians.

1992:  George Steinbrenner dropped his lawsuits against major league baseball.

1992: U.S. premiere of “White Sands” produced by Scott Rudin

1992: “Passed Away” a comedy produced by Larry Brezner and co-starring Peter Riegert was released today in the United States.

1992: U.S. premiere of “A Midnight Clear” a WW II movie starring Peter Berg.

1993:  ABC news analyst Jeff Greenfield married Karen Gannett.

1994: After having made it world premiere at the Long Wharf Theatre in New Haven, Arthur Miller’s Broken Glass opened at the Booth Theater.

1994: “Acting Against Type: The Self-Hating Jew” published today provides an interview with actor Ron Rifkin who plays the role of Phillip Glellburg in Arthur Miller’s “Broken Glass.”

http://www.nytimes.com/1994/04/24/theater/theater-acting-against-type-the-self-hating-jew.html

1996(5thof Iyar, 5756): Yom HaAtzma’ut – Israel Independence Day

1996(5thof Iyar, 5756): Seventy five year old Los Angeles native Melvin Wallace “Mel” Bleeker the USC quarterback who played for four years in the NFL – first with the Eagles and then with the Giants.

http://www.profootballarchives.com/playerb/blee00400.html

1997(17thof Nisan 5757): Third Day of Pesach

1997:A special Seder was held in Washington D.C. today and attended by the Dalai Lama, as well as by numerous U.S. dignitaries and celebrities, including Supreme Court Justice Stephen Breyer and Adam Yauch of the Beastie Boys

1998: “Sliding Doors” a comedy starring Gwnyeth Paltrow and produced by Sydney Pollack was released today in the United States.

1998: “In God’s Hands” a surfing film directed by Zalman King who co-authored the screenplay was released in the United States today.

1999(8thof Iyar, 5759): Parashat Achrei Mot-Kedoshim

1999(8thof Iyar, 5759): Sixty-three year old Alexandria born French psychiatrist Jacques Hassoun who became an amateur expert on the history of the Egyptian Jewish community.

http://www.bassatine.net/hassoun.php

1999: “Woman Wins 600G From Face-Lift Doc” published today described the outcome of a suit brought against Dr. Pamela Lipkin.

2000(19thof Nisan, 5760): Pearl Padamsee, the Indian stage actress, director and producer whose mother was Jewish passed away today.

http://www.hindu.com/2000/04/30/stories/1330128a.htm

2001: The Criterion Collection released a DVD version of Jules Dassin’s “Rififi.”

2002: Erich Bloch has named Erich Bloch as the recipient of the Vannevar Bush Award, “it highest award for scientific achievement and statesmanship.”

2003(22ndof Nisan, 5763): 8th Day of Pesach

2003(22ndof Nisan, 5763): Outside the train station in Kfar Saba which had only been open for eleven days,  Security guard Alexander Kostyuk was murdered and 13 were wounded in a suicide bombing for which groups  related to the Fatah Al Aksa Martyrs Brigades and the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine claimed responsibility.

2004(3rd of Iyar, 5764):  Estée Lauder, found of a cosmetics company bearing her name passed away.  Lauder was born Josephine Esther Mentzer in Queens, New York in 1906.  She was the daughter of Hungarian Jewish immigrants. She married Joseph Lauter in 1930, divorced him in 1939, and re-married him in 1942. The Lauter family changed their surname to "Lauder" in the late 1930s.They remained married until his death in 1982. Lauder died in her Manhattan home of cardiopulmonary failure at the age of 97.She was the only woman on Timemagazine's 1998 list of the 20 most influential business geniuses of the 20th century. She was also the recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom.

http://www.nytimes.com/2004/04/26/nyregion/estee-lauder-pursuer-of-beauty-and-cosmetics-titan-dies-at-97.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm

2004(3rdof Iyar, 5764): Twenty-four year oldNathan Bruckenthal was killed today in a suicide attack in the Northern Persian Gulf. “Nathan Bruckenthal was a fun-loving child. “He was all good things, everything every father would love,” recalled his father, Eric Bruckenthal. His parents separated when Bruckenthal was 6 years old and then respectively remarried, but the two families remained close. Bruckenthal grew up in Stony Brook, N.Y., in a home where a sense of purpose was drilled into him. His father has been on the police force for 35 years, and his stepfather was in the Army. So when Bruckenthal approached his father about enlisting in the Coast Guard, Eric Bruckenthal was not surprised. Later, after joining the specialized Tactical Law Enforcement Team, Bruckenthal was deployed to Iraq.  He had just found out that his wife was three months pregnant with their first child when he was killed. That child, a daughter, recently turned 6 years old. As the only Coast Guard officer to be killed in action since the Vietnam War, Bruckenthal left a legacy that has been embraced by the Coast Guard, which has invited his father to speak at its events. “Though I lost a son, I gained 40,000 surrogate sons and daughters in the Coast Guard,” his father said. Though Bruckenthal did not have a bar mitzvah, he began identifying with Judaism toward the end of his life and decided that when he returned home, he would become a bar mitzvah. “He was laid in his coffin, draped in a tallis and the Star of David. For our family, he received his last rites as a Jewish man,” his father said.       ‘

2005(15th of Nisan, 5765):  First day of Pesach.  In the evening, count the omer for the first time.

2005(15th of Nisan, 5765):  Ezer Weizman passed away. If you did not know that such a person had really lived, you would have thought his life was the creation of Walter Scott style novelist.  

http://www.nytimes.com/2005/04/25/obituaries/25weizman.html?pagewanted=all&position=

2005: The New York Times reviewed The End of Poverty by Jeffrey D. Sachs,in which the author argues that if the wealthy countries of the world were to increase their combined foreign aid budgets to between $135 billion and $195 billion for the next decade, and properly allocate that money, extreme global poverty -- defined by the World Bank as an income of less than a dollar a day -- could be eliminated by 2025.

2006(26thof Nisan, 5766): Ninety-one year old “Rabbi Moshe (Moses) Teitelbaum, the leader of the Satmar sect passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/2006/04/25/nyregion/rabbi-moses-teitelbaum-is-dead-at-91.html

2006:This evening, the State of Israel will take time out to remember the six million Jews who perished in the Holocaust, marking the start of Holocaust Remembrance Day.

2007: The New York Times reported that “David Halberstam, a Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist and tireless author of books on topics as varied as America’s military failings in Vietnam, the deaths of firefighters at the World Trade Center and the high-pressure world of professional basketball, was killed yesterday in a car crash south of San Francisco. He was 73.” Strangely enough the prolific author who wrote on from Apartheid to the Red Sox-Yankee rivalry never wrote about Israel, the Middle East, or any topic related to Jews or Judaism.

2007:The military wing of Hamas fired a barrage of rockets and mortar shells from the Gaza Strip into Israel for the first time since Hamas committed to a cease-fire in November. A spokesman for the Hamas military wing in Gaza declared the truce there over.” The rockets fired by Hamas are not to be confused with rockets fired by other terrorists during this period. 

2007: The long awaited second novel by Nathan Englander, The Ministry of Special Cases, was released.

2007:Brooklyn Borough President Marty Markowitz and the Brooklyn Jewish Heritage Committee co-hosted Jewish Heritage Night. The annual event, which is open to the public, recognizes the myriad achievements of Jewish Brooklynites and celebrates Israeli independence.



2007 (6th of Iyar, 5767):Yom HaAtzma'ut

2007: Irwin Hansen, the creator of the comic strip Dondi suffered a stroke today.

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/16/arts/irwin-hasen-comic-book-artist-and-dondi-illustrator-dies-at-96.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

2008: The Jerusalem Cinematheque features a screening of Adma \ אדמה.

2008: The Washington Post reported that author Cynthia Ozick has won 2 Lifetime Achievement Awardsthis week - the $5,000 PEN/Malamud prize for short fiction, and the $20,000 PEN/Nabokov award for "enduring originality and consummate craftsmanship."

2008(19th of Nisan, 5768):Two Israeli security guards were shot dead in a night time attack at the Nitzanei Shalom industrial zone, near the West Bank city of Tul Karm. A third guard managed to flee after the gunman opened fire. The victims were named as Shimon Mizrahi, 53, of Beit Hefer, and Eli Wasserman, 50, of Alfei Menashe.

2009(30th of Nisan, 5769):Irving D. Chais, who in his 45 years as the owner and chief surgeon of the New York Doll Hospital in Manhattan reattached thousands of heads, arms and legs; reimplanted fake hair shorn by scissor-wielding toddlers; and soothed the feelings of countless doll lovers, young and old, passed away today at the age of 83.

2009: At Agudas Achim in Iowa City, annual Sisterhood Shabbat.

2009: Harvard Law School professor Cass Suunstein and Samantha Power gave birth to their first child Declain Power Sunstein

2009: In Columbus, Ohio, last day for nominations JCC's Jewish Sports Hall of Fame

 2009:  At the Folger Shakespeare Library in Washington, D.C., Amy Bloom, author of the novels “Come to Me” (a National Book Award finalist) and “Away,” joins novelist Susan Choi, author of “The Foreign Student and American Woman,” for a joint reading presented by PEN/Faulkner.

2009: Rosh Chodesh Iyar, 5769 (first day of two day Rosh Chodesh)

2010: “A Tiny Piece of Land” is scheduled to have its final performance at the Pico Playhouse in Los Angeles California.

2010:Father’s Footsteps,” a movie about a Tunisian-Israeli family that settles in Paris and  “For My Father,” a movie about a Palestinian terrorist who comes to know Israelis first-hand when forced to spend a weekend in Tel Aviv are scheduled to be shown at the 2010 NoVA International Jewish Film Festival.

2011: The 92nd Street Y is scheduled to present “Russian Piano School: A Conversation with Vladimir Feltsman” the Russian born Jewish classical pianist.

2011: The New York Times features reviews of books by Jewish president and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including “Scribble, Scribble, Scribble: Writing on Politics, Ice Cream, Churchill, and My Mother” by Simon Schama, “Come On All You Ghosts” by Matthew Zapruder and “Silver Roses” by Rachel Wetzsteon.



2011: The Los Angeles Times features reviews of books by Jewish president and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including “Trillin on Texas” by Calvin Trillin.

2011(20thof Nisan, 5771): A group of 15 Jewish worshipers were hit by gunfire from Palestinian security forces as they Joseph’s Tomb. A 30-year-old male was pronounced dead at the scene. A 20-year-old man was injured in serious condition, suffering of an abdominal wound. He was airlifted to Bellinson Hospital in Petah Tikva where he underwent surgery. A 17-year-old youth was evacuated by a Magen David Adom Yarkon crew in moderate condition, suffering a wound to his shoulder. Another youth was injured and evacuated for medical treatment after he was questioned by authorities. Another two were in light condition and were treated on scene.

2011(20thof Nisan, 5771):Ben Yosef Livnat, 25, was killed this morning after praying at Joseph's Tomb where his father, Noam once sat and learned more than a decade ago.

2011(20thof Nisan, 5771):One hundred year old Hudesa Gora, a Holocaust survivor who ran a fur business in the Cleveland area for many years passed away today. According to published reports, “She belonged to Kol Israel Foundation, a Cleveland-area group of Holocaust survivors, and to ORT.Gora was born in Krasnik, Poland, a town of 5,000 at the time, half of which was Jewish. After the Nazi occupation at the beginning of World War II, Gora obtained false gentile identity papers so she could work outside the ghetto. According to a story in the Cleveland Jewish News, Gora raised the suspicions of the Catholic family for whom she worked when she “baked a loaf of bread and did not put a cross on the bottom of it per their custom. She left that job quickly.” The Gestapo once rounded up a group that included Gora, her sister and her sister’s two children, almost all of whom had false identity papers. She was not able to get them for her nephew. “When an officer discovered this and asked who the boy belonged to, Mrs. Gora prevented her sister from claiming him because she realized the Nazis would know she was Jewish and kill her. The boy was taken away and killed,” the Cleveland paper reported. Gora lost the majority of her family in the Holocaust. She met her husband, Charles, and married him in Germany, came to the United States in 1949 and settled in Cleveland the next year.”

2011:Tamir Cohen, of the Bolton Wanderers, and the son Avi Cohen paid a tribute to his late father after scoring the winner against Arsenal and celebrating with a printed T-shirt with his father's face on it.

2012: “Looking for Lenny,” a film about the late Lenny Bruce, is scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Film Festival.

2012: The Jerusalem International Chamber Music Festival, a project initiated by pianist Elena Bashkirova, is scheduled to begin today in the Glass Courtyard.

2013: “Kinderblock 66” and “Hitler’s Children” are scheduled to be shown at the Northern Virginia Jewish Film Festival.

2013: Wa'al al-Arjeh “was convicted of intentional murder and sentenced to two life terms and an additional 58 years” for his role in the deaths of Asher and Yonatan Palmer.”

2013: Representatives from the Virginia Jewish Community are scheduled to participate in “Mission to Washington” which include briefings from State Department Officials about the Arab Spring and meetings with Senators Warner and Kaine.

2013: “Pictures of Resistance: The Wartime Photographs of Jewish Partisan Faye Schulman” is scheduled to close at the Oregon Jewish Museum in Portland.

http://www.ojm.org/index.htm

2013:Deputy Finance Minister Mickey Levy (Yesh Atid) denounced the haredim as "parasites" during an interview on haredi radio this morning. He almost immediately retracted the comment, explaining that it was said "in a moment of anger."

2013: Histadrut Labor Federation Chairman Ofer Eini threatened Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu and Finance Minister Yair Lapid with a general strike over expected budget cuts that could cut workers’ pay.

2014: Illinois Holocaust Museum & Education Center is scheduled to host “Rwanda in the Aftermath of Genocide: A Twenty Year Perspective.”

2014: In Washington, D.C., Georgetown University is hosting “a full-day centenary tribute” in honor of Jan Karski.

http://www.timesofisrael.com/holocaust-whistleblower-jan-karski-honored-by-georgetown/

2014(24thof Nisan, 5774): Supercentenarian Arturo Licata passed away today leaving Alexander Imich “who escaped Nazi persecution and the Soviet gulag” “as the world’s oldest living man.” (As reported by Yifa Yaakov)

2014:  “The Jewish Cardinal” is scheduled to be shown at the JCC Rockland International Jewish Film Festival

2014: In New York, Temple Shaaray Tefila is scheduled to host a “Klezmer Jam” where attendees are encouraged to bring their own instruments and join in the dancing.

2015: In Cedar Rapids, IA, Temple Judah is scheduled to host “Retro Reform” Shabbat services using Gates of Prayer.

2015: Lewis Black is scheduled to appear at the DeVos Performance Hall in Grand Rapids, Michigan.

2015: “The Go-Go Boys” and “While We’re Young” are scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2015: Thanks to the efforts of Ben Jaffe, the son of Allan Jaffe of blessed memory and Alan Samson “the Preservation Hall Jazz Band headlined this year’s 24th annual Touro Synagogue Jazz Fest Shabbat held as part of the Friday night service. (The event took place on the 80th anniversary of Allan Jaffe’s birth)

2015: Shoah survivor Louise Lawrence Israels is scheduled to speak the US Holocaust Memorial Museum today.

2015: The main, Midtown Manhattan branch of Carnegie Deli was closed temporarily due to the discovery of an illegal gas line in the restaurant.

2015: Ninety-three year old Auschwitz survivor Wladyslaw Bartoszewski passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/28/world/europe/wladyslaw-bartoszewski-polish-auschwitz-survivor-who-fought-for-jews-dies-at-93.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

2015: The meeting of the Republican Jewish Coalition is scheduled to open today in Las Vegas.

2016(16thof Nisan, 6776): Second Day of Pesach

2016: “Two Indian-born Jewish brothers” David and Simon Reuben” were named today as the
richest people in Britain according to the UK Sunday Times.
2016: The New York Times featured books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Old Age: A Beginner’s Guide by Michael Kinsley, Disraeli: The Novel Politician by David Cesarani and The Houseguest by Kim Brooks.


2017: Seventy-seven year old Benjamin Reynolds Barber, the New York born son of Philip Barber and the daughter of Doris Frankel best known for his writings about Jihad passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/25/us/benjamin-barber-dead-jihad-vs-mcworld.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

2017(28thof Nisan, 5777): Yom Ha’Shoah – Holocaust Remembrance Day

2017: Holocaust Survivor Jacob Eisenbach is scheduled to speak this afternoon at the Sinclair Auditorium at Coe College in Cedar Rapids, IA thanks to the efforts of the David and Joan Thaler Holocaust Remembrance Committee chaired by Dr. Robert Silber.

2017: The Leo Baeck Institute is scheduled to present “When We Remembered Zion” during which “the Grammy-nominated New Budapest Orpheum Society, under the direction of Philip V. Bohlman and Ilya Levinson, bears witness to those murdered, those who resisted, and those who must not be forgotten. 2017: The Yeshiva University Museum is scheduled to present Liel Leibovitz lecturing on “Inbound Exile: Jerusalem As Viewed From Tel Aviv.”

2017: The Center for Jewish History and the YIVO Institute for Jewish Research is scheduled to host a poetry reading and discussion led by Lee Sharkey who “will read from her new poetry collection Walking Backwards.”

2017: With “Israel’s Holocaust Remembrance Day” coming just a week after the end of Passover, “Yad Vashem created an online photo exhibit commemorating the celebration of the significant spring holiday before, during and after the Holocaust.”

http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/passover/index.asp?utm_source=social&utm_medium=tw&utm_campaign=pessach_en#prettyPhoto

2017: The Seder Plates belonging to the late Joan Rivers, “made in the 1980s by Spode Judaica in the United Kingdom” is scheduled to be auctioned today J. Greenstein and Co. in Cedarhurst, NY.

2018: Armenian Genocide Remembrance Day, an event discussed in Ambassador Morgenthau’s Story by Henry Morgenthau, Sr. and was an event that helped Polish Jewish lawyer Raphael Lemkin to “coin the concept of Genocide as a crime against humanity.”

2018: Today, “it was announced that the Canadian division would be sold to Fairfax Financial for approximately $234 million, and would continue to operate the locations under the Toys "R" Us name, a name made famous by the chain’s founder Charles Lazarus.

2018:”The head of Germany’s Central Council of Jews, Josef Schuster, warned against wearing religious symbols on city streets for fear of attacks” and urging “Jews to wear baseball caps instead of kipot.”

2018: The Steicker Center is scheduled to hold a reception prior to tomorrow’s opening to the general public of the exhibit “Home: Lens on Israel” which is “a photographic tour celebrating Israel’s 70th birthday, explore the multitude of communities—and worlds—that dwell side by side within Israel’s meager 8,000 square miles, just the size of New Jersey.”

2018: The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to host a new version of “Dine and Discuss” where attendees will watch and discuss an episode of “Shitsel.”

https://forward.com/culture/334808/why-i-cant-stop-watching-shtisel/

2019: The Yeshiva University Museum is scheduled to host an art workshop where attendees can “create a Mizrach, a family name plate or a decorative plaque” which will be “a personally meaningful work of art for the Passover holiday.”

2019: At the same time that Jews stop praying for the winds to blow and the rain to fall, Israelis are spending Pesach enjoying a “rare Spring-time snow” that has fallen on Mount Hermon.

2019(19thof Nissan, 5779): Fifth Day of Pesach; Fourth Day of the Omer;

2020: In Boston, the Combined Jewish Philanthropies is scheduled to host “Friday Night Lights: Welcoming Shabbat Together on Line.

2020: Through Zoom or Facebook Life, the Riverway Project is scheduled to host “Shabbat Recharge” during which “we will light candles, offer a blessing over the wine and challah, sing blessings for healing and hear a kavannah (intention) from a member of our community.”

2020: The Streicker Center is scheduled to host on line Spices 101 with LIor Lev Sercarz talking about “How to Build the Perfect Spice Pantry at Home.”

2020: Observance of Armenian Genocide Remembrance Day, marking the 105thanniversary of Ottoman assault on its Armenian citizens which was an event that Hitler reputedly cited when he would take about the need not to fear any worldwide backlash during the Holocaust.

2020(30th of Nisan): Rosh Chodesh Iyar; for more see http://downhomedavartorah.blogspot.com/









This Day, April 25, In Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb Levin Z"L

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April 25



693: Opening session of the Sixteenth Council of Toledo which, before its close, would add more regulations that would prove oppressive to the Jews living under the Visigoths.  This Visigoth anti-Semitism would provide a major impetus for Jewish support of the Moors when they invaded Spain in the early decades of the next century.

1211: Birthdate of Duke Frederick II the Quarrelsome who granted a privilegium to the Austrian Jews in 1244.

1214: Birthdate of King Louis IX of France. According to one historian Louis “hated the Jews so thoroughly that he would not look at them.”  Considering the fact that Louis that Louis financed his Crusade from the wealth he stole from his Jewish subjects, the fact that he expelled them from his domain and that he burned 12,000 copies of the Talmud and other Jewish texts, one would have to say that there is more than just a little credence to this evaluation.

1221(2ndof Iyar): Baruch ben Samuel, a leading Talmudist and author of religious poems  “who was one of the leading signatories of the Takkanot Shum, a set of decrees designed to deal with the problems facing Rhineland Jews in the wake of the Crusades passed away today.

1284: Sancho IV of Castile, who treated the story of the affair between Rahel la Fermosa, a Jewish woman from Toledo, and King Alfonso VIII as fact and not fable, began his reign today.

1284: Birthdate of King Edward II of England Edward would be the first King of England since the Norman Conquest, to reign over a Kingdom that had no Jewish subjects.

1295: King Sancho IV of Castile who treated the story of the affair between Rahel la Fermosa, a Jewish woman from Toledo, and King Alfonso VIII as fact and not fable, began passed away. Among the Jews who served Sancho were the Kabbalist Todros Abulafia and the physicians of the Ibn Waqar family who were close enough to the king that they served as witnesses to his last will and testament.

1342: Pope Benedict XII during whose Papacy a large number of Jewish communities were attacked in Bavaria, Austria and Poland and Isaac ben Jacob of Lattes of Provence wrote “Toledot Yitzhak” which provided a history of his community passed away today.

1367:  Poland's Casimir III "The Great" expanded the "privileges" of 1334 to include the Jews in Lesser Poland and Ukraine.

1599:  Birthdate of Oliver Cromwell.  Most people remember Cromwell as one of the leaders in the revolt against Charles I that left the latter a beheaded monarch and the former Lord Protector.  To the Jews, he is the English leader who enabled the Jews to return to England after three and half centuries of exile.  Despite a great deal of opposition, Cromwell held fast to his commitment to the return of the Jews.  Although they came in secret at first, by 1657, one year before the death of Cromwell, the Jews of London felt confident enough in their position to purchase a building to be used as a Synagogue. Cromwell passed away in September, 1658.

1607: During the Eighty Years' War, the Dutch fleet destroys the anchored Spanish fleet at Gibraltar.The Eighty Years' War, or Dutch Revolt, was the war of secession between the Netherlands and the Spanish king that lasted from 1568 to 1648. The war resulted in the Seven United Provinces being recognized as an independent state. The United Provinces of the Netherlands, or the Dutch Republic, became a world power for a time through its merchant shipping and experienced a period of economic, scientific and cultural growth.The region now known as Belgium and Luxembourg also became established as the Southern Netherlands, part of the Seventeen Provinces that remained under royal Habsburg rule.  The Spanish were Catholics.  The Dutch were Protestants.  More importantly, the Protestant Dutch were willing to provide a safe haven for the Jews.  In fact, the early Jewish community in the Netherlands was dominated by Sephardic Jews whose families had been driven out of Catholic Spain.  It was this Dutch victory over the Spanish that would mean that New Amsterdam would be Protestant and would be a haven for the first Jewish community in what would become the United States. 

1744: Birthdate of German native Juettle Kahn the daughter of David Kahn, and husband of Aron Loeb Regensburger and the mother of Sara, Monathan, Esther and Madel Regegensburger all of whom passed away in Jebenhausen, Germany.

1774(14thof Iyar, 5534): As the Jews living in the 13 colonies observed Pesach Sheni as loyal subjects of King George III, British forces which had orders to close the port of Boston were making their way acorss the Atlantic.

1770: Birthdate of Georg Sverdrup the Norwegian who favored a constitutional ban on Jews living in his country because he “felt that it would be incompatible with Judaism to deal honestly with Christians, writing that ‘no person of the Jewish faith may come within Norway's borders, far less reside there.’”

1780: In Buchau, Johanna Ullman and Jacob Dreifus gave birth to Moses Jakob Dreifus, the husband of Regina Maendle with whom he had six children.

1785: in Newport, RI, Judith Rachel Mears and Moses Isaacks who were married in Philadelphia in 1764 gave birth to Jacob Isaacks.

1795: After nineteen days of imprisonment, German-Jewish author Saul Ascher was released by authorities in Berlin.

1785: Birthdate of Meyer Israel Bresselau, a notary by trade who “was a founding member and chairman of the Hamburg Temple, one of the first Jewish reform congregations in Germany>

1791: Birthdate of Abraham Lazarus, the husband of Mary Wilks whom he married in 1809 at London’s Great Synagogue.

1792:Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle composed La Marseillaise (French national anthem). One hundred and eighty-one years La Marseillaise would become part of Jewish liturgy. On Shemini Atzeres, 5734/1973, before the fourth hakafa, the Rebbe stood on the edge of the bima and began to sing “Ha’aderes vehaemuna” to the tune of the French national anthem, “La Marseillaise.”Rebbe’s rendition of “Ha’aderes vehaemuna” to “La Marseillaise,” was related to the concept of “Napoleon’s March,” when the Alter Rebbe took the theme of victory from the March.

1794: Two days after the Vilna Gaon’s 74th birthday, the Great Hetman of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania Szymon Marcin Kossakowski was hanged as a traitor of the Commonwealth during the Vilnius Uprising of 1974.

1803: Wolf Breidenbach, a self-made man who used his wealth and influence in the cause of Jewish emancipation in Germany, succeeded today in having the Jewish "Leibzoll" abolished in Isenburg.  The "Leibzoll" was a tax levied on Jews when they entered a town in which they did not leave or in which the Jews had not been granted special priviliges.

1808: Birthdate of Gustav Weil, the native of Sulzburg who eschewed a career as a rabbi and instead became one of the leading Orientalists of his time which, in those days meant a study of what today we call the Middle East including studies of the world of Islam and their leading prophet.

1810: Nineteen days after having been arrested, 33 year old Berlin native Saul Ascher was released by authorities.

1819: Two days after he had passed away, 56 year old Henry Alexander was buried today at the “Brady Street Jewish Cemetery.”

1823: Birthdate of “German orientalist and biblical scholar” whose works included commentaries on Genesis published in 1875, Exodus and Leviticus published in 1880 and the “Ascension of Isaiah” published in 1877.

1823: Birthdate of Abdülmecid I, the Ottoman Sultan under whom Yakir Gueron served as chief rabbi of Constantinople

1824: Birthdate of Samuel Mohilwer, the native of Hluboka who became a rabbi and a supporter of Jewish settlement in Palestine.

1825: Yenchiel Michael ben Samuel married Hindela bat Eliezer today at the Western Synagogue.

1829(22ndof Nisan, 5589): Eighth Day of Pesach and Shabbat; Yizkor is recited for the first time during the Presidency of Andrew Jackson.

1830: In London, Rebeca Raphael Medola and Rabbi David Aaron De Sola gave birth to Elizabeth David De Sola.

1845: Today, the Herald of Freedom published an article entitled "The Jews and the Holy Land" in which Nathanial Peabody Rogers, a leading abolitionist from New Hampshire "expressed his views of Mordecai Noah's efforts at Jewish restoration in Palestine." Showing a complete lack of understanding of Jewish feeling for Palestine, Rogers expressed his opposition to "any American Jewish effort to rebuild a Jewish Palestine as a weakening of the struggle for justice and equal rights in the United States."

1846(29th of Nisan): Rabbi Judah ben Joshua Heskiel Bacharach, author of “Nimukei Hagriv and a lineal descendent of Tobias Bacharach, passed away today

1846:The United Order of True Sisters, the first independent national women's organization in America, held its first meeting. Organized at Temple Emanu-El in New York City, the United Order of True Sisters (UOTS) was conceived as a female counterpart to the male Jewish B'nai B'rith organization (founded in 1843), but functioning separately, UOTS claims to be the first independent national women's organization in the United States. Some of the Order's goals resembled those of earlier Jewish women's mutual aid and charitable societies. The Sisters sought "refinement of the heart and mind and moral improvement," and paid regular dues to be used for burial fees and material aid to members struck by illness or sudden poverty. Unlike earlier charitable women's organizations, however, the UOTS also had explicitly political goals. In the words of the group's 1864 constitution, the Order sought "particularly the development of free, independent and well-considered action of its members. The women are to expand their activities, without neglecting their obligations as housekeepers, in such a manner, that if necessary they can participate in public meetings and discussions." The structure of the lodge, with secret passwords, degrees of membership, and closely-guarded rituals, mirrored the organization of men's fraternal organizations like B'nai B'rith, the Masons, and the Odd Fellows. The members of UOTS were mostly middle-class German-Jewish women, as evidenced by the fact that meetings at most lodges were conducted in German until the end of the First World War. Many members were wives of B'nai B'rith members. The UOTS provided these women a place to exercise their leadership abilities and develop a role in the public sphere, without being subject to the authority of men. Although most probably did not fear material want, the system of mutual aid provided an unusual degree of security and independence. Initiated under the leadership of Henriette Bruckman, and founded with just ten other members, the original lodge counted over 100 members by 1851. In the same year, the UOTS established a Grand Lodge as an umbrella organization to connect lodges in different cities and to centralize authority. By the mid-1860s, lodges existed in Philadelphia, New Haven, and Albany as well as New York. Active in public life from the beginning, the UOTS established its own newspaper, Der Vereinsote, in 1884.Today, the UOTS continues to maintain chapters across the country, although its focus has changed and is no longer identified as an exclusively Jewish organization. Since 1947, the main activities of the Order have been raising money for cancer research and providing support to cancer patients. The most recent chapter was formed in Suffolk County, New York, in 1978.

1846: “Charles VI” a French grand opera with music composed by Fromental Halevy was performed at The Hague for the first time.

1847: In New York, the “Orthodox congregation…composed exclusively of natives of Holland” which was found on April 14, 1847 and was led by Rabbi Simon C. Noot today “adopted the name B’nai Israel today.

1848(22ndof Nisan, 5608): Eighth and final day of Pesach

1848:  The new Austrian constitution guaranteed freedom of the Jewish religion.

1849:General Joseph von Radowitz began serving as the chief minister for Frederick William IV “who declared in the beginning of his reign that he desired to exclude the Jews from military service, believed strongly in a "Christian" state.”

1850: Paul Julius Reuter used 40 pigeons to carry stock market prices.  Born Israel Beer Josaphat, Reuter had left his uncle's bank just two years before to establish what would become one of the world's greatest news gathering organizations.

1851: In Neuilly-sur-Seine, Hauts-de-Seine, Nathaniel de Rothschild and Charlotte de Rothschild (née de Rothschild) gave birth to Baron Arthur de Rothschild yachtsman and philatelist.

1852: Plymouth, England native Esther Braham and Russian born Joseph Benjamin gave birth to David Ezekiel Benjamin.

1852: Twenty-one Reform Jews formed Washington Hebrew Congregation in Washington D.C.

1853: Two days after she had passed away, 77 year old Ann (Levy) Lazarus, the wife of Aaron Lazarus was buried today at the “Brompton (Fulham Road) Jewish Cemetery.”

1854: In London, Rosetta Abrahams and Moses Joseph Martin gave birth to Judith Martin.

1859: Construction of the Suez Canal begins. The construction and operation of the canal became entangled in the European power politics and imperial conflicts between the French, who built the canal and the British who wanted to control it.  While serving as Prime Minister, Benjamin Disraeli bought a controlling interest in the company that owned the canal.  This “extra-legal” purchase was made possible by money from the House of Rothschild.

1860: In Dayton, OH, Jacob Ach and the former Jeanette Guttman gave birth to Samuel Ach, the husband of the former Esther Ruth Kahn who was the head of The Samuel Ach Company of Cincinnati, OH, which included a Tailor Made Hat Department.

https://digital.cincinnatilibrary.org/digital/collection/p16998coll6/id/3457/





1861: In New York City Joseph and Babette Steinhart gave birth to influential political economist Edwin Robert Anderson Seligman, the husband of Caroline Beer who earned a B.A. Ph.D. and LL.B from Columbia University and who became the head of the faculty of economics and sociology at his alma mater while authoring numerous works that works were “translated into French, Italian and Japanese” including The Economic Interpretation of History.

1861: At the outbreak of the Civil War, Philadelphian William Moss, the son of Joseph and Julia Moss enlisted for a three month hitch with Company A of the Seventeenth Regiment. (Lincoln’s initial call had been for ninety-volunteers)

1862: In London, Colonel George Henry Grey and Harriet Jane Pearson gave birth to Sir Edward Grey, the British Foreign Minister who expressed his support for “a homeland for the Jewish people” and after the outbreak of WW I, for the “emancipation of the Russian Jews.

1864(19thof Nisan, 5624): Fifth Day of Pesach

1864: As Jews munched on their matzah, in Arkansas, the Rebs and the Union clashed at the Battle of Marks’ Mills.

1865 Birthdate of Frannie Bernstine who was buried at the Temple Beth-El Cemetery in Pensacola when she passed away

1867(20th of Nisan, 5627): Sixth Day of Pesach

1867: As Jews munched on their matzah, “Tokyo was opened for foreign trade” today.

1880(14th of Iyar, 5640): Pesach Sheni

1880(14th of Iyar, 5640): Joseph Seligman, founder of Seligman Brothers passed away today in New Orleans.

http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/13403-seligman

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Seligman

http://www.fau.edu/library/brody33.htm

1880: In Ostrina, Russia, Mr. and Mrs. Nathan Krensky gave birth to Harry Krensky who came to the United States at age 13 and who would return to Russia to facilitate his parents coming to America.  Krensky eventually settled in Waterloo, Iowa where he became a successful merchant.

1880: “The Falashas –Remnants of Jews in Abyssinia” published today provides a brief history of the Jews of Ethiopia beginning with the generals who divided the empire created by Alexander the Great.

1880:  It was reported today that a correspondent for the Jewish Messenger in Jerusalem has described the attempt to develop a Jewish agricultural movement near Safed has failed.  The farms have been abandoned and the would be-farmers have returned to live in Safed.

1881: “Journeys in Asia Minor” published today includes a review of “The Land of Gilead with Excursions in the Lebanon” by Laurence Oliphant.”  According to the review the book describes Oliphant’s mission to the land ruled by the Ottomans which included what some saw as “nothing less than” an attempt to begin “a restoration of the Jews” in Palestine.

1881:  A petition signed by 250,000 Germans was presented to the government requesting the barring of foreign Jews from admission into Germany. The petition bore no less than two hundred and fifty-five thousand signatures. This petition marked the opening of modern German anti-Semitism.

1881: In what some say marks the start of “modern anti-Semitism” in Germany, “a petition signed by 250,000 Germans was presented to the government requesting the barring of foreign Jews from admission to the country

1882 “The Persecuted Russian Jews” published today described a meeting that was held in Berlin attended by Sir Julian Goldsmid and Dr. Herman Adler from London, Mortiz Ellinger from the United States and several leading German Jews to decide the roles that various Jewish communities should play in aiding their c0-religiionists trying to escape the Czar’s oppression.  The Jews of London and Berlin will take care of raising funds for the efforts.  The Jews in the United States will be in charge of procuring employment for the immigrants as they arrive in America.

1882: Tonight, in the Russian town of Kamentz, shops and houses belonging to the Jews were destroyed by a fire.  Losses are reported to total 500,000 rubles.

1882: It was reported today that four hundred “Jewish mechanics” who had left Warsaw for the United Sates were stopped at the border between Russia and Germany because they did not have passports. Several of them escaped but most of them are being held by authorities and are waiting for a disposition of their cases. (The Russians did not want to keep the Jews but they did not want to let them leave either.)

1883: Birthdate of Brooklyn native and Harvard graduate Clarence Grove Bachrach the Brooklyn Law School trained attorney and partner in the firm of Bachrach and Bisgyer.

1883: In Duluth, MN, Henry F. and Caroline NIrdlinger Leopold gave birth to University of Pennsylvania graduate Morton F. Leopold, author of “Lining Up Our Silent Salesman.”

https://books.google.com/books?id=HgHmAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA8-PA17&lpg=RA8-PA17&dq=morton+f.+leopold&source=bl&ots=ifsHUfpVoM&sig=ACfU3U19oaaCjllGnZ8Dy9zvKZKKE8v53Q&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj-p83O7oHpAhXPAp0JHdlhDsgQ6AEwAnoECAQQAQ#v=onepage&q=morton%20f.%20leopold&f=false

1884(30th of Nisan, 5644): Rosh Chodesh Iyyar

1886: Sigmund Freud opened his practice at Rathausstrasse 7, Vienna.

1887(1st of Iyar, 5647): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1888(14thof Iyar, 5648): Pesach Sheni observed for the last time during the Presidency of Grover Cleveland.

1889: The coroner began an investigation into the death of a Jewish youngster named Tobias Hipper who had reportedly been killed by some other boys in his neighborhood.

1890: It was reported today that Jews in Oregon are expected to support the Democrats because the Republican candidate had worked to unseat Joseph Simon as Chairman of the State Central Committee.  Simon was the law partner of Solomon Hirsch who was appointed as U.S. Minister to Turkey by President Harrison.

1890: The first meeting of the working girls’ section of the Beth-El Society of Personal Service which would be known as the Pansy Club was held today.

1891: Today, Fannie Ingber, the mother of cartoonist William Erwin “Will” Eisner, was born on a ship born bound for the United States.

1892: It was reported today that D. Appleton & Co will be publishing The Jew at Home by Joseph Pennell based on the author’s first hand observations of life the Jews living in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

1893: It was reported today that gentiles in Dennisville, NJ are organizing “a law and order society for the purpose of making the Jews from Woodbine, the Baron Hirsch colony, show proper respect for Sunday.” The people of Woodbine “trail their carts and wagons through Dennisville” which reportedly upset the villagers who are all “interested in church and temperance work.”

1894(19thof Nisan, 5654): Fifth Day of Pesach

1894: In St. Louis, MO, Julius and Rose (Schuct Baron gave birth St. Louis University and Washington University trained attorney David Baron, the Vice President of the Y.M. and Y.H. and member of the Jewish Orphan Home Men’s Club who was the husband of Mollie Marshak.

1894: “The Samaritan Pentateuch” published today described the text from 1232 which is in the possession of the Lenox Library.  It contains thirty chapters of the Book of Genesis which are not found in the copies of the Samaritan Pentateuch in the possession of the British Library or the Vatican Library. The text is written in Hebrew and contains the Samaritan version of the Five Books of Moses.

1895: “Boston's German-Jewish population establishes the Federation of Jewish Charities of Boston to help the Russian-Jewish immigrants adjust to life in America. Member organizations include the United Hebrew Benevolent Society, the Hebrew Ladies Sewing Society, the Leopold Morse Home for the Aged and Infirm Hebrews and Orphanage, the Free Employment Bureau, and the Charitable Burial Association. Boston's Jewish population is estimated at 20,000, including 14,000 new immigrants.”

1895: Three days after she passed away, 34 year old Constance Marion Salamon, “the second daughter of Nahum Salamon and Amelia Bertram was buried today at the “Balls Pond Road Jewish Cemetery.”

1896:The Reverend William H. Hechler brought a very nervous Theodor Herzl to a private audience with the Grand Duke, Friedrich I of Baden, the uncle of Kaiser Wilhelm II, It was the first time that Herzl was able to share his vision of Political Zionism and his solution to the “Jewish Problem” with German royalty. The Grand Duke was very taken with Hechler’s eschatological predictions and with Herzl’s pragmatic solution to the Jewish problem through restoration of the Jews to Palestine. The Grand Duke became a lifelong advocate of Herzl and the Zionist cause. He used his office and his relationship with his nephew…to support Herzl and Zionism. Hechler was an English clergyman who fought against anti-Semitism and was an early and ardent supporter of Zionism in general and Herzl in particular.

1896: Gustave May, a French born Jew who had taken refuge in the United States after the Franco-Prussian War was buried today.  May considered himself a “freethinker” and did not want a religious funeral.  His friend Columbia Professor Adolph Cohn delivered a eulogy in French.



1896: Yesterday’s planned dedication of a new synagogue in Lancaster, PA did not take place because of an explosion caused by a gas leak.  Isaac Grootfield, the “shamas” was injured when struck by flying timbers.

1897: Rabbi Silverman of Temple Emanu-El will officiate at the funeral of Simon Alexander Wolf the long-time writer for The Hebrew Journal.

1897: Professor Felix Adler delivered an address on “The Debt of the American People to Ulysses S. Grant” at Carnegie Hall today.

1897: It is estimated that the world’s Jewish population totals 7 million souls.

1897: In Boston, the founding of the Utopian Club whose members included Isaac H. Peyser, Lew E. Goldman and Arnold Hartman.

1897: The annual meeting of the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum took placed at the asylum’s building at 136th Street and Amsterdam Avenue.  Emanuel Lehman who had recently donated $100,000 to the asylum was re-elected as President.

1898: The newly elected officers of the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum Society are: Emmanuel Lehman, President; Henry Rice, Vice President; Abraham Wolff, Treasurer and Meyer Stern, Secretary.  Dr. Herman Baar continues to serve as the superintendent.

1898(3rd of Iyar, 5658): Michael Wromser, the son of a poor butcher from Lorraine, passed away in Phoenix, Arizona, where he was the sole possessor of an agricultural empire worth a quarter of a million dollars. 

1899: The annual meeting of the Society for the Aid of Jewish Prisoners was held tonight at Temple Emanu-El

1900: Birthdate of Wolfgang Ernst Pauli.  The Austrian born physicist won the Nobel Prize in 1945.  Pauli shows up on lists of Jewish scientists.  In reality, his father was born Jewish and his maternal grandfather was Jewish.  But like so many German and Jewish intellectuals of the time, conversion had taken him out of the House of Israel and only the blood laws of Hitler could have “brought him back.”

 1900: The 27thConvention of the District Grand Lodge No. 7 of B’nai Birth ended today in New Orleans.

1900: A two day crisis began in the Jewish Colonial Bank. Herzl called a meeting of the directors, and had the bank affairs reviewed by an accountant and a bank expert.

1902: The New York Times reported that Rabbi Morris Schreiber died while being taken to Bellevue Hospital after suffering an apparent heart attack when he was leaving the East Tenth Street Ferry House. Rabbi Schreiber whose congregation was located on Bushwick Avenue was on his way to eat a Passover meal with relatives living in Manhattan.

1902: The first step toward the creation of a permanent endowment fund for the United Hebrew Charities was taken today by William Guggenheim, a member of the Board of Directors, when he sent to the President of the organization. Henry Rice, a check for $50,000 for that purpose and a promise of $50,000 more upon the fulfillment of certain specified conditions.

1903: Herzl returns to Paris as he continues to search for support for a Jewish home with the leaders of European government and business.  His approach would stand in stark contrast with the methods of the leaders of the Second Aliyah.

1903: A report from St. Petersburg, that was published in spite of the censor, said that “the anti-Jewish riots in Kishinev” were the product of “a well-laid out plan for the general massacre on the Jews on the day following the Russian Easter” where “a mob led by the priests” crying “kill the Jews” – something they did so well that 120 were murdered and 500 injured including “babes who were literally torn to pieces by the frenzied, blood-thirsty mob.

1904: A mass meeting at Carnegie Hall the attendees who were “concerned with the plight of working children overwhelmingly supported the formation of the National Child Labor Committee one of the founding members of which was Felix Adler.

1904: Birthdate of Polish born labor Zionist and Yiddish author Shmuel Perlmuter who settled at Bat Yam.

http://yleksikon.blogspot.com/2018/07/shmuel-perlmuter.html

1905: In Providence, Rhode Island, James Edward Ingham and Elizabeth Whelan gave birth to Martha Ingham Dickie who as Martha Sharp acted to save those at risk from Hitler and the Nazis for which she was honored by Israel as one of the righteous among the nations.

http://www.uuworld.org/ideas/articles/4057.shtml

1905: In New York, Alfred Wolf Mack, the Cincinnati born son of Max and Eleanor Mack, and his wife Frieda Theresa Mack gave birth to Frederick M. Mack, the brother of Harry Ranger Mack.

1906(20thof Nisan, 5667): Sixth Day of Pesach.

1906: Birthdate of Joel Brand who gained fame for his role in negotiations with Adolf Eichmann in an attempt to save the Jews of Hungary. 

1907: Birthdate of Helen Misener the Greenwich (UK) daughter of a Polish born Jew whose acting career included appearing in “A Night to Remember” and starring in a 1939 staging of “Night Must Fall” which produced “for the benefit of deportees on the German-Polish border” passed away today.

1907: Birthdate of Estonia native Israel Shapiro who gained fame as Samuel H. Shapiro, the Lt. Gov. of Illinois who became the second Jewish governor of “the Land of Lincoln” when the incumbent resigned to become a federal judge.

http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1968/05/12/page/242/article/mr-sam-of-illinois

1908: Birthdate of Edward R. Murrow.  Most of the world remembers him as Ed Murrow, the voice of CBS News. But before joining CBS, Murrow served as Assistant Secretary of the Emergency Committee in Aid of Displaced Foreign Scholars, which helped prominent German scholars most of whom were Jews deal with the effects of the Nazi rise to power.  When the committee issued its first report in 1934, Murrow compared the conditions with those reminiscent of “the explusion of the Jews from Spain in 1492.”

1908: Joseph Dulberg, a leader of the Manchester Jewish Community, writes to Winston Churchill expressing sympathy for Churchill’s failure to win re-election and reiterating the strong support that Jews showed for him during the election.

1911: Cornerstones were laid for new buildings at Hebrew Union College.

1911:  Birthdate of Jack Ruby, the man who killed presidential assassin Lee Harvey Oswald. Ruby was Jewish.  Oswald was not.

1911: As part of “The Case of Mendel Bellis,” two medical professors from Kiev University issued a second autopsy of the thirteen year old boy who had been killed in March of 1911.  The report “stated the victim had been almost been completely drained of blood…” and intimated that a ritual murder had been committed.  The autopsy was a fraud.  The two medical men had received a 4,000 ruble bribe from the Russian Ministry of Justice.

1913(18thof Nisan, 5673): Fourth Day of Pesach

1913: J. Rosenberg, the President of the Young Men’s Hebrew Association of Jacksonville, FL, wrote to the Editor of the Reform Advocate in Chicago, asking him to inform the Jews of that city his organization which was founded three years ago has purchased a lot and raised $8,000 on which they will build “a substantial and creditable building” to use in their cause of perpetuating “the cause of Judaism.”

1914: In the UK, Isidore Abrahams, who would acquire Aquascutum, “the raincoat manufacturer and retailer” and his wife gave birth to Sir Charles Myer Abrahams who served as Vice President of Nightingale House of the Home for the Jewish Aged and Vice President of the British Paraplegic Sports Federation.

1914: The Second Annual Convention of the Jewish National Workers Alliance of America continued to meet for a fourth day in Philadelphia, PA

1914: Birthdate of screenwriter Arnold Manoff whose career was ruined by the infamous “blacklist.”

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=9401EFD9143CE733A25751C1A9649C946491D6CF

1915: The Second Annual Convention of the Mizrahi of America continued for a fourth day in New York City.

1915: Birthdate of Mortimer Weisinger, the American magazine and comic book editor who edited the Superman series and helped create such action heroes as Aquaman and Green Arrow

1915: The seventh semi-annual Assembly of the Eastern Council of Reform Rabbis opened today in New York City.

1915: The Anglo-French invasion of the Gallipoli peninsula began.  Almost 30,000 men landed on the beach to fight the Turks for this strategic position.  Fighting with the British was a Jewish force known as the Zionist Mule Corp. The Zion Mule Corps was a supply unit that carried material from the beach up to the front lines.  The work was not glorious.  The founders of the corps had hoped to have a Jewish fighting force.  That would come later.  In the meantime, this was the first military unit composed of Jews who fought as Jews since the second century of the common ear.  Unbeknownst to the Jews serving with the Allies, the Turkish army had Jews fighting in Gallipoli at the same time.

1916(22ndof Nisan, 5676): Eighth Day of Pesach

1916: On the day after the end of Pesach for Reform Jews the Sinai Social center offered a much demanded course in “First Aide to the Injured.”

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1917: “A cablegram was received in New York” today “from the Central Committee of the Bund at Petrograd, one of the influential revolutionary bodies composed of Jews, stating unqualified that the bund was opposed to a separate peace with Germany.”

1917: At Minsk, Russia, during the a great-army congress attended by representatives of the Council of Workmen and Soldier Deputies and the Duma Executive Committee, one of the leaders so of the Jewish question, “It is the shame of the twentieth century to have to raise this subject.  I as a Russian am insulted when I hear it said, ‘Shut out the Jews from the universities or they will take all the first places in science.’ The Jews question was one of the chief tools of the autocracy.  Russia must be rid of this nightmare.”

1917:

1918: Lieutenant General Sir John Monash, the son of Jewish immigrants and the ranking member of the Australian Army serving on the Western Front, described today’s recapture of the town of Villers-Bretonneux as the turning point of the Great War.

1918: Three days after she had passed away, 59 year old Constance (Jessel) Stern, the daughter of Sir George Jessel and Amelia Moses and the wife of Sir Edward David Stern was buried today at the “Balls Pond Road Jewish Cemetery.”

1918: “With the première of his opera Die Gezeichneten, in Frankfurt today, Franz Schreker moved to the front ranks of contemporary opera composers.

1919: Formation of Ha-Shomer ha-Za’ir

1919: The funeral of Bertha M. Kahn, the wife of Max R. Kahn and the mother of Ludwig and Mrs. Anna Schiller is scheduled to take place today in Chicago.

1919: Thirty-one year old Cornell University educated biochemist Dr. Aaron Bodansky, the Ukrainian born son of Pinchus and Chava (Geiro) Bodansky” who worked at the Research Laboratories of Upjohn in Kalamazoo while writing “numerous scientific papers on enzymes and hormones” before going on to “enzymes and hormones, today married Marie Syrkin at Ithaca, NY.

1919: The funeral of Maier Neumann, the 74 year old husband of Sera Neuman and the father of Fannie M. Neuman is scheduled to take place today followed by “interment at Mount Maariv.”

1920: At the San Remo Conference, the Supreme Allied Council assigns mandates for Mesopotamia and Palestine to Britain, and Syria and Lebanon to France. The Zionists scored a triumph since, when awarding the mandate to the British it was stated that “the mandatory would be responsible for putting into effect the declaration originally made on the 8th November 1917 by the British government.”  In other words, “the Blafour Declaration was affirmed in an international treaty. 

1920: As the San Remo Conference comes to an end, “Jewish and Arab delegations dined together in the Hotel Royal, toasting each other as the British looked on benevolently at the next table.”  Enmity between Zionists and Arabs was neither inevitable nor “present at the creation.”

1920: “The Paris Peace conference formally confirmed the allocation of the Middle East’s Arab rectangle to Britain and France. The Allies’ final boundaries for their respective mandates in Palestine and Syria did not produce the viable frontiers the Zionists had anticipated for their National Home.” 

1921(17thof Nisan, 5681): Third Day of Pesach

1922(27thof Nisan 5684): Less than a month from his 66th birthday, Austrian born American rabbi Leopold Zinsler who had led the “Bohemian Congregation in Newark” and Share Zedek (the Old Henry Street Congregation) before moving to “Congregation Mr. Sinai Anshe Emeth” passed away today.

1923(9thof Iyar, 5683): Seventy-four year old Elise Lehmann passed away today after which she was interred at the Jewish Cemetery in Morgan City, LA.

1923: In Toronto Jacob Herman and Kate Weinberg gave birth to Mildred Hayden who gained fame as ballerina Melissa Hayden.

1924(21stof Nisan, 5684): Seventh Day of Pesach

1926: The first regular meeting of the recently created Department of Industrial Economics of the National Civic Federation was held at the Park Avenue Hotel.  Speakers for the evening included Louis D. Brandeis of the National Civic Federation and Samuel Gompers, President of the American Federation of Labor.  As the last speaker of the evening, Gompers “reviewed the blessings which had come to the individual through organized labor and expressed the opinion that the beneficiaries would hardly agree to the proposition that association curtailed their liberty.  He said that labor could not depend upon the courts for protection citing the recent decision of the Supreme Court of the United States in holding the ten-hour day for bakers unconstitutional.  ‘I suppose bakers will have to go back to the eleven and twelve hour and even longer day.  If they do I will urge them to strike.’”

1926: A campaign to raise six million dollar led by the Mrs. Jacob H. Schiff, the Honorary Chairman of the Women’s Division of the United Jewish Campaign of New York was scheduled to begin today.

1927: Seventeen year old Eddie Wolfe, the Memphis born welterweight fought his first professional bought today.

1927: Members of Temple Emanu-El are scheduled to meet today discuss the possible merger with Temple Beth-El in New York.

1929(15thof Nisan, 5689): Last Pesach of the Roaring Twenties.

1929: “An appeal to the Jews of New York to celebrate Passover by increasing their cooperation in the rebuilding of Palestine as the Jewish national homeland…issued by Morris Rothenberg” was read today in several synagogues.

1930: The Soviet Union establishes the Gulag administration to coordinate the network of penal labor camps for criminals and political prisoners many of whom were Zionists or Jews who fell afoul of the Stalinist regime such as the members of the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee.

1930:  In New York, Jean (née Gerson), a piano player for dance classes, and David Mazursky, a laborer gave birth to Irwin Mazursky who gained fame as Paul Mazursky, director of “Down and Out in Beverly Hills.”

1932: Rose Franken's "Another Language", premiered in New York City.

1933(29th of Nisan, 5693): Forty-one year old Pauline S. Horkeimer Lazaron, the daughter of Louis and Clementina Rosenberg Horkheimer, the wife of Rabbi Morris Samuel Lazaron and the mother of Morris, Harold and Clementine Lazaron passed away today after which she was buried in the Baltimore Hebrew Cemetery in Baltimore, MD.

1933:  The Law against the Overcrowding of German Schools and Institutions of Higher Learning set a Jewish quota of 1.5 percent of high-school and university enrollment, and stipulated a limit of 5-percent Jewish enrollment in any single school. Because a compulsory education law was in effect, Jewish enrollment in primary schools was not limited for the time being. However, growing numbers of Jews voluntarily moved to purely Jewish settings by 1938, when they were totally barred from general institutions. In autumn 1941, the Jewish schools were closed by administrative order. Ironically, extra-legal discrimination against Jews seeking admission to colleges and universities existed in the United States at this time.  These quotas would hang on until the later 1960’s.

1933: Birthdate of songwriter Jerry Leiber who teamed with Mike Stoeller, “another Jewish white boy” who also loved Jazz and Boogie Woogie to create some of the greatest songs of the early days of Rock and Roll including Hound Dog, Love Potion #9, On Broadway and most of the hits recorded by the Coasters.  If you recognize these classics, you are almost as old as the author and if you are scratching your because you never heard them, then you are young, very young and should be home practicing the Four Questions.

1934: “Princess Charming” a comedy produced by Michael Balcon and filmed by cinematographer Mutz Greenbaum was released today in the United Kingdom.

1934: Sixty-six year old Prussian Army officer and American and German journalist Eduard Golbeck, the husband of Lina Abarbanell, the German soprano who was a descendent of Sephardic Jews from Bulgaria passed away today.

1935: Birthdate of Edna Shavit the, “Emeritus Professor in the Drama department in the University of Tel Aviv, and Ha'Levi theatre prize winner for the year 2006.”

1936: As Arab violence in Palestine continued a British policeman was injured when Arab demonstrators stoned government officers at Tulkarem.

1936: The policed arrested three Arabs after “a fire in the Jewish quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem tonight destroyed one of the largest wholesale groceries in the city” causing damaged “estimated at $50,000.”

1936: The Supreme Arab Executive Committee led by the President, Mufti Haj Amin el Husseini “decided that all Arabs in Palestine would continue their strikes until Jewish immigration had been prohibited and the sale of land to Jews had been stopped.”

1936: Joseph C. Hyman, the secretary of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee said today that “the salvage of the Jewish community in Germany depends increasingly on American aid” which will come to a total of two million dollars if the committee is able to reach its goal of raising $3,500,000.

1936: In New Haven, CT, Felix M. Warburg told a meeting of the New England Conference of Jewish Communal Agencies meeting at Temple Mishkan Israel, that I “improved business conditions in the United States” should help Jews to give generously to the relief program designed to aid the suffering Jews in Germany, Russia and Poland.

1936: Following a mass meeting this morning at Columbus Circle in New York, “a resolution protesting treatment of Jewish people and ‘bloody pogroms’ in Poland was presented’ this afternoon “ to an attaché of the Polish Consulate by the a delegation representing the Peoples Committee Against Polish Pogroms.”

1936: “The Spokesman, a Louisville, KY, Jewish newspaper today quoted Alfred P. Sloan Jr., president of General Motors as saying ‘under no circumstances will I further, knowingly, support The Sentinels of the Republic’” an organization recently identified by a Senate investigating committee as being anti-Semitic.

1937: Benjamin Winter announced today that “Jeremiah T. Mahoney, New York Supreme Court Justice, president of the Amateur Athletic Union of the United States and leader of the forces which opposed American participation in the 1936 Olympic Games in Germany has accepted the chairmanship of the current one million campaign of the American Committee Appeal for the Jews in Poland” of which Professor Albert Einstein is the honorary chairman.  (Editor’s note – for the revisionist in Poland, this entry serves as a graphic reminder of the anti-Semitism that had swept Poland during the 1930’s.)

1938: Associate Justice Louis Brandeis writes the majority opinion in the landmark case Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins.  Associate Justice Benjamin Cardozo joins the majority in the 7 to 2 decision.

1938: “An exhibition and sale of paintings by contemporary American artists…for the benefit of the Joint Distribution Committee to aid needy Jews overseas” is scheduled to open today at the Studio Gallery at 730 Fifth Avenue.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that Arab terrorist gangs murdered two Arabs who refused to hand over money and valuables in a village near Tulkarm.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that there were isolated shooting incidents in Jerusalem and Haifa.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that Arturo Toscanini, the famous conductor who had just given a series of concerts all over the country, and Bronislav Huberman, the great violinist and the founder of the Palestine Symphonic Orchestra, were granted the freedom of Tel Aviv.

1939: Birthdate of Dr Yaacov Maor, the native of Lithuania and son Ella and Yehezckiel who at the age of the 29 passed away when the Dakar was lost on January 25, 1968.

1939: In Harbin, China, Boris Skidelsky, a Russian Jewish British subject and his Christian wife gave birth to award winning economic historian and lecturer, Robert Jacob Skidelsky, the future Baron Skidelksy and author of the definitive work on British economist John Maynard Kenyes.

1939: In Chicago Shirley Mazur Garrison and Henry Garrison gave birth to cartoonist Niocle Hollander.

http://jwa.org/people/hollander-nicole

1940(17thof Nisan, 5700): Third Day of Pesach

1940: It was reported today that in his Passover address “Governor Herbert H. Lehman…expressed the conviction that the ideals of democracy and of religious freedom would triumph over the Forces of dictatorship.”

1940: “Budapest Hampers Jews” published today described the announcement by the municipality of Budyapest “that henceforth Jews would be able to obtain the licenses granted by city authorities” which includes the permits for opening shops and markets as well as working as taxi drivers and filling-station operators.

1941: “Ziegfeld Girl,” a musical produced by Pandro S. Berman and filmed by cinematographer Joseph Ruttenberg was released today in the United States.

1941: “During a White House press conference” President Roosevelt criticized Charles Lindbergh, the popular American hero and a leader of the Isolationists for his opposition to the Lend-Lease Bill calling him “a defeatist and appeaser.”

1941: “The Invisible Ghost,” a horror film directed by Joseph H. Lewis and produced by Sam Katzman was released today in the United States.

1942:Today “Berlin radio announced that French general Henri Giraud” who was supposedly pro-Ally” but who, unbeknownst to most, sought to limit the civil rights of Jews in Algeria and post-war France, had escaped from Königstein Fortress

https://www.jta.org/1943/04/27/archive/gen-giraud-issues-order-aimed-at-post-war-status-of-jews-in-france



1943: As the Warsaw Uprising raged on, Germans continued their invasion of the ghetto by lighting fires to buildings. Escaping women and children were shot to death and burned.  Thus, the ancient Polish Jewish Community began its final descent from greatness into oblivion.

As fires set by Germans consume the Warsaw Ghetto, a German Jew named Hoch desperately leaps from a fourth-floor window, breaking both arms and his spine.

1943: Birthdate of New York City native and Hunter and Columbia educated billionaire and CEO of Omega Advisors Leon “Lee” Cooperman the father of Wayne and Michael Cooperman and the husband of Toby Cooperman with whom he signed the “Giving Pledge” in 2010 which is just of the many philanthropic activities in which he and the Leon and Toby Cooperman Family Foundation participate.

https://www.forbes.com/profile/leon-g-cooperman/#2b79998318f7

1943:  Composer Ezra Laderman was inducted into the U.S. Army where he served as a radio operator with the 69th Infantry Division during World War II. In describing his wartime experiences Laderman wrote "we were in Caversham, England poised to enter the war. It was here that I learned that my brother Jack had been shot down and killed in Germany. The Battle of the Bulge, crossing the Rhine at Remagen, liberating Leipzig, meeting the Russians at Torgau on the bank of the Elbe were the points in this constellation that was filled with tension and waiting, victory and grief. We became aware of the horror, and what we now call the 'holocaust,' while freeing Leipzig." During the weeks after the war was over, Laderman composed his Leipzig Symphony. This work brought him recognition within the army, and subsequently he was assigned as orchestrator of the GI Symphony Orchestra.

1944: At tonight’s “dinner of the food division of the United Jewish Appeal of Greater of New York, Dr. Israel Goldstein, the president of the ZOA who had just returned from England, said that “Great Britain will meet its obligations to the Jewish people” and “that British statesmen under the guidance of Prime Minister Churchill will be mindful of its internationally covenanted obligations to the Jewish people embodied in the Balfour Decelaration.”

1944: “Religious pioneers from Germany members of the Ezra youth movement and Agudat Israel founded a new kibbutz which was called Chafet Chaim.

1944: Birthdate of Nili Priel, the wife of Ehud Barak.

https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3430534,00.html

1944:  Joel Brand, a member of the Relief and Rescue Committee of Budapest, was summoned to a meeting with Adolf Eichmann, who presented him with an offer that would be known as "Blood for Trucks." Eichmann told Brand that the highest SS authorities had approved the terms, in which Eichmann would barter "a million Jews" for goods obtained outside of Hungary, including 10,000 trucks for civilian use, or, as an alternative, for use on the eastern front. The 1 million Jews would have to leave the country-since Eichmann had promised that Hungary would be Judenrein-and might head for any destination other than Palestine, since he had promised the Mufti of Jerusalem that no Jews would be allowed to emigrate there. To negotiate the effectuation of the deal, Eichmann let Brand leave Hungary. Although Brand was unaware of it at the time, the offer was evidently connected with an attempt by Himmler to drive a wedge between the Western Allies and the Soviet Union, and to conclude a separate peace with the former. Brand did go to Ankara, Jerusalem, and Cairo, and he negotiated with American officials and leaders of the Jewish Agency for Palestine. However, he was arrested and imprisoned in Cairo, and the rescue scheme was never implemented.

1945: Ten months after the Americans landed at Normandy they successfully completed their drive across Europe when they linked up today with Soviet troops on the Elbe River.

1945: In Italy, a partisan uprising began that ended with the execution of Fascist Party dictator Benito Mussolini. Members of the Jewish Infantry Brigade Group, an all Jewish fighting force in the British Army, was part of the Allied forced that helped liberate Italy.

1945: Forty-three year old Karl Ludwig von Guttenberg who had been arrested after the failure of the plot to assassinate Hitler in July, 1944 and who refused to name names despite being tortured by was murdered in the early hours of this morning by order of “Gestapo chief Heinrich Muller.”

1946: The French ship Champollion brought 880 Jewish refuges with Palestine immigration certificates to Haifa today from Marseille.  Of the group, 500 were children, mostly orphans.”  Many of the immigrants were concentration camp survivors.

1946: A force of Jewish fighters attacked a police station in northern Tel Aviv killing seven British soldiers and policemen while wounding two other Britons and nine Jewish civilians.  The Jewish fighters got away without suffering any casualties and have apparently escaped the security cordon created by the British.

1946: Several thousand Jewish youth marched through the streets of Tel Aviv mourning the death of Braha Fuld who was killed during the attack on the Sarona police mobile force headquarters.  She was referred to as ‘a fighter for immigration’

1947: “Haven For Homeless Is Offered By Dutch” published today described an offer from the Government of Surinam, Dutch Guiana, “to open territory there for the colonization of 30,000 homeless European Jews.”

1947: It was announced today that “the American Council for Judaism will ask the United States to oppose any move by the Jewish Agency for Palestine to become a non-voting representative at the United Nations General Assembly session on Palestine.”

1948(16th of Pesach, 5708): Second Day of Pesach

1948:  A reporter for The Times of London (the voice of the British establishment) described the efforts of the Jewish leaders in Haifa to convince the Arab residents to remain.  “The Jews wish the Arabs to settle down again to normal routine, but evacuation continues.”  While the Haganah was distributing leaflets urging the Arabs to stay, the Arab High Command based in Damascus was urging them to leave supposedly to avoid Arab casualties when Arab planes would bomb Haifa.  The planes never came, but the Arabs took flight and the “refugee problem” was born.

1948:A comedic bit featuring funny man Don Wilson and opera singer Dorothy Kirsten generates what would become the longest laughter pause in the history of the Jack Benny Program.

1949(26thof Nisan, 5709): Fifty-three year old Lodz native and Polish Army veteran, Jankel Adler, the painter and printmaker who lost all nine siblings in the Holocaust passed away today.

https://www.imj.org.il/en/search/site/Adler%20and%20+Jankel

https://www.pissarro.art/artistdetails/231833/jankel-adler

1949: Birthdate of Dominique Gaston André Strauss-Kahn, a French economist, lawyer, politician, and member of the French Socialist Party who became the Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF).,

1949(26thof Nisan, 5709): Eighty-seven year old Bernard Horwich, the Lithuanian born son of “Keize and Yakov Yankel Horwich, “the husband of Mamie Horwich with whom he had five children and the successful banker and businessman who was “the first President of the Federated Jewish Charities of Chicago” and an early, ardent who “worked closely with Chaim Weizmann, Nahum Sokolow and Shmarya Levin” passed away today in Chicago.

1950: Following the collapse of a building in Jaffa that killed nineteen and injured thirty mostly recent Jewish immigrants, Mayor Israel Rokah “called for the immediate evacuation of 1,700 people from unsafe houses in Jaffa”

1950: Mohammed Pasha Shureiki “formally notified the United Nations today that Jordan had annexed eastern Palestine and the old walled city of Jerusalem.”  This action is in complete violation of the United Nations partition resolution which called for Jerusalem and Bethlehem to be administered by the UN Trusteeship Council.  There was no motion of condemnation of the Jordanian action which was really the “ratification of facts on the ground” created by the invasion of Jerusalem in the winter of 1947/1948. 

1950: Prime Minister David Ben Gurion addressed the Zionist General Council on the sixth day of its meeting in Jerusalem.  Ben Gurion told the leaders from around the world that “their financial and other aid to Israel did not entitle them to a voice in the affairs of Israel.”  While acknowledging the importance of aid and support from the Jewish communities in the Diaspora, Ben Gurion took the classical Zionist line that “only Zionists who came to Israel and assumed the responsibilities of citizenship were entitled to a voice in determining policy.

1951(19thof Nisan, 5711): Fifth day of Pesach

1951(19thof Nisan, 5711): Sixty-seven year old Soviet composer Alexander Krein part of a long line of Russian/Lithuanian musicians passed away today in Moscow.

1951:During the Korean War, while serving with “UN Partisan forces behind enemy lines,” David Sharp, a major in the British Army was captured today at the Imjin River after being wounded three times by enemy fire.

1954: It was reported today that Frederick Marcus Warburg, a graduate of Harvard “and a partner of the firm of Kuhn, Loeb and Co. since 1931 has been elected to” served a year term as a member of the Board of Trustees of Smith College.

1954(22ndof Nisan, 5714): 8th Day of Pesach

1957: Birthdate of Bernard Rajzman, the native or Rio de Janeiro who became one of Brazil’s leading volleyball players



1957: In the U.K., premiere “Funny Face” directed Stanley Donen that included music by George and Ira Gershwin.

1958(5th of Iyar, 5718): Sixty year old  Adele Meltsner, the daughter of Sarah Bach and Joseph Meltsner and the wife of Charles Pores passed away today.

1960(28th of Nisan, 5720): Yom HaShoah observed for the last time during the Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower.

1964:  Birthdate of actor Hank Azaria, voice of Moe and Comic Book Guy on “The Simpsons.”

1965: “Half A Sixpence” a musical directed by Gene Sakes opened at the Broadhurst Theatre in New York.

1966(5thof Iyar, 5726): Yom HaAtma’ut

1966(5thof Iyar, 5725): Seventy-five year Yiddish author and Jewish labor leader Jacob Pat passed away today.

http://www.museumoffamilyhistory.com/yt/lex/P/pat-jacob.htm

https://www.jta.org/1966/04/27/archive/jacob-pat-author-and-leader-of-jewish-labor-committee-dead-was-75

1967(15thof Nisan 5727): Pesach

1967(15thof Nisan, 5727): Sixty-two year old Ben Weissman, the St. Louis born son of Charles and Rose Weissman, the husband of Esther Polinksy Weissman and the father of Sandra and Harry Weissman passed away today after which he was buried at the Beth Hamedrosh Hagodol Cemetery in suburban Ladue, MO.

https://stljewishlight.newspapers.com/clip/22518464/weisman_ben_obit/

1967:  Jules Feiffer's "Little Murders", premiered in New York City.

1969: Birthdate of Israeli yachtsman Nir Shental. Shenatal and his brother Ran won a bronze medal in the 1995 the World 470 Sailing Class Championships.  Nir and Ran also represented Israel in the 1996 Olympics.

1972(11th of Iyar, 5732): Seventy-five year old Israel Mandelkern a member of the Yiddish Theatrical Alliance passed away today after which he was interred at Mount Hebron Cemetery in Queens County, NY.

1974(3rd of Iyar, 5734): Yom HaAtama’ut

1974: Senator Ted Kennedy met with “leading Jewish activists in the apartment of Professor Alexander Lerner.”

1974: “Jews all over the Soviet Union commemorated Israel’s 26th Independence Day and sent messages to President Katzir and the Israeli people.”

1975(14th of Iyar, 5735): Pesach Sheni

1975(14th of Iyar, 5735): Twenty-eight year old Israeli singer Mike Brant, the son of two Holocaust survivors passed away today.

http://www.mikebrant.co.il/en/biography/

1975: ABC broadcast the final episode of “Hot I Baltimore” a sitcom featuring Charlotte Ray and Richard Masur with music by Marvin Hamlisch.

1976(25th of Nisan, 5736):Markus Reiner“an Israeli scientist and a major figure in rheology” passed away. Reiner was born in 1886 in Czernowitz, Bukovina, then part of Austria-Hungary, and obtained a degree in Civil Engineering at the Technische Hochschule in Vienna (Vienna University of Technology). After the First World War, he emigrated to Palestine, where he worked as a civil engineer under the British mandate. After the founding of the state of Israel, he became a professor at the Technion (Israel Institute of Technology) in Haifa. In his honour the Technion later instituted the Markus Reiner Chair in Mechanics and Rheology. Reiner was not only a major figure in rheology, (the study of the flow of matter: primarily in the liquid state, but also as 'soft solids' or solids under conditions in which they respond with plastic flow rather than deforming elastically in response to an applied force) he along with Eugene C. Bingham coined the term] and founded a society for its study. As well as the term rheology, and his publications, he is known for the Buckingham-Reiner Equation, the Reiner-Riwlin Equation, (now usually spelled Reiner-Rivlin), the Deborah number and the Teapot effect - an explanation of why tea runs down the outside of the spout of a teapot instead of into the cup

1978:The Jerusalem Post reported that Myron Marcus, an Israeli prisoner in Mozambique, was released in a three-way prisoners exchange swap.

1978:The Jerusalem Post reported that in Washington the White House officials declared that the U.S. President Jimmy Carter, will not consider any compromise with Congress on the all-or-nothing aircraft package sale to Saudi Arabia, Egypt and Israel that would change the number of planes involved. A group of outspoken critics of the Carter Administration published a full-page advertisement in the "New York Times" warning that any weakening of Israel was in effect, a weakening of U.S. in the Middle East. 1979: Woody Allen’s “Manhattan” with music by George Gershwin that included Helen Haft in “a cameo role” was released today in the United States

1979:  Peace treaty between Israel and Egypt went into effect.

1979: In an article entitled “Camp David: Farseeing Diplomacy or Neocolonialism?”Daniel Pipes expresses his concerns about the newly signed peace agreement.

1980(9thof Iyar, 5740): Ninety-six year old Katia Mann, the wife of Thomas Mann, the famous author who left Germany because his wife had been born Jewish.

1980(9thof Iyar, 5740): Ninety-four year old Austrian born American conductor Richard Lerft, the brother of  director Ernst Lert passed away today in California.

1982:  The Sinai Peninsula was returned by Israel to Egypt, as part of the 1979 Camp David Accord.

1984: “The weekly HaOlam HaZeh (This World), which had appeared with blank spaces the week before, published on its front page a blurred picture of a man being led away.”

1984: “Dangerous Moves” the winner of the Academy Award for Best Foreign Film produced by Arthur Cohn was released in Switzerland and France today.

1985: Felipe Gonzalez sent a personal letter to the secretary general of the Arab League informing him of Spain’s plans recognize Israel.

1986: Funeral services are scheduled to be held today for composer Harold Arlen at the Frank E. Campbell Funeral Home in Manhattan

1988:  The popular ABC news program "Nightline" went on location to Jerusalem Israel.

1988: In Israel, John Demjanuk is sentenced to death for war crimes committed in World War II.

1991: U.S. premiere of “The Punisher” an action film directed by Mark Goldblatt with a script Boaz Yakin

1992(22ndof Nisan, 5752):  Eighth Day of Pesach and Shabbat; Yizkor

1993(4th of Iyar, 5753): Yom HaZikaron

1993(4thof Iyar, 5753): Sixty-two year old Canadian Doris Giller who went from being “a secretary with a supermarket chain” to a career in journalism passed away today.

https://web.archive.org/web/20091009104037/http:/www.scotiabankgillerprize.ca:80/about.html

https://torontolife.com/from-the-archives/for-doris-jack-rabinovitch/

1996(6thof Iyar, 5767): Seventy-five year old movie designer and corporate logo creator Saul Bass passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/1996/04/27/movies/saul-bass-75-designer-dies-made-art-out-of-movie-titles.html

1996: In “Germans, Jews and Blame: New Book, New Pain” published today Alan Cowell described the German reaction to the recently published"Hitler's Willing Executioners: Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust" by Daniel Jonah Goldhagen.  “The book's message is that the Holocaust was a result of a deep strain of specifically German anti-Semitism, growing from the 19th century onward that sought the elimination of Europe's Jews and drew enthusiastic, willing support from possibly hundreds of thousands of ordinary Germans who physically took part in Hitler's deadly campaign against the Jews. The Holocaust, the book says, was a ‘national project.’ The German response, in a flurry of published articles, has been to condemn the book as lacking in scholarship, one-sided, derivative, downright wrong and willfully provocative.”

1997: Launch of the INS Leviathan, a Dolphin class submarine.

1997(18thof Nisan, 5757): Fourth Day of Pesach

1997(18thof Nisan, 5757):Hagit Zavitzky, 23, of Kfar Adumim and Liat Kastiel, 23, of Holon were found stabbed to death in Wadi Kelt.

1997: “Romy and Michele's High School Reunion” a comedy starring Lisa Kudrow was released in the United States today.

1997: “In concert with the publication of Lauren Greenfields’s debut monograph, Fast Forward: Growing Up in the Shadow of Hollywood (Knopf 1997) her first major show, "Fast Forward" had its US debut at the International Center for Photography (ICP) today.

1999: PGA golfer Bruce Fleisher won the Home Depot Invitational

1999: The New York Times features reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or special interest to Jewish readers including The Lexus and The Oliver Tree by Thomas L. Friedman

2000(20th of Nisan, 5760): Producer David Merrick passed away. Born in 1912 in St. Louis, Merrick's name was originally Margoulis.  He lived in what he described as a mid-western Jewish ghetto.  He had an extremely unhappy childhood.  He found solace and success working in stage production at The Young Means Hebrew Association where his uncle was the director.  Merrick married well, moved to New York where he disassociated himself from his Jewish origins and carved a successful career on Broadway.  Some of his more notable hits were Beckett and Hello Dolly.

2000: In initial DVD release of “Little Women” starring Winona Ryder who won the Best Actress Oscar for her portrayal of “Jo March.”

20012(2ndof Iyar, 5761): Yom HaZikaron

2001: In “Making a Case for Healing, Even of Holocaust Wounds” published today, Bruce Weber provided a review of ''The Gathering'' by Arje Shaw.

https://www.nytimes.com/2001/04/25/theater/theater-review-making-a-case-for-healing-even-of-holocaust-wounds.html?searchResultPosition=6

2002: “Negotiations over a possible guilty plea by Lemrick Nelson Jr.” who was a participant in the killing of Yankel Rosenbaum in the Crown Heights riot have broken down, a lawyer for Mr. Nelson said” today .

2003: “It Runs In the Family” starring three generations of the Douglas family – Kirk, Michael and Cameron – was released in the United States today.



2003: On the day after Pesach had come to an end it is reported that In a unique partnership between Chabad and the New York-based Manischewitz company, ten tons of Matzah reached Lithuania’s 6,000 Jews in time for Passover. Donated by The donation by Manischewitz was particularly meaningful in a country long part of the Soviet Union, where Matzot were baked clandestinely.



“The largest amount of Matzah received since the independence of Lithuania, this donation literally assured Jews countrywide the ability to have a kosher Pesach,” says Rabbi Sholom Ber Krinsky, Chabad representative to Lithuania.The donation came through a business associate of Manischewitz and an acquaintance of Rabbi Krinsky’s, Mr. Armand Lindenbaum, whose grandfather Rabbi Moshe Avigdor Amiel lived near Vilna in the early 20th century. When Krinsky approached him several months back about the possibility of making a donation to the Jewish community of Lithuania, Lindenbaum, who visited Vilna and was surprised to find a thriving Jewish community there, facilitated the initial contact between Chabad and The B. Manischewitz Company. From its perspective, Manischewitz, the leading manufacturer of kosher processed food products in the U.S., and the top provider of Matzah worldwide, feels the need and is honored to “give back to the Jewish community,” says executive vice president Steven M. Grossman.One thousand people participating at Chabad’s thirteen public Seders in Lithuania, partook of the Matzah, which was distributed in Lithuania’s major cities and remote towns. Even the five lone Jews living in Svencionys—a city whose pre-Holocaust Jewish population numbered 4,000—were not forgotten. “I want to thank you from the bottom of my heart for your help in enabling us to conduct the Seders in Svencionys according to Jewish tradition and with kosher Matzah,” said one. According to Grossman, this was Manischewitz's first joint venture with Chabad, and Grossman sees the company’s relationship with Chabad as an “opportunity to make other contributions in the future.” The concerns of the general Jewish community, he says, are concerns of Manischewitz as well, and the company is pleased to contribute wherever it can.



2004: The New York Times reviewed books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Alexander Hamiltonby Ron Chernow and A Chance Meeting: Intertwined Lives of American Writers and Artists, 1854-1967by Rachel Cohen

2004:The Hadassah-Brandeis Institute and the Cohen Center for Modern Jewish Studies at Brandeis University sponsor a program entitled “Double or Nothing: Jewish Families and Mixed Marriage in the United States.

2004: Starting today “the Lancaster City Museum and Art Gallery hosted the first show of the successful touring exhibition: Hannah Frank: A Glasgow Artist.’

2005:For the first time since the Expulsion in 1492, a public, rabbi led Passover Seder was celebrated in Piano Battaglia, Palermo by Rabbi Barbara Aiello.

2005(16thof Nisan, 5765): Second Day of Pesach; 1st day of the Omer



2005(16thof Nisan, 5756): Rabbi Shlomo Wolbe passed away in Jerusalem.  Born in Berlin in 1914, he made Aliyah in 1946 and is remembered as the author of  Alie Shur

2006: In “Grits and Gefilte: How did a southern Methodist college become a destination for America's Jews?” author Steve Stein explains the phenomenal growth in the number of Jews attending Atlanta’s Emory University.  Jewish students now compromise almost one third of the student body at a school once known primarily for its connection with Coca Cola.

2006(27th of Nisan, 5766): Observance of Yom Hashoah – Holocaust Remembrance Day.

2007:“Makor Rishon started publishing daily. At the same time, HaTzofe (also owned by Hirsch Media) stopped publishing its daily edition, becoming instead a weekly religious insert in Makor Rishon” Shlomo Ben-Tzvi's Hirsch Media had purchased the newspaper in 2003. His wife is the editor of Segula, a magazine about Jewish history and culture that began publishing in 2012.

2007: At the Leo Baeck InstituteBarbara Hahn, Distinguished Professor of German at Vanderbilt University, previously Professor of German at Princeton University, delivers a lecture entitled, “Kafka´s Wife - the Children of Bruno Schulz - On broken Traditions.”

2007:Yiddish Theater: A Love Story" is scheduled to be shown at American Jewish University (formerly the University of Judaism), as part of the Los Angeles Jewish Film Festival

2008(20thof Nisan, 5768): Sixth Day of Pesach

2008(20thof Nisan, 5678): Ninety-nine year “painter and sculptor” succumbed to injuries “sustained in taxi accident” and passed away today.http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/26/arts/26donati.html2008: The Jerusalem Cinematheque features a screening of “The Decalogue” \ עשרת הדיברות

2008: “Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay” a comedy directed by Jon Hurwitz who also co-authored the script was released today in the United States.

2008: In what would be the start of a minor tempest, Entertainment Tonight reported that Annie Leibovitz had taken topless pictures of a 15 year old actress for a layout in Vanity Fair.

2009(1st of Iyar, 5769Rosh Chodesh Iyar

2009(1st of Iyar, 5769): Beloved television and theater star Bea Arthur passed away today at her home in Los Angeles after a battle with cancer. The 86-year-old was born Beatrice Frankel to a Jewish family in New York City and became a household name on such TV shows as "Golden Girls" and "Maude". Arthur began her career in the theater, where she won a Tony Award for the musical "Mame" and played "Yente the Matchmaker" in the Broadway premiere of Fiddler on the Roof. Arthur was perhaps most well known for her role as Dorothy Zbornak on the hit series Golden Girls. The show, which centered on the lives of four retired women living together in a house in Miami, Florida, was a hit for six seasons and won 10 Emmys, including one for Arthur in 1988. After Golden Girls ended its run, Arthur appeared in guest spots on TV, including a part as Larry David's mother on Curb Your Enthusiasm. Arthur was inducted into the Academy of Television Arts and Sciences Hall of Fame in 2008.

2009:The David Bromberg Quartet at MerleFest

2010: Agudas Achim in Iowa City is scheduled to host its annual “Mitzvah Day.”

2010: The Jewish Historical Society of Greater Washington is scheduled to offer “A Walking Tour of Downtown Jewish Washington” that will enable participants to visit the sites of four former synagogues while learning what it was like to live and worship as a Jew from 1850-1950 in the historic Seventh Street neighborhood, now known as Chinatown.

2010: A revival production of “Promises, Promises” with music by Burt Bacharach, lyrics by Hal David, and book by Neil Simon opened at The Broadway Theatre.

2010:Wrestler Bill Goldberg and Olympic swimmer Jason Lezak were among seven inductees into the National Jewish Sports Hall of Fame. The five others inducted at the Hall of Fame in Commack, N.Y., were Virginia Tech men’s basketball coach Seth Greenberg; female judo champion Rusty Kanokogi; Penn State women’s volleyball coach Russ Rose; Achilles Track Club founder Dick Traum; and former NFL offensive lineman Alan Veingrad. Goldberg, an all-American defensive end at the University of Georgia, was taken in the 11th round of the 1990 NFL draft by the Los Angeles Rams, but he turned to wrestling and martial arts three years after an injury ended his football career in 1994. During his seven-year career on the World Champion Wrestling circuit, World Wrestling Entertainment twice recognized Goldberg as the world heavyweight champion.In an often humorous and casually self-effacing speech at the Hall of Fame ceremony, Goldberg sought to tie his unconventional career choice in professional wrestling to Judaism."I wanted to try my best to give the Jewish youth something to look up to, someone who's persevered and somehow made a difference," Goldberg said. "What better way to help Jewish youth in dealing with adversity than to parade around the ring on national television in my underwear, demolishing every single person in my path?"Goldberg did not address recent rumors of a return to professional wrestling, instead saying that he wanted to focus on remaining on this season of NBC's reality television show "Celebrity Apprentice."  Lezak, a professional swimmer, came to national prominence as the unassuming hero of the U.S. 4-by-100-meter freestyle relay team that won the gold medal in the 2008 Beijing Olympics and set a world record. His dramatic final lap of the race made international headlines and helped teammate Michael Phelps notch a crucial victory on his way to a record eight gold medals at the Games. Lezak has won numerous Olympic medals, including an individual bronze at the '08 Games, and earned four gold medals at the Maccabiah Games in Israel last summer

2011: “Twilight Becomes Night” is one of two documentary shorts scheduled to shown at Film Form in New York. The documentary examines the widespread closing of independently-owned businesses in New York City, and the significant impact this transformation has on the people who live here. Russ & Daughters, a multi-generational Jewish owned family business known for its quality and genial atmosphere, “is presented in the film along with interview clips with Niki Russ Federman and Russ & Daughters' longtime manager, Herman Vargas.”

2011:Yael Hedaya, “an Israeli novelist, one of the head writers for In Treatment, the acclaimed Israeli TV series adapted for HBO” is one of the writers scheduled to appear at “PEN Speakeasy: Sex; Erotic Readings” on the opening day of the PEN World Voices Festival.

2011(21 Nisan, 5771): Seventh Day of Pesach – holiday ends for Israelis and Reform Jews.

2011:Politicians from left, right and center put aside their political differences this evening to join in the traditional Moroccan celebration of Mimouna marking the end of Pessah and the beginning of spring. 2011: In New York, Russ & Daughters is co-sponsoring a screening of The Vanishing City & Twilight Becomes Night, two documentaries that trace the changing face of the city and the reasons behind the morphing of Manhattan.

2012: “Common Sense Media honored John David Leibowitz, the Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission as a Champion for Kids

2012: Israeli newspapers reported today that Lt. Gen. Benny Gantz has said economic and diplomatic pressures against Iran were beginning to succeed

2012:  Filmmakers Alan Snitow and Deborah Kaufman are scheduled to participate in a Q&A following a screening of “Between Two Worlds” at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2012:The Embassy of Israel, the Washington Jewish Film Festival and The Avalon Theatre are scheduled to sponsor a screening of the Israeli film "Ha'lahaka"

2012:  Ninety-six year old Inge Elsas who gave an untold number of youngsters their first taste of Jewish education as the Kindergarten Teacher at Temple Sinai, passed away today.

2012(3rd of Iyar, 5772): Yom Hazikaron –Israel Remembrance Day

2013(15th of Iyar, 5773): Ninety-six year old “inventor and philanthropist” Stanley Dashew passed a way todayhttp://newsroom.ucla.edu/releases/obituary-stanley-dashew-96-philanthropist-245607

 2013: In Columbus, Ohio, Congregation Tifereth Israel is scheduled to host a concert where the winners of the 2012 Justine Hackman Memorial Young Artist Competition will perform

2013: The Jewish Historical Society of Greater Washington is scheduled to a lunchtime event commemorating the 70thanniversary of the performance of “We Will Never Die” at Constitution Hall.

2013: In London, the Wiener Library is scheduled to present “The Human and the Inhuman: Writing in the Wake of the Holocaust”

2013:Police today finished a probe of Rabbi Avraham Chaim Sherman, a judge on the Great Rabbinical Court of Jerusalem. Officers from the National Fraud Investigative Unit suspect Sherman of breach of trust, obstruction of justice and abuse of power in his ruling in a divorce proceeding. Today Police handed over the case to state prosecutors who will decide whether to pursue an indictment.

2013: A court handed the Women of the Wall a significant legal victory in a decision released today, ruling that the state cannot arrest the women for their activities at the holy site.

2014: In New York, the Centro Primo Levi is scheduled to host a presentation by David Meghnagi and Barbara Spadaro on “The Jews of Libya Between the 19th Century and the Colonial Era.” 

2014: Funeral services for Canadian political leader Herb Gray ware scheduled to held at Congregation Machzikel Hadas in Ottawa followed by interment at the Jewish Memorial Gardens.

2015(6thof Iyar, 5775): Parashat Tazria-Metzora



2015(6thof Iyar, 5775): Ninety-three year old German born screenwriter and novelist Don Mankiewicz passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/29/movies/don-mankiewicz-film-writer-dies-at-93.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

2015: Today Israeli filmmaker Nadav Lapid received his award for best director at the Buenos Aires Film Festival for the “Kindergarten Teacher.” (JTA)

2015: “Assaf Evron’s one person show “The sea was smooth, perfectly mirroring the sky” is scheduled to close at the Andrea Meislin Gallery.

2015: “Theodore Bikel: In the Shoes of Sholom Aleichem” is scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2015: “The Arrest” directed by Yair Agmon is scheduled to be shown at the Tribeca Film Festival.

2015: An Evening of Songs and Stories In Tribute to Israel’s Greatest Music Legend Arik Einstein

 In Celebration of Israel Independence Day is scheduled to take place this evening at The Axelrod Performing Arts Center.

2016(17thof Nisan, 5776): Third Day of Pesach

2016: The Halelu Choir is scheduled to present a Pesach Concert at the Waldorf Astoria in Jerusalem.

2017(29thof Nisan, 5777): One-hundred-eight year old Holocaust survivor Shobha Magdolna Friedman Nehru passed away today at her home India.

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/28/world/asia/shobha-nehru-death.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

2017: In Cedar Rapids, IA, Holocaust survivor Jacob Eisenbach is scheduled to speak at Kirkwood Community College, a Holocaust Memorial Event co-sponsored by David and Joan Thaler Holocaust Memorial Fund

2017: The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to host a “3 course meals and a group discussion focusing on ‘The countdown: Sefirat Ha’omer in halacha, thought, history and memory.’”

2017: In Mt. Vernon, IA, Holocaust survivor Jacob Eisenbach is scheduled to speak at Cornell College, a Holocaust Memorial Event co-sponsored by David and Joan Thaler Holocaust Memorial Fund

2017: Matti Friedman and Hair Watzman are scheduled to discuss their new books – Pumpkinflowers; A Soldier’s Story and Necessary Stories– at the Crusaders Hall at the Tower of David at event sponsored by the Times of Israel.

2018: Dr. Frederick Roden is scheduled to begin lecturing on “Reform Spirituality” this evening at The Temple Emanu-El Streicker Center this evening.

2018: In Memphis, TN, Temple Israel congregants are scheduled to participate in a community-wide social action panel discussing “Food Insecurity.”

2018: A photo exhibition showing “Elderly Jews and Holocaust Survivors” opened at the Streicker Center.

2018: The American Jewish Historical Society is scheduled to host the book talk and the launch of Broadway: A History of New York City in Thirteen Miles, where the author Fran Leadon will talk about the extraordinary ways in which American Jews contributed to making Broadway the iconic street that it is today.

2018: People took part in the ‘Berlin Wears Kippa’ event, with more than 2,000 Jews and non-Jews wearing the traditional skullcap to show solidarity with Jews today, in Berlin, after Germany has been rocked by a series of anti-Semitic incidents. (As reported by Tobias Schwarz)

https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/25/world/europe/anti-semitism-germany-jews-kipa-solidarity.html?action=click&module=RelatedCoverage&pgtype=Article&region=Footer

2019: As part of First Person series, featuring “conversations with Holocaust Survivors, the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum is scheduled to host an hour long session with Manny Mandel

2019(20thof Nissan, 5779): Sixth Day of Pesach; Fifth Day of the Omer

2020: Anzac Day which was originally devised to honor the members of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) who served in the Gallipoli Campaign, their first engagement in the First World War  which made them comrades of the Zion Mule Corps, and which is now “a national day of remembrance in Australia and New Zealand that broadly commemorates all Australians and New Zealanders "who served and died in all wars, conflicts, and peacekeeping operations" and "the contribution and suffering of all those who have served" is scheduled to be observed today.

2020(1stof Iyar, 5780): Yahrtzeit of Rabbi Nathan Shapiro of Horadno

2020(1stof Iyar, 5780): Parashat Tazria/Metsora; Rosh Chodesh Iyar; for more see http://downhomedavartorah.blogspot.com/




This Day, April 26, in Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb Levin Z"L

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April 26

121: Birthdate of Marcus Aurelius the Roman Emperor who described the Jews as being “stinking and tumultuous.”

1478: The Pazzi attack Lorenzo de' Medici and killed his brother Giuliano during High Mass in the Duomo of Florence. The Pazzi were rivals of the Medici family. Lorenzo’s death was a setback for the Jewish community of Florence.  The Pazzi’s big claim to fame was their participation in the First Crusade. On the other hand Lorenzo de’ Medici had defended the Jewish community from expulsions and from the aftermath of the anti-Semitic sermons given by Bernardino da Feltre in which he whipped up the masses into a violent frenzy by demonizing the Jews as the Christ Killers.

1575: Francesco I de’Medici, the 2nd grand duck of Tuscany who “invited Jewish merchants to settle in Livorno, granting them free residence, unlimited access to trade and extensive self-government in this new Medicean free-port on the Mediterranean” and Johanna Erzherzogin von Osterriech gave birth to Marie de’Medici, queen consort of  Henry IV of France and the mother of King Louis XIII who “signed letters patent renewing the expulsion order "against not only Jews but also those who profess and practice Judaism."

1624: Birthdate of Johannes Leusden, the native of Utrecht and a Professor Hebrew who authored numerous text on the Hebrew language and  “in 1660, together with the Amsterdam rabbi and book printer Joseph Athias, published his Biblia Hebraica, the first edition of the Hebrew Bible with numbered verses.
1654: The Jews were expelled from Brazil.  The city of Recife had been taken from the Dutch by the Portuguese.  As a Dutch city, Recife had been hospitable to the Jews. But Portugal meant the Inquisition, forced conversion or exile.  It was the Jews fleeing from Recife who ended up in New Amsterdam later in 1654 and thus began what would become the American Jewish Community.Professor Arnold Witzner, author of “Jews In Colonial Brazil” the Jews could have remained in Brazil if they had converted.  They chose not to which meant that “all openly professing Jews left Brazil” prior to this date. “A total of 16 ships transported the Jewish and Dutch colonists from Recife. Some claim as many as 5,000 Jews left Recife at this time. Most of these Jews returned to Holland; some relocated to colonies in the Caribbean. Twenty-three of the Jews aboard one of these ships eventually arrived in New Amsterdam (New Netherland/New York) on September 7, 1654. There are at least two versions of the story of how these Jews came to settle in New Amsterdam. One version is that the original ship was captured by pirates at one point. The Jews were subsequently taken aboard the French ship the St. Charles, and this ship brought them to New Amsterdam. According to Wiznitzer, there was no capture by pirates. Instead, the Jews were driven by adverse winds to Spanish-held Jamaica. From there they boarded the small French frigate, Sainte Catherine, which took them to New Amsterdam.”


1655:  The directors of the Dutch West India Co. refused to grant permission to Governor Peter Stuyvesant to exclude Jews from New Amsterdam. This put an end to official efforts to bar Jews from North America. The Dutch West India Co. also specified that no restriction of trade be imposed upon the Jewish settlers. Thus it guaranteed not only the physical inviolability of the Jews but also their orderly economic development and progress. The only condition contained in the directive provided that "the poor among them shall be supported by their own nation." This gave further impetus to the growth of Jewish philanthropy in the New World.

1695: Isaac Levy, the husband of Bella Levy with whom he had three children passed away today.

1706: In Barbados, Abraham Burrows wrote his will today.

1721: A massive earthquake devastates Tabriz. There are records of a Jewish community in Tabriz dating back to the 12th century. The community must have been large and culturally diverse since it included bath Rabbanites and Karaites. In 1830, the Jews of Tabriz were massacred during a rise of Islamic fervor that also included the forced conversions of the Jews in Shiraz and Mashhad.

1737: Without any warning, the King of Prussia ordered that the decree limiting the number of Jewish families allowed to live in Berlin be enforced. According to a document entitled “General privilege and regulations to be observed concerning the Jews in his Majesty's dominions,” issued in 1730, the King had granted the Jews the right to settle 120 families in the capital city. By 1737, the number of Jewish families had risen to 180 and the king wanted these additional sixty families to depart even if it meant a loss of tax revenue.

1742: Today, Charlotte Farieres “was naturalized in New York City.”

1743: In London, Sarah Nunes Navaro and Aaron Nunez Cardozo who were married in 1739, gave birth to Rachel Nunez Cardozo

1753(22ndof Nisan, 5513): Eighth Day of Pesach

1753: As Jew munched on their matzah Justice of the Peace Thomas Winslow presided over the marriage ceremony of Mayflower descendants Benjamin Small and Bridget Eldredge.

1774(15th of Iyar, 5534): Moses Lindo passed away. Born in England he moved to South Carolina where he became a leading planter and merchant. “He did more than any other individual to encourage and advance the indigo industry of the colony, among the most important industries in South Carolina in prerevolutionary times. His transactions were enormous, and in 1762 he was appointed "Surveyor and Inspector-General of Indigo, Drugs, and Dyes," an office he resigned in 1772.

1776: In Norwalk, Ct. Joyce and Myer Myers who were married in 1767 gave birth to Rebecca Mears-Myers, the wife of Philadelphia native Jacob Mordecai whom she married in 1798 and with whom she had seven children.

1795: In Savannah, GA, Shankey Hart and Abraham Jacobs gave birth to Maria Jacobs.

1796: The Jews of Fossano escaped from a massacre which they commemorated by celebrating the Purim of the Bomb

1792: Joseph ben Meir Teomim, the native of Galicia who served as a rabbi in Lemberg and Frankfurt an der Order and whose works include “Pri Megadim (פרי מגדים), a supercommentary on some of the major commentators on the Shulkhan Aruch passed away today.”

1808: Birthdate of Jonathan-Raphaël Bischoffsheim, the native of Mainz, who was part of the Bischoffsheim family and co-founder of the bank of Bischoffsheim & Goldschmidt which played an important role in the financial world during “the early years of Belgian independence.”

1810(22ndof Nisan, 5570): Eighth Day of Pesach, Yizkor is recited on the day before Beethoven competed composing “Fur Elise” a piece that Judy Levin Rosenstein mastered in her youthful piano player years.

1815: Birthdate of Fredericia, Denmark native Henriette Nathansen, the husband of Meyer Hartvig Meyer.

1817: Joseph Freiherr von Sonnenfels the son of Perlin Lipman “who was baptized in his early youth” and went on to become a leading “Austrian and German jurist and novelist.”



1826(19th of Nisan): Chaim (Hermann) Bloch, author of “Mavo ha-Talmud” passed away today

1826: Birthdate of Edel Nathansen, the wife of Joel Isaac Cohn.

1826: Birthdate of Civil War Veteran and early homesteader Daniel Freeman.  Freeman was not Jewish.  He was the successful plaintiff in one of the first landmark cases that declared Bible reading and praying in public schools were unconstitutional.  Most of the landmark cases involving separation of church and state were brought by non-Jews.

1827: One day after he had passed away “Tanhum bar Jacob Abraham” Was buried today at the Canterbury Jewish Cemetery.”

1829: French jurist and parliamentarian Pierre-Stanislas Bédard who opposed Ezekiel Hart taking his seat in Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada because he did not think Jew should sit in the legislature, passed away today.

1829: Birthdate of Prussian-born Austrian surgeon Christian Albert Theodor Billroth who in 1876 trigger a storm with his “criticism of what he considered the disproportionately large share of Jewish medical students from Hungary and Galicia. Billroth questioned the success of assimilation, arguing "that the Jews are a sharply defined nation, and that no Jew, just like no Iranian, Frenchman, or New Zealander, or an African can ever become a German; what they call Jewish-Germans are simply nothing but Jews who happen to speak German and happened to receive their education in Germany, even if they write literature and think in the German language more beautifully and better than many a genuine Germanic native. "Therefore [we should] neither expect nor want the Jews ever to become true Germans in the sense that during national battles they feel the way we Germans do."

1843: One day after he had passed away “Itzhak bar Meir” was buried today at the “Brady Street Jewish Cemetery.”

1843: Philip Marcus Leuw married Hannah Van Gelder today in Holland.

1850(14thof Iyar, 5610): Pesach Sheni

1850(14thof Iyar, 5610): Sixty-nine year old, Leo Wolf, who was one of the founders of the “Temple’ (reform) in Hamburg passed away today.



1853: Following a recent vote by the First Prussian Chamber to exclude Jews from public employment, today, thousands of Prussian citizens including  Alexander Von Humboldt, presented petitions to the Second Chamber urging it to reject the action of the First Chamber and adopt legislation allowing Jews to hold “civil offices” and allowing everybody full freedom of religious opinion.

1854: Albert E. Hertz and Maria S. Solana, daughter of Mathew Solana were married today in St. Augustine, FL.

1856: In Mannheim, Germany, Lazarus and Babette Morgenthau gave birth to Henry Morgenthau, Sr. the American lawyer and businessman who was best known as America’s Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Morgenthau_Sr.#/media/File:Ambassador_Morgenthau%27s_Story_By_Henry_Morgenthau.png

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambassador_Morgenthau%27s_Story

1856: In Philadelphia, sixteen German boys have been charged with savagely beating a boy named Bernadotte Glischman.  After attacking him a barroom, they took the boy to his room where they stuck him with pins and covered his face with a pillow so he could not cry out.  According to the boy,  he was attacked because he was Jewish and the other boys were Catholics who wanted to punish him because the Jews crucified Christ.  The boys were being held with bail being set at $250 for 15 of them and $800 for the remaining defendant.

1857: “The original Broadway Tabernacle” which was replaced by a new building designed by Leopold Eidlitz “was opened for the last time for “Divine Service” today.

1857: Birthdate of Dayton, Ohio native Louis D. Beaumont who with “his two brothers joined with David May, their brother-in-law, in the 1880s to form the May Shoe and Clothing Company, which became the predecessor to May Department Stores.”

1859: Odo William Leopold Russell, 1st Baron Ampthill, a British diplomat serving in Italy, wrote to Sir Moses Montefiore describing the progress he has made in attempt to present a petition to the Pope concerning the kidnapping of Edgaro Martoro 

1860: Seventy-year old Friedrich Wilhelm Carl Umbreit the “Protestant theologian and Hebrew Bible scholar” whose works included translations and commentaries on Job and Proverbs and “a four-volume exegetical work on the prophets of the Old Testament” passed away.

1860: The Queen's Own Rifles of Canada (originally named 2nd Battalion, Volunteer Militia Rifles of Canada) whose most famous Jewish member may have Benjamin “Ben” Dunkelman who led them ashore at Normandy and later turned down the opportunity to command the unit, was formed today.

1860: As of 6 o’clock this evening the body of the unknown man, who was supposed to have committed suicide by shooting himself at Weehawken, NJ, had not been identified. For reasons that have not been disclosed, authorities believe him to be a German Jew from New York.

1861:  The Jewish Messenger publishes the following editorial entitled “Stand by the Flag” which demonstrates the patriotic, pro-Union beliefs held by a majority of Jews living in the United States.



“It is almost a work of supererogation for us to call upon our readers to be loyal to the Union, which protects them. It is needless for us to say anything to induce them to proclaim their devotion to the land in which they live. But we desire our voice, too, to be heard at this time, joining in the hearty and spontaneous shout ascending from the whole American people, to stand by the stars and stripes!

“Already we hear of many of our young friends taking up arms in defense of their country, pledging themselves to assist in maintaining inviolate its integrity, and ready to respond, if need be, with their lives, to the call of the constituted authorities, in the cause of law and order.

The time is past for forbearance and temporizing. We are now to act, and sure we are, that those whom these words may reach, will not be backward in realizing the duty that is incumbent upon them—to rally as one man for the Union and the Constitution. The Union—which binds together, by so many sacred ties, millions of free men—which extends its hearty invitation to the oppressed of all nations, to come and be sheltered beneath its protecting wings—shall it be severed, destroyed, or even impaired? Shall those, whom we once called our brethren, be permitted to overthrow the fabric reared by the noble patriots of the revolution, and cemented with their blood?

And the Constitution—guaranteeing to all, the free exercise of their religious opinions—extending to all, liberty, justice, and equality—the pride of Americans, the admiration of the world—shall that Constitution be subverted, and anarchy usurp the place of a sound, safe and stable government, deriving its authority from the consent of the American People?

“The voice of millions yet unborn, cried out, 'Forbid it, Heaven!' The voice of the American people declares in tones not to be misunderstood: `It shall not be!'

“Then stand by the Flag! What death can be as glorious as that of the patriot, surrendering his life in defense of his country—pouring forth his blood on the battlefield—to live forever in the hearts of a grateful people. Whether native or foreign born, Gentile or Israelite, stand by it, and you are doing your duty, and acting well your part on the side of liberty and justice!

“We know full well that our young men, who have left their homes to respond to the call of their country, will, on their return, render a good account of themselves. We have no fears for their bravery and patriotism. Our prayers are with them. G-d speed them on the work which they have volunteered to perform!

“And if they fall—if, fighting in defense of that flag, they meet a glorious and honorable death, their last moments will be cheered by the consciousness that they have done their duty, and grateful America will not forget her sons, who have yielded up their spirit in her behalf.

And as for us, who do not accompany them on their noble journey, our duty too, is plain. We are to pray to Heaven that He may restore them soon again to our midst, after having assisted in vindicating the honor and integrity of the flag they have sworn to defend; and we are to pledge ourselves to assume for them, should they fall in their country's cause, the obligation of supporting those whom their departure leaves unprotected. Such is our duty. Let them, and all of us, renew our solemn oath that, whatever may betide, we will be true to the Union and the Constitution, and STAND BY THE FLAG.”

1864(20th of Nisan, 5624): Sixth Day of Pesach

1864: As the Jews munched on their matzah today Admiral David Porter’s fleet which had been trapped by in the low level of the river” was badly damaged by Confederate guns after it had rescued the forces of the incompetent General Banks during the ill-fated Red River Campaign.

1865(30th of Nisan, 5625): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1865: Seventeen year old Henry Schneeberger, a student at Columbia was invited to deliver his first sermon at Rodeph Shalom in New York.  His discourse provoked a resounding round of approval from the congregants. (This may be an incorrect date since a source claims that this sermon was delivered on the second day of Pesach which fell on April 12)

1865: Reuters, the news service created by Paul Julius Reuter, brought news of President Abraham Lincoln's assassination in the United States to the European public, making it the first news service to provide the information to those on the eastern side of the Atlantic Ocean.

1865: Edward Storm, a resident of Greenville, MS, was discharged from the Confederate Army having served in Company D of the 28th Mississippi Cavalry.

1868: Today’s European Affairs column reported that “Thirty-one radical members of the Rumanian House have proposed the most Draconic laws against theJews, which, if put into effect, would result in an absolute expulsion of the unfortunate Hebrews.  England, Prussia and other Governments havemade the most energetic protests agains such foolish measures, and the cry of indignation thoughout Europe has already had so much effect as to cause of the signers of the bill to withdraw their signatures from it.”

1869: Public school teachers and “scholars” living in and around New York City have reportedly been swindled by “an individual calling himself a converted Jew” and “a long-time resident of Palestine. He promises to take their photographs, asks that he be paid in advance and promises to return with the pictures “in a day or two” Needless to say, he has not been returning with the pictures

1867(21stof Nisan, 5627) Seventh Day of Pesach

1867: As Jews munched on their Matzah, visitors continue to attend the second World’s Fair which had opened on the first of the month.

1871: It was reported today that Jacob Cohen is the publisher of a new Jewish newspaper, The Hebrew News.  The paper will be published weekly in Hebrew and English.

1875(21stof Nisan, 5635) Seventh Day of Pesach

1875(21stof Nisan, 5635): Seventy two year old Jamaica native Asher Isaacs, the fifth born son of Solomon Isaacs and husband Marylebone, England native Charlotte Jane Thornthwaite

Passed away today in England.

1876: Judge McAdams officiated at the wedding of Marion W. Dibble and Eliza Emma Ottolengui both of whom live in Charleston, SC.

1878(23rd of Nisan): Orthodox Rabbi David Duetsch of Budapest, author of “Goren David” passed away today

1880: Birthdate of Vinnytsia native and composer Oscar Potoker who after coming to the United States created several movie scores and became a close friend of fellow composer Josiah Zuro with whom he was riding when the latter died in a fatal automobile accident.

1880: A letter from St. Petersburg that was first published in the London Times takes issue with the contention that the Jews dominate the Nihilist and revolutionary movements in Russia.

1881: Pogroms spreading across the Ukraine, reached Kiev.

1882: Rabbi David Levy officiated at the wedding of Louis L. Cohen of Atlanta, GA and Hortense Solomons which took place at the residence of her father, S.S. Solomons.

1882: It was reported that the “poorer Jews” in Odessa, Russia, are marrying at the rate of 150 couples per day.  There is a belief that if they are married, they will be given free land in either the United States or Palestine.

1883(19thof Nisan, 5643): Sixty year old author and philosopher Samuel Alexander Byk passed away today in Leipzig.

1883: The Brooklyn Eagle reported today that after two previous failures Baith Israel, Beth Elohim, and Temple Israel, Brooklyn's three leading synagogues, tried to merge for a third time.

1883(19th of Nisan, 5643): Rabbi Solomon Reimann was crushed to death tonight when he attempted to jump from a ferry on to the dock.  The distance was only three feet, but no reason was given as to why he attempted the jump in the first place. He leaves behind a widow and four adult children

1884(1st of Iyar, 5644): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1884: A motion to grant convicted killer Edward Brice was denied today in Washington, DC.  The motion was based on the grounds “that one of the jurors” who was Jewish took the oath on a Christian Bible instead of on the Five Books of Moses.  The judge said that the objection should have been raised at the time of the swearing in and refused to consider it.

1885: Phoenix, AZ suffers one of its worst fires during Emil Ganz’s first term as the city’s mayor.  Among the buildings burnt was the Bank Exchange Hotel which was owned by native of Germany who come to Phoenix by way of Georgia.

1885: The new facility of the Brooklyn Hebrew Orphan Asylum “which had cost about $20,000 was occupied and in operation when the seventh annual meeting took place” today where it was reported the facility was not caring for 29 boys and 17 girls.

1885:”Archaelogical Frauds In Palestine,” published today recounts the various sales of an inscription written in Greek that had supposedly been found in “an old Arab house near the Mosque of Omar.”  The inscription that read “Let no foreigner pass within the precincts of the temple.  Anyone found so doing will be guilty of his own death.”  Those who sold the relic claimed that it was a sign posted in the precincts of Herod’s Temple.

1887: “Eliot and Beatrice de Pass of Kensington, London,” gave birth to Frank Alexander de Pass who as “a Lieutenant in the 34th Prince Albert Victor's Own Poona Horse” became the first Jew and the first officer of the Indian Army to receive the Victoria Cross which was awarded posthumously for his bravery in the trenches in France on November 24, 1914.

http://www.j-grit.com/military-and-spies-frank-alexander-de-pass-victoria-cross.php

1888: In Milwaukee, Wisconsin, five Jews from two different synagogues faced a preliminary hearing on charges that they were leading a boycott of a Jewish butcher named Jacob Weisfeld.  Weisfeld claimed that the two congregations were boycotting his business because he refused to pay a tax of one half a cent per pound of meat sold to the rabbis. Weisfeld claimed that his refusal led to a whispering campaign that claimed his meat was not kosher. The defense tried to prove that Weisfeld, was in fact, guilty of not slaughtering his meat in a kosher fashion.

1889: Birthdate of Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein, an Austrian born professor of philosophy at Cambridge University.  Wittgenstein was not Jewish but his family was up until the beginning of the 19th Century when the road to wealth and social acceptability was opened to those who would trade the Magen David for the Sign of the Cross.

1889: The Coroner’s Inquest that is trying to determine the cause of death a young Jewish boy named Tobias Hipper entered into its second day.  Dr. Stern and Deputy Coroner Jenkins have already testified as to the manner of death and two other witnesses have identified a couple of neighborhood boys as the culprits.

1890: Henry Rice, President of the United Hebrew Charities, testified before the sub-committee of the Joint Congressional Committee on Immigration.

1891: In NYC, “David and Netta (Donner) Bloch” gave birth to Maurice Bloch the NYU trained attorney and New York State Assemblyman who voted against ousting the Socialist members who had been elected in 1920, served as a trustee of Park Avenue Synagogue and who was the husband of the former Madeline Neuberger.

1891: “Sir Pertinax Macpsycophant” published today provides a review of Charles Macklin by Edward Abbott Parry, a biography of the 18th century actor whose signature role was his portrayal of Shylock done in such a unique  manner that when “King George II saw the production” he “was so moved he could not fall asleep that night.

1892: Manchester native Nellie Joel and London native Solomon Barnatro Joel gave birth to Lt. Woolf Joel.

1893: Abraham E. Pumpiansky, the rabbi at Riga, passed away today.

1893: Birthdate of New York native Hyman Kaplan “executive director, Federation of Jewish Charities, San Francisco” who in May of 1934 attended “the 13thannual conference of the California Committee of Personal…at Temple Beth Israel.

1893: It was reported today the Prussian Supreme Court has declared “that to exclude Jews, qua Jews, from a Freemasons’ Lodge would be a violation of the Prussian Constitution. The case stemmed from the decision of a newly formed lodge of Freemasons to admit Jews which had been objected to other lodges that did not admit Jews because the “anti-Semitic members” did not want “to fraternize with Jews.”

1893: Birthdate of economist and author Abraham David Hannath Kaplan, the holder of Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins who was a department  head at the University of Denver before joining the Brookings Institute  while raising two children – Stephen and Nancy – with his wife Bella.

https://www.nytimes.com/1974/06/02/archives/dr-abraham-h-d-kaplan-dies-brookings-senior-staff-member.html?searchResultPosition=1

1894(20thof Nisan, 5654): Sixth Day of Pesach

1894: In Russia, “Nicholas and Fannie (Silver) Ehrlich” gave birth to Columbia educated physician David Ernest Ehrlich, the roentgenologist who raised his daughter Frances with his wife “Emma Grace Smith.”

1894: Rockford, Illinois native and Sears, Roebuck executive Albert Henry Loeb married Anna Bohnen today

1895: Mayor Strong held hearings on the Hebrew Benevolent Home Bill which has already been passed by both branches of the Legislature.

1895: In Hungary, “Kaufmanny Joseph Lengyel and his wife, the former Johanna Adam” gave birth to Hungarian-American journalist, author and college professor Emil Lengyel, who, in the 1930’s was one of the first to trace Hitler’s rise to power and to write the Civil War in Siberia while a raising a son Peter with his wife, “the former Livia Delej.”

https://www.nytimes.com/1985/02/14/nyregion/emil-lengyel-a-retired-professor-and-authority-on-rise-of-nazism.html

http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/archival/collections/ldpd_4078360/

1896: In South Bend, Indiana, “Louis Stein, a dry goods store owner, and Rosa Cohen (née Kahanaski) gave birth to Jules Stein, an ophthalmologist by training who was also the founder of MCA which became the leading talent agency in the United States.  Stein joined forces with another Jew name Lou Wasserman to create the Universal entertainment empire.  Stein used his fortune for humanitarian purposes primarily in the field of research and treatment related to the eye.  He passed away in 1981 leaving behind such legacies as the National Eye Institute and the Jules Stein Eye Institute at UCLA.

1896: It was reported today that Great Britain has “a national concern” as a result of the death of Baron de Hirsch’s death. The Baron had large investments in England and the death duties owed on these properties would “yield enough revenue to build three or four new” battleships which would help the UK in its naval race with Germany.  However, the Baron is an Austrian and the will be probated in Vienna. The fear is that this will make it difficult if not impossible for the British to collect any taxes on the estate.

1896: A betrothal reception for Lucien L. Bonheur and Amelia Simon was held today the home of Miss Simon’s parents on East 56th Street.

1896: David Wolffsohn visited Herzl and offers his cooperation. Wolffsohn had been a supporter of groups seeking to establish a Jewish homeland in Eretz Israel.  Wolfffsohn provided Herzl with an entree into the German Hovevei Zion, Lover’s of Zion, organizations.

1896: In the report of the Committee on the Hebrew Technical Institute which was presented at the meeting of Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum Society the necessity of creating a fund to provide assistance for the boys who were graduating but who had not started working was called to the trustees’ attention.

1897: According to a report by Superintendent Herman Baar published today, the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum is caring for 823 children.  Of these, 350 children attend Grammar School No. 43 while the balance attended classes at the asylum.

1898: In Romania, Sara and Israel Freedman gave birth to radio gag writer David Freedman and author whose bestselling biography of Eddie Cantor was nominated for a Pulitzer Prize.

1898: Richmond, VA native and West Point graduate Otho B. Rosenbaum was promoted from the rank of 2nd Lt. in the Seventh Infantry to the rank of 1stLt.

1898: Max Nordeau delivered a speech on "Die Gegner des Zionismus" in Berlin today.

1899: The list of the Board of Directors for the Society of Aid of Jewish Prisoners published today included “Jacob H. Schiff, William N. Cohen, Jacob A. Cantor, Samuel B. Hamburger, Dr. Joseph Wiener, A.S. Solomons, E. W. Bloomingdale and the Reverends Davidson and Harris. 

1900: “Charles Frohman’s London comedians” continued their engagement at the Lyceum Theatre in New York.

1901: The Boston Globe reported today that Massachusetts State Legislature had rejected Samuel Hyman Borfosky bill exempting “persons observing the seventh day of the week as the Sabbath from any penalty for keeping shops open or for performing secular business and labor on the first day of the week” which in the days of Sunday Closing Laws would have meant that Jews could close on their Shabbat and not lose a day’s business since they would be open on Sunday.

1902: Birthdate of painter Isaac Soyer, the native of New York whose older twin brothers Moses and Raphael Soyer were also painters.

http://www.nytimes.com/1981/07/16/obituaries/isaac-soyer-a-painter-of-the-american-scene.html

1903: Herzl has a meeting with representatives of the I.A.C. in Paris who had read the report about the expedition to the Sinai Peninsula. The I.A.C. is the Jewish Colonization Association which was funded by Baron de Hirsch. The I.A.C. was established to set up agricultural settlements in places like Argentina, Brazil, Canada and the United States.  The settlements were supposed to provide places of refuge for Romanian and Russian Jews. Herzl sought enlist I.A.C. support for the establishment of agricultural colonies in the Sinai which would be a stepping stone to a Jewish home in Eretz Israel.

1903: The building of the Jewish Theological Seminary at West 123rd Street which had been funded by Jacob Schiff “was erected” today.

1903: According to an article in today’s edition of the New York Daily Tribune, “the gang that would become the Eastman Gang (named for Monk Eastman, the turn-of the-century gangster who was its leader) “first came on the scene in the early 1890s. They started out in the notorious Corlear's Hook section of the lower east side on Rivington Street in the vicinity of Mangin and Goerck streets. Another gang of the era, the Short-Tail Gang, had its headquarters in this same area, making it entirely possible that the Eastmans grew out of the Short-Tails. Originally composed of gentiles from the local slums, the gang quickly became almost exclusively Jewish with the influx of Jewish immigrants into lower Manhattan and nearby Brooklyn. When Monk Eastman himself entered the gang is unknown, but the fact that several newspaper articles refer to him as hailing from Corlear's Hook indicates that it was probably during this early era”.

1904: Birthdate of Marion Elkus Kohlman who would be buried at the Springhill Avenue Temple Cemetery in Mobile, Alabama when she passed away at the age of fifty.

1904: Solomon Barnato Joel and his wife the former Ellen “Nellie” Ridle gave birth to Conservative Party MP and horse racing aficionado Dudley Jack Barnato Joel, the husband of Esme Oldham who “was killed in action 1941” while serving as a member of the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve aboard the steam merchant ship Registan.

1904: In Little Rock, AR, “Ephraim and Sadie Cohn Eichenbaum” gave birth to Washington University trained architect, the partner of Frank Erhart and husband of Helen Marion Levin who was a member of Congregation B’nai Israel, the Little Rock Reform congregation that traces its origins to the years before the Civil War.

http://www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-detail.aspx?entryID=7030

1905(21stof Nisan, 5665): Seventh of Pesach

1905: Birthdate of Charles Kenneth Gould who gained famed as talent agent and producer Charles K. Feldman.

1906(1stof Iyar, 5666): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1906: Mayer Sulzberger, Oscar S. Straus, Cyrus L. Sulzberger, Adolphus Solomons Herman Rosenthal, Dr. Herbert Friedenwald, Rabbi Goodman Lipkind and Bernard G. Richards attended a meeting tonight that launched “The Jewish Territorialist movement for the establishment of an autonomous Jewish settlement under a free government’ either in Palestine or some other location, in the United States that supports the work of English Zionist, Israel Zangwill.

1907:Birthdate of New York native and decorated NYPD Davis Wahl, the winner of the Medal of Valor and father of two daughters – Patricia and Sandra – whom he raised with his wife Kathryn.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1969/01/10/77317204.pdf

1907: Klauber, Horn and Company, of which Samuel David Klauber was partner was dissolved today.

1908: “400 Boys Drill Like Veterans” published today described how “four hundred boys between the ages of 10 and 13 from the Hebrew Orphan Asylum proved themselves able to compete with regular soldiers in parade maneuvers…at the Seventh Regiment Armory” thanks to the efforts of Lionel J. Simmons, the Assistant Superintendent at the orphanage who had served as their drillmaster.

1908: Tonight’s concert for the benefit of the United Hebrew Charities held at the Metropolitan Opera

House actually produced a deficit of $1,400 despite the appearance of several “prominent artists.

1909: Prominent Chicago Jews have endorsed the stand taken by Senator Guggenheim of Colorado who demands that the Immigration Commission cease to classify Jews as a race” because as Lessing Rosenthal said, “The Jew is a native of the country in which he is born” and “each has the well-known characteristics of the country from which hails” which “are so different that there not anything left which might be called a Jewish race.”

1912: Anglo-Jewish boxer Mathew “Matt” Wells lost a bout to Packey McFarland at Madison Square Garden.

1912: In New Zealand, Arthur Myers received “the portfolios of Finance, Defense and Railways.”

1913(19thof Nisan, 5673): Fifth Day of Pesach; Shabbat

1913(19thof Nisan, 5673): Eighty-one year old Rabbi Moses Trager passed away in London.

1913: It was reported today that “Benjamin Alexander has been elected Secretary of the Jewish Publication Society of America succeeding the late Dr. Lewis W. Steinbach who held this office for many years.

1913: Mary Phagan comes to the pencil factory where she is given her pay for the week by Leo Frank.  According to the testimony in the trial, Leo Frank was the last person to see Mary Phagan alive.

1913: It was reported today that in Cleveland the Hebrew Orthodox Hospital Alliance now has 2,000 members and has already raised $10,000 which will be used to build a “strictly Jewish hospital in the only diet will be kosher.”

1914: “Liberal Judaism here and abroad is gaining ground, according to Dr. Maurice H. Harris, President of the Eastern Council of Reformed Rabbis, which opened its Fifth Assembly tonight at Temple Emanu-El, Fifth Avenue and Forty-Third Street. He said that an international propaganda for Liberal Judaism had been started and that a conference on the plan and scope of the movement probably would be arranged in Europe in 1916.”

1914: Rabbi Samuel L. Levinson officiated at the dedication of the new synagogue of Temple Beth Emeth, the second such building to be built in Brooklyn.  Dr. Stephen Wise, the rabbi of the Free Synagogue addressed the crowd who had come to the building which cost $40,000.

1914: Birthdate of Lillian Rolfe, a courageous member of the Marquis who was murdered by the Nazis at Ravensburck concentration camp.

1914:  Birthdate of author and Pulitzer Prize winner, Bernard Malamud.  While many think of him as a Jewish writer, one of his biggest hits, which Robert Redford later turned into a hit movie was The Natural - a book about baseball that has no Jewish characters.  Malamud passed away in 1986.

1915: The Zion Mule Corps prepared for it landing at Cape Helles which was scheduled to being tomoow.

1915:  As a corporal in the 1st Battalion, The Manchester Regiment, Issy Smith was engaged in the Second Battle of Ypres. Today, Smith, on his own initiative, recovered wounded soldiers while exposed to sustained fire and attended to them "with the greatest devotion to duty regardless of personal risk".  In August, 1915, Smith was awarded the Victoria Cross for his brave behavior.

1916: The annual convention of the Order of B’nai Zion is scheduled to meet for the second and final day of its annual convention in Baltimore, MD.

1916(23rdof Nisan, 5676): On the day after Pesach, seventy year old Elchanan (Henry) Harkavy, the Russian born “son  of R' Yosef-Moshe Moses Harkavy and Tzirl Epshtein who married Dvora Vishnevski after his first wife Feiga Yalonsky had passed away died today in New York Cityhttps://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1916/04/29/100205509.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0

1916: On behalf of the “Kehillah of New York City” Dr. J.L Magnes wrote to Dr. Nachman Heller expressing regarded that “there is no position for him in the Bureau of Education” but that he was still enclosing “a check for $5 as a contribution toward the printing fund of your new book.”

1916: Dr. Stephen Wise of the Free Synagogue wrote to Rabbi Nachman Heller expressing his regret that he could not grant him a loan “from our Social Service Department” towards the printing of his brook for which he was enclosing a check for five dollars as personal loan to help with the project

1917: It was reported that as of today “no Jew has had the right to officer’s rank” but that “in June over 2,000 Jews will be promoted to Lieutenants.”

1917:The text of a telegram from  Louis Marshall, Henry Morgenthau, Jacob H. Schiff, Oscar Straus and Julius Rosenwald of the American Jewish Committee to the new Russian government which was “made public by the State Department today expresses the alarm felt by American Jews over reports that Russia might make a separate peace.”

1917: Dr. Schmarya Levin, formerly a member of the Russian Duma, told “an enthusiastic gathering of Zionists” tonight at Cooper Union who were meeting under the auspices of the Poale-Zion that “a Jewish homeland in Palestine was inevitable in view of recent world developments.”

1917: At this afternoon’s meeting “of the Women’s Proclamation Committee, the national Jewish women’s organization for war relief” Rabbi Stephen S. Wise “told of the sufferings of Jews on the eastern front” and Mrs. Samuel Elkeles, the Chairman of the Committee said that in the last year the group “had contributed $10,000 to the Joint Distribution Committee.

1917: In response to “President Wilson’s reported intention to aid the aid project for a Jewish republic in Palestine” in Berlin the Zeitung am Mittag  that while “this scheme is intended to impress pious American Jews” “it only proves that that certain insidious imperialistic British purposes are to covered with Wilson’s noble ideals of the independence of nations.”

1917(4thof Iyar, 5677): Thirty-nine year Herman Shaw, the Camden Town born son of Michel and Fredericka Schwabacher of German, a Lieutenant in the Royal Engineers “die of his wounds in France” today, eight months and two days short of his 40th birthday.

1917: “Dispatches from Petrograd received” today “by the Jewish Daily Forward” in New York City “tell of the proposal of the new Russian government to bring to trial Minister of Justice Shtcheglovitoff  who was instrumental in prosecuting Mendel Bellis, the shoemaker of Kiev, whose trial on the charge that he participated in a ritual murder horrified the world.”

1917: As thousands of Jews fight for the Kaiser, “The Deutschvölkische Blätter, official publication of the anti-Semitic Deutschvölkische Partei (DVP), announced that it's time to declare war on Jews openly because of the Jewish opposition to World War I. Ferdinand Werner, chairman of the Deutschvölkische Partei spoke to the Reichstag and demanded that the government pass laws "against the Jewish race, which agitates for strikes and raises the price of food." (Yes, this 26 years before Hitler came to power)

1918: Three Jews were elected as members of the fifty-two member State Council in Warsaw.

1918: Leone Ravenna was appointed grand officer of the Crown of Italy.

1918: It was reported today that the London Jewish Chronicle has learned “that the Union of Polish Rabbis has decided to send three delegates to the conference of the Agudath Yisrael branch at Frankfort” where they will make a case for complete emancipation of the Jews in Poland.

1918: Birthdate of Miriam Shinezon, the native of Vitebsk, Russia who gained fame as “Miriam Ben-Porat, the first woman to serve as a Justice on Israel’s Supreme Court…” (As reported by Isabel Kershner)

1918: In Sofia, Bulgaria the premiere praised “the patriotism of Jews and pledged his government as an ally of the Jewish cause in the negotiations with Roumania.”

1919: It was reported today that “the Jewish Welfar Board has received a letter from Action Secretary of the Naty Franklin D. Roosevelt expsssing the government’s thanks for welfar servce rendered to soldiers during the war.”

1920: Birthdate of Oga Zatorsky, the thrid and last wife of Joseoph H. Hirshorn with whom she played a roled as a patron of the arts and art museums.

1920: The San Remo Conference, where delegates had reaffirmed the Balfour Declaration and incorporated it in to the terms of the Mandate over Palestine and where Arabs and Zionists held cordial meetins came to an end today.

1920: Julus J. Dukac, the Acting Chariman of the Central Committee sent a letter to the Directors of the Central Committee for the Relief of Jews Suffering Through the War asking them to attend a dinner meeeting at the Broadway Central Hotel, where among other things, they will a report from Rabbi Ephraim on the conditions of the Jews in Poland.

1921(18th of Pesach, 5681): Fourth Day of Pesach

1922: In Hartford, CT, Russian Jewish immigrants Sophia and Samuel Kellin gave birth to Myron Kellin who gained fame as actor Mike Kellin who “made his Broadway debut in 1949 in ‘At War with the Army.’”

1922: Di Tsayt, a Yiddish language daily founded in 1920  that was the “house paper” for the “Labor Zioinist Paole Zion” movement which employed David Pinski as editor “was closed down today” signaling a loss of power and prestige for its parent organization.

1924(22nd of Nisan, 5684): Eighth Day of Pesach and Shabbat

1924(22nd of Nisan, 5684): Eighty-one year old Moritz Walter the native of Bavaria who was the son of Nathan and Rosa Walter passed away in San Francisco.



1925: The New York Times featured a review of “My Portion: An Autobiography” by Rebekah Kohut with an Introduction written by Henrietta Szold. According to the review, the book describes “Kohut's Life Story of Social Service” and should appeal to both Jewish and non-Jewish readers alike.



1925: The Pulitzer Prize was awarded to Edna Ferber for So Big.  This Jewish author became famous for her sweeping novels that portrayed American history.  Showboat and Giantare two of her literary hits that went on to become cinematic successes.

1926: In New York, Esther Garfunkel and Benjamin Gottesman gave birth to businessman and billionaire David Sanford “Sandy” Gottesman, the brother of Milton and Alice Gottesman and the nephew of Samuel Gottesman who has been married to his wife for over sixty years.

http://www.forbes.com/lists/2010/10/billionaires-2010_David-Gottesman_YFTR.html

http://www.forbes.com/profile/david-gottesman/

1927: Birthdate of Avi Livney, the New York native and WW II U.S. Navy veteran who served aboard the President Warfield, which sailed under the name of the Exodus carrying Jewish refugees to Palestine.

http://www.machal.org.il/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=292&Itemid=398&lang=en

1928: “Present Arms” a Rodgers and Hart musical opened at the Mansfield Theatre.

1929: In Jerusalem, there was a cornerstone laying ceremony to mark the construction of the building designed to house the Jewish National Fund.  The building was part of a construction project designed to provide space for several national institutions.

1931: In Manhattan Moe and Tillie Brillstein gave birth to Bernard Jules Brillstein, the nephew of vaudeville performer Jack Pearl who gained fame as producer and high-powered talent agent Bernie Brillstein.

1931(9thof Iyar, 5691): Eighty-seven year old Vienna born “inventor and chemist Isidore Kitsee  “who is credited with more than 2,000 inventions” including “a wireless set using a tube” the patent rights for which he sold to Marconi” and who claimed to be a descendant of Moses Maimonides passed away today in Philadelphia,

1931: More than 1,000 people, including Gustave Hartman, the President of the Israel Orphan Asylum, attended a testimonial dinner for Herbert D. Perlman, the grand master of the Independent Order of B’rith Abraham, who will be retiring this year

1931: Eighty-five year old Dr. Otis Glazebrook the American Consul in Jerusalem during World War One who was honored by Jewish leaders for the effective way he “distributed relief funds in Jerusalem passed away while aboard the SS Belgenland..

1932: Birthdate of Anthony Ray Gubbay, “the former Chief Justice of the Supreme court of Zimbabwe.

1933: In Munich Justine and Karl Penzias gave birth to Arno Allan Penzias, a “kindertransport kid” who won the Nobel Prize for Physics.

http://www.ieeeghn.org/wiki/index.php/Arno_Allan_Penzias

1933: Hermann Göring established the Gestapo (Geheime Staatspolizei; Secret State Police).

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/the-gestapo

1933: Hitler met with Bishop Wilhelm Berning of Osnabrück and Monsignor Steinmann, prelates representing the Roman Catholic Church in Germany. Hitler claimed that he is only doing to the Jews what the Catholic Church has already done to them for 1600 years. He reminded the prelates that the Church has regarded the Jews as dangerous and pushed them into ghettos. Hitler suggested that his anti-Jewish actions are "doing Christianity a great service." Bishop Berning and Monsignor Steinmann later described the talks as "cordial and to the point."

1933: Jewish students were barred from schools in Germany

1934: U.S. premiere of “We’re Not Dressing” a musical comedy directed by Norman Taurog with a story co-authored by Benjamin Glazer who also produced the film and co-starring George Burns as “George Martin.”

1934:  Birthdate of actor Alan Arkin.

1934: The third biennial Levant Fair opens in Tel Aviv.  According to Israel B. Brodie, “the fair is designed to attract trade to Palestine and also to draw attention to the importance of Palestine in reaching many of the Near Eastern markets.”

1935: “Mark of the Vampire” co-authored by Guy Endore (born Samuel Goldstein) was released in the United States today.

1936: “As sporadic acts of violence by Arabs continued…a young Jew walking near the Damascus Gate in the Old City of Jerusalem was severly beaten by an Arab who escaped.  Buses in Jewish districts are stone by Arabs and attempts by Arabs to set fire to Jewish owned fields have been thwarted. 

1936: In France, the first of two rounds of elections take place that will bring a Popular Front Government to power with Leon Blum serving as “the first authentically Socialist prime minister in French history.”

1936: “A few hours after Chaim Wiezmann…had sent a cable telling of the recent outbreak of violence in Palestine and asking for a special $150,000 fund to meet urgent needs” a meeting was held tonight at the Hotel Astor that included representatives from the ZOA, World Zionist Organization of America, the World Zionist Executive, the Jewish National Fund, the Labor Zionists, Mizrachi, the Order of the Sons of Zion and Hadassah.

1937: Banker Felix M. Warburg and his wife returned today from Europe today where “he had attended executive committee meetings of various Jewish charities” and “said the hope for alleviation of Jewish distress in Europe lay in a possible change of attitude by certain governments, not for ‘love of human’ but for economic reasons.”  (Editor’s note – when criticizing the American response to the treatment of the Jews in Europe, one should look to the words of leading Jews who provided input for the general society.)

1938: Austrian Jews were required to register property above 5,000 Reichsmarks.  This came as part of the Nazification of Austria after the Germans annexed Hitler's homeland.  After the war, the Austrians sought to portray themselves as the first victims of Nazi aggression.  The cheering throngs that greeted Hitler told a different story.

1938: Nazi Germany adopted a statute requiring government authorization for the sale or rental of a company.

1938: “Austrian composer and cabaret star” Hermann Leopoldi was kept from making his planned trip to the United States today when he was arrested and transported to Dachau.

1939: “The decision to unify” Kibbutz BaMa’ale and Kibbutz BaMifne in Karkur “was made in the secretariat of Hashomer Hatzair” today.

1939: Two days after he had passed away, funeral services are scheduled to be held this afternoon at Temple Rodelph Sholom for 77 year old Isaac Goldberg, the head of “trucking business” that had been founded by his father Jacob Goldberg and Democratic political leader who raised two sons – Bertram and Edwin – with his wife “the former Mae E. Perlberg.”

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1939/04/27/91574112.pdf

1940(18thof Nisan, 5700): Fourth Day of Pesach

1940: It was announced today that Dr. Joseph J. Schwartz, the secretary of the American Jewish Joint Distribution has been appointed vice chairman of the charity’s European Council and that Moses Leavitt will succeed Dr. Schwartz as secretary.

1940: “Turks and Anzacs Joined on Gallipoli Anniversary” published today described the events held throughout the Middle East marking the 25thanniversary of the Anzacs storming ashore on that Ottoman peninsula including the new generation of Aussie and Kiwis who are serving in Palestine.

1941: The “Rats of Tobruk” continue their battle with Afrika Corps marking the first time that the Germans had actually been stopped dead in their tracks which had to be a bit of moral boost since the Yugoslavians had just surrendered to the Germans giving them a free hand in the Balkans, and unbeknownst to anybody clearing the way for the invasion of the Soviet Union which would be devastating for the Jews of Eastern Europe

1942: Leopold Müller and his wife Irene were marched on a roundabout route from a Gestapo gathering point in a small park in Würzburg through the city's streets to a train depot. There they left their luggage on the platform and boarded a train to the East and to their deaths.

1943: Day seven of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprisngn

1944: Release date for “The Hitler Gang,” “a pseudo-documentary…which traces the political rise” of the German dictator.

1945: Prisoner Karl Riemer fled the Dachau concentration camp to get help from American troops

1945: “As the Americans approached Dachau about 7,000 prisoners, most of them Jews, were sent on a death march to Tegernsee.”

1946: U.S. premiere of “The Glass Alibi” directed and produced by W. Lee Wilder with music by Alexander Laszlo.

1946: “Thousands of British paratroopers made a house by house search through north Tel Aviv today rounding up and question 1,200 suspected terrorists” following the attack on a British police station.  Tel Aviv is placed under a strict curfew.

1947: IN Russia, Bluma and Yechezkel Yadlovker gave birth to David Ben-Shalom Yadlovker who made Aliyah 1960 and passed away when the INS Dakar sank in 1968.

1948(17thof Nisan, 5708): Third Day of Pesach is observed as Arab armies besiege Jerusalem seeking to strangle the Jewish state before it is even born.

1949: “While hundreds of ex-servicemen and newly arrived immigrants demonstrated against unemployment outside, the Knesset heard plans today for a comprehensive building program over the next four years coupled with an austerity campaign that will make the Israelis tighten their belts in British style.”

1949:Following the occupation of east Jerusalem and territory on the west bank of the Joran River, “foreign correspondents in Amman, “have been informed officially ha Transjordan is incorrect as he name of this country and therefore will not be passed by the censors” and that the name of the country is the “Hashemite Jordan Kingdom.”

1949: As of today, the prospects of getting 2,000 thousand Jews out Hungary, who had been promised safe passage by the new regime “are not bright and right now the only Jews arriving in Vienna appeared to be “younger men who had made their way across the border without the consent of the Hungarian government.

1950: Seventy-nine year old Irish archaeologist Robert Alexander Stewart Macalister who “was responsible for the excavations at Gezer” from 1902 to 1909 where the “Gezer calendar” was found passed away today.

1951(20thof Nisan, 5711): Sixth Day of Pesach; 5th day of the Omer

1951: Day of the Fight” a documentary directed, produced, filmed and written by Stanley Kubrick and with music by Gerald Fried was released in the United States today.

1951: Birthdate of Erin Stoff, the native of Romania who gained fame as the American film producer who formed 3 Arts Entertainment, Inc.

1951: “Joseph Goldman, 76 Missouri Ex-Editor” published today described the life Spanish American War veteran and Jefferson City, MO native Joseph Goldman the journalist who had the courage to faced down the Ku Klux Klan at a time when they were busy lynching and burning out Negroes, Jews and anybody who challenged them

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1951/04/26/87246347.pdf

1953: “Printer's Measure” an episode of the TV anthology series The Philco-Goodyear Television Playhouse written by Paddy Chayefsky aired for the first time tonight.

1954: Field trials of the Polio Vaccine developed by Jonas Salk began today “at the Franklin Sherman Elementary School in McLean, VA, a suburb of Washington, DC.

1954: For the first time, NBC broadcast “The Tony Martin Show” which showcased the talent of the San Francisco born singer who was the son of Eastern European Jews.

1959: In “Ambassador at Large for a Nation in the Making” published today Walter Laquer reviewed Chaim Wiezman by Isaiah Berlin.

http://www.nytimes.com/books/98/11/29/specials/berlin-weizman.html

1960: West German release date for “ I Married a Woman” directed by Hal Kanter with a script by Goodman Ace.

1965: The World Zionist Congress tonight closed a two-day debate on Israel's security crisis after having heard new attacks on United States and Soviet policies

1965: Composer Aaron Avshalomov passed away. Born into a Jewish family in Nikolayevsk-on-Amur, Khabarovsk Krai, then Russian Empire) in 1894, “he was one of highly qualified Jewish musicians (i.e., Alfred Wittenberg, Walter Joachim, Arrigo Foa, etc.), who fled pogroms and revolutions in Russia in the beginning of the 20th century, went to China (first arrived in Harbin, later moved to Shanghai). They entered the world of Shanghai's academia and trained a number of young Chinese musicians in classical music, who in turn became leading musicians in contemporary China. Aaron fled China in when the Japanese invaded in 1931 and moved to live in Portland, Oregon, USA. He was the father of composer Jacob Avshalomov, conductor of the Portland Junior Symphony (now called the Portland Youth Philharmonic Orchestra) from 1953-1994.

1966: Arnold "Red" Auerbach retired as Boston Celtic's coach

1967:  In what would turn out to be part of a diplomatic offensive leading to the Six Day War, the Soviet Ambassador to Israel protested to Prime Minister Levi Eshkol that Israel was planning on starting a war with Syria.  Ehskol denied the claim and offered to take the Soviet diplomat to the border so that he could see that troops were not being massed for attack.  The Russian declined to go, but the Syrians believed the Russian report increasing tension in the area.

1967: Hallelujah, Baby! a musical with music by Jule Styne, lyrics by Adolph Green and Betty Comden, opened on Broadway at the Martin Beck Theatre

1968(28thof Nisan, 5728): Seventy-eight year old Silesian born and decorated member of Austria’s World War I Army, Benno Landsberger, a leading Assyriologist who like so many of his generation had his career “interrupted by the rise of the Nazis passed away today.

https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvcm4fww

https://oi.uchicago.edu/research/publications/as/16-studies-honor-benno-landsberger-his-seventy-fifth-birthday-april-21-1963

https://www.academia.edu/37566778/The_Unknown_Benno_Landsberger_A_Biographical_Sketch_of_an_Assyriological_Altmeisters_Development_Exile_and_Personal_Life_in_collaboration_with_Jitka_Sýkorová_LAOS_10_Wiesbaden_Harrassowitz_2018_xvi_132_pp._25_figs._

1969: In Canada, the Bulletin published a list of the demands and goals made by a group of students at Shaar Hashomayim that were designed to show their respect for the synagogue while at the same time calling for “practices necessary for a renaissance in Canadian Jewish life.”

1969: "Suzanne," “a song written by Canadian poet and musician Leonard Cohen”  “entered the Dutch Top 40 List today at number 39.”

1969: After 161 performances, the curtain came down “Jimmy Shine” written by Murray Schisgal at the Atkinson Theatre.

1969: After 433 performances the curtain came down on the first Broadway production of “George M!” a musical with a book by Michael Stewart and Francine Pascal, produced by Emanuel Azenberg and starring Joel Grey.

1970(20th of Nisan, 5730): As part of a campaign to gain rights for Russian Jews, tens of thousands of Jews shared in a Passover “Exodus March” that began at the Soviet mission to the United Nations

1970(20th of Nisan, 5730): Stripper Gypsy Rose Lee, born Louise Hovick passed away at the age of 56.

1973: A West End production of “Two Gentlemen of Verona” a rock musical based on Shakespeare’s play of the same with a book by Mel Shapiro opened at the Phoenix Theatre with Shapiro as the director.

1974: “Jewish cameraman Mikhail Suslov and scriptwriter Felix Kamov-Kandel had their names removed from film credits.”

1976: For a second time, Pierre Goldman went on trial for his role in a robbery in which two pharmacists were killed.  This time he was acquitted.

1976(26thof Nisan, 5736): Sixty-two year old South African born British actor Sid James suffered a fatal heart attack “while performing on stage at the Sunderland Empire Theatre.

http://www.family-announcements.co.uk/localworld/view/3344731/sid-james

1977: Samuel Lewis was appointed U.S. Ambassador to Israel.

1978:In a New York Times profile Lillian Vernon was described as "the first lady of mail order catalogues," a designation she had earned through more than two decades of entrepreneurship and steady growth of her eponymous business.Born Lilly Menasche in Leipzig, Germany, in 1927, Lillian Vernon fled with her family first to Amsterdam and then to New York to escape Hitler. In the U.S., her father manufactured leather goods, which would become the base of Vernon's first foray into mail-order.Married and pregnant, Vernon began the business that would become Lillian Vernon, Inc., in 1951. She took $495 of her wedding gift money to place an advertisement for personalized belts and handbags in Seventeen. Her father's company manufactured the belts and bags, and Vernon embossed, packaged, and shipped them. The ad brought in over $32,000 worth of sales, and Vernon's company was born. She mailed her first catalogue two years later.Taking monogramming as its trademark, and catering mainly to women, Lillian Vernon mail-order grew rapidly, generating $200,000 in sales in 1956, the year Vernon opened her first manufacturing plant. By 1990, sales had risen to $238 million, and the mailing list had grown to 17 million names.After pioneering her successful mail-order business, Vernon continued to keep the company at the forefront of commercial changes. She began opening retail outlets in 1985, and went online a decade later. Hers was also the first woman-owned business to be listed on the American Stock Exchange. The company continues to introduce new catalogs regularly, and now produces special lines of items for children, teens, and gardening, as well as its traditional products for the home.Vernon has used her wealth to support over 500 charities, and has been recognized by, among others, Big Brothers/Big Sisters, which awarded her its National Hero Award. She has also received the NAACP Medal of Honor, and has been inducted into the Direct Marketing Association Hall of Fame and the National Women's Hall of Fame. In 1997, she was named one of 50 leading women entrepreneurs by the National Foundation for Women Business Owners. Though she no longer embossed items herself, Vernon was active as the CEO of her company and as its main spokesperson until 2006

1981(22ndof Nisan, 5741): Eighth Day of Pesach marks the close of the celebration for the first time during the Presidency of Ronald Reagan.

1985(5thof Iyar, 5745): Seventy-six year old American screenwriter Albert Maltz a member of the Hollywood Ten who were jailed for their refusal to testify before Congress passed away today. (As reported by C. Gerald Fraser and Jerry Belcher)

http://www.nytimes.com/1985/04/29/arts/albert-maltz-a-screenwriter-blacklisted-by-industry-dies.html?smid=pl-share

http://articles.latimes.com/1985-04-28/news/mn-21334_1_albert-maltz

1987:At Congregation Rodeph Sholom in New York Margaret Howell Hudesman, an interior designer, was married to Gabriel Levinson, an architect with Nadler, Philopena & Associates in Mount Kisco, N.Y. Rabbi Gunter Hirschberg performed the ceremony.

1987(27th of Nisan, 5747): Yom Hashoah,

1987: Israeli radio quoted sources in Prime Minister Shamir's office as saying Mr. Moshe Arens had succeeded in persuading Secretary of State Shultz to give up the idea of an international conference, a report that was promptly denied by Foreign Minister Shimon Peres's office. Foreign Minister Peres favors such a conference.  Shamir opposes it.

1989: NBC broadcast the last episode of “Tattingers” a comedy-drama created by Bruce Paltrow and starring Jerry Stiller and Rob Morrow and with them music composed by Jonathan Tunick.

1990: Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir, leader of the right-wing Likud bloc, was chosen to form a new government after Labor Party leader Shimon Peres failed in his attempt to form a coalition.

1990(1stof Iyar, 5750): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1990(1stof Iyar, 5750): Ninety-five year old Irma (Seeman) Goldberg, the widow of Rube Goldberg passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/1990/04/27/obituaries/irma-seeman-goldberg-hospital-volunteer-95.html

1991: “Oscar,” a comedy directed by John Landis and with music by Elmer Bernstein was released in the United States today.

1991(12thof Iyar, 5751): Eighty-one year old Henry Lipson who served as Professor of Physics at the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology from 1954 to 1977 and then became Professor Emeritus passed away today.

1992(27th of Nisan, 5747): Yom Hashoah

1992: Appearing before 5,000 men, women and children gathered to mourn the Jews killed by the Nazis, Vice President Dan Quayle pledged the commitment of the Bush Administration to the memory of those who perished in the Holocaust and to Israel, which he said "was built upon the ashes of the Holocaust." 1992: “Lou Bernstein: Five Decades of Photographs” an exhibition that includes “images of life the 1940s to the 1960s” came to an end today.

https://www.icp.org/exhibitions/lou-bernstein-five-decades-of-photographs

1993(5thof Iyar, 5753): Yom HaAtzma’ut

1994: Seventy-one year old Rostam Bastuni, a journalist and politician who was the first Arab citizen to represent a Zionist Party (Mapam) in the Knesset.

1995(26thof Nisan, 5755): Ninety year old Dutch born cellist Frieda Belinfante a member of the Portuguese -Sephardic Belinfante family that settled in Holland in the 17th century passed away today.

http://articles.latimes.com/1995-03-07/local/me-39790_1_orange-county-philharmonic-society

1996: According to a report published in the Bulletin, two days before Passover, the leaders of Shaar Hashomayim in Montreal found out the nature of the upcoming student demonstration that would confront the congregation.

1997: In “Adding a Contemporary Ring to an Ancient Story,” Gustav Neibuhr described a Seder the Religious Action Center of Reform Judaism hosted for the Dalai Lama.

http://www.nytimes.com/1997/04/26/us/adding-a-contemporary-ring-to-an-ancient-story.html

1998(30thof Nisan, 5758): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1998(30thof Nisan, 5758): Two days before her 80th birthday, Matilda Meltsner, the daughter of Morris Meltsner, whose older brother Joseph Meltsner had been killed during the battle for Iwo Jima, passed away today in Valley Stream, NY.

1998: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of interest to Jewish readers including Between Dignity and Despair: Jewish Life in Nazi Germany by Marion A. Kaplan, Killing the Dream: James Earl Ray and the Assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. by Gerald Posner and Heading South, Looking North: A Bilingual Journey by Ariel Dorfman.

1998: An exhibit styled “An Expressionist in Paris: The Paintings of Chaim Soutine” opened at the Jewish Museum in New York City.

1999: Israel charged Avisahi Raviv, “a former undercover agent and right-wing radical today with failing to prevent the assassination of Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin by a Jewish hard-liner.”

2000(21stof Nisan, 5760) Seventh Day of Pesach

2000: In what is a growing trend Fred and Ruth Goldschmidt and “their children and grandchildren have joined a growing number of observant Jews who leave their homes to make the Passover exodus to resort hotels for the holiday,”including the Wyndham Resort and Spa” where Lasko Family Kosher Tours is responsible for the KP getaway.

2001(3rdof Iyar, 5761): Yom HaAtzma’ut

2002: “About a Boy” a comedy directed by Christ Weitz and Paul Weitz who also wrote the screenplay and co-starring Rachel Weisz was released today.

2003: Thirteen people were injured during a bombing at the Kfar Saba train station for which the PFLP and Al-Aqsa claimed joint responsibility.

2003(24thof Nisan, 5763): Seventy-three year old Peter Stone who scripts included everything from lighthearted comedy like Father Goose to the Broadway hit “1776” who won the trifecta – Emmy, Tony and Oscar – passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/2003/04/28/movies/peter-stone-award-winning-writer-of-1776-dies-at-73.html

https://www.theguardian.com/news/2003/may/19/guardianobituaries.artsobituaries

2004(5thof Iyar, 5764): Yom HaZikaron

2004: Two Palestinians were killed when suicide bomber coming from Gaza detonated himself “on the way to carry out an attack in Israel.”

2005(17thof Nisan, 5765): Third Day of Pesach

2005(17thof Nisan, 5765): Eighty-six year old Mason Adams who may be best remembered as the voice of Smuckers – “With a name like Smucker’s, it has to be good” – passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/2005/04/28/arts/television/mason-adams-an-actor-lauded-for-role-on-lou-grant-dies-at-86.html

http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/star-gazette/obituary.aspx?page=lifestory&pid=3480066

2005: Dr. Raul Hilberg, author of the three-volume, 1,273-page The Destruction of the European Jews regarded as the seminal study of the Nazi Final Solution was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences

2005: ‘One of Isaac Lazarus Israëls Donkey riding on the Beach series realised €482,400 at Christie's, Amsterdam.”

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Isaac_Israels_-_Donkeyride.jpg

2006(28thof Nisan, 5766):  Yuval Ne’eman, founder of Israel’s space program and a key figure in Israel’s nuclear program passed away.

2006: The family of real estate magnate and book lover Sami Rohr has created the Sami Rohr Prize for Jewish Literature, an annual $100,000 prize for an "emerging writer whose work has demonstrated a fresh vision and evidence of future potential." The Rohr family said that the award hopefully will "encourage, promote, and support outstanding writing of Jewish interest." Fiction and nonfiction books in English (including translations) will be considered in alternate years—the inaugural prize in 2007 will be for fiction. Short story collections are eligible if 75 percent of the text was not previously published in periodicals or other collections. All nonfiction titles must concern Jewish themes and are limited to history, biography, contemporary Jewish life, Jewish scholarship, and current affairs.

2006:  Haaretzreviewed Betabat Hahenek or In a Stranglehold by Uri Ben-Ari.  In this work, Ben-Ari returns to his childhood in Nazi Berlin. Now a retired Brigadier General, a member of Dor Tashach, the generation of Israelis that came to maturity when the state was established, and a founder of the Israel Defense Force's tank division, 81-year-old Ben-Ari describes his earliest battles to survive as a Jew in Germany.

2006(28th of Nisan, 5766): Yuval Ne’eman founder of Israel’s space program and a key figure in Israel’s nuclear program passed away.

2006: While delivering the James Fox Memorial Lecture today Robert S. Mueller, III, the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation described a terrorist plot which included plans to blow up a synagogue in Los Angeles on Yom Kippur in 2005. When the would-be terrorists were caught, they also had lists of the addresses of the Jewish houses of worship in Los Angeles and the address of the Israeli consulate in Los Angeles

2006: “The Hebrew Manuscripts of the Cairo Genizah” published today.

http://h2g2.com/edited_entry/A10358868

2007: Harman International Industries announced today that It entered  an agreement to be acquired by Kohlberg, Kravis, Roberts (KKR) and Goldman Sachs.

2008(21st of Nisan, 5768): Seventh Day of Pesach – Reform Jews recite Yizkor

2008(21st of Nisan, 5768): Yossi Harel, who commanded four ships bringing Jews to Israel illegally, died at the age of 90 in Tel Aviv.Harel assisted 24,000 Jews in reaching Israel aboard four ships, including the famed SS Exodus, between 1945 and 1948. Great Britain, which controlled the region at the time, banned Jewish immigration due to Arab pressure. The other three ships were called Knesset Yisrael (Gathering of Israel), Atzma'ut (Independence) and Kibbutz Galuyot (Ingathering of the Exiles).The Exodus was made famous by a film of the same name. Born in 1919, Harel was the sixth generation in his family born in Jerusalem. At the age of 15 he joined the pre-state Haganah defense force. By the age of 28 he oversaw the clandestine immigration operations bringing Jews, many of them survivors of the Holocaust, to the Holy Land. Later on, Harel oversaw the IDF’s Unit 131, an intelligence unit that ran a spy ring in Egypt until the so-called Lavon Affair of 1954.Harel will be buried at the Caesarea-area kibbutz, Sdot Yam.

2009: Final performance of “The Accomplices” at the Center Stage Theatre in Jerusalem.

2009: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Vincente Minnelli: Hollywood’s Dark Dreamer by Emanuel Levy and the recently released paperback edition of The Mayor’s Tongue a novel written by Nathaniel Rich.

2009: First annual Mitzvah Day in Iowa City sponsored by Agudas Achim

2009: Authorities fear a case of swine flu may have made it to Israel after a 26-year-old Israeli who just returned from a trip to Mexico today checked himself into the hospital reporting flu-like symptoms. Also today, the Foreign Ministry urged Israeli nationals in Mexico and certain parts of the United States to exercise caution after the deadly swine flu strain killed up to 81 people in Mexico

2009: Temple Judah in Cedar Rapids hosts its annual Big Dinner, one of the congregations oldest and most important fund raiser.

2009(2nd of Iyar, 5769): Eighty-two year old Meir Benayahu, the son of Rabbi Yitzhak Nissim and the brother of Moshe Nissim, whose areas of research including the Sephardi Diaspora, Kabbalah and Sabbataism passed away today.

2009(2nd of Iyar, 5769): Eighty-two year old award winning historian Emanuel Tov whose disitinguished career included cofounding the “Institute for Research on Israeli Communities in the Middle East.”

2009(2nd of Iyar, 5769): Eighty­-sixty ear old Salamo Arouch, a Greek-born Jewish boxer who survived the Auschwitz death camp in World War II by winning fight after fight against fellow prisoners, to the delight of Nazi guards who had placed their bets on him, died in Israel today.

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/04/world/europe/04arouch.html

2010: “The Wedding Song,” film about a Jewish girl and a Moslem girl, living in war torn Tunisia, is scheduled to be shown at the 2010 NoVA International Jewish Film Festival

2010: “Iron Man 2” a superhero movie directed by Jon Favreau was released today in the United States.

2010:Professor Gil Troy is scheduled to deliver a lecture entitled "The 1975 Zionism is Racism Resolution: American Anger and British Appeasement" in Jerusalem sponsored by the Israel Branch of The Jewish Historical Society of England.



2010: The New York Timesfeatured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including “Get Capone:The Secret Plot That Captured America’s Most Wanted Gangster” by Jonathan Eig and “Ill Fares the Land” by Tony Judt.

2010: The Los Angeles Times included a review of “Three Chords For Beauty’s Sake: The Life of Artie Shaw by Tom Nolan that traces the transformation of Avraham Ben-Yitzhak Arshawsky from the son of immigrant Jews to one of the main players in the world of Swing and the Big Band sound.

2011:“The Wizard of Lies: Bernie Madoff and the Death of Trust” by Diana B. Henriques, a book that “analyzes Mr. Madoff’s rise and fall” is scheduled to be published today.

2011(22nd of Nisan, 5771): Eighth day of Pesach – Yizkor

2011: The New York Times published a review of “A Book of Recipes Gathered From Holocaust Survivors” by June Feiss Hersh. Recipe books based on the memories of Holocaust survivors might seem to trivialize the horror. But Dr. Ruth Westheimer, one of the survivors featured in “Recipes Remembered: A Celebration of Survival,” said that food represents identity for these people who did not have a real homeland. June Feiss Hersh interviewed more than 100 survivors and their relatives for the book, and recorded their stories, food memories and recipes, which she also tested. When the dish called for ketchup or canned tomato soup, that’s what the recipe included. This lavishly illustrated book is divided by geographic areas, including Greece, where there was a Jewish community on the island of Rhodes. Though the recipes from Polish survivors tend to represent traditional Jewish cooking (kugel, gefilte fish), there are plenty of new ideas to explore, including an Italian Sunday sauce, potato soup made with a browned roux, a cabbage pie wrapped in puff pastry and a feather-light chocolate roll of exquisite simplicity. The personal stories recount amazing coincidences and moments of luck that led to survival, often after internment at Auschwitz. The immigrant experiences in places like Cuba as well as the United States are also described, and indeed influence the food. Ms. Hersh added recipes from 26 chefs and professional cooks, but these are unnecessary and often irrelevant. The rich collection from the survivors needed no help, especially when you even have people like George Lang among the bona fide contributors.

2011: Peter Shumlin appeared on The Rachel Maddow Show via telephone where he discussed health care reform in his state, his belief in health care for all and that "health care is a right, not a privilege".

2012: “Lea and Darija” about the “Croatian Shirley Temple,” Lea Deutsch ,the Jewish star of a Zagreb song-and-dance troupe, and her gentile dancing partner Darija Gasteiger is scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival

2012: Defense Minister Ehud Barak, said today that the chances “appear low” that the Iranian government would bow to international pressure and halt its nuclear program.

2012: “In Darkness,” a film set in Nazi occupied Lvov, is scheduled to be shown for the final time as part of the Yom HaShoah commemoration in Iowa City, Iowa.

2012(4th of Iyar, 5772):  Yom Ha’Atzmaut – Israel Independence Day

2013: “Family, ‘Not Willing to Forget,’ Pursues Art It Lost to Nazis” published today described the fight of

3 generations of the Rosenberg family to recover art stolen during WW II.








2013: “No Place Earth” is scheduled to open in several cities across the United States including Beverly

Hills, Philadelphia and Washington, DC

2013: In New Orleans, Touro Synagogue is scheduled to host its 22nd annual Jazz Fest Shabbat

2013: One hundredth anniversary of the start of events that would become known as “The Leo Frank Case,” the worst single outbreak of anti-Semitism in the United States.

2013: Today, Bulgarian investigators staged a re-enactment of the bus bombing that killed five Israeli tourists, the bus driver and the alleged perpetrator at the Burgas airport in July. The Europol-sponsored experiment, aimed to provide more details about the attack, was done at a police compound near the city of Ihtiman, 40 kilometers (25 miles) east of Sofia. Officials said the results confirmed the facts they had previously established.(As reported by AP & Times of Israel)

2013: Lebanese media outlets reported this afternoon that the Israeli Air Force was conducting mock raids over southern parts of the country, one day after an unmanned aerial vehicle was shot down by the IAF off the coast of Haifa

2014: “The Zig Zag Kid” is scheduled to be shown at the JCC Rockland International Film Festival.

2014: Dominican priest Giuseppe Girotti “an opponent of Benito Mussolini and a protector of Jews from the Nazi Holocaust who died at Dachau Concentration Camp which earned him the designation of declared Righteous Among the Nations by Yad Vashem” was beatified today by Cardinal Angelo Amato on behalf of Pope Francis

2014: “Haunted Screen” an exhibition at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art that described the role of German Jews in the film industry when the Nazis came to power and the changes that came afterwards came to a close today.

2015: “Watchers of the Sky” a documentary that includes a look at “the forgotten life of Raphael Lemkin, the man who created the world genocide” is scheduled to be shown at the Illinois Holocaust Museum and Education Center

2015: Music scholar Walter Frisch and Jewish historian Jonathan Karp are scheduled to discuss the life and legacy of Harold Arlen in a program entitled That Old Jewish Magic? Harold Arlen and American Popular Song presented by American Society for Jewish Music

2015: “Dior and I” and “While We’re Young” are scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2015: “The Republican Jewish Coalition leadership conference is scheduled to come to an end in Las Vegas, Nevada.

2015: 4th Annual ReelAbilities: Greater DC Disabilities Film Festival is scheduled to open today.

2015: Israeli choreographer and his company are scheduled to perform “Dabke” at the JCC Manhattan.

2015: “‘Martyrs Street,’ Misha Shulman’s new play about the Israel-Palestinian conflict that explores the power and seduction of extremism” is scheduled to complete its run “at New York’s off-off-Broadway Theatre for the New City” today. (As reported by Cathryn J. Prince)

2015: The Maccabeats are scheduled to perform at Beth Shalom Congregation in Columbia, MD.

2015: The New York Times featured reviews of books written by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Do-Over: Poems by Kathleen Ossip, Infamy: The Shocking Story of the Japanese American Internment in World War II by Richard Reeves and The Train To Crystal City: FDR’s Secret Prisoner Exchange Program and America’s Only Family Internment Camp During World War II by Jan Jarboe Russell

2016: In the United Kingdom, the Oxford Jewish Chaplains are scheduled to provide “a Kosher for Passover version of their popular Radcam Picnics.

2016: Publication date for Disraeli: The Novel Politician by David Desarani and Barbara Streisand: Redefining Beauty, Femininity and Power by Neal Gabler.

2017: “Bribe Cases, a Jared Kushner Partner and Potential Conflicts” published today described the interaction between the President’s son-in-law and Israel’s Steinmetz family.

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/26/us/politics/jared-kushner-beny-steinmetz.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&clickSource=story-heading&module=first-column-region&region=top-news&WT.nav=top-news&_r=0

 2017: In Vienna, Im Kinksy is scheduled to auction Portrait of a Man, a painting by a 17th century Dutch Master that had been part of a collection amassed by Adolphe Schloss which was looted by the Nazis in 1943 and which is heirs are attempting to get back to the rightful owners.

2017: Dr. Norman Cohen is scheduled to lecture on “Abraham’s Journey from Ur to Moriah” at the Streicker Center in NYC.

2017: Rod Rosenstein completed almost twelve years of service as the United States Attorney for the District of Maryland began serving as the 37thUnited States Deputy Attorney General today.

2017: Lynn Downey is scheduled to speak to the Nevada Historical Society about her book Levi Strauss” The Man Who Gave Blue Jeans to the World.

2017: The American Jewish Historical Society is scheduled to host the launch of “the third edition of Remember the Women Institute’s Women, Theatre, and the Holocaust Resource Handbook.”

2018: In Atlanta, the Bremen is scheduled to host am evening “Oud Musician and Teacher James Schneider” as he serenades the audience while sharing “the history of the Oud and Iraqi and Middle Eastern music amid tables filled with “delectable Iraqi desserts.”

2018: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to present Ruth Wisse speaking “about how her scholarship on the complex relationship between Jews and power in history informs contemporary debates.”

2018: The American Jewish Historical Society is scheduled to host “the book talk and launch of Broadway: A History of New York City in Thirteen Miles, and hear from author Fran Leadon about the extraordinary ways in which American Jews contributed to making Broadway the iconic street that it is today.”

2018: The Illinois Holocaust Museum and Educational Center is scheduled to host “Meet the Author: Fritz Bauer 1903-1968: The Man Who Found Eichmann and Put Auschwitz on Trial.”

2018: The President withdrew the nomination of Ronny Jackson who had been named to replace David Jonathan Shulkin as the United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs, the first member of the Jewish member of the Trump administration to speak out against the white supremacists in Charlottesville.

http://www.timesofisrael.com/va-secretary-david-shulkin-says-charlottesville-rally-dishonored-veterans/

2019: The Arizona Cardinals traded their starting  quarterback Josh Rosen to the Miami Dolphins.

2019: As Jews celebrated the Seventh Day of Pesach, hopefully they will pause and realize that seventy-six years ago today, the fighters of the Warsaw Ghetto were marking the day not with light of candles but with the burning wicks of Molotov Cocktails. (Due to a calendar coincidence, the secular and Jewish calendars of 1943 and 2019 are in perfect sync)

2019(21st of Nissan, 5779): Seventh Day of Pesach; Sixth Day of the Omer

2019: It was reported today that “The deputy attorney general, Rod J. Rosenstein, attacked the Obama administration, former law enforcement officials, the press and his own critics in a fiery last night that he used to defend his handling of the Russia investigation.”

2020: Congregation Mishkan Tefil is scheduled to host the second annual Mussar and Mindful Living Conference, with sessions by Alan Morinis, author of “Everyday Holiness” and founder of The Mussar Institute and Dr. Ronit Zev-Kreger, Momentum, Director of Education and Leadership Development, a virtual event facilitated by Rabbi Marcia Plumb

2020: As part of its Virtual Program Series, the American Jewish Historical Society is scheduled to host “Soapbox Yoga.”

2020: Health Minister Ya'acov Litzman will reportedly leave his post for a new cabinet position following weeks of criticism of his handling of the coronavirus crisis.”

2020: “Growing Up with Ruth and Marty” scheduled for today has been canceled by the Illinois Holocaust Museum in accordance with the recommendations of Governor Pritzker.

2020(2ndof Iyar, 5780): Based on figures already released Israelis begin the week mourning the loss of 199 of the countryman to the coronavirus.

2020: In Atlanta, “In the House of Cohen” part of the 2020 Molly Blank Concert scheduled for today has been postponed because of concern for “health and well-being” during the Pandemic.

2020: As part of the “remote Concert Series” the Jewish Children’s Regional Service is scheduled to present a concert by violinist Basil Alter.

https://www.basilalter.com/about




This Day, April 27, In Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb Levin Z"L

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April 27

399 BCE: Socrates drank hemlock as he carried out the death penalty that had been imposed on him by the government. For centuries to come some Jews would study Socrates and other Greeks, in many cases trying to find a harmony between Judaism and Greek philosophy.  Other Jews would view Socrates and the other Greeks as the mortal enemies of Judaism and go so far as to attempt to officially ban the study of their works.

711: Tarik, a Moslem general attacked southern Spain from a place known as Jebel Tarik or Gibraltar. He soon defeated Roderic, last of the Visigoth kings, at the Battle of Xeres. Tarik was helped by both the Jews and the rebel Prince Witiza. After each city was conquered - Cordova, Granada, and Malaga - the Jews were often given positions of safeguarding Moslem interests.

1220(4thof Iyar):Today after having responded “negatively” to “an ultimatum by the provincial council, held at Osney Abbey, charged with applying the Lateran decrees in England, that he must abandon his faith, Haggai of Oxford, formerly Robert of Reading, who had converted to Judaism from Christianity and married a Jewish wife in the Oxford Jewry “was burnt alive at the stake at the entrance to Osney Abbey.” (As reported by the Oxford Chabad Society)

1296: During the First War of Scottish Independence, King Edward I defeated the Scots at the Battle of Dunbar. The first written evidence of their presence dates from the last decade of the 12th century. However, nobody is sure when Jews first arrived in the land of Kilts and Pipes.  King Edward had already issued his edict of expulsion six years before the battle and it is thought that some of the Jews fleeing his realm went north to Scotland.

1495: Birthdate Suleiman the Magnificent, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire one of the most philo-Semitic rulers in history.  He built the walls around Jerusalem that impress tourists to this day.  He intervened with Pope to protect the Jews of Ancona.  He provided a haven for the Sephardim and Marranos fleeing the Inquisition.  He intervened on behalf of Dona Garcia and her nephew Joseph Nassi, bringing them to his capital from a Venetian captivity.  Nassi became a close advisor to the Sultan.  In 1564, the aging Ottoman leader gave Nassi the city of Tiberias so that Jewish refugees from Europe would have a place to settle. And that is just the tip of the iceberg!

1509: As part of what was really a temporal and not a religious dispute with the Doge, Pope Julius II places the Italian state of Venice under interdict. Fortunately for the Jews of his days, Julius was more concerned about art (he was the one who Michelangelo paint the Sistine Chapel) and power politics as can be seen with his on-going political and military confrontation with the Doge of Venice, among others. His lack of theology concerns meant that the Jews enjoyed a period of benign Papal neglect.  Furthermore, Julius II employed a Jew named Samuel Sarfatti as his personal physician. Life for the Jews living in Venice at this time was becoming increasingly precarious. Three years before this, several Jews died in violence brought on by a “blood libel” and seven years at this, the Jews would be confined to Ghetto Nuova an island containing a foundry (geto in Italian) which made it the original Ghetto.

1584: Sir Walter Raleigh dispatched an expedition to explore the area of the Atlanta Coast around Roanoke Island that probably included Joachim Gans, which made “Gans the first recorded Jew in Colonial America.”

1607: As the Inquisition took action against “Jorge de Almedia, a Portuguese residing in Mexico, the prosecuting attorney renewed the motion that he be adjudged in contumaciam(in contempt)

1667: The blind and impoverished John Milton sells the copyright of “Paradise Lost” for £10. According to Elliot Rosenberg, “Milton wrote as Puritan in the England of Cromwell’s heritage, and from a Jewish perspective he was a good man.  He respected the Hebrew Bible, read it each morning until his vision failed, and as he aged, turned more and more to the precepts of Mosaic law.  In his more worldly capacity as Cromwell’s’ Latin secretary, he may had had a hand in the negations that led to the return of Jews to England.”

1678: Spanish born Dutch-Jewish printer Joseph b. Abraham Athias “succeeded, through a Jewish agent of the Polish crown in Holland, Simon by name, in gaining still more favorable protection from the Council of the Four Lands at their meeting today in Lublin,

1694: August II, the ruler whom Naphtali Cohen would go to in an attempt “to secure reinstatement in his former rabbinate at Posen” began his reign as Elector of Saxony. His rise to power was facilitated by his “court Jew” and financier Issachar Berend Lehmann. August II was a contemporary of the Besht who was making his public personna known at about the same time as the Polish King passed away.

1701(19thof Nisan, 5461): Moses Germanus passed away.

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0019_0_18945.html

1727: Empress Catherine I ordered the expulsion of all Jews from the Ukraine.

1737:  Birthdate of English historian Edward Gibbon, author of the Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire.  In an attempt to blame Jews for anti-Semitism at least one writer has claimed that  Gibbon wrote “ that, while Jews were populous in Rome and suspected and resented by the Romans, Nero’s Jewish wife, the beautiful Poppaea Sabina, probably incited him, as a convert to her Judaism, against a relatively obscure sect, the Christians. Nero’s accusation that they had set the fires that ravaged Rome began centuries of Roman persecution of Christians.”  However, in Chapter XV: Progress Of The Christian Religion. -- Part IIof Gibbon’s classic, the historian seems to paint a picture of a Christianity’s efforts to distance itself from “Mosaic” doctrine when convenient and adopting its own version when it felt it would advance its cause.

1773: In an attempt to save the British East India Company whose first and only Jewish director was Joseph Salvador and whose records showed “that Jewish traders controlled virtually the entire World diamond traffic by the end of the 18thcentury,” today Parliament passed the “Tea Act” which gave it a monopoly on the sale of the brown liquid in North America.  

1783: In Rheinpalz, Germany Johanna and Abraham Rubel gave birth to Mayer Rubel the husband of Regina Ehrma and father of Sabina, Reuben, Esther Abraham and Joseph Rubel.

1796: In London, Hanna Montefiore and Judah Moses Ancona gave birth to Sarah Ancona.

1796(19th of Nisan 5556):The Jewish community of Fossano, Italy was miraculously saved from the hands of a murderous mob by a French bomb which landed just in time to scare away the attackers. This day was established as "Purim Fossano" in commemoration of the miraculous salvation.

For the complete story, see Purim Fossano

1798: In the Netherlands, Abraham Benjamin Cohen, the son “of Benjamin Jonas Cohen-Amesfoort and Eva Jacob Cohen” and Eva Gompertz gave birth to Henri Theodor Cohen.

1799(22ndof Nisan, 5559): Eighth Day of Pesach; Yizkor

1799: As Jews munched on their Matzah for the last time in the 18thcentury, during the “War of the Second Coaltion, Austrian and Russian forces under the command of Alexander Suvorov defeated the French army lead by Jean Moreau at the Battle of Cassano d’Adda in Lombardy which is now part of modern day of Italy.

1801: In Warrenton, NC, Norwalk, CT native Rebecca Mears Myers and Philadelphia native Jacob Mordecai who were married in 1798 gave birth to George Washington Mordecai who married Margaret Cameron in 1853.

1803(5thof Iyar, 5563):  London born jeweler’s apprentice Abraham Wagg, the holder of “a seat in the Great Synagogue who became a successful grocer and chocolate manufacturer in New York where he married Rachel Gomez, a member of the wealthy, prominent Sephardi family with whom he had ten children passed away today in the United Kingdom to which he had returned because he was a Loyalist during the American Revolution

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/wagg-abraham

1815: In Charleston, SC, David Nunes Carvalho and Judith Henriques Carvalho gave birth to Emanuel Nunes Carvalho.

1819: Isaac Harby’s “third and last play, ‘Alberti’” opened today at Charleston Theater in Charleston, SC.

1820: Birthdate of Herbert Spencer, the English biologist who coined the term “Survival of the Fittest” which he took from the world of biology and applied it to world of human social development.  This concept stands in stark contrast with the Jewish concept of creating a society that calls for us to protect “the widow, the orphan and the stranger in our midst” i.e. the weakest
1821: Sarah Mocatta and David Abarbanel Lindo gave birth to Leah David Lindon.


1821: Today, when the Greek Patriarch Gregory, head of the Greek Orthodox Church had been publicly executed, the Turkish Grand Vizier Benderli Ali Pasha was reportedly to have said to the Jews present, "Here hangs your enemy and ours."

1821(25thof Nisan, 5581): Hungarian historian and poet Solomon Löwisohn passed away today.

1822:  Birthdate of U.S. Grant, “savior of the Union” and President of the United States.  Grant did issue the infamous Order #10.  But at the same time, he had Jewish political allies, was a voluntary contributor to the building for Adas Israel, the famous congregation in Washington, D.C. the dedication of which he attended. A majority of Jews supported Grant’s election as President and this eulogy by Felix Adler adds additional proof to the fact that Grant’s Jewish contemporaries did not view him as an anti-Semite.

1824: At “York Place Queens Elm, Sophia and Nathaniel Levy gave birth to Elizabeth Levy.

1826(20thof Nisan, 5586): Sixth Day of Pesach



1826(20thof Nisan, 5586): Seventy-one year old Austrian rabbi and author Eleazar ben David Fleckeles, author of “Olat Hodesh” passed away today in his hometown of Prague.

1827: This evening in Charleston, SC, Rabbi S.C. Peixotto officiated at the wedding of Rosina Florance, the daughter of Dr. Florance to Dr. Audler of Augusta, GA.

1829: In Baden, Germany, Max Oppenheimer and his second wife Sarah gave birth to Zacharias Oppenheimer who was named in honor of Max’s father.

1832: One day after he had passed away “Feivel bar Abraham” was buried today at the “Brady Street Jewish Cemetery.”

1832: Benjamin Disraeli met his future wife “Mary Anne Wyndham Lewis at a soiree at Bulwer Lytton’s house today;” a meeting which he described : 'I was introduced by particular desire to Mrs Wyndham Lewis, a pretty little woman, a flirt and a rattle, indeed gifted with volubility I should think unequalled and of which I can convey no idea. She told me she liked silent, melancholy men. I answered that I had no doubt of it.'

1835: Founding of the 11th Regiment of the New York State Militia which was commanded by Colonel Joachim Maidhof when it went off to fight in the Civil War
1837(22nd of Nisan, 5597): Eighth Day and final day of Pesach observed for the first time in the Presidency of Martin Van Buren.


1838: A huge fire destroyed the synagogue in Charleston, S.C. Moses C. Levy, who had been worshipping there for forty years, rushed to synagogue in an attempt to save the Torah scrolls. According to an eyewitness account, he was overcome by inconsolable grief at the sight of the conflagration.

1842: In Sydney, Australia, “Samuel and Rachel (Nathan) Cohen gave birth to London educated, Australian businessman George Judah Cohen who after inheriting a portion of the fortune of his uncle David Lewis pursued a series of philanthropies while serving as Vice President of Sydney’s Great Synagogue and raised a family with his wife Rebecca Levy.

http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/cohen-george-judah-5711

http://oa.anu.edu.au/obituary/cohen-george-judah-5711

1843: In Bratislava, David and Karoline Wottitz gave birth to Moritz Wottitz.

1845(20th of Nisan): Rabbi Ezekiel Panet, author of “Mareh Yehezkel” passed away today

1846: Birthdate of Baltimore native Martin Emrich who in 1887 moved to Chicago where he was a successful businessman and Democrat Party activist who was elected to the House of Representatives for one term.

http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=E000170

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/martin-emerich

1856(22ndof Nisan, 5616): Eighth Day and final day of Pesach observed on the birth day of the Tongzhi Emperor, “the tenth emperor of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty.

1857:  Establishment of Jewish congregations in Lower Austria prohibited.

1857: It was reported today that Baron Rothschild attended an auction on Rue Druot where he expressed a dismissive view of the items being offered.

1859(23rd of Nisan, 5619): Sir Isaac Lyon Goldsmid, English financier and the first Jewish baronet passed away. “Born in London on Jan. 13, 1778 “he was the son of Asher Goldsmid, and nephew of Benjamin and Abraham Goldsmid, the financiers. Educated at an English school in Finsbury square, he received a sound financial training in the technicalities of his father's business of bullion-broking. At a later period his association with Ricardo made him familiar with the leading questions of political science. He became in due course a partner in the firm of Mocatta & Goldsmid, bullion-brokers to the Bank of England and to the East India Company. His early ventures on the Stock Exchange were unfortunate, and, after losing on one occasion £16,000, he abandoned speculation and contented himself with steady business as a jobber. Goldsmid gradually rose to eminence as a financier, and ultimately amassed a large fortune. His most extensive financial operations were connected with Portugal, Brazil, and Turkey; and for his services in settling an intricate monetary dispute between Portugal and Brazil he was, in 1846, created Baron de Palmeira by the Portuguese government. Goldsmid was one of the founders of the London Docks. The main effort of his life was made in the cause of Jewish emancipation. He was the first English Jew who took up the question, and he enlisted in its advocacy the leading Whig statesmen of the time. Soon after the passing of the Act of 1829, which removed the civil disabilities of the Roman Catholics, he secured the powerful aid of Lord Holland, the Marquis of Lansdowne, the Duke of Sussex, and other eminent members of the Liberal party, and then induced Robert Grant to introduce in the House of Commons a similar measure for the Jews. During more than two years from the time when Jewish emancipation was first debated in Parliament, Goldsmid gave little heed to his ordinary business, devoting himself almost exclusively to the advancement of the cause. He was one of the chief agents in the establishment of University College, London, purchasing at his own risk the site of the university. Goldsmid was a liberal supporter of the Reform synagogue and of all Jewish institutions (As reported by the Jewish Encyclopedia)

1860: In Vilna, Lithuania, Aaron Hourwich, a well-educated bank employee and his wife Rebecca Shevelevich gave birth to Isaac Aaronvich Hourwich the lawyer, economist and statistician who fought for social reform in both the United States in Russia and who was the husband of Louise Joffe.

http://findingaids.cjh.org/?pID=1358888

 1862: Birthdate of Rudolph Schildkraut, the son of Constantinople hotel owners who grew up on Romania before moving to Austria where he pursued a career as an actor before moving to United States in the 1920’s.

1864(21stof Nisan, 5624): Seventh Day of Pesach

1864: As Jews munched their Matzahs, Union Armies under Meade and Sherman broke camp and headed South to start General Grant’s national campaign designed to crush the Confederate Armies under General Lee and General Johnston which he knew was the key to ending the Civil War.

1865(1stof Iyar, 5625): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1865: In San Bernardino, CA, Isaac H. Levy and Johanna Gans gave birth to Meyer H. Levy, a member of numerous Jewish communal organizations including the Pacific Hebrew Orphan Asylum and Home Society, the husband of Rose Anita Harris and the author of “numerous reports and articles pertaining to the Jewish charities of San Francisco.”

1865: The New York State Senate creates Cornell University as the state’s land grant university. According to recent figures, Cornell has 13,800 undergrads, 5000 of whom are a Jewish.  It has 3000 graduate students of whom approximately 500 are Jewish.  The school offers sixteen courses in Jewish Studies.  Students may major or minor in the subject.

1865: “April 27, 1865” by Emma Lazarus

http://rogerjnorton.com/LincolnDiscussionSymposium/thread-2305.html

1866: As another sign of how it has changed from a medical facility for indigent Jews to a community hospital, Officer Milcahy sent Herman Deutch to the Jews' Hospital after he had been stabbed with a carpenters chisel during a drunken brawl with Rudolph Schriever.

 1866: In New York City, Levi Morris was arrested today on charges that he had attempted to leave the store of David Valentine &Co with three pieces of silk, valued at more than sixty dollars, for which he had not paid.

1866:Fromental Halevy’s grand opera, “Charles VI” was performed for the first time in Batavia, Indonesia.

1867(22ndof Nisan, 5627): Eighth Day of Pesach

1867: At the Crystal Palace in London, first performance of Piano Concerto [No.2] in E flat, Op.89 composed Julius Benedict, the Stuttgart, Germany born “son of a Jewish Banker.

1868: Mlle. Janauschek gave a performance of "Deborah" tonight at the Academy in New York City where "she presented her enthusiastic conception of the ideal Hebrew maiden."

1869: In New York, Jacob Harris and his wife gave birth to composer and conductor Victor Harris, the husband of the former Catherine L. Richardson and the father of Cecilia, Victor, David and Mary Harris.

https://adp.library.ucsb.edu/index.php/talent/detail/50056/Harris_Victor_composer

1870: In Prasnysz, Poland, Amalie Grinberg, the daughter of Rabbi Zvi Hirsch Kalischer and Henrietta (Gütel) Kalischer and her husband of Moritz Grünberg gave birth to  Nataly Grünberg

1875: Birthdate of Louisville, KY, native and architect William G. Tachau who as partner in the firm of Pilcher and Tachau designed Mikveh Israel, Gratz College and Dropsie College for Hebrew and Cognate Learning all of which were located in Philadelphia.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1969/01/19/90040073.pdf

https://www.peoplemaven.com/p/K62EoG/william-g.-tachau

1880: Obituary of Joseph Seligman expressed surprise at his sudden death and recounted his distinguished career.

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9407E0D91F31EE3ABC4F51DFB266838B699FDE

1880 Birthdate of Russian born Rabbi Leon Album, the University of Chicago and Stanford University alum who was the husband of Amelia Album with whom he raised two children – Selma and Manuel Album, the “dentist who was a pioneer in the care of children and the handicapped.”

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1960/03/27/119099940.pdf

1881: Benjamin J and Eliza (Cohn) Goldsmith gave birth to Cornell undergrad and Columbia trained attorney Irving Islington Goldsmith who rose to the rank of 1stLt. while serving with the U.S. Army in WW I and who was a partner in the Saratoga Springs, NY law firm of Schwartz, Slade, Harrington and Goldsmith

1881: A Pogrom began in Elisabethgrad

1881: Yesterday and todays attacks on the Jews of Kiev “were encouraged by the authorities” and “the promoters of the persecution of the Jews” acted with “impunity.” (As described by the Vienna correspondent for the London Telegraph)

1882: “More Room for Patients” published today described the remodeling project at Mount Sinai Hospital.

1882: Samuel Ellis, the husband of Esther Aarons, was buried today at the “Balls Pond Road Jewish Cemetery.”

1884: Jesse Seligman, the President of the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum Society, gave his report at today’s annual meeting.  According to Seligman, the asylum served 361 boys and that the institution had total assets of almost three hundred thousand dollars.

1885: In New York, a jury was chosen to hear the case in which Ferdinand Mayer, a Jewish businessman is charged with having committed perjury and is represented by Albert Cardozo.

1886(22nd of Nisan, 5646): 8th day of Pesach

1887: Certificates of incorporation for a Talmud Torah in Brooklyn were filed in the County Clerk’s office.

1889: In the Ukraine “Joseph Yussel Handelman and Dobrish (Dora) Handelman”  gave birth to Abraham Handlelman,  the husband of Anna (Boorstein( Handelman with whom he had two children – Lillian and Arnold

1890: “Mr. Delaney’s Little Scheme” published today described efforts by of one of the incumbent Tax Commissioners to thwart the plans of Mayor Nathan Barnett, the city’s first Jewish mayor, to appoint a new person to the position.

1890: Based on testimony given to the sub-committee of the Joint Congressional Committee on Immigration it was reported today of the 25,000 Jewish immigrants who have come to the United States, 17,000 were Russians and Poles.  There are approximately 500,000 Jews living in the United States of whom 130,000 reside in New York City.

1890: The Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum Society held its annual meeting today.

1890: Henry Seligman was re-elected President at today’s annual meeting of the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum Society.  Seligman delivered the society’s 67th annual report which included the information that the Asylum had cared for 559 youngsters in the past year.

1891(19thof Nisan, 5651): Fifty-eight year old Rabbi Joachim Oppenheim, the husband of Helen Pund and the father of Berthold Oppenheim passed away today in Berlin.

1894(21stof Nisan, 5654): Seventh Day of Pesach

1894: A circular describing the dangers of consumption and providing about ways to avoid contracting is being printed in several different languages, including Hebrew, in an attempt to reach New York’s large immigrant population

1896(14thof Iyar, 5656): Pesach Sheni

1896: “A Large Betrothal Reception” published today described the engagement party held for Lucien Bonehur and Ameila Simon.  Bonehour is the President of the Young Ladies and Gentlemen’s League of the Montefiore Home, Vice President of the Young Men’s Hebrew Association and Manager of the Educational Fair.  He is also the nephew of Rosa Bonheur, the famous painter. Miss Simon is the Secretary of the Young Ladies and Gentlemen’s League of the Montefiore Home.

1897: Birthdate of New York native Noel Nathaniel Moscovitch who gained fame as movie actor Noel Madison.

1897: “Jews Barred from Romania” published today described a reported given to the U.S. State Department “that the government of Romania has prohibited the entry of Jews into that country.”

1898: B. Albert Lieberman was commissioned as 2nd Lt. in the 3rdMissouri Infantry.

1899: Eleven months after being mustered into U.S. Service, the 4thVirginia Volunteer Infantry whose members included Corporal William D Kahn from Phoebus, Private Julius T. Lansberg from Norfolk and Captain Bernard W Solomonsky from Norfolk was mustered out of U.S. Service.

1899: Reverend Madison C. Peters, the author of Justice to the Jews, The Wit and Wisdom of the Talmud and The Jew as a Patriot defended himself against the accusations leveled against him Lionel de R. Cohen of London

1899: In “Dr. Peters Advised to Study” published today Frances Freda praises Lionel de R. Cohen’s negative comments about the views of Reverend Madison Peters

1900 Dr. Maurice H. Harris, the Rabbi at Temple Israel in Harlem released a letter today “to the Jewish press of America” in which he calls attention to the fifty million people starving in India during its latest famine using words that paraphrases Pirke Avot --“The time is short, the work is great, the necessity is urgent; we ae not expect to finsh the work but we are not exempt from doing our share” – and then ends by asking for each person to contribute “two dollars which will save a life until harvest.”

1901: On Shabbat, Rabbi Henry Pereira Mendes delivered a sermon at Shearith Israel in which he described the work of the Alliance Israelite Universelle.

1902: Henry Rice and other officers of the United Hebrew Charities expressed their confidence that members of the Jewish community would raise the $50,000 necessary to match the $50,000 gift from William Guggenheim.  Guggenheim’s contribution is contingent on the UHC raising a similar amount.

1902: The New York Times reports that macaroons, an Italian delicacy, have become quite popular during the Passover holiday with Jews living on the Lower East Side

1903(1st of Iyar, 5663): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1903: Samuel Dort, Grand Master of the Order of Brith Abraham presided over a mass held this evening in the synagogue at 316 East Fourth Street in New York “to protest against the massacre of the Jews in Kishinev Russia last week.”

1904: Mr. and Mrs. Rogers Pinner gave birth to Karl Pinner

1905(22nd of Nisan, 5665): Eighth and final day of Pesach

1905: Birthdate of Aiken, SC native Anna G. Efron

1906: As Russia prepares to live under a new “Fundamental Law” or Constitution, it was reported today that a coalition of Russians, Letts, Estonians and Jews had combined to defeat the German landowners seeking to become electors from the Baltic Provinces proving that politics does indeed make for strange bedfellows.

1907: On the day after the dissolution of Klauber, Horn and Company, Samuel David Klauber formed Klauber Brothers and Company which made no profits in its first six months of operation at which time Kaluber passed away.

1908(26th of Nisan, 5668): Fifty-five year old Jacob Voorsanger, the native of the Netherlands who has been serving as the rabbi at San Francisco’s Congregation Emanu-El since 1889 passed away today.

1908: Freud's early followers met together formally for the first time at the Hotel Bristol, Salzburg

1909: Sultan of Turkey Abdul Hamid II is overthrown, and is succeeded by his brother - Mehemed V. Sultan Abdul Hamid II is famous for his refusal to allow Dr. Theodore Herzl, the founder of Political Zionism, to settle Palestine with Jewish colonists.  But this does not mean that he was unsympathetic to his Jewish subjects or that Jews were kept from settling in other parts of Turkey. Abdul Hamid IIwas born in 1842 and died in 1918. During his reign, Turkey was defeated in a war with the Russians.  As a result of the Treaty of Berlin, the Turks lost a substantial amount of their holdings in the Balkans.  This triggered a migration of Turks and Jews into the remaining lands of the Ottoman Empire. Abdul Hamid made plans for an influx 200,000 Jewish immigrants from Russia. Jews played an ever more active role in Turkish affairs.  Several Jewish leaders played prominent roles in the Parliament. Turkish Jews participated in special festivities celebrating the 400th anniversary of their arrival from Spain. After the Alfred Dreyfus case, Herzl made three visits to Turkey (1898, 1901 and 1903) in attempt to see the Sultan.  It was on his third voyage that he was finally granted one through the intervention of the Chief Rabbi, Moshe Levy. The Sultan received him and Herzl tried to obtain a Jewish homeland under the protection of the Sultan under the same statutes as the Island of Crete.

1909(6th of Iyar, 5669): Heinrich Conried, the Austrian born theatrical manager who became director of the Metropolitan Opera passed away today.

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=F40D17F63A5512738DDDAE0A94DC405B898CF1D3



1909: It was reported today that “The executors of the estate of the late Louis A. Heinsheimer of the banking house of Kuhn, Loeb Co., 52 William Street, will hold a conference in the near future to discuss whether it is possible to make available the $1,000,000 that Mr. Heinsheimer willed to six Jewish benevolent institutions on the condition that those institutions shall form a confederation.”

1910: “Supreme Court Justice Greenbaum, Jacob H. Schiff, the banker; Cyrus L. Sulzberger, President of the United Hebrew Charities; Dr. L. Rosenberg, Superintendent of the Bedford Sanitarium, and Dr. Maurice Fishberg united tonight at the Educational Alliance in East Broadway in urging the people of the lower east side to move out of that section if they wished to escape the menace of tuberculosis.:

1911: Today, The Jewish Chronicle stated that it is rumored that Sir Mathew Nathan, the former Governor of Natal will become the next “British Resident in Egypt” which would make him the first Jew since Joseph to “have taken the most prominent place in the government of Egypt.”

1912(10th of Iyar, 5672): Parashat Kedoshim

1912: Dr. Judah Magnes presided over the third annual convention of the Kehillah or Jewish Community which opened tonight with “Jacob Schiff offering memorial resolution for the Jews who had lost their lives on the Titanic including, Benjamin Guggenheim, Henry B. Harris, Edgar J. Mayer, George Rosenchein, Benjamin L Foreman and Mr. and Mrs. Isidor Strauss” after which “the whole gathering a rose in silence as the resolution was put to a vote.”

1913(20th of Nisan, 5673): Sixth of Pesach         

1913:At 3:00 a.m. the police received a call from the factory's night watchman, Newt Lee, reporting the discovery of a dead girl who was in fact Mary Phagan

1913: In Chicago, at Sinai Temple Rabbi Emil G. Hirsch will oversee Pesach and Confirmation Services which will be led by the students.

1913: In Manhattan, Marcus and Celia Adler, two Jewish immigrants from Poland, gave birth to “Irving Adler, a former New York City teacher who became a prolific writer of books on math and science for young people after being forced from the classroom during the Red Scare of the early 1950s…” (As reported by Dennis Hevesi)

1913:Dr. Samuel Schulman delivered his last lecture for the season today at the Temple Beth-El in New York. It was on the “Song of Songs.” He talked combined the themes of Passover and the ideal woman as presented in this book of the Bible.  “The love of nature, the love of woman, the love country and the love of god – that is what the book, the Songs of songs teach us.  That is every Passover the book Song of Songs is read.”

1913: Rabbi Joseph Stolz is scheduled to deliver a sermon “An Old Love Song” at the Isaiah Temple in Chicago.

1914: During the second day of the Fifth Assembly of the Eastern Council of Reformed Rabbis a luncheon was given in honor of Adolph Lewisohn, the founder of the Lewisohn Lectureship.

1914(1stof Iyar, 5674): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1914(1stof Iyar, 5674): Fifty-six year old James Doppelmayer, the Marshall, TX born son of Meyer and Rosalie Doppelmayer, the husband of Bella Davis Doppelmayer and the father of Marguerite, Walter and Rose Marie Doppelmayer who worked in the family dry goods store with his brother Moses passed away today in Marshall where his father Meyer and his Uncle Daniel and his Uncle Isaac Woolf had arrived in the 1850’s which later led to his cousin Joe Weisman settling there, passed away today.

1915: During the Gallipoli Campaign, the 300 men serving under Colonel John H .Patterson in the Zion Mule Corps landed off the Dundernoon.  Despite having had only three weeks of training, the Mule Corps served with distinction.

1915: Birthdate of Abraham Judah Klausner the native of Memphis, TN who was one of five children of Rabbi Joseph Klausner and Tillie Binstalk Klausner. After graduating from Hebrew Union College in 1941 he served as “a Jewish chaplain in the United States Army who arrived at the Dachau concentration camp a few days after its liberation in 1945 and a strong voice for thousands of Holocaust survivors who remained in displaced persons camps for years after the war…(As reported by Dennis Hevesi)

1916: One day after he had passed away, 68 year old Israel Miller, the husband of the former Liba Nachama, with whom he had had five children was buried at the “Belfast Jewish Cemetery” in Northern Ireland.

1916: “Joseph Barondess, Chairman of the Jewish Congress Organization Committee sent word to the newspapers tonight that news had been received by the committee that a massacre of Jews had been arranged by reactionaries in Russia, to begin with the Easter holiday, which under the Greek calendar will be in about two weeks.”



1916: In an example of Jews versus Jews, the efforts of the Mayor of New “to avert a lockout of more than 60,000 workers in the cloak and suit industry by offering their services as mediator came to naught” tonight “when the Executive committee of the Cloak and Suit Manufacturers’ Protective Association decided the that they close shop immediately” in what is called a lockout” and “fight the union.” (A number of the clothing manufacturers were Jewish and a large number of the workers in the garment industry were also Jewish.)

1916: As a threat of a work stoppage in New York’s garment industry seem to become a reality, Dr. Felix Adler, a member of the Council Conciliation could not be reached.

1916: “Benjamin Schlesinger, President of the International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union said that if the manufacturers carried out their threat of a lockout the entire (garment) industry would be tied up next week.”

1917: U.S. Ambassador Francis sent a cable today from Petrograd to the United States Department in response to a message “sent by Louis Marshall, Henry Morgenthau, Jacob H. Schiff, Oscar Straus and Julius Rosenwald of the American Jewish Committee to the Russian Foreign Minister” which said that “the Russian Provisional Government is very appreciative of the sympathy of American Jews,” realizes the threat posed by German militarism and will not make a separate peace with Germany.

1917: “A.B. Leah & Co., investment bankers, who had made a specialty of Russian securities received today from A. Oppenheim, their Petrograd representative, a cable message which said that conditions in Russia were ‘very satisfactory’ and announcing that the new Government loan was a ‘complete success’ with Jews participating largely in the purchase of the bonds.”

1917: “It was announced today that a Poale-Zion ‘tag day’ would be held in May to raise funds for the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.

1917: Dr. M.H. Harris is scheduled to deliver a sermon on “Our Duty to America” at Tempe Israel of Harlem.

1917: Adolph Lewisohn who has previously not been a supporter of the Zionist movement “authoritzed the Provision Executive Committee for General Zionist Affairs to issue a statement tonight beginning “I think favorably of the establishment of a Jewish State in Palestine and hope that the League to Enforce Peace will include the Jewish nation among those small nationalities which ought to be liberated and protected.”

1917: Albert Lucas, the Executive Secretary of the Joint Distribution Committee, was quoted today as having said that “in Constantinople there a 60,000 destitute Jews” of whom thanks to “the efforts of the American Jewry” 20,000 “are enabled to get one meal – only a bowl of soup of some kind – every other day.”

1918: A cable was received today by the Provisional Zionist Committee of New York City describing “the reception accorded to the Jewish Administrative Commission when it arrived at Jerusalem where it was greeted by several dignitaries including the Orthodox rabbis representing the Ashkenazi and Sephardi Jews and the Colonel Storrs, the British Military Governor.

1919: Else Lasker-Schüler’s her first and most important play, Die Wupper, was performed for the first time at the Deutsche Theatre in Berlin.

1920: In Vienna, violence aimed at Jews continued with German students attacking Jewish students with swords and canes and a riot broke out when Monarchist students barred Jews, socialists and several eminent professors from entering.

1921(19thof Nisan, 5681): Fifth Day of Pesach



1921: As part of the peace settlement ending World War I, Germany is ordered to pay 132 billion gold marks in reparations.  The economic dislocations that would be caused by these reparation payments are given as one of the underlying causes for the disintegration of the inter-war German economy and society and the rise of Hitler.

1921: In Chicago, Robert Tandler Mack, the son of Rebecca and William Jacob Mack and Jeanette Mack gave birth Robert Tandler Mack, Jr, the author of Raising the World’s Standard of Living who was the husband of Doris Mack and the father of Robert Tandler Mack III

https://www.amazon.com/Raising-Worlds-Standard-Living-Tandler/dp/1258197340

1921: In The Bronx, Alfred C. Nietzel and Ruth Laence gave birth Alfred B. Nietzel who was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor during the Battle of the Hurtgen Forest in November, 1944.  The citation for the award read in part “"That afternoon, Sergeant Nietzel fought tenaciously to repel a vicious enemy attack against his unit. Sergeant Nietzel employed accurate, intense fire from his machine gun and successfully slowed the hostile advance. However, the overwhelming enemy force continued to press forward. Realizing he desperately needed reinforcements, Sergeant Nietzel ordered the three remaining members of his squad to return to the company command post and secure aid. He immediately turned his attention to covering their movement with his fire. After expending all his machine gun ammunition, Sergeant Nietzel began firing his rifle into the attacking ranks until he was killed by the explosion of an enemy grenade.”

1922(29thof Nisan, 5682): Seventy-four year old Russian born “Jewish scholar” and Rabbi Simon Zaretsky, the founder of “Congregation Anshe Oshmane and the husband of Dora Zaretsky with whom he had five children passed away today.

1922: Birthdate of Manfred Gans. When he was 16 when his parents sent him to England, fearing for his life as a Jew in Nazi Germany, and when war broke out he clamored to join the British armed forces. Finally he was accepted, his fluency in German earning him a spot with a secret commando unit.”  As a Captain in the British Army, he helped free his hometown, the ancient walled city of Borken His house, on the outskirts of town, had been used as a Nazi headquarters; the wine cellar was a torture chamber. His parents, Moritz and Else Fraenkel Gans, had been taken away. Eventually Ganz was able to trace them Theresienstadt where they were re-united.

1922:  Birthdate of Jack Klugman.  Born in Philadelphia, Klugman had a very successful career on the stage, film and television.  Like all good Jewish boys, he was a doctor - in this case Quincy, the Medical Examiner.  Many of you remember him as Oscar Madison in the Odd Couple.  The oddest thing about this television version The Odd Couple is that Tony Randall (born Leonard Rosenberg) was Jewish giving a whole new dimension to the term popularized by the Jewish playwright Neil Simon.

1927: Austrian born American composer Maximilian Raoul "Max" Steiner married Audree van Lieu today.

1928: In the Bronx, “Meier Weintraub, who owned a toy and baby-carriage business, and the former Anna Bogatz” gave birth to Fred Robert Tucker, the Bar Mitzvah student of Metropolitan Opera star Richard Tucker, the driving force behind the Bitter End, a cultural force that reached far beyond Greenwich Village.

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/07/arts/music/fred-weintraub-dead-bitter-end-nightclub-founder.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

1931: “The Budapest Rabbinate has proclaimed” today a “fast day in commemoration “ of the shooting earlier this month at the Great Synagogue in the Tabek Gasse during Emil Zatloka shot four Jews -- Tauglich, Ignatz Pinter, Leo Kera, and Eugen Roth (As reported by JTA)

1931: It was reported today that the speakers at the testimonial dinner for Herbert D. Perlman included Solomon Schelinsky, Leon Sanders, Mrs. David de Sola Pool, Max Silverstein, Samuel Koenig, Albert Ottinger and Magistrate Adolph Stern.

1931: Birthdate of refusenik and Israeli economist Ida Nuel.

1932: The New Republic published “The Supreme Court and a Balanced Budget” by Felix Frankfurter.

http://www.newrepublic.com/authors/felix-frankfurter

1932(21stof Nisan, 5692): Seventh Day of Pesach

1932(21stof Nisan, 5692): Forty-two year old Sutter, CA native Otto Oscar Dannenberg, “the youngest child of Charles and Mary Amanda Dannenberg and husband Iceophine Elsie Zimmerman passed away today after which he was buried in Dixon, CA.

1933: The American Jewish Congress and other organizations continued preparations for a march to be held on May 10 in New York to protest Germany’s treatment of her Jewish population. At the same, the American Jewish Committee and its allies issued a statement opposing the upcoming event as “futile.”  “They serve only as an ineffectual channel for the release of emotion.”

1933:  The German government prohibited the practice of ritual Jewish slaughter of animals for meat.

1933:Denouncing the persecutions and discriminations practiced against Jews in Germany by the Hitler government, the American Jewish committee, acting in conjunction with the B'nai B'rith, Jewish fraternal organization, issued a statement today disapproving boycotts, parades and mass meetings as measures for bringing relief to the sufferers.

1933: Otto Blumenthal, a German mathematician who converted to Christianity as young student,was arrested and detained. He had been denounced as a communist by the Aachen Student Association, certainly a false accusation, and after two weeks he was released but he was suspended from his teaching duties at the university. The official reasons were not racial, but rather cited his involvement with the German League for Human Rights and the Society of Friends of the New Russia.”  In other words he was not arrested because under German racial laws, he was a Jew because his parents were Jews.  

1934: Premiere of “Liliom,” a “French fantasy film” directed by Fritz Lang whose Jewish converted to Catholicism with music by Franz Waxman.

1934:  George Gershwin and George S. Kaufman are among those sponsoring t “The Film and Photo League” motion picture costume ball scheduled to take place this evening which also include a photo exhibit of the works of Ralph Steiner.

1935: In Brooklyn, Dorothy Alter, a housewife and her husband Morris, the owner of “lamp repair shop” gave birth to Lean Rose Napolin the Alfred University graduate who gained fame as the playwright who created the Broadway hit “Yentl.” (As reported by Neil Genzlinger)

https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/16/obituaries/leah-napolin-whose-yentl-adaptation-made-broadway-dies-at-83.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

1935: In Syria, Beirut banker Jacob Sifra who founded Banco Safra in São Paulo and his wife gave birth Moise Y. Safra who followed in his father’s Brazilian Banking footsteps.

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/17/business/international/moise-safra-banker-and-philanthropist-dies-at-79.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&_r=0

1936: It was reported that Rabbi Stephen S. Wise told a meeting of 1,500 at the Hotel Astor that an additional $150,000 was being raised in addition to the $3,500,000 already being raised by the United Palestine Appeal Campaign in response to the recent outbreak of violence in Palestine.

1936: In Berlin, “the Official Gazette announced today that two scholarships of the Felix Mendelsohnn-Bartholdi Foundation would be awarded in October this year to talented and diligent music students” who can present data proving that they are not Jews” which based on Nazi race laws Mendelssohn was and his music has been officially banned for that reason.

1937: “Officials of B’nai B’rith said today they had been given to understand that Secretary of State Cordell Hull, in a letter to be sent soon to Alfred M. Cohen of Cincinnati, the president of the organization, would set forth his views concerning the recent dissolution of B’nai B’rith in Germany.

1938:  The Palestine Post reported from Warsaw that the Polish Vice-Prime Minister, Professor Kwiatkowski, declared that his Government intends to pursue a vigorous policy of Polonization of cities and trade and will further the emigration of all non-Polish elements. This statement was seen as a call for a further intensification of the economic boycott and a direct threat to the existence of the three-and-a half million strong Jewish Polish community.

1938: Lev Landau, the head of the Theoretical Division at the Institute for Physical Problems, was arrested by the NKVD and sent to Lubyanka prison for comparing “the Stalinist dictatorship to Hitler.”

1939: There is hope in Hungary that both house of parliament will pass the “compromised Jewish bill” “which provides that all persons whose ancestors live in Hungary prior to 1848 and who were them sleves baptized for August 1, 1919 shall be recognized as non-Jews apart from certain disqualifications to which are also subject.” (Editor’s note – in the end the tap-dance would not matter to the mass of Jews sent to Auschwitz in 1944.)

1939: Today, “American authorities are investigating the case of Leib Schenker a Galician born Jew and American citizen now imprisoned at Reichenberg having been charged with complicity in plot to kill Hiterl

1940:  British Foreign Office official H. F. Downie argued that the Jews are "enemies just as the Germans are, but in a more insidious way," and that "our two sets of enemies [Nazis and Jews] are linked together by secret and evil bonds."

1940:  Himmler ordered the establishment of Auschwitz Concentration Camp

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/auschwitz-birkenau-concentration-camp

1941:  German troops occupied Athens Greece.  This would be the opening act in a tragic drama that would lead to the demise of the very old, Greek Jewish Community, including the Jews of Salonika.

1942:  Jews living in Belgium were forced to wear stars.

1942:  Jews throughout Greater Germany were prohibited from taking public transport.

1942:  One thousand Jews were deported from the Theresienstadt Ghetto to Izbica Lubelska, Poland; only one person survived - a woman who escaped after arrival. Other Theresienstadt deportees were sent to their deaths at the Sobibór and Belzec extermination camps.

1942(10thof Iyar, 5702): Eleven year old Ruth Bachrachova was murdered today at Isbica.







1942(10th of Iyar, 5702): The Nazis executed 60 Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto. Among the victims were people suspected of being involved with the ghetto's underground newspaper.


1942: The deportations continued as a thousand Jews were sent from so called show case ghetto of Theresienstadt to Izbica. Eventually these unfortunate souls would up Sobibor or Belzec.


1942: After three days, the liquidation of the Wloclawek Ghetto was completed when the remaining Jews were sent to Chelmno.

1943(22nd of Nisan, 5703):Cantor Gershon Yitzchak Sirota “was murdered with his entire family during the destruction of the Warsaw Ghetto on the last day of Passover.” Gershon Sirota was born in Podolia Guberne in 1874. When just a young child, he was already helping his father, a noted cantor, to conduct services in the local synagogue. Soon his parents moved to Odessa and Gershon's wonderful voice began to become well known. Yakovkin, cantor Yankel Seroka's choir director at the Shalashner Shul immediately offered the young Sirota a position in his choir. Shortly afterwards, Sirota was introduced to Baron Kalbos, the director of a Music Conservatory, and admitted on a scholarship. Gershon quickly made great stridges in his musical education and, as a result, was assigned larger solos in Yakovkin's choir. One Shabbat morning Sirota was asked to sing in the Shalashner Shul. After his magnificent performance he was appointed Assistant Cantor, with the salary of 100 rubels a month. It was not long before Yankel Seroka came complaining to Gershon's father that his young son ws trying to take away his position. Sirota resigned and accepted the Cantorial post at the Prikashtchikes Shul in Odessa.

In 1896 Sirota became Cantor of the famous Vilna Shtat Synagogue, where he remained for nine years. There is choir directors were Yitzchak Schlossberg, Nathan Abramson and later Leo Loew. When Leo Loew became choir director, he arranged for a special concert, in which Cantor Sirota sang with the accompaniment of a large, newly founded choir. This concert was a tremendous success and the newspapers wrote enthusiastic reviews. He and Leo Loew began to receive invitations from Bialystok, Grodno, Minsk and other Russian cities to make new concerts. Sirota's appearances were so well received and praised that Svatopolk-Mirsky, the Russian Gubernator General decided to visit the Vilna Shtat Synagogue to hear Sirota. A few days later, the General sent a letter to the Czar's wife, Maria Feodorovna, highly praising the young cantor's talent. She requested that he perform at a concert sponsored for the benefit for the Vilna Institution for the Blind. Shortly arfterwards, Gershon Sirota was called to St. Petersburg to give a series of concerts before Czar Nicholas II. He was then asked to give yearly concerts in St. Petersburg, and Moscow by Imperial Command. The publicity of Sirota's name soon came to the attention of the major recording companies in Europe. In 1903, twelve records of Sirota's liturgical selections were released. This event achieved for him the great honor of being the first Cantor to record his voice of phonograph records. His recordings were distributed throughout Europe and later appeared in America. The medium of these records soon made Sirota's name world famous, even though he had not yet appeared in many of the countries which his records had already reached. Meanwhile, in Warsaw, the directors of the Tlomackie Synagogue were looking for a new Cantor. Gretzhandler, who had held the Cantorial post, was now old and the Synagogue needed a fitting successor to take his place. They offered Sirota the position because of his great popularity and Cantorial ability. He was thirty-one years old when he accepted the position, which he held for nineteen years. In February 1912, Cantor Sirota made the first of what was to be many concert tours of America. He appeared at Carnegie Hall, The Hippodrome, and the Academy of Music in New York before making tours to the other large cities.

During 1913 he returned again on another concert tour, appearing at Kessler's Theatre, The New Star Casino, The Palace Garden, and Carnegie Hall.  His third American visit in 1921 began with an appearance at the Metropolitan Opera House, accompanied by Meyer Machtenberg's hundred voice choir. Arturo Toscanini and the famous Opera Star Joseph Schwartz were among the prominent celebrities who attended the concert. He then conducted services in many famous Synagogues, singing for the High Holy Days at the Kalvariah Shul in Harlem. During the seasons of 1924, 1925, and 1927, he also officiated in New York for the Yamim Noraim. When he returned to Europe (after conducting services at the Bronx Winter Garden for the Benefit of the Beit HaMidrash HaGadol of Harlem in 1927), the Tlomackie Synagogue had already chosen a Cantor to replace him. They took this action, because they were very disturbed about his constantly leaving them to daven elsewhere in America for the High Holy Days.In 1935, Sirota became Cantor of the Norzick Shul. That year, a concert was held in his honor at the Warsaw Coliseum and he also made a trip to Israel. There he conducted services for the High Holy Days at Magrabi Theatre.His last trip to America was made in 1938, when he davened for the Yamim Noraim in Chicago and during Succot in Milwaukee. He then returned to Europe, after receiving a telegram that his wife was critically ill in Warsaw. With the outbreak of the war, Sirota was imprisoned in the Warsaw Ghetto with his family and the other Jews of the city. He conducted High Holy Day Services in the Warsaw Ghetto in 1941



1943: The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising continued into its third week.  This is amazing when you consider that France with a modern Army surrendered to the Nazis after six weeks. By now thousands of Jews were being rounded up and marched away. But the Jews continued their counter attacks from rooftops above, doorways and windows. Jewish women and children huddled in buildings, staying with their armed protectors fleeing only when those structures were set on fire by the advancing Nazis.

1943: Eminent American poet Ezra Pound continued his anti-Semitic broadcasts from Italy. He called the Jews "rats,""bedbugs,""vermin,""worms,""bacilli," and "parasites" who constitute an overwhelming "power of putrefaction."

1943: During WW II, G.I. (and future New York Mayor) Ed Koch wrote “I’m tired but not dismayed. The chow (chili con carne) was terrible but I scraped the plate. It will be a long time before I’ll get used to the open latrine. The fellows in the bunk are pretty good. Mother acted fine in the station. I think that I’ll get along fine. . . . The beer stinks, it leaves a taste in my mouth.

1943: "The United States Vice Counsel in Casablanca reported that 'it seems indubitable that there is a systematic persecution of the Jews by the Pasha of Beni-Mella.'  Jews had been expelled from their homes and shops for up to a week and 'arbitrary economic measures had been directed against them, including a ban on any Jewish trade in vegetables or poultry.  There had also been random arrests and beatings...David Cohen, who half-blind, was sentenced to six weeks in prison for not saluting a Muslim official." [For more on this see Gilbert's "In Ishmael's House" and Statloff's "Among the Righteous"]

1944: Psychoanalyst Helene Deutsch published the first of two volumes of The Psychology of Women. http://jwa.org/thisweek/apr/27/1944/helene-deutsch

1945:  Mussolini and his mistress were caught while trying to escape outside of Lake Como. They were executed and their bodies were brought to Milan where the next day they were hung up by their heels from lampposts, then cut down, and mutilated.  When Hitler heard of this, supposedly, he made his decision to take his own life and have his body burned.  He was afraid of being captured by the Russians and/or having his corpse savaged by those upon whom he had unleashed so much misery.

1945: The British Parliamentary Delegation organized at the request of Churchill in order that they would have first hand, visual proof German atrocities reached Buchenwald where they saw a “half-naked skeleton tottering painfully along the passage as though on stilts” who “drew himself …smiled and saluted” as the delegates approached.

1945: An original typescript of the Nuremberg Laws signed by Hitler was found today by the 203rd Detachment of the U.S. Army's Counter-Intelligence Corps (CIC), commanded by Martin Dannenberg, in Eichstätt, Bavaria.

1945: 2nd Lt. William Robertson (U.S. Army) and Lt. Alexander Silvashko (Red Army) posed for a formal picture signifying the final link up of the two armies at the Elbe River.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Happy_2nd_Lieutenant_William_Robertson_and_Lt._Alexander_Sylvashko,_Russian_Army,_shown_in_front_of_sign_(East_Meets..._-_NARA_-_531276.tif

1946(26thof Nisan, 5706): Parashat Achrei Mot

1946(26thof Nisan, 5706): Fifty-nine year old Russian born, NYU graduate Boris Fingerhood, “one of the founders of Israel Zion Hospital” who had married Mrs. Sylvia Golden after his first wife Nadezhda Finerghood had passed away died today at his home.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1946/04/28/91613055.pdf

1946: In separate speeches the Premier of Iraq and Ahmed bey Shukairy head of the Arab Office in Palestine threatened unspecified action that “will not be word” should the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry recommend the admission of any additional Jewish immigrants to Palestine. The Iraqi premier promised action, not just on the part of his country, but on the part of the Arab League as well.

1946: After 657 performances the curtain came down on the original Broadway production of “Bloomer Girl,” a musical with lyrics by E.Y. Harburg and a score by Harold Arlen

1946: U.S. premiere of “The Glass Alibi” directed and produced by W. Lee Wilder.

1947: “Representatives of member states of the Arab League met for four hours” tonight “to pan strategy to force inclusion of their demands for the immediate independence of Palestine on the agenda of the special session of the United Nations General Assembly.”

1948(18thof Nisan, 5708): Fourth Day of Pesach

1948: During the Israeli War for Independence, the British landed a tank battalion and an artillery regiment at Jaffa.  Ernest Bevin, the British Foreign Minister, informed the British commanders that they must prevent the capture of Jaffa by the Jews ‘at all costs’.”  The British artillery shelled Haganah units and British aircraft attacked Jewish settlements in the area.  This is an example of the “even handed” policy pursued by the British during this period.

1948:  The Arab Legion crossed the Jordan River on the “road bridge” near the town of Gesher, a Jewish settlement.  The Arab Legion was the name given to the army of what is now the Kingdom of Jordan.  It was trained, equipped and officered by the British.  It was the most effective fighting force in the Middle East.  The Jordanians crossed the river with intention of seizing a police fort and the town of Gesher.  The Jewish settlers were told evacuate within an hour and to turn the fort over to the Arab Legion.  The Jews refused to leave and the Legion attacked.  So confident were they of success that the heir to the Jordanian throne had come to watch what was sure to be a victorious battle.  However, when the smoke cleared, the Jews had held on and the Legion retreated back from whence they had come.

1949: :Dr. Isaac Halevi Herzog, Israel's chief rabbi, arriving this afternoon at the New York International Airport, Idlewild, Queens, said that unless Israel's housing situation was remedied immediately "a condition may arise that may cause us to consider a curtailment of immigration."

1949: “United States Major General John H. Hilldring” who had sympathized with Jewish statehood project” and who had helped stimulate the United States delegation to secure the needed two-thirds majority vote in the General Assembly favoring partition, arrived at Haifa today “aboard an Israeli ship that had sailed from Marseille” for what he described as a private visit.

1950: The modern state of Israel was officially recognized by the British government.

1950: Britain recognized the annexation by King Abdullah of Jordan of all land west of the Jordan River and the Dead Sea seized by his troops during the fighting that followed the partition vote of November, 1947.

1952:  The Jerusalem Post reported that Jerusalem suffered a severe shortage of water because the Jerusalem Electric Corporation had withdrawn power from the water pumping stations until the municipality settles a debt of IL60,000.

1952:  The Jerusalem Post reported that Israel expressed regret at the resignation of General William D. Riley, as the Chief of Staff of the U.N. Truce Supervisory Organization. A further deterioration of the border situation was expected, as the appointment of General Riley's expected successor, General de Ridder, known for his one-sided decisions, was completely unacceptable.

1953: Maud Gonne, the Irish born actress and revolutionary who was on “good terms with Marcel Habert” a known French anti-Semite, passed away today.

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=F20817FF3E5811738DDDAC0894DB405B8985F0D3

1954:  The film White Christmas, starring Bing Crosby and Danny Kaye, premiered.  Once again a signature piece of Americana bears a Jewish imprint.

1954(24th of Nisan): Underground fighter and Yiddish poet Shmerke Katcherginsky died in a plane crash today

1955(5thof Iyar, 5715): Yom HaAtzma’ut

1956: U.S. premiere of “Godzilla, King of the Monsters!” produced by Joseph Levine.

1958: During an interview with Mike Wallach. Dr. Reinhold Niebuhr discussed several topics including anti-Semitism.

http://www.hrc.utexas.edu/multimedia/video/2008/wallace/niebuhr_reinhold_t.html

1960(30thof Nisan, 5720): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1960(30thof Nisan, 5720): Sixty-seven year old Boston born Abraham Benjamin Cohen, the President of the United States Shoe Corporation and Jewish leader who was “a member of the board of governors of HUC and the board of trustees of the Jewish Hospital” known as A.B. Cohen, the husband of Dolly Lurie Cohen and the father of Ralph I. Cohen passed away today.

1962: Connie Francis recorded “Button and Bows” a popular song created by the Jewish team of Jay Livingston and Ray Evans.

1962: “Chips With Everything” by Sir Arnold Wesker opened “in the West End at the Royal Court Theatre” today.

1963: Rabbis used the upcoming 15th anniversary of the creation of the state of Israel as a theme for their sermons. At New York’s Temple Emanu-El, Rabbi Julius Mark said that “for a small nation to have achieved and maintained its independence for a decade and a half in these turbulent times is in itself no mean accomplishment…Of one thing we may be certain, Israel is here to stay.  While her constant plea is for peace, she will not shrink from war – may God forefend it – if her sovereignty is threatened.  Her citizens are determined not to be exterminated as were their fellow Jews in Hitler’s hell holes.  If Israel goes down, she will go down fighting.” At Congregation Tifereth Israel, Rabbi Kurt Klappholz said that “The successful experiment of the state of Israel will, in the words of Isaiah, be a ‘light unto the nations.’” He went on to praise Israel for her willingness “to share her scientific and technical edge as her educational know-how with the new emerging republics of the African continents.” 

1963: Ambassador Katriel Katz, Consul General of Israel, spoke at Congregation B’nai Jershurun where he paid tribute to the late Izkhak Ben-Zvi, Israel’s second President and reviewed the accomplishments of the state of Israel over the past fifteen years.

1964: Birthdate of Jennifer Burstain, physician par excellence, mother of four really neat sons and an asset for the Temple Judah Jewish community.

1964: German bornJacob (Yaakov) Birnbaum whose family had escaped the Holocaust convened a meeting today at Columbia University that planned what would become the first public demonstration demanding freedom for the Jews of the Soviet Union.

1965: Birthdate of Dr. Jennifer Burtstain, the wife of Dr. Todd Burstain and the mother of four of the neatest sons who are the pride of the Cedar Rapids Jewish community.

1965:  Famed Broadcast Journalist Edward R Murrow passed away at the age of 57 after fighting a losing battle with lung cancer. Murrow gained fame for his coverage of World War II.  One of his most famous broadcasts came on April 15, 1945 when he described the Liberation of Buchenwald to the American listening public. Murrow was a staunch supporter of Israel.  When Teddy Kollek visited him in 1964, Murrow told him that once he had licked cancer he wanted to be the United States Ambassador to Israel.

1966: After having served as head of the Air Department in the General Staff since 1961, Mordechai "Mottie" Hod became Commander of the IAF.  Hod led the Israeli Air Force through its most brilliant moment, the strikes that opened the Six Day. Hod served as the air commander until 1973, leaving office six months before the Yom Kippur War.

1967: The 20th Cannes Film Festival where “Three Days and a Child” was nominated for Best Film opened today.

1967: Birthdate of Rhehovot, Israel Yitzhak Avni, the “actor entertainer and television” known as Aki Avni whom American audiences saw in “Free Zone” starring Natalie Portman.

1968: Birthdate of Todd Thalblum who would become the Rabbi of Temple Judah in 2010.

1969: Three days after he had passed away, funeral services are scheduled to be held at Roth Memorial Chapel this afternoon for seventy-seven year old Yonkers NY, native and Dickinson College trained attorney, Joseph Altman a powerful figure in New Jersey politics which led to his serving six terms as the Mayor of Atlantic City while raising his son Michael with his wife Lillian

1973: An Italian clerk was killed when Palestinian terrorists attacked the El Al office in Rome.

1973: A terrorist plot was foiled today when 3 Arabs carrying explosive were arrested before they could board a plane bounced for Nice, France. (As reported by Jewish Virtual Library)

1976(27thof Nisan, 5736): Yom HaShoah

1976: “So Long, 174th Street,” “a musical with a book by Joseph Stein and lyrics and music by Stan Daniels” opened on Broadway today at the Harkness Theatre.

1976: Sophie Masloff began serviing as a member of the Pittsburgh City Council

1978:  The Jerusalem Post reported that two German volunteers were killed when Arab terrorists threw a bomb into a tourist bus parked in the center of Nablus.

1978:  The Jerusalem Post reported that in Washington, the Israeli Foreign Minister, Moshe Dayan, and the U.S. Secretary of State, Cyrus Vance, were reported to be unable to reach an agreement in their quest for peace in the Middle East, and awaited the arrival of the Prime Minister, Menachem Begin.

1979:Soviet dissidents and Jewish activists, including Mark Dymshitz and Edward Kuznetsov who were exchanged by America for two Soviet spies, arrived in New York City today.

1980: One hundred thousand “people attended the ninth annual Solidarity Day rally of the Greater New York Conference on Soviet Jewry.”

1980: This afternoon Rabbi Charles Lippman of Temple Beth Am in Pearl River, NY officiated at the wedding of “Marcia Robinson Lowry, director of the children’s rights project of the ACLU and Frederic Adams Mosher, a program officer at the Carnegie Corporation” which was held at the home of the birde’s aunt and uncle, “Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Finkelstein of Manhattan.”

1981: Actress Barbara Bach (born Barbara Goldbach) married Ringo Starr



1981: “The Floating Light Bulb” written by Woody Allen and directed by Ulu Grosbard and starring Beatrice Arthur as “Enid”  “opened at the Vivian Beaumont Theatre in Lincoln Center today.”

1982(4th of Iyar, 5742) Yom HaZikaron

1983(14th of Iyar, 5743): Pesach Sheni

1983: Today, Southpaw Bob Tufts pitched his “first and only game in Yankee Stadium.”

https://jewishweek.timesofisrael.com/now-pitching-the-great-bob-tufts/

1983: In Boston, Jewish parenting expert Joani Geltman and her non-Jewish husband Greg Graynor gave birth to actress Ariel Geltman “Ari” Grayenor

1984(25th of Nisan, 5744): Sixty-one year old Hans Arthur Aalsmeer, the son of Charles Aalsmeer and Margaretha Schwarz [ass away today.

1984: A revival of “Hello Dolly” starring female impersonator Danny La Rue as Dolly came to a close at the Prince of Wales Theatre in London.

1984: The daily Israeli newspaper Hadeshot “was ordered to stop publishing for four days” for having reported that Minister of Defence Arens had set up a committee of inquiry, headed by Reserve General Meir Zorea to investigate facts surrounding what became known as the Bus 300 Affiar.

1987:  The Justice Department barred Austrian President Kurt Waldheim from entering the United States, saying he aided in the deportation and execution of thousands of Jews and others as a German Army officer during World War II.  Yes, Secretary General of the United Nations was soldier an officer in Hitler's army. 

1989(22ndof Nisan, 5749): Eighth Day of Pesach

1989: “Ghetto” a play set in the Vilna Ghetto written by Joshua Sobol opened in the Olivier Theatre today under the direction of Sir Nicholas Hytner.

1990: After having premiered in Italy in December, “Black Orchid” directed by Zalman King was released today in the United States.

1991(13thof Iyar, 5751): Parashat Achrei Mot-Kedoshim

1991(13thof Iyar, 5751): Eighty-six year old Samuel Zetzer, the “son of Cala and Jacob Zetzer” passed away today in Palm Beach, FL.

1993: In a story entitled “Museum Opens With Firm Grip On the Emotions,” Diana Jean Schemo described the opening of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.

http://www.nytimes.com/1993/04/27/us/museum-opens-with-firm-grip-on-the-emotions.html

1995(27thof Nisan, 5755): Yom HaShoah

1996:  Operations Grapes of Wrath, the Israeli military incursion into Lebanon brought on by terrorist attacks and the inability of the Lebanese government to control its own borders, came to an end.

1997(20thof Nisan, 5757): Sixth Day of Pesach

1997: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Irving Berlin:Songs From the Melting Pot: The Formative Years, 1907-1914 by Charles Hamm, Streisand:A Biography by Anne Edwards and Locked in the Cabinet by Robert B. Reich.

1997: Memorial services are scheduled to be held this after at the UCLA Faculty Center for Judge Jerry Pacht.

http://articles.latimes.com/1997-04-04/news/mn-45393_1_jerry-pacht

1998(1st of Iyar, 5758): Rosh Chodesh Iyar.

1998: “Hacker Case Taps Into Fame, Fury” provides a description of the activities of 18 year old computer hacker Ehud Tenenbaum whose skills were praised by Prime Minister Netanyahu admiringly as “damn good.”

2000(22ndof Nisan, 5760): Eighth Day of Pesach; Yizkor

2000(22ndof Nisan, 5760): Ninety-three year old University of Chicago trained attorney Elmer Gert whose clients included Nathan Leopold, Arthur Miller and Jack Ruby and who married Mami Laitchin Friedman after his first wife Ceretta Samuels had passed away died today.(As reported by Eric Pace)

https://www.nytimes.com/2000/04/29/us/elmer-gertz-a-top-lawyer-is-dead-at-93-won-for-leopold-ruby-and-henry-miller.html

2000: Today, Steve “Wynn purchased the Desert Inn for $270 million.

2000: Jack Lang completed his second terms as a member of the French National Assembly for Loir-et-Cher.

2001:A Central Intelligence Agency file on Adolf Hitler was made public today, including a report that described the Nazi leader as a "border case between genius and insanity" and predicted that Hitler could become the "craziest criminal the world ever knew."

2001: The C.I.A. files on 19 other wartime figures, like Josef Mengele, the sadistic doctor at the Auschwitz death camp; Adolf Eichmann, the Nazi architect of the extermination of Europe's Jews, and Heinrich Mueller, the feared Gestapo chief were released today.

2002(15thof Iyar, 5762): Seventy-seven year old Jakub Goldberg the Polish film maker who “was co-writer and assistant director of Polanski's feature debut Knife in the Water” passed away today

2002(15th of Iyar, 5762): Ruth Handler passed away at the age of 85, having provided America with a revered icon and piece of popular culture. Born in 1916, Handler was the youngest of 10 children in a Polish-Jewish immigrant family that settled in Denver.  In 1945, Handler's husband and a partner started what would become the Mattel Toy Company.  During the 1950's Handler invented the "Barbie Doll" which took its name if not its anatomy from her daughter, Barbara.  Barbie was joined by the "Ken Doll" named for Handler's son, Kenneth.  

http://www.nytimes.com/2002/04/29/arts/ruth-handler-whose-barbie-gave-dolls-curves-dies-at-85.html

2002(15thof Iyar, 5762):Danielle Shefi, 5; Arik Becker, 22; Katrina (Katya) Greenberg, 45; and Ya'acov Katz, 51, all of Adora, were killed when terrorists dressed in IDF uniforms and combat gear cut through the settlement's defensive perimeter fence and entered Adora, west of Hebron. Seven other people were injured, one seriously. The terrorists entered several homes, firing on people in their bedrooms. Both Hamas and the PFLP claimed responsibility for the attack. (As described by theJewish Virtual Library)

2003: The New York Times included reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including recently released paperback versions of Elvis In Jerusalem: Post-Zionism and the Americanization of Israel by Tom Segev in which “the author maintains that Israel's connection to the United States is driving a transformation in the nation's cultural life, weakening social solidarity while boosting the role of the individual.”

2003: In Champaign-Urbana, The fifth annual Roger Ebert’s Overlooked Film Festival closes.

2004(6thof Iyar, 5764): Yom HaAtzma’ut

2005(18thof Nisan, 5765): Fourth Day of Pesach

2006:Rabbi Yona Metzger filed a petition with the Supreme Court of Israel to protest Mazuz's public declaration alleging that his image had been destroyed without a chance to tell his side of the story, and accusing Menachem Mazuz of engaging in "child-like" tactics.[38] Metzger's lawyer charged that Mazuz's report on Metzger contained unverifiable information and that it constituted a personal attack on the rabbi without giving him the benefit of a defense or hearing. The petition requested that the second half of Mazuz's 30-page report, in which he harshly attacked Metzger's conduct and recommended his removal, be stricken from the record.”

2007: Dr. Jonathan Karp and Dr. Jonathan Schorsch present "Blacks and Jews in American Popular Music-The Business of Cultural Mediation" at theCenterfor Jewish History in New York City.

2007:New York Mets star Shawn Green (currently sixth in National League hitting), along with teammates David Newhan, Scott Schoeneweis and Aaron Sele, reportedly paid a visit to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, D.C. Green, who called the visit “intense” and “educational,” found himself particularly moved by a display of victims’ shoes. Newhan, whose great-grandmother was killed during the purge of the Warsaw Ghetto, was also deeply moved. “It was pretty heavy,” he told the Journal News, “but something definitely worthwhile.” He said he planned to take his 2-year-old son when the time was right. Newhan, though bar mitzvahed at a Conservative synagogue, today considers himself to be a messianic Jew. Green and Schoeneweis are both Jewish; Sele is not. The Mets’ chief operating officer, Jeff Wilpon, who serves on the museum’s board, arranged the outing.

2008: Eighth Day of Pesach, 5768 – Traditional (Orthodox, Conservative, et al) Jews recite Yizkor

(Here is a suggestion for what do with the all the leftover Matzoth Butterfinger Comedy Network on Yahoo! Video.

2008:TheRamle Conference 'Between Israel and the Nations' takes place.The Ramle Conference which deals with the relationship between the Jewish people and the non-Jewish minorities living in Israel is the first of its kind.

2008: Annie Leibovitz’s topless photo of a 15 year old entertainer “was published with an accompanying story on The New York Times' website” today.



2009(3rd of Iyar, 5769): Phillip Stein, the musician who created the mural on the back wall of the Village Vanguard, passed away today at the age of 90.

2009: At the JCC in Columbus, Ohio, Israel Memorial Commemoration features a remembrance ceremony with former IDF soldiers and screen the documentary film "A Hero in Heaven" about the life of Michael Levin (Z"L)

2009:The Leo Baeck Institute presents multi-media event featuring a book and film both which are entitled “The Kissinger Saga, Two Brothers from Fürth.” “Evi Kurz, a journalist from Fürth where the Kissingers were born, has forged a family portrait of a Nobel laureate and a successful CEO. Through years of diligent research and respectful encounters, Ms. Kurz was able to earn the trust of both Walter and Henry, who rewarded her with a personal look into the family life of a German-Jewish family. The result is an award winning documentary film and a book.  As we accompany the Kissingers on visits to places of their childhood and youth, it becomes very clear how these formative years provide the context for much that comes later.

2009:Stephen Joel Trachtenberg, the former (now emeritus) president of George Washington University, discusses and signs Big Man on Campus: A University President Speaks Out on Higher Education at Reiter's Scientific & Professional Books in Washington, D.C.

2009(3rd of Iyar, 5769):Yom Hazikaron events begin this afternoon with a ceremony at the Ammunition Hill battlefield in Jerusalem in the presence of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu

2009: “The Confession of Eliot Spitzer” is the cover story for Newsweek magazine.

2009: Florida’s Governor Charlie Crist “signed legislation removing the word ‘shylock’ from Florida’s criminal money-lending laws.”

2010:"My Father's Microcosm, Tel Aviv", a photographic installation by Israeli photographer Yossi Guttmann is scheduled to have its final showing at the Williams Club of New York.

2010:Dr. Ori Z. Soltes, Goldman Lecturer in Theology at Georgetown University, is scheduled to discuss “Famous Jewish Trials: From Jesus to Eichmann” at Northern Virginia focusing on the cases of Jesus of Nazareth, the “Blood Libel" cases during the Spanish Inquisition, the early twentieth century trials of Jews in Czarist Russian, the U.S. trial in the 1920's of Leo Frank, the Rosenberg trial in the 1950's, and the1961 Israeli trial of Adolf Eichmann.

2010(13th of Iyar, 5770):Doctor Stanley I. Greenspan, a psychiatrist who invented an influential approach to teaching children with autism and other developmental problems by folding his lanky six-foot frame onto the floor and following their lead in vigorous play, died today at a hospital in Bethesda, MD at the age of 68.

2010: The Jewish Federation communities of the Commonwealth of Virginia “have written a letter to Governor Bob McDonnell asking him to reconsider this decision that lifted a ban on Virginia State Police troopers referring to Jesus Christ in public prayers.

2011: Kinky “ Friedman launched his Springtime For Kinky Tour (cf. "Springtime For Hitler") in Kansas City, Missouri at Knuckleheads Saloon] which includes dates in Arkansas, Oklahoma, Kentucky before heading towards the east coast.

2011:In preparation of Yom HaShoah (Holocaust Remembrance Day), Detroit’s Congregation Beth Ahm is scheduled to screen “Hidden Poland”, a one-hour documentary film recounting the experiences of four people who were hidden children in Poland during the Shoah.

2011: Three days after she had passed away, funeral services were scheduled to be held today for Joan Peyser, “the master storyteller who was a biographer of seminal figures in 20th-century music, as well as an editor and a winner of six ASCAP/Deems Taylor Awards.”

2011: Today on the 189th anniversary of U.S. Grant’s birth it was announced “Ron Chernow has signed a deal to write a ‘comprehensive biography’ of Ulysses S. Grant” just days after he Chernow had won the Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography for his book Washington: A Life.

2011:Fatah and Hamas, the rival Palestinian movements, announced an agreement in principle today to end a years-long internal Palestinian schism. Taher Al-Nounou, a spokesman for the Hamas government in Gaza, said the two sides had reached a preliminary agreement to form a transitional unity government for the Palestinian territories to be followed by new elections after a year. While the deal, reached after secret Egyptian-brokered talks, promised a potentially historic reconciliation for the Palestinians, Israel warned that a formal agreement would spell the end of the Israeli-Palestinian peace process. Even before the press conference to make the announcement, the Israeli Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, sent a stern warning to the Palestinian Authority president and Fatah chief, Mahmoud Abbas. “The Palestinian Authority has to choose between peace with Israel and peace with Hamas,” Mr. Netanyahu said in a televised address on Wednesday. “Peace with both of them is impossible because Hamas aspires to destroy the state of Israel and says so openly.”

2011:Moroccan Jews who suffered under the Nazis and their allies during World War II will for the first time ever receive compensation from Germany, a Jewish group announced today.

2011(23rd of Nisan, 5771): Sixty-year old Dr Stanley I. Greenspan, a psychiatrist who documented the developmental milestones of early childhood and developed the widely used "Floor Time" method for teaching children with autism and other developmental disorders, passed away today.

2011: In Mitzvah Tanks Roll Again,” Gabe Johnson and Tamir Elterman described the reappearance of this unique Chabad invention.

http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/04/27/mitzvah-tanks-roll-again/

2012: “Love During Wartime,” a film about an Israeli Jewish woman in love with a Palestinian Moslem man, is scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2012:Shabbaton Shira v’Kehilah, a Shabbat of Song and Community is scheduled to begin at the Kane Street Synagogue.

2012: David Samson, the owner of the Miami Marlins baseball team “completed a 52.4 mile run to honor the workers who built the new ballpark and which raised over $550,000 to be split among 10 charities

2013: Therecently retired chief of Israel’s internal security agency said tonight that he had “no faith” in the ability of the current leadership to handle the Iranian nuclear threat, ratcheting up the criticism of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Defense Minister Ehud Barak from the defense and intelligence communities. (As reported by Jodi Rudoren)

2013: “Dancing In Jaffa” is scheduled to be shown at the Tribeca Film Festival.

2013: In Livonia, Michigan, “Bookstock,” co-sponsored by the Jewish Community Relations Council is scheduled to come to an end

2013: The National Park Service and the United States Military Academy are scheduled to host the official government ceremony commemorating the 191st anniversary of President Grant’s birth. While there are those who would paint Grant as an anti-Semite his Jewish contemporaries did not view him as can be seen by the fact that Jews overwhelming supported him when he ran for President and by this eulogy by Professor Felix Adler

2013: A heat wave hit Israel today and caused several fires across Israel, ahead of Jewish holiday Lag Ba'Omer (bonfire night). Army Radio reported that one man was lightly injured today in a fire started from burning embers left by hikers.

2014: The New York Times features reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including I Pity the Poor Immigrant, Zachary Lazar’s “novel of spiritual discovery featuring Meyer Lansky, an American journalist and the murder of an Israeli poet,” Mount Terminus, David Grand’s novel about the early days of the movie industry featuring half-brothers Simon Reuben and Bloom Rosenbloom and In Paradise, “Peter Matthiessen’s novel about a Zen retreat at Auschwitz.”

2014: The Jewish Historical Society of Greater Washington is scheduled to host “Downtown Washington,” a “tour of the historic 7th Street, NW neighborhood” that “includes four former synagogues.

2014(27thof Nisan, 5774)): In the evening start of Yom Hashoah.  While the 27th of Iyar is the official date for Yom Hashoah, when the 27th of Nisan falls on a Sunday, the observance takes place on the 28th of Nisan (Monday) “to avoid adjacency with Shabbat.”

2014: Three days after he had passed away, funeral services are scheduled to be held for Dr. Charles A. Schwartz, the husband of Dr.Sheila Schwartz, the father of Pamela Fay Cohen, Julia Molly Healy, David Ansin Schwartz and Columbia and Boston University graduate and award winning television journalist Elizabeth Cohen (Elizabeth Sondra Schwartz) and wife of Israeli-born Entrepreneur Tal Cohen.

https://www.cnn.com/CNN/anchors_reporters/cohen.elizabeth.html

2014: “Light and Shadows: The Story of the Iranian Jews” an “exhibition that tell the rich and complex history of one of the world’s oldest Jewish communities” is scheduled to come to an end at Yeshiva University Museum.

2014: “The March of Life” under the title “Remembering, Reconciling and Shaping the Future in Friendship” is scheduled to come to an end in Hungary.

http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/179748#.U1smEJtOWpo

2014: Popes John XXIII and John Paul II are being declared saints of the Roman Catholic Church today, the day that is also the eve of Yom Hashoah

http://www.timesofisrael.com/from-pope-to-saint-two-men-who-revamped-jewish-catholic-ties/

2014: In New Orleans, the keynote speaker at the Holocaust Memorial Program is scheduled to be eighty-eight year old Philip Bialowitz, one of only seven survivors of the Sobribor revolt at the Nazi death camp who was 17 at the time of the revolt, joined with his brother and others to overwhelm the guards and helped free 200 of the 600 prisoners housed there” whose memoir is A Promise at Sobribor: A Jewish Boy’s Story of Revolt and Survival in Nazi-Occupied Poland. (As reported by the Crescent City Jewish News)

2014: “Golda’s Balcony” a one-woman show starring Tova Feldshuh as the Israeli Prime Minister is scheduled to be performed for the last time this evening at the D.C. Jewish Community Center.

2014: In Coralville, Iowa, Rabbi Jeff Portman has organized a memorable and meaningful series of Yom HaShoah events that are scheduled to include the Fourth Annual Music of Commemoration at Agudas Achim and a reading by Professor Lud Gutmann, MD from his book Richard Road: Fleeing the Holocaust and Growing Up In Rural America.

2014: Holocaust Remembrance Week is scheduled to begin today.

http://www.ushmm.org/remember/days-of-remembrance/2014-days-of-remembrance?&utm_medium=email&utm_source=ushmm&utm_content=2+-+website&utm_campaign=20140206DOR4&source=20140206DOR4

2015: “The Last Sentence” and “Let’s Go” are scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2015(8thof Iyar, 5776): Ninety year old Dr. Alexander Rich who provided the visual proof of the DNA’s Double Helix passed away today.  (As reported by Denise Gellene)

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/06/us/alexander-rich-dies-at-90-confirmed-dnas-double-helix.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

2015: Dana Kalishov is scheduled to discuss the important role of the IDF in providing invaluable educational and leadership opportunities, fostering the growth of pluralism, encouraging respect and equal rights for women, members of the LGBT community, and other minorities at the Northern Virginia Jewish Community Center.

2015: “In the Community: Touchdown Israel” is scheduled to be shown at the Gershman Y as part of the Philadelphia Jewish Film Festival.

2015: Michele Gold author of Memories that Won't Go Away:A Tribute to the Children of the Kindertransport is scheduled to speak at the US Holocaust Memorial Museum.

2015: Mark Gelber and Birger VanwesenbeckMark Gelber and Birger VanwesenbeckMark Gelber and Birger Vanwesenbeck are scheduled to discuss “Stefan Zweig and World Literature: 21st Century Perspectives” at the Center for Jewish History.

2015: In Baltimore looters carried away over a million dollars in merchandize as they vandalized the Sports Mart a business started in 1980 by 89 year old Leon Levy and his sons Harvey, Marc and Brian.

2015: Congregants Challenge Sale of Bulwark of Judaism on Lower East Side published today described the dispute surrounding the sale of the Home of Sages “a Manhattan nursing home in the shadow of the Williamsburg Bridge.”

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/28/nyregion/congregants-challenge-sale-of-home-of-the-sages-on-lower-east-side.html?hp&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=mini-moth&region=top-stories-below&WT.nav=top-stories-below&_r=0

2016(19th of Nisan, 5776): Fifth Day of Pesach

2016(19th of Nisan, 5776): Eighty-seven year old abstract artist Harold Cohen passed away today in California.

https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/07/arts/design/harold-cohen-a-pioneer-of-computer-generated-art-dies-at-87.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

2016: “Common Ground” written by Israel Yael Ronen is scheduled to be performed at the Segal Theatre tonight.

2016; “The first Jewish film festival of Casablanca, which was organized in the Moroccan city by a Sephardic Jewish woman from Atlanta” and which was attended by nearly 300 people came to an end today.

2016: “Two Palestinian terrorists this morning attempted to stab Border Policemen at Qalandiya checkpost north of Jerusalem before being shot and killed by security forces.”

2017(1st of Iyar, 5777): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

2017(1st of Iyar, 5777): Ninety-six year old Julius Young “the last surviving member of Jonas Salk’s original research team” passed away today. (As reported by Sam Roberts)

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/04/science/julius-youngner-dead-salk-polio-vaccine-researcher.html

http://www.post-gazette.com/news/obituaries/2017/04/28/Julius-Youngner-Salk-vaccine/stories/201704280215

2017(1st of Iyar, 5777: Eighty-nine year old Holocaust survivor and “award winning author and illustrator Peter Spier” passed away today. (As reported by Richard Sandomir)

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/05/books/peter-spier-dead-childrens-book-author.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

2017: Dan Margulies is scheduled to lead an early Talmud study session on Tractate Sukkah at the Streicker Center

2017: The National Museum of American Jewish Military History and the Jewish Historical Society of Greater Washington are scheduled to host a tour of the exhibition “Jews in the American Military” followed by a presentation by JHS curator Christiane Bauer, who will share treasures from our collection related to the involvement of Jewish Washingtonians in "The Great War."

2017: The UKJF is scheduled to host a screening of “Photo Farag” which tells “the story of the photography studio in Israel” as the Phoenix Cinema.

2017: The American Sephardi Federation is scheduled to present “A Vanished People: Jewish Heritage in the Greater Middle East.”

2017: 195th Anniversary of the birth of U.S. Grant, the underrated general who understood modern warfare which led to the Union victory and who offered the position of Secretary of the Treasury to his friend Jesse Seligman who declined the offer which would have made him the first Jewish member of the Cabinet.

2018: Today, “flanked by the Nassau County Democratic Chairman and the Governor of New York, Anna Kaplan, the native of Tabriz and Cardozo School of Law trained attorney, who had fled her homeland after the Islamic Revolution, “announced her candidacy for the New York State Senate's 7th District to a large gathering of supporters and state and local Democratic elected officials at the "Yes We Can Community Center" in Westbury, New York.”

2018: The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to host Friday night services followed by a Shabbat dinner.

2018: “The Love Letter “directed by Atara Frish is scheduled to be shown at the Tribeca Film Festival.

2018: “The National Park Service and the United States Military Academy at West Points” are scheduled to “host the official government commemorating the 196thanniversary of the birth of President U.S. Grant, the first sitting President to contribute to a synagogue building fun and to attend synagogue services – in this case Adas Israel in Washington, D.C.

2019: Israeli Culture in North America, which presents and discusses “the works of young emergin and established Israeli artists in the performing, visual, literary and cinematic arts recommends attendance at the “Debut concert of so&so” that is scheduled to take place this evening at the Brooklyn Armory Terminal.

2019: On the secular clanedar, six month anniversary of the Pittsburgh Synagogue Slaughter, the deadliest one day killing of Jews in the United States.

2019(22ndof Nisan, 5779): As Jews attended services at Chabad of Poway Synagogue in Poway, CA, a gunman shot four including the rabbi, murdering one woman.

https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/27/us/poway-synagogue-shooting.html?action=click&module=Top%20Stories&pgtype=Homepage

2019: This evening award winning biographer Ron Chernow is scheduled to be the featured speaker at the 2019 White House Correspondents Dinner

2019(22nd of Nissan, 5779): Eighth Day of Pesach; 7thDay of the Omer;

2020: ASF IJE Travels in Jewish History... from Home is scheduled to present Expedition to Iraq, a journey in time and space, that features Babylonian Jewish shrines, schools, cemeteries throughout the country with stops in Baghdad, Basra, Mosul, al-Kifl, and Amediye, powered by Diarna Geo-Museum Tours

2020: The Israeli American Council – Boston is scheduled to host the Yom Hazilkaron Online Commemoration Ceremony.

2020: The Streicker Center is scheduled to host “Jewish Resilience Through Chocolate” a virtual “sweet” presentation by Rabbi Debbie Prinz.

2020: The Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies at Salem State University is scheduled to host a livestream of a Holocaust remembrance ceremony.

2020: As part of a special Israel Independence Day “Tikvah Life” presentation, Dr. Ran Baratz is scheduled to speak live from Jerusalem on “The Strengths of Israel: A Civilizational Assessment.”

2020: In Coraliville, IA, Agudas Achim is scheduled to host its first Yiddish study group via Zoom.


This Day, April 28, In Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb Levin Z"L

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April 28



66: After stealing money from the Temple Treasury, the Roman Procurator Gessius Florus allowed his troops to “loot the Upper Market” of Jerusalem. He also unleashed his Cohorts on the crowds of Jews who gathered to protest the theft.  This would prove to be the precipitating event that would start the Great Revolt which would end in disaster for the Jewish people.

70: Following an early repulse of his forces, the Roman Legions commanded by Titus retake and destroy Jerusalem’s middle wall. The Romans followed this victory by quickly building a wall that will surround the city, cutting off all shipments of food and causing increased starvation among the Jewish defenders.

1192: Conrad I, newly crowned King of Jerusalem was assassinated in Tyre only days after ascending the throne.  According to one source, the assassins were Moslems who may have been in the pay of Conrad’s Christian enemies.  The whole affair of Conrad’s selection during the time of the Third Crusade points to the fact that these were not noble religious adventures at all.  This makes the treatment of the Jews during this period all the more despicable.

1560(2nd of Iyar): Rabbi Kalman of Worms passed away.

1694(3rdof Iyar, 5454):Judah ben Samuel ha-Kohen Cantarini the Talmudist and physician who had a large number of Christian and Jewish patients passed away in Padua.

1758: Birthdate of James Monroe, leader of the American Revolution and fifth President of the United States.  During the Revolutionary War, Monroe was one of the many patriots who accepted “loans” from Haym Salomon.  This money enabled Monroe and the others to live in Philadelphia and carry on the war against the English.

1775: Birthdate of Judah Touro. Born in Newport, Rhode Island Touro, who never married, was a famous merchant and philanthropist who supported many Christian and Jewish charities. He started as a merchant selling soap, candles and codfish, and would eventually become one of the wealthiest men in all of America. Touro's father was of Portuguese Jewish extraction, by way of Jamaica.

1778(1st of Iyar, 5538): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1778(1st of Iyar, 5538): The eldest son of Rabbi Tzvi Hirsh Horowitz of Chortkiv,  Shmelke of Nikolsburg who was one of the earliest great Chasidic Rebbes from both the The Nikolsburg Hasidic dynasty and the Boston Hasidic dynasty passed away to in Nikolsburg.

1788: Maryland becomes the seventh state to ratify the Constitution of the United States. By the time of the ratification, there are enough Jews living in Baltimore that the community can maintain its own burial site.  Among the families living in Baltimore are the Ettings, headed by the widowed mother Shina and her five children including two sons, Reuben and Solomon. Jews do not enjoy full civil rights at this point in time.  Under the spirit of the “Toleration Act” those are reserved for people who believe in Jesus Christ.  In 1797, Jews and their Gentile supporters make their first attempt to remove the religious test.  It failed along with all subsequent efforts until 1825 when the so-called Jew Bill passed in the Lower House by one vote.  It would not be until 1826 that the religious test for office would modified so that anybody declaring “his belief in a future state of rewards and punishment” could hold a position of public trust.

1794: One day after he had passed away, 34 year old Joseph Levy was buried today at the “Alderney Road (Globe Rd) Jewish Cemetery.”

1801: Birthdate of Anthony Ashley Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury who was an early supporter of plans to populate “Greater Syria” (the name for the territory part of which became Palestine and finally the state of Israel).  In 1853, when he was President of the London Society for Promoting Christianity Amongst the Jews wrote to Prime Minister Aberdeen that Greater Syria was "a country without a nation" in need of "a nation without a country... Is there such a thing? To be sure there is, the ancient and rightful lords of the soil, the Jews!"

1818(22nd of Nisan, 5578): Eighth Day of Pesach; Yizkor

1824: Mark Friedberg married Buena Pass at the Great Synagogue today.

1824: Maurice Solomon married Louisa Raphael at the Western Synagogue today.

1824: Henry Weiler married Bloomy Hart at the Great Synagogue today.

1834(19th of Nisan): In Mantua, philanthropist Samuel Trabotti passed away today.

1835(29th of Nisan, 5595): A. Löwy, the chief rabbi of Dresden passed away today

1838:  Birthdate of Tobias Michael Carel Asser a Dutch jurist, co-winner (with Alfred Fried) of the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1911 for his role in the formation of the Permanent Court of Arbitration at the first Hague peace conference (1899). He also advocated for the creation of an international academy of law, which led to the creation of The Hague Academy of International Law. He passed away in 1913.

1840: In Maine, Henry Benjamin Nones the Philadelphia born son of Abraham Benjamin Nones and Miriam Marks de Nones and his wife Anna M. Nones gave birth to Albert Smith Nones

1847: Birthdate of Arthur Strauss who was first elected the House of Common in 1895, serving into the 1970’s when he earned the unofficial designation of “Father of the House” and who like so many of his generation paid the price of patriotism when his son Victor, a Lieutenant in the Royal Flying Corps “was killed in action in 1916.”

1854(30th of Nisan, 5614): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1854: Rabbi Solomon Jacobs officiated at the wedding of Henry Davis of Charleston, SC and Dinah Joel, the daughter of the late David and Catherine Joel of London, England.

1859: In Great Britain, start of the General Elections which saw David Salomons re-elected as the MP for Greenwich.

1859: Accompanied by Odo Russell, a British diplomat, Sir Moses Montefiore went to the Vatican where he met with Cardinal Antonelli with whom he discussed the Mortara Case and reasons for returning the boy to his Jewish parents.  The meeting proved to be a fruitless waste of time.

1860(6th of Iyar, 5620): Sixty year old Amsterdam born poet Isaac De Costa whose prose works included Israel en de Volken, a multi-volume survey history of the Jewish people that was translated into English under the title Israel and the Gentiles passed away today. In 1822, De Costa converted to Christianity.

1861(18th Iyar, 5621): Lag B’Omer observed for the first time during the Presidency of Abraham Lincoln.

1862: In the UK, Sir Saul Samuel and Henrietta Matilad Levien gave birth to Sir Edward Levien Samuel, the husband of Ray Cowan, the son-in-law of Abraham Cowan and the father of Sir Edward Louis Samuel and Vera Leah Henrietta Samuel

1864(22nd of Nisan, 5624): As Jewish soldiers in the Union Army participate in the Wilderness Campaign in Virginia and follow Sherman on his march to Atlanta, they celebrate the 8th day of Pesach.

1865: Birthdate of Adolph Bluthenthal, the native of Bavaria who settled in Pine Bluff, AR where his daughter Adele was born.

1865: L'Africaine premiered today almost a year after Giacomo Meyerbeer's death at the Salle Le Peletier

1867: Today’s “Current Literature” column contained a lengthy expert from The Jew’s Revenge.

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9B07E2DB103AEF34BC4051DFB266838C679FDE

1869: In Berg, Hungary, Joseph and Victoria Cukor gave birth to Morris Cukor, the husband of Cora Cukor and the brother of Victor Cukor.

1872: In Camden, SC, Isabelle ("Belle") Wolfe and Dr. Simon Baruch gave birth to Herman B. Baruch the physician turned diplomat “who served as U.S. Ambassador to the Netherlands and Portugal.

1872: In “New Malden, Kingston-upon-Thames, England,” public accountant Victor Bauer and piano teacher Mary Taylor Lloyd gave birth to internationally acclaimed concert pianist Harold Bauer who performed for the first time in the United States in 1900 and “gave his last formal concert in 1939” passed away today having been pre-deceased by his wife Marie Knapp who had passed away in 1940.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1951/03/13/113175687.pdf

https://www.operamusica.com/artist/harold-bauer/#biography

1874:  Jacob Kraus, a papermaker, and his wife Ernestine, née KantorJacob Kraus, a papermaker, and his wife Ernestine, née Kantor gave birth to Karl Straus, Austrian writer and journalist.  Kraus converted to Catholicism in 1906 but left the church in 1923.  Freud found him so irritating that he referred to him as a “mad, half-wit.” He passed away in 1936.

1875: Nathan Strauss married Lina Gutherz with whom he had six children, among them Sissie Strauss who would become the wife of Chief Judge Irving Lehman.

1878: Birthdate of Adolf Openheimer who was only eighteen years old when he passed away and was buried in London’s Plashet Jewish Cemetery.

1880: Birthdate of Frank Boyd Merriman, 1st Baron Merriman who in 1929 was the counsel who presented the Jewish case before the British Commission of Inquiry” meeting in Jerusalem.

1881(29thof Nisan, 5641): Sixty-three year old French sculptor and photographer Antoine Samuel Adam-Salomon passed away in Paris.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Samuel_Adam-Salomon#/media/File:Lajos_Kossuth_by_Adam-Salomon_c1859.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Samuel_Adam-Salomon#/media/File:Philosophe_by_Antoine-Samuel_Adam-Salomon.jpg





1881:  In Kherson, Elizabethgrad, a tavern dispute over blood libels spawned massive outbreaks against the Jews (often joined by the soldiers) in Odessa and Kiev. In all, over a hundred and sixty riots occurred in southern Russia. Ignatiev, the Minister of the Interior, insisted that the Jews caused the pogroms. General Drenbien refused to endanger his troops "for a few Jews."

1881: Czar Alexander III suggested to his ministers that outside agitators must have incited the mobs against the Jews, and that reports of policy and military laxity in quashing the pogroms were a disgrace. 

1882: It was reported today that Jewish leaders in Berlin have received word from their co-religionists in Russia that “they will quit the country en masse if” their persecution continues. (This would be a triumph of at least part of the Russian one third policy.  The government planned on solving its Jewish problem by having one third convert, one third immigrate and one third die.)

1886: Bernhard Liebentahl, a young Jew from Schafenburg, Germany was among the passengers who arrived in New York today aboard the SS Main.

1886:  Birthdate of photographer Erich Salomon the native of Berlin whoworked as a carpenter and studied to be a lawyer before he found his true calling. He was a genius in the use of the then newly developed 35 mm camera.  He is considered one of the founders of photojournalism.  His fame as a photographer of the European leaders and celebrities spread beyond Germany.  One French politician joked that no conference could be considered important if Salomon were not there to take pictures.  His artistic skills did not save him and he died at Auschwitz at the age of 58 on July 7, 1944.  In one of those great ironies, the daily blurbs on many websites list him as "a German photographer" and simply give the date of his passing with no mention as to the place or its significance.

http://weimarart.blogspot.com/2010/07/erich-salomon-king-of-indiscreet.html

1887(4th of Iyar, 5647): Fifty-six year old Isaac Hendricks passed away today at the home of his brother-in-law, H.S. Henry.  A retired businessman and part of a prominent Jewish family, Hendricks was a member of the Hebrew Orphan Asylum Society.

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9D01E6D61630E633A25753C3A9629C94669FD7CF

1889: As churches and synagogues in New York held services observing the centennial of George Washington’s first inaugural (April 30, 1789) Rabbi Henry S. Jacobs spoke at an assembly of youngsters at B’nai Jershrun.  The students had been greet by a larger banner framing a portrait of General Washington that hung across the center door of the synagogue. The program included a program of patriotic music and recitations by the children.

890: It was reported today that the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum Society has a rejected a proposal from the Brooklyn Hebrew Orphan Asylum that the two organizations consolidate.  The Brooklyn organization is caring for one hundred children while the New York organization is caring for 559 children. 

1891: In Great Britain, The Pall Mall Gazette describes a plan to settle Jews living in Poland and parts of southeast Europe in uninhabited areas in Brazil and Australia.  Baron Hirsch is so supportive of the plan that he has pledged 15 million dollars to set the resettlement project in motion.  The plan could not come at a better time since the United States, which has been a haven for these Jews, is adopting laws designed to limit immigration.  According to the Gazette,“This decision comes at an opportune moment for England, for the new United Sates legislation against the immigration of destitute aliens might result in converting the United Kingdom into a dumping ground for all the Hebrew refugees of Europe.  They arrive here already at the rate of 18,000 annually.”

1892(1st of Iyar, 5652): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1892: One hundred heads of Jewish families from Russia left Montreal for Oxlow in the Canadian Northwest where they plan to start an agriculture colony.  As soon as they have built houses, these farmers will be sending for their family members.  The colonization is part of the efforts of Baron Hirsch, the Baron Hirsch Colonization Alliance and the Young Men's Hebrew Benevolent Society of Montreal.  If this initial settlement is successful, the Jews in Montreal plant to settle as many as 10,000 Russian Jews as farmers in Manitoba.

1893: In Dublin, William Nurock and his wife gave birth Max Mordechai Nurock, Israel’s first Ambassador to Australia who passed away at the age of 85 in Jerusalem.

1893: Dr. H. M. Harris delivered a lecture at Temple Israel in Harlem entitled “The Religious Rights of the Minority, Apropos of the Movement to Convert the Jews.”



1894(22nd of Nisan, 5654): 8th day of Pesach

1894: “Ex-rector Hermann Ahlwardt, the Jewbaiter who has been imprisoned several times for criminal libel” declared in a meeting this evening “his intention of publishing next week some revelations” concerning the formation of “annuity estates in Prussia” that would expose the “corruptness of the Jews and the criminal complicity of those in authority.”

1894: This evening 30 young Jewish girls will be featured performers at a benefit hosted by the Young Ladies’ Charitable Society at the Lexington Avenue Opera House.

1895: “A Free Art Exhibition” published today described an upcoming fundraiser to be held for the benefit of the University Settlement Society and the Hebrew Educational Alliance as well as providing a brief history of these organizations.

1895: In Cincinnati, Professor William Herzberg from Jerusalem addressed the opening session of the B’nai B’rith Convention which was attended by at least “one hundred Hebrews from all parts of the world.

1896: German Historian and Reichstag Deputy Heinrich von Treitschke who became a leading anti-Semite starting in 1878 when he began attacking the Jews for failing to assimilate  as well as no longer being useful because the Aryans had learned the money management skills that had been the sole reason for allowing Jews to play a role in the German Empire.

1897: Two days after he had passed away, 26 year old Nathan Woolf Jacobson, the son of Rebecca Levy and grandson of “Joseph and Rose Levy” was buried today at the “Plashet Jewish Cemetery” in London.

1897: Mr. Goldstein and Mr. Meyer were among those arrested in Brooklyn today for operating an illegal still.

1897: Dr. Robert Ward, “a Harvard professor who founded the Immigration Restriction League” and falsely “apprised Congress” of plans for “a well-organized Jewish mass immigration” to the United States, married Emma Lane today.

1898: In Galveston, TX, Arthur Fischel Samson and Babette Levy gave birth to Dr. John Jacob Sampson

1899(18thof Iyar, 5659): Lag B’Omer

1899: Birthdate of Herman Shinbang,  the University of Manitoba School of Medicine who served in Palestine during WWI the 40 Battalion of the Royal Fusiliers, retired from the practice of medicine “due to permanent disabilities, and served a Major in the U.S. Army Medical Corps during WW II.

1900: Charles Frohman's London comedians are scheduled conclude their engagement at the Lyceum Theatre tonight.

1901: Birthdate of Lena Shimshak, the wife of Morris J. Clurman and the mother of Bernice and Herman Clurman.

1902(21stof Nisan, 5662): Seventh Day of Pesach

1902: “East Side Sunday Fair Undisturbed” published today described the failure to enforce the “Sabbath Laws” yesterday, just as they had done on the previous Sunday when “the Jewish inhabitants…were layin stores of food and clothing for the feast of Passover” and how “Magistrate Pool in the West Side court, criticized the Mayor and the Police Commissioner for suspending the Sunday closing law in favor of the Jewish vendors of food during Passover.”

1903: Birthdate of Trenton, NJ, Saul Habas, the Rutgers University graduate and husband of Ruth Janette Zerkowsky who served as a rabbi and was buried in Natchez, Mississippi after his death in 1983

1903: In “The Jewish Massacre Denounced,” The New York Times reported that “The anti-Jewish riots in Kishinev, Bessarabia, are worse than the censor will permit to publish. There was a well laid-out plain for the general massacre of Jews on the day following the Russian Easter. The mob was led by priests, and the general cry, "Kill the Jews," was taken up all over the city. The Jews were taken wholly unaware and were slaughtered like sheep. The dead number 120 and the injured numbered about 500. The scenes of horror attending this massacre are beyond description. Babes were literally torn to pieces by the frenzied and bloodthirsty mob. The local police made no attempt to check the reign of terror. At sunset the streets were piled with corpses and wounded. Those who could make their escape fled in terror, and the city is now practically deserted of Jews."

1906: Birthdate of Richard Rado the “German-born British mathematician” who fled Germany following the rise of the Nazis.

1907: Today, Rabbi Schulman of Temple Bethel, criticized the first sermon preached by Dr. Aked, the English minster who is the new pastor at the Fifth Avenue Church as being a slur on the Jewish people, when in speaking about immigrants to America that “The deepest truth of all is this that the best Christian citizen is the best citizen and the surest way, the quickest way and the most economical way of making these people good Americans and good patriots is to make them good Christinas.”



1908:  Birthdate of Oskar Schindler, the Schindler of “Schindler’s List” fame.  He passed away in 1974.  While much has been written about how authentic the tale told in the film and book was, the reality is that he saved over 1,200 Jews, which is more than most people can say.

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/oskar-schindler

1908(27th of Nisan, 5668): Jacob Voorsanger passed away today.

1910: Eighteen year old Edith Altscul, the San Francisco born daughter of Charles and Camilla (Mandelebaum) Altschul  became Edith Altschul Lehman today when  Herbert Lehman, the “member of a very influential New York family and a partner in the Lehman Brothers investment firm” with whom she had three children – Peter, John and Hilda.

1911: In St. Louis “Eleanor Alina” and “Benjamin Gross” gave birth to Leon Harrison Gross, who gained fame as Lee Falk creator of “The Phantom” and “Mandrake the Magician.”

https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/obituary-lee-falk-1081509.html

1911: Council of Rabbis of Constantinople decides to establish a yeshiva for the training of rabbis for Sephardic Jewry.

1911: Bedouins set fire to the synagogue at Tschebel (Tripoli, Barbary), entirely destroying the building which contained old and valuable manuscripts and books.

1912: “How A Russian Girl’s Failure Was Turned To Success,” published today described the successful, important work of the Young Women’s Hebrew Association and its fund raising drive that will enable it to enlarge its facilities.

1913(21st of Nisan, 5673): Seventh Day of Pesach

1913: In Atlanta, Leo Frank, a director with the National Pencil Company told the police that Newt Lee, the night watchman who had found the body of Mary Phagan had not punch his time card which “was supposed to be punched every half hour during his security rounds” at “three or four intervals.”

1913: In Chicago, at Isaiah Temple, a Reform congregation, Rabbi Joseph Stolz is scheduled to lead services on the final day of Passover celebrated by Reform Jews.

1914: It was reported today that Eastern Council of Reform Rabbis has chosen for its officers: Rabbi Maruice Harris, New York, President; Rabbi Joseph Silverman, New York, Vice President; Rabbi Isaac Moses, Treasurer; and Rabbi Harry Levy, Secretary.

1915: The International Congress of Women, where Rosika Schwimmer offered a proposal for a Neutral Conference for Continuous Mediation between the governments of the belligerents fighting the World War began today in The Hague.

1915: The Zion Mule Corps completed its landings at Cape Helles, four weeks after the unit had been formed.

1915: As the British Empire was fighting for its survival in WW I, the soap opera triangle involving Prime Minister H.H. Asquith, Venetia Stanley, the Jewish Liberal M.P.Edwin Samuel Montagu reached a climax when Venetia, who would convert to Judaism, “finally accepted Montagu’s proposal” of marriage.

1915: Birthdate of Bernard Phillips, the native of Minneapolis who earned a Ph.D. at Yale and became a professor of philosophy and religion.

1916: “Predicts a Massacre” published today described reports for a planned massacre of Jews that was being “arranged by reaction in Russia to being with the Easter holidays” as celebrated on the Greek calendar.

1916: “A sharp debate in an open session of the Senate today revealed the fact that a vote at the present time in the Judiciary Committee on the nomination of Louis D. Brandeis…for the Supreme Court of the United States would result in an adverse” because the Democratic members of the committee were not united behind Wilson’s nominee and the supporters of Brandeis were looking to line up support among Republican legislators.

1916: It was reported today that “Benjamin Schlessinger, President of the International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union …said that if the manufacturers carried out their threat of a lockout, the entire industry would be tied up next week” – a sentiment echoed by Morris Hillquit, the counsel for the union who “also predicted a long fight.

1917(6th of Iyar, 5677): (Parashat Tazria-Metzora

1917: Jacob H. Schiff donated “$10,000 to the American Red Cross” to purchase equipment for three United States military hospitals.

1917: In Columbus, OH, the former Selma Dallet and Samuel Ungerleider gave birth to Brown graduate and WW II Army veteran Samuel Ungerleider, Jr., the vice president of “the Central National Corporation Gottesman and Company and starting in 1969 President of the 92nd Street Young Men’s and Young Women’s Hebrew Association who was the husband of “the former Joy Gottesman,” with whom he had four children – Peter, Steven, Andrew and Jeane.

1917: At Temple Israel of Harlem, Rabbi M.H. is scheduled to deliver a Shabbat morning sermon on “Master and Servant.

1917: At Temple Emanu-El, Rabbi Silverman is scheduled to deliver a Shabbat morning sermon on “The Liberalism of the Jews.”

1917: “There were three names that called forth cheers each time they were mentioned at the opening of the eighth annual convention of the Kehillah of New York City in the Hebrew Technical School for Girls” tonight, three words that sum up the immediate heart interests of the delegates on the floor and crowds in the gallery – America, Russia, and Palestine.”

1917: “Rabbi J.L. Magnes, Chairman of the Executive announced tonight “that it had been decided to sever from the Kehillah its two important Bureaus of Education and Industry” so “that the bureaus might develop unhampered and at the same the Kehillah might work out the democratic experience without hindrance.”

1918: In New York, Morris Meltsner and Rose Klarman gave birth to Matilda Meltsner, the fourth of their five children.

1918: During World War I, The Jewish Board of Welfare Work and the Young Men’s Hebrew Association of Camden (NJ), is scheduled to host a dinner this evening for all of the Jewish young men who are about to begin their training at Fort Dix, NJ.

1918: The Hisradruth Ibrith, which had been formed in 1916 for the purpose of promoting Hebrew culture and reviving the Hebrew language held its second annual convention today in New York.

1918: The “Twelfth Semi-Annual Assembly” of the Eastern Council of Reform Rabbis began at New York today.

1918: Louis Marshall presided over a special meeting of the American Jewish Committee where the attendees who until had not “taken any active part in the Zionist movement adopted a resolution supporting the project based upon the declaration of the British government” which has also been approved by the French government” saying that the organization favors “the establishment of a national home for the Jewish people in Palestine.

1919: The funeral for 26 year old Harry Zuckerman, the “son of Henry and the late Sarah Zuckerman” is scheduled to take place in Chicago today.

1919: It was reported today that “the Federation of Galician and Bukowinian Jews” has joined in the protests against a proposed ordinance being considered by the Board of Alderman in New York City “forbidding meetings of non-citizens and prohibiting the use of foreign tongues” at all meetings.

1919: It was reported today “The Jewish Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Legion is about to be organized under the auspices of a new society calling itself the American Jewish Seventy Elders.”

1920: The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic came to an end today when it was replaced by the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic a product of the Red Army’s invasion under the direction of Lenin. The creation of the Soviet puppet state brought an end to Zionist activities in the region and the banning of Jewish and Hebrew cultural activities. A few hundred Jews were able to leave for Palestine but the rest would remain trapped and would not have the opportunity for Aliyah until the 1970’s

1920: Rabbi Ephraim Epstein, who has just returned from Poland, is scheduled to address a dinner meeting of the Directors of the Central Committee for the Relief of Jews Suffering Through The War on the conditions under which the Jews of Poland are living.

1921(20th of Nisan, 5681) Sixth Day of Pesach

1921: Lightweight Leach Cross (Louis Charles Wallach) fought his 141st bout.

1922: The first edition of The American Hebrew appeared.

1922: Funeral services were held today for seventy-four year old Russian born “Jewish scholar” and Rabbi, Simon Zaretsky, the founder of “Congregation Anshe Oshmane and the husband of Dora Zaretsky with whom he had five children, after which he was interred at Mount Sinai Cemetery.

1926: Three days after she had passed way, 72 year old Alice Rachel Henriques, “the eldest daughter” of Jacob Quixano and Elizabeth Waley was buried today at the “Balls Pond Road Jewish Cemetery.”



1928:  Birthdate of Yves Klein, French artist, who, among other things, was a major figure in school of art known as neo-Dadaism.

1928: Middleweight Seymour “Cy” Schindell fought his 21stbout today, which he lost.

1929: Birthdate of Avigdor Arikha, the Israeli artist who learned the power of art as a boy during the Holocaust when he sketched scenes from a concentration camp onto salvaged scraps of paper. Arikha, a painter, draftsman and printmaker, became one of Israel's most important contemporary artists, imbuing his portraits and scenes of daily life — a red umbrella against a wall, an overflowing bookshelf, a jumble of bottles in a cabinet — with enigmatic, disconcerting beauty.The artist, who abandoned abstract art for figurative work in the 1960s, was well-known for portraits of subjects including Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother and his close friend, writer Samuel Beckett. He also produced many probing portraits of himself and his wife, poet Anne Atik. "I paint not to get a copy of nature but to get with the brush what I see while I see it," he told The Times in 1987. "It's an act of observation by means of the brush. The instant cannot be repeated and the brushwork is organic. When you retouch it, you disorganize it. I can't bear to go back." Born in Romania, Arikha turned to drawing to cope when he was sent to a Ukrainian labor camp at age 12. Seventeen sketches survived the war: One showed a pile of corpses in a wagon and a woman's naked body being tossed into a grave. Arikha and his sister were rescued when his drawings came to the attention of the International Red Cross during a camp inspection. Arikha's father died in the Holocaust, and his mother learned that her children were alive in Palestine only after the war. Arikha lived on a kibbutz, studied at the Bezalel School and fought in the war over Israel's creation, during which he was wounded in 1948. Recognizing his talent, supporters in Israel insisted he go to Paris to study and financed him. He arrived in Paris in 1949 and built on the foundations of his Israeli studies at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts. Arikha's works are in collections around the world, including the National Portrait Gallery in London, the Los Angeles County Museum of Art and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. He also wrote extensively about art and was named a knight in France's Legion of Honor in 2005. Arikha died at the age of 81 from complications of cancer at his home in Paris, where he spent most of his adult life.

1929:  Birthdate of Carolyn Jones.  Born in Amarillo, Texas, Jones carved out a career on the stage, in films and television.  Her most famous role was as Mortica Addams, in the TV. hit, “The Addams Family.”  A convert to Judaism, Jones died tragically in 1983 at the age of 54, a victim of cancer.

1929: Aaron Rabinowitz and Lieutenant Governor Herbert Lehman take title to the building that had housed the Hoe & Co print plant so that they could convert the property into a cooperative housing project similar to one already created under the aegis of the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America on Sedgwick Avenue in the Bronx.

1930: Herman Bernstein, the U.S. Ambassador to Albania, presented his credentials today.

1932(22nd of Nisan, 5692): Eighth and Final Day of Pesach observed for the last time during the Presidency of Herbert Hoover.

1933: Birthdate of Warsaw native and Holocaust survivor Israel Himmelstaub who gained fame as Israel Shank, the Hebrew University Organic Professor and head of the Israeli League for Human and Civil Rights.

https://www.theguardian.com/news/2001/jul/06/guardianobituaries.physicalsciences

1933: Birthdate of Dr. Allan Rosenfield, who as dean of the Mailman School of Public Health at Columbia University will become a leading advocate for women’s health during the global H.I.V./AIDS epidemic.

1935: “The United Jewish Appeal, which seeks to raise $3,250,000 nationally on behalf of Jews in Germany, Eastern Europe and refugee settlements in Palestine” is scheduled to begin it drive today a dinner at the Commodore.

1936: Sixty-eight year old Faud I, the King of Egypt who continued the “friendly” attitude towards the Jews living in Egypt regardless of their citizen which had been followed during British rule passed away today.

1936: It was reported today that the Nazis “have waged a valiant battle to seize” the funds of the Felix Mendelsohn-Bartholdi Foundation to “assure that nobody of Mendelssohn’s own race shall become a beneficiary of his generosity.”

1936: In Nazareth, four British constables were injured by Arab demonstrators who stoned the police.

1936: A fire at a Jewish tannery in the Moledeth quarter near the village of Yazur ‘was discovered in time to prevent” it from spreading.

1936: In Jerusalem, this evening a Jew was sent to the hospital after having been “stabbed twice in the back by Arab.”

1936: Because of the Arab strike at the port of Jaffa, Tel Aviv merchants have stopped using the port and today “Jewish importers have cabled manufacturers abroad to send all goods to Haifa.”



1937: When the seven day sale of the art collection of the House of Lionel Rothschild ended tonight at Sotheby’s Galleries the items auctioned brought in a total of 125,262 pounds.

1938:  The Palestine Post reported on the arrival in Jerusalem of the four members of the new Palestine Commission, which was expected to study the situation and recommend to the British Government how to implement the country's partition. The Palestine Government welcomed the Commission and set it up at the Jerusalem's Government House. The Palestine Arab leadership objected to the Commission's presence and announced a total business strike. But only a fraction of the Arab-owned shops and businesses remained closed for a day.

1938: “Today was the last day that the United States was taking requests for emigration from Germany to the United States” at the consulate in Stuttgart.

1938: “Max and Suse Ettlinger” the parents of future Monuments Man Harry Ettlinger who “had been applying for years to Switzerland, Great Britain, France and the United States for permission to emigrate” without success “rode the train fifty miles to the U.S. Consulate in Stuttgart in search of answers to a few a question but instead were given more papers to fill out which for some unknown led to their getting permission to leave for America a few days later.

1939: Two days after he had passed away, funeral services are scheduled to be held this afternoon at Temple Rodelph Sholom for 77 year old Isaac Goldberg, the head of “trucking business” that had been founded by his father Jacob Goldberg and Democratic political leader who raised two sons – Bertram and Edwin – with his wife “the former Mae E. Perlberg.”

1940(20th of Nisan, 5700) Sixth Day of Pesach

1940: “Mr. Asch Returns From the Past” described Sholem Asch’s plans for writing a new novel which “will deal with Jewish life in America, more specifically in America.” 1941(1st of Iyar, 5701): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1941: Today, Federal Judge Charles C. Simons of Detroit was elected president of the biennial Council of the Union of American Hebrew Congregations.

1942: “Criticism of the British Government's policy in Palestine for its "appeasement" of the Arabs and refusal to permit creation of a Jewish army, and belief that victory by the United Nations would mean a "new day" for Jews throughout the world, were voiced today by speakers at the annual donor luncheon of the women's division of the American Jewish Congress.”

1943: Thomas "Toivi" Blatt and his family, with about 400 other Jewish people from Izbica, was transported by the Germans to Sobibor, where “all of Blatt's family were killed there, along with most of the people from his village.”

1943: During World War II, as British forces confronted the Axis Lance-Corporal John Patrick Kenneally single-handedly thwarted a planned attack by the Fascists when he charged down a slope at at Dj Arba, Tunisia, firing his Bren gun into the enemy formations. The enemy was so surprised that they broke and ran. Kenneally was awarded the Victoria Cross (VC).John Patrick Kenneally was an assumed name. He was the illegitimate son of a wealthy Jewish textile manufacturer in Manchester. His mother was an 18-year-old un-married daughter of a Birmingham pharmacist, who was disowned by her family.

1943: In the Warsaw Ghetto, the uprising enters into its tenth day.

1944: Mohammed Alim Khan “the last emir representative of the Uzbek dynasty” whom Levi Babakham, the father of Moshe Babakhanov and grandfather of Ari Babakhanov, served as “court vocalist” passed away today,

1944: “1,500 people suitable for labor were taken from the Kistarcsa internment camp to Osweicim” where “they were compelled to write encouraging notes to their relatives with datelines from “Waldsee” which “were brought by an SS-Courier to Budapest and were distributed by the Jewish Council.

1945: Benito Mussolini and his mistress were executed by Italian partisans and then hung by their heels from a sign at a local gas station.  

1945: Polish born French trade unionist Henri Krasucki returned to France after having survived Drancy, Auschwitz and Buchenwald.

1945: The Big Red One, including the 16th division whose member had included Samuel Fuller, “arrived near Selb and began advancing further east through Czechoslovakia.”

1945(15thof Iyar, 5705): Anna Kann, the wife of Jacob Kann and the mother of three children – Maurits, Johan and Jap – who died during the Shoah passed away today at Theresienstadt

1945: Tonight,  “a secretly formed International Prisoners Committee took control of the main camp at Dachau after “Victor Maurer, a representative of the International Red Cross negotiated an agreement to surrender the camp to U.S. troops.”

1945: Martin Dannenberg, “a counterintelligence officer” serving with Patton’s Third Army and Frank Perls, both of whom were Jewish, “found a manila folder sealed with red wax embossed with swastikas inside of which was an original four-page copy of the Nuremberg Laws signed by Adolf Hitler in September 1935, which stripped German Jews of their citizenship and prohibited Jews from marrying "Aryans".

1945: Film crews captured the arrival of several ferries carrying thousands of concentration survivors at Malmo, Sweden where “the undernourished victims took their first steps in freedom.”

1945: An armed revolt took place in the town of Dachau. Both former and escaped concentration camp prisoners, and a renegade Volkssturm (civilian militia) company took part. At about 8:30 AM the rebels occupied the Town Hall. The advanced forces of the SS gruesomely suppressed the revolt within a few hours.[

1945: Lieutenant Colonel Arkadi Timor entered the heart of Berlin at the head of the Fourteenth Soviet Armored Battalion.  At twenty-four he was one of the youngest officers to hold this rank in the Soviet Army. Despite the fact the Timor already knew that the Nazis had wiped out his entire family from his 2 year old sister to his 96 year old grandfather he refused to take revenge on the Berliners.  Instead, “he ordered his soldiers to hand out sop to the starving civilians” and he established the first kindergarten for German orphans.  After rising to the rank of Colonel, Timor whose interest in Judaism had been re-kindled was imprisoned in 1956.  His wife was told that he would never return from the Gulag.  But in 1960, thanks to secret negotiations, he was allowed to move to Israel where he provided invaluable assistance to the Israeli Ordinance forces as well as serving with valor in combat.

1946: “Representative Emanuel Celler of New York declared that” the British “decision to hold all of the 180,000 Jews of Tel Aviv responsible for the killing of seven British soldiers…was ‘Hitler technique.’” “Mr. Celler said that he as well as other responsible and God-fearing Jews deplored the terrorist activities, but to hold the entire city responsible ‘is exactly the same kind of perverted law that the German military brought with when it occupied Europe.’”  Representative Celler assailed the British for taking “a page out of Himmler’s book.”

1947: Birthdate of Robert Magnus who would serve as the 30th Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps.

1948(19th of Nisan, 5708): Fifth Day of Pesach

1948: Release date for “Letter from an Unknown Woman” based on story by Stefan Zweig and directed by Max Ophüls who also co-authored the script.

1948: Pitcher Saul Rogovin appeared in his first major league baseball game as a member of the Detroit Tigers.

1948: British troops pulled out of the last police fortress in their control in Upper Galilee, at Rosh Pinah in the valley immediately below Mount Canaan.  The fort was then occupied by the Haganah.

1948: Today, Secretary of State George C. Marshall appointed retired U.S. Army Major General and former assistant secretary John H. Hilldring to serve as “a special assistant to the Secretary of State in charge of Palestine Affairs.

1948: Approximately 50 children were evacuated from Kibbutz Gesher in the Jordan Valley.  The Jordanian Legion had attacked the kibbutz which was on the banks of the Jordan River in an attempt to seize the kibbutz’s bridge and an adjacent British police fortress.  Afer a lengthy and bloody battle the kibbutz members decided to transfer the children in the dead of the night to a safe haven.  The children were taken on a dangerous nighttime trek from the Kibbutz to Haifa and housed in an abandoned German monastery in the Bat Galim neighborhood adjacent to what is now the Rambam Medical Center.

1949: Birthdate of Dorothea Miriam Bratu, who as Miriam Hansen, “introduced a new level of sophistication to film studies with her groundbreaking study of American silent film and research on cinema and the human senses.” (As reported by Margalit Fox)

1952: Alfred W. Stern, a resident of Chicago who is a collector of Lincoln memorabilia presented the United States Library of Congress with “a scrapbook in which Lincoln” had “pasted newspaper account of his historic diabetes with Stephen A. Douglas.  The scrapbook was used as a printer’s copy for a book edited by Lincoln” entitled Debateswhich became a bestseller in 1860 when it reportedly sold 50,000. Thanks to the generosity of the Jewish American, the library, and therefore the American people, own the only book ever written or edited by The Great Emancipator.

1952:  The Jerusalem Post reported that for the second consecutive day the Jerusalem Labor Exchange closed after only 120 of Jerusalem's 2,000 jobless were willing to accept the offered forestation work. More than 450 were needed for this work daily, but the unemployed were reluctant to accept such jobs since the payment was set up according to production norms.

1952:  The Jerusalem Post reported that Jerusalem was still short of water since the Municipality could not manage to settle the debt of IL60,000 owed to the Jerusalem Electric Corporation.

1953(13th of Iyar, 5713): Ninety-five year old Odessa born, Yiddish acting star Sarah Levitzka Adler, the widow of famous Yiddish actor Jacob P. Adler with whom she raised five children including  actors Luther and Jack Adler and actresses Sarah, Frances and Julia Adler passed away today.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1953/04/29/92709781.pdf

1953: “Jewish Chaplain, Wounded in Korea, Awarded Purple Heart” published today described the how Chaplain Samuel Sobel earned this commendations while serving with the First Division in Korea.

1956: The recording of “The Greatest!! Count Basie Plays, Joe Williams Sings Standards” featuring “Tho Swell” and “This Can’t Be Love” both  by Lorenz Hart and Richard Rodgers, “Love is Here to Stay” and “S Wonderful” both by George and Ira Gershwin and “Fine Romance” by Dorothy Fields and Jerome Kern began today.

1957(27th of Nisan, 5717): Yom HaShoah

1957(27th of Nisan, 5717): Sixty year old “Jewish torch singer Belle Baker” passed away today.



https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1957/04/30/87271009.pdf



https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/baker-belle

1959(20thof Nisan, 5719): Sixth Day of Pesach

1959(20thof Nisan, 5719): Abraham Abelson, the Russian born American husband of Bessie Abelson passed away today after which he was buried in the Home of Peach Memorial Park in East Los Angeles.

1963(4th of Iyar, 5723) יום הזכרון Yom HaZikaron Israel Remembrance Day

1964(16th of Iyar, 5724): Seventy-one year old Alexandre Koyré the Russian born French academic whose field of interest was the philosophy and history of science passed away today in Paris.



1965: “My Name is Barbra” was broadcast this evening.


1966: Simon Gerson sponsored the Herbert Aptheker Testimonial Dinner at the Sutton Ballroom of the New York Hilton. (Pretty spiffy for an event hosted by members of the Communist Party USA)

1968:  Birthdate of Daisy Berkowitz, original guitarist with Marilyn Manson.

1969: Dr. Farouk Shabtai and his two brothers were released after almost two years of imprisonment by Egyptian authorities.  Over four hundred adult Jewish males were seized by the Egyptians at the start of the Six Days War and held in what they claimed was a form of “protective custody.”

1970(22nd of Nisan, 5730): Eighth and final day of Pesach



1971(3rdof Iyar, 5731): Yom HaZikaron

1971(3rdof Iyar, 5731): Eighty-five year old Polish born American textile manufacturer and philanthropist Israel Rogosin, the husband of Evelyn Rogosin and father of movie producer Lionel Rogosin passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/1971/04/29/archives/israel-rogosin-is-dead-ag-85-texgile-man-and-philanthropist.html

1971: Release date of Woody Allen’s “Bananas” co-starring Louise Lasser with music by Marvin Malisch.

1972(14thof Iyar, 5732): Pesach Sheni

1974: First baseman Mike Epstein, nicknamed “Super Jew” played his last big league game today with the American League California Angles.

1977: Birthdate of award winning author Dara Horn

https://njmonthly.com/articles/jersey-living/jersey-celebrities/horn-of-plenty-dara-horn-explores-jewish-culture/

1978: NBC broadcast the last episode of “C.P.O. Sharkey” a sitcom created by Aaron Ruben and starring Don Rickles.

1979: ABC broadcast the last episode of  “What’s Happening!!” a ground breaking urban themed sit com produced by Bud Yorkin, Saul Turtletaub and Bernie Orenstein.

1980: Moisei Tonkonogy, from Odessa, who was an exit visa when “his parents and sister went to Israel in 1973” was sentenced to a year in custody “for parasitism”.

1981: Today “the IAF (F-16A fighters from 117 squadron in Ramat David air base) shot down two Syrian helicopters over Lebanon.”

1982(5thof Iyar, 5742): Yom HaAtzma’ut

1983(15thof Iyar, 5743): Eighty year old Hebraist Dr. Harry Blumberg passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/1983/05/03/obituaries/dr-harry-blumberg-80-dies-former-professor-of-hebrew.html

 1984: In promoting his contention that "One of the principal elements in the study of Rambam is the unification of Jewry," the Rebbe explained that when everyone studies the same thing on the same day, their learning is united across continents. The Rebbe added that when different people study the same topic, they will come to discuss and debate it. This friendly and scholarly debate, the Rebbe said, will bring people closer to each other, contributing to unity among Jews.”

1985:  Several thousand people attended a ceremony marking the 40th anniversary of the liberation of the Nazi concentration camp Dachau, near Munich.

1987: Rabbi Arnold Resincoff deliver his prayer, “To Keep the Dream Alive,” at the National Civic Holocaust Remembrance Ceremony in the Capitol rotunda.

1987:Today, Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir went to Paris in order, as he put it, to ''undermine European support for an international conference.'' This puts him at loggerheads with Foreign Minister Shimon Peres and threatens to end the Likud-Labor coalition currently governing Israel.

1988: The final episode of Season 4 of the Cosby Show which was co-created by Ed Weinberger who also scripts for the show, was broadcast this evening.

1990: After 6,137 performances at the Shubert Theatre the curtain came down on the original production of “A Chorus Line” with lyrics by Edward Kleban and music by Marvin Hamlisch.

1991: The New York Timesreports that Israeli commemorative coins “appeal more to the heartstrings than to the purse strings.” Some examples of this are “the coins struck for Israel's 1991 Independence Day to commemorate the immigration of Jews from around the world, a process that is continuing with the arrival of Jews from Ethiopia and the Soviet Union. In 1950, the Israeli Parliament passed the Law of Return, which guarantees citizenship to any Jewish immigrant. Since then, millions of Jews have immigrated. Previous surges of such immigration have strained the Israeli Government's resources, and the new surge's proportions are nearly overwhelming. To raise money for the new immigrants, Israel has been selling bonds and seeking donations. The Government Coins and Medals Corporation has minted three new commemoratives. The three coins are similar in design. Each shows immigrants alighting from a Boeing 747. Around the outside of the coin, in English and Hebrew, appears a phrase from the Book of Jeremiah: "I will gather them out of all countries." On the other side is a wide band running through the center of the coin with a large numeral -- the coin's value. The coins are available in one-shekel and two- and 10-sheqalim pieces. The smaller denominations are 92.5 percent silver, while the 10-sheqalim piece is 90 percent gold. The coins will have a limited mintage -- 15,000 of each silver coin and 6,000 gold 10-sheqalim coins. The silver shekel and the gold 10-sheqalim coin both weigh close to half a troy ounce, while the two-Shekalim coin is nearly a troy ounce of silver. The prices are $32 for the large proof silver two-Shekalim coin and $52 for both the brilliant uncirculated one-shekel and the proof two-Shekalim coins. The gold proof 10-sheqalim coin is $399. All are packaged in a presentation case. The coins may be ordered from the American Israel Numismatic Association.”

1995: “Destiny Turns On The Radio” a comedy featuring Allen Garfield was released today in the United States.

1996: “Big the musical” with tunes by David Shire and a book by John Weidman, the son of Jerome Weidman opened on Broadway at the Schubert Theatre.

1996(9th of Iyar, 5756): Dora “Dutch” Sudarsky, who had been married to sportscaster Bill Mazer for fifty years, passed away today.

1997(21st of Nisan, 5757): Seventh Day of Pesach; Yizkor for Reform

1999(12th of Iyar, 5759): Arthur Leonard Schawlow, American physicist and Nobel Prize laureate passed away.

2000: “Rabbi at end of 1800’s wasn’t really a rabbi” published today declared that Jacob Voorsanger, a leading 19th century rabbi who led Congregation Emanu-El  in San Francisco  was never ordained according to Visions of Reform: Congregation Emanu-El and the Jews of San Francisco 1849-1999 by Fred Rosenbaum.

http://www.jweekly.com/article/full/13100/rabbi-at-end-of-1800s-wasn-t-really-a-rabbi/

2000:  Birthdate of Jacob Levin.  A native of Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Mr. Levin is the most wonderful grandson in the world.

2001(5th of Iyar, 5761): Seventy-six year old Yaakov, the sabra who the Israel Prize Winner whose architectural work included the Charles Bronfman Auditorium and the National Jewish Center for Learning and Leadership, both in Tel Aviv, passed away today.

http://www.haaretz.com/culture/arts-leisure/sliding-up-the-rechter-scale-1.5338

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_Palace_(Tel_Aviv)

2001(5th of Iyar, 5762): Ninety four year old Vienna born Professor Marie Jahoda, the foremost social psychologist who “worked as a researcher for the American Jewish Committee” passed away today. (As reported by Wolfgang Saxon)

https://www.nytimes.com/2001/05/10/world/marie-jahoda-94-studied-work-and-women.html

2002: An exhibition entitled “New York: Capital of Photography” opens at The Jewish Museum in New York City.

2002: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Master of the Senate by Robert Caro

2003(26thof Nisan, 5763): Fifty-six year old Ira Herskowitz, the Brooklyn born American geneticist passed away in San Francisco.

https://www.the-scientist.com/news-analysis/ira-herskowitz-dies-51712

2004: Omer Golan made his international debut for the Israel national football team when he came on as a 74th minute substitute for Eyal Berkovich in a friendly against the Moldova national football team” today.

2005(19thof Nisan, 5765): Fifth Day of Pesach

2005: Today, “after several years of construction,” Steve Wynn opened the Wynn Las Vegas, which at that time “was his most expensive resort.

2005: In Waterloo, IA, three year old twins Ben and Noah Susskind along with their parents Robin Gurien and Josh Susskind rise to the challenge of celebrating Pesach in a semi-rural Eastern Iowa.

http://www.jta.org/2005/04/29/archive/around-the-jewish-world-a-small-town-in-iowa-isnt-new-york-but-people-figure-out-ways-to-be-jewish

2006(1stof Iyar, 5766): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

2006(1stof Iyar, 5766): Israeli composer Ben-Zion Orgad, the native of Gelsenkirchen, Germany who made Aliyah in 1933, passed away today in Tel Aviv.

2006: Ninety-seven year old Noble prize winner Rita Levi-Montalcini attended the first meeting of the Senate in Italy.

2006: “The TV Set,” a comedy directed and written by Jake Kasdan who co-produced the film with Judd Apatow premiered at Tribeca today.

2007: The Cedar Rapids Gazette featured an article entitled “Temple Judah Plans for big crowd at Big Dinner.”  The article describes the preparations and purpose for this major event in the Jewish community that is scheduled for Sunday, May 6.  The article includes a large picture of Rugalach “a sweet pastry prepared by members of Temple Judah.”

2008: Seven months after a “limited theatrical release, the DVD of “I Want Someone to Eat Cheese with” a comedy directed, produced and written by Jeff Garlin who also starred in the film with Sarah Silverman was made today.

2008(23rd of Nisan, 5768): Ninety year old air pioneer Diana Barnato Walker passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/12/world/europe/12walker.html?_r=0

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-564237/She-flew-Spitfires-woman-break-sound-barrier--racy-life-original-fast-lady.html

2008: The Jerusalem Cinematheque presents a screening of: We Who Remained Among the Living” and “Pizza At Auschwitz” 

2008:The New York Timesreports thatSchindler’s 100th Birthday Is Private Affair for Survivors.”As he does every year on the birthday of Oskar Schindler, Nahum Manor will make a pilgrimage to the famed factory owner’s grave on Mount Zion. Manor, 85, met his wife while working in Schindler’s factory. “My life changed very dramatically when I started working at Schindler’s factory,” he said. “We moved from hell to a kind of paradise.” April 28 would have been Schindler’s 100th birthday, and around the world there will be scattered, locally inspired memorials to the factory owner who saved 1,100 lives during the Holocaust and was immortalized in Steven Spielberg’s 1993 film “Schindler’s List.” In New Jersey, Sol Urbach, a Schindler survivor, will be at a small ceremony at the Kaplen Jewish Community Center in New Jersey that his daughter helps organize every year. In Krakow, Poland, last month, 30 Schindler survivors joined a march to commemorate the 65th anniversary of the liquidation of the city’s ghetto, winding from the ghetto to the concentration camp to remember the liquidation and honor Schindler. The march ended at the Palace of Art, where more than 500 photos of Schindler and his factory were on display. Many elements of Holocaust memorialization have become ritualized to intense levels of detail and organization. But Schindler has not yet earned any regular form of commemoration. The homegrown ceremonies that have sprung up around his birthday suggest the personal ways in which many Holocaust survivors are still dealing with their experiences of horror and heroism. “What we have seen recently is the routinization of Holocaust commemoration,” said Michal Bodemann, a professor at the University of Toronto who has written about Holocaust remembrance. Bodemann said the individualized commemorations of Schindler hark back to an earlier era. “From 1945 up to 1978, all commemoration was personal, out of the public eye,” Bodemann said. “It is important to see,” Bodemann added, “that the Schindler Jews have their own private way of celebrating Schindler that is very different from what is happening in public.” Schindler was born in 1908 in Svitavy, Austria-Hungary, which is now a part of the Czech Republic. Under his watch, his family’s business dissolved into near bankruptcy. But when the war started, he saw a business opportunity in following the German army into Poland. There, he used his connections to secure a factory in Krakow that made pots and pans and defective munitions for the German forces.Driven by profits, he used the cheapest labor around: Jews. But on March 12, 1943, Schindler changed his life, the life of his workers and history. Addressing his workers, he told them not to go home that night. The Krakow ghetto, he said, would be liquidated the next day. Schindler had witnessed the killings and decided he must protect his laborers. He built his own concentration camp as a satellite to Kraków-Plaszów, and his staff compiled the now famous list of workers he wanted transferred to his camp.Schindler’s dramatic change in character - from a self-absorbed playboy to a caring hero willing to risk his life to save others - attracted Thomas Keneally, the Australian author who wrote “Schindler’s Ark.” The book was later renamed “Schindler’s List,” and used in Spielberg’s movie. “You’d expect Oskar to be a perfect Nazi,” Keneally said from his home in Melbourne, Australia. “He was a good German lad. You’d think he’d be a pushover for the dominant propaganda about race, but he wasn’t. It is a remarkable legacy in that way.” Schindler’s story has become the core of many of the personalized efforts to commemorate the man. Lili Haber, whose father was on Schindler’s list, organized a symposium that will coincide with Schindler’s birthday, to take place in Ariel, Israel, on behalf of the Association of Krakovians in Israel. Haber hopes to fill the 400-seat auditorium with students. The symposium will include a panel discussion featuring a Holocaust scholar and 10 to 20 survivors. “It is important for young people to learn Schindler’s legacy,” Haber, said. “This way, we show young people Schindler’s great accomplishments and what he risked.” In New Jersey, rather than focusing on history, the Schindler admirers have designed a ceremony that will have more of a personal, religious bent. Families and members of the community will gather in the Kaplen JCC. The ceremony will begin with a playing of Itzhak Perlman’s music from “Schindler’s List.” The Kaddish, the Jewish prayer for the deceased, will be recited, as will the “El Maleh Rachamim,” the prayer for the souls of the deceased. A candle lighting will take place, too, and a survivor will address the audience. “Schindler was a very personal hero,” said Barbara Urbach Lissner, Urbach’s 53-year-old daughter. “That is always acknowledged on a personal level, but as a community the focus is on the tremendous loss and the tremendous sadness.” For many survivors, the personal nature of the connection to Schindler means that remembering the man does not require his birthday or a ceremony. “I think of Schindler most of the time. I don’t have to wait for his birthday,” said the youngest member of Schindler’s list, Leon Leyson, who is 78 and lives in Los Angeles. “I could be spreading margarine on my toast,” Leyson said, “and I’ll remember having that little piece of margarine as part of the ration and remember that Schindler had given me bread and, at that time, that was as precious as you can imagine.” In Jerusalem, where Schindler is buried, there are always a number of people who congregate at his grave for his birthday, though not in any organized fashion. Manor said he was considering going to Krakow this year, but he did not need to return to remember. “It wouldn’t be right to say we are going back, because we are always back,” he said. “We never leave Krakow, nor Schindler, nor the war.”

2008:Yossi Harel was be buried at the Caesarea-area kibbutz, Sdot Yam today. Harel, who commanded four ships bringing Jews to Israel illegally, died at the age of 90 in Tel Aviv. Harel assisted 24,000 Jews in reaching Israel aboard four ships, including the famed SS Exodus, between 1945 and 1948. Great Britain, which controlled the region at the time, banned Jewish immigration due to Arab pressure. The other three ships were called Knesset Yisrael (Gathering of Israel), Atzma'ut (Independence) and Kibbutz Galuyot (Ingathering of the Exiles).The Exodus was made famous by a film of the same name. Born in 1919, Harel was the sixth generation in his family born in Jerusalem. At the age of 15 he joined the pre-state Haganah defense force. By the age of 28 he oversaw the clandestine immigration operations bringing Jews, many of them survivors of the Holocaust, to the Holy Land. Later on, Harel oversaw the IDF’s Unit 131, an intelligence unit that ran a spy ring in Egypt until the so-called Lavon Affair of 1954.

2009: “Picturing the Shoah,” a film festival sponsored by YIVO that explores how movies have represented the Holocaust from radical, provocative, and unexpected angles continues with an exhibition of “Lili Marleen.”

2009 (4 Iyar): Yom Hazikaron – Israel Remembrance Day - Israel's National Memorial Day for the Fallen and the Victims of Terrorhttp://www.jafi.org.il/education/festivls/ZKATZ/ZK/index.html

2009(4 Iyar, 5769) Richard J. Pratt passed away. Born Ryszard Przecicki, in 1934 he “was a prominent Australian businessman, chairman of the privately owned company Visy Industries, and a leading figure of Melbourne society. In the year before his death Pratt was Australia's fourth richest person, with a personal fortune was valued at A$5.48 billion dollars. Pratt was appointed an Officer, of the Order of Australia; however he returned his awards in February 2008 after he was fined $36 million for price fixing.”

2009:Journalist and motivational speaker Jean Chatzky discusses her new book, “The Difference: How Anyone Can Prosper in Even The Toughest Times,” at the U.S. Department of the Interior.

2009:The National Jewish Democratic Council (NJDC) welcomes Pennsylvania Senator Arlen Specter to the Democratic Party following the longtime Republican Senator’s announcement today that he is “crossing the aisle.”  Specter becomes the 12 Jewish Democratic Senator.  The number will rise to 13 with the seating of Al Frankin from Minnesota

2010: The American Sephardi Federation is scheduled to sponsor “Daughters of Sara, Mothers of Israel: Jewish Women of Medieval Gerona,” the first of two lectures on the Jews of Catalonia. 

2010:Israeli singer songwriter Danny Robas, one of Israel's most unique musicians in the last 20 years is scheduled to perform at Le Poisson Rouge in New York City.

2010: “The Duel,” a film based on the novel of the same name directed by Israeli Dover Kosashvili was released in the United States today.

2011: Rabbi Joseph Krakoff is scheduled to lead the discussion at Congregation Shaarey Tzedek’s “Tequila and Talmud” in West Bloomfield, Michigan.

2011: Graveside services will be held today at Zion Memorial Park for Holocaust surivior Gora Hudesa Gora

2011:A bomb killed 15 people including two Jews who were among 10 foreigners in Morocco's bustling tourist destination of Marrakesh, state television said today in an attack that bore the hallmark of Islamist militants. The Jewish woman was reportedly an Israeli citizen and pregnant. The blast ripped through a cafe overlooking Marrakesh's Jamaa el-Fnaa square, a spot that is often packed with foreign tourists. A Reuter’s photographer said he saw rescuers pulling dismembered bodies from the wreckage.

2011: Wisconsin offensive guard Gabe Carimi was drafted in the first round of the 2011 NFL Draft by the Chicago Bears.

2012: Jacob Wertheimer, the son of former Heavyweight Boxing Champion Muhammad Ali's daughter Khaliah Ali Wertheimer and her husband Spencer Wertheimer had his Bar Mitzvah ceremony in the congregation Rodeph Shalom in Philadelphia

2012: Bonnie Franklin “was among several stars who appeared at the 28th annual Southland Theatre Artists Goodwill Event (STAGE) benefit, titled Original Cast 3, at the Saban Theatre in Beverly Hills to benefit AIDS Project Los Angeles” which “raised more than $200,000 for APLA's work with clients living with HIV and AIDS in Los Angeles County.”

2012: “Gainsbourg: A Heroic Life,” a film that tells “the story of a boy born to Russian-Jewish parents in Nazi-occupied Paris rising to international fame” is scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2013(18th of Iyar, 5773):  33rd day of the Omer – Lag B’Omer

2013(18th of Iyar, 5773): Eighty-eight year old world renowned cellist Janos Starker passed away today. (As reported by Margalit Fox)

http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/30/arts/music/janos-starker-master-cellist-dies-at-88.html

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/10025887/Janos-Starker.html

2013: Rabbi Alfredo Borodowski is scheduled to lead “Finding God: A Workshop” at the Skirball Center

2013: Lubavitch of Iowa City is scheduled to host its annual Lab B’Omer BBQ this afternoon

2013: The Jewish Food Festival is scheduled to be held at the River Market Pavilion in Little Rock, AR.

http://www.jewisharkansas.org/content/events/food_fest.asp

2013: The New York Timesfeatures reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Flamethrowers by Rachel Kushner and Al Capp: A Life to the Contrary by Michael Schumacher and Denis Kitchen

2013: The Maccabeats are scheduled to perform at the Yom Ha’Atzmaut celebration sponsored by the Jewish Community Association of Greater Phoenix.

2013: “Steal a Pencil for Me,” the opera composed by Gerald Cohen with a libretto by Deborah Brevoorst will debut at Congregation Shaarei Tikvah in Scarsdale, NY.

2013: Friends and family gather to celebrate the birthday of Jacob Levin

2013: Phil Hochberg was honored before today’s game between the Washington Nationals and Cincinnati Reds.

2013: The Israel Air Force bombed two sites in the Gaza Strip early this morning in response to a Qassam rocket that was fired from Gaza into southern Israel last night.

http://www.israelhayom.com/site/newsletter_article.php?id=8893

2013:While some in Israel are enjoying the first flush of summer of recent days, hitting the beach and packing out the cafes and boulevards, the unseasonably hot weather has brought the usual spate of wildfires and heatstroke cases as people celebrate Lag B’Omer

2013: Israel will not tolerate a "drizzle" of rockets on its territory, Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu told the cabinet today, explaining an IAF strike in Gaza hours earlier against a terror facility and weapons storage site in southern Gaza.

2014(28thof Nisan, 5774): Yom HaShoah

http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/179973#.VT2V6pvwt9A

2014: In New Orleans, the keynote speaker at the Holocaust Memorial Program is scheduled to be eighty-eight year old Philip Bialowitz, one of only seven survivors of the Sobribor revolt at the Nazi death camp who was 17 at the time of the revolt, joined with his brother and others to overwhelm the guards and helped free 200 of the 600 prisoners housed there” whose memoir is A Promise at Sobribor: A Jewish Boy’s Story of Revolt and Survival in Nazi-Occupied Poland. (As reported by the Crescent City Jewish News)

2014: Rabbi Sara Luria is scheduled to present the first in a three part lecture series “Jewish Spirituality Through Water: Reclaiming an Ancient Tradition” at the Skirball Center.

2014: Rob Reiner is scheduled to be honored tonight at the 41st Chaplin Award Gala by several notables including James Caan and Billy Crystal.

2014: As part of The William Rosenwald and Ruth Israels Roswenwald Course in Contemporary Jewish History Yitschak Schwartz is scheduled to lecture on “How We Here: Judaism in America, 1654-2014

2014: Lena Gilbert, a leading member of Temple Judah in Cedar Rapids, IA, is scheduled to deliver a lecture tonight at Cornell College in Mt. Vernon on her life as the daughter of Holocaust Survivors.

2014: Friends and family prepare to celebrate the natal of Jacob Levin, whose academic, musical and Hebraic skills mark him as a budding “Renaissance Man” adding to the fact that he has already proven himself to be a Mensch par excellence

2015: “The Dove Flyer” and “Almost Friends” are scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2015: The Washing Society of Jewish Deaf is scheduled to present a screening of “Lost and Sound.”

2015: Dr. Michael Hornum Archaeologist and Smithsonian Scholar is scheduled to deliver his final lecture on the “Archaeology of Israel – From Canaanite to Israelite” The Transformation from Bronze Age City States to the Iron Age National State” at Beth Shalom in Howard County, MD.

2015: The Jewish Historical Society of England is scheduled to sponsor a presentation by Shirli Gilbert author of Music in the Holocaust in which she “examines the role of music in the Nazi ghettos and camps and the insight it offers into victims' responses”   For more see http://holocaustmusic.ort.org/and

http://www.southampton.ac.uk/history/about/staff/sg4u06.page

2016(20thof Nisan, 5776): Sixth Day of Pesach

2016: The 92nd Street Y is scheduled to host an evening with Paul Krugman of the New York Times discussing the condition and future of the economy.

2016: Despite Prime Minister Netanyahu’s public support of the Republican position on the Iran nuclear agreement, “President has proposed granting Israel the largest package of military aid ever provided by the United States to another nation” – a proposal that the Israeli Prime Minister is challenging based, some say” on his “calculation that he can reach a more advantageous deal with a future president.”

2016: Hainan Airlines, the largest private carrier in China, is scheduled to begin flights between Ben Gurion Airport and China today.

2016: The exhibition “Dorothy Bohm: Sixties London” opened at the Jewish Museum in London.

2016: “Paul Rudd Set To Star As Moe Berg In Fact-Based WWII Tale The Catcher Was A Spy” published today described plans for Paul Rudd to start in “The Catcher Was a Spy” directed by Ben Lewin and based on the biography about Moe Berg by Nicholas Dawidoff.

2016: Friends and family celebrate the all-important 16th birthday of Jacob Levin!

2017: Today “it was announced that an eight-episode revival of ‘Roseanne’” starring Roseanne Barr, “was in the works.”

2017: Today “President Trump proclaimed May 2017 Jewish American Heritage Month, marked annually since 2006 across the United States and preceded each year with an announcement by the sitting President.

2017: MJE is scheduled to host “Spring Season – Opening Day” – a baseball themed Shabbat dinner held in conjunction with B’nai B’rith

2017: The Iowa Community Theatre performed “The Diary of Anne Franke,” a played based on The Diary of Young Girl, newly adapted by Wendy Kesselman

2017: The Oxford University Jewish Society the first Friday night service and Shabbat dinner for this term.

2017: In Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Holocaust Survivor Dr. Jacob Eisenbach is scheduled to speak at Temple Judah, the congregation he once served as President.

2017: In addition to Kindling the lights of Shabbat, the friends and family of Jacob will be lighting the lights for his 17th birthday.

2018(13thof Iyar, 5778): Parashat Acharay-Kedoshim;

2018(13thof Iyar, 5778): Ninety-six Bronx born photographer Art Shay, “another Jew with a camera” passed away today (As reported by James Estrin)

https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/10/obituaries/art-shay-whose-camera-captured-the-famous-and-the-everyday-dies-at-96.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

http://www.artshay.com/

https://chicago.suntimes.com/news/art-shay-legendary-photographer-dies-at-96/

2018: Double mitzvah – Shabbat and celebration of Jacob Levin’s 18thbirthday which fittingly enough falls when Jews start reading “The Holiness Code.”

2018: Atara Frish’s “The Love Letter” is scheduled to be shown for the last time at the Tribeca Film Festival.

2018: Zoe Pelts is scheduled to become a Bat Mitzvah at Temple Israel, Memphis, TN’s largest congregation.

2019: The Illinois Holocaust Museum is scheduled to host “Together We Remember,” a commemoration of Genocide Awareness and Prevention Month.

2019: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Losing Earth: A Climate History by Nathaniel Rich, the son of Frank Rich and Uncertain Manifesto, “a recently translated book from Swiss-born French writer and artist Frédéric Pajak” that highlights the “recurring motif is the story of Walter Benjamin, the German Jewish philosopher and cultural critic who witnessed Europe being consumed by fascism.”

2019: While Jews and all decent human beings mourn for the murdered victim at the Chabad of Poway and pray for the “perfect healing” of the wounded investigators have said that the perpetrator was a nineteen year old white male who had tried to burn down a mosque and was enamored with white supremacist who had murdered a record number of Jews six months ago.

2019: Pesach ended yesterday, but the big holiday is today as the friends and family of Jacob Levin who is spending a year studying in Israel honor his natal day.

2020(4thof Iyar, 5780): Yom Hazzikaron

https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/masas-annual-yom-hazikaron-ceremony-goes-online-626046

https://reformjudaism.org/yom-hazikaron-history-customs

2020: On the same day that we remember with sadness all of those who have made the ultimate sacrifice be it as fighters or victims of terror for the creation and maintenance of the State of Israel, friends and family of Jacob Levin remember that today is the natal day of this mensch and grandson par excellence.

2020: The Streicker Center is scheduled to host John Kenrick as he takes a virtual “Look at ‘Funny Girl.’”

2020: The Jewish Alliance for Law and Social is scheduled to host, virtually, “Schmoozefest: Social Justice Conversation, Music and Comedy.”

2020: HaMaqom|The Place educator Tamar Zaken is scheduled to virtually lead “a class about the experiences of Sephardic, Middle Eastern and North African Jews in Israel.”

2020: Rina Neiman is scheduled to participate in three 30 minute webinars in which she discusses Born Under Fire,“her historical novel based on her mother’s life in pre-state Israel.”


This Day, April 29, In Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb Levin Z"L

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April 29

711: According to some sources the date on which an army led by Tariq ibn Ziyad landed at Gibraltar marking the start of the Moslem conquest of the Iberian Peninsula with all that would come to mean for the Jewish population during the next seven centuries.  

1221: Honorius III issued “Ad nostram Noveritis audientiam” a Papal Bull obligating Jews to carry a distinctive badge and forbidding them to hold public office.

1280(21st of Iyar, 5040): French rabbi Issac ben Joseph of Corbeil, the son-in-law of Jeheil ben Joseph of Paris, passed away today.

1464: Coronation of Matthias Covinus as King of Hungary and Croatia which marked an improvement in the conditions of the Jews as can be seen by his creation of “the office of Jewish prefect in Hungary.”

1520: A Sephardic Jew known as “Shealtiel” to whom Elijah Miztahi, the Chief Rabbi of the Ottoman had transferred the power of tax collection was returned to the office after having lost the job in 1518 in what may have been a power struggle between the Romaniot and Sephardic Jewish communities.

1614(20th of Iyar, 5374): Polish Halakhist and Talmudist Joshua ben Alexander HaCohen Falk, author of commentaries on Arba’ah Turim and Shulkhan Arukh passed away today.

1624:  In France, Richelieu assumes as Prime Minister of Louis XIII. Although Louis had reaffirmed the expulsion of the Jews in a declaration issued in 1615, Richelieu would write a letter (which Louis would sign) in 1632 allowing the Jews of Metz to remain in that city.  There is no evidence that Richelieu was philo-Semitic.  Rather he realized that having just captured Metz, the city would lose some of its commercial value if the Jews were expelled.

1659: In a dispute arising out of the business of trapping and shipping beaver pelts,  Asser Levy as attorney in fact for Abraham Cohen, "Jew at Amsterdam," appeared in the Court of Burgomasters and Schepens (Municipal Court) of New Amsterdam to demand from Cornelis Janss Plavier  the money he had received from Cohen. Plavier admitted the loan. Levy refused to accept a 460 guilder payment, and demanded imprisonment or public sale of Plavier's goods. The Court ordered the defendant to pay any balance due on the loan

1679(17th of Iyar, 5439): Joshua da Silva, the Hakham of the Spanish and Portuguese Synagogue in London who was followed in office by Jacob Abendana passed away today.

1688: Frederick, the future King of Prussia who would appoint Aaron ben Benjamin Wolf as Chief Rabbi of Berlin, became Duke of Prussia.

1697: Beila Levy, the wife of Isaac Levy with whom she had three children, passed away today, almost exactly two years after the death of her husband.

1699: In Paris the French Academy of Science holds its first public meeting at the Louvre.  While the Academy includes many Jewish members today, including David Baltimore and Israel Gelfand, this was not always the case.  For example, Madame Curie was denied admittance because she reportedly had at least one Jewish parent.  Poor Madame Curie – she was Polish and not Jewish but then facts never get in the way of bigotry.

1769(22nd of Nisan, 5529): Eighth Day of Pesach; Yizkor

1769: According to some, the birthdate of Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington. Others use the date of May 1, 1769.  Regardless of which date is used, Wellington comes up short of the mark as far as Jews are concerned because of his opposition to their emancipation when he was Prime Minister. 



1770: Birthdate of Lazarus Gumpel the native of Hildesheim, who became a successful businessman in Hamburg where he helped to found a Reform Temple in 1817.

1774(18th of Iyar, 5534): Jews living in Colonial America celebrate their last Lag B’Omer as subjects of King George III.

1783: Birthdate of German native “Fanni Fradele Hajim,” the husband of Immanuel Einstein with whom she had five children.

1793(17th of Iyar, 5553: Rabbi Yechezkel ben Yehuda Landau passed away.He was an influential authority in halachah (Jewish law). He is best known for the work Nodah bi-Yehudah,” by which title he is also known. Landau was born in Opatow, Poland, and attended yeshiva at Vladimir and Brody. In Brody, he was appointed Dayan(rabbinical judge) in 1734, and in 1745 he became rabbi of Jampol. While in Jampol, he attempted to mediate between Jacob Emden and Jonathan Eybeschütz in a debate - "The Emden-Eybeschütz Controversy" - that "had disrupted Jewish communal life for many years". His role in the controversy is described as "tactful" and brought him to the attention of the Prague community where he as appointed rabbi in 1755. He also established a Yeshiva there; Avraham Danzig, author of Chayei Adam,” is amongst his best known students. Landau was highly esteemed not only by the community, but also by others; and he stood high in favor in government circles. Thus, in addition to his rabbinical tasks, he was able to intercede with the government on various occasions when anti-Semitic measures had been introduced. Though not opposed to secular knowledge, he objected to "that culture which came from ", in particular Moses Mendelssohn’s translation of the Pentateuch. His main work entitled “Nodah bi-Yehudah("Known in Judah"), is one of the principal sources of Jewish law of his age. This collection was esteemed by rabbis and scholars, both for its logical discussion and for its independence with regard to the rulings of other Acharonim as well as its simultaneous adherence to the writings of the Rishonim. Other works include Dagul Mervavah on the Shulkhan Arukh and Tziyun le-Nefesh Chayah (abbreviated as Tzelach, named in reference to his mother, whose name was Chayah) on the Talmud.”

1796(21st of Nisan, 5556): Seventh Day of Pesach

1796: Sarah Mocatta and David Abarbanel Lindo gave birth to Elia David Abarbanel Lindo, the husband of Susan Lyon.

1797: Sara Mocatta and David Abarbanel Lindo gave birth to Abraham David Lindo.

1801: In Darmstdat, Germany, Alexander Wollf, “a merchant well versed in the Talmud” and his wife gave birth to Rabbi Abraham Alexander Wolff, the future leader of the Copenhagen Jewish community.

1805: Eliza Aarons married Simon Levy, a merchant, in Charleston, SC.

1805: Joseph Moses married Lydia Levy at the Great Synagogue today.

1811: In Prague, Markus Löw Popper and Esther Popper gave birth to Isaias Popper.

1819: Birthdate of Moses Angel who succeeded H.A. as Mast of the Talmud Torah Department at Jews’ Free School in 1840 before becoming Headmaster of JFS.

1823: Moss Lyons married Catherine Polack at the New Synagogue today.

1826(22nd of Nisan, 5586): Eighth Day of Pesach; Yizkor

1826: As Jews munch on their Matzah, the Greeks fear the aftermath of the victory of the Ottoman victory at MIssolonghi during the Greek revolt against the Turks.

1827: Sara Levy and Abraham Slowman gave birth to solicitor Louis Charles Lumley, the husband of Charlotte Joseph and father of Amy, Aubrey, Gerald and Claude Lumley.

1829: Bernard Cowvan married Henrietta Poole at the Great Synagogue today.

1830: Birthdate Adolph Sutro the native of Aachen, Germany, the brother of Otto Sutro, the 24th mayor of San Francisco who was also the city’s first Jewish chief executive.

https://www.nps.gov/goga/learn/historyculture/adolph-sutro.htm

https://www.nps.gov/goga/learn/historyculture/sutro-baths.htm

1832: In High Holborn, Middlesex, Phoebe and Ephraim Benjamin gave birth to Mary Benjamin.

1833: Birthdate of Michael Friedländer, a native of Posen who became principle of Jews’ College In London created one of the most popular English translate of Guide to the Perplexedby Maimonides.

1833: Rosetta Isaacs and Henry Magnus gave birth to Edward Magnus.

1835: Leman Zox married Maria Myers at the Great Synagogue today.

1835: In Charleston, SC Charlotte Lazarus, the youngest daughter of Marks Lazarus married Dr. De La Motta.

1840: Birthdate of Leopold Jacoby, the son of a cantor who “received his doctorate” in 1867 and became and M.D. in 1870.

1847: In Mainz, Samuel Strauss and Rosalia Drucker gave birth to Arthur Strauss, the Conservative MP and husband of Mina Cohen.

1849: A group of Jews in Wheeling, which was still a part of Virginia, who starting this year held “Holy Days” services in the third floor of a house at 14th and Main Streets until 1856, purchased the Mount Wood Cemetery today.

1853: In the House of Lords, the Earl of Aberdeen moved the second reading of the Bill for removal of Jewish Disabilities and strongly urged the removal of this most irritating restriction on the civil liberties of a section of British subjects.  The Earl of Shaftesbury opposed the bill and moved it bread that six months.  He trembled at the consequences to Christianity if Jews were admitted on a civil equality with Christians.  Such measures would expel Christianity from the ear but they might destroy it in Great Britain.  The Earl of Albemarle, the Archbishop of Dublin and the Bishop of St. David’s supported the bill while the Bishop of Salisbury, Early of Darnley, Earl of Harrowby and others, opposed it on religious grounds.  The bill was defeated with 115 voting for it and 164 voting against it. The Earl of Aberdeen has addressed the House of Lords telling them that he had changed his mind about the Jewish Disabilities Bill.  Two years ago he had voted against the bill.  Now he was prepared to vote for it because “he regarded the exclusion of the Jews from civil privileges as a remnant of the spirit of persecution which prevailed in former times throughout Christendom.”

1852: In New York City, Asher and Abigail Kursheedt gave birth to Israel Baer Kursheedt

1861: Major Alfred Mordecai's letter repeating his request for a transfer reached Washington, DC where it is read by his new commanding officer, Lt. Col. Ripley.  Ripley refused the request on two counts.  First, he needed Mordecai, whom he considered one of his ablest subordinates to remain at the arsenal in New York so that he could produce the munitions desperately needed to fight the war.  Second, the army could not maintain the discipline it needed to fight a war if officers were allowed to dictate their term of services based on personal desires.  The U.S. Army's most prominent Jewish officer would have to choose between serving or resigning.



1861:Maryland's House of Delegates votes not to secede from the Union. As was the case with their fellow citizens, Jews in Maryland were divided over the issues of slavery and secession.  It would seem that more of the Jews favored Union and opposed slavery than did not.  For example, the Lloyd Street Synagogue was a stop on the Underground Railway. Har Sinai’s Rabbi David Eihnorn was published Sinai, an abolitionist newspaper and Einhorn was forced to leave town by a mob that was threatening to tar and feather him.

1861: Birthdate of Lajos Blau, a Hungarian scholar, educated at three different yeshivot, who became a teacher of the Talmud at the Landesrabbinerschule and later a professor of the Bible, the Hebrew and Aramaic languages, and the Talmud. He died in 1936.

1861: Newly inaugurated President Abraham Lincoln appointed Abraham Jonas to serve as Postmaster of Quincy, Illinois.

1862: In Cincinnati, Ohio, Salomon Eichholz and Hannah Neustadt gave birth to Adolph Eichholz the University of Pennsylvania trained lawyer and husband of Leah Block who was one of the driving forces behind the creation of the Jewish Publication Society of America and Vice President of the Young Men’s Hebrew Association.

1863: In Vienna, Josef Pick, the “son of Elisabeth and Markus Pick” and his wife Eleanor Pick gave birth to Arthur Pick

1864(23rd of Nisan, 5624): Author and translator of poetry David Samosch passed away.

1865: It was reported today that a Jewish shoemaker named Godfrey J. Hyams was the first witness called to testify against William J. McDonald who is on trial in Canada on charges of “making torpedoes, hand-shells, Greek fire, and other explosive missiles” to be used by Confederate agents against the United States.

1865: P. J. Joachimsen delivered a eulogy honoring the late President Lincoln at the Jewish place of worship in New Orleans, LA.

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/loc/abe5.html

1870: The Baltimore Sun reports that the late Dr. George Frick, a resident of Baltimore, bequeathed $100.00 to the Hebrew Society of Baltimore.

1870: In London, Sarah Kraijsman and David Colski gave birth to Henry Colski and Nancy Colski.

1871: Fromenthal Halevy’s “Charles VI,” a grand opera in five acts was performed for the first time in Barcelona.

1871: In Berlin, William Louis Stern and Clara Joseephy gave birth to William Louis Stern who fled the Nazis and continued his work in the field of psychology at Duke University.

https://web.archive.org/web/20060319004052/http://www.bh.org.il/Names/POW/Stern.asp

https://www.geni.com/people/William-Stern/6000000002802209210

1875: Publication today of Transatlantic Sketches by Henry James, who “employed a number of anti-Semitic stereotypes to describe the skin color and nose shape of the Jewish residents” and who “invariably fixes upon the Jew the full force of a carefully regulated disdain.”

1875: In Kensington, London German-born Jewish stockbroker, Victor Rubens, and Jenny Rubens, née Wallach Paul Alfred Rubens “an English songwriter and librettist for some of the most popular Edwardian musical comedies” who “suffered from consumptive disease for nearly his entire adult life” which did not keep his from contributing  to the success of dozens of musicals.

1878: Birthdate of Friedrich Adler the native of Laupheim who would be murdered during the Shoah in 1942.

http://www.culturespace.de/laupheim/english/adler.htm

1880(18th of Iyar, 5640): Lag B’Omer

1881(30th of Nisan, 5641): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1881: Ellen Cuffe, Countess of Desart, the daughter of Jewish banker Henri Louis Bischoffsheim married the Fourth Earl of Desart.

1881(30th of Nisan, 5641):  Sixty three year old French sculptor and photographer Antoine Samuel Adam-Salomon passed away.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Antoine_Samuel_Adam-Salomon_self-portrait,_c1860.png

1882: Pogroms returned to Ukraine with an outbreak of anti-Semitic violence at Balta in Podolia Province.

1883(22nd of Nisan, 5643): 8thday of Pesach

1883: Birthdate of Russian native Samuel Prosterman  who in 1906 came to Chicago where he was a clothing manufacturer and Vice President of Temple Beth Israel.

1883: The New York Timesfeatured a review of Travels in Palestine: Egypt, Palestine and Phoenicia – A Visit to Sacred Lands by Philip Bovet.



1885:  Birthdate of Czechoslovakian writer and journalist, Egon Erwin Kisch who was born into a German-speaking Jewish family in Prague, which at that time was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.  During World War I, he traded in his pen for a rifle in the Austrian Army.  He continued his writing career after the war including a stint in Berlin.  He was forced to flee the Nazis, first to Republican Spain and finally to Mexico where he spent the war.  He returned to Czechoslovakia after the war where he died in 1948 as the Communists were coming to power.  When the German magazine “Stern” founded a prestigious award for German journalism in 1977, it was named the Egon Erwin Kisch Prize in honor of Egon Kisch.

http://spartacus-educational.com/Egon_Erwin_Kisch.htm

1885: “At the Trinity Chapel Complex,” Edward (Teddy) Wharton married Edith Newbold Jones who gained fame as Pulitzer Prize winning author Edith Wharton whose display of anti-Semitism in The House of Mirth which included the depiction Jewish financier name Simon Rosedale has proved to a problem for her at least some of her Jewish fans.”

1887: Horace J. Young was arrested on charges of having abandoning his wife Clara, the eldest daughter of Julius Praeger, a prominent New York Jewish businessman

1887: In New York, Ida (Kuhn) Cohen and Eduard Cohen gave birth to Edwin Cohen

1888(18th of Iyar, 5648): Lag B’Omer

1888: In New York, “traveling salesman” David Heidelberger and his wife Fannie Campe Heidelberg gave birth to Columbia trained “award winning pathologist” Michael Heidelberger “known as the father of modern immunology”

https://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/27/obituaries/michael-heidelberger-dies-at-103-a-leader-in-modern-immunology.html



1889: The Young Women’s Hebrew Association is scheduled to host a celebratory event this evening as part of the events marking  the centennial of George Washington taking the oath of office as the first President of the United States.

1890: Rabbi David Levy officiated at the wedding of Hannah D. Moses, daughter of J.L. Moses and Thomas Moultrie Mordecai at the Hasell Street Synagogue in Charleston, SC

1891: “Greeks Persecutes Jews” published today describes attacks by Greeks at Corfu on the Jewish population.  The body of a dead child had been found in the Jewish Quarters and the Greeks spread a report that that it was a Christian girl who had been murdered by the Jews for their Passover celebration. The dead child was the daughter of Jewish leader whom the Jews claimed was murdered by the Greeks to provide an excuse for their rioting and plundering.  The threat became so severe that the 6,000 Jews had to close their shops and take refuge behind a military cordon surrounding the Jewish Quarter.

1891: In Philadelphia, PA the Society Hachnasath Orechim, or Wayfarers' Lodge which was organized in 1890 was chartered today.

1892: As attempts are made to limit immigration, especially the immigration of Jews from eastern Europe, the joint committee of the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States on Immigration and Naturalization resumed its investigation at the Post Office Building.

1892: As the first group of Russian Jews left Montreal to begin establishing farms in the Canadian Northwest, it was reported that if this group is successful Canadian Jews expect another 10,000 to eventually follow in their footsteps.

1892: Among the bequests made by the late Hannah O. Beebe of Yonkers was one of $50 to Jacob Freshman to be used by him for “the relief of Jews as he deems best.”

1893: “Bismarck on Anti-Semitism” published today provided a summary of an interview the German leader gave on his views toward the Jews.  Based on his education, he said he “was never a friend of the Jews” which helps to explain why he opposed emancipation in 1847.  His views changed in 1869 when Jewish leaders supported his programs for national development.  The current reappearance of anti-Semitism following the losses suffered during a period of speculation “is natural” because the people confuse “capitalism with Judaism.

1893: “Ahlwardt’s Baseless Charges” published today describe the conclusions of the Reichstag subcommittee that had examined the documents submitted by Hermann Ahlwardt, the leading anti-Semite, which he claimed proved that current and former officials were guilty of corruption. The committee said there was nothing in the documents to prove the accusation.  Ahlwardt’s real contention was that the Jews had corrupted the German political leaders.

1894: It was reported today that “ex-Rector Ahlwardt, the Jewbaiter who has imprisoned several times for criminal libel” said “he would give the public startling information…concerning…the corruptness of Jews and the criminal complicity of those in high authority…” (Editor’s note: This a reference to Christian Ahlwardt, the German clergyman who, when he came to New York was given a police escort made up entirely of Jewish officers courtesy of Police Commissioner Teddy Roosevelt.)

1894: In Quincy, Illinois, Council No 2 of the National Council of Jewish Women was formed with Mrs. J.H. Lesem as President and Mrs. Jeanie Nelke as Secretary

1894(23rd of Nisan, 5654): Eighty-one year old Danish portrait and genre painter David Monies passed away today in Copenhagen.

1894: The Board of Directors of Mount Sinai Hospital held a special meeting today adopted a special resolution expressing their sense of loss caused by the recent death of Jesse Seligman.

1894: The Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum adopted a “Tribute to the Memory of its deceased President, Mr. Jesse Seligman” co-authored by Edward Lauterbach, Oscar S. Straus and Sigmund Bach.

1895: Plans were published today about an upcoming meeting at Temple Emanu-El where the ladies of the congregation will discuss the upcoming benefit for the Hebrew Technical Institute and Educational Alliance.

1895: Samuel Untermyer of Guggenheim, Untermyer and Marshal represented the Wall Paper Company before Justice Lawrence in the Supreme Court who was hearing a case involving injunctive relief by National Wall Paper Company.

1896: In Berlin “translator and writer Sigmar Mehring” and his wife gave birth to German satirist Walter Mehring whose books were burned by the Nazis and found refuge in the U.S. where he worked for MGM before returning to post-war Europe.

https://www.nytimes.com/1981/10/06/obituaries/walter-mehring-85-writer-his-sarcasm-enraged-nazis.html

1906: Birthdate of Odessa born, Irish surgeon and cardiologist Leonard “Abe” Abrahamson, the President of the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland and husband of Nellie Nurock who were the parents of attorney Max Abrahamson and the grandparents of movie director Leonard Abrahamson.

1897: “New Publications” provided a detailed review of the New American Supplement to the Latest Edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica which includes a section on “the story of Judaism and the history of the Jews” written by Rabbi Emil G. Hirsch.

1898: Birthdate of Philip Palew, the native of Brooklyn, a WW I veteran who worked as an orthopedic surgeon and served on the faculty of New York University.

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=9D00E5D9123DE134BC4051DFB4668382679EDE

1898: Two days after she had passed away, Annie Simmons, the wife of Joseph Simmons, was buried today at the “Plashet Jewish Cemetery” in London.

1898: Ali Ferruh Bey, the Ottoman Ambassador in Washington, "wrote to Istanbul in order to alert the Sultan that the aim of the Zionists was 'to establish an independent government in Palestine.' In his letter, he urged Sultan Abdul Hamid to 'take certain measures to rectify the error committed by his forefathers in allowing non-Muslim communities to settle in Palestine.' The Sultan took heed; measures were instituted to restrict the sale of land in Palestine to foreign Jews, and to oblige all Jewish visitors to leave cash deposits to ensure that they would leave the country after the visit."  [For more on this see Martin Gilbert's interesting work, "In Ishmael's House;"]

1899: In “Dr. Peters On the Jews” published today Madison C. Peters defended himself against accusations by Lionel de R. Cohen that he had “put forth falsehoods” about the Jews when he asserted that Castalian Jews had supplied Columbus the money to fit out his caravels” citing the Jewish historian Dr. Moses Kayserling as his source for this statement.

1900(30th of Nisan, 5660): Eighty-seven year old Baron Mortiz von Cohn, the Dessau banker “who administered the private fortune Wilhelm I, who did not conceal his anti-Semitism during World War I, passed away today.

1900: The Quinquennial Convention of the Independent Order of B’nai B’rith met today in Chicago under the chairmanship of Victor Abraham.

1901: An anti-Semitic riot broke out in Budapest.

1902(22nd of Nisan, 5662): Eight Day of Pesach

1902: Today’s passage of the Omnibus Public Bill by the House of Representatives drew the scorn of Congressmen from New York including Representative Henry Goldfogle because it did not provided funds for building a New York Post which Goldfogle blamed on the “personal spite” of the committee chairman responsible for the legislation.

1904(14th of Iyar, 5664): Pesach Sheni

1904: In Berlin, “The Tageblatt today announced from an excellent Russian source that the Russian Government is about to moderate the anti-Jewish legislation.”

1905(24th of Nisan, 5665): Parashet Achrei Mot

1905: “The Triumph of Judea” published today provides a reviews Judith Triumphant by Thompson Buchanan which is his second romance novel and set during “the siege of the Assyrians under the wick brutal Holofernes against the Jews of Bethulia.”

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1905/04/29/101704864.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0

1906: “Jewish Anniversary Medal” published described the presentation to President Theodore Roosevelt by Dr. Cyrus Adler of “a commemorative medal designed by Isidor Konti” to mark the celebration of the 250th anniversary of the settlement of the Jews in the United States.

1907: In Rzeszów, Austria-Hungary, Dr. Oskar Zinnemann and his wife Anna (Feiwel) Zinnemann gave birth to Academy Award winning director Alfred “Fred” Zinnemann.

1908: In Brooklyn, Gertrude Kaplan, the daughter of Anna and Abraham Shemerinsky and her husband Jacob Kaplan gave birth to Marcia Martha Kaplan

1910: The Jewish bank in Salonika authorized the creation of a loan fund for relief of families of Jewish soldiers.

1910: Rebecca and Meyer Wagenheim gave birth to Samuel Wagenheim, the brother of Herman, Charles and Harry Wagenheim

1912 In Danzig, Dr. Isaac Landau and Betty née Eisenstädt gave birth to Moshe Landau the fifth President of the Supreme Court of Israel.

1912: A codicil was added to the will of Dr. Arthur Schnitzler required that his funeral be a simple affair without obituaries, guard of honor, funeral orations or the wearing of mourning attire.  The codicil also requires “that a needle be thrust through his heart to remove any doubt of his death.”

1913(22nd of Nisan, 5673): Eighth Day of Pesach

1913(22nd of Nisan, 5673): Fifty-nine year old Russia born Republican political leader Samuel Affelder a Baltimore City Councilman passed away today after which he was buried at the Har Sinai Cemetery in Baltimore, MD.

1913: Max Shulman is scheduled to be one of the speakers at today at the Passover service at the Chicago Hebrew Insitute.

1913: A strike by 4,000 kosher bakers, members of the Journeymen Bakers’ International Union was scheduled to begin today in New York.

1914: A mass meeting is scheduled to be held at Cooper Union tonight “under the auspices of the Palestine Hebrew Schools Fund Committee which is dealing with the problem of establishing Hebrew as the language of instruction in schools in Palestine.”

1915: Today, Princeton graduate and R.H. Macy partner Nathan Straus, Jr. who served as an Ensign in the U.S. Navy during WW I and a New York State Senator while serving as a director of the Palestine Economic Corporation and the Palestine Development Council as being an active member of the Free Synagogue and the “Temple Beth-El Clubs married Helen E. Sachs

1915: It was reported today that Evangelist Billy Sunday asserted his support for a Jewish return to Palestine when he asked “How do I know that God isn’t using the Allied fleets…to drive the Turks out of the Holy Land that Palestine may be restored to the Jews?!

1916: In Ireland, “the Easter Rising”, to an end today.

1916: Oscar Hammerstein went to the Rialto Theatre building which he found had been padlocked keeping him using rooms that were supposed to have been set aside for his use.

1916: Simon Wolf wrote to U.S. Secretary of State Robert Lansing expressing his concern over reports “that there is to be an outbreak against the Jews of Russia at the coming Russian Easter” and asking him to check with the embassy in St. Petersburg to see how reliable this report is.

1916: “In the course of his sermon on ‘The Attitude of the Papacy to the Jews’ at the New Synagogue” today “Rabbi Ephraim Frisch paid a warm tribute to Pope Benedict for the broad-minded and sympathetic letter he has just issued pledging his moral and spiritual influence among Catholics for the abolition of discrimination and prejudice again the Jews these still obtain.”

1917: Morgenthau resigns his as Ambassador to Turkey.

1917: In Cleveland, Ohio, it was decided tonight at the 67thannual meeting of Temple Tifereth Israel that in accordance with the recommendation of President Benjamin Lowenstein, Rabbi Abba Hillel Silver, the 26 year old unmarried leader of the Reform Congregation in Wheeling, West Virginia will succeed Rabbi Moses J. Gries “as the spiritual leader of the congregation.

1917: In Newark, NJ, at Temple B’nai Jeshurun, Jacob Schiff, Judge Julian Mack and Dr. Lee Frankel spoke at a meeting of the American Jewish Relief Committee at the end of which $40,000 was pledged to the Jewish War Relief Fund.”

1917: The 1916-1917 season of activities sponsored by the Young Men’s Hebrew Association of Williamsburg that began in October and included monthly meeting of a Jewish Congress, dances, lectures and athletic exhibitions is scheduled to come to an end today.

1917: Less than a month after the entry of the United States into the World War, “Zeta Beta Tau, a Jewish fraternity, has sent to its members a proclamation which recites the circumstances of the national emergency and urges members of the organization to do their part toward making the contribution of the Jews to national service reach its utmost possibilities.”

1917: “More than 300 delegates, representing a million and half Jews, cheered and sang for the establishment of a Jewish republic in the Holy Land” at the eighth annual convention of the Kehillah of New York City.

1917: “The Reverend Edward A. Keigwin” delivered a sermon tonight at the West End Presbyterian Church in which he “hailed the fulfillment of Abraham’s prophecy that the Jews would return to Palestine” as could be seen by the advance of British troops in Palestine which would lead to “downfall of Mohammedan power and the restoration of the Holy Land to the Jews.”

1917: During World War I, British forces under General Murray suffer a second defeat at Gaza. This defeat cost Murray his job and led to his replacement by General Allenby who would successfully prosecute the war against the Ottomans.



1918: “Jewish Draftees Given Send-Off At Camden” published today described a dinner given for Jews boys who are about to join the Army which included an address by State Treasurer William T. Read who was representing Governor Edge and an address by Camden Mayor Charles E. Ellis who “lauded the patriotism of the Camden boys.”

1918: The “Twelfth Semi-Annual Assembly” of the Eastern Council of Reform Rabbis whose members included Joseph Silverman, Rudolph Grossman, Joseph Garfinkel and Benjamin Tinter, met for a second and final day today.

1919: The six-man German delegation headed by Foreign Minister Ulrich Graf von Brockdorff-Rantzau arrived at Versailles to take part in the negotiations that would mark the formal end of World War I.  The treaty would be attacked by the Nazis and tied to the Jews.  None of the negotiators were Jews but the facts never get in the way of anti-Semitism.

1919: During the short-lived Bavarian Soviet Republic, the Red Guards who had been “rounding up people they considered to be hostile to the new regime” as ordered by Eugen Leviné executed eight hostages today.

1920: Birthdate of composer Harold Samuel Shapero.  Born in Lynn, Mass., one of Shapero's most famous works was the 9 Minute Opera. Shapero was an educator as well as composer. In 1951 Brandeis University hired Shapero to start its Music Department, and he was later chairman of the department and founder of its electronic music studio with the day's most advanced synthesizers. He taught at Brandeis until 1988 when he retired

1921(21st of Nisan, 5681): Seventh Day of Pesach – finally day for Reform Jews

1922(1st of Iyar, 5682): Rosh Chodesh

1922(1st of Iyar, 5682): Seventy-nine year old David Lindo Alexander, English barrister and a prominent member of the Anglo-Jewish community passed away. He was one of those who expressed “grave reservations” about what would become the Balfour Declaration and later joined “the anti-Zionist League of British Jews.”

1923: Birthdate of movie director Irvin Kershner the native of Philadelphia and a graduate of USC's film school who began his career producing documentaries for the USIA about the Middle East.  Two of his most famous film credits were "Raid on Entebbe" and "Star Wars V - The Empire Strikes Back."

http://www.haaretz.com/jewish/famed-jewish-hollywood-director-irvin-kershner-dies-at-87-1.327720

1924: Charlie Rosenberg, the Jewish boxer who became World Bantamweight Champion in 1925 fought his third and final bout with Cannonball Eddie Martin which ended in a ten round draw.

1924: Harry Landes and his wife gave birth to David S. Landes, who would become “a distinguished Harvard scholar of economic history” “on the kitchen table of his parents’ home in the Seagate neighborhood of Coney Island in Brooklyn.” (As reported by Douglas Marin)

https://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/08/us/david-s-landes-historian-and-author-is-dead-at-89.html?hpw&_r=1&&pagewanted=print

1925: Dr. Florence Rena Sabin the first woman president of the American Association of Anatomists is elected the first woman member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences.

1926: “The Woman in Gold” with a script co-authored by Walter Wassermann was released in Germany and France today.

1926: Birthdate of Paul Baran, the Polish born American Jewish “engineer who outlined one of the core principles of the Internet in the early 1960s and went on to become an entrepreneurial businessman.



1926: Birthdate of Bob Tisch, CEO of Loews and owner of the NY (football) Giants

1927: Birthdate of Abraham Jacob Nathan who would gain fame as Abie Nathan a pilot, entrepreneur, peace activist and founder of the groundbreaking "Voice of Peace" radio station, died Wednesday at Tel Aviv's Ichilov hospital, the hospital said in a statement.

1927: Birthdate of Gertrude Neumark Rothschild “whose research helped improve light-emitting and laser diodes now used in many cellphones, flat-screen televisions and Blu-ray disc players, and who waged a successful copyright-infringement battle against some of the world’s biggest electronics companies that yielded tens of millions of dollars in settlements and licensing fees…”

1927(27th of Nisan, 5687): Mrs. Leopold Stern, the former Eva Sterne who married Leopold Stern “known as the dean of diamond importers in America,” a Republican political leader and philanthropist at Jefferson, TX in 1880 passed away today.

1927(27th of Nisan, 5687): Rachel Sassoon Beer passed away.She was the granddaughter of David Sassoon, editor of The Observer (1891–1904) and owner-editor of The Sunday Times (1893–1904). Rachel was born in Bombay to Sassoon David Sassoon, to the Sassoon family, who made their fortune in trade with the Far East. As a young woman, she volunteered as a nurse in a hospital before marrying Frederick Arthur Beer in 1887. Frederick soon suffered from an illness that changed his personality and led to his early death. Soon after her marriage to Frederick, Rachel began contributing articles to The Observer, which was then owned by the Beer family. In 1891, she took over as editor, becoming the first female editor of a national newspaper in the process.[1] Two years later, she purchased the Sunday Times and became the editor of that newspaper as well. Though "not . . . a brilliant editor], she was known for her "occasional flair and business-like decisions". It was during her time as editor that The Observer achieved one of its greatest exclusives: the admission by Count Esterhazy that he had forged the letters that condemned innocent Jewish officer Captain Dreyfus to Devil's Island. The story provoked an international outcry and led to the release and pardon of Dreyfus and court martial of Esterhazy. Frederick's death in 1903 triggered a breakdown in Rachel, with her erratic behavior culminating in a collapse. The following year she was committed and both newspapers were sold by her trustees. While Rachel subsequently recovered, she required nursing care for the remainder of her life. Rachel spent her final years at Chancellor House in Tunbridge Wells, where she died.She was interred in the Sassoon family mausoleum in Brighton. Among her relatives was the poet Siegfried Sassoon, who was her nephew. In her will she left a generous legacy to Siegfried, enabling him to purchase Heytesbury House in Wiltshire, where he spent the rest of his life. In honour of her request, Siegfried hung an oil portrait of his aunt over the fireplace.

1928: The New York Times published a report of a speech by Dr. Chaim Weizmann, the Zionist leader who had just returned to the United States from Palestine, in which he asserted that the effects of the economic depression of the last two years are about to be overcome and that Eretz Israel is about to enjoy “growth and prosperity such as it has not known” before.

1929(19th of Nisan, 5689): Otto Jaffe, “a German-born British Jewish businessman who was twice elected Lord Mayor of Belfast passed away.

1929: Premiere of “The Woman One Longs For,” a German silent film directed by Curtis Bernhardt, with a script co-authored by Max Brod

1929: In Liverpool, Borach and Leah Moonman gave birth to Eric Moonman who served as a Laborite MP and President of the Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland.”



1930: Birthdate of Solomon Wachtler, the New York Republican political leader, lawyer and Judge whose career ended in disgrace and imprisonment.

1930: Irene Mayer married David O. Selznick with whom she had two sons Lewis Jeffrey and Daniel Selznick both of whom became movie producers.

1931: Birthdate of editor and publisher Robert Gottlieb.

https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/25/books/review/avid-reader-robert-gottlieb.html?ref=headline&nl=bookreview&emc=edit_bk_20160923

1931: In Berlin,Max Auerbach, a patent lawyer, and Charlotte Nora Burchardt, who had trained as an artist gave birth the painter Frank Helmut Auerbach.  In 1939, Auerbach’s parents made arrangements for him to go to Great Britain as part of the Kindertransport.  They died in a concentration camp in 1942.  Their son became a British citizen in 1947.

1933: “Diplomaniacs,” a political satire produced by Sam Jaffe and written by Joseph L. Mankiewicz was released in the United States today.

1933:”Eleven boys and girls” from Detroit, members of “the Chalutzim” are scheduled to set sail for Palestine today.

1934(14th of Iyar, 5694): Pesach Sheni

1934: “The president of the court that is trying three youths in the murder of Dr. Chaim Arlosoroff, Jewish labor leader, visited the scene of the murder at Tel-Aviv accompanied by three associate judges and the prosecution and defense counsel.  The party then went to the vine-yard to which the murderers are supposed to have fled after the crime…The party also visited the grounds of the Jaffa prison and inspected the cell of Abdel Megid whose confession of the murder was produced by the defense in the preliminary investigation and then retracted by Abdel Megid.  The judges sought to ascertain how he could have had lengthy conversations with Abraham Stavsky, one of the three accused.  The prosecution alleges that Stavsky tried to arrange to have Megid take upon himself the guilt for the murder, whereas the defense counsel contends Megid was the murderer and that his confession was retracted under pressure by police.”  [Ed. Note, The murder of Chaim Arosoroff is one of the “stains” on the Zionist movement.  Unknown to many, the episode resurfaced when Prime Minister Rabin was murdered.]

1935: In Berne, Switzerland, “the hearing of the libel suit brought by the Jewish leaders against the publishers of the so-called ‘Protocols of Zion’ is scheduled to resume today.”

1935: “Advancement of the cause of peace through meetings, classes and affiliation with peace groups was urged upon the New York State Federation of Temple Sisterhoods today at its annual meeting in the Community House of the Central Synagogue, 35 East Sixty-Second Street.”

1936:  As the Arab violence continues, in Jerusalem, “revolver shots were fired from an Arab café and stones were hurled at the police from the balcony of hotel.

1936: “The Sheikhs of the Bedouin tribes” living near Migdal, a town founded by Jewish settlers in 1910, “accompanied by Arab notables” visited to the town today “to apologize for yesterday’s attack on Jews by Bedouins who alleged that the Jews had killed two Arab boys” – a charge that proved to be false.

1936: As the Arab attacks on Jews continued throughout Palestine, officials from the municipality of Jaffa “visited the Arab and Jewish quarters and estimated the damage caused by fires there at $150,000, with more than a hundred homes burned.”



1936: Major Tulloch, a former army friend of Churchill’s living in Jericho wrote to the British political leader stressing that ‘the vast majority’ of the poorer Arabs were only too willing to live with the Jews ‘were it not for the way they are terrorized by their ‘leaders’ and told not to in the Arab papers.’”

1936: Birthdate of Zubin Mehta.  Born in Bombay India Mehta became a world famous conductor including serving as director of the New York Philharmonic. He has conducted the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra since around 1970 and was named its music director for life in 1981.
1936: Birthdate of Jacob Rothschild.  The official name of this member of the English branch of the House of Rothschild is Nathaniel Charles Jacob Rothschild, 4th Baron Rothschild.


1936: Birthdate of Joan Sydney Friedman, the native of Chicago, who gained fame as “Joan Peters, a journalist whose 1984 book, From Time Immemorial: The Origins of the Arab-Jewish Conflict Over Palestine, drew accolades and outrage by arguing that claims of a historical Palestinian homeland in Israel were invented.”

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/13/world/middleeast/joan-peters-journalist-who-wrote-on-israeli-palestinian-conflict-dies-at-78.html?_r=1

1937: Sixty-nine year old Norman Hapgood, the author of The Inside Story of Henry Ford’s Jew-Mania passed away today.

https://www.amazon.com/inside-story-Henry-Fords-Jew-mania/dp/B00085Q0DI

1938: The Palestine Post reported that the newly-arrived Palestine Partition Study Commission embarked on an extensive two-weeks-long tour of the country. The Commission had announced that it was offered the good offices of the High Commissioner to reside at the Jerusalem's Government House and that it was ready to receive, at any time, written statements from all persons who desired to place their views before them. Any persons wishing to appear before the Commission were asked to contact the Secretary at the High Commissioner's address.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that a unit of Royal Ulster Riflemen found a huge arms store and arrested 31 Arab suspected terrorists at the Gilat ed Bahr village near Nablus. A curfew was imposed on the whole neighborhood.

1938: “College Swing” a musical featuring the lyrics of Frank Loesser and co-starring George Burns was released today in the United States.

1938: Anti-Jewish riots broke out in Vilna, Poland. The modern state of Poland was created at the end of World War I.  Unfortunately, during the period between the two World Wars, anti-Semitism was part of the Polish political and social landscape.  Apparently anti-Semitism was endemic to the Polish culture since there was a "min-pogrom" there after the Holocaust in 1946.

1939: After a year’s imprisonment physicist Lev Landau was released from the dreaded Lubyanka prison because fellow physicist Pyotr Kapista was brave enough to vouch for him.  (It is important to remember those who work to protect Jews.)

1940: Rudolf Hoess arrived at Auschwitz to set up camp.

1940(21st of Nisan, 5700): Seventh Day of Pesach

1940(21st of Nisan, 5700): Sixty-nine year old New York native Rudolph Block, the “editor of the comic supplements of the Hearst newspapers” who under the pen name Bruno Lessings helped to create “The Katzenjammer Kids” and raised two sons Rudolph Jr and Arthur with his wife Verda passed away today.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1940/04/30/109345942.pdf



1940: In New York, Samuel Multer and Estelle Strossman gave birth University of Rhode Island basketball star Barry D. Multer, Class of ’61.

1940(21st of Nisan, 5700): Fifty-eight year old Polish born conductor and composer Joseph A. Pasternack who came to the United States in the 1890’s passed away today in New York.

http://adp.library.ucsb.edu/index.php/talent/detail/17138/

1940: Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau, Jr. had lunch with FDR at the White House.

1941: “Rabbi George Zepin of Cincinnati, secretary of the Union of American Hebrew Congregations, which is holding its biennial council, was eulogized at an executive session today following the announcement of his retirement after thirty-five years with the union.”

1942: A German truck that refueled near the Lódz (Poland) Ghetto carried luggage belonging to "resettled" Jews who had already been murdered at the Chelmno death camp.

1942: Jews were forced to wear a Jewish Star in Netherlands and Vichy-France.

1943(24th of Nisan, 5703): Near Kraków, Poland, Jewish women attacked their male SS guards while being transferred from one prison to another. Two women escaped but most of the others are killed.

1943(24th of Nisan, 5703): In Kraków Jewish Resistance fighters incarcerated since December 1942 were trucked to the concentration camp at Plaszów, Poland,.Most are killed after breaking out of the truck.

1943(24th of Nisan, 5703): Fifty-six year old Russian born composer and violinist Joseph Achron, the brother of Isidor Achron passed away today.

http://www.josephachron.org/about-achron.html

1943:Rabbi Israel Goldstein, a leader of the Synagogue Council of America was quoted in the New York Times today saying of the recently concluded conference that was supposed to provide aid for Jewish refugees and victims of the Holocuast, "The job of the Bermuda Conference was apparently not to rescue victims of Nazi terror but to rescue our State Department and the British Foreign Office. Victims are not being rescued because the democracies don't want them."

1944:Rose Warfman (née Gluck) was shipped to Auschwitz as part of Convoy 72. The transport consisted of 1004 Jews - 398 men and 606 women – as well as 174 children under the age of 18.  Among the Jews shipped to the death cap was Itzak Katznelson, the Polish born dramatist and author.

1944: Kistarcsa, Hungary, was the site of the first deportation of Jews from Hungary to Birkenau Concentration Camp. 

1945:  U.S. Troops entered Dachau, the first of the S.S.-organized camps. It was founded in March 1933. Dachau was infamous for its pseudo-scientific experiments by German doctors and scientists. The liberating troops from Seventh U.S. Army fond fifty train wagons filled with emaciated bodies. Near the crematorium another huge pile of bodies were found. Of the 33,000 survivors found at Dachau, only 2,439 were Jews. Very few Jews were left alive to liberate. In the next few weeks another 27,000 Jews from the hundreds of camps and sub- camps would still die due to illness, exhaustion and the irreversible effects of starvation. The Americans later used it as a prison camp for Nazi war criminals. Rabbi Abraham Klausner was “the father figure” for the more than 30,000 emaciated survivors found at Dachau, 10 miles northwest of Munich, after it was and later for thousands more left in camps as the Allies tried to determine where they should go.



1945: A few after his liberation by U.S. troops at Dachau, “Edgar Kupfer, a 39 year-old German political prisoner noted in his diary: ‘I shall celebrate this all my life as a second birthday, as the day when I received the gift of a life anew.’”

1945: Jan Komski was among those who liberated today at Dachau. According to Mr. Komski, “the prisoners were told to remain indoors. It was strangely quiet. Then there was the sound of gunfire. Peering outside, he saw prisoners running through the barbed wire, which had been torn to pieces. ‘Then I see first one American, and then a second and a third. Within half an hour, the whole camp was decorated with flags of all nations, probably sewn together and hidden for a long time…’”

1945: Eli A. Bohnen, a chaplain with the 42 Infantry Division entered Dachau today, giving him the dubious distinction of being the first rabbi to enter the German hell-hole.

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/10/AR2007071001911.html

1945: Brigadier General Henning Linden led a group of reporters including Marguerite Higgins and a detachment of the 42nd (Rainbow) Infantry Division as the soldiers received the surrender of the camp commander, generating international headlines by freeing more than 30,000 Jews and political prisoners

1945: “The advance scouts of the US Army's 522nd Field Artillery Battalion, a Nisei-manned segregated Japanese-American Allied military unit, liberated the 3,000 prisoners of the "Kaufering IV Hurlach"[54] slave labor camp.”

1945: “An Office of Strategic Services (OSS) team (code name LUXE) led Army Intelligence to a "Camp IV" today where "they found the camp afire and a stack of some four hundred bodies burning... American soldiers then went into Landsberg and rounded up all the male civilians they could find and marched them out to the camp. The former commandant was forced to lie amidst a pile of corpses. The male population of Landsberg was then ordered to walk by, and ordered to spit on the commandant as they passed. The commandant was then turned over to a group of liberated camp survivors." (As described by Joseph Perisco)

1945: Corporal Henry Senger of the 292nd Field Artillery Observation Battalion captured the commandant of Dachau today.

1945: Joshua Kaufman, a Hungarian Jew, was the first “human being” that American G.I. Daniel Gillepsie saw when he entered Dachau today.

http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4618314,00.html

1945: Fritz Ascher was among the prisoners liberated by the Allies when they entered Berlin-Grunewald.

1946: Forty year old Lt. Col. Martin Gottfried Weiss, the commandant at Dachau was hung today following his conviction during the “Dachau Trials.”

1947: It was announced tonight “at a rally of the Millinery Workers Union, AFL, in Manhattan Center” that “the International Ladies Garment Workers Union has contributed a check for $225,000 to the United Jewish Appeal Campaign chaired by Henry Morgenthau, Jr.

1948(20th of Nisan, 5708): Sixth Day of Pesach

1948: The Haganah captured the two Arab villages just east of Bat Yam, from which attacks on Jewish road traffic into Tel Aviv had frequently been launched.

1948: Following the evacuation by British forces, the Haganah secured the police station at Zemach – a small town at the southern end of the Sea of Galilee, on the Haifa-Damascus road.



1948: Haganah troops occupied the policed fortress at Gesher at the Jordan River crossing of the Haifa-Damascus road.  The Arab Legion attacked the fort and the nearby Jewish settlement at Gesher.  They were so confident of victory that Transjordan Crown Prince Talal came to witness the attack.  The Arab Legion failed to dislodge the under-strength, outgunned Jewish defenders and retreated across the Jordan River.

1949(30th of Nisan, 5709): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1949: “The Steering Committee of the United Nations General Assembly recommended today quick consideration of Israel's bid for membership in the world organization by voting to shift the item from the overloaded Political Committee to the idle Ad Hoc Committee.”

1949: “The Rev. Andrew Scott-Morrison, Moderator of the Jerusalem Presbytery of the Church of Scotland, is now on a mission to Israel, arranging for the release of some of the church properties used by the Israeli Army” as part of the Presbyterian Church’s plans to resume “it educational and health activities in the Holy Land.”

1950: In the only protest to Jordan’s annexation of what became known as the West Bank, Menachem Begin and two of his former aides called upon Israelis to resist this occupation of Eretz Israel by the Arab army.  [Ed Note: You will not find any mention of a Palestinian State, etc in any of the response at this time.]

1950: In Cleveland, Alan Toffler, the author of Future Shock was married today to Adelaide Elizabeth Farrell

1951:Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein, an Austrian-British philosopher, passed away.  Although he was raised as a Christian, when “Germany annexed Austria in the Anschluss; Wittgenstein” became “a citizen of the enlarged Germany and a Jew under the 1935 Nuremberg racial laws, because three of his grandparents had been born as Jews. The Nuremberg Laws classified people as Jews (Volljuden) if they had three or four Jewish grandparents and as mixed blood (Mischling) if they had one or two. It meant inter alia that the Wittgensteins were restricted in whom they could marry or have sex with, and where they could work.” The irony of all of this is at Wittgenstein had gone to the Realschule with Adolf Hitler. 

1952: At Carnegie Hall in New York, Sarah Churchill, daughter of Winston Churchill, read a message of support from her father at an event celebrating the fourth anniversary of Israeli independence and the first meeting of the American Zionist Council, an amalgamation of eith leading Zionist organizations in the United States.  

1952(4th of Iyar, 5712): Yom HaZikaron

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that according to the planned new legislation, just placed before the Knesset, the exclusive jurisdiction of the Rabbinical Courts was to be limited to marriage, divorce and alimony. A new Tenants' Protection Bill, altered in several fundamental respects, was also in preparation.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that Jerusalem's acute water shortage continued after the Municipality failed to pay to the Jerusalem Electric Corporation the agreed upon immediate payment of IL27,000, on account of an IL80,000 debt.

1953(14th of Iyar, 5713): Pesach Sheni

1955: Birthdate of comedian Jerry Seinfeld who gained fame and fortune as the lead in the television series "Seinfeld."

1956: Birthdate of New York native Elisabeth Rosenthal the non-practicing physician and journalist Elisabeth Rosenthal author of An American Sickness: How Healthcare Became Big Business and How You Can Take It Back.

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/04/books/review/an-american-sickness-elisabeth-rosenthal.html

1956(18th of Iyar, 5716): Seventy-eight year old Cincinnati native and University of Cincinnati trained “physician, bacteriologist and philatelist Leo Greenfield Tedesche passed away today “at his winter home in Miami, FL.”)

1956(18th  of Iyar, 5716): During a prepared ambush whose perpetrators included “an Egyptian policeman and a Palestinian farmer”,  Roi Rotberg, the kibbutz security office at Nahal Oz was shot off his horse, beaten and shot again after which then his body was dragged into Gaza where the post- mortem mutilation included having his eyes gouged out.

1957(28th of Nisan, 5717): Yom HaShoah

1957(28th of Nisan, 5717): Seventy-nine year old Solomon Baruch Komaiko the Lithuanian born American author and Zionist who was a cousin of producer David O. Selznick, the father of WW II fighter pilot William Komaiko, “the grandfather of the author Leah Komaiko, composer William Komaiko, flamenco dancer Libby Komaiko, painter Sarah Belchetz-Swenson, Playwrights Project Founder Deborah Salzer and poet Ruth Belchetz” and “great grandfather of journalist Richard Komaiko” passed away today.

1957: Birthdate of English actor Daniel Day-Lewis the son of actress Jill Balcon and the grandson of film producer Sir Michael Elias Bacon who has won three Oscars for Best Actor

1957: Jane Evans, executive director of the National Federation of Temple Sisterhoods, spoke about the need to ordain women rabbis in the Reform movement. , at a biennial general assembly meeting of the Union of American Hebrew Congregations (UAHC), the synagogue federation arm of the Reform movement, and of the National Federation of Temple Sisterhoods (NFTS), Jane Evans spoke to 1,000 delegates in favor of ordaining women rabbis.

http://jwa.org/thisweek/apr/29/1957/jane-evans

1958(9th of Iyar, 5718):Alfred Salmony, “an internationally recognizes authority on Asian art” and Professor of Fine Arts at New York University’s Institute of Fine Arts” passed away today after suffering a heart attack while on board the Ile de France.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15436322.1958.11465592?journalCode=rcaj19

1963 (5th of Iyar, 5723): Yom Ha’Atzmaut, יום העצמאות 15th Anniversary of Israel

1965(27th of Nisan, 5725): Yom HaShoah

1965(27th of Nisan, 5725): Freda Resnikoff, founder of the Mizrachi Women's Organization (now AMIT) passed away.

1965: In Chicago “Paul Krouse and the former Ann Wolk” both of whom were publishers gave birth to filmmaker and author Amy Krouse Rosenthal.

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/13/style/amy-krouse-rosenthal-dies-modern-love.html?_r=0

1966: Sixty-nine year old Terrence MacDermot who served as Canadian Ambassador to Israel from 1954 to 1957 passed away today.

1966(9th of Iyar, 5726): Eighty-three year old Prague born University of Chicago track star, husband of Sadie Cohn and Judge of the Circuit Court of Cook Country who “presided over the Black Sox trial,” baseball’s greatest moment of shame until the steroid scandals passed away today in Chicago.



1967: Fearless of Frank directed, produced and written by Philip Kaufman with music by Meyer Kupferman was released in the United States today.

1968(1st of Iyar, 5728): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1968(1st of Iyar, 5728): Seventy-nine year old newspaper women Sarah Brandstein Smith passed away today.

http://jwa.org/thisweek/apr/29/1968/death-of-writer-sarah-brandstein-smith-queen-of-shundroman

1969(11th of Iyar, 5729): NYU trained attorney Irving Berkelhammer, the husband of Phyllis Berkelhammer, who was involved in various Jewish organizations including the UJA and the Federation of Jewish Philanthropies passed away today..

1971(4th of Iyar, 5731): Yom HaAtzma’ut

 1974: Tonight ABC began broadcasting “QB VII” a mini-series based on a novel of the same name by Leon Uris

1975: The American Sephardic Federation and United Jewish Appeal sponsored a two-week visit for Chief Sephardic Rabbi Ovadia Yossef to visit the United States who came and met with both governmental and Jewish community leaders.

1978(22nd of Nisan, 5738): Eighth day of Pesach; Yizkor

1978(22nd of Nisan, 5738): Eighty-one year old Hungarian author Illona Duczynska Polanyi, the widow of Vienna born economist and WW I veteran of the Austrian Army Karly Polanyi, the author of the Great Transformation and mother of Canadian economist Kari Polanyi Levitt, passed away today in Ontario.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1978/04/30/110847213.html?pageNumber=40

1978(22nd of Nisan, 5738): Ninety-five year old French pediatrician Robert Debré the father of Michel and Jean Louis Debré and the grandfather of Vincent, Francois, Bernard and Guillaume Debré passed away today.

1981: Yaacov Scherft successfully ejected from his F-4E Phantom II

1981(25th of Nisan, 5741): Eighty-five year old ophthalmologist turned entertainment mogul Jules C. Stein founder of the Music Corporation of America passed away today in Los Angeles.

http://www.nytimes.com/1981/04/30/obituaries/jules-c-stein-85-founder-of-mca-dies.html

1983(16th of Iyar, 5743): Eighty-six year old author and Zionist Johan J. Smertenko passed away.

http://www.nytimes.com/1983/05/05/obituaries/johan-j-smertenko-86-dies-author-and-activist-for-israel.html

1984: Hadashot, a Hebrew language daily newspaper was closed by the Israeli Military Censor for three days starting today because it had published an article about “the Ktav 300 Affair” without showing it to the authorities prior to publication.

1984:The lights in Temple Emanu-El were dimmed as 31 survivors of the Holocaust, all women dressed in black, slowly walked to 6 stands and lighted 216 candles in memory of the 6 million Jews who perished at the hands of the Nazis during World War II.

1985: “A Gigantic Death Camp” published today described the conditions at Bergen Belsen on the 40th anniversary of the liberation of the camp by Allied troops.

http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1048304,00.html?internalid=ACA



1990(4th of Iyar, 5750): Yom HaZikaron

1990: Release date for “Voyage of Terror: The Achille Lauro Affair” a made for television movie based on the hijacking of the Achille Lauro and the murder Leon Klinghoffer featuring Rebecca Schaeffer, of  blessed memory, in the role of “Cheryl.”

1992: “Falsettos,” a musical with a book co-authored by William Finn who also wrote the music and lyrics opened on Broadway at the John Golden Theatre.

1993(8th of Iyar, 5753): Eighty-three year old director Michael Gordon passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/1993/05/04/obituaries/michael-gordon-comic-director-on-stage-and-screen-dies-at-83.html

1995: Final broadcast of NBC sitcom “Empty Nest” directed by Dinah Beth Manoff.

1996: The musical hit “Rent” premiered at the Nederlander Theatre. The original concept for Rentcame from Billy Aronson a Jewish-American playwright and writer.

1997)22nd of Nisan, 5757): Eighth and final day of Pesach

1998(3rd of Iyar, 5758):Yom Hazikaron

1998: In the evening, Israelis began celebrating the 50th anniversary of the founding of their country (although, according to the Western calendar, the anniversary fell on May 14th).

2000(24th of Nisan, 5760): Parashat Achrei Mot

2000(24th of Nisan, 5760): Ninety-five year old Abraham “Goldie” Goldberg, the husband Rose Goldberg, the father of Muriel Ginsberg and the founder of the “Fraser-Gold Carpet Corporation in Manhattan.”

2001: The New York Timesfeatured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Was This Man A Genius? Talks With Andy Kaufman
by Julie Hecht, Dazzler
The Life and Times of Moss Hart by Steven Bach and Washington by Meg Greenfield.


2001: An exhibition entitled “Marc Chagall: Early Works from Russian Collections” opens at the Jewish Museum in New York City. These early years in Russia provide the key to Chagall’s long and prolific career. They also show how Yehuda Pen, the artist who was Chagall’s earliest teacher and mentor, influenced his art.

2001: Hamas claimed responsibility for today’s school bus bombing at Nablus.

2002: Cairo columnist Fatma Abduall Mahmoud declared, “With regard to this Holocaust swindle, many French studies have shown that this is nothing more than a fabrication, a lie and a fraud.  But, I personally complain to Hitler, even saying to him from the bottom of my heart, ‘If only you had done it, brother, if only it had really happened, so that the world could sign in relief without their evil and sin.’”

2003(27th of Nisan, 5763): Yom Hashoah

2003: “Responding to a Syrian call to revive peace talks, Israel said today that it was skeptical of the offer but would be willing to meet as long as Israel was not required to make concessions in advance.”

2004: “Chrissie Watts, a fictional character from the BBC soap opera EastEnders, played by Tracy-Ann Oberman appeared for the first time today” in what would be an 18 month run.



2004: Just months before his death Tzvi Tzur, the IDF’s 6thChief of Staff,signed a letter of support in Ariel Sharon's plan to leave Gaza.

2005(20th of Nisan, 5675): Sixth Day of Pesach

2005: Today, CBS broadcast the last episode of “JAG” a Naval legal series featuring Jordana Spiro as “Lt. Tali Mayfield

2006(1st of Iyar, 5766): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

2006: Katha Pollit married “political theorist Steven Lukes.

2006: Ninety-seven year old Nobel Prize winner Rita Levi-Montalcini attended the session of the Senate in Rome where the candidate she supported was elected President.

2007: Maccabi USA sponsors a Tribute Brunch Honoring Richard Reff at Woodmont Country Club, Rockville, MD. Dr. Reff is a Washington, D.C. area orthopedic surgeon specializing in sports medicine who supports the Richard B. Reff, M.D. Maccabi Youth Games Endowment Fund.

2007: An exhibit styled “Ben’s Lens” comes to a close at the Sydney Jewish Museum in Sydney, Australia.  This “Photographic Retrospective by Ben Apfelbaum” follows the Jewish calendar of religious festivals, life-cycle ceremonies, carnivals, demonstrations and commemorations, documenting secular and religious Jewish life and culture in Sydney.

2007: The Sunday New York Times book section featured a review of The Worlds of Lincoln Kirstein by Martin Duberman.  According to the review, Martin Duberman shows how Lincoln Kirstein, a "queer Jewish intellectual," became a cultural power.

2007: Israeli author David Grossman delivers the Arthur Miller Freed to Write Lecture at PEN’s World Voices Festival.

2007(11th of Iyar, 5767): Fifty-eight year Israeli Paralympic champion Eliezer Kalina who a leg while fighting in the Yom Kippur War passed away today.

http://www.paralympic.org/ipc_results/search.php?sport=all&games=all&medal=all&npc=all&gender=all&name=kalina&fname=

2008: The Jerusalem Cinematheque presents a screening of “The Cellar” \ המרתף.Emmanuel Scharf, a Holocaust survivor who works as a night guard in Tel Aviv, cannot escape the nightmarish memories from his past. Memories of Germany before the war, of returning from the Dachau concentration camp, mingle with those of Hans, an SS officer who was a childhood friend but now has taken over his house.

2008:The 92nd Street Y presentsFrom Architecture to Infrastructure: Creating a Palestinian State” with C. Ross Anthony and Doug Suisman. Creating a successful Palestinian state poses a wide range of political, economic, social and environmental challenges. C. Ross Anthony—the Rand Corporation’s director for global health and the co-director of Rand’s Center for Domestic and International Health Security—and Doug Suisman, an award-winning architect and urban planner, offer an in-depth plan to overcome these obstacles, meet the population’s infrastructure needs and spark long-term development in a future state

2008(24thof Nisan, 5768): Twenty-four year old Senior Airman Jonathan A.V. Yelner “was killed in Afghanistan when his vehicle was struck by an improvised explosive device.” As reported by Maia Efrem

2009:The YIVO Institute for Jewish Research presents a lecture by Indiana University’s Jolanta Mickute entitled “Emancipation and Its Discontents: Jewish Women in Interwar Poland” that addresses the debate surrounding the emancipation of Jewish women in interwar Poland, and examines how the limits established by Jewish tradition, ethnicity, class, locale and gender shaped the Jewish women’s identities in the Polish host culture.
2009:  As part of the ASF Books and Authors Series, The American Sephardi Federation features a presentation by Pearl Sofar author of “Baghdad to Bombay: In the Kitchens of My Cousins.” Sofaer was born and grew up in Bombay, India.  She is a musician, artist, cantorial soloist, retired mediator and gourmet cook who shares many of the stories and recipes of her beloved family.


2009 (5 Iyar, 5769): Yom Ha’Azma’ut – Israel Independence Day

2009: As part of the Independence Day Celebration, Israel Prize winners are formally honored including Israeli sculptor Micha Ullman, Professor Emanuel Tov of the Hebrew University, archaeologist Amihai Mazar, medical researcher Professor Zvi Laron,  Itamar Procaccia, Reuven Tsur, Israel Levin and the Israel Democracy Institute

2009: In the United States, Yom Ha’Azma’ut Celebrations include a concert by Israeli Hip Hop/Funk/Drum & Bass group Coolooloosh at Yale University, a Yom Ha'atzmaut Shukat NYUand a community-wide celebration at Ithaca College complete with live music, food, arts & crafts, games, a hookah circle, and much more.

2009:This month's poetry reading evening at the Kensington Row Bookshop includes Michael S. Glaser, the current Maryland Poet Laureate and author of “Being a Father.”

2009: Italian officials released Youssef Majed al-Molqi, the convicted of killing Leon Klinghoffer who was sentenced to 30 years for murdering Leon Klinghoffer was released from prison today “for good behavior.”

2010: Dutch documentary filmmaker Wolf “Willy” Lindwer “was bestowed with the Dutch order Officer in the Order of Orange-Nassau by Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands in recognition of his work for the Netherlands.”

2010: Two days after she had passed away, funeral services are scheduled to be held at Temple Israel of Hollywood for Ruth Nusbauam, “the matriarch of Temple Israel,” Zionist leader, and widow of Rabbi of Max Nussbaum with whom she raised two children – Hannah and Jeremy.

https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/latimes/obituary.aspx?pid=142306979



2010: David Adelman began serving as the U.S. Ambassador to Singapore.

2010: The New York Times reviewed books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including “Innocent” by Scott Turow.

2010:The PEN World Voices Festival, Center for Jewish History and the Consulate General of Israel are scheduled to present Eshkol Nevo, one of Israel's most exciting new voices in a program entitled “Homesick: Eshkol Nevo in Conversation with Michael Orthofer.”

2010(15thof Iyar, 5770):Devra G. Kleiman, “a conservation biologist who reintroduced into the wild the tiny endangered monkey known as the golden lion tamarin, and who learned so much about the lives of giant pandas that scientists could later help them reproduce in captivity, died in Washington” at the age of 67. At her death, Dr. Kleiman was a senior scientist emeritus at the National Zoo in Washington, with which she had been associated for nearly four decades.(As reported by Margalit Fox)

2010(15th of Iyar, 5770): Avigdor Arikha passed away the after his 81st birthday

2010: Reuven Rivlin, Speaker of the Knesset said that he "would rather accept Palestinians as Israeli citizens than divide Israel and the West Bank in a future two-state peace solution"..

2011:Bloomberg L.P. announced that Michael Kinsley had joined the Bloomberg View editorial board.”

2011:Peggy and Murray Schwartz are scheduled to launch their new book, “The Dance Claimed Me: A biography of Pearl Primus” at the 92nd St Y

2011: Westwood One sold Metro Networks, which had been founded by Baltimore native David I. Saperstein in 1978, to Clear Channel Communications.

2012: Filmmaker Dani Menkin is scheduled to participate in a Q&A following a screening of “Dolphin Boy” at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2012: At Kibbutz Yehudah in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Dr. Steve Feller, renowned professor of physics and published author on the subject of coins and money is scheduled to deliver a talk on ancient Jewish coins.

2012: Four members of Adat Reyim are scheduled to lay a wreath “at the Tomb of Unknowns in Arlington Cemetery to honor Jewish service members who gave their lives supporting the war on terrorism.”

2012:Performance Iowa is scheduled to present “Music to Commemorate the Passover Season & The Holocaust,” a live 2 p.m. broadcast from the Caspe Terrace in Waukee, IA. Featuring University of Northern Iowa faculty members Hunter Capoccioni, double bass and Dmitri Vorobiev, piano, the program will include music by Ernest Bloch, Hermann Berlinkski, Yehuda Yannay, Maurice Ravel, Tony Osborne and Max Bruch. Cantor Gail Karp will perform traditional Hebrew and Yiddish songs. Three Des Moines-area Rabbi will participate in this special program. Rabbi Yossi Jacobson, Rabbi Leib Bolel and Rabbi David Kaufman all will speak on different topics.

2012:The Jerusalem International Chamber Music Festival is scheduled to come to an end.

2012: The Sunday Edition on CBC Radio One broadcast David Gutnick’s documentary “It wasn’t teatime: Ethel Stark and the Montreal Women’s Symphony Orchestra “ which tells the story of how in 1940 Ethel Stark helped establish the Montreal Women’s Symphony Orchestra, the first all-female Canadian symphony orchestra and one of only a couple in North America. At the time, women were not allowed to play in most symphony orchestras.

2013: Theilluminated manuscript, known as the Frankfurt Mishneh Torah is scheduled to be auctioned today at Sotheby’s in New York City(As reported by Ula Ilnytzky)

http://www.timesofisrael.com/11-million-worth-of-jewish-art-to-be-auctioned-in-nyc/?utm_source=The+Times+of+Israel+Daily+Edition&utm_campaign=22d8766c77-2013_01_11&utm_medium=email

http://www.jpost.com/JewishWorld/JewishNews/Article.aspx?id=304132

2013: The 15th annual Felicja Blumental Chamber Music Festival is scheduled to open at the Tel Aviv Museum of Art

2013: The Dolphin-class submarine INS Rahav was delivered today to the Israeli Navy

2013: The Alexandria Kleztet is scheduled to perform at the United States Holocaust Museum.

2013: Danny Kaye, Frank Loesser and Jule Styne are scheduled to be honored at a New York Pops Concert at Carnegie Hall.



2013: Elderly survivors of the Holocaust and the veterans who helped liberate them joined President Bill Clinton and Elie Wiesel to mark the 20th anniversary of the dedication of the U.S. Holocuast Memorial Museum.

2013: The IDF and the Defense ministry unveiled Israel’s Dolphin-class submarine in a ceremony in Kiel, Germany.

2014: Stuart S. Kurlander is scheduled to receive the Lee G. Rubenstein Outstanding Leadership award this evening at the Washington DCJC Spring Showcase.

2014: “My German Friend” is scheduled to be shown at the JCC Rockland International Jewish Film Festival.

2014(29thof Nisan, 5774): Ninety-two year old Reuven Feuerstein “an Israeli clinical, developmental, and cognitive psychologist, known for his theory of intelligence which states “it is not ‘fixed’, but rather modifiable” passed away today.

http://www.jpost.com/National-News/Professor-Reuven-Feuerstein-A-personal-remembrance-from-a-very-grateful-mother-350876

http://www.daffodilproject.org/newsletter/Laudatio%20Feuerstein.htm

2014(29thof Nisan, 5774): Eighty-eight year old Al Feldstein, “the soul of Mad Magazine” passed away today. (As reported by Bruce Weber)

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/01/business/media/soul-of-mad-magazine-al-feldstein-dies-at-88.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&_r=0

2014: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to present “Reinventing Jewishness in Post-Communist Hungary: Antisemitism and Jewish Renaissance.”

2014: In response to the release of an “audio recording in which a man identified as Los Angeles Clippers owner Donald Sterling tells his girlfriend not to bring black people to games, the National Action Newtwork planned a protest out of tonight’s NBA playoff game in Los Angeles.”

2015:NMAJH Chief Historian and acclaimed scholar of American Jewish history, Jonathan D. Sarna, is scheduled to discuss the importance of Lincoln's legacy for Jews and for all Americans at the National Museum of American Jewish History.

2015: Hillary Swank is “set to star as Deborah Lipstadt in the screen adaptation of her book, “History on Trial: My Day in Court with a Holocaust Denier.” (As reported by Anne Cohen)

https://www.haaretz.com/jewish/hilary-swank-to-star-in-holocaust-denier-biopic-1.5356355

2015: “Farewell Herr Schwarz” and “Transit” are scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2015(10thof Iyar, 5775): Eighty-nine year old composer Ronald Senator “and his wife Miriam Brickman died in a house fire at their home in Yonkers, New York.”

http://www.timesofisrael.com/jewish-composer-and-his-musician-wife-die-in-ny-house-fire/

http://newyork.cbslocal.com/2015/04/30/fatal-yonkers-fire-ronald-senator-miriam-brickman/

2015(10thof Iyar, 5775): Ninety one year old Jean Nidetch the founder of Weight Watchers passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/30/business/jean-nidetch-dies-at-91-co-founder-of-weight-watchers-and-dynamic-speaker.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

http://jwa.org/blog/jean-nidetch-diet-queen

2015: Shoah survivor Morris Rosen is scheduled to speak at the US Holocaust Memorial Museum.

2015: “A Life with Asperger’s is scheduled to be show at Temple Rodef Shalom in Falls Church, VA.

2015: The Leo Baeck Institute and YIVO Institute for Jewish Research are scheduled to present a lecture by Jack Jacobs based on his latest book The Frankfurt School, Jewish Lives and Antisemitism

2016: The 92ndStreet Y is scheduled to host “The LexList Spring Bashing.

2016: Dalia Betolin-Sherman, who has master’s degree in Hebrew Literature and won the Ramat Gan debut fiction award is scheduled to appear at the Frederick P. Rose Auditorium as part of the PEN World Voices Festival.

2016: “The Professor Has a Daring Past” published today tells the story of Julius Rosenberg, the last surviving member of the group assembled by Varian Fry that showed unbelievable bravery and creativity to save over two thousand people including March Chagall from being trapped in Vichy France, whose leaders played an activity role in shipping Jews to Auschwitz.

https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/01/nyregion/professor-justus-rosenberg-has-a-past.html?_r=1

2016: “Dough” a British film that tells “the unlikely story of an alliance between an elderly, widowed Jewish kosher bakery owner and a teenage Muslim Darfuri refugee” debuted across the United States today.

2016: At Temple Judah in Cedar Rapids, the Holocaust becomes “human” when Lena Gilbert is scheduled to host at Oneg in memory of her parents who were liberated on this date, April 29, in 1945.

2016(21stNisan, 5776): Seventh Day of Pesach

2017(3rdof Iyar, 5777): Parashat Tzaria and Metsora;

2017: “Cupcakes” is scheduled to be shown at The Annual East Bay Jewish Film Festival.

2017: “The Dreyfus Affair” is scheduled to be shown at BAM Fisher in Brooklyn, NY

2017(21s of Nisan, 5776): Seventy-eight year old playwright William Hoffman passed away today. (As reported by Sam Roberts)

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/01/theater/william-m-hoffman-dead-wrote-as-is-play-about-aids.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

2018: The New York Times published reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Promise and the Dream: The Untold Story of Martin Luther King, Jr., and Robert F. Kennedy by David Margolick and the recently issued paperback editions of The First Love Story: Adam, Eve and Us by Bruce Feiler and The Best Minds of My Generation: A Literary History of the Beats by Allen Ginsberg,

2018: Following a spate of anti-Semitic incidents in Germany, and widespread displays of solidarity with Berlin’s Jewish community, activists in the city are scheduled to distribute 10,000 kippas to passersby in the city’s public places in another kind of demonstration” today in what organizers describe as “a personal rally against anti-Semitism.” (As reported by Luke Tress)

2018: Television star Roseanne Barr and Anthony Scaramucci who gained “fame” as President Trump’s short-lived Communications Director are among those scheduled to speak at The Jerusalem Post Annual Conference today.

2018: In Grand Rapids, MI, “Mary Edmond, a Rosenwald school alumnus” is scheduled to speak prior the screening of “Rosenwald.”

2018: The Center for Jewish History, Leo Baeck Institute and CUNY Graduate Center are scheduled to host Elliot R. Wolfson, Marsha and Jay Glazer Endowed Chair in Jewish Studies at the University of California, Santa Barbara, as they speak about the  highly anticipated new book, The Duplicity of Philosophy’s Shadow: Heidegger, Nazism, and the Jewish Other.

2018(14thof Iyar, 5778): Pesach Sheni

https://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/470865/jewish/Pesach-Sheni.htm

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/pesach-sheni

2019: “The City of Joel” is scheduled to be shown at the 16th annual International Jewish Festival in Rockland, NY.

2019: As part of the exhibition “Inescapable: The Life and Legacy of Harry Houdini” the Breman Museum is scheduled to host a “Magical Monday.”

2019: Darren Aronofsky whose “feature debut Pi (1998) was selected for the 27th New Directors/New Films, and The Wrestler (2008) was Closing Night of the 46th New York Film Festival” is scheduled to be one of the “special guest speakers for the 50th Anniversary Gala” this evening which is a celebration “of fifty years of film at Lincoln Center.”

2019: It was reported today that over the weekend, State Comptroller had released a report “exposing a series of irregularities with regards to how the Culture Ministry handled “last year’s Independence Day Celebration.”

2019: The Oxford University Jewish is scheduled to host the Zoom version of “Quiz Night.”

2020: The American Jewish Historical Society is scheduled to host Lynn Melnick, the poetry teacher at Columbia and the 92nd Street Y as she leads a virtual poetry writing workshop “inspired by ‘The New Colossus.’”

2020: The Jewish Federations of North America is scheduled to host an online celebration of Israel's Independence Day on Facebook Live or On YouTube at https://youtu.be/LrNU5GhJkFY.

2020: “Saving Free Speech…from itself” scheduled to take place today has been canceled by the Illinois Holocaust Museum due to the Pandemic

2020: The Striecker Center is scheduled to host a virtual presentation by Professor Fred Lazin as he lectures on “How Shanghai Saved Twenty Thousand Jews.”

2020: This morning at 9 a.m. PST Friends of the IDF is scheduled to host a virtual celebration Yom HaAtzmaut with a program that includes Israel’s Eurovision representative, IDF soldier Corp. Eden Alene, who will perform with the IDF Ensemble.

2020: Musician Kami Maltz  is scheduled to perform Israeli classics in a Yom HaAtzmaut concert presented by the Jewish Federations of North America.

2020: The S.F.-based Jewish Community Federation is scheduled to host a virtual concert of Ethiopian funk by the Anbessa Orchestra,

2020: Seventy-fifth anniversary of the liberation of the parents of Lena Gilbert from Dachau.

2020(5thof Iyar, 5780):Yom Ha'atzmaut; for more see http://downhomedavartorah.blogspot.com/





 
April 29a

711: According to some sources the date on which an army led by Tariq ibn Ziyad landed at Gibraltar marking the start of the Moslem conquest of the Iberian Peninsula with all that would come to mean for the Jewish population during the next seven centuries.  

1221: Honorius III issued “Ad nostram Noveritis audientiam” a Papal Bull obligating Jews to carry a distinctive badge and forbidding them to hold public office.

1280(21st of Iyar, 5040): French rabbi Issac ben Joseph of Corbeil, the son-in-law of Jeheil ben Joseph of Paris, passed away today.

1464: Coronation of Matthias Covinus as King of Hungary and Croatia which marked an improvement in the conditions of the Jews as can be seen by his creation of “the office of Jewish prefect in Hungary.”

1520: A Sephardic Jew known as “Shealtiel” to whom Elijah Miztahi, the Chief Rabbi of the Ottoman had transferred the power of tax collection was returned to the office after having lost the job in 1518 in what may have been a power struggle between the Romaniot and Sephardic Jewish communities.

1614(20th of Iyar, 5374): Polish Halakhist and Talmudist Joshua ben Alexander HaCohen Falk, author of commentaries on Arba’ah Turim and Shulkhan Arukh passed away today.

1624:  In France, Richelieu assumes as Prime Minister of Louis XIII. Although Louis had reaffirmed the expulsion of the Jews in a declaration issued in 1615, Richelieu would write a letter (which Louis would sign) in 1632 allowing the Jews of Metz to remain in that city.  There is no evidence that Richelieu was philo-Semitic.  Rather he realized that having just captured Metz, the city would lose some of its commercial value if the Jews were expelled.

1659: In a dispute arising out of the business of trapping and shipping beaver pelts,  Asser Levy as attorney in fact for Abraham Cohen, "Jew at Amsterdam," appeared in the Court of Burgomasters and Schepens (Municipal Court) of New Amsterdam to demand from Cornelis Janss Plavier  the money he had received from Cohen. Plavier admitted the loan. Levy refused to accept a 460 guilder payment, and demanded imprisonment or public sale of Plavier's goods. The Court ordered the defendant to pay any balance due on the loan

1679(17th of Iyar, 5439): Joshua da Silva, the Hakham of the Spanish and Portuguese Synagogue in London who was followed in office by Jacob Abendana passed away today.

1688: Frederick, the future King of Prussia who would appoint Aaron ben Benjamin Wolf as Chief Rabbi of Berlin, became Duke of Prussia.

1697: Beila Levy, the wife of Isaac Levy with whom she had three children, passed away today, almost exactly two years after the death of her husband.

1699: In Paris the French Academy of Science holds its first public meeting at the Louvre.  While the Academy includes many Jewish members today, including David Baltimore and Israel Gelfand, this was not always the case.  For example, Madame Curie was denied admittance because she reportedly had at least one Jewish parent.  Poor Madame Curie – she was Polish and not Jewish but then facts never get in the way of bigotry.

1769(22nd of Nisan, 5529): Eighth Day of Pesach; Yizkor

1769: According to some, the birthdate of Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington. Others use the date of May 1, 1769.  Regardless of which date is used, Wellington comes up short of the mark as far as Jews are concerned because of his opposition to their emancipation when he was Prime Minister. 



1770: Birthdate of Lazarus Gumpel the native of Hildesheim, who became a successful businessman in Hamburg where he helped to found a Reform Temple in 1817.

1774(18th of Iyar, 5534): Jews living in Colonial America celebrate their last Lag B’Omer as subjects of King George III.

1783: Birthdate of German native “Fanni Fradele Hajim,” the husband of Immanuel Einstein with whom she had five children.

1793(17th of Iyar, 5553: Rabbi Yechezkel ben Yehuda Landau passed away.He was an influential authority in halachah (Jewish law). He is best known for the work Nodah bi-Yehudah,” by which title he is also known. Landau was born in Opatow, Poland, and attended yeshiva at Vladimir and Brody. In Brody, he was appointed Dayan(rabbinical judge) in 1734, and in 1745 he became rabbi of Jampol. While in Jampol, he attempted to mediate between Jacob Emden and Jonathan Eybeschütz in a debate - "The Emden-Eybeschütz Controversy" - that "had disrupted Jewish communal life for many years". His role in the controversy is described as "tactful" and brought him to the attention of the Prague community where he as appointed rabbi in 1755. He also established a Yeshiva there; Avraham Danzig, author of Chayei Adam,” is amongst his best known students. Landau was highly esteemed not only by the community, but also by others; and he stood high in favor in government circles. Thus, in addition to his rabbinical tasks, he was able to intercede with the government on various occasions when anti-Semitic measures had been introduced. Though not opposed to secular knowledge, he objected to "that culture which came from ", in particular Moses Mendelssohn’s translation of the Pentateuch. His main work entitled “Nodah bi-Yehudah("Known in Judah"), is one of the principal sources of Jewish law of his age. This collection was esteemed by rabbis and scholars, both for its logical discussion and for its independence with regard to the rulings of other Acharonim as well as its simultaneous adherence to the writings of the Rishonim. Other works include Dagul Mervavah on the Shulkhan Arukh and Tziyun le-Nefesh Chayah (abbreviated as Tzelach, named in reference to his mother, whose name was Chayah) on the Talmud.”

1796(21st of Nisan, 5556): Seventh Day of Pesach

1796: Sarah Mocatta and David Abarbanel Lindo gave birth to Elia David Abarbanel Lindo, the husband of Susan Lyon.

1797: Sara Mocatta and David Abarbanel Lindo gave birth to Abraham David Lindo.

1801: In Darmstdat, Germany, Alexander Wollf, “a merchant well versed in the Talmud” and his wife gave birth to Rabbi Abraham Alexander Wolff, the future leader of the Copenhagen Jewish community.

1805: Eliza Aarons married Simon Levy, a merchant, in Charleston, SC.

1805: Joseph Moses married Lydia Levy at the Great Synagogue today.

1811: In Prague, Markus Löw Popper and Esther Popper gave birth to Isaias Popper.

1819: Birthdate of Moses Angel who succeeded H.A. as Mast of the Talmud Torah Department at Jews’ Free School in 1840 before becoming Headmaster of JFS.

1823: Moss Lyons married Catherine Polack at the New Synagogue today.

1826(22nd of Nisan, 5586): Eighth Day of Pesach; Yizkor

1826: As Jews munch on their Matzah, the Greeks fear the aftermath of the victory of the Ottoman victory at MIssolonghi during the Greek revolt against the Turks.

1827: Sara Levy and Abraham Slowman gave birth to solicitor Louis Charles Lumley, the husband of Charlotte Joseph and father of Amy, Aubrey, Gerald and Claude Lumley.

1829: Bernard Cowvan married Henrietta Poole at the Great Synagogue today.

1830: Birthdate Adolph Sutro the native of Aachen, Germany, the brother of Otto Sutro, the 24th mayor of San Francisco who was also the city’s first Jewish chief executive.

https://www.nps.gov/goga/learn/historyculture/adolph-sutro.htm

https://www.nps.gov/goga/learn/historyculture/sutro-baths.htm

1832: In High Holborn, Middlesex, Phoebe and Ephraim Benjamin gave birth to Mary Benjamin.

1833: Birthdate of Michael Friedländer, a native of Posen who became principle of Jews’ College In London created one of the most popular English translate of Guide to the Perplexedby Maimonides.

1833: Rosetta Isaacs and Henry Magnus gave birth to Edward Magnus.

1835: Leman Zox married Maria Myers at the Great Synagogue today.

1835: In Charleston, SC Charlotte Lazarus, the youngest daughter of Marks Lazarus married Dr. De La Motta.

1840: Birthdate of Leopold Jacoby, the son of a cantor who “received his doctorate” in 1867 and became and M.D. in 1870.

1847: In Mainz, Samuel Strauss and Rosalia Drucker gave birth to Arthur Strauss, the Conservative MP and husband of Mina Cohen.

1849: A group of Jews in Wheeling, which was still a part of Virginia, who starting this year held “Holy Days” services in the third floor of a house at 14th and Main Streets until 1856, purchased the Mount Wood Cemetery today.

1853: In the House of Lords, the Earl of Aberdeen moved the second reading of the Bill for removal of Jewish Disabilities and strongly urged the removal of this most irritating restriction on the civil liberties of a section of British subjects.  The Earl of Shaftesbury opposed the bill and moved it bread that six months.  He trembled at the consequences to Christianity if Jews were admitted on a civil equality with Christians.  Such measures would expel Christianity from the ear but they might destroy it in Great Britain.  The Earl of Albemarle, the Archbishop of Dublin and the Bishop of St. David’s supported the bill while the Bishop of Salisbury, Early of Darnley, Earl of Harrowby and others, opposed it on religious grounds.  The bill was defeated with 115 voting for it and 164 voting against it. The Earl of Aberdeen has addressed the House of Lords telling them that he had changed his mind about the Jewish Disabilities Bill.  Two years ago he had voted against the bill.  Now he was prepared to vote for it because “he regarded the exclusion of the Jews from civil privileges as a remnant of the spirit of persecution which prevailed in former times throughout Christendom.”

1852: In New York City, Asher and Abigail Kursheedt gave birth to Israel Baer Kursheedt

1861: Major Alfred Mordecai's letter repeating his request for a transfer reached Washington, DC where it is read by his new commanding officer, Lt. Col. Ripley.  Ripley refused the request on two counts.  First, he needed Mordecai, whom he considered one of his ablest subordinates to remain at the arsenal in New York so that he could produce the munitions desperately needed to fight the war.  Second, the army could not maintain the discipline it needed to fight a war if officers were allowed to dictate their term of services based on personal desires.  The U.S. Army's most prominent Jewish officer would have to choose between serving or resigning.



1861:Maryland's House of Delegates votes not to secede from the Union. As was the case with their fellow citizens, Jews in Maryland were divided over the issues of slavery and secession.  It would seem that more of the Jews favored Union and opposed slavery than did not.  For example, the Lloyd Street Synagogue was a stop on the Underground Railway. Har Sinai’s Rabbi David Eihnorn was published Sinai, an abolitionist newspaper and Einhorn was forced to leave town by a mob that was threatening to tar and feather him.

1861: Birthdate of Lajos Blau, a Hungarian scholar, educated at three different yeshivot, who became a teacher of the Talmud at the Landesrabbinerschule and later a professor of the Bible, the Hebrew and Aramaic languages, and the Talmud. He died in 1936.

1861: Newly inaugurated President Abraham Lincoln appointed Abraham Jonas to serve as Postmaster of Quincy, Illinois.

1862: In Cincinnati, Ohio, Salomon Eichholz and Hannah Neustadt gave birth to Adolph Eichholz the University of Pennsylvania trained lawyer and husband of Leah Block who was one of the driving forces behind the creation of the Jewish Publication Society of America and Vice President of the Young Men’s Hebrew Association.

1863: In Vienna, Josef Pick, the “son of Elisabeth and Markus Pick” and his wife Eleanor Pick gave birth to Arthur Pick

1864(23rd of Nisan, 5624): Author and translator of poetry David Samosch passed away.

1865: It was reported today that a Jewish shoemaker named Godfrey J. Hyams was the first witness called to testify against William J. McDonald who is on trial in Canada on charges of “making torpedoes, hand-shells, Greek fire, and other explosive missiles” to be used by Confederate agents against the United States.

1865: P. J. Joachimsen delivered a eulogy honoring the late President Lincoln at the Jewish place of worship in New Orleans, LA.

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/loc/abe5.html

1870: The Baltimore Sun reports that the late Dr. George Frick, a resident of Baltimore, bequeathed $100.00 to the Hebrew Society of Baltimore.

1870: In London, Sarah Kraijsman and David Colski gave birth to Henry Colski and Nancy Colski.

1871: Fromenthal Halevy’s “Charles VI,” a grand opera in five acts was performed for the first time in Barcelona.

1871: In Berlin, William Louis Stern and Clara Joseephy gave birth to William Louis Stern who fled the Nazis and continued his work in the field of psychology at Duke University.

https://web.archive.org/web/20060319004052/http://www.bh.org.il/Names/POW/Stern.asp

https://www.geni.com/people/William-Stern/6000000002802209210

1875: Publication today of Transatlantic Sketches by Henry James, who “employed a number of anti-Semitic stereotypes to describe the skin color and nose shape of the Jewish residents” and who “invariably fixes upon the Jew the full force of a carefully regulated disdain.”

1875: In Kensington, London German-born Jewish stockbroker, Victor Rubens, and Jenny Rubens, née Wallach Paul Alfred Rubens “an English songwriter and librettist for some of the most popular Edwardian musical comedies” who “suffered from consumptive disease for nearly his entire adult life” which did not keep his from contributing  to the success of dozens of musicals.

1878: Birthdate of Friedrich Adler the native of Laupheim who would be murdered during the Shoah in 1942.

http://www.culturespace.de/laupheim/english/adler.htm

1880(18th of Iyar, 5640): Lag B’Omer

1881(30th of Nisan, 5641): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1881: Ellen Cuffe, Countess of Desart, the daughter of Jewish banker Henri Louis Bischoffsheim married the Fourth Earl of Desart.

1881(30th of Nisan, 5641):  Sixty three year old French sculptor and photographer Antoine Samuel Adam-Salomon passed away.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Antoine_Samuel_Adam-Salomon_self-portrait,_c1860.png

1882: Pogroms returned to Ukraine with an outbreak of anti-Semitic violence at Balta in Podolia Province.

1883(22nd of Nisan, 5643): 8thday of Pesach

1883: Birthdate of Russian native Samuel Prosterman  who in 1906 came to Chicago where he was a clothing manufacturer and Vice President of Temple Beth Israel.

1883: The New York Timesfeatured a review of Travels in Palestine: Egypt, Palestine and Phoenicia – A Visit to Sacred Lands by Philip Bovet.



1885:  Birthdate of Czechoslovakian writer and journalist, Egon Erwin Kisch who was born into a German-speaking Jewish family in Prague, which at that time was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.  During World War I, he traded in his pen for a rifle in the Austrian Army.  He continued his writing career after the war including a stint in Berlin.  He was forced to flee the Nazis, first to Republican Spain and finally to Mexico where he spent the war.  He returned to Czechoslovakia after the war where he died in 1948 as the Communists were coming to power.  When the German magazine “Stern” founded a prestigious award for German journalism in 1977, it was named the Egon Erwin Kisch Prize in honor of Egon Kisch.

http://spartacus-educational.com/Egon_Erwin_Kisch.htm

1885: “At the Trinity Chapel Complex,” Edward (Teddy) Wharton married Edith Newbold Jones who gained fame as Pulitzer Prize winning author Edith Wharton whose display of anti-Semitism in The House of Mirth which included the depiction Jewish financier name Simon Rosedale has proved to a problem for her at least some of her Jewish fans.”

1887: Horace J. Young was arrested on charges of having abandoning his wife Clara, the eldest daughter of Julius Praeger, a prominent New York Jewish businessman

1887: In New York, Ida (Kuhn) Cohen and Eduard Cohen gave birth to Edwin Cohen

1888(18th of Iyar, 5648): Lag B’Omer

1888: In New York, “traveling salesman” David Heidelberger and his wife Fannie Campe Heidelberg gave birth to Columbia trained “award winning pathologist” Michael Heidelberger “known as the father of modern immunology”

https://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/27/obituaries/michael-heidelberger-dies-at-103-a-leader-in-modern-immunology.html



1889: The Young Women’s Hebrew Association is scheduled to host a celebratory event this evening as part of the events marking  the centennial of George Washington taking the oath of office as the first President of the United States.

1890: Rabbi David Levy officiated at the wedding of Hannah D. Moses, daughter of J.L. Moses and Thomas Moultrie Mordecai at the Hasell Street Synagogue in Charleston, SC

1891: “Greeks Persecutes Jews” published today describes attacks by Greeks at Corfu on the Jewish population.  The body of a dead child had been found in the Jewish Quarters and the Greeks spread a report that that it was a Christian girl who had been murdered by the Jews for their Passover celebration. The dead child was the daughter of Jewish leader whom the Jews claimed was murdered by the Greeks to provide an excuse for their rioting and plundering.  The threat became so severe that the 6,000 Jews had to close their shops and take refuge behind a military cordon surrounding the Jewish Quarter.

1891: In Philadelphia, PA the Society Hachnasath Orechim, or Wayfarers' Lodge which was organized in 1890 was chartered today.

1892: As attempts are made to limit immigration, especially the immigration of Jews from eastern Europe, the joint committee of the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States on Immigration and Naturalization resumed its investigation at the Post Office Building.

1892: As the first group of Russian Jews left Montreal to begin establishing farms in the Canadian Northwest, it was reported that if this group is successful Canadian Jews expect another 10,000 to eventually follow in their footsteps.

1892: Among the bequests made by the late Hannah O. Beebe of Yonkers was one of $50 to Jacob Freshman to be used by him for “the relief of Jews as he deems best.”

1893: “Bismarck on Anti-Semitism” published today provided a summary of an interview the German leader gave on his views toward the Jews.  Based on his education, he said he “was never a friend of the Jews” which helps to explain why he opposed emancipation in 1847.  His views changed in 1869 when Jewish leaders supported his programs for national development.  The current reappearance of anti-Semitism following the losses suffered during a period of speculation “is natural” because the people confuse “capitalism with Judaism.

1893: “Ahlwardt’s Baseless Charges” published today describe the conclusions of the Reichstag subcommittee that had examined the documents submitted by Hermann Ahlwardt, the leading anti-Semite, which he claimed proved that current and former officials were guilty of corruption. The committee said there was nothing in the documents to prove the accusation.  Ahlwardt’s real contention was that the Jews had corrupted the German political leaders.

1894: It was reported today that “ex-Rector Ahlwardt, the Jewbaiter who has imprisoned several times for criminal libel” said “he would give the public startling information…concerning…the corruptness of Jews and the criminal complicity of those in high authority…” (Editor’s note: This a reference to Christian Ahlwardt, the German clergyman who, when he came to New York was given a police escort made up entirely of Jewish officers courtesy of Police Commissioner Teddy Roosevelt.)

1894: In Quincy, Illinois, Council No 2 of the National Council of Jewish Women was formed with Mrs. J.H. Lesem as President and Mrs. Jeanie Nelke as Secretary

1894(23rd of Nisan, 5654): Eighty-one year old Danish portrait and genre painter David Monies passed away today in Copenhagen.

1894: The Board of Directors of Mount Sinai Hospital held a special meeting today adopted a special resolution expressing their sense of loss caused by the recent death of Jesse Seligman.

1894: The Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum adopted a “Tribute to the Memory of its deceased President, Mr. Jesse Seligman” co-authored by Edward Lauterbach, Oscar S. Straus and Sigmund Bach.

1895: Plans were published today about an upcoming meeting at Temple Emanu-El where the ladies of the congregation will discuss the upcoming benefit for the Hebrew Technical Institute and Educational Alliance.

1895: Samuel Untermyer of Guggenheim, Untermyer and Marshal represented the Wall Paper Company before Justice Lawrence in the Supreme Court who was hearing a case involving injunctive relief by National Wall Paper Company.

1896: In Berlin “translator and writer Sigmar Mehring” and his wife gave birth to German satirist Walter Mehring whose books were burned by the Nazis and found refuge in the U.S. where he worked for MGM before returning to post-war Europe.

https://www.nytimes.com/1981/10/06/obituaries/walter-mehring-85-writer-his-sarcasm-enraged-nazis.html

1906: Birthdate of Odessa born, Irish surgeon and cardiologist Leonard “Abe” Abrahamson, the President of the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland and husband of Nellie Nurock who were the parents of attorney Max Abrahamson and the grandparents of movie director Leonard Abrahamson.

1897: “New Publications” provided a detailed review of the New American Supplement to the Latest Edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica which includes a section on “the story of Judaism and the history of the Jews” written by Rabbi Emil G. Hirsch.

1898: Birthdate of Philip Palew, the native of Brooklyn, a WW I veteran who worked as an orthopedic surgeon and served on the faculty of New York University.

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=9D00E5D9123DE134BC4051DFB4668382679EDE

1898: Two days after she had passed away, Annie Simmons, the wife of Joseph Simmons, was buried today at the “Plashet Jewish Cemetery” in London.

1898: Ali Ferruh Bey, the Ottoman Ambassador in Washington, "wrote to Istanbul in order to alert the Sultan that the aim of the Zionists was 'to establish an independent government in Palestine.' In his letter, he urged Sultan Abdul Hamid to 'take certain measures to rectify the error committed by his forefathers in allowing non-Muslim communities to settle in Palestine.' The Sultan took heed; measures were instituted to restrict the sale of land in Palestine to foreign Jews, and to oblige all Jewish visitors to leave cash deposits to ensure that they would leave the country after the visit."  [For more on this see Martin Gilbert's interesting work, "In Ishmael's House;"]

1899: In “Dr. Peters On the Jews” published today Madison C. Peters defended himself against accusations by Lionel de R. Cohen that he had “put forth falsehoods” about the Jews when he asserted that Castalian Jews had supplied Columbus the money to fit out his caravels” citing the Jewish historian Dr. Moses Kayserling as his source for this statement.

1900(30th of Nisan, 5660): Eighty-seven year old Baron Mortiz von Cohn, the Dessau banker “who administered the private fortune Wilhelm I, who did not conceal his anti-Semitism during World War I, passed away today.

1900: The Quinquennial Convention of the Independent Order of B’nai B’rith met today in Chicago under the chairmanship of Victor Abraham.

1901: An anti-Semitic riot broke out in Budapest.

1902(22nd of Nisan, 5662): Eight Day of Pesach

1902: Today’s passage of the Omnibus Public Bill by the House of Representatives drew the scorn of Congressmen from New York including Representative Henry Goldfogle because it did not provided funds for building a New York Post which Goldfogle blamed on the “personal spite” of the committee chairman responsible for the legislation.

1904(14th of Iyar, 5664): Pesach Sheni

1904: In Berlin, “The Tageblatt today announced from an excellent Russian source that the Russian Government is about to moderate the anti-Jewish legislation.”

1905(24th of Nisan, 5665): Parashet Achrei Mot

1905: “The Triumph of Judea” published today provides a reviews Judith Triumphant by Thompson Buchanan which is his second romance novel and set during “the siege of the Assyrians under the wick brutal Holofernes against the Jews of Bethulia.”

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1905/04/29/101704864.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0

1906: “Jewish Anniversary Medal” published described the presentation to President Theodore Roosevelt by Dr. Cyrus Adler of “a commemorative medal designed by Isidor Konti” to mark the celebration of the 250th anniversary of the settlement of the Jews in the United States.

1907: In Rzeszów, Austria-Hungary, Dr. Oskar Zinnemann and his wife Anna (Feiwel) Zinnemann gave birth to Academy Award winning director Alfred “Fred” Zinnemann.

1908: In Brooklyn, Gertrude Kaplan, the daughter of Anna and Abraham Shemerinsky and her husband Jacob Kaplan gave birth to Marcia Martha Kaplan

1910: The Jewish bank in Salonika authorized the creation of a loan fund for relief of families of Jewish soldiers.

1910: Rebecca and Meyer Wagenheim gave birth to Samuel Wagenheim, the brother of Herman, Charles and Harry Wagenheim

1912 In Danzig, Dr. Isaac Landau and Betty née Eisenstädt gave birth to Moshe Landau the fifth President of the Supreme Court of Israel.

1912: A codicil was added to the will of Dr. Arthur Schnitzler required that his funeral be a simple affair without obituaries, guard of honor, funeral orations or the wearing of mourning attire.  The codicil also requires “that a needle be thrust through his heart to remove any doubt of his death.”

1913(22nd of Nisan, 5673): Eighth Day of Pesach

1913(22nd of Nisan, 5673): Fifty-nine year old Russia born Republican political leader Samuel Affelder a Baltimore City Councilman passed away today after which he was buried at the Har Sinai Cemetery in Baltimore, MD.

1913: Max Shulman is scheduled to be one of the speakers at today at the Passover service at the Chicago Hebrew Insitute.

1913: A strike by 4,000 kosher bakers, members of the Journeymen Bakers’ International Union was scheduled to begin today in New York.

1914: A mass meeting is scheduled to be held at Cooper Union tonight “under the auspices of the Palestine Hebrew Schools Fund Committee which is dealing with the problem of establishing Hebrew as the language of instruction in schools in Palestine.”

1915: Today, Princeton graduate and R.H. Macy partner Nathan Straus, Jr. who served as an Ensign in the U.S. Navy during WW I and a New York State Senator while serving as a director of the Palestine Economic Corporation and the Palestine Development Council as being an active member of the Free Synagogue and the “Temple Beth-El Clubs married Helen E. Sachs

1915: It was reported today that Evangelist Billy Sunday asserted his support for a Jewish return to Palestine when he asked “How do I know that God isn’t using the Allied fleets…to drive the Turks out of the Holy Land that Palestine may be restored to the Jews?!

1916: In Ireland, “the Easter Rising”, to an end today.

1916: Oscar Hammerstein went to the Rialto Theatre building which he found had been padlocked keeping him using rooms that were supposed to have been set aside for his use.

1916: Simon Wolf wrote to U.S. Secretary of State Robert Lansing expressing his concern over reports “that there is to be an outbreak against the Jews of Russia at the coming Russian Easter” and asking him to check with the embassy in St. Petersburg to see how reliable this report is.

1916: “In the course of his sermon on ‘The Attitude of the Papacy to the Jews’ at the New Synagogue” today “Rabbi Ephraim Frisch paid a warm tribute to Pope Benedict for the broad-minded and sympathetic letter he has just issued pledging his moral and spiritual influence among Catholics for the abolition of discrimination and prejudice again the Jews these still obtain.”

1917: Morgenthau resigns his as Ambassador to Turkey.

1917: In Cleveland, Ohio, it was decided tonight at the 67thannual meeting of Temple Tifereth Israel that in accordance with the recommendation of President Benjamin Lowenstein, Rabbi Abba Hillel Silver, the 26 year old unmarried leader of the Reform Congregation in Wheeling, West Virginia will succeed Rabbi Moses J. Gries “as the spiritual leader of the congregation.

1917: In Newark, NJ, at Temple B’nai Jeshurun, Jacob Schiff, Judge Julian Mack and Dr. Lee Frankel spoke at a meeting of the American Jewish Relief Committee at the end of which $40,000 was pledged to the Jewish War Relief Fund.”

1917: The 1916-1917 season of activities sponsored by the Young Men’s Hebrew Association of Williamsburg that began in October and included monthly meeting of a Jewish Congress, dances, lectures and athletic exhibitions is scheduled to come to an end today.

1917: Less than a month after the entry of the United States into the World War, “Zeta Beta Tau, a Jewish fraternity, has sent to its members a proclamation which recites the circumstances of the national emergency and urges members of the organization to do their part toward making the contribution of the Jews to national service reach its utmost possibilities.”

1917: “More than 300 delegates, representing a million and half Jews, cheered and sang for the establishment of a Jewish republic in the Holy Land” at the eighth annual convention of the Kehillah of New York City.

1917: “The Reverend Edward A. Keigwin” delivered a sermon tonight at the West End Presbyterian Church in which he “hailed the fulfillment of Abraham’s prophecy that the Jews would return to Palestine” as could be seen by the advance of British troops in Palestine which would lead to “downfall of Mohammedan power and the restoration of the Holy Land to the Jews.”

1917: During World War I, British forces under General Murray suffer a second defeat at Gaza. This defeat cost Murray his job and led to his replacement by General Allenby who would successfully prosecute the war against the Ottomans.



1918: “Jewish Draftees Given Send-Off At Camden” published today described a dinner given for Jews boys who are about to join the Army which included an address by State Treasurer William T. Read who was representing Governor Edge and an address by Camden Mayor Charles E. Ellis who “lauded the patriotism of the Camden boys.”

1918: The “Twelfth Semi-Annual Assembly” of the Eastern Council of Reform Rabbis whose members included Joseph Silverman, Rudolph Grossman, Joseph Garfinkel and Benjamin Tinter, met for a second and final day today.

1919: The six-man German delegation headed by Foreign Minister Ulrich Graf von Brockdorff-Rantzau arrived at Versailles to take part in the negotiations that would mark the formal end of World War I.  The treaty would be attacked by the Nazis and tied to the Jews.  None of the negotiators were Jews but the facts never get in the way of anti-Semitism.

1919: During the short-lived Bavarian Soviet Republic, the Red Guards who had been “rounding up people they considered to be hostile to the new regime” as ordered by Eugen Leviné executed eight hostages today.

1920: Birthdate of composer Harold Samuel Shapero.  Born in Lynn, Mass., one of Shapero's most famous works was the 9 Minute Opera. Shapero was an educator as well as composer. In 1951 Brandeis University hired Shapero to start its Music Department, and he was later chairman of the department and founder of its electronic music studio with the day's most advanced synthesizers. He taught at Brandeis until 1988 when he retired

1921(21st of Nisan, 5681): Seventh Day of Pesach – finally day for Reform Jews

1922(1st of Iyar, 5682): Rosh Chodesh

1922(1st of Iyar, 5682): Seventy-nine year old David Lindo Alexander, English barrister and a prominent member of the Anglo-Jewish community passed away. He was one of those who expressed “grave reservations” about what would become the Balfour Declaration and later joined “the anti-Zionist League of British Jews.”

1923: Birthdate of movie director Irvin Kershner the native of Philadelphia and a graduate of USC's film school who began his career producing documentaries for the USIA about the Middle East.  Two of his most famous film credits were "Raid on Entebbe" and "Star Wars V - The Empire Strikes Back."

http://www.haaretz.com/jewish/famed-jewish-hollywood-director-irvin-kershner-dies-at-87-1.327720

1924: Charlie Rosenberg, the Jewish boxer who became World Bantamweight Champion in 1925 fought his third and final bout with Cannonball Eddie Martin which ended in a ten round draw.

1924: Harry Landes and his wife gave birth to David S. Landes, who would become “a distinguished Harvard scholar of economic history” “on the kitchen table of his parents’ home in the Seagate neighborhood of Coney Island in Brooklyn.” (As reported by Douglas Marin)

https://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/08/us/david-s-landes-historian-and-author-is-dead-at-89.html?hpw&_r=1&&pagewanted=print

1925: Dr. Florence Rena Sabin the first woman president of the American Association of Anatomists is elected the first woman member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences.

1926: “The Woman in Gold” with a script co-authored by Walter Wassermann was released in Germany and France today.

1926: Birthdate of Paul Baran, the Polish born American Jewish “engineer who outlined one of the core principles of the Internet in the early 1960s and went on to become an entrepreneurial businessman.



1926: Birthdate of Bob Tisch, CEO of Loews and owner of the NY (football) Giants

1927: Birthdate of Abraham Jacob Nathan who would gain fame as Abie Nathan a pilot, entrepreneur, peace activist and founder of the groundbreaking "Voice of Peace" radio station, died Wednesday at Tel Aviv's Ichilov hospital, the hospital said in a statement.

1927: Birthdate of Gertrude Neumark Rothschild “whose research helped improve light-emitting and laser diodes now used in many cellphones, flat-screen televisions and Blu-ray disc players, and who waged a successful copyright-infringement battle against some of the world’s biggest electronics companies that yielded tens of millions of dollars in settlements and licensing fees…”

1927(27th of Nisan, 5687): Mrs. Leopold Stern, the former Eva Sterne who married Leopold Stern “known as the dean of diamond importers in America,” a Republican political leader and philanthropist at Jefferson, TX in 1880 passed away today.

1927(27th of Nisan, 5687): Rachel Sassoon Beer passed away.She was the granddaughter of David Sassoon, editor of The Observer (1891–1904) and owner-editor of The Sunday Times (1893–1904). Rachel was born in Bombay to Sassoon David Sassoon, to the Sassoon family, who made their fortune in trade with the Far East. As a young woman, she volunteered as a nurse in a hospital before marrying Frederick Arthur Beer in 1887. Frederick soon suffered from an illness that changed his personality and led to his early death. Soon after her marriage to Frederick, Rachel began contributing articles to The Observer, which was then owned by the Beer family. In 1891, she took over as editor, becoming the first female editor of a national newspaper in the process.[1] Two years later, she purchased the Sunday Times and became the editor of that newspaper as well. Though "not . . . a brilliant editor], she was known for her "occasional flair and business-like decisions". It was during her time as editor that The Observer achieved one of its greatest exclusives: the admission by Count Esterhazy that he had forged the letters that condemned innocent Jewish officer Captain Dreyfus to Devil's Island. The story provoked an international outcry and led to the release and pardon of Dreyfus and court martial of Esterhazy. Frederick's death in 1903 triggered a breakdown in Rachel, with her erratic behavior culminating in a collapse. The following year she was committed and both newspapers were sold by her trustees. While Rachel subsequently recovered, she required nursing care for the remainder of her life. Rachel spent her final years at Chancellor House in Tunbridge Wells, where she died.She was interred in the Sassoon family mausoleum in Brighton. Among her relatives was the poet Siegfried Sassoon, who was her nephew. In her will she left a generous legacy to Siegfried, enabling him to purchase Heytesbury House in Wiltshire, where he spent the rest of his life. In honour of her request, Siegfried hung an oil portrait of his aunt over the fireplace.

1928: The New York Times published a report of a speech by Dr. Chaim Weizmann, the Zionist leader who had just returned to the United States from Palestine, in which he asserted that the effects of the economic depression of the last two years are about to be overcome and that Eretz Israel is about to enjoy “growth and prosperity such as it has not known” before.

1929(19th of Nisan, 5689): Otto Jaffe, “a German-born British Jewish businessman who was twice elected Lord Mayor of Belfast passed away.

1929: Premiere of “The Woman One Longs For,” a German silent film directed by Curtis Bernhardt, with a script co-authored by Max Brod

1929: In Liverpool, Borach and Leah Moonman gave birth to Eric Moonman who served as a Laborite MP and President of the Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland.”



1930: Birthdate of Solomon Wachtler, the New York Republican political leader, lawyer and Judge whose career ended in disgrace and imprisonment.

1930: Irene Mayer married David O. Selznick with whom she had two sons Lewis Jeffrey and Daniel Selznick both of whom became movie producers.

1931: Birthdate of editor and publisher Robert Gottlieb.

https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/25/books/review/avid-reader-robert-gottlieb.html?ref=headline&nl=bookreview&emc=edit_bk_20160923

1931: In Berlin,Max Auerbach, a patent lawyer, and Charlotte Nora Burchardt, who had trained as an artist gave birth the painter Frank Helmut Auerbach.  In 1939, Auerbach’s parents made arrangements for him to go to Great Britain as part of the Kindertransport.  They died in a concentration camp in 1942.  Their son became a British citizen in 1947.

1933: “Diplomaniacs,” a political satire produced by Sam Jaffe and written by Joseph L. Mankiewicz was released in the United States today.

1933:”Eleven boys and girls” from Detroit, members of “the Chalutzim” are scheduled to set sail for Palestine today.

1934(14th of Iyar, 5694): Pesach Sheni

1934: “The president of the court that is trying three youths in the murder of Dr. Chaim Arlosoroff, Jewish labor leader, visited the scene of the murder at Tel-Aviv accompanied by three associate judges and the prosecution and defense counsel.  The party then went to the vine-yard to which the murderers are supposed to have fled after the crime…The party also visited the grounds of the Jaffa prison and inspected the cell of Abdel Megid whose confession of the murder was produced by the defense in the preliminary investigation and then retracted by Abdel Megid.  The judges sought to ascertain how he could have had lengthy conversations with Abraham Stavsky, one of the three accused.  The prosecution alleges that Stavsky tried to arrange to have Megid take upon himself the guilt for the murder, whereas the defense counsel contends Megid was the murderer and that his confession was retracted under pressure by police.”  [Ed. Note, The murder of Chaim Arosoroff is one of the “stains” on the Zionist movement.  Unknown to many, the episode resurfaced when Prime Minister Rabin was murdered.]

1935: In Berne, Switzerland, “the hearing of the libel suit brought by the Jewish leaders against the publishers of the so-called ‘Protocols of Zion’ is scheduled to resume today.”

1935: “Advancement of the cause of peace through meetings, classes and affiliation with peace groups was urged upon the New York State Federation of Temple Sisterhoods today at its annual meeting in the Community House of the Central Synagogue, 35 East Sixty-Second Street.”

1936:  As the Arab violence continues, in Jerusalem, “revolver shots were fired from an Arab café and stones were hurled at the police from the balcony of hotel.

1936: “The Sheikhs of the Bedouin tribes” living near Migdal, a town founded by Jewish settlers in 1910, “accompanied by Arab notables” visited to the town today “to apologize for yesterday’s attack on Jews by Bedouins who alleged that the Jews had killed two Arab boys” – a charge that proved to be false.

1936: As the Arab attacks on Jews continued throughout Palestine, officials from the municipality of Jaffa “visited the Arab and Jewish quarters and estimated the damage caused by fires there at $150,000, with more than a hundred homes burned.”



1936: Major Tulloch, a former army friend of Churchill’s living in Jericho wrote to the British political leader stressing that ‘the vast majority’ of the poorer Arabs were only too willing to live with the Jews ‘were it not for the way they are terrorized by their ‘leaders’ and told not to in the Arab papers.’”

1936: Birthdate of Zubin Mehta.  Born in Bombay India Mehta became a world famous conductor including serving as director of the New York Philharmonic. He has conducted the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra since around 1970 and was named its music director for life in 1981.
1936: Birthdate of Jacob Rothschild.  The official name of this member of the English branch of the House of Rothschild is Nathaniel Charles Jacob Rothschild, 4th Baron Rothschild.


1936: Birthdate of Joan Sydney Friedman, the native of Chicago, who gained fame as “Joan Peters, a journalist whose 1984 book, From Time Immemorial: The Origins of the Arab-Jewish Conflict Over Palestine, drew accolades and outrage by arguing that claims of a historical Palestinian homeland in Israel were invented.”

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/13/world/middleeast/joan-peters-journalist-who-wrote-on-israeli-palestinian-conflict-dies-at-78.html?_r=1

1937: Sixty-nine year old Norman Hapgood, the author of The Inside Story of Henry Ford’s Jew-Mania passed away today.

https://www.amazon.com/inside-story-Henry-Fords-Jew-mania/dp/B00085Q0DI

1938: The Palestine Post reported that the newly-arrived Palestine Partition Study Commission embarked on an extensive two-weeks-long tour of the country. The Commission had announced that it was offered the good offices of the High Commissioner to reside at the Jerusalem's Government House and that it was ready to receive, at any time, written statements from all persons who desired to place their views before them. Any persons wishing to appear before the Commission were asked to contact the Secretary at the High Commissioner's address.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that a unit of Royal Ulster Riflemen found a huge arms store and arrested 31 Arab suspected terrorists at the Gilat ed Bahr village near Nablus. A curfew was imposed on the whole neighborhood.

1938: “College Swing” a musical featuring the lyrics of Frank Loesser and co-starring George Burns was released today in the United States.

1938: Anti-Jewish riots broke out in Vilna, Poland. The modern state of Poland was created at the end of World War I.  Unfortunately, during the period between the two World Wars, anti-Semitism was part of the Polish political and social landscape.  Apparently anti-Semitism was endemic to the Polish culture since there was a "min-pogrom" there after the Holocaust in 1946.

1939: After a year’s imprisonment physicist Lev Landau was released from the dreaded Lubyanka prison because fellow physicist Pyotr Kapista was brave enough to vouch for him.  (It is important to remember those who work to protect Jews.)

1940: Rudolf Hoess arrived at Auschwitz to set up camp.

1940(21st of Nisan, 5700): Seventh Day of Pesach

1940(21st of Nisan, 5700): Sixty-nine year old New York native Rudolph Block, the “editor of the comic supplements of the Hearst newspapers” who under the pen name Bruno Lessings helped to create “The Katzenjammer Kids” and raised two sons Rudolph Jr and Arthur with his wife Verda passed away today.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1940/04/30/109345942.pdf



1940: In New York, Samuel Multer and Estelle Strossman gave birth University of Rhode Island basketball star Barry D. Multer, Class of ’61.

1940(21st of Nisan, 5700): Fifty-eight year old Polish born conductor and composer Joseph A. Pasternack who came to the United States in the 1890’s passed away today in New York.

http://adp.library.ucsb.edu/index.php/talent/detail/17138/

1940: Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau, Jr. had lunch with FDR at the White House.

1941: “Rabbi George Zepin of Cincinnati, secretary of the Union of American Hebrew Congregations, which is holding its biennial council, was eulogized at an executive session today following the announcement of his retirement after thirty-five years with the union.”

1942: A German truck that refueled near the Lódz (Poland) Ghetto carried luggage belonging to "resettled" Jews who had already been murdered at the Chelmno death camp.

1942: Jews were forced to wear a Jewish Star in Netherlands and Vichy-France.

1943(24th of Nisan, 5703): Near Kraków, Poland, Jewish women attacked their male SS guards while being transferred from one prison to another. Two women escaped but most of the others are killed.

1943(24th of Nisan, 5703): In Kraków Jewish Resistance fighters incarcerated since December 1942 were trucked to the concentration camp at Plaszów, Poland,.Most are killed after breaking out of the truck.

1943(24th of Nisan, 5703): Fifty-six year old Russian born composer and violinist Joseph Achron, the brother of Isidor Achron passed away today.

http://www.josephachron.org/about-achron.html

1943:Rabbi Israel Goldstein, a leader of the Synagogue Council of America was quoted in the New York Times today saying of the recently concluded conference that was supposed to provide aid for Jewish refugees and victims of the Holocuast, "The job of the Bermuda Conference was apparently not to rescue victims of Nazi terror but to rescue our State Department and the British Foreign Office. Victims are not being rescued because the democracies don't want them."

1944:Rose Warfman (née Gluck) was shipped to Auschwitz as part of Convoy 72. The transport consisted of 1004 Jews - 398 men and 606 women – as well as 174 children under the age of 18.  Among the Jews shipped to the death cap was Itzak Katznelson, the Polish born dramatist and author.

1944: Kistarcsa, Hungary, was the site of the first deportation of Jews from Hungary to Birkenau Concentration Camp. 

1945:  U.S. Troops entered Dachau, the first of the S.S.-organized camps. It was founded in March 1933. Dachau was infamous for its pseudo-scientific experiments by German doctors and scientists. The liberating troops from Seventh U.S. Army fond fifty train wagons filled with emaciated bodies. Near the crematorium another huge pile of bodies were found. Of the 33,000 survivors found at Dachau, only 2,439 were Jews. Very few Jews were left alive to liberate. In the next few weeks another 27,000 Jews from the hundreds of camps and sub- camps would still die due to illness, exhaustion and the irreversible effects of starvation. The Americans later used it as a prison camp for Nazi war criminals. Rabbi Abraham Klausner was “the father figure” for the more than 30,000 emaciated survivors found at Dachau, 10 miles northwest of Munich, after it was and later for thousands more left in camps as the Allies tried to determine where they should go.



1945: A few after his liberation by U.S. troops at Dachau, “Edgar Kupfer, a 39 year-old German political prisoner noted in his diary: ‘I shall celebrate this all my life as a second birthday, as the day when I received the gift of a life anew.’”

1945: Jan Komski was among those who liberated today at Dachau. According to Mr. Komski, “the prisoners were told to remain indoors. It was strangely quiet. Then there was the sound of gunfire. Peering outside, he saw prisoners running through the barbed wire, which had been torn to pieces. ‘Then I see first one American, and then a second and a third. Within half an hour, the whole camp was decorated with flags of all nations, probably sewn together and hidden for a long time…’”

1945: Eli A. Bohnen, a chaplain with the 42 Infantry Division entered Dachau today, giving him the dubious distinction of being the first rabbi to enter the German hell-hole.

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/10/AR2007071001911.html

1945: Brigadier General Henning Linden led a group of reporters including Marguerite Higgins and a detachment of the 42nd (Rainbow) Infantry Division as the soldiers received the surrender of the camp commander, generating international headlines by freeing more than 30,000 Jews and political prisoners

1945: “The advance scouts of the US Army's 522nd Field Artillery Battalion, a Nisei-manned segregated Japanese-American Allied military unit, liberated the 3,000 prisoners of the "Kaufering IV Hurlach"[54] slave labor camp.”

1945: “An Office of Strategic Services (OSS) team (code name LUXE) led Army Intelligence to a "Camp IV" today where "they found the camp afire and a stack of some four hundred bodies burning... American soldiers then went into Landsberg and rounded up all the male civilians they could find and marched them out to the camp. The former commandant was forced to lie amidst a pile of corpses. The male population of Landsberg was then ordered to walk by, and ordered to spit on the commandant as they passed. The commandant was then turned over to a group of liberated camp survivors." (As described by Joseph Perisco)

1945: Corporal Henry Senger of the 292nd Field Artillery Observation Battalion captured the commandant of Dachau today.

1945: Joshua Kaufman, a Hungarian Jew, was the first “human being” that American G.I. Daniel Gillepsie saw when he entered Dachau today.

http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4618314,00.html

1945: Fritz Ascher was among the prisoners liberated by the Allies when they entered Berlin-Grunewald.

1946: Forty year old Lt. Col. Martin Gottfried Weiss, the commandant at Dachau was hung today following his conviction during the “Dachau Trials.”

1947: It was announced tonight “at a rally of the Millinery Workers Union, AFL, in Manhattan Center” that “the International Ladies Garment Workers Union has contributed a check for $225,000 to the United Jewish Appeal Campaign chaired by Henry Morgenthau, Jr.

1948(20th of Nisan, 5708): Sixth Day of Pesach

1948: The Haganah captured the two Arab villages just east of Bat Yam, from which attacks on Jewish road traffic into Tel Aviv had frequently been launched.

1948: Following the evacuation by British forces, the Haganah secured the police station at Zemach – a small town at the southern end of the Sea of Galilee, on the Haifa-Damascus road.



1948: Haganah troops occupied the policed fortress at Gesher at the Jordan River crossing of the Haifa-Damascus road.  The Arab Legion attacked the fort and the nearby Jewish settlement at Gesher.  They were so confident of victory that Transjordan Crown Prince Talal came to witness the attack.  The Arab Legion failed to dislodge the under-strength, outgunned Jewish defenders and retreated across the Jordan River.

1949(30th of Nisan, 5709): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1949: “The Steering Committee of the United Nations General Assembly recommended today quick consideration of Israel's bid for membership in the world organization by voting to shift the item from the overloaded Political Committee to the idle Ad Hoc Committee.”

1949: “The Rev. Andrew Scott-Morrison, Moderator of the Jerusalem Presbytery of the Church of Scotland, is now on a mission to Israel, arranging for the release of some of the church properties used by the Israeli Army” as part of the Presbyterian Church’s plans to resume “it educational and health activities in the Holy Land.”

1950: In the only protest to Jordan’s annexation of what became known as the West Bank, Menachem Begin and two of his former aides called upon Israelis to resist this occupation of Eretz Israel by the Arab army.  [Ed Note: You will not find any mention of a Palestinian State, etc in any of the response at this time.]

1950: In Cleveland, Alan Toffler, the author of Future Shock was married today to Adelaide Elizabeth Farrell

1951:Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein, an Austrian-British philosopher, passed away.  Although he was raised as a Christian, when “Germany annexed Austria in the Anschluss; Wittgenstein” became “a citizen of the enlarged Germany and a Jew under the 1935 Nuremberg racial laws, because three of his grandparents had been born as Jews. The Nuremberg Laws classified people as Jews (Volljuden) if they had three or four Jewish grandparents and as mixed blood (Mischling) if they had one or two. It meant inter alia that the Wittgensteins were restricted in whom they could marry or have sex with, and where they could work.” The irony of all of this is at Wittgenstein had gone to the Realschule with Adolf Hitler. 

1952: At Carnegie Hall in New York, Sarah Churchill, daughter of Winston Churchill, read a message of support from her father at an event celebrating the fourth anniversary of Israeli independence and the first meeting of the American Zionist Council, an amalgamation of eith leading Zionist organizations in the United States.  

1952(4th of Iyar, 5712): Yom HaZikaron

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that according to the planned new legislation, just placed before the Knesset, the exclusive jurisdiction of the Rabbinical Courts was to be limited to marriage, divorce and alimony. A new Tenants' Protection Bill, altered in several fundamental respects, was also in preparation.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that Jerusalem's acute water shortage continued after the Municipality failed to pay to the Jerusalem Electric Corporation the agreed upon immediate payment of IL27,000, on account of an IL80,000 debt.

1953(14th of Iyar, 5713): Pesach Sheni

1955: Birthdate of comedian Jerry Seinfeld who gained fame and fortune as the lead in the television series "Seinfeld."

1956: Birthdate of New York native Elisabeth Rosenthal the non-practicing physician and journalist Elisabeth Rosenthal author of An American Sickness: How Healthcare Became Big Business and How You Can Take It Back.

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/04/books/review/an-american-sickness-elisabeth-rosenthal.html

1956(18th of Iyar, 5716): Seventy-eight year old Cincinnati native and University of Cincinnati trained “physician, bacteriologist and philatelist Leo Greenfield Tedesche passed away today “at his winter home in Miami, FL.”)

1956(18th  of Iyar, 5716): During a prepared ambush whose perpetrators included “an Egyptian policeman and a Palestinian farmer”,  Roi Rotberg, the kibbutz security office at Nahal Oz was shot off his horse, beaten and shot again after which then his body was dragged into Gaza where the post- mortem mutilation included having his eyes gouged out.

1957(28th of Nisan, 5717): Yom HaShoah

1957(28th of Nisan, 5717): Seventy-nine year old Solomon Baruch Komaiko the Lithuanian born American author and Zionist who was a cousin of producer David O. Selznick, the father of WW II fighter pilot William Komaiko, “the grandfather of the author Leah Komaiko, composer William Komaiko, flamenco dancer Libby Komaiko, painter Sarah Belchetz-Swenson, Playwrights Project Founder Deborah Salzer and poet Ruth Belchetz” and “great grandfather of journalist Richard Komaiko” passed away today.

1957: Birthdate of English actor Daniel Day-Lewis the son of actress Jill Balcon and the grandson of film producer Sir Michael Elias Bacon who has won three Oscars for Best Actor

1957: Jane Evans, executive director of the National Federation of Temple Sisterhoods, spoke about the need to ordain women rabbis in the Reform movement. , at a biennial general assembly meeting of the Union of American Hebrew Congregations (UAHC), the synagogue federation arm of the Reform movement, and of the National Federation of Temple Sisterhoods (NFTS), Jane Evans spoke to 1,000 delegates in favor of ordaining women rabbis.

http://jwa.org/thisweek/apr/29/1957/jane-evans

1958(9th of Iyar, 5718):Alfred Salmony, “an internationally recognizes authority on Asian art” and Professor of Fine Arts at New York University’s Institute of Fine Arts” passed away today after suffering a heart attack while on board the Ile de France.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15436322.1958.11465592?journalCode=rcaj19

1963 (5th of Iyar, 5723): Yom Ha’Atzmaut, יום העצמאות 15th Anniversary of Israel

1965(27th of Nisan, 5725): Yom HaShoah

1965(27th of Nisan, 5725): Freda Resnikoff, founder of the Mizrachi Women's Organization (now AMIT) passed away.

1965: In Chicago “Paul Krouse and the former Ann Wolk” both of whom were publishers gave birth to filmmaker and author Amy Krouse Rosenthal.

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/13/style/amy-krouse-rosenthal-dies-modern-love.html?_r=0

1966: Sixty-nine year old Terrence MacDermot who served as Canadian Ambassador to Israel from 1954 to 1957 passed away today.

1966(9th of Iyar, 5726): Eighty-three year old Prague born University of Chicago track star, husband of Sadie Cohn and Judge of the Circuit Court of Cook Country who “presided over the Black Sox trial,” baseball’s greatest moment of shame until the steroid scandals passed away today in Chicago.



1967: Fearless of Frank directed, produced and written by Philip Kaufman with music by Meyer Kupferman was released in the United States today.

1968(1st of Iyar, 5728): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1968(1st of Iyar, 5728): Seventy-nine year old newspaper women Sarah Brandstein Smith passed away today.

http://jwa.org/thisweek/apr/29/1968/death-of-writer-sarah-brandstein-smith-queen-of-shundroman

1969(11th of Iyar, 5729): NYU trained attorney Irving Berkelhammer, the husband of Phyllis Berkelhammer, who was involved in various Jewish organizations including the UJA and the Federation of Jewish Philanthropies passed away today..

1971(4th of Iyar, 5731): Yom HaAtzma’ut

 1974: Tonight ABC began broadcasting “QB VII” a mini-series based on a novel of the same name by Leon Uris

1975: The American Sephardic Federation and United Jewish Appeal sponsored a two-week visit for Chief Sephardic Rabbi Ovadia Yossef to visit the United States who came and met with both governmental and Jewish community leaders.

1978(22nd of Nisan, 5738): Eighth day of Pesach; Yizkor

1978(22nd of Nisan, 5738): Eighty-one year old Hungarian author Illona Duczynska Polanyi, the widow of Vienna born economist and WW I veteran of the Austrian Army Karly Polanyi, the author of the Great Transformation and mother of Canadian economist Kari Polanyi Levitt, passed away today in Ontario.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1978/04/30/110847213.html?pageNumber=40

1978(22nd of Nisan, 5738): Ninety-five year old French pediatrician Robert Debré the father of Michel and Jean Louis Debré and the grandfather of Vincent, Francois, Bernard and Guillaume Debré passed away today.

1981: Yaacov Scherft successfully ejected from his F-4E Phantom II

1981(25th of Nisan, 5741): Eighty-five year old ophthalmologist turned entertainment mogul Jules C. Stein founder of the Music Corporation of America passed away today in Los Angeles.

http://www.nytimes.com/1981/04/30/obituaries/jules-c-stein-85-founder-of-mca-dies.html

1983(16th of Iyar, 5743): Eighty-six year old author and Zionist Johan J. Smertenko passed away.

http://www.nytimes.com/1983/05/05/obituaries/johan-j-smertenko-86-dies-author-and-activist-for-israel.html

1984: Hadashot, a Hebrew language daily newspaper was closed by the Israeli Military Censor for three days starting today because it had published an article about “the Ktav 300 Affair” without showing it to the authorities prior to publication.

1984:The lights in Temple Emanu-El were dimmed as 31 survivors of the Holocaust, all women dressed in black, slowly walked to 6 stands and lighted 216 candles in memory of the 6 million Jews who perished at the hands of the Nazis during World War II.

1985: “A Gigantic Death Camp” published today described the conditions at Bergen Belsen on the 40th anniversary of the liberation of the camp by Allied troops.

http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1048304,00.html?internalid=ACA



1990(4th of Iyar, 5750): Yom HaZikaron

1990: Release date for “Voyage of Terror: The Achille Lauro Affair” a made for television movie based on the hijacking of the Achille Lauro and the murder Leon Klinghoffer featuring Rebecca Schaeffer, of  blessed memory, in the role of “Cheryl.”

1992: “Falsettos,” a musical with a book co-authored by William Finn who also wrote the music and lyrics opened on Broadway at the John Golden Theatre.

1993(8th of Iyar, 5753): Eighty-three year old director Michael Gordon passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/1993/05/04/obituaries/michael-gordon-comic-director-on-stage-and-screen-dies-at-83.html

1995: Final broadcast of NBC sitcom “Empty Nest” directed by Dinah Beth Manoff.

1996: The musical hit “Rent” premiered at the Nederlander Theatre. The original concept for Rentcame from Billy Aronson a Jewish-American playwright and writer.

1997)22nd of Nisan, 5757): Eighth and final day of Pesach

1998(3rd of Iyar, 5758):Yom Hazikaron

1998: In the evening, Israelis began celebrating the 50th anniversary of the founding of their country (although, according to the Western calendar, the anniversary fell on May 14th).

2000(24th of Nisan, 5760): Parashat Achrei Mot

2000(24th of Nisan, 5760): Ninety-five year old Abraham “Goldie” Goldberg, the husband Rose Goldberg, the father of Muriel Ginsberg and the founder of the “Fraser-Gold Carpet Corporation in Manhattan.”

2001: The New York Timesfeatured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Was This Man A Genius? Talks With Andy Kaufman
by Julie Hecht, Dazzler
The Life and Times of Moss Hart by Steven Bach and Washington by Meg Greenfield.


2001: An exhibition entitled “Marc Chagall: Early Works from Russian Collections” opens at the Jewish Museum in New York City. These early years in Russia provide the key to Chagall’s long and prolific career. They also show how Yehuda Pen, the artist who was Chagall’s earliest teacher and mentor, influenced his art.

2001: Hamas claimed responsibility for today’s school bus bombing at Nablus.

2002: Cairo columnist Fatma Abduall Mahmoud declared, “With regard to this Holocaust swindle, many French studies have shown that this is nothing more than a fabrication, a lie and a fraud.  But, I personally complain to Hitler, even saying to him from the bottom of my heart, ‘If only you had done it, brother, if only it had really happened, so that the world could sign in relief without their evil and sin.’”

2003(27th of Nisan, 5763): Yom Hashoah

2003: “Responding to a Syrian call to revive peace talks, Israel said today that it was skeptical of the offer but would be willing to meet as long as Israel was not required to make concessions in advance.”

2004: “Chrissie Watts, a fictional character from the BBC soap opera EastEnders, played by Tracy-Ann Oberman appeared for the first time today” in what would be an 18 month run.



2004: Just months before his death Tzvi Tzur, the IDF’s 6thChief of Staff,signed a letter of support in Ariel Sharon's plan to leave Gaza.

2005(20th of Nisan, 5675): Sixth Day of Pesach

2005: Today, CBS broadcast the last episode of “JAG” a Naval legal series featuring Jordana Spiro as “Lt. Tali Mayfield

2006(1st of Iyar, 5766): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

2006: Katha Pollit married “political theorist Steven Lukes.

2006: Ninety-seven year old Nobel Prize winner Rita Levi-Montalcini attended the session of the Senate in Rome where the candidate she supported was elected President.

2007: Maccabi USA sponsors a Tribute Brunch Honoring Richard Reff at Woodmont Country Club, Rockville, MD. Dr. Reff is a Washington, D.C. area orthopedic surgeon specializing in sports medicine who supports the Richard B. Reff, M.D. Maccabi Youth Games Endowment Fund.

2007: An exhibit styled “Ben’s Lens” comes to a close at the Sydney Jewish Museum in Sydney, Australia.  This “Photographic Retrospective by Ben Apfelbaum” follows the Jewish calendar of religious festivals, life-cycle ceremonies, carnivals, demonstrations and commemorations, documenting secular and religious Jewish life and culture in Sydney.

2007: The Sunday New York Times book section featured a review of The Worlds of Lincoln Kirstein by Martin Duberman.  According to the review, Martin Duberman shows how Lincoln Kirstein, a "queer Jewish intellectual," became a cultural power.

2007: Israeli author David Grossman delivers the Arthur Miller Freed to Write Lecture at PEN’s World Voices Festival.

2007(11th of Iyar, 5767): Fifty-eight year Israeli Paralympic champion Eliezer Kalina who a leg while fighting in the Yom Kippur War passed away today.

http://www.paralympic.org/ipc_results/search.php?sport=all&games=all&medal=all&npc=all&gender=all&name=kalina&fname=

2008: The Jerusalem Cinematheque presents a screening of “The Cellar” \ המרתף.Emmanuel Scharf, a Holocaust survivor who works as a night guard in Tel Aviv, cannot escape the nightmarish memories from his past. Memories of Germany before the war, of returning from the Dachau concentration camp, mingle with those of Hans, an SS officer who was a childhood friend but now has taken over his house.

2008:The 92nd Street Y presentsFrom Architecture to Infrastructure: Creating a Palestinian State” with C. Ross Anthony and Doug Suisman. Creating a successful Palestinian state poses a wide range of political, economic, social and environmental challenges. C. Ross Anthony—the Rand Corporation’s director for global health and the co-director of Rand’s Center for Domestic and International Health Security—and Doug Suisman, an award-winning architect and urban planner, offer an in-depth plan to overcome these obstacles, meet the population’s infrastructure needs and spark long-term development in a future state

2008(24thof Nisan, 5768): Twenty-four year old Senior Airman Jonathan A.V. Yelner “was killed in Afghanistan when his vehicle was struck by an improvised explosive device.” As reported by Maia Efrem

2009:The YIVO Institute for Jewish Research presents a lecture by Indiana University’s Jolanta Mickute entitled “Emancipation and Its Discontents: Jewish Women in Interwar Poland” that addresses the debate surrounding the emancipation of Jewish women in interwar Poland, and examines how the limits established by Jewish tradition, ethnicity, class, locale and gender shaped the Jewish women’s identities in the Polish host culture.
2009:  As part of the ASF Books and Authors Series, The American Sephardi Federation features a presentation by Pearl Sofar author of “Baghdad to Bombay: In the Kitchens of My Cousins.” Sofaer was born and grew up in Bombay, India.  She is a musician, artist, cantorial soloist, retired mediator and gourmet cook who shares many of the stories and recipes of her beloved family.


2009 (5 Iyar, 5769): Yom Ha’Azma’ut – Israel Independence Day

2009: As part of the Independence Day Celebration, Israel Prize winners are formally honored including Israeli sculptor Micha Ullman, Professor Emanuel Tov of the Hebrew University, archaeologist Amihai Mazar, medical researcher Professor Zvi Laron,  Itamar Procaccia, Reuven Tsur, Israel Levin and the Israel Democracy Institute

2009: In the United States, Yom Ha’Azma’ut Celebrations include a concert by Israeli Hip Hop/Funk/Drum & Bass group Coolooloosh at Yale University, a Yom Ha'atzmaut Shukat NYUand a community-wide celebration at Ithaca College complete with live music, food, arts & crafts, games, a hookah circle, and much more.

2009:This month's poetry reading evening at the Kensington Row Bookshop includes Michael S. Glaser, the current Maryland Poet Laureate and author of “Being a Father.”

2009: Italian officials released Youssef Majed al-Molqi, the convicted of killing Leon Klinghoffer who was sentenced to 30 years for murdering Leon Klinghoffer was released from prison today “for good behavior.”

2010: Dutch documentary filmmaker Wolf “Willy” Lindwer “was bestowed with the Dutch order Officer in the Order of Orange-Nassau by Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands in recognition of his work for the Netherlands.”

2010: Two days after she had passed away, funeral services are scheduled to be held at Temple Israel of Hollywood for Ruth Nusbauam, “the matriarch of Temple Israel,” Zionist leader, and widow of Rabbi of Max Nussbaum with whom she raised two children – Hannah and Jeremy.

https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/latimes/obituary.aspx?pid=142306979



2010: David Adelman began serving as the U.S. Ambassador to Singapore.

2010: The New York Times reviewed books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including “Innocent” by Scott Turow.

2010:The PEN World Voices Festival, Center for Jewish History and the Consulate General of Israel are scheduled to present Eshkol Nevo, one of Israel's most exciting new voices in a program entitled “Homesick: Eshkol Nevo in Conversation with Michael Orthofer.”

2010(15thof Iyar, 5770):Devra G. Kleiman, “a conservation biologist who reintroduced into the wild the tiny endangered monkey known as the golden lion tamarin, and who learned so much about the lives of giant pandas that scientists could later help them reproduce in captivity, died in Washington” at the age of 67. At her death, Dr. Kleiman was a senior scientist emeritus at the National Zoo in Washington, with which she had been associated for nearly four decades.(As reported by Margalit Fox)

2010(15th of Iyar, 5770): Avigdor Arikha passed away the after his 81st birthday

2010: Reuven Rivlin, Speaker of the Knesset said that he "would rather accept Palestinians as Israeli citizens than divide Israel and the West Bank in a future two-state peace solution"..

2011:Bloomberg L.P. announced that Michael Kinsley had joined the Bloomberg View editorial board.”

2011:Peggy and Murray Schwartz are scheduled to launch their new book, “The Dance Claimed Me: A biography of Pearl Primus” at the 92nd St Y

2011: Westwood One sold Metro Networks, which had been founded by Baltimore native David I. Saperstein in 1978, to Clear Channel Communications.

2012: Filmmaker Dani Menkin is scheduled to participate in a Q&A following a screening of “Dolphin Boy” at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2012: At Kibbutz Yehudah in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Dr. Steve Feller, renowned professor of physics and published author on the subject of coins and money is scheduled to deliver a talk on ancient Jewish coins.

2012: Four members of Adat Reyim are scheduled to lay a wreath “at the Tomb of Unknowns in Arlington Cemetery to honor Jewish service members who gave their lives supporting the war on terrorism.”

2012:Performance Iowa is scheduled to present “Music to Commemorate the Passover Season & The Holocaust,” a live 2 p.m. broadcast from the Caspe Terrace in Waukee, IA. Featuring University of Northern Iowa faculty members Hunter Capoccioni, double bass and Dmitri Vorobiev, piano, the program will include music by Ernest Bloch, Hermann Berlinkski, Yehuda Yannay, Maurice Ravel, Tony Osborne and Max Bruch. Cantor Gail Karp will perform traditional Hebrew and Yiddish songs. Three Des Moines-area Rabbi will participate in this special program. Rabbi Yossi Jacobson, Rabbi Leib Bolel and Rabbi David Kaufman all will speak on different topics.

2012:The Jerusalem International Chamber Music Festival is scheduled to come to an end.

2012: The Sunday Edition on CBC Radio One broadcast David Gutnick’s documentary “It wasn’t teatime: Ethel Stark and the Montreal Women’s Symphony Orchestra “ which tells the story of how in 1940 Ethel Stark helped establish the Montreal Women’s Symphony Orchestra, the first all-female Canadian symphony orchestra and one of only a couple in North America. At the time, women were not allowed to play in most symphony orchestras.

2013: Theilluminated manuscript, known as the Frankfurt Mishneh Torah is scheduled to be auctioned today at Sotheby’s in New York City(As reported by Ula Ilnytzky)

http://www.timesofisrael.com/11-million-worth-of-jewish-art-to-be-auctioned-in-nyc/?utm_source=The+Times+of+Israel+Daily+Edition&utm_campaign=22d8766c77-2013_01_11&utm_medium=email

http://www.jpost.com/JewishWorld/JewishNews/Article.aspx?id=304132

2013: The 15th annual Felicja Blumental Chamber Music Festival is scheduled to open at the Tel Aviv Museum of Art

2013: The Dolphin-class submarine INS Rahav was delivered today to the Israeli Navy

2013: The Alexandria Kleztet is scheduled to perform at the United States Holocaust Museum.

2013: Danny Kaye, Frank Loesser and Jule Styne are scheduled to be honored at a New York Pops Concert at Carnegie Hall.



2013: Elderly survivors of the Holocaust and the veterans who helped liberate them joined President Bill Clinton and Elie Wiesel to mark the 20th anniversary of the dedication of the U.S. Holocuast Memorial Museum.

2013: The IDF and the Defense ministry unveiled Israel’s Dolphin-class submarine in a ceremony in Kiel, Germany.

2014: Stuart S. Kurlander is scheduled to receive the Lee G. Rubenstein Outstanding Leadership award this evening at the Washington DCJC Spring Showcase.

2014: “My German Friend” is scheduled to be shown at the JCC Rockland International Jewish Film Festival.

2014(29thof Nisan, 5774): Ninety-two year old Reuven Feuerstein “an Israeli clinical, developmental, and cognitive psychologist, known for his theory of intelligence which states “it is not ‘fixed’, but rather modifiable” passed away today.

http://www.jpost.com/National-News/Professor-Reuven-Feuerstein-A-personal-remembrance-from-a-very-grateful-mother-350876

http://www.daffodilproject.org/newsletter/Laudatio%20Feuerstein.htm

2014(29thof Nisan, 5774): Eighty-eight year old Al Feldstein, “the soul of Mad Magazine” passed away today. (As reported by Bruce Weber)

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/01/business/media/soul-of-mad-magazine-al-feldstein-dies-at-88.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&_r=0

2014: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to present “Reinventing Jewishness in Post-Communist Hungary: Antisemitism and Jewish Renaissance.”

2014: In response to the release of an “audio recording in which a man identified as Los Angeles Clippers owner Donald Sterling tells his girlfriend not to bring black people to games, the National Action Newtwork planned a protest out of tonight’s NBA playoff game in Los Angeles.”

2015:NMAJH Chief Historian and acclaimed scholar of American Jewish history, Jonathan D. Sarna, is scheduled to discuss the importance of Lincoln's legacy for Jews and for all Americans at the National Museum of American Jewish History.

2015: Hillary Swank is “set to star as Deborah Lipstadt in the screen adaptation of her book, “History on Trial: My Day in Court with a Holocaust Denier.” (As reported by Anne Cohen)

https://www.haaretz.com/jewish/hilary-swank-to-star-in-holocaust-denier-biopic-1.5356355

2015: “Farewell Herr Schwarz” and “Transit” are scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2015(10thof Iyar, 5775): Eighty-nine year old composer Ronald Senator “and his wife Miriam Brickman died in a house fire at their home in Yonkers, New York.”

http://www.timesofisrael.com/jewish-composer-and-his-musician-wife-die-in-ny-house-fire/

http://newyork.cbslocal.com/2015/04/30/fatal-yonkers-fire-ronald-senator-miriam-brickman/

2015(10thof Iyar, 5775): Ninety one year old Jean Nidetch the founder of Weight Watchers passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/30/business/jean-nidetch-dies-at-91-co-founder-of-weight-watchers-and-dynamic-speaker.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

http://jwa.org/blog/jean-nidetch-diet-queen

2015: Shoah survivor Morris Rosen is scheduled to speak at the US Holocaust Memorial Museum.

2015: “A Life with Asperger’s is scheduled to be show at Temple Rodef Shalom in Falls Church, VA.

2015: The Leo Baeck Institute and YIVO Institute for Jewish Research are scheduled to present a lecture by Jack Jacobs based on his latest book The Frankfurt School, Jewish Lives and Antisemitism

2016: The 92ndStreet Y is scheduled to host “The LexList Spring Bashing.

2016: Dalia Betolin-Sherman, who has master’s degree in Hebrew Literature and won the Ramat Gan debut fiction award is scheduled to appear at the Frederick P. Rose Auditorium as part of the PEN World Voices Festival.

2016: “The Professor Has a Daring Past” published today tells the story of Julius Rosenberg, the last surviving member of the group assembled by Varian Fry that showed unbelievable bravery and creativity to save over two thousand people including March Chagall from being trapped in Vichy France, whose leaders played an activity role in shipping Jews to Auschwitz.

https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/01/nyregion/professor-justus-rosenberg-has-a-past.html?_r=1

2016: “Dough” a British film that tells “the unlikely story of an alliance between an elderly, widowed Jewish kosher bakery owner and a teenage Muslim Darfuri refugee” debuted across the United States today.

2016: At Temple Judah in Cedar Rapids, the Holocaust becomes “human” when Lena Gilbert is scheduled to host at Oneg in memory of her parents who were liberated on this date, April 29, in 1945.

2016(21stNisan, 5776): Seventh Day of Pesach

2017(3rdof Iyar, 5777): Parashat Tzaria and Metsora;

2017: “Cupcakes” is scheduled to be shown at The Annual East Bay Jewish Film Festival.

2017: “The Dreyfus Affair” is scheduled to be shown at BAM Fisher in Brooklyn, NY

2017(21s of Nisan, 5776): Seventy-eight year old playwright William Hoffman passed away today. (As reported by Sam Roberts)

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/01/theater/william-m-hoffman-dead-wrote-as-is-play-about-aids.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

2018: The New York Times published reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Promise and the Dream: The Untold Story of Martin Luther King, Jr., and Robert F. Kennedy by David Margolick and the recently issued paperback editions of The First Love Story: Adam, Eve and Us by Bruce Feiler and The Best Minds of My Generation: A Literary History of the Beats by Allen Ginsberg,

2018: Following a spate of anti-Semitic incidents in Germany, and widespread displays of solidarity with Berlin’s Jewish community, activists in the city are scheduled to distribute 10,000 kippas to passersby in the city’s public places in another kind of demonstration” today in what organizers describe as “a personal rally against anti-Semitism.” (As reported by Luke Tress)

2018: Television star Roseanne Barr and Anthony Scaramucci who gained “fame” as President Trump’s short-lived Communications Director are among those scheduled to speak at The Jerusalem Post Annual Conference today.

2018: In Grand Rapids, MI, “Mary Edmond, a Rosenwald school alumnus” is scheduled to speak prior the screening of “Rosenwald.”

2018: The Center for Jewish History, Leo Baeck Institute and CUNY Graduate Center are scheduled to host Elliot R. Wolfson, Marsha and Jay Glazer Endowed Chair in Jewish Studies at the University of California, Santa Barbara, as they speak about the  highly anticipated new book, The Duplicity of Philosophy’s Shadow: Heidegger, Nazism, and the Jewish Other.

2018(14thof Iyar, 5778): Pesach Sheni

https://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/470865/jewish/Pesach-Sheni.htm

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/pesach-sheni

2019: “The City of Joel” is scheduled to be shown at the 16th annual International Jewish Festival in Rockland, NY.

2019: As part of the exhibition “Inescapable: The Life and Legacy of Harry Houdini” the Breman Museum is scheduled to host a “Magical Monday.”

2019: Darren Aronofsky whose “feature debut Pi (1998) was selected for the 27th New Directors/New Films, and The Wrestler (2008) was Closing Night of the 46th New York Film Festival” is scheduled to be one of the “special guest speakers for the 50th Anniversary Gala” this evening which is a celebration “of fifty years of film at Lincoln Center.”

2019: It was reported today that over the weekend, State Comptroller had released a report “exposing a series of irregularities with regards to how the Culture Ministry handled “last year’s Independence Day Celebration.”

2019: The Oxford University Jewish is scheduled to host the Zoom version of “Quiz Night.”

2020: The American Jewish Historical Society is scheduled to host Lynn Melnick, the poetry teacher at Columbia and the 92nd Street Y as she leads a virtual poetry writing workshop “inspired by ‘The New Colossus.’”

2020: The Jewish Federations of North America is scheduled to host an online celebration of Israel's Independence Day on Facebook Live or On YouTube at https://youtu.be/LrNU5GhJkFY.

2020: “Saving Free Speech…from itself” scheduled to take place today has been canceled by the Illinois Holocaust Museum due to the Pandemic

2020: The Striecker Center is scheduled to host a virtual presentation by Professor Fred Lazin as he lectures on “How Shanghai Saved Twenty Thousand Jews.”

2020: This morning at 9 a.m. PST Friends of the IDF is scheduled to host a virtual celebration Yom HaAtzmaut with a program that includes Israel’s Eurovision representative, IDF soldier Corp. Eden Alene, who will perform with the IDF Ensemble.

2020: Musician Kami Maltz  is scheduled to perform Israeli classics in a Yom HaAtzmaut concert presented by the Jewish Federations of North America.

2020: The S.F.-based Jewish Community Federation is scheduled to host a virtual concert of Ethiopian funk by the Anbessa Orchestra,

2020: Seventy-fifth anniversary of the liberation of the parents of Lena Gilbert from Dachau.

2020(5thof Iyar, 5780):Yom Ha'atzmaut; for more see http://downhomedavartorah.blogspot.com/







This Day, April 30, In Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb Levin Z"L

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April 30

313: Licinius defeated Maximinus at the Battle of Tzirallum, thus making him the Emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire.  The Emperor of the Western Roman Empire was his brother-in-law, Constantine. The two in laws would clash repeatedly until Constantine defeated Licinius and eventually killed him despite the pleas of his sister to spare her husband’s life. We know that Constantine made Christianity the state religion of the Roman Empire with all that that would mean for the Jews of Europe.  Would it have been any different if Licinius had triumphed?  Who knows?  Lucinius did subscribe to the policy of tolerance towards Christians but those who were writing history in the fourth and fifth century tended to create an idyllic vision of Constantine which meant painting a less than flattering portrait of Licinius.  Gibbon follows the same path in his history of the Roman Empire.

711: Moorish troops led by Tariq ibn-Ziyad land at Gibraltar to begin their invasion of the Iberian Peninsula (Al-Andalus).  For the Jews living under the Visigoth rulers of Spain, this is good news.  The victory of the Moors will mark the start of what is called the Golden Age.  Ironically, the Golden Age will begin to tarnish not because of Christians, but because of an invasion by another, more religiouslyconservative group of Moslems. (Some sources say this actually happened on April 29) 

1002: Margrave Eckard I whose brother was deposed by “Emperor Henry II because he was accused of having sold Christian serfs to the Jews” passed away today.

1245: Birthdate King Philip III of France, the son Louis IX (St. Louis).  During Phillip’s reign, the Pope turned the attention of the Inquisition from suppressing the heresy of the Albigenses to the Jews of southern France who had converted to Christianity. The popes complained that not only were baptized Jews returning to their former faith, but that Christians also were being converted to Judaism. Pope Gregory X ruled that Jewish converts who had returned to Judaism, as well as Christians who converted to Judaism were to be treated by the Inquisitors as heretics. The instigators of such apostasies, as those who received or defended the guilty ones, were to be punished in the same way as the delinquents. When the Jews of Toulouse buried a Christian convert in their cemetery, they were brought before the Inquisition in for trial, with their rabbi, Isaac Males and having been found guilty were burned at the stake. Needless to say, Phillip did nothing to protect his subjects. 

1349: The Jewish community at Radolszell, Germany, was exterminated.  This appears to have been part of a wave of attacks on Jewish communities that took place during 1348 and 1349.  They were in response to fears about the Black Death and a convenient way for non-Jewish nobles and others to avoid having to re-pay their Jewish creditors. 

1425: Birthdate of William III of Luxembourg who” minted a silver groschen known as the Judenkopf Groschen. Its obverse portrait shows a man with a pointed beard wearing a Jewish hat, which the populace took as depicting a typical Jew.”

1492: The Edict of Expulsion for all the Jews of Spain was passed. Since professing that Jews were not under the jurisdiction of the Inquisition, the Church decided to level a ritual murder accusation against them in Granada and was thus able to call for the expulsion of both Jews and Marranos from Spain. The Marranos themselves were accused of complicity in the case, and both were ordered to leave within four months. Torquemada, the director of the Inquisition (and incidentally of Jewish descent), defended this against Don Isaac Abarbanel. The edict was passed, and over fifteen thousand Jews had to flee, some to the Province of Aragon and others, like Abarbanel, to Naples. Still others found temporary sanctuary in Portugal.

1556: A community of Marranos at Ancona (Italy) was devastated when Pope Paul IV retracted letters of protection issued by previous Popes' for protection of the Jews, and ordered immediate proceedings to be taken by the Holy Office. The result of the findings came in the spring and early summer, when 24 men and 1 woman were burned alive in successive proceedings. Their deaths are memorialized in that city every Tisha B'av.

1563: The Jews were expelled from France by order of Charles VI

1637(6thof Iyar, 5397): Abraham Joseph Jacob Katzenellenbogen a Polish rabbi born in 1549 who “was the grandfather of Ezekiel Katzenellenbogen, author of Keneset Yehezkel” passed away today in Lemberg.

1659: In New Amsterdam, Cornelius Plavier mortgaged his house on Heere Street (later Broadway) at the city wall (Wall Street) the day after judgment was rendered against him in a case brought by Abraham Cohen. It is assumed that the money obtained from the mortgage was intended to satisfy the judgment.  But no documents actually exist to prove that Cohen got either the money or the beaver pelts which were owed to him.

1693(24th of Nisan): Rabbi David Ha-Kohen of Jerusalem, author of “Da’at Kadoshim” passed away.

1722: “The officers of Harvard Corporation vote that Judah Monis be approved as an instructor of the Hebrew language at the College, under the condition that he convert to Christianity. One month before assuming his post at Harvard, Monis converts before a large assembly in College Hall.”

1796(22ndof Nisan, 5556): Eight Day of Pesach and Yizkor observed for the last time during the Presidency of George Washington.

1788: In Philadelphia, the members of Congregation Mikveh Israel appealed to the non-Jews of the City of Brotherly Love.  Founded in the 1740’s the congregation was dealing with unforeseen debt brought on by the economic downturn that followed the American Revolution.  Such prominent citizens as Benjamin Franklin, State Attorney General William Bradford and Thomas McKean one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence helped to provide the congregation with financial assistance

1789: George Washington took the oath of office making him the first elected President of the United States.  As can be seen from his correspondence with various Jewish congregations Washington had a positive view of Jews.  More to the point, his welcoming attitude expressed in that correspondence set the tone for the American Jewish experience and his election helped solidify the creation of the new republic which has been a haven for Jews for the last two centuries.

1789: Colonel David S. Franks was “one of the marshals in charge of the procession” at George Washington inaugural.

1789: G. M. Seixas was one of the fourteen ministers who participated in the inaugural exercises of Washington’s administration in New York” today.

1793 (18th of Iyar, 5553): Lag B’Omer

1796: Birthdate of Adolphe Crémieux “a French-Jewish lawyer and statesman, and a staunch defender of the human rights of the Jews of France.”

1800 The government of Czar Paul I enacted a decree forbidding Jews from importing books in any language. This was part of series of schemes to help the Russian government control their newly acquired mass of Jews.  This large population had become part of the anti-Semitic Russian Empire as a result of the three-way partition of Poland.

1803: The United States purchased the Louisiana Territory from the French in what is known as the Louisiana Territory.  French law had banned Jews from settling in these lands which means the purchase opened a swath of land stretching from the banks of the Mississippi west to the Rocky Mountains to Jewish settlement including such cities as St. Louis and New Orleans.

1805: Nathan Davis married Sarah Jacobs at the Great Synagogue today.

1806: The question of the treatment of the Alsace Jews and their debtors raised in the Imperial Council today.

1812: Fifty-six year old “English author and bookseller” Henry Lemoine who was a supporter of David Levi, the author refuted Joseph Priestly’s written demand that the Jews convert to Christianity and published his obituary in which he described Levi “as a great explainer and defender of Judaism against both Christians and sceptics” passed away today.1812: The Territory of Orleans became the 18th U.S. state under the name Louisiana. The first Jews, who were Sephardim, came to Louisiana at the start of the 18th century.  “In New Orleans community life began in the 1820’s with the purchase of a burial plot by a society that called itself Gates of Loving Kindness.  A house of prayer, now known as the Touro Synagogue soon followed and by 1850 still another congregation existed in the city.”  For more about the history of the Jews of Louisiana see “Gefilte Fish in the Land of the Kingfish: Jewish Life in Louisianaat http://www.louisianafolklife.org/LT/Articles_Essays/jewsinla.html

1812: Asher Isaacs married Judith Cohen at the Great Synagogue today.

1817(14th of Iyar, 5577): Pesach Sheni

1819: While visiting Charleston, SC, President James Monroe attended a performance of Isaac Harby’s “third and last play, ‘Alberti’” “three years after Harby had written Secretary of State James Monore his ‘portion of the people’ protest.”

1825: Birthdate of Iganz “Ignatz” Grossman, the husband of Anna “Nettie” Rosenbaum and Hungarian Rabbi who came to Brooklyn in 1873 to lead Congregation Beth Elohim and whose three sons – Louis, Rudolph and Julius – all became Rabbis.

1830: In Klweinsteinach, Bavaria, Abraham Schloss and Miriam Strauss gave birth to Seligman Schlosss, who served as “vice president and director of Fort Wayne and Belle Island Railroad Company for over twenty years” and director of the Cleveland Jewish Orphan Asylum for eight years.

1833: Prussian educator and philanthropist Baruch Auerbach took four orphans into his own house which was the start of the Baruch Auerbach Orphan Asylum that cared for 300 children during his lifetime and which was home to seventy orphans when he passed away.

1836: Samuel and Theresia Bloch gave birth to Leopold Bloch, the husband of Rosa Bloch.

1837: Birthdate of Dr. Alfred R. Gaul, the English composer and conductor who created the cantata “Israel in the Wilderness.”

1859: Tuscany was incorporated in the kingdom of Sardinia (later the kingdom of Italy) and to the position of the Jewish people improved because “the principle of equal rights without discrimination on religious grounds was introduced there also.” (As described by Virtual Jewish Library)

1862: Philadelphian Major Joseph L. Moss resigned from the Union Army today only to resume his service in October of 1862.

1862: Bennett Cassell married Dinah Nathan today at the Great Synagogue today.

1863: During the Civil War, today was a day that President Lincoln had designated “as a day of national humiliation, fasting and prayer.”  He requested “all the people to abstain…from their ordinary secular pursuits, and to unite, at their several places of public worship and their respective homes, in keeping the day holy to the Lord, and devoted to the humble discharge of the religious duties proper to that solemn occasion.” The Jews joined their fellow Americans in honoring the proclamation with most synagogues being described as “opened” with the Psalms normally read on religious penitential days being invoked on this national day of penitence. According to published reports, very eloquent address was delivered by Rabbi Raphall, at the Greene-street Synagogue. “He remarked that it was a curious coincidence that on this, a fast day appointed by their own religious observances, they met in compliance with the Proclamation of the President of the United States, to fast and pray. He had been in this country fourteen years. During the first ten years no public proclamation had ever directed their thoughts and feelings to humiliation and fasting. Once in every year the highest functionary in every State proclaimed a day of general thanksgiving, and with that the debt of national gratitude was supposed to be paid. But now the rulers of the nation come year after year and call upon the people to weary Heaven with fruitless professions of a penitence they did not feel, and of a humility they did not practice. These proclamations fast days, on which no one fasts, are but the repetition of those so strongly reproved by the prophet Isaiah; and, though the people dare not put his questions, "Wherefore do we fast and Thou seest it not? Afflict our souls and Thou will not notice it!" -- since in reality the people do neither -- still the answer would stand good. "Because while you profess humiliation, you persist in your arrogance and your extortions do not cease." If ever a people needed to humble itself before God -- if ever fasting and prayer, sack cloth and ashes were to be worn -- it was by the people of these United States. Like our fathers, the Israelites of old, for whom pious Nekeiniah made such fervent supplication, the people of this country are justly amenable to his confession made for Israel: "In their dominions, in all the great prosperity Thou didst bestow upon them, and throughout the large and rich land which Thou gavest unto them, they did not serve Thee, neither turned they from their evil deeds." The preacher then drew a parallel between the sins of the Israelites, which called forth the reproof of the preacher, and the past conduct of this nation, which was equally amenable to the words of the inspired prophet. What were they to say for the citizens of the United States who already and so long possess the two greatest earthly blessings, Education and Freedom, and yet make so bad a use of both? Education should be the guardian of freedom and of virtue, it was the birthright of every American, bestowed on all and withheld from none. But what principles did it actually inculcate -what virtues did it really teach? Did it inculcate respect for free institutions? Answer, ye place-hunters, ye ballot-box stuffers, ye shoulder-hitters, who reduce self-government to a disgusting farce. Did it teach patriotism? Answer, ye spoils-men, ye office-seekers and holders, who cement party lines with the cohesive force of public plunder. Did it teach common honesty? Answer, ye peculators and speculators, who fatten on the blood of the hard-worked masses, and who dignify roguery by the name of smartness. His heart ached as he spoke to them of the effects of perverted education; it would ache still more were he to direct attention to the bitter fruits of abused freedom. He need not remind them that while the best men North and South had long been driven aloof from the affairs of the country, demagogues, fanatics and a party Press had so managed matters that they found themselves in the third year of a destructive but needless sectional war, which has armed brother against brother, consigned hundreds of thousands to an untimely grave, and to ruin and devastation tens of thousands of square miles of flourishing and happy land; and what was worse than all this, while humanity weeps we must suppress our sympathy. However, our hearts may yearn for peace and brotherly love, our reason convinces us that the present is not the time to expect, or even to hope for the cessation of blood. On the contrary, though we may detest the cause and course of events, it is our duty loyally to stand by our section of the country, to maintain her quarrel and defend her rights, while we have the consolation to know that our side did not begin the fray, and that the cause of Union was the worthiest in the field.”  

1863: In “The Rothschilds and the Union” published today, W.W. Murphy takes issue with Harper’s Weekly depiction of the famous banking family and ask that corrections be made.

“In your paper (Harper's Weekly) of Feb. 28, you do a great injustice to the eminent firm of ROTHSCHILDS here, when you hint that they are like a certain Rabbi who held opinions that some men were born to be slaves. I know not what the other firms -- and there are many of the ROTHSCHILDS, all related -- in Europe think of Slavery, but here the firm of M.A. VON ROTHSCHILD& amp; SON are opposed to Slavery and in favor of Union. A converted Jew, ERLANGER, has taken the rebel loan of £3,000,000, and lives in this city; and Baron ROTHSCHILD informed me that all Germany condemned this act of lending money to establish a slaveholding Government, and that so great was public opinion against it that ERLANGER & CO. dare not offer it on the Frankfort Bourse. I further know that the Jews rejoice to think that none of their sect would be guilty of lending money for the purpose above named; but it was left, they say, for apostate Jews to do it”.

1863: The Army of the Potomac (Union) which included Jacob Ezekiel Hyneman and Captain Joseph Greenhut made the openings in a clash with the Army of Northern Virginia (Rebel) under the command of Robert E. Lee which would be known as the Battle of Chancellorsville.

1864: Abraham Aba and Dina Feiga Wilensky gave birth to Max (Arron Mordecai) Wilensky who in 1880 came to the United States in 1880 where he was a member of the Rosenthal Colony in South Dakota and manufacturer of shoes in New York before coming to Savannah, GA where founded the successful business M. Wilensky and Son, served as “President of the Savannah Kehilla, a director of Congregation B.B. Jacob and Treasurer of the Order of B’nai Zion while raising six children with his wife Rachel Kourshan.

1864: During the Red River Campaign, Union forces including Frederick C. Salomon, scored a tactical victory in the bloody Battle of Jenkin’s Ferry

1866: Birthdate of Leon Levi Bandes, the native of Vilna who as Louis Miller played a pioneering role inthe development of a Yiddish language press in the United States capped by the founding of The Forward

http://www.yiddishkayt.org/miller-bandes/

1869: Birthdate of Hungarian painter Philip de Laszlo.

1870: Leopold Karpeles who served as a Sergeant with Company E, Massachusetts Infantry was issued his Congressional Medal of Honor for bravery displayed during the Wilderness Campaign in 1864.

1870: The New York Times published a review of a unique book entitled "The Bible In India: Hindoo Origin of Hebrew and Christian Revelation" in which the author, Louis Jacolliot, attempts to prove that "the Hebrew and Christian revelations have a common origin in India among the Hindoo mythologies."

1871: The New York Times reported that a magistrate in London found a group of Jews guilty of gambling in a “public house” when they were caught playing chicken hazard and fined them accordingly.  In their defense the Jews had claimed that although they had been caught playing chicken hazard they had really had gathered together to observe Passover.  According to the Jewish defendants, the police must have missed seeing the blood on the doorposts or else they would have passed by and left them undisturbed.  Apparently the Judge and the rest of Christian London are not aware of the custom of playing chicken hazard as part of the Passover celebration.  [Editors note: If you have ever played chicken hazard or can shed some light on this please let me know.  Who knows, maybe a great miscarriage of justice needs to be undone.]

1872(22ndof Nisan, 5632): 8th Day of Pesach

1872: The New York Times reported that over 3,000 barrels of Matzoths...were consumed:” in New York “during the past week and 1,000 barrels were sent throughout the country some going to Canada and” to South America.

1877:  Birthdate of Alice B. Tolkas. Born into a middle class Jewish family in San Francisco, Tolkas was a writer whose claim to fame was her relationship with another Jewish literary light, Gertrude Stein.

1880: It was reported from Vienna that after a fried broke out in Grusbach, Moravia, “some malicious persons incited the mob to attack the Jews. At least one Jew has died of his wounds and another had a hand cut off.

1881: It was reported today that a mob led by a school teacher has been responsible for some of the violence aimed at the Jews living in Argenua, West Prussia.

1881: It was reported today that mobs of peasants have attacked the Jews of Elizabethgrad (Russia).  The mob, which destroyed the local synagogue, was driven by its superstitious beliefs about Jewish Passover practices.

1881(1st of Iyar, 5641): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1881: “Anti-Jewish Riots In Europe” published today describes attacks on Jews in Germany and Russia.  A wave of violence aimed at the Jews in Argenau, West Prussia included a mob led by a school teacher wrecking the home of the Jews.  In Russia, the violence has been fueled by Christian superstitions surrounding the observance of Passover and was highlighted by the destruction of synagogue in Elizabethgrad.

1882: It was reported today that Rabbi Hirsch of Sinai Congregation in Chicago had offered prayers on behalf of Kaiser Frederick William of Germany, “asking that his life…be spared.”  The only problem with this entry is that the Kaiser had died in March.

1882: President Jesse Seligman presided over today’s annual meeting of the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum. Currently the organization is providing service to 327 orphans, 245 of whom were born in New York City.

1882: Based on information supplied by the Times of London, it was reported today that when the American Legation at St. Petersburg intervenes on behalf of the Jews, it will be speaking for several European governments as well as the administration in Washington.

1882: It was reported today that according to The Free Press the Jews of Podolsk and Walkwoich have been subjected to renewed attacks.  Additionally, some of the most notorious leaders have been released from custody despite orders from St. Petersburg calling for their prompt punishment.

1883: It was reported today that the will of the late Dr. Edward Bouverie Pusey prohibited the publication of his English translations of the “Hebrew scriptures” since he no longer felt that the corrections may not have been valid.

1883: Mark Gradginsky and his wife Adelaide were among those being held at police headquarters on charges of receiving and selling stolen goods – specifically $23,000 of lace goods taken from Muser Brothers by one of their employees. The Gradginskys who are well-known members of the Jewish community, denied knowing that the goods were stolen.

1883: It was reported today that “The Jews in Philadelphia Prior to 1800” by H. Polock Rosenbach will be published by Edward Sterne & Co.  It is thought to be the first book published on the subject, but the publisher is planning on printing only 250 copies.

1885: The will of Isaac Vogel, a Jewish clothier, was filed in the Surrogate’s Court today.

1887: This afternoon in Chicago, Leopold Bloom socked William B. Andrews in the cheek causing the latter to fall to the sidewalk in front building housing the Board of Trade where the two were traders.  Bystanders were not sure what caused the altercation except they heard somebody use the word “liar” and somebody use the word “Jew” before the blow was struck.

1888: “A Prayer for the Emperor” published today described the prayers offered by Rabbis in the United States including Rabbi Hirsh of Sinai Congregation of Chicago for the well-being of Emperor Frederick William of German “because of the interest he has shown in the Jews.” (The only problem with this entry is that the Kaiser had died on March 9, 1888)

1889: Rabbi Gustave Gottheil of Temple Emanu-El and Rabbi Henry S. Jacobs were among the clergyman who helped plan today’s service that was part of the centennial commemoration of the inauguration of George Washington.

1889: In Giessen, Germany, shop owners “Ignatz Pfeffer and Jeannette Hirsch-Pfeffer” gave birth to WW I German Army veteran and dentist Fritz Feifer, who was in hiding with Anne Frank.

https://www.annefrank.org/en/anne-frank/

1889: Churches and synagogues in New York held services observing the centennial of George Washington’s first inaugural on April 30, 1789.

1890: It was reported today that a four member commission acting on behalf of the Imperial Council is “framing a bill to regulate the position of the Jews in Russia” which will be detrimental to their interest.

1890: The Board of Estimate and Apportionment authorized the School Board to lease the old Hebrew Orphan Asylum building on 77th Street.

1891: Pianist and composer Leopold Godowsky married Frieda Sax.

1891: The wife and daughter of Abraham L. Grabfelder, a director of the Sanitarium for Hebrew Children arrived in New York having cut short their trip to Europe when they told that Grabfelder had become seriously ill.

1891: Birthdate of NYC native and Cornell University trained physician Louis Hausman.

https://www.nytimes.com/1972/12/10/archives/dr-louis-hausman-taught-at-come-i-medical-college.html

1892(3rdof Iyar, 5652): Parashat Tazria-Metzora

1892(3rdof Iyar, 5652): Solomon Sebag, the son of Rabbi Isaac Sebag and the “mast of the Sha’are Tikwah School” who served “temporarily as reader in the Bevis Marks synagogue” and the author of “a Hebrew primer” which was a standard text for Anglo-Jewish children passed away today in London.

1892: The Young Men’s Hebrew Association hosted the first annual gymnastic program featuring members of the organization.

1892: Colonel Carl Weber testified before the joint committee of the Senate and House of Representatives on Immigration and Naturalization on the condition of those arriving at Ellis Island.  Included in this was a description of those who arrived aboard the SS Masillia and were later found to be contaminated with typhus. Contrary to earlier reports the immigrants were Turkish Jews and not Russian Jews.  He said that their religion had nothing to do with the illness which was cause by their extended sea voyage which took them to numerous ports before arriving in New York.

1893(14th of Iyar, 5653): Pesach Sheni

1894: Mrs. Jesse Seligman and Misses Alice and Madeline Seligman were aboard the train which arrived at Grand Central Station from California carrying the body of Jesse Seligman who had died suddenly on April 23 at San Diego, CA.

1894: The widow of Jesse Seligman and his two daughters were driven to their home at 2 East 46th Street while the body of the late banker was taken to the undertaker and then to Temple Emanu-El where “a plaster cast of the dead banker’s head was taken by a sculptor who will make a statue for the grounds of the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Society.

1895: Gustav Freytag, author of the immensely popular Soll und Haben (Debit and Credit) “a novel in which a Jewish merchant is presented as a villain and threat to Germany” while proclaiming the virtues of the German people, especially the middle class, passed away today. (Editor’s note – for those who wonder how Hitler could have happened, a look into the history of German anti-Semitism might provide some of the answers.)

1897: In New York City, Russian born actor Maurice Moscovitch and “his wife Ruth” gave birth Noel Nathaniel Moscovitch who gained fame as actor Noel Madison “the husband of the former Joyce with whom he had one son – Toby.”

https://www.nytimes.com/1975/01/07/archives/noel-madison.html

1898: It was reported today that “ Tract Pesachim (Passover) the fifth volume of Dr. M.L. Rodkinson’s new English edition of the Babylonian Talmud has just been published…This tract has, so far as is known, never been translated into any modern language, although it is one of the volumes most frequently perused by students of the Talmud.  There are still fifteen more volumes of the Talmu to follow; the next of which is promised with the next three months.

1898: Following the outbreak of the Spanish-American War, Dr. A.P. Madison said that the Russian Jews of Chicago who number about 25,000 people “will organize a regiment of infantry and offer their services to the President to fight Spain and to free Cuba.”

1898: As patriotic fervor sweeps the United States, in New York “special services were held today at Temple Rodolph Sholom at which national hymns were sung and prayers were offered for the President and the army and navy.

1898: The attorney representing Horace J. Young, who is accused of deserting his wife Clara, the daughter of Jewish businessman Julius Praeger will be allowed to examine the witnesses who claim that the couple was never legally married but that Young left her when he found out she was pregnant.

1899: In London, the Times published a letter from Joseph H. Hertz, the Chief Rabbi expressing his opposition the Slaughtering of Animals Bill presented to the House by Sir A. Shirley-Benn, MP which would effectively band Shechita which “would therefore inflict cruel hardship on hundreds of thousands of law-abiding citizens and would in effect constitute a grievous religious persecution.”

1899: Birthdate of actress Lucie Mannheim, the native of Berlin who returned to her native land in 1948 after having been forced to leave during the Nazi era.

https://the.hitchcock.zone/wiki/The_Times_(19/Jul/1976)_-_Obituary:_Lucie_Mannheim

1899: Today, President Emanuel Lehman presided over the Seventy-Sixth Annual Meeting of the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum of the City of New York.

1899: A committee made up of a cross-section of representatives of Jewish charitable organizations in New York City met today to make arrangement for memorial services to be held in honor of the late Baroness Hirsch.

1899:  At Nicoleaieff, Russia a town of 100,000 that includes 30,000 Jews, approximately 5,000 rioters “wrecked hundreds of Jewish houses and shops, desecrated Jewish graves and killed and injured a large number” of Jews in connection the Easter Festivities of the Greek Church which came to an end today on Greek Orthodox Easter.

1900: Herzl has a “coincidental meeting” with Bernard Lazare in Paris. Lazare intends to go to Constantinople. Herzl asked him if he would try to win Ambassador Constans over to the Zionist cause

1901: In Manhattan, twenty-three year old Mortimer L. Schiff married Adele Schiff.

1901: By the end of April, Herzl had read Moses Hess’ Rome and Jerusalem.

1902: Herzl completes his Palestine Novel Altneuland (Old New Land) which portrays his vision for life in the new Jewish Homeland.

1903: “The Directors of the Hebrew Loan Association reported that during January, February and March to association had loans of $77,915 to 3,238 borrowers and that the returns from its named creditors amounted to $74,758.”

1903: The will of silk merchant Adolphe Openhyn “was filed” today “with the Surrogate for probate by Morris J. Hirsch” which included “three bequests of $5,000 each to the Mount Sinai Hospital, the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum Society and the Montefiore Home for Chronic Invalids.”

1904(15thof Iyar, 5664): Parahsat Emor

1904: At Bender, Bessarabia, on Shabbat, "while the greater part of the Jewish community was assembled in the synagogue a mob of ruffians attacked the Jewish quarter killing three men and two women and wounding several other persons. A number of Jewish shops were plundered and the windows of Jewish houses were broken.  The mob which was incited to violence by the cry that the Jews and England and America brought on the the Russo-Japanese war in revenge for the Kishinev massacre, was too numerous to be dispersed by the police force and it was not until a company of Cossacks had been called out and ordered to used fire arms that the riot was quelled.

1904: By the end of April Herzl made preparations to proceed to Paris and London in early May in order to arrange the financing of the Uganda expedition. He made contact with the New York financier, Jacob Schiff. Schiff declared himself ready to negotiate a loan for Russia if it proved ready to do something for the Jews.

1904: Herzl had an interview with Austrian Foreign Minister Agenor Goluchowsky, who gave evidence of an earnest interest in Zionism and advised Herzl to work in England for a Parliamentary expression of opinion in favor of Palestine. Immediately after this audience, a consultation of his doctors establishes an alarming change in the condition of his heart muscles. Herzl is ordered to Franzensbad for six weeks.

1904: The St. Louis World’s Fair where nine of the works of Moshe Maimon “were shown at the Russian exhibition” opened today.

1904: Birthdate of Newark, NJ violinist and composer Max Pollikoff, the creator of the 92nd St Y’s “Music in Our Time” series.

http://archives.nypl.org/mus/20059

https://www.nytimes.com/1984/05/14/obituaries/max-pollikoff-violinist-dies-created-music-of-our-time.html



1905: Over the last 12 months, the Young Men’s Hebrew Association provided services to 166,289 through its various programs including lectures, religious services, and physical education activities. The association had an income of $39,423.21and spent $38,673.32 under the Presidency of Percival S. Menken.

1906: As of today, “subscription to the Building Fund for the Sanitarium for Hebrew Children now amount to $30,795” but according to Dr. Samuel Kohn, another $5,000 needs to be raised “to complete the building.”

1907: Fifty-six year old historian and philosopher Julius Langbehn who attackedJews “as corrupters of German culture” and advocated beliefs later adopted by Adolf Hitler which have led him to be labeled as a “proto-Nazi.”

1908: H.H. Asquith, the British MP who got caught up in a love triangle with Edwin Montague and Venetia Stanley, became leader of the Liberal Party.

1908: The first issue of Der Spiegel “a culture magazine” founded Lion Feuchtwanger, the future husband of Marta Loeffler, “appeared today.”

1909: “The newly organized Young Men's Hebrew Association of the Bronx concluded negotiations for a lease of the former Union Republican Club property, at the southeast corner of Boston Road and 165th Street.”

1910: Birthdate of actor Al Lewis who played Grandpa on “The Munsters.”

1910:Dr. Emil Schürer, the German professor of theology who wrote A History of the Jewish People in the Time of Jesus Christ passed away today.

1911: Approximately 300 people attended the annual meeting of the society supporting the Hebrew Asylum on Amsterdam Avenue where they re-elected Louis Stern to serve as President.

1912: Dr. Falk Vidaver who had succeeded his brother Dr. Henry Vidaver as Rabbi of Congregation Sherith Israel when the latter passed away, resigned today and was replaced by Dr. Jacob Nieto.

1912: Carl Laemmle of IMP (Independent Moving Pictures Company) joined with several others to form the Universal Motion Picture Manufacturing Company whose Ft. Lee, NJ studios produced many of the early films that helped build the American cinema industry.

1913: Charles Edward Sebag-Montefiore married Muriel Alice Ruth de Pass, daughter of Charles de Pass and Mabel Kate Benjamin, today at Spanish and Portuguese Synagogue, Lauderdale Road, London, England.

1913: Rabbi Tobias Schanfarber of the Chicago Hebrew Insitute is scheduled to “deliver the Twentieth Anniversary address for the Home for Aged Jews.”

1914: Otto Henne am Rhyn, the author of Mysteria, a work on the doctrines and mystic rites of ancient religions in which Part Four “Son of Man, Son God” deals with Judaism and the impact of Hellenism, passed away today.

1915: “In the Tuscan port city of Livorno” Alfred Sabato, the chief rabbi and his was gave birth to Elio Toaff who served as a rabbi Venice from 1947 to 1951 when he became Chief Rabbi of Rome. (As reported by Bruce Weber)

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/21/world/europe/elio-toaff-spiritual-leader-of-italian-jews-dies-at-99.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=1

1915: Turkish authorities prevented the Jews of Smyrna from leaving the country.

1916: At a meeting tonight of the Public Interest League Professor William M. Sloane of Columbia said, “As much as I love and respect the Jews, I am forced to admit that they constitute the largest” of Socialists and that since “the Jew has no country…he has been accustomed to cry out against Governments because he has been treated with injustice.”

1916: In Philadelphia, PA, the People’s Relief Committee held a concert which raised money for the Fund for Jewish War Sufferers and “served as a memorial for poet for Jewish poet I.L. Peretz.”

1916: Among those listed today as contributors to The American Jewish Relief Committee were the Jewish Conference of Minneapolis ($350) and the Mendelsohn Benevolent Society ($50).

1916: Dr. Stephen S Wise delivered an address on “The Liberation of Reform Judaism” and Nathan Straus spoke on “The Jew in Philanthropy” at the opening session of the Ninth Semi-Annual Assembly of the Eastern Council of Reform Rabbis being held at Temple Emanu-El.

1917(8th of Iyar, 5677): Second Lieutenant Nathan Andre died today at Dieppe.

1917: It was reported today Felix Fuld, a vice president of “the department store of L. Bamberger” which he co-founded has pledged to give ten per cent of whatever is raised in Newark, NJ Jewish Community by the American Jewish Relief Committee

1917: In the Bronx, near Crotona Park, the former Sara Levin and Morris Wain, “a men’s custom tailor” gave birth to Beatrice Ruth Wain who gained fame as big band singer Bea Wain who later joined her husband Andre Baruch to become a “disc jockey team in New York.” (As reported by Sam Roberts)

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/24/arts/music/bea-wain-star-singer-of-the-big-band-era-dies-at-100.html

1917: As the American Jewish community begins to take play its role in support the country’s war effort and Allied leaders seek to support what will be the mutually exclusive goals of keeping Russia in the war and protecting that country’s fragile democracy, “a committee consisting of Chairman Boris Kamenka, Baron Alexander Gunzburg and Henry Sliesberg representing the Jewish of Russia sent a telegram to Jacob H. Schiff, Justice Louis D. Brandies, Professor Richard James Horatio Gottheil, Oscar S. Straus, Rabbi Stephen S. Wise, Louis Marshall and Henry Morgenthau saying “that the Jews of Russia are confidently supporting the Russian Government.”

1918(18th of Iyar, 5678): Lag B'Omer

1918: “Rabbi J.L. Magnes…announced” today “the formation of a committee to advise the Federal Food Board on the dietary problems of Orthodox Jews, as they may be affected by the regulation of the of the Food Administration.”

1919(30thof Nisan, 5679): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1920: In Vienna, Ilona Neumann and Robert Kronstein gave birth to Gerda Hedwig Kronstein who gained fame as Gerda Lerna, the historian who “spearheaded the creation of the first graduate program in women’s history in the United States…” (As reported by William Grimes)

1921(22ndof Nisan, 5681): Eighth Day of Pesach for the first time during the Presidency of Warren Harding

1923(14th of Iyar, 5683): Pesach Sheni

1923: Birthdate of Brooklyn native Albert Meister, who gained fame as actor Al Lewis, best known for his role as “Grandpa” in the television sitcom “The Munsters.”

https://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/05/nyregion/al-lewis-95-dies-portrayed-grandpa-on-the-munsters.html

https://www.biography.com/people/al-lewis-162967

1924(26th of Nisan): Rabbi Joseph Lowenstein, author of “Dor, Dor ve-Dorshav” passed away

1924: In Brooklyn, “Oscar Lifschutz, who ran a grocery in the Williamsburg neighborhood, and the former Miriam Schor” gave birth to Joseph Emanuel Lifschutz, the psychiatrist who went to jail to protect patient confidentiality. (As reported by Sam Roberts)

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/28/science/joseph-lifschutz-dead-confidentiality-psychiatry.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

1924: Birthdate of Sheldon Harnick “an American lyricist best known for his collaborations with composer Jerry Bock on hit musicals such as Fiddler on the Roof. Harnick began his career writing words and music to comic songs in musical revues. One of these, "The Merry Minuet", was popularized by the Kingston Trio. It is in the caustic style usually associated with Tom Lehrer and is sometimes incorrectly attributed to him.”

1924: On the Lower East Side, Max Printz and Tillie Leiter gave birth to Ruth Leah Printz who gained fame as Ruth Greenglass the wife of David Greenglass, her fellow “atomic spy.”

1925(6th of Iyar, 5685): Kurenitz native Morris L. Kramer, the husband of the former Rachel Elka Stikan Rivkin and father of Beckie and Hyman Kramer passed away today in Brooklyn

1925: The Revisionist party (Brith HaTzionim HaRevisionistim) was founded by Zev (Vladimir) Jabotinsky.in Paris, France. Jabotinsky was an ardent Zionist.  He had already made Aliyah. In 1921 he took up arms to help defend the Jewish community from attacks by armed, Arab mobs.  The British arrested Jabotinsky and imprisoned him.  This experience was one of the factors that led him to demand a more aggressive policy toward the British believing that only worldwide pressure would force the British to abide by the mandate. The revisionist believed that the highest priority of the Zionist movement should be in bringing greatest number of Jews to Eretz –Israel in the shortest possible time.  Jabotinsky would die of a heart attack in 1940.  Menachem Begin would inherit his political and spiritual mantle.  As head of the Irgun, Begin waged war against the British after 1945 when it became obvious that the British were going to continue their pro-Arab, anti-Jewish policies.

1926: Birthdate of Cloris Leachman.  Born in Des Moines, Iowa, Leachman has enjoyed a long and distinguished film and television career.  Two of her most famous films were "The Last Picture Show" and "Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid." 

1928: In Camden, NJ, after two years, Harry Greenberg resigned this evening as the Executive Director of the YMHA and YWHA.

1929: In Tel Aviv, the fourth Palestine and Near East Exhibition comes to a close.

1929: Nathan Straus presided over the opening of the Nathan and Lena Straus Health Care Center in Tel Aviv.   Straus presented this modern health facility to Hadassah which will administer for the benefit of all the inhabitants – Jew, Christian and Moslem – with the only goal being to improve the quality and length of life of all citizenry.

1929:“The Little Show,” a musical revue with lyrics by Howard Dietz and music by Arthur Schwartz which” was the first of 11 musicals that featured the songs of Dietz and Schwartz” opened at the Music Box Theatre on Broadway today.

1930: “The Divorcee,” starring Norma Shearer, the wife of Irving Thalberg, in a role for which won an Academy Award for Best Actress and with music by Jack Yellen and Milton Ager was released today in the United States.

1931: Today, “General Ludendorff, who attributed his defeat in the war to the intervention of Jewry” and who wants “to have a Germany racially purely Germanic, free from Jewish-Marxist-Catholic domination” has now declared war on his old colleague” Adolph Hitler with whom he stood trial for the 1923 Munich Putsch at which time he declared “himself a violent anti-Semite.”

1932(24thof Nisan, 5692): Parashat Achrei Mot

1932(24thof Nisan, 5692): Seventy-three year old Philadelphia born New York businessman Cyrus L. Sulzberger passed away today.

https://www.jta.org/1932/05/02/archive/death-of-cyrus-sulzberger

1932: In Vienna, thousands of police were on duty to keep watch over a march by 70,000 followers of Hitler who were celebrating his recent victories in German elections. (JTA)

1933: Gian Clemente Bayard, the son Iris Origo who stayed in Italy during WW II where she saved the lives of children and Allied airmen, passed away tragically today at the age of 8.

1934: In Milwaukee, WI, Jewish-Russian immigrants Ben and Anna Goodman Raskin, the owners of a plumbing store gave birth to old musical prodigy turned law school graduate Marcus Raskin, anti-Vietnam Kennedyite who founded the Institute for Policy Studies. (As reported by Richard Sandomir)

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/28/obituaries/marcus-raskin-progressive-think-tanks-co-founder-dies-at-83.html

1935: Jews were no longer allowed to display the German flag. This was quite disturbing to the thousands of Jews who had fought for the Kaiser in World War I

1935: “The Scoundrel” co-directed by Ben Hecht who also co-authored the script and co-starring Lionel Stander was released today in the United States.

1936: The Flying Camel spreads its wings on the shores of the Mediterranean as the emblem of the Levant Fair opening today in Tel Aviv.

1936: “The University of Michigan confirmed a previous announcement that two university delegates would attend the celebration of the 550thanniversary of Heidelberg University in June…despite the fact that the Nazi political machine would assume an important role in the celebration.”

1936: “Pre-Honeymoon” which was co-authored by Anne Nichols, the creator of the 1922 hit “Abie’s Irish Rose” opened tonight on Broadway.

1936: Despite Arab violence in Palestine, the High Commissioner opened the Levant Fair at Tel Aviv today where “more than 5,000” people heard “Mayor Dizengoff stress the importance of this biennial exhibition in the development of trade in the Near and Middle East with Western manufacturers.”

1936: At Beersheba, the Bedouin chieftains “met the chief secretary of the government and submitted a memorandum demanding a ban on Jewish immigration and the sale of land to Jews.”

1936(7th of Iyar, 5696): August Lederer, an Austrian industrialist and patron of the arts who was best known for his connection with Gustav Klimt passed away.

1937: “That I May Live” produced by Sol M. Wurtzel was released today in the United States today.

1938: “Porky’s Hare Hunt” a cartoon produced by Leon Schlesinger and featuring an unnamed rabbit that would become Bugs Bunny with the voice of Mel Blanc was released in the United States today.

1939: In Germany, the remaining Jews “lost their rights as tenants and were relocated into Jewish Houses.”

1939: In the Bronx, Julian Kleban and his wife gave birth to Edward “Ed” Kleban the composer and lyricist best known for his on “A Chorus” for which he shared the 1976 Tony Award for the Best Original Score with Marvin Hamlisch.

http://www.nytimes.com/1987/12/30/obituaries/edward-kleban-48-chorus-line-lyricist.html

1940(22ndof Nisan, 5700): Eighth Day of Pesach

1940: The Lodz Ghetto was officially sealed. The Jews were resettled in the Lodz Ghetto in an action replete with brutality, looting, abuse, and murder. As they were led to the ghetto, snipers on rooftops opened fire on them to frighten them and expedite their departure. They fled to the ghetto in panic. When The Lodz Ghetto approximately 164,000 Jews from Lodz were packed into its four square kilometers, of which only two and a half square kilometers were built. The congestion in the area that comprised the ghetto was seven times greater than it had been before the war. The ghetto area was carved into three sectors by two main streets that linked neighborhoods outside the ghetto. Wretched conditions including congestion, hunger, cold, and poor sanitation led immediately to mass mortality.

1941:  Having installed the Ustasha movement as the government of occupied Croatia, the Nazis watched as on this date their willing puppet enacted a new definition of the term "Jew."  This enabled the Croat government to enact the Nazi inspired plan for the treatment of the Jews.  At the same, this definition caused some dissension in the ranks of the anti-Semites since it created a loophole designed to protect the Jewish wives of some of the non-Jewish Ustasha leaders.

1942: Today the Germans ordered the Jews of Pinsk to move into the ghetto by 4:00 p.m. on May 1. More than 20,000 persons were packed into the ghetto, a cramped area in a slum quarter

1942(13th of Iyar, 5702):  Twelve hundred Jews were killed in Diatlovo, Belorussia. The Jews offered armed resistance, but it was futile.

1943: During a trip to Palestine, Archbishop Spellman visits Haifa and Tel Aviv where he has lunch with Brig. Gen. R.W. Crawford, head of the United States Service Command.

1943: By the end of the month of April Jewish resistance in the Warsaw Ghetto began to falter as bunkers were broached by German troops. Artillery bombardment of the ghetto had foiled Jewish strategy of engaging Germans in costly hand-to-hand combat.

1943: The German government established Bergen-Belsen Concentration Camp for Jews. The camp was located in northwest Germany.  Approximately 40,000 perished there from a variety of forms of inhumane treatment.  Anne Frank died there in March, 1945, a month before the camp was liberated by the allies.

1943: At Dj. Arada, Tunisia, Lance-Corporal John Patrick Kenneally accompanied by a sergeant, charged the enemy forming up for assault, inflicting many casualties. Even when wounded he refused to give up, but hopped from one fire position to another, carrying his gun in one hand and supporting himself on a comrade with the other. He was awarded the VC for bravery for this action. This was a repeat performance for Kenneally who showed similar bravery on April 28.

1943: Birthdate of Ze'ev Boim, a native of Jerusalem who moved from teaching to a career in politics that including servings as the Mayor of Kiryat Gat for 13 years and a member of the Knesset. (As reported by Jonathan Lis)

1943(25th of Nisan, 5703): According to reports, 2,000 Jews being deported to Sobibor attacked their guards.  All of the deportees fell victim to hand grenades and machine gun fire.

1943: “Tonight We Raid Calais” a WW II movie featuring Lee J. Cobb and Howard Da Silva and with music by Emil Newman was released in the United States today.

1943: "Hopeful Hint Ends Bermuda Sessions" published today stated that recommendations which were not capable of being accomplished under war conditions and which would most likely delay the war effort of the United Nations were rejected. [Editor’s Note: The title is a strange one since the conference offered no hope whatsoever to the Jews of Europe.]

1943: “Air Wardens,” a comedy with music by Nathaniel Shilkret was released today in the United States today.

1944: SOE agent Violette Szabo, codenamed Louise, returned to England from France aboard a Lysander, after completing her first mission.

1944: Two thousand Jews were deported from Topolya, Hungry to Birkenaus.  This is the second deportation from Hungry to Birkenau.  Once again the Nazis have the Jews write postcards to their family back home telling them not to worry.

1944: Sixty-five year old Esther Raphiel passed away today after which she was buried at the Natchitoches, LA, Jewish Cemetery.

1944: Birthdate of Lydia Shtimerman, the Russian born English violinist who gained fame as Lydia Mordkovitch

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/11290327/Lydia-Mordkovitch-obituary.html

1944: In New York, Albert Henry “Bill” Clayburgh, a Jewish manufacturing executive and his Protestant wife, the former Julia Louis Dorr gave birth to Academy ward nominated actress Jill Clayburgh.

1945: In Berlin, Hitler murdered Eva Braun and then committed suicide in his bunker. The bodies are then carried outside and cremated.  Years later, the Soviet government released a report stating that their troops had recovered the charred remains and brought them back for verification.  What finally happened to the bodies is still in dispute although they no longer exist.

1945: Günther Schwägermann, a Goebbels aide, told the staff, including Brunhilde Pomsel, Goebbels’s Secretary, that Hitler and Eva Braun, after a marriage ceremony, had committed suicide.
1945: The Red Army liberated 23,000 Jews and non-Jews from Ravensbruck. One of the oldest of the camps, it was opened in 1939 just north of Berlin.  It was primarily a camp for women.  In the last two years of its existence 90,000 were killed there.  The camp was noted for its medical experiments in which the inmates were used for experimental purposes.  As the retreating Nazis were forced to shut down the gas chambers in Poland, they built one at Ravenbruck that opened in early 1945.  This puts the lie to the idea that the Final Solution was not an integral part of the Nazi program from start to finish.


1945: Concentration camp München-Allag was liberated.

1945: Today “fashion model turned war correspondent Lee Miller”

 was photographed using the bath tub in Hitler’s abandoned Munich apartment.

https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2292365/Dark-secret-woman-Hitlers-bathtub-How-war-photographer-Lee-Miller-raped-child-forced-pose-naked.html

1945: Soldiers of the 63rd Division (U.S. Army) which was recognized as a liberating unit by the U.S. Army’s Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 2000 completed the liberation of seven the eleven Kaufering subcamps.

1946(29th of Nisan, 5706):Seven Jews were murdered by anti-Semitic Poles at Nowy Targ, Poland, very near to where five Jews were killed on April 21

1947: “Itzhak Zuckerman, deputy commander of Warsaw’s ghetto arrived in Palestine” today to settle permanently at the village of Yagour “where his wife Zivia Lubotkin, another leader of the Polish ghetto rising is a member.”

1948(21stof Nisan, 5708): Seventh Day of Pesach

1948: “The battle for Jerusalem began today as the Haganah swooped into the Christian Arab Katamon quarter and infiltrated deep into the Moslem Mamilla cemetery, and Jewish postal employes seized the general post office.”

1948: It was reported today that “Regen Abdul Illah of Iraq has said that Iraqi troops “had started to move from Baghdad toward Palestine.”

1949(1st of Iyar, 5709): Parashat Tazria-Metzora; Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1949: “Eliahu Elath, the Israeli Ambassador to the United States” is scheduled to “be the principal speaker tonight at the New School for Social Research at the opening of the first American conference for Hebrew language and culture.”

1949: “Dr. Chaim Weizmann, Israel's first president, in a message that opened the first American Conference for Hebrew Language and Culture, asserted tonight that the "day is not far when the spiritual life of American Jewry will be strongly inter-related with the cultural values of Israel."

1950: A compromise was reached today among competing factions of the trade union movement in Israel that will allow tomorrow’s May Day celebrations to go on as planned.  Histadrut had threatened to cancel the festivities unless the “pro-Soviet minority” agreed to march without banners carrying proclamations that would be offensive to “the western democracies.” 

1952(5th of Iyar, 5712): Yom HaAtzma'ut

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that in its First of May Day proclamation, the Histadrut Executive will announce that all Palestine Arab workers wishing to do so, will henceforth be admitted to the Histadrut's Trade Unions, as of May 1, 1953.

1953: The Jerusalem Post reported that a gang of Bedouin terrorists mined a bridge on the Nitzana-Beersheba road and opened fire when an army truck was passing by. Nobody was hurt, but the bridge was damaged.

1955(8th of Iyar, 5715): Parashat Achrei Mot-Kedoshim

1955(8th of Iyar, 5715): Eighty-seven year old Naphtali Taylor Phillips, the son of Isaac Phillips and his second wife Miriam Trimble Phillips who “was considered the Phillips family’s unofficial historian and published many articles about the history of the Jews of New York during the 17th and 18th centuries” passed away today. “As a lawyer he held various political offices, e.g.: he was member of the New York state legislature, served on the judiciary and other committees and as a member of the Joint Statutory Revision Commission of that body (1900); and deputy comptroller of the city of New York (from 1902). He also was a trustee of the American Scenic and Historic Preservation Society, and a member of the Sons of the American Revolution and of the New York Historical Society. He served as treasurer of the Jewish Historical Society and has contributed several papers to its publications. For fifteen years he was clerk of Congregation Shearith Israel. In 1892 Phillips married Rosalie Solomons, daughter of Adolphus S. Solomons. Mrs. Phillips was an active member of the Daughters of the American Revolution

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1955/05/01/92632113.pdf

a lawyer he held various political offices, e.g.: he was member of the New York state legislature, served on the judiciary and other committees and as a member of the Joint Statutory Revision Commission of that body (1900); and deputy comptroller of the city of New York (from 1902). He also was a trustee of the American Scenic and Historic Preservation Society, and a member of the Sons of the American Revolution and of the New York Historical Society. He served as treasurer of the Jewish Historical Society and has contributed several papers to its publications. For fifteen years he was clerk of Congregation Shearith Israel. In 1892 Phillips married Rosalie Solomons, daughter of Adolphus S. Solomons. Mrs. Phillips was an active member of the Daughters of the American Revolution

1955: Birthdate of Menachem Mazuz who served as Israeli Attorney General from 2004 to 2010.

1956: “The Last Hunt” the movie version of a novel by the same name directed and written by Richard Brooks and produced by Dore Schary was released today in the United States.

1956: Israeli Chief of State Moshe Dayan delivered the eulogy at Nahal Oz for Roi Toberg, the kibbutz security officer who had been murdered in an ambush yesterday after which his body was mutilated by the terrorists.

1959: “Imitation of Life” the cinema version of the novel by Fannie Hurst produced by Ross Hunter, co-starring Susan Kohner and with music by Sammy Fain was released in the United States today.

1960(3rd of Iyar, 5720): Parashat Tazria-Metzora

1960(3rd of Iyar, 5720): Eighty-five year old Italian born Giorgio Polacco, the conductor at the Met from 1915 to 1917, the Chicago Civic Opera from 1921 to 1930 and the husband of Edith Mason passed away today in Manhattan.

https://www.operamusica.com/artist/giorgio-polacco/#biography

1961(14th of Iyar, 5721): Pesach Sheni

1961(14th of Iyar, 5721): Seventy-three year old Israeli political leader Peretz Naftali passed away today.

1962(26th of Nisan, 5722): Seventy-seven year old physician turned political leader Lester David Volk, the WW I Army veteran who raised his son Alan with his wife Florence S. Volk passed away today after which he was buried at Bayside Cemetery in Queens.

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/lester-david-volk

1963: Founding of Haifa University

1965(28th of Nisan, 5725): Seventy-three year old Columbia Law School trained attorney and Manhattan Borough President Edgar Joshua Nathan, Jr, a cousin of Supreme Court Justice Benjamin Cardoza and poet Emma Lazarus who was a descendant of the first Jews to arrive in America passed away today after which “he was buried in Congregation Shearith Israel's Beth Olam Cemetery in Ridgewood, Queens.”

http://dlib.nyu.edu/findingaids/html/nyhs/ms438_edgar_nathan/

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1941/11/05/99258689.pdf

1968(2nd of Iyar, 5728): Seventy-six year old Dubno native and Massachusetts bookstore owner Samuel Joseph Bernstein, the son of Yehuda and Dina Bernstein and the father of famed musical showman Leonard Bernstein passed away today.

1969: In Chicago Adele and Marshal Levine gave birth to Haveford trained physicist and Harvard trained expert in Public Policy Mark D. Levine, the bi-lineal member of the New York City Council and husband of Ivelisse Suarez with whom he has had two children.

https://council.nyc.gov/district-7/

1970(24th of Nisan, 5730):Jacques (Jacob) Presser passed away. Born in 1899, he was a Dutch historian, writer and poet best known for his book Ashes in the wind: The destruction of the Dutch Jews a seminal work on the history of the persecution of the Jews in the Netherlands during World War II. Yet he also made a significant contribution to Dutch historical scholarship, as well as to European historical scholarship.

1971:Belorussian Station” a Soviet film with music by Alfred Schnittke” was released today.

1971: On day after he had passed away, funeral services were scheduled to be held for eighty-five year old Polish born American textile manufacturer and philanthropist Israel Rogosin, the husband of Evelyn Rogosin and father of movie producer Lionel Rogosin.

https://www.nytimes.com/1971/04/29/archives/israel-rogosin-is-dead-ag-85-texgile-man-and-philanthropist.html

1978: The Jerusalem Post reported that despite Israeli protests and the U.S. Congress pressure, the U.S. President Jimmy Carter reiterated that the joint sale of U.S. jets to Israel, Egypt and Saudi Arabia was in Israel's best interests. He refused, however, to say what his Administration will do if the Congress will veto any part of this three-country package.

1978: The Jerusalem Post reported that Israeli Prime Minister, Menachem Begin, left for Washington on his second successive visit to U.S. and President Carter, in an apparent attempt to resolve the problem of the stalled Israeli-Egyptian peace negotiations.

1978: The Jerusalem Post reported that there were mixed feelings in Israel about the prospects of the third pullback in South Lebanon, moving to the line west, from about six to ten kilometers, from the Israeli border. There was a growing uncertainty whether the UNIFIL, which was filling the gap, would protect Israel from further terrorist activities.

1979: Paul Massing, author of Rehearsal for Destruction: A Study Of Political Anti-Semitism in Imperial Germany passed away today

1980(14th of Iyar, 5740): Pesach Sheni

1980(14th of Iyar, 5740): Seventy-five year old editor and drama critic Louis Kronenberger, the husband of Emily L. Plaut passed away today.

http://findingaids.princeton.edu/collections/C1406?view=onepage

1981(26th of Nisan, 5741): Yom HaShoah

1981(26th of Nisan, 5741) Eighty-year old Jeanne Levy, the daughter of Alfred Dreyfus, the most famous Jewish officer to serve in the French Army and Lucie Hadamard and the wife of Pierre-Paul Louis Lévy with whom she had had five children – Madeleine, Simone, Jean-Louis, Etiene and Pierre-Paul – passed away today in Paris today.

1982:An Israeli Cabinet official who received a suspended prison sentence last week for larceny and breach of trust resigned from the Cabinet today. The official, Aharon Abuhazira, Minister of Labor, Welfare and Immigrants Absorption, submitted his letter of resignation to the Prime Minister's office after the Central Committee of his party, Tami, authorized it

1982: “The Chosen” a movie version of the Chaim Potok novel directed by Jeremy Kagan starring Robby Benson and featuring Barry L. Miller, Ron Rifkin, Evan Handler with music by Elmer Bernstein was released today.

1983: “King Hussein of Jordan said today that the United States was partly responsible for the collapse of his talks with the Palestine Liberation Organization on President Reagan's peace plan.”

1984(28thof Nisan, 5744): Yom HaShoah

1984: During a high profile divorce case involving billionaire realtor Sol Goldman and his wife Lillian, Mrs. Goldman discovered a letter that appeared to confirm that his proposal of a reconciliation was merely a way to protect his assets leading her to resume litigation to dissolve the marriage.

1985(9th of Iyar, 5745): Seventy-five year old Mickey Katz passed away today.  Born in 1909, Katz was comedian and musician who specialized in Yiddish humor. In his day he was known as what they called "a novelty band leader" i.e. a Jewish Spike Jones.  Katz is also known for being the father of Joel Grey and the grandfather of Jennifer Gray.

1985(9thof Iyar, 5745): Eighty-four year old director Hungarian born American director and producer Julius White “who was best known for his films of The Three Stooges” passed away today in California.

1985(9thof Iyar, 5745): Seventy-five year old Meyer Myron Katz, the Cleveland, OH, born son of  “Menachem and Johanna (Herzberg) Katz and the husband of Goldie “Grace Epstein, who gained fame as “novelty band leader” Mickey Katz, a comedian and musician specializing in Yiddish humor also known for being the father of Joel Grey and the grandfather of Jennifer Grey, famous for her role in “Dirty Dancing” passed away today.

https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-05-01-mn-11563-story.html

https://case.edu/ech/articles/k/katz-meyer-myron

1985: Birthdate of Israeli actress and model Gal Gadot who represented Israel in the 2004 Miss Universe Pageant.

1985: In Petah Tikva, Israel, “Irit (née Weiss), a teacher, and Michael Gadot, an engineer” who is “a sixth generation Israeli” gave birth to actress Gal Gadot, the IDF veteran best known for her portrayal of “Wonder Woman.”

1985: One person was injured today during a grenade attack on a bus in Israel.

1985: One person was injured today during a “grenade attack on Israeli intelligence center in Bat Pam, south of Tel Aviv.”

1985: A London production of “Follies,” a musical with music and lyrics by Stephen Sondheim and a book by James Goldman opened at the Forum theatre

1986: The city of Houston declared today Albert Moses Levy Memorial Day, in honor of Jews who participated in the fight for Texas

1986: In Savannah, Georgia, Mary and Ronald S. Agron gave birth to actress Dianna Elise Agron who went to Hebrew School and celebrated her Bat Mitzvah before pursuing her show biz career.

1987: Thomas Friedman reports that an Islamic revival is quickly gaining ground in the most unlikely of places – Israel. “From Israeli Arab villages in the northern Galilee, to the turbulent Palestinian universities in the Israeli-occupied West Bank, to the teeming refugee districts of the Israeli-occupied Gaza Strip, an Islamic revival is taking place among Moslems living under Israeli control. The revival was inspired in part by the Iranian revolution led by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. But it is also a home-grown movement of Palestinian Moslems seeking strength to confront Israel by returning to their classic Islamic identities that once brought them grandeur… What this means for the already intractable Arab-Israeli conflict, said Eli Rekhess, a Tel Aviv University expert on Israeli Arabs, is that future 'coexistence will be that much more difficult and the lines of differences between the two communities that much sharper.’''

1989: Several thousand people, many of them Holocaust survivors and their families, gathered in midtown Manhattan to honor the victims of the Holocaust and to commemorate the anniversary of the Warsaw ghetto uprising in which Polish Jews fought the Nazis in 1943.

1990(5thof Iyar, 5750): Yom HaAtzma’ut

1992: NBC broadcast the final episode of season 8 of the “Cosby Show” a sitcom co-created by Ed Weinberger.

1992(27thof Nisan, 5752): Yom HaShoah

1992(27thof Nisan, 5752): Sixty-seven year old American economist Harvey Joshua Levin passed away today.

http://www.hofstra.edu/Library/libspc/libspc_levin.html

1993: U.S. premiere of “Three Hearts” with a script by Adam Greenman.

1993(9thof Iyar, 5753): Eighty-five year old Frija Zoaretz, the native of Libya who made Aliyah in 1949 and served as MK for the National Religious Party passed away today.

1995: Following the merger of Abraham & Straus with the Macys, Bloomingdales and Sterns chains earlier in the year, “the name of Abraham & Straus passed into mercantile history” today marking “the end of a journey” that began in 1865>

1996(11th of Iyar, 5756): David Opatoshu passed away. Born in 1918, David Opatoshu began his stage career in New York's Yiddish theatre in the late 1930s. Though he worked extensively in English-language plays, films and TV programs, the scholarly looking Opatoshu never completely severed his ties with his roots. His first film was the all-Yiddish "The Light Ahead” (1939) from 1941 through 1945, he delivered the news in Yiddish on New York radio station WEVD; in the 1970s, he was directing and starring in ethnic stage productions; and in 1985, he narrated a documentary film on the Yiddish theatre in America, "Almonds and Raisins".  Opatoshu appeared in numerous films and television productions frequently playing the part of the Communist or some other vaguely eastern European intellectual villain.  Two of his more memorable performances were in the film Exodus in 1960 and Masada in 1981. 

1996(11th of Iyar, 5756):  President Clinton and Israeli Prime Minister Shimon Peres signed an accord in Washington extending U.S. help to Israel in countering terrorism

1998(4th of Iyar, 5758): Yom HaAtzma'ut – Fiftieth Anniversary of Israeli Independence. The fifth of Iyyar fell on a Friday in 5758 which precluded celebrating the holiday on the technically correct date.

2000: The New York Times included reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Collaborator: The Trial and Execution of Robert Brasillach by Alice Kaplan and the recently released paperback edition of The Last Kabbalist of Lisbonby Richard Zimler a novel in which a young follower of the mystical Jewish tradition tries to track down his uncle's killer in 16th-century Lisbon.

2001: Cookbook author Joan Nathan received the Who's Who of Food and Beverage in America award for lifetime achievement from the James Beard Foundation.

https://jwa.org/thisweek/apr/30/2001/joan-nathan

2002: Beginning today, the Batsheva Dance Company from Israel is scheduled to perform the American premiere of ''Naharin's Virus,'' an adaptation of a 1996 play by the German writer Peter Handke. The music for the dance, which had its premiere in Tel Aviv last year, is adapted from traditional Arabic folk music by Habib Alla Jamal, Shama Khader and Karni Postel

2003(28thof Nisan, 5763): Ran Baron, 24; Dominque Caroline Hass, 29 and Yanai Weiss, 46 were murdered and dozens more wounded including Keith Trowbridge, 37 and Avi Tabib, the security guard, when a terrorist working for Fatah Tanzim and Hamas blew himself up at Mike’s Place a popular Tel Aviv Restaurant. The murderer was part of a group of three British Muslims who came to Israel to kill Jews.

2003(28thof Nisan, 5763): Seventy-two year old Arnold Horween, the successful Chicago businessman “company supplies the leather used to manufacture the National Football League's Wilson footballs” passed away today. (As reported by Ana Beatriz Cholo)

http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2003-05-04/news/0305040211_1_harvard-friends-arnold

2003: The Israeli president, Moshe Katzav and his Polish counterpart, Aleksander Kwasniewski, led 3,000 people from around the world in a ''March of the Living'' through the gate to Auschwitz -- the words ''Arbeit macht frei'' mean ''Work makes you free'' -- and to the nearby twin camp at Birkenau. The march was to mourn Jews killed at the death camp in World War II and commemorate the 60th anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto uprising. Among the marchers was Norman Frejman, 72, of Florida, who as a child survived the Warsaw Ghetto, deportation to the Majdanek death camp and slave labor in Germany. ''I am getting old,'' he said, ''so I had to come here to see it once again. This is hallowed ground.''

2004(9thof Iyar, 5764): Ninety-two year old tobacco executive Joseph Frederick Cullman III, the husband of women from two prominent Jewish families, Susan Lehman and Joan Paley Straus, passed away today. (As reported by Michael T. Kaufman)

https://www.nytimes.com/2004/05/01/business/joseph-f-cullman-3rd-who-made-philip-morris-a-tobacco-power-dies-at-92.html

2004: “Godsend” a horror movie filmed by cinematographer Kramer Morgenthau was released today in the United States and Canada.

2004: “Envy” a comedy directed by Barry Levinson who produced the film with Paula Weinstein and starring Ben Stiller, Jack Black and Rachel Weisz was released in the United States today.

2005(21stof Nisan, 5765): Seventh Day of Pesach and Shabbat

2006: Herbert “Herb” Brown, the former coach of the Detroit Pistons and the “head coach of the U.S. basketball team that won the gold medal at the 2001 Maccabiah Games,” today, joined his younger brother Larry Brown as a member of the United States Jewish Sports Hall of Fame.

2006: The New York Times featured books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including High Lonesome: New & Selected Stories 1966-2006 by Joyce Carol Oates, Politics Lost: How American Democracy Was Trivialized by People Who Think You're Stupid by Joe Klein and Family and Other Accidents by Shari Goldhagen.

2006(2nd of Iyar, 5766): Paul Spiegel leader of the Central Council of Jews, Germany’s main Jewish organization, passed away.

2007: In today’s  “unpublished opinion, the California Court of Appeal held that Robert Shapiro's law firm, Christensen, Miller, Fink, Jacobs, Glaser, Weil & Shapiro, LLP, could be held liable for his alleged misconduct, even though Shapiro holds no equity interest in the firm and is not a true partner

2007: Aubrey Drake Graham, known as “Drake” became the first unsigned Canadian rapper to have his music video featured on BET when his first single, "Replacement Girl" was featured as the "New Joint of the Day"

2007: At the Jewish Museum of Florida an exhibit styled “Bonim: Jewish Developers Building Florida and; Building Community”comes to end. “From swampland to cities, this exhibit highlights the enormous impact of Florida’s Jews on one of the state’s leading industries.” The exhibit demonstrates that starting in 1820 when Moses Levy began purchasing 100,000 acres in north central Florida, Jews have played a major role in transforming Florida from the region’s least populated state into one of the nation’s largest states.  

2007: The Jewish Heritage Center of Western Canada presents a lecture by Dr. Deborah Lipstadt which is based on her experiences during the David Irving Libel Trial.  Her book History on Tiral: My Day In Court with David Irving is the story of her libel trial in London against David Irving who sued her for calling him a Holocaust denier and right wing extremist.

2008: Famed Yiddish actress Esta Saltzman who lived in Manhattan for over 40 years before passing away, will be buried today in a family plot at the Knollwood Park Cemetery.

2008: An exhibition style “Zap, Pow, Bam – Super Heroes of the Golden Age of Comics at the Jewish Museum of Florida comes to a close.

2008: Today, Steve “Tisch along with the rest of the Giants team and administration were invited by President Bush to the White House to honor the Giants Super Bowl victory.”

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Tisch#/media/File:Giants_admin_at_the_white_house.JPG

2008: The Jerusalem Cinematheque presents a screening of “The House on August Street” which depicts the untold story of Beate Berger who founded the “Beith Ahawah Kinderheim” in Berlin in 1922 for needy Jewish children and then saved “her” children from Nazi Germany through a unique rescue operation that ended with her bringing the children to the new “Ahawah” home she built in the Haifa Bay.

2008:As part of the annual Yom Hashoah observance in Iowa City, the University of Iowa Hillel Chapter presentsProfessor Ronald Berger who will speak about "Surviving the Holocaust: One Family's Story"..

2008:“Reparations Ethics: The War Continues,” aired on Israeli. The film criticized the Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany for misspending funds and for being unresponsive and insensitive to the suffering of aging Holocaust survivors.

2009: Goldwin Smith’s Anti-Semitism Fuels Anger by Danielle Davis, exposing the professor’s views on Jews was published today.

http://cornellsun.com/section/news/content/2009/04/30/goldwin-smith%E2%80%99s-anti-semitism-fuels-anger

2009(6th of Iyar, 5769): Mark I. Levy, a fifty-nine year-old lawyer with an Atlanta-based firm who was about to lose his job because of the economy was found dead in his Washington office. Police speculated that the cause was a self-inflicted gunshot wound.  The fate of the Yale law school graduate should serve as warning to all of us in these perils of these uncertain economic times.

2009: The 92nd Street Y presents “The Borowitz Report: Obama’s First 100 Days” in which Award-winning comedian and satirist Andy Borowitz, and a panel including Hendrick Hertzberg, Jonathan Alter  and Judy Gold take an irreverent look at President Obama's first 100 days in office
2009: Brooklyn College Hillel sponsors an Israel Street Fair celebrating Israel Independence Day.


2009: In Washington, D.C., Pulitzer Prize-winning illustrator Jules Feifferreads and discusses Which Puppy a children’s picture book he recently co-authored with his daughter Kate.

2009: In Texas, Heroes and Legacies sponsors “The Kinky Friedman Cigar Event” featuring five Kinky Friedman Cigars including The Governor, Kinkycristo, The Willie, Texas Jewboy and the Utopian

2010 President Barack Obama proclaimed the month of May as Jewish American Heritage Month. Below is the full text of his proclamation.

 In 1883, the Jewish American poet Emma Lazarus composed a sonnet, entitled “The New Colossus,” to help raise funds for erecting the Statue of Liberty.  Twenty years later, a plaque was affixed to the completed statue, inscribed with her words:  “Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free….”  These poignant words still speak to us today, reminding us of our Nation’s promise as a beacon to all who are denied freedom and opportunity in their native lands. Our Nation has always been both a haven and a home for Jewish Americans.  Countless Jewish immigrants have come to our shores seeking better lives and opportunities, from those who arrived in New Amsterdam long before America’s birth, to those of the past century who sought refuge from the horrors of pogroms and the Holocaust.  As they have immeasurably enriched our national culture, Jewish Americans have also maintained their own unique identity.  During Jewish American Heritage Month we celebrate this proud history and honor the invaluable contributions Jewish Americans have made to our Nation.

The Jewish American story is an essential chapter of the American narrative.  It is one of refuge from persecution; of commitment to service, faith, democracy, and peace; and of tireless work to achieve success.  As leaders in every facet of American life—from athletics, entertainment, and the arts to academia, business, government, and our Armed Forces—Jewish Americans have shaped our Nation and helped steer the course of our history.  We are a stronger and more hopeful country because so many Jews from around the world have made America their home.

Today, Jewish Americans carry on their culture’s tradition of “tikkun olam”—or “to repair the world”—through good deeds and service.  As they honor and maintain their ancient heritage, they set a positive example for all Americans and continue to strengthen our Nation.

NOW, THEREFORE, I, BARACK OBAMA, President of the United States of America, by virtue of the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, do hereby proclaim May 2010 as Jewish American Heritage Month.  I call upon all Americans to observe this month with appropriate programs, activities, and ceremonies to celebrate the heritage and contributions of Jewish Americans.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this thirtieth day of April, in the year two thousand ten, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and thirty-fourth.



                                                      The Twist



 … President Obama has made a subtle, symbolic gesture that some would say demonstrates uncommon sensitivity to the Jewish community. Thanks to the New Jersey Jewish News for this story, which reports that President Obama removed the standard phrase “in the year of our Lord” from a proclamation welcoming May as Jewish Heritage Month. As the newspaper reports, previous similar proclamations — by Obama, George Bush, and Bill Clinton — all included the standard line affixed at the end, pegging the missive’s date to the birth of Jesus Christ … Obama, in praising Jews for their unique contributions to American culture, took the extra step of taking it out this time. This may not sit well with “the our-country-is-a-Christian-nation crowd” and it may seem like a small thing, but it shows a certain level of sensitivity if not outright political courage. There are those who think that Jewish community should be more outspoken in acknowledging this, and in voicing appreciation.”

2010: The Los Angeles Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including “If You Knew Suzy: ‘A Mother, A Daughter, A Reporter’s Notebook’” by Katherine Rosman.

2010: An exhibit sponsored by the YIVO Institute for Jewish Research styled “One Foot in America: The Jewish Emigrants of the Red Star Line and Eugeen Van Mieghem,” is scheduled to come to a close today. The exhibit  tells the story of the Red Star shipping line, focusing on the lives of emigrants--the reasons they fled, their arrival in Antwerp and their experience with the city's Jewish community, their living conditions onboard the ships, and their hopes and dreams, is scheduled to close at the YIVO Institute for Jewish Research

2011: Today is reported to be the deadline for the Lincoln Square Synagogue to raise an additional $3 million in pledges so that can receive $20 million from an anonymous donor who has offered to give the money to this leading New York Orthodox synagogue so that it can continue construction of its new building which had been halted to due financial problems.

2011: Beth Chaverim Reform Congregation is scheduled to present a Yom Ha'Shoah Music Program featuring Brian Nedvin, tenor and Assistant Professor at Old Dominion University who “will present a combination of lecture, images, and songs to educate and remind us of our obligation to never forget those lost during the Holocaust.”

2011: Naomi Shilyansky is scheduled to be called to the Torah as a Bat Mitzvah at Agudas Achim in Iowa City, IA.

2011(26thof Nisan, 5771): Ben Masel, who campaigned for decades for the legalization of marijuana, among other causes, died today in his hometown of Madison, Wisconsin (As reported by the Eulogizer)

2012: Deidre Berger is scheduled to take part in a Q&A following a screening of “Jealous of the Birds,” a documentary about the 15,000 Holocaust survivors who stayed in Germany, at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2012: It was announced that Raviv Ullman had joined the cast of Alena Smith's new Off-Broadway play “The Bad Guys.”

2012: International Workshop on Holocaust Testimonies: Truth and Witness is scheduled to begin at the Wiener Library in UK.

2012: In Hawaii, "From Zion A Voice to the Nations” is scheduled to host a coffee hour with former Governor Linda Lingle who is running for the U.S. Senate.

2012(8thof Iyar, 5772): Historian Benzion Netanyahu passed away today at the age of 102.

http://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/01/world/middleeast/benzion-netanyahu-dies-at-102.html?hpw

2013: “Steal a Pencil for Me” an opera that chronicles Jack and Ina Polak’s romance as well as life in Westerbork and Begen-Belsen is scheduled to be performed at the Jewish Theological Seminary.

2013: The Historic Sixth & I Synagogue is scheduled to host its noon-time “Food for Thought” with Rabbi Yosef Edelstein helping attendees “to digest” Jewish ethics, Jewish mysticism and Jewish philosophy

2013(20thof Iyar, 5773): Friends and family remembered Evyatar Borowsky as a joker, a hardy settler, and a devoted husband and father Tuesday evening as they gathered to bury the 31-year-old victim of a terror attack at a West Bank junction earlier in the day.

2013: An IAF aircraft on Gaza this morning assassinated a senior Salafist terror activist who was reportedly behind an April 17 rocket attack on Eilat from the Sinai

2013(20thof Iyar, 5773): Eighty-seven year old  French author Viviane Forrester passed away today.

http://forward.com/articles/176721/who-was-afraid-of-viviane-forrester/?utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Saturday-and-Sunday_Daily_Newsletter%202013-05-18&utm_source=Sailthru&utm_term=The%20Forward%20Today%20%28Monday-Friday%29

2013: Three fires broke out in the Lachish region today, destroying an estimated 20,000 dunams.

2013: Newly installed Pope Francis accepted an invitation from President Shimon Peres to visit Israel, as the two leaders held their first meeting today.

http://www.timesofisrael.com/pope-francis-accepts-invitation-to-visit-israel/

2014(30thof Nisan, 5774): Rosh Chodesh Nisan

2014: “Cardinal O’Connor’s Mother Was Convert From Judaism, Family Research Reveals” published today.

http://cny.org/stories/Cardinal-OConnors-Mother-Was-Convert-From-Judaism-Family-Research-Reveals,10972

2014: The Conference of Presidents of Major Jewish Organizations voted today to deny membership to “J Street.”

2014: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to a panel discussion entitled “New Perspectives on Jewish Refuges and Migrants after World War II.”

2014: Shaaray Tefila and J Street are scheduled to host an evening with IDF veterans Oded Na’aman and Yoav Litvin.

2014: “Disobedience: The Sousa” is scheduled to be shown at the JCC Rockland International Jewish Film Festival.

2015(11thof Iyar, 5775): Eighty-nine year old Anglo-Jewish composer Ronald Senator and his 81 year old wife Miriam Brickman “died tonight from injuries sustained in a three alarm house fire” in Yonkers, NY.

http://www.timesofisrael.com/jewish-composer-and-his-musician-wife-die-in-ny-house-fire/

2015: “An Israeli-led rescue team pulled a Nepalese woman out of the rubble in the capital Kathmandu today, five days after a massive earthquake leveled much of the city, killing some 6,000 people.”

2015: Seventy-three year old Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders is scheduled to announce that he will seek the Democratic Party’s nomination for President of the United States.

2015: “Dora,” a film about a young lady named Dora with Down syndrome is scheduled to be shown at the Jewish Community Center of Northern Virginia.

2015: Mike Hale described “Revolution of the Eye, a new exhibition opening at the Jewish Museum.

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/01/arts/design/review-revolution-of-the-eye-examines-arts-influence-on-early-tv.html?_r=1

2015: The Illinois Holocaust Museum & Education Center is scheduled to host a production of “The Last Cyclist” Karel Svenk’s play “written and rehearsed in the Terezin Concentration Camp.”

2015: In Atlanta, GA, the Breman Museum is scheduled to host “The Wildest Party of the Year.”

2015: The National Football League held its 2015 NFL Draft in the Auditorium Theatre which had been designed by architect Dankmar Adler.

2015: Yeshiva University Museum and the Center for Jewish History in cooperation with the American Sephardi Federation are scheduled to sponsor “A Musical Journey through Space” “hosted cellist Elad Kabilio and accompanied by clarinetist, Avigail Malachi-Baev and vocalist, Inbal Sharret-Singer.

2016: Israeli saxophonist and composer Eli Degibri is scheduled to perform at the White House as a part of International Jazz Day, which will take place today.

2016: “Israel’s opposition leader Isaac Herzog responded furiously today to the ongoing row over anti-Semitism in Britain’s Labour Party, inviting its senior officials to visit the Yad Vashem Holocaust museum in Jerusalem for a reminder of the results of anti-Semitism.”

2016(22ndof Nisan, 5776): Eighth Day of Pesach and Shabbat

2016(22ndof Nisan, 5776): One hundred and three year old historian Danial Aaron passed a way today.

http://historynewsnetwork.org/article/162723

https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/daniel-aaron-scholar-who-helped-develop-academic-field-of-american-studies-dies-at-103/2016/05/02/4f18e390-1054-11e6-8967-7ac733c56f12_story.html?utm_term=.97107f8867b4

2016: In Iowa City, Lubavitcher Rabbi Avrohom Blesofsky is scheduled to host Sedudat Moshiach this evening.

2017: The New York Times features reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including My Jewish Year: 18 Holidays, One Wondering Jew by Abigail Pogrebin and “The Man to Blame for Our Culture of Fame” a retrospective on the role of Walter Winchell, the son of Russian Jewish immigrants in creating the social and intellectual world in which we live.

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/26/books/review/the-long-view-culture-of-fame-walter-winchell.html?ref=headline&nl_art=&te=1&nl=book-review&emc=edit_bk_20170428

2017: Samuel Kassow, Miriam Udel, Naomi Seidman and Barbara Kirshenblatt-Gimblett are scheduled to discuss “Growing Up Jewish.”

2017: The Jewish Federation of Greater Des Moines is scheduled to host a celebration of Israel’s birthday “at Caspe Terrace with Israeli musical performers, the Dayans.”

2017: In Atlanta, the Breman Museum is scheduled to host the “retirement in honor of Dr. Liliane Kshensky Baxter, the Director of the Weinberg Center for Holocaust Education.”

2017: The YIVO Institute is scheduled to host “Children’s Day.”

https://yivo.org/Childrens-Day=

 2018: Two hundred twenty-ninth anniversary of the inauguration of George Washington who in a letter to the Hebrew Congregation in Newport, Rhode Island. proclaimed, "May the children of the stock of Abraham who dwell in this land continue to merit and enjoy the good will of the other inhabitants – while everyone shall sit in safety under his own vine and fig tree and there shall be none to make him afraid”making the Jewish experience in America different from that in other western realms from the outset.

2018(15thof Iyar, 5778): Eighty-one year old Dr. Joel Kovel, the psychiatrist turned social activist passed away.  (As reported by Sam Roberts)


2018: The Yeshiva University Museum and American Sephardi Federation are scheduled to present “Hey, Wow! The Art of Oded Halahmy” whose “work reflects the rich, complex history of the Jewish heritage in Babylonia” featuring a “musical performance by Victoria Hanna.”

2018: The Streicker Center is scheduled to host “Sisterhood of Pain, Sisterhood of Hope” featuring “four bereaved Israeli and Palestinian mothers” each of whom has lost a child

2019: German photographer Luigi Toscano, creator of “Lest We Forget” is scheduled to attend a screening of a documentary about his project at the Goeth-Instituit in San Francisco this evening.

2019: “Golda’s Balcony, The Film” and “Promise At Dawn” are scheduled to be shown on the last evening of the 16th Annual International Jewish Film Festival in Rockland, NY

2019: The Knesset is scheduled to open a new session today “with 49 new members.”

2019(25thof Nisan, 5779): Ninety-one year old Sociliast Arthur “Art” Glik Kunkin, the Bronx born son of Irving and Bea Kunkin and founder of the counterculture publication The Los Angeles Free Presspassed away today. (As reported by Neil Genzlinger)




2019: As Jews bury their dead after the second synagogue shooting in six months, all Americans mark the two hundred thirtieth anniversary of the inauguration of George Washington who in a letter to the Hebrew Congregation in Newport, Rhode Island. proclaimed, "May the children of the stock of Abraham who dwell in this land continue to merit and enjoy the good will of the other inhabitants – while everyone shall sit in safety under his own vine and fig tree and there shall be none to make him afraid” making the Jewish experience in America different from that in other western realms from the outset.

2020:“Famed scholars Deborah Lipstadt, the best-selling author of “Antisemitism: Then and Now” whose success in taking Holocaust deniers to court was depicted in the major motion picture “Denial” and Jonathan Sarna, award-winning author of the seminal book “American Judaism,” are scheduled to take part in an important ADL webinar on “Viruses and Violence: Addressing Antisemitism in the Shadow of COVID-19.”

2020: The Combined Jewish Philanthropies is scheduled to host a virtual pickling event from the comfort of your kitchen during which “Jeff Yoskowitz, co-owner of Brooklyn-based The Gefilteria, will lead us through a fun and interactive demonstration” where “we’ll learn how to make sauerkraut and pickle a variety of vegetables using basic ingredients and supplies” and hear Jeff discuss the art of pickling and its importance in Jewish cuisine, history, and culture.”

2020: The Streicker Center is scheduled to host Rabbi Artson and his virtual presentation on “Bad Stuff Happens – A Talmudic Exploration.”

2020: Via Zoom, the Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to “mark the start of virtual Trinity,” giving everybody a chance to “catch up with their JSoc Friends.

2020: Live on Zoom, Donald Albrecht is scheduled to host “Designing Home: Jews and Midcentury Modernism,” an illustrated talk about Jewish contributions to America’s 20th-century domestic landscape.

2020: As of yesterday evening, Israel’s death toll from COVID-19 had reached at least 215.

This Day, May 1, In Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb Levin Z"L

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May 1

305:  Due to age and ill health and a desire to provide stability for the Roman Empire Diocletian resigned as Emperor of Rome.  Relatively speaking, Diocletian’s reign was a positive period for the Jews.  Diocletian was not overly concerned with his Jewish subjects since he was much concerned about controlling the Christians whom he regarded as a source of major instability in the Empire. From his point of view their contempt for Roman state religion and zealous proselytizing made them enemies of the empire. The Jews posed no such threat.  Therefore, he exempted them from the requirement to include national sacrifices in their services. The decrees of Diocletian are actually recorded in the Talmud.  According to some Diocletian lived in Palestine as a youth and was a swineherd.  As Emperor he visited Palestine at which time enemies of the Jews told him that he was mocked by the Jews for working with pigs.  When confronted with this, the Jewish leaders allegedly told him that while they may have made jokes about swineherds (something they regretted) they never made jokes about an Emperor.  This must have assuaged Diocletian’s anger because no reprisals were taken against the Jews.  It should be noted that Palestine suffered economically during this time, but that was as a result of the general impoverishment of the region and not as a result of anti-Jewish policies.  Diocletian looks especially good when you remember that the reign of Constantine is just over the horizon.

408: Theodosius II or Theodosius the Younger under whom Jews were from barred the civil service, the military and the holding of public office, began his reign as Emperor of the Byzantine Empire.

680: Muawiyah the founder of the Umayyad Dynasty,who “was crowned as caliph at a ceremony in Jerusalem in 661” was reported to treated Jews and other minorities “well” “passed away today.

1160: Bishop William of Beziers, France, who was appalled by the custom of beating of Jews during Palm Sunday, issued an order excommunicating Priests who did so. Beziers was the home to many Albigensians and was one of the more liberal, open cities in France. The Albigensians would be labeled heretics by the Roman Catholic Church.  Some times during the Middle Ages, areas that were hospitable to those quarreling with Rome provided some sort of comfort for Jews who might have otherwise been subject to persecution.

1218: Birthdate of King Rudolf I whose subjects included Meir of Rothenburg who was born three years before the monarch and who bring additional persecution to the Jews of his realm.

1338: Louis the Bavarian “informed the council of Worms that the Jews of that city were bound by agreement to pay the sum of 2,000 gulden toward the king's contemplated expedition against France, and that, if necessary, force might be employed in collecting this sum.”

1339: A party that included John of Marignola, who would report on his conversations with Jews in China, stopped in Constantinople before going on to The Middle Kingdom.”

1576: Coronation of Stephen Bathory, “who proved to be both a tolerant rule and friend of the Jews” as King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania.

1572: Pius V, the Pope who expelled Talmudist Gedaliah ibn Yahya ben Joseph and the rest of the Jews from Imola, Italy passed away.  The expulsion cost him 10,000 gold pieces but he overcame the hardship to write the Sefer Shalshelet ha-Ḳabbalah before dying in Alexandria in 1587.

1672:Pius V, the Pope who expelled Talmudist Gedaliah ibn Yahya ben Joseph and the rest of the Jews from Imola, Italy passed away was beatified today.

1707: The Act of Union joins the Kingdom of England and Kingdom of Scotland to form the Kingdom of Great Britain. While Jews had been expelled from England in 1290 and readmitted under Cromwell in the middle of the 17th century, Jews had been living in Scotland without interruption, possibly since Roman Times, but certainly since the 12thcentury. According Jewish-Scottish scholar David Daiches ,“there are grounds for saying that Scotland is the only European country which has no history of state persecution of Jews.”  By the time that the Act of Union became law, Jews were attending and teaching at Edinburg University.  Within a decade and a half after the Act of Union, there were 20,000 Jews living in Glassgow.


1718(11thof Iyar, 5478): Birthdate of Hirsh Ashkenazi

1720(6thof Iyar, 5780): Hewle Meise, the wife of Salomon Nathan Maas and mother of Nathan Salomon Maas and Meir Salomon Maas passed away today.

1769: Birthdate of Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington.  Wellington’s claim to fame is his victory over the French. It was in this role that he found the Jews most helpful since Nathan Rothschild had provided the financial backing for the Iron Duke’s campaign against the French in Spain at a time when nobody else would risk the funds. Few people remember that the Duke, like other war heroes entered politics, serving as Prime Minister in the 1820’s and 1830’s.  It was here that betrayed those Jews who had supported him by defeating the attempts at Jewish emancipation first when he served in the House of Commons and then, even more viciously when he served in the House of Lords. The Duke had been able to support a bill emancipating seven million English Roman Catholics but he could not bring himself to do the same for thirty thousand English Jews.

1732: George Frideric Handel’s “Esther” which was based on the Biblical heroine and was the first English oratorio premiered at King’s Theatre in London.  Handel drew on Biblical tales for many of his oratorios.

1775(1stof Iyar, 5535): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1775(1stof Iyar, 5535): Thirty-six year old mathematician and botanist Israel Lyons the Younger, the Cambridge born son of Israel Lyons, the elder and husband of Phoebe Person passed away from measles today “while preparing a complete edition of Edmond Halley's works sponsored by the Royal Society.”

1790: The citizens of Pesth had set today as the day to expel all of the Jews from the town – a decision which was overturned by the Diet but did not prevent the citizens from making life as unpleasant for the Jews as possible.

1799: In Prussia, Alexander Wolff and his wife gave birth to their second son, Michael, who would become Michael Solomon Alexander, the convert who became the first Anglican Bishop in Jerusalem.

1805: Königsberg merchant, Gerson Jacoby, and his wife, Lea Jonas gave birth to Prussian socialist leader Johann Jacoby.


1808: Birthdate of Sir Henry Francis Goldsmid, who "after receiving careful instruction, was called to the Bar in Hilary term, 1833 making him the first Jew who ever obtained that distinction in Great Britain.”

1812: Birthdate of Ignaz Kuranda, the Prague born son and grandson of “second-hand book dealers” who became an author, newspaper published and member of the Reichsrate.

1814: In Strasbourg, Alsace, “Auguste Ratisbonne and his wife, Adelaide Cerfbeer,[ members of the famed family of Jewish bankers” gave birth to Marie-Alphonse Raisbone a convert to Catholicism who became a Jesuit priest and “a co-founder of the Congregation of Our Lady of Sion, a religious congregation dedicated to the conversion of Jews to the Catholic faith.”

1817: Birthdate of Karl Isidor Beck the native of Baja, Hungary, the son of Jewish parents raised as Protestant who became a noted Austrian poet.

1812: Birthdate of Ignaz Kuranda, the native of Prague who ended his career in journalism to concentrate on a political career that included serving in the Reichsrate for 20 years.

1822: Friedrich von Gentz, the German diplomat, wrote in his diary, “Rothschild and Baruch excite me with an account of the deplorable Frankfort Jewish matter.”

1823: Birthdate of German native Julius Freiberg who lived in Cincinnati, Ohio where he established a distillery and was the husband of Duffie Freiberg.

1833: In Mathews, VA, Henry Benjamin Nones, the Philadelphia born son “of Abraham Benjamin Nones and Miriam Marks de Nones” and his wife Anna M. Nones gave birth Anna Virginia Nones who tragically passed away two weeks after her birth.

1835: In Bavaria, Kela Bamberger and Seligman Baer (Dov) Bamberger gave birth to Salomon Shlomo Zalman Bamberger

1838: In Prague, Simon and Rachel Ausch gave birth to Pauline Ausch who became Pauline Hirschfeld when she married Dr. Jacob Jacques Heinrich Hirschfeld.

1849(9th of Iyar, 5609): Isaac Bernays, Chief Rabbi in Hambrug, passed away. Born in 1792 at Mayence he completed his studies at the University of Würzburg, where he had been also a disciple of the well-known Talmudist R. Abraham Bing. Then he went to Munich as private tutor in the house of Herr von Hirsch, and afterward lived at Mayence as a private scholar. In 1821 he was elected chief rabbi of the German-Jewish community in Hamburg, to fill a position where a man of strictly Orthodox views but of modern education was wanted as head of the congregation. After personal negotiations with Lazarus Riesser (father of Gabriel Riesser), who went to see him in Mayence, Bernays accepted the office on characteristic terms; namely, that all the religious and educational institutions of the community were to be placed under his personal direction; he wanted to be responsible to the government only. Besides this he required a fixed salary, independent of incidental revenues, and wished to be called "clerical functionary" or "ḥakam," as the usual titles, "moreh ẓedeḳ" or "rabbi" did not seem to him highly esteemed at that time. (Based on an article in the Jewish Encyclopedia)

1851: During the reign of Queen Victoria, whose friendship with members of the Jewish community began when “Sir Moses Montefiore, lent the Queen a key to his estates in Ramsgate Kent, The Great Exhibition opened in Crystal Palace which was conceived by Prince Albert  in London today.

1852: In Great Britain, the Court Exchequer fined Mr. Salomons, the elected Member of Parliament from Greenwich, was fined for voting against the law that excluded the Jews from sitting in the House of Commons.  Apparently he was found guilty of three separate violations since the court imposed three separate fines, of 500 pounds each.

1853: Birthdate of Jacob Michailovitch Gordin “a Russian-born American playwright active in the early years of Yiddish theater” who was “known for introducing realism and naturalism into Yiddish theater.”

1855: The New York Times reported that the American Hebrew Christian Association had issued a public invitation to all converted Jews to attend a meeting at the Asbury Methodist Episcopal Church in Manhattan on the evening of May 10th.

1855: Students at the Union Theological Seminary began taking their final exams today.  One of the subjects in which they will be tested during the next week is the Hebrew Language.

1858: According to reports published today the Jews of Philadelphia have established a Permanent Hebrew Relief Association.

1860: Today’s “City Intelligence” column reported that Giacomo Meyerbeer is a favorite of New York opera goers.  His principal works have been received with enthusiasm, and although inordinately expensive to produce -- when compared with others of the Italian repertoire equally celebrated -- have never failed to pay a handsome dividend to the enterprising manager who produced them.” Meyerbeer was German-Jewish opera composer.

1860: Today’s “City Intelligence” column described the performance of Fromental Halévy’s “La Juive” (The Jewess) at the Winter Garden Theatre. After providing a detailed description of each act the reviewer concluded “It is seldom that a work of such pretension receives fair treatment on a first night, and we do not assert unqualifiedly that even in this instance it did so, but there cannot be a doubt that in all the essentials of good management and liberal desire to praise, there was successful effort, and a most cordial response. If incessant applause means anything, it surely guarantees a long run for the "Jewess." A triumph more complete, in all that makes a triumph pleasing, has never been put on record.”

1861: Caesar Hartog Gerson married Julia Jonassohn at the Synagogue on Margaret Street.

1863: The Battle of Chancellorsville, during which Henry Heller earned the Medal of honor began today.

1863: In common with the rest of their fellow-citizens, the Israelites assembled in their respective places of worship and carried out the precepts of the President's Proclamation. Most of the Synagogues were opened and he Psalms appointed to be read on penitential days, read on the occasion.

A very eloquent address was delivered by Rabbi Morris J. Raphal, at the Greene-street Synagogue. He remarked that it was a curious coincidence that on this, a fast day appointed by their own religious observances, they met in compliance with the Proclamation of the President of the United States, to fast and pray. He had been in this country fourteen years. During the first ten years no public proclamation had ever directed their thoughts and feelings to humiliation and fasting. Once in every year the highest functionary in every State proclaimed a day of general thanksgiving, and with that the debt of national gratitude was supposed to be paid. But now the rulers of the nation come year after year and call upon the people to weary Heaven with fruitless professions of a penitence they did not feel, and of a humility they did not practice. These proclamations fast days, on which no one fasts, are but the repetition of those so strongly reproved by the prophet Isaiah; and, though the people dare not put his questions, "Wherefore do we fast and Thou seest it not? Afflict our souls and Thou will not notice it!" -- since in reality the people do neither -- still the answer would stand good. "Because while you profess humiliation, you persist in your arrogance and your extortions do not cease." If ever a people needed to humble itself before God -- if ever fasting and prayer, sack cloth and ashes were to be worn -- it was by the people of these United States. Like our fathers, the Israelites of old, for whom pious Nekeiniah made such fervent supplication, the people of this country are justly amenable to his confession made for Israel: "In their dominions, in all the great prosperity Thou didst bestow upon them, and throughout the large and rich land which Thou gavest unto them, they did not serve Thee, neither turned they from their evil deeds." The preacher then drew a parallel between the sins of the Israelites, which called forth the reproof of the preacher, and the past conduct of this nation, which was equally amenable to the words of the inspired prophet.

What were they to say for the citizens of the United States who already and so long possess the two greatest earthly blessings, Education and Freedom, and yet make so bad a use of both. Education should be the guardian of freedom and of virtue, it was the birthright of every American, bestowed on all and withheld from none. But what principles did it actually inculcate -what virtues did it really teach? Did it inculcate respect for free institutions? Answer, ye place-hunters, ye ballot-box stuffers, ye shoulder-hitters, who reduce self-government to a disgusting farce. Did it teach patriotism? Answer, ye spoils-men, ye office-teekers and holders, who cement party lines with the cohesive force of public plunder. Did it teach common honesty? Answer, ye peculators and speculators, who fatten on the blood of the hard-worked masses, and who dignify roguery by the name of smartness. His heart ached as he spoke to them of the effects of perverted education; it would ache still more were he to direct attention to the bitter fruits of abused freedom. He need not remind them that while the best men North and South had long been driven aloof from the affairs of the country, demagogues, fanatics and a party Press had so managed matters that they found themselves in the third year of a destructive but needless sectional war, which has armed brother against brother, consigned hundreds of thousands to an untimely grave, and to ruin and devastation tens of thousands of square miles of flourishing and happy land; and what was worse than all this, while humanity weeps we must suppress our sympathy. However, our hearts may yearn for peace and brotherly love, our reason convinces us that the present is not the time to expect, or even to hope for the cessation of blood. On the contrary, though we may detest the cause and course of events, it is our duty loyally to stand by our section of the country, to maintain her quarrel and defend her rights, while we have the consolation to know that our side did not begin the fray, and that the cause of Union was the worthiest in the field.

"The preacher concluded his address with a fervent prayer.

1864: Joseph Seligman and his brothers founded J & W Seligman & Co.

1866: “The Galveston Hebrew Benevolent Society was established” today.

1864: In an article entitled, “The City Cars and General Goods Delivery,” the author’s complaints about the about the crowded, smelly conditions on the city’s public include the statement that “immediate contact with a huge pile of superannuated Hebrew clothing stock is not desirable at any time: it is most undesirable in overheated and overcrowded cars.”  The author then goes on to compare the aroma with that found in packages of partially dried codfish and, strangely enough, joints of half cured pork.

1868: In Santa Fe, N.M., Jacob and Minna (Loewenbein) Amberg gave birth to German trained physician and “otologist”, the husband of Cecile Siegel with whom he raised two children – Robert and Adele while practicing in Detroit where he was a member of Temple Beth-El

1869: Today’s issue of the French Jewish review “Archives Israélites,” published by Isidore Cahen, announced the marriage of Alphonse Hirsch, the painter of chief rabbi Lazar Isidor, to Henriette Perugia. The notice adds that Perugia’s sister was married to Arthur Sassoon of the wealthy Sassoon family. (Based on reports from the Forward)

1869: In Kalvaria, Poland, “Fischel and Feiga (Edelstein) Eron gave birth to Joseph E. Eron who in 1882 came to the United States where he earned a BA and MA from Columbia, married Frances Haas, worked with Abraham Cahan and spent more than 25 in various projects aimed at educating and “Americanizing” immigrants including the founding of the Workmen’s School and the Educational League with Jacob Gordin.

1869: In a classic American success story, J & W Seligman & Co was admitted to the New York Stock Exchange. Joseph Seligman, the founder of the firm had arrived from Bavaria in 1837 “with $100 dollars in the lining of his trousers. By 1860, he and his brothers, who started as itinerant peddlers” had entered the investment banking business.  During the Civil War, they played a leading role in selling United States Government securities to Europeans which helped to finance the Union victory.  By the end of the decade, the Seligman’s had branches in London, Paris, Frankfort, New Orleans and San Francisco.  The brothers would take a leading role in financing the boom in railroads and in supporting Jewish charitable endeavors.

1870: It was reported today that the late Dr. George Frick, a resident of Baltimore, bequeathed $1,000.00 to the Hebrew Society of Baltimore.

1870: According to a report published today, Michael Isaacs and Isaac Goldstein, two Jewish packpeddlers who had been indicted on charges of rape were found guilty and sentenced to ten years in prison by the Suffolk County court in New York.

1872: Adolph Marx Oppenheimer, the son of Sarah and Marx Oppenheimer and his wife Julie Oppenheimer gave birth to Laura Oppenheimer

1873: In Vienna, opening of the World’s Fair where the Illés Relief is a 1:500 scale model of Jerusalem by Stephen Illés “two wooden models of the Temple Mount” built by Conrad Schick were displayed.

1874: Ludwig Chronegk began his 26 year career as stage-manager with the Meininger troupe “when they first appeared at the Friedrich-Wilhelm Theatre in Berlin.

1874: In Ukraine, Isaac Cutler, who “was murdered during the 1882 pogrom in Elizabethgad” and Mrs. Ethel “Etta” Yaroshev Cutler gave birth to Colonel Harry Cutler, the resident of Providence, Rhodes Island who was the chairman of the Jewish Welfare Board of the United States.


1874: Birthdate of Samuel Aaron Tannenbaum the native of Hungary who came to the U.S. in 1886 where in 1898 “he began practicing psychotherapy in New York City” and became a “widely recognized scholar of Shakespeare and his times.


1876: Establishment of Children of Israel Synagogue in the eastern part of Des Moines, Iowa.

1876: During the fiscal year that ended today the United Hebrew Charities “gave away 754 tons of coal, 716 pairs of shoes and 1,625 women’s and children’s garments”


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1879: Julius and Sarah Rothenberg Bressler, gave birth to David M. Bressler, who attended City College, JTS and the New York Law School, was widely known for his activities in Jewish, State and municipal relief and in charity organizations and for his work with the Removal Office which was aimed at diverting the flow of Jewish immigrants from eastern cities to areas in the South and the Mid-West and providing them funds and training to acclimate them to their new homes

1879: In Bartfa, Hungary, Benjamin and Esther (Schoenfeld) Waldman gave birth to Morris David Waldman the graduate of NYU, JTS and Columbia University who went from the rabbinate to “the field of social and welfare work.”


1880(20th of Iyar, 5640): Sixty-three year old French composer Samuel Naumbourg who was the chazzan and reader at Besançon and directed the choir at the synagogue Strasburg before moving to Paris in 1845 where he officiated at the synagogue of the Rue Notre-Dame de Nazareth at Paris and became professor of liturgical music at the Séminaire Israélite passed away today.

1880: During the fiscal year ending today, the United Hebrew Charities had raised over $58, 00 of which almost $47,000 was spent in meeting the needs of 27,915 applicants for service.

1880: While visiting Freiburg, Germany, Texas banker Morris Lasker and Nettie Davis Lasker gave birth to Albert Davis Lasker who would leave his mark on the world of advertising as a partner of Lord & Thomas.



1880: According to a report from a Berlin correspondent, “all the Jews of foreign birth” have been given six hours to leave St. Petersburg, the Russian capital.

1881: It was reported today that the “Alliance Israelite Universelle” is extending its work among the Jews of the Orient.  In the past six months, Alliance has opened 9 schools in the Ottoman Empire.  All told the Alliance is supporting 33 schools serving a total of 6,300 pupils.  Sixty-eight thousand francs have been raised towards the establishment of primary and professional schools in Palestine.

1881: In Odessa, Michael Pofcher and Rose Nizel Pofcher gave proof to Dr. Elias Harrry Pofcher, the husband of Fanny G. Pofcher.

1881: The funeral of Isaac Hendricks, a member of the prominent Hendricks family, is scheduled to take place today at the New York home of his brother-in-law, H.S. Henry.

1882: “Beaconsfield’s Birthday” published today described British reaction to the anniversary of the birth of Lord Beaconsfield who passed away last year.  Admirers wore the primrose, the favorite flower of the late Benjamin Disraeli.

1882: It was reported today that General Nicholai Ignatief has issued a denial of claims that the anti-Jewish violence is the result of a lack of action by the government.  Furthermore, the violence has been limited to Balta and was started by the Jews who were seeking “revenge for an insult to a Jew by a Christian child.”

1882: Amid reports that Jews are living Vilna en mass, two hundred families are to leave for America today.

1882(12th of Iyar, 5642): Samuel Mocatta, the son Abigail Lindo and Moses Mocatta,, membesr of large, distinguished Anglo-Jewish Sephardi family, the husband of Miriam Mocatta and the father of Horace Rebecca, Ada, George, Laura and Frederick Mocatta, the philanthropist and Bullion broker, who designed the Montefiore Synagogue, the Brighton Regency Synagogue and the stations for the London and Brighton Railway passed away today.

1883: Israel Lewy who had succeeded David Joël as "Seminarrabbiner" began serving as chair of Talmudic Literature at Jewish Theological Seminary of Breslau

1884: The Hebrew Technical Institute moved from 206 East Broadway to 129 Crosby Street.  The Institute had occupied the Broadway facility since January of 1884 when it opened with 24 pupils.

1885: It was reported today that the late Isaac Vogel had made bequests of $1,000 each to the Young Men’s Hebrew Association, the United Hebrew Charities, the Montefiore Home for Chronic Invalids, Mount Sinai Hospital, the Hebrew Orphan Asylum and the Hebrew Free School Association.

1885: Birthdate of Israel George “Izzy” Levene “the All-American end at the University of Pennsylvania who went on to coach at the University of Tennessee and Wake Forest.

1885: Birthdate of Jacob Paley, the native of Kiev who came to the United States and with his brother Samuel Paley Congress Cigar Company which would provide the funds for his nephew William to buy the radio station that because the Columbia Broadcasting System.

1886:  The Moses Montefiore Congregation bought property at 160 East One Hundred and Sixteenth Street which was the site of a Baptist Church.  Plans to use the structure for a synagogue came to naught when it was determined that the building was unsuitable for that purpose and that it would be too small for the number of congregants who would be using the synagogue.

1886: “In Lozdzieje, Russian Empire (now Lazdijai, Lithuania),” Bertha and Julian Achron, “an amateur violinist gave birth violinist and composer “Joseph Yulyevich Achron” who emigrated to the United States in 1925 where he spent the rest of her life and who was the brother of Isidor Achron, “Jascha Heifetz’s accompanist.”



1886: The American Federation of Labor, led by it’s newly elected President, Samuel Gompers, strikes on a nationwide basis in an attempt to secure an eight hour day.

1886: Birthdate of Leipzig native businessman Walter Cramer who “took part in the civilian resistance against the Nazis” and was hanged for his part in the attempt to kill Hitler on July 20, 1944.

1887: Birthdate of Felix Rosenblüth, who as Pinchas Rosen was Israel’s first Minister of Justice.

1889(30th of Nisan, 5649): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1889: In Galveston, TX, at 5:00 pm “more than fifty children assembled” at the home of Morris and Nettie Lasker to celebrate the 9th birthday of future advertising great Albert Lasker starting with an hour of “supervised games” followed by a May Pole dance.

1890: The United Hebrew Trades Union is one of several organizations taking part in today’s march sponsored by the American Federation of Labor in support of an 8 hour work day.

1890: Following a fortnight of attacks on Jewish shops in outlying provinces, Austrian authorities fear that there will be a May Day attacks on Jews throughout the empire including Vienna.


1890: An unnamed anarchist has called for May Day attacks in Paris including the assassination of the Rothschilds.

1890: The old Hebrew Orphan Asylum building on 77th street is going to converted into a public school that should accommodate 1,200 children.

1890: Members of the American Federation of Labor, the union organization headed by Samuel Gompers will be taking part in a large demonstration this evening in support of the eight work day.

1891: As of today, 142 people were residing at the Home for Aged and Infirm Hebrews.

1891: The International Cloak Makers Union of America was founded today.  Among the delegates attending the meeting was Benjamin Schlesinger, a delegate from Chicago who would become the business manager of Local 5 in Chicago.

1891: Oscar Hammerstein held a reception for newspaper men in which he discussed his plans to build a new opera house in New York.

1891: Approximately 4,000 Jewish who work in the clothing trades held a pro-union parade on the east side of New York.

1891: Alexander Becce, a Russian Jew “a native of the town of Byzlik  received a notice from the government that he must either leave the country within thirty days or be exiled together with his family to Siberia for life on his account of his religion.”

1892(4th of Iyar, 5652): Rabbi Joseph Dov Soloveichik passed away

1892(4th of Iyar, 5652): Abraham L. Grabfelder who was born in Bavaria 53 years ago and was the General Southern Agent of the Manhattan Life Insurance Company for twenty wand who was a Director of the Sanitarium for Hebrew Children passed away today.

1892: “Young Hebrew Gymnasts” published today described a demonstration of physical skills by members of the Young Men’s Hebrew Association and the Young Woman’s Hebrew Association, the latter of whom showed their skills with dumbbells.  The youngsters were coached by Professor Herman Weber.

1892 When the fiscal year of the Home for Aged and Infirm Homes ended today the charity had receipts of $66,113.01 while having made expenditures of $37, 783.80 leaving a balance of $28,329.21.

1892: “Art and Literature Abroad” published today included the note that “the result of Mr. Joseph Pennell’s visit to Russia will be published under the title The Jew At Home: Impression of a Summer and Winter Spent With Him.

1892: “For A New Clubhouse” published today described the plans of the Columbia Club, the lead Jewish social organization in Harlem to build a new facility on 127th Street and 5thAvenue. The club paid $50,000 for this new location.

1893: “As A German Knows Bismarck” published today verified “Prince Bismarck’s statement that he was never a friend of the Jews” and that as Junker, he was “an enemy of everything that was liberal” which meant that he “disliked Catholics and workmen.”

1893: Among the books that will be published Putnam and Sons is The Jews of Angevin England by Joseph Jacobs

1893: According to “Literary Notes” published today A Study of the Jews in Medieval England compiles by Joseph Jacobs is “among the book on the announcement list of the Putnams.

1893: “A New Rabbi for Baith Israel” published today described the changes at the synagogue at Street and Boerum Place where Rabbi Marcus Friedlander who moved to Oakland to take the pulpit at Temple Sinai has been replaced by Rabbi Joseph Taubenhaus who is the brother of chess champion of Jacob Taubenhaus and the brother of the rabbi at Congregation Beth Elhoim

1894: Council No. 3 of the Council of Jewish Women was formed in Baltimore, MD with a membership of 115 led by Mrs. Bertha Rayner Frank as President and Miss Rose Summerfield as Secretary.

1894: It was announced today that Baron Arthur de Rothschild is one of the six member of the Sailing Committee which will oversee the Nice Regatta to be held in April of 1895 and that Rothschild has also donated a cup valued at 200 English pounds for the second place finisher in the competition for sailing yachts weighing over twenty tons.

1894: The funeral of Jesse Seligman who passed away in San Diego, CA, on April 23 is scheduled to take place at Temple Emanu-El starting at 10 o’clock.

1894: At today’s May Day Parade the contingent of United Hebrew Trades that included “400 young women” led by Dora Levine” were greeted by cheers

1895:  A lease was signed for a building at Mott Avenue and 149th Street which was to the home for the Hebrew Infant Asylum.

1895: In Watertown, NY founding of the Congregation of the Standard Of Israel.

1895: A letter was dropped in the mailbox of Samuel Zuckerman today in which their son twenty year old Bernard Zuckerman acknowledged “that he had robbed their flat” and in which he enclosed a pawn ticket representing the candlesticks which he had pledged with a pawnbroker for $15

1895: The contingent from the United Hebrew Trades marching in today’s Labor Day Parade were life “by fifty members of the Mineral and Soda Water Makers’ Union on horseback wearing white jackets and red sashes.”  (For “2 cents-plain made by Jewish union workers?)

1895: This evening Isidor Bader of 208 Madison Street in New York City received “a letter written Hebrew” saying that the mother of the little mute boy whom an unknown couple had left with Bader earlier in the day, was dead and that his father was unable to provide for him.

1895: “Nathaniel S. Rosnau, Superintendent of the United Hebrew Charities gave a talk on practical philanthropy to the Council of Jewish Women at Temple Emanu-El.”

1896: Sixty four year old Nasser al-Din Shah Qajar during whose reign Dr. Jacob Eduard Polak was brought to Persia to teach medicine and surgery to a whole generation of Persian physicians as part of an attempt to modernize the kingdom, was assassinated today.

1896: In Bellaire, Ohio, founding of the Congregation Sons of Israel whose members included Julius Weill, Joseph Sonneborn, Max L. Herzberg and Simon Behr which held Friday night and Saturday morning services and was supported by a Ladies’ Auxiliary Society.

1897: “Turks Still Advancing” published today described the Ottoman capture of Larissa from the Greeks.  The Jews had remained at Larissa since they expected to be protected by the Turks.

1897: “Home For Working Girls” published today described the establishment of the Clara de Hirsch Home for Working Girls.  The home is the first manifestation of aid for Russian Jews in America by possible by the $2,000,000 bequest from the Hirsch family.

1898: “Rabbi Grossman Approves the War” published described the views on the Spanish-American War of the leader of Temple Rudolph Sholom who “said that if a war was waged for a holy cause it was this one.”

1898: Birthdate of Dave “Pep” Tobey, “the first Jew to be elected into the Naismith Basketball Hall of Fame.


1898: Joseph Baroness, the socialist leader and the Grand Marshall of last night’s proposed parade surprised authorities by agreeing to call of the parade to avoid the threat of violence.  He also said that he never intended to criticize the United States for the war with Spain.  He said that it was “a just war and if there is anyone who sympathizes with Spain we don’t want him in our parade.

1898: “Russian Jews Will Enlist” published today described the Jewish response to the Spanish-American War including seventy Jewish Russian from the east side of New York who have signed enlistment, the papers, the carpentry class from the Jewish trade school that has volunteered and the Jewish farmers from the Hirsch Colony of Woodbine, NJ, many of whom served in the Russian Army, who have enlisted.

1898: The first battle of the Spanish American War took placed at Manila Bay where Commodore George Dewey, commanding the U.S. Navy's Asiatic Squadron aboard USS Olympia, in a matter of hours defeated a Spanish squadron, an event later described by Dr. Joseph M. Heller who arrived in the Philippines in 1899.

1899: Myer S. Isaacs, President of the Hirsch Fund has read about the bequest of the late Baroness Hirsch in the newspapers but has received no official communication on this matter.

1899: Dr. Lee K. Frankel of Philadelphia, PA, is scheduled to officially assume his duties as the manager of the United Hebrew Charities in New York. A native of Philadelphia who holds both a B.S. and a Ph. D. from the University of Pennsylvania, Frankel is secretary of Rodef Shalom, Vice President of the Baron de Hirsch Committee and Director of the Jewish Chautauqua Society.

1899: After twenty-three years of service, Dr. Herman Baar will be stepping down as superintendent of the Hebrew Orphan Asylum effective June, 1.

1899: “Hirsch Memorial Services” published today described plans the several New York Jewish charitable institutions are making to honor the memory of the late Baroness Hirsch.

1899(21st of Iyar, 5659): Joel Deutsch who had been principal of school for deaf-mutes established in Nikolsburg and moved to Vienna in 1852 passed away today.

1900: In Konitz, a county in the province of Prussia, Germany, a blood accusation occurred after the death of a local student. Wolf Israelski was accused and arrested, while Count Plucker promoted riots against the Jews. After Israelski was proven innocent, two others, Adolf Levy and Rosenthal, were arrested on the same charge. Rosenthal was acquitted and Lewy sentenced on a perjury charge to four years.

1900: Dutch Zionist leader Jacobus Kann resigns as director of the Bank designed to finance the purchase of land in Eretz Israel and help settlers make Aliyah.

1901: Birthdate of Endre Bohem, the native of Arad who became a successful American screenwriter and producer.


1901: In Mayesville, SC, Emanuel and Bertha Strauss Sternberger gave birth to Blanche Sternberger who became Blanche Sternberger Benjamin when she married New Orleans native and Harvard graudate Edward Bernard Benjamin, the father of Edward Bernard Benjamin, Jr.

1903: In his poem "Tale of the Slaughter," the famous Jewish poet Chiam Nachman Bialik chastised the Jews for not defending themselves in the Pogrom at Kishinev that had taken place in April, 1903. Herzl was also affected by the massacre and he decided to visit Russia and give consideration to the Uganda Plan. The Uganda plan would be rejected but it would cause a painful split in the infant Zionist movement. The massacre also provided the impetus in America to lay the groundwork for the American Jewish Committee, casting American Jewry into international prominence. There would be another pogrom in Kishinev in 1905 with more loss of life.

1905: Bernard “Zuckerman was elected a delegate to the founding convention of Poale Zionof America that took place” today.

1905: Birthdate of Hermann Kosterlitz, the native of Berlin who gained fame as movie director Henry Koster, a refugee from Nazi Germany, who is best remembered as the man who discovered Abbott & Costello.  He saw their comedy act and convinced Universal Studios to sign them to a contract.  He directed their first film in which all of America heard the “Who’s On First” routine for the first time.

1906: “For the Hebrew Children’s Sanitarium” published today described the progress made in raising funds for the Jewish institution  to which Jacob H. Schiff has contributed $10,000 and Mortimer L. Schiff and Adolph Lewisohn have each contributed $2,500.

1907: Today, twenty –three year old Saul Dushman, the Rostov born son of Samuel and Olga Dushman, holder of Ph.D. from the University of Toronto and one of the “most valuable researchers” at the General Electric Labs in Schenectady, NY., married his first wife Amelia Gurofksy who pre-deceased him leading to his marriage to Anna Leff in 1914

1908: In Warsaw Poland, Count Jerzy Skarbek, a Catholic, and Stefania née Goldfeder, the daughter of a wealthy assimilated Jewish family gave birth to their second child and first daughter Krystna who served with bravery and distinction as an agent who operated in occupied Europe for the British Special Operations Executive (SOE)

1908: Heinrich Conried “retired from the Metropolitan Opera House due to his poor health.”

1909: “During a worker’s demonstration in Buenos Aires, a Jewish anarchist murdered a local police chief.  Rioters responded by attacking and sacking the city’s predominately Jewish small retail business quarter.”

1909: Birthdate of Philadelphia, PA, native David “Cy” Kaselman the outstanding player for the Philadelphia Sphas from 1928 to 1940.

1909: The Jewish anarchist, Simon Radowitzki, attempted to assassinate Ramon Falcon, the Argentinean chief of police.

1909 A Workers’ Day rally in Buenos Aires, led in part by Simon Radowitzky, turns violent

Ukrainian-Jewish anarchist Simon Radowitzky emigrated to Argentina when he was 17-years-old. In 1909, he… [More] participated in the Labor Day demonstration in Plaza Lorea that was suppressed by the police — between eight and 12 individuals 8 died and dozens were wounded. Out of revenge, Radowitzky allegedly threw a bomb at chief of police Ramon Falcon. In the following week, Falcon pursued the workers. The police began to fan an anti-Semitic campaign against Russian Jewish instigators. Radowitzky was sentenced to death, but it was commuted to life imprisonment because he was barely 18, and he was ultimately released in 1930. He then took part in the Spanish Civil War and ultimately managed to escape from a French internment camp to Mexico. [Less]


1910: Birthdate of Henryk Ross “who was employed as a photographer by the Department of Statistics for the Jewish Council within the Łódź Ghetto,” survived the Holocaust and testified at the Eichmann trial before passing away 1991.



1910: The Sunday New York Times published “‘Icy Italy As Seen: by Israel Zangwill’ the fourth in a series of ‘Italian Fantasies’ written by this well-known author.”

1911: “Here in Behalf of Abyssinian Jews” published today described the arrival of Dr. Jacques Faitlovich in New York where he plans on establishing a branch of a society designed to unite the black Jews of Abyssinia with the rest of the Jews’ of the world.




1912(14th of Iyar, 5672): Pesach Sheni combines with celebration of May Day

1912: Five days after he had passed away, 38 year old Henry Baumann, the Glasgow born son of German immigrants William and Rosalie Baumann was buried today at the “Balls Pond Road Jewish Cemetery.”

1913: In Hartford, CT, Joseph Neistat and Jennie Sherman gave birth to Louis Neistat who gained fame Louis Nye one of a stable of comedians who first gained national notice on the “Steve Allen Show.”

1913: Birthdate of Czech born British conductor Jay Walter Susskind.

1913: As the investigation into the death of Mary Phagan continues, E.F. Holloway, the pencil factory’s day watchman saw Jim Conley, the pencil factory’s janitor washing a dirty shirt which led to Conley’s arrest that day.  At first Conley tried to hide the shirt and then claimed the stains were rust from the overhead pipe on which he had hung the shirt. Detectives examined it for blood, found none and returned it. [Conley would later testify against Leo Frank. Decades later, Conley would be exposed as the person who had murder Mary Phagan.]

1914: Nissim Mazliach is appointed to the Turkish Chamber for Smyrna.

1914: In Cincinnati, Ohio, founding of the Mizrachi Organization of America

1915: Four days after the Zion Mule Corps had landed at Helelles the 29th Indian Infantry landed at Sari Bair securing the area beyond the landing beaches.

1915: Schiff  Has Fears For British Jews” published today contains the expression of the concerns by Jacob H. Schiff  “that England has become ‘contaminated’ by her alliance with Russia in so far as the Jewish question is concerned and that conditions will be harder for Jews in England after the war, while they will be better in Germany.”’


1915: Abraham Shiplikeff of the United Hebrew Trades is scheduled to preside over an assemblage those delivering speeches demanding equal rights for Jews the world over…in a dozen different languages.”

1915: “A May Day demonstration in favor of peace in Europe, equal rights for Jews after the war, socialism and women suffragists  brought 25,000 labor unionists and Socialist to Union Square” in New York today.

1915: The Federation of Rumanian Jews of America’s home “at Grand View-on-the Hudson” which has accommodations for 180 patients is scheduled to open today thanks in no small measure to the work of Dr. Julius Weiss and Morris D. Reiss.

1915: Abraham Cahan, edtor of The Jewish Dail Forward, was the speaker at a meeting a Carnegie Hall” tonight “given in his honor by the United Hebrew Trades and the East Side branches of the Socialist party in order to get the story of his investigation in the war zone from which he had returned last week.”

1915: In the U.K. poet Jon Rodker and dancer Sonia Cohen gave birth to “political activist and television producer” Joan Rodker.


1916: Labor activist Bessie Abramowitz and Amalgamated president Sidney Hillman announced their engagement while marching at the head of the clothing workers' contingent of the Chicago May Day Parade.

1916: An anti-war demonstration which had a formative effect on 12 year old Hans Achim Litten took place in Berlin today.

1916: The Ninth Semi-Annual Assembly of the Eastern Council of Reform Rabbis which had been meeting at Temple Emanuel during which Rabbi Stephen S. Wise said “Louis D. Brandeis, whom power and privilege seek to prevent from ascending the Supreme Court bench of the United States, is the single Jew in America who is standing our as the prophet of social justice and Jewish righteousness” came to an end.

1916: It was announced today that Jacob Schiff will deliver a major address at the meeting of the Jewish Publication Society of America later this month in Philadelphia, PA.

1916: It was reported today that the first volume of Simon Dubnow’s History of the Jews of Russia and Poland will be sent to JPS members later this month.

1917: Preacher Billie Sunday said today that “many prophecies are coming true” as can be seen by the fact that “the Jews are going back to Palestine and are to have nation of their own for the first times since the days of the sweet singer of Israel.”

1917: It was announced at the headquarters of the Young Judea Club in Manhattan, “that 5,000 young Jews have enlisted to work on garden farm in” New York state” and are “ready to serve under the Mayor’s committee.

1917: U.S. Secretary of State Lansing “received a cablegram from the Joodsch Correspondentie Bureau at the Hague asserting that it has been established by Jewish intellectuals for the purpose of keeping the press of the world informed regarding the Jewish situation and asking the attitude of the United States Government toward the national renaissance of the Jewish people.”

1917: Jacob Schiff and Louis Marshall held “an informal consultation today” and decided that as soon as they had had received a text of a telegram from the State Department that had been sent from leaders of the Jews of Russia saying that they were supporting “a new public loan for freedom issued by the Provisional Government” they would begin soliciting public support for the measure.

1917: The first national meeting of the American Jewish Congress did not take place today as scheduled due to differences among several Jewish organizations as to the power of the Executive Committee and the allocation of delegates.

1917: Abraham Elkus, the U.S. Ambassador to Turkey who had contracted spotted typhus in April which made it impossible for him to leave Constantinople after the U.S declared war on Germany “was pronounced out of danger today” but still was not well enough to travel.

1918: Today, a special nurse was added “to the regular staff of nurse maintained by” The Irene Kaufmann Settlement in Pittsburgh who will deal with “prenatal and post-natal nursing” which marked the inauguration of “this kind of district nursing service in Pittsburgh.

1918: Sixteen year old Yitzak Jacov Liss, the father of Victoria Shalvah Liss Herzberg, an art teacher in Vermont, and Houston physician, Dr. Shelly E. Liss, began serving as enlisted man today “in the British Jewish Legion 38th Battalion Royal Fusiliers.”

1918: Nineteen year old Toronto, Canada, native Alexander Solomon enlisted in the Jewish Legion which led to his serving in Palestine during World War after which he returned home to practice law for 27 yers and serve as the National Director of the Canadian March of Dimes from 1950 to 1963.

1918: It was reported today “Palestine has lost a large proportion of its Jewish people since the war began, with some in Egypt, some in Turkish prisons and some in exile” while “Jerusalem has lost two-third of its Jewish population because of exile, typhus and starvation.”

1919: Today’s May issue of Jewish Charities will be the last since it will start appearing under the masthead of “Jewish Social Service” in June.

1919: The rabbis of Palestine hold a first conference. Rabbi Avraham Yitzhak HaCohen Kook is asked to serve as chief rabbi.

1919: In Chicago, Professor George L. Scherger is scheduled to lead a discussion of Leo Tolstoy’s War and Peace at the Literary Study Circle.

1920: Young anarchist Mollie Steimer began a 15-year prison term for distributing leaflets opposing American intervention in the Russian Revolution. She was later deported.

1919: Two days after she had passed away, 28 year old Rachel Manning, the daughter of Ada and Lewis Freedman and the wife of Richard Manning was buried today at the “East Ham Jewish Cemetery.”

1921: Not for the first or last time, Arabs resort to violence to try and stop the growth of the Jewish community.  In this case riots began in Jaffe resulting in the death of forty Jews and the wounding two hundred others. The riots soon spread to Tel Aviv, Petah Tikva, Kfar Saba, Hadera and Rehovot. Though casualties were relatively light, the British decided to appease the Arabs and "redefined" the borders of the Balfour Declaration.   This was neither the first time nor the last time that the British would violation the terms of the Mandate.  It was also one of the many examples in which the British sought to curry favor with the Arabs, even if it meant betraying the Jews.

1923: On Coney Island in Brooklyn, Russian immigrants Lena and Isaac Donald Heller gave birth to author Joseph Heller who created Catch-22, the literary masterpiece that gained additional fame as a film.


1923: “British Chief Rabbi Defends Schechita In The Times” published today by the Jewish Correspondence Bureau described the strongly expressed opposition of Joseph Hertz, the Chief Rabbi of the United Kingdom proposed legislation that would end “the Jewish method of slaughtering animals for food” which he says “according to the testimony of competent experts including Lord Lister, Sir Michael Foster, Dr. Leonard Hill and Dr. T.H. Openshaw” is “the most human method” for doing this.

1925: In the UK, Marie Bader and Louis Balmuth gave birth to Helen Balmuth who gained fame as Helen Rae Bamber who among other things “worked with Holocaust survivors after the liberation of the concentration camps


1926: “The all-Jewish football (soccer) club, SC Hakoah Wien, led by Béla Guttmann played before a crowd of 46,000 people at the Polo Grounds in New York City.

1928: A large number of workers in Palestine heeded the call of the Worker’s Councils for a general strike.  In other May Day activities, Arab and Jewish workers held mass meetings in several towns including Jerusalem and Tel Aviv, where police dispersed the gatherings after arresting several demonstrators some of whom would later be labeled as “communists.”

1928(11th of Iyar, 5688): Fifty-eight year old Joseph Solomon Wallenstein, the son of Solomon and Esther Wallenstein, passed away today.

1928: In London, variety store proprietors Victor and Leah Cohen gave birth to art pioneer Harold Cohen.



1929: Mr. and Mrs. Stuart J. Lebach of Park Central announced the engagement of their daughter Lenore Block Lebach, the Columbia University student and granddaughter of Leo Bloch to Edmond Nathaniel Cahn the graduate of Tulane University, member of ZBT and Phi Beta Kappa and son of Mr. and Mrs. Edgar M. Cahn of New Orleans, LA.

1929: For the first time since their inception in 1889, the annul May Day rally in Berlin turned violent and when “the workers were charged with severe breach of the peace and sedition” Hans Litten stepped in to defend them.

1930: In Siófok, Hungary, József and Ilona Hirsch, both of whom perished in The Holocaust, gave birth to theatre director John Hirsch was brought to Canada “in 1947 through the War Orphans Project of the Canadian Jewish Congress.

1932: Birthdate of Lithuanian native and American educated historian Donald Kagan, the husband of Myrna Kagan and father of authors Robert and Frederick Kagan.  (This blog cannot do justice to his career or his works.)



1932: According to reports by John Martin published today, famed ballerina Belle Didjah has set sail from New York to begin her European Tour which will include performances in Tel Aviv and other communities in Palestine.  The performances are being sponsored by the Cultural Committee of Histadruth.

1933: “Crowd Assaults Fascist Who Insult London Jews” published today described how “an after theatre crowd of about 7,000 persons surrounded and assaulted a band of young Fascists who had hurled insults at groups of Jews in Piccadilly Circus.”

1934: Julius Streicher's Nazi periodical, Der Stürmer--one of Germany's most popular periodicals and a favorite of Hitler--reminded its readers that during the Middle Ages, the Jews were accused of committing ritual murder of Christian children and of using their blood for religious ritual purposes

1934(16th of Iyar, 5694): Seventy year old Polish born manufacturer and Jewish philanthropist Israel Unterberg who came to the United States in 1873 at approximately ten years of age passed away today.



1934: The Rassenpolitisches Amt der NSDAP (Racial Policy Office of the National Socialist German Workers Party) was established by Hitler's friend and secretary, Rudolph Hess.

1935: It was reported today that a riot at a lecture in Munich celebrating the 10th anniversary of the founding of Hebrew University in Jerusalem was averted by Jewish restraint in the face of threats from Nazi students some of whom were dress in the Brown Shirt uniform.

1935: In Manhattan, German born tent manufacturer Walter Stern and bookkeeper Jean (Friedlander) Stern gave birth CCNY and Harvard Law School graduate Henry Jordan Stern, the long-time and forceful commissioner of parks and recreation in New York City who was the husband of Dr. Margaret Ewing, father of Jaren and Kenan Stern and the brother of Susanne Kenneth and Jerome Stern. (As reported Robert D. McFadden)


1936: Despite have arrested 106 Communists, British authorities braced for more violence today which is both the Muslim Sabbat and May Day.

1936: During his May Day speech today, when Hitler asked who was spreading the lies that “Germany will invade Austria or Czechoslovakia” the crowd respond with “cries of the Jews” which was the same response he got when he asked “who are the elements which want no peace?”

1936: “Several Jewish-owned shops were destroyed by a bomb explosion at Ovwock, Poland.”

1936: In explaining the University of Michigan’s decision to send representatives to an anniversary at the Heidelberg University despite Nazi involvement, President Alexander G. Ruthven was quoted today as saying “he believed that Germany’s persecuting of the Jews and Catholics had been no worse than Italy’s treatment of the Ethopians.”

1937(20th of Iyar, 5697): Parashat Emor

1937: A five year old Jewish boy was killed today while being by his mother and six Jews men wounded today in Warsaw when “fascists threw bombs and fired shots at the tail-end of a May Parade sponsored by the Jewish Socialist party.”

1938: Big band singer Beatrice Ruth Wain married French born American radio personality Andre Baruch.

1938: Following the Anschluss, Austrians forced Jewish men and women to scrub the streets with small brushes and with the women's fur coats.

1939: “An Associated Press photograph shows some of over 132,000 members of the Hitler youth assumed at the Olympic Stadium in Berlin” today


1939: In Hungary, discriminatory laws were passed against Jews engaged in law and medicine. Jewish participation in the economy was restricted to six percent.

1939: Following a decision “made in the secretariat of Hashomer Hatzair, Kibbutz BaMa'ale and  Kibbutz BaMifne “were settled in Menashe Heights” and eventually be called Kibbutz Dalia.

1940: In France, premiere of “Sarajevo,” directed by Max Ophüls and filmed by cinematographer Otto Heller.

1940: Birthdate of Colette Avital, the Bucharest native who made Aliyah in 1950 and developed a career as a diplomat and political leader.

1940: Polish and Baltic-area Jews began to escape across the Soviet Union to Japan, the Dutch East Indies, Australia, Canada, the United States and, in a few instances to Eretz Israel. In all, only a few thousand Jews from the region manage to escape.

1940: The Lodz Ghetto is closed.  At the outbreak of the war, Lodz was the second largest Jewish community in Europe, Warsaw being the largest.  When the Ghetto was sealed, it imprisoned over 230,000.  Those who did not die of starvation, pestilence, etc. ended up being transported to the Chelmno death camp.  There were less than 900 Jews left alive when the Soviets liberated the ghetto in January, 1945.

1940(23rd of Nisan, 5700): One hundred forty Palestinian Jews died as German planes bombed their ship

1940: Rudolf Höss, adjutant at the Sachsenhausen, Germany, concentration camp, was ordered to turn the former Polish army barracks at Auschwitz, Poland, into an extermination camp.

1940: From today through December 1940 thousands of Polish Jews are sent eastward as forced laborers to construct fortifications along the new Soviet frontier.

1941: New York City premiere of “Citizen Kane” with a screenplay co-authored by Herman J. Mankiewicz and a score by Bernard Hermann.

1941: Thousands of Jews who had fought in the French Foreign Legion against Germany in 1940 are deported to slave-labor camps in the Sahara to build railroads.

1941(4th of Iyar, 5701): In Bucharest, Romania 120 Jews are slain in the streets during anti-Semitic violence

1941: Jewish cemeteries, synagogues, and businesses in Zagreb, Yugoslavia, are destroyed

1941: A concentration camp is established at Natzweiler, Alsace, Germany.

1941: Gross-Rosen, formerly a satellite camp of Sachsenhausen, Germany, becomes an independent camp.

1942(14th of Iyar, 5702): Pesach Sheni

1942: From today through the 31st of the month, more than 3600 Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto die of starvation. Nazis force their way into Jewish apartments in Warsaw, shoot and club the residents, and throw the bodies from windows.

1942: During May a slave-labor camp opens near Minsk, Belorussia.

1942: During May small groups of Jewish youths manage to escape into the woods outside Lida and Stolpce, towns in Belorussia.

1942: During May, in the Eastern Galicia region of Poland, Jews aged 14 to 60 are driven to isolated spots and killed by hand grenades and machine guns after being forced to dig their own graves. Other victims of this Aktioninclude orphans, residents of old-age homes, and women in the streets.

1942: During May inmates at Auschwitz-Birkenau are put to work as slave laborers at the camp itself and at a synthetic-oil and rubber plant at nearby Monowitz.

1942: During May, Jewish women at Auschwitz-Birkenau are selected for medical experiments. A Jewish inmate at a labor camp at Schwenningen, Germany, is buried in earth up to his shoulders as punishment for having an attack of diarrhea outside a barracks; after more than ten hours in the ground, the man dies.

1942: During May, a slave-labor camp opens at Maly Trostinets, Byelorussia

1942: During May in Holland, a collaborationist auxiliary police unit, Vrijwillige Hulp-Politie (Volunteer Auxiliary Police), is established. It is charged with the roundup of Dutch Jews for deportation to the East.

1942: During May, Communist Jews in Paris initiate organized armed resistance to the Nazi occupiers.

1942: During May, The Bund (Jewish Labor Organization of Poland) appeals to the Polish government-in-exile in London to persuade the Allied governments to warn the German government about the consequences of the murder of the Polish Jews. The Bund's appeal contains detailed information concerning the systematic mass murder of Jews. It reports that 700,000 Polish Jews have already been executed.

1942: In early May, 260 Luxembourg Jews, some of whom who had converted to Christianity, are sent to Chelmno.

1942: In early May, Jewish Council members at Bilgoraj, Poland, are executed after refusing to compile a list of candidates for deportation.

1942:  More than 1750 Jews are deported from Tripoli, Libya, to forced-labor sites at the Libyan cities of Benghazi, Homs, and Derna. Hundreds perish from heat and hunger, and others die during Allied bombings after being forbidden to use air-raid shelters

1942: In that part of North Africa occupied by the Axis Powers (Germany and Italy), 2600 Libyan Jews are deported to a forced-labor camp at Giado, Libya, to build roads for the military.

1942(14th of Iyyar, 5702): Approximately 1000 Jews are murdered at Dvinsk, Latvia. Only about 450 Jews are left in Dvinsk, down from 16,000 from the previous year.

1942: In its daily broadcast, Radio Orange issued a call to defy the order to wear the "Jewish star." During World War II, Radio Orange was the name given to the broadcasts by the Dutch government-in- exile which were carried by the B.B.C.

1942: Trucks began transporting the Jews out of the Dvinsk ghetto. Dvinsk was a town in the Baltic state of Latvia.  Before the war, there were 16,000 Jews living in Dvinks.  At the end of the war, only 500 had survived.

1943: “Lady of Burlesque” featuring J. Edward Bromberg and Pinky Lee was released today in the United States.

1943: SS-GruppenführerJürgen Stroop completes his official written chronicle of the liquidation of the Warsaw Ghetto which is entitled “The Stroop Report.”

1943: The first of four trains carrying nearly 11,000 Jews arrive at Auschwitz from Salonika, Greece. This would mark the next step in the end of this ancient Jewish community that lives on in their unique music including that which is used in chanting Psalm 118.

1943: The Axis send the first of what would total 5000 Sephardic Jews from Occupied Tunisia to labor camps near North African battle zones.

1943: The Warsaw Ghetto uprising had lasted eleven days.  By now, the Jews knew that the Polish Underground would not come to their aid.  The Jews fought on even as they awaited the inevitable. Among the those who died at this time were Abrasha Blum, an organizer of armed resistance in the Warsaw Ghetto and a member of the Coordinating Committee of Jewish Organizations> He was  shot by Germans after enduring confinement and torture

1943:  German Minister of Propaganda Joseph Goebbels, reacting to the Jewish Warsaw Ghetto revolt, notes in his diary: "Heavy engagements are being fought there which led even to the Jewish Supreme Command's issuing daily communiqués. Of course, this fun won't last very long. But it shows what is to be expected of the Jews when they are in possession of arms."

1943: Jewish writers and artists, inspired by the Warsaw Ghetto uprising, gather in the Vilna (Lithuania) Ghetto for an evening of poetry, with the hopeful theme "Spring in Yiddish Literature."

1943(26th of Nisan, 5703): Many members of the Jewish community in Brody, Ukraine, are killed at the Majdanek death camp.

1944: An internal memo from the United States Government War Refugee Board states that as of late March:  "All registered Jews in Athens are said to have been placed in a concentration camp; registered Jews from the provinces were subsequently added."

1944: An internal memo of this week from the United States Government War Refugee Board states that a small group of Jews in Greece claimed to be Portuguese nationals.

1944: Christian Wirth, SS-Sturmbannführer and commandant of the Belzec, Poland, death camp, is assassinated by partisans in Fiume, Yugoslavia.

1944: Starting today the Nazis begin the liquidation of the Lodz (Poland) Ghetto. 

1944(8th of Iyar, 5704): Itzhak Katzenelson and his son Zvi were murdered at Auschwitz. Born in 1886, he was a teacher, poet and dramatist.  His wife and two of his other sons had already been murdered at Treblinka.  Katznelson participated in the Warsaw Ghetto uprising and was one of the few survivors.  While being held at a detention in Vittel, France, he wrote the Yiddish epic poem “Song of the Murdered Jewish People” which he buried in bottles before being shipped to the death camp.  The Ghetto Fighters' House Holocaust and Jewish Resistance Heritage Museum in Israel, is named in his memory. For more about his epic work see http://motlc.wiesenthal.com/site/pp.asp?c=ivKVLcMVIsG&b=476157

1944(8th of Iyar, 5704): As mass deportations of Jews from Hungary to death camps begin, hundreds of Hungarian Jews at Sátoraljaújhely and Miskolc are shot after refusing to board trains destined for Auschwitz.

1944: Birthdate of Bronx native Robert “Bob” Mankoff the cartoon editor of The New Yorker magazine.



1944: Between today and the 31st of May, 33,000 Jews from Munkács, Hungary, are killed at Auschwitz.

1945:  After 68 months of war, just one of every ten of Poland's prewar Jewish population of 3.3 million is alive

1945(18th of Iyar, 5705): Lag B’Omer 

1945(18th of Iyar, 5705):  When a Jew in a group of laborers from the camp at Sonneberg, Germany, chanted and danced with joy upon word of Hitler's death, a “German guard calmly shot the man dead.”

1945: The concentration camp at Stutthof, Poland, is liberated by the Red Army. Just 120 inmates remain alive.

1945: Henry Krasucki, a survivor of Auschwitz and Buchenwald “celebrates” his May Day in Paris.

1945: The Death Marches to Mauthausen continued even as the U.S. Army approached, and even though Hitler committed suicide the prior day. The Jews were being marched to Mauthasan in Austria from the various death camps and concentration camps that had fallen in the wake of Allied and Soviet advances.  Hundred more Jews would die during the marches from exhaustion. Approximately 200,000 people were imprisoned at Mauthausen.  Not until May 3, would the Nazi guards give up and slip away trying to hide among the general mass of refugees.

1946(30th of Nisan, 5706: Rosh Chodesh Iyyar

1946(30th of Nisan, 5706): Former Jewish partisan leader and Red Army officer Eliyahu Lipszowicz is murdered by an anti-Semitic Pole at Legnica, Poland.

1946: In a draft of a letter to British Prime Minster Clement Atlee, Winston Churchill reiterated his belief in Partition as the only realistic was for settling the conflict in Palestine.

1946: The English-American Commission on the Jewish Refugee Problem in Europe recommended the immediate entry of 100,000 Jews into Eretz Israel. The British continued to maintain the blockade keeping the Jews out of Palestine.  It was at this time that Golda "proposed a hunger strike by fifteen Zionist leaders" as means of forcing the British to change their policy.  When the Mrs. Meir asked the head of the British government in Palestine if the hunger strike would make a difference he ask asked her,"...do you think for a moment that His Majesty's government will change its policy because you are not going to.  She replied, "No, I have no such illusions.  If the death of six million didn't change government policy, I don't expect that my not eating will do so.  But it at least it will be a mark of solidarity" with those Jews being turned away by the British military. 

1947: In Mexico City, Joseph Bekenstein, a carpenter, and the former Esther Vladaslavotsky, a homemaker, two Jewish immigrants from Poland who had met in Mexico during World War II gave birth to Jacob David Beckstein, the Michael Polak professor emeritus of theoretical physics at Hebrew University who “revolutionized the theory of Black Holes.”

1947: Leonard Bernstein introduces his "Jeremiah" symphony in the Edison Cinema in Jerusalem.

1948(22nd of Nisan, 5708): Eighth Day of Pesach and Shabbat

1948: “The Arabs opened a large scale attack on Ramot Naphtali in the northern hills near Lebanon.”  The settlement was the key to a Jewish victory in the Galilee.  If the Arabs could take the settlement, they would be able to keep the Palmach from sending reinforcements Safed.  In the end, the settlers held and Jewish forces were able to take control of Safed after an extremely difficult battle later in the month.

1948: Abba Eban makes his maiden speech in the U.N. General Assembly.

1948 (22 Nissan 5708): Israeli forces liberate the Qatamon neighborhood of Jerusalem.

1949:An article published in “Harefuah”, a medical journal published by the Israel Medical Association, described how Aaron Valero first observed the outbreak of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever in Palestine.

1950: In Tel Aviv, Israel Eldad and his wife gave birth to Professor Aryeh Eldad who combined medicine with a career in politics.

1950: Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion’s attempts to form a new government suffered a setback tonight when the executive committee of the General Zionist Party decided not to join the coalition.  The party, which is more conservative than those represented by the labor movement, had been offered the Commerce and Industry ministries as an enticement to join the new government but the leadership felt that Ben Gurion had not made a strong enough commitment to adopt some of their economic and educational reform policies.

1950: “South Pacific,” the famous musical by Rogers and Hammerstein wins the Pulitzer Prize as the best original American Play.

1950: “Double Confession” a crime film co-starring Peter Lorre and with music by Benjamin Frankel was released today in the United Kingdom.

1951: In “Hungary’s and Rumania’s Nazis-in-Red” Hitler’s Graduates Staff Stalin’s New Order” published today Bela Fabian described the emergence in Eastern Europe of former Nazis now enforcing the teachings of Karl Marx.

1953: Today, “£650 of the "Hungarian crown jewels collection" was stolen from” the antique shop belong to Esta or Esther Henry, who had been born at Newcastle-upon-Tyne in 1883 and passed away at Edinburgh in 1963

1954: U.S. premiere of “Flame and Flesh” directed by Richard Brooks, produced by Jose Pasternak with a screenplay by Helen Deutsch and with music by Nicholas Brodszky.

1954: J & W Seligman & Company celebrated two anniversaries today – the 90th anniversary of its founding and the 85th anniversary of its being listed on the New York Stock Exchange.

1955: Birthdate of Julien Mark Wiener “a former Australian cricketer who played in six Tests and seven one-day internationals from 1979 to 1980. A right-handed opening batsman and a very occasional off spin bowler, he is the only known Jewish Australian to represent his country at cricket…Wiener's mother and father, Vella and Sasha, were Polish and Austrian Jews respectively, and both escaped the concentration camps of Nazi Germany during the Holocaust. The surname Wiener came from Vienna, the home of Sasha. His parents married in 1947 in Paris, before coming to Australia as refugees on the famous Dunera ship in 1947. Wiener's father ran a successful textile business, which allowed him to send Wiener to the private Brighton Grammar School. Wiener's father had early sporting success in table tennis, which Wiener applied to his cricket, playing for Prahran in Melbourne grade cricket. He subsequently completed his university education at Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology in business management, before moving to England to pursue his cricket career.”

1955: A revival of “Guys and Dolls” starring Walter Matthau as “Nathan Detroit” came to an end at the New York City Center.

1956: The polio vaccine developed by Jonas Salk is made available to the public.  For all those who like to talk about greedy Jews, considering the following.  Salk refused to take out a patent on his vaccine.  Some things, he said, were more important than making money.

1956: “Bhowani Junction” a film version of the novel by the same name directed by George Cukor, produced by Pandro S. Berman, with a script co-authored by Sonya Levien and featuring Abraham Sofaer was released in the United States.

1956: Moshe Dayan, the Chief of Staff of the Israeli Defense Forces, made a speech at the funeral of a young settler, Ro'i Roitberg, killed in a clash with Palestinian infiltrators from the Gaza Strip

1957: “Desk Set” a comedic look at the installation of a computer in a major corporation produced by Henry Ephron who co-authored the script with Phoebe Ephron was released in the United States.

1958: “Fort Massacre” an “oater” produced by Walter Mirisch was released in the United States today.

1958: Birthdate of Ronen Shilo, the native of Nes Ziona, IDF veteran and Technion graduated who became the CEO of Conduit which in 2013 was Israel’s largest Internet company.


1959: Birthdate of Lawrence Seeff the Johannesburg native who was a South African First-class cricketer. “He played with Western Province and Transvaal and was one of the South African Cricket Annual's Cricketers of the Year in 1981. He opened the batting for Western Province with his brother Jonathan Seeff.”

1959: “The Young Land” with music by Dimitri Tiomkin who earned a nomination for Academy Award for Best Original Song for "Strange Are the Ways of Love"– the picture’s theme song – was released today.

1960(4th of Iyar, 5720): Yom HaZikaron

1961: In the U.K., premiere of “The Curse of the Werewolf” with music by Benjamin Frankel

1962:  Birthdate of actress Maia Morgenstern. A native of Bucharest, Morgenstern played the Virgin Mary in Mel Gibson’s The Passion of Christ.

1963(7th of Iyar, 5723): Seventy-four year old Elkan Cohn Voorsagner the Reform Rabbi who during WW I served in France with the American Expeditionary Force as the Senior Chaplain for the 77th Division earning a Purple Heart and the Distinguished Service Cross during the Battles of the Agonne, the Marne and Chateau Thierry passed away today

1964: The Center for Jewish History marked today as the beginning of the public movement for freeing Soviet Jewry.

1964(19th of Iyar, 5724): Sixty-six year old Aaron Nissenson, who came to United States from his native Russia in 1911, earned “a degree in pharmacy from Fordham” which he did not use turning instead to a life as “a poet, essayist, novelist and journalist working for The Jewish Morning Journal while being married “the former Kate Heller” with whom he had “a son, Herschel” passed away today.



1967:  Birthdate of Yael Arad Israel, an Israeli judoka who won a silver medal at the Barcelona Olympics in 1992.

1967:” Welcome to Hard Times,” a film based on a novel by E. L. Doctorow” produced by Max E. Youngstein was released today in the United States.

1967: The Pulitzer Prize was awarded to Bernard Malamud for his novel, The Fixer.  Born in 1914, Malamud wanted to be thought of as great writer, not just a great Jewish writer.  In other words, even though he often used Jewish themes and motifs, he was writing about the human condition.  The success of The Natural, a book about a baseball player was an example of that desire. "Malamud explicated the tragic role of the Jew in many of his stories, including The Fixer (1966), which won the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize, and later was adapted into a motion picture. That novel was based on the true story of Mendel Beilis, victim of the Kiev Blood Libel of 1913."  He passed away in 1986.

1968(3rd of Iyar, 5728): Yom HaZikaron

1968: “The Vengeance of She” filmed by cinematographer Wolf Suschitzky was released in the United States today.

1969: Nasser repudiated the cease fire agreement with Israel

1969: Fifty seven year old theatrical lighting Jean Rosenthal who was responsible for “lighting up” such hits as Cabaret and Fiddler on the Roof passed away today.



1970(25th of Nisan, 5730): Seventy-nine year old Maurice Sanditen,
the founder and board chairman of OTASCO passed away today in Tulsa, OK.


1971(6th of Iyar, 5731): Parashat Metzora

1971(6th of Iyar, 5731): Sixty-eight year old Dr. Maurice Levine, the Chairman of the Department of Psychiatry at his undergraduate alma mater the University of Cincinnati passed away today.



1972: Julie and Adolph Marx Oppenheimer gave birth Laura Oppenheimer

1973(29th of Nisan, 5733): Ninety-four year old Goodman Lipkind, the London rabbi who served several American congregations in Milwaukee, St. Louis and Schenectady, NY passed away today at Long Beach, NY.

1974(9th of Iyar, 5734): George Backer, the former editor of the New York Post and Democrat Party leader passed away today.


1975(20thof Iyar, 5735): Sixty-nine year old Philadelphia born attorney turned bridge who with his wife Margery Golder formed “The Top Married Bridge Team” passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/1975/05/02/archives/charles-j-solomon-dies-at-69-won-7-national-bridge-titles-donated.html

1978(24thof Nisan, 5738): Seventy-five year old New York City born and St. Lawrence College trained labor lawyer Robert Abelow, a partner in the firm of Weil, Gosthael and Magnes and the editor of “The Employee Relations Law Journal” who was the husband of “the former Miriam Steinbrink” and a son-in-law of New York State Supreme Court Justice Meyer Steinbrink” passed away today.


1979(4th of Iyar, 5739): Yom HaZikaron

1979: Elton John became the first pop star to perform in Israel.

1981(27th of Nisan, 5741): Yom HaShoah

1981: President Ronald Reagan issued a proclamation today declaring the week starting on May 3, 1981 as Jewish Heritage Week. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=43771#axzz1Kxu92zHU

1983: “Past That Stay Present” includes a review of Points of Departure by Israeli Poet and Holocaust Survivor Dan Pagis.


1983: George and Ira Gershwin’s “My One and Only” opened on Broadway at the St. James Theatre” today.

1983(18th of Iyar, 5743): Lag B’Omer

1983(18th of Iyar, 5743): Eighty-two year old Manhattan native and NYU trained historian, Dr. Minna R. Falk, the first woman to become a full professor of history at New York University, passed away today at Mount Sinai Hospital.



1985: Today, the American Jewish World Service (AJWS) was established in Boston when Larry Phillips and Larry Simon, together with a group of rabbis, Jewish communal leaders, activists, businesspeople, scholars and others came together to create the first American Jewish organization dedicated to alleviating poverty, hunger and disease among people across the globe.

1985: Showtune which was originally titled Tune the Grand Up, and premiered today as a cabaret production at The 1177 Club in the Gramercy Towers on Nob Hill in San Francisco. “Showtune is an internationally popular Off Broadway musical revue celebrating the words and music of Broadway composer Jerry Herman. Its title was inspired by Herman's autobiography of the same name.”

1987: Birthdate of Shahar Pe'er, Israeli female professional tennis player.

1987: Pope John Paul II beatified Sister Teresa Benedicta of the Cross.  Born Edith Stein, she became a Carmelite nun.  She was arrested by the Nazis in Holland when the Germans were rounding up Jews who converted to Catholicism.  She was gassed at Auschwitz.  For those who question the role of the Pope during the Holocaust, the fate of Edith Stein, and others who had converted to Catholicism before World War II, raises an interesting dilemma.  There are those who can understand why the Pope did not move to save the Jews, but wonder why he did not move to save Jews who had become Catholics.  In the end, did he not consider them real Catholics?  This is something for use to ponder at this season of the year which often coincides with Yom Hashoah.

1987: It was reported today that Israel’s governing coalition “was under strain” as deal with proposals for an international peace conference and “the Israeli investigation in the Jonathan Jay Pollard spy case.”

1988: Final broadcast of season six Family Ties the sitcom created by Gary David Goldberg.

1989(26th of Nisan, 5749): Eight-nine year old New York native and CCNY graduate Max Gewirtz, the holder of a Masters from Teachers College at Columbia and Doctorate from NYU who retired as an assistant superintended “of a district in Queens in 1961 and became “head of a religious school at Temple Israel in Lawrence, L.I. passed away today.


1990: At an Arab summit meeting held in Baghdad, President Saddam Hussein of Iraq threatens to use "weapons of total destruction" in response to an Israeli attack against Arabs. The main item on the summit agenda is immigration of Soviet Jews to Israel, which is denounced as a grave threat to Arab security. Syria and four other Arab states do not attend the meeting.

1990: Greece establishes full diplomatic relations with Israel.

1990: Opening night of the Israel Film Festival attended by two of the most famous mayors in Jewish history - Teddy Kollek and Ed Koch

1991: A production of “King Lear” directed by Nicholas Hytner opened at the Barbican Theatre.

1994: Israeli and PLO delegates opened a final round of talks in Cairo leading to an agreement on PLO self-rule.  The resulting entity, the Palestine Authority would sink under the weight of Arafat’s corruption and unwillingness to do the things necessary to create a viable, responsible government. 

1996(12th of Iyar, 5756): Asher Wallfish journalist for the Jerusalem Post passed away at the age of 67

1996: In “Moises Ville Journal: Sun Has Set on Jewish Gauchos, but Legacy Lives,” Calvin Sims describes the fate of Argentina’s rural Jews.


1996: During today’s playoff game, The New York Knicks “observed a moment of silence” in memory of  Dora Sudarsky, broadcaster Bill Mazer’s  wife of 50 years who had passed away on April 28.

1997:The Jerusalem Post reported that the sentenced American spy, Jonathan Pollard, petitioned the Israeli High Court of Justice to order the Prime Minister to declare that he had been an agent of Israel. Pollard also requested a temporary injunction ordering the Government of Israel to reveal who had been in charge of his case and what steps had been taken to secure his release from the American prison. The petition queried the official Israeli position, according to which Pollard had been part of a rogue operation. It called for a temporary injunction outlining what he was paid for his services. The High Court issued a temporary injunction, apparently at the request of the security services, forbidding the publication of Pollard's petition. This ban was lifted following an appeal by the "Yediot Aharonot" newspaper.

1997:The Jerusalem Post reported that Mr. Norman Spector assumed the post of the President and Publisher of The Jerusalem Post.

1997: The transfer of the ownership of The Chattanooga Times from the four grandchildren of Adolph S. Ochs, who bought the paper in 1878 and remained its publisher until 1935, to his 13 great-grandchildren is scheduled to be completed today.

1997: “The Return of Tobias” oil on canvas by Benjamin Ulmann was sold today. A French Alsatian Jew born in 1829 he was a pupil of Michel Martin Drolling and of François-Édouard Picot.  He passed away in 1884.

1997: Laborite Greville Wan Janner completed his service as a Member of Parliament for Leicester West.

1998: In the U.K., premiere of “Sliding Doors” produced by Sydney Pollack and starring Gwyneth Paltrow.

1999: Three Ring, a filly owned by Barry K. Schwartz, finished ran out of the money in today’s Kentucky Derby.

2000: Palestinian prisoners being held in Israeli jails begin a hunger strike to draw attention to their poor conditions.

2000: In Los Angeles, premiere of “Gladiator” a film about the decline of the Roman Empire with music by Hans Zimmer

2000: Funeral services are scheduled to be held today for ninety-five year old Abraham “Goldie” Goldberg, the husband Rose Goldberg, the father of Muriel Ginsberg and the founder of the “Fraser-Gold Carpet Corporation in Manhattan.”

2000:After almost seventeen months in prison, the trial of the 13 Jews opened in the Revolutionary Court in Shiraz. Hearings were held every Monday and Wednesday until May 29. The thirteen defendants were brought to the courtroom in shifts over the five-week trial.

2001(8th of Iyar, 5671): Eighty-six year old Theodore Wilentz, the co-founder with his brother of iconic Eighth Street Bookshop passed away today.


2001: The annual meeting of the International Catholic-Jewish Liaison Committee opened today in New York.

2001: Former government intern Chandra Levy disappears.

2002: Doubleday published Man Walks Into a Room, “the first novel by American author Nicole Krauss.”

2002: Yasser Arafat's five-month imprisonment in his Ramallah headquarters draws to an end as the Palestinians hand over six high-profile prisoners to Anglo-American custody.

2003: “Schools closed, airports shut down, and practically all public services ground to a halt today as 700,000 workers began an open-ended strike to protest spending cuts and mass firings proposed by Israel's finance minister, Benjamin Netanyahu.” (As reported by Greg Myre)

2004: Noa (Achinoam Nini) and Gil Dor, together with the noted Israeli rhythm and dance troupe Mayumana, gave a joint performance between the two final games of the Euroleague basketball championship, broadcast to thousands of television viewers around the world.

2004: Maccabi Tel Aviv crushes Italy's Skipper Bologna 118-74 to become European champions for the fourth time in the club’s history.

2004: Rabbi Sir Jonathan Henry Sacks begins serving as Rabbi and Spiritual Leader, Western Marble Arch Synagogue London.

2005 22nd of Nisan, 5765): 8th day of Pesach

2005: Stanley Fisher began serving as Governor of the Bank of Israel.

2005: A Broadway revival of David Mamet’s Pulitzer Prize winning drama “Glengarry Glen Ross” opened today at the Bernard B. Jacobs Theatre with Liev Schreiber in the role of “Roma.”

2005 22nd of Nisan, 5765): Rene Rivkin an Australian entrepreneur, investor, investment adviser, and stockbroker passed away. He was a well-known stockbroker in Australia for many years until his conviction for insider trading.

2005: The New York Observer features a review of “The Treehouse: Eccentric Wisdom From My Father on How to Live, Love, and See” by Naomi Wolfe

2005: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or special interest to Jewish readers including Soldiers and Slaves: American POWs Trapped by the Nazis' Final Gamble by Roger Cohen, Given Up For Dead: American GI's in the Nazi Concentration Camp at Berga by Flint Whitlock and the recently released paperback editions of Conspirator by Michael Andre Bernstein and Madame Secretary by Madeline Albright with Bill Woodward, an “insightful memoir that focuses as much on Albright’s voyage of personal discovery (she belatedly learned of her Jewish heritage) as on her years as President Clinton's secretary of state.”

2006: First episode of “The Perfect Home” a television series based on The Architecture of Happiness by Alain de Botton, the scion of a prominent Egyptian Jewish family that was forced to flee to Switzerland.

2007: Hilary Koprowski was awarded the Albert Sabin Gold Medal by the Sabin Vaccine Institute in Baltimore.  Koprowski was one of three Jews (the others being Salk and Sabin) who played a key role in developing a vaccine against polio.)

2007(13th of Iyar, 5767): Eighty-eight year old Dr. Clemens E. Prokesch passed away today.


2007: “Secretary-General of Labor Party, Minister Eitan Cabel announced today that he was resigning from the government, following the conclusions of the Winograd Commissions.”
2007:  May is celebrated as Jewish Heritage Month by proclamation of the President of the United States.

2008: Judge Robert D. Sack “was awarded the Federal Bar Council's Learned Hand Medal for excellence in federal jurisprudence” oday.

2008: “Brothers: Rahm Emanuel and His Family” published today looks at the lives and accomplishments of Rahm, Zeke and Ari.


2008: In New York City, PEN World Voices, a festival of international literature presentsConversations Between A. B. Yehoshua and Leon Wieseltier”an event during which “Yehoshua discusses a lifetime in literature, fact in fiction, writing politics and atonement with Leon Wieseltier, Literary Editor of The New Republic and author of Kaddish.”

2008:Local elections are held in Great Britain. Community organizations have come together to encourage the British Jewish community to vote in these local elections being held across the country because of a fear of gains that could be made by for the ultra-nationalist British National Party (BNP). The Board of Deputies of British Jews - working with the London Jewish Forum and Community Security Trust - had launched a new campaign, with the slogan, "Your Voice or Theirs," to raise awareness of the importance of first registering to vote and then voting in the May 1 local elections. The BNP has enjoyed some electoral success which alarms the Jewish community as well as ant-fascists organizations and other minority groups.  BNP literature is described as anti-Semitic and the party is viewed by some as latter day Nazis.

2008 (26th of Nisan): Yom Hashoah – Eastern Iowa observes Holocaust Remembrance Day. In Cedar Rapids The Holocaust Memorial Fund (created and endowed by Dr. David and Joan Thaler) and the Jewish-Christian Dialogue are sponsoring Yom Hashoah Service at Westminster Presbyterian Church at 7:00 pm.Rabbi Stephanie Alexander will be the speaker. In Iowa City, in recognition of Holocaust Remembrance Day, theTimofeyev Ensemble will be celebrating the achievements of Eastern European Jewry by putting on a free Klezmer concert at the Art Building West. Nearly lost, the music was rediscovered in the seventies and is now thriving in Europe and America. The UI student band,Kosher Tom, will also be performing.

2009: In Alexandria, Va., Pulitzer Prize-winning illustrator Jules Feifferreads and discusses “Which Puppy” a children’s picture book he recently co-authored with his daughter Kate.

2009:The American Society for Jewish Music and the American Jewish Historical Society present a lecture by Rabbi Jeffrey A. Summit of Tufts University entitled “The Participating Observer: Fieldwork in Jewish Settings.”

2009: Mike Brown, one of the few Jews in the NHL “was ejected from Game 1 of the Western Conference Semi-finals after a questionable hit on then-Detroit Red Wings forward Jiří Hudler, who was left dazed and bloodied on the ice.”

2009: In an article entitled “Roosevelt and the Jews: A Debate Rekindled,” Patricia Cohen reviews Refugees and Rescue: The Diaries’ and papers of James G. McDonald, 1935-1945.

2009(12thof Iyar, 5769): Sam Cohn, whose nearly endless client roster of top actors, writers and directors and imaginative engineering of deals for them made him the most powerful talent broker in theater and film during the 1970s and 1980s and a progenitor of the Hollywood superagent passed away today at the age of 79. (As reported by Bruce Weber)

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/07/arts/07cohn.html?_r=0&pagewanted=print

2010: Jewish American Heritage began today as proclaimed by President Barak Obama. The proclamation read as follows:

In 1883, the Jewish American poet Emma Lazarus composed a sonnet, entitled “The New Colossus,” to help raise funds for erecting the Statue of Liberty.  Twenty years later, a plaque was affixed to the completed statue, inscribed with her words:  “Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free….”  These poignant words still speak to us today, reminding us of our Nation’s promise as a beacon to all who are denied freedom and opportunity in their native lands. Our Nation has always been both a haven and a home for Jewish Americans.  Countless Jewish immigrants have come to our shores seeking better lives and opportunities, from those who arrived in New Amsterdam long before America’s birth, to those of the past century who sought refuge from the horrors of pogroms and the Holocaust.  As they have immeasurably enriched our national culture, Jewish Americans have also maintained their own unique identity.  During Jewish American Heritage Month we celebrate this proud history and honor the invaluable contributions Jewish Americans have made to our Nation. The Jewish American story is an essential chapter of the American narrative.  It is one of refuge from persecution; of commitment to service, faith, democracy, and peace; and of tireless work to achieve success.  As leaders in every facet of American life—from athletics, entertainment, and the arts to academia, business, government, and our Armed Forces—Jewish Americans have shaped our Nation and helped steer the course of our history.  We are a stronger and more hopeful country because so many Jews from around the world have made America their home. Today, Jewish Americans carry on their culture’s tradition of “tikkun olam”—or “to repair the world”—through good deeds and service.  As they honor and maintain their ancient heritage, they set a positive example for all Americans and continue to strengthen our Nation. NOW, THEREFORE, I, BARACK OBAMA, President of the United States of America, by virtue of the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, do hereby proclaim May 2010 as Jewish American Heritage Month.  I call upon all Americans to observe this month with appropriate programs, activities, and ceremonies to celebrate the heritage and contributions of Jewish Americans. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this thirtieth day of April, in the year two thousand ten, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and thirty-fourth.

[Editor’s Note: … President Obama has made a subtle, symbolic gesture that some would say demonstrates uncommon sensitivity to the Jewish community. Thanks to the New Jersey Jewish News for this story, which reports that President Obama removed the standard phrase “in the year of our Lord” from a proclamation welcoming May as Jewish Heritage Month. As the newspaper reports, previous similar proclamations — by Obama, George Bush, and Bill Clinton — all included the standard line affixed at the end, pegging the missive’s date to the birth of Jesus Christ … Obama, in praising Jews for their unique contributions to American culture, took the extra step of taking it out this time. This may not sit well with “the our-country-is-a-Christian-nation crowd” and it may seem like a small thing, but it shows a certain level of sensitivity if not outright political courage. There are those who think that Jewish community should be more outspoken in acknowledging this, and in voicing appreciation.”]

2010: At The Library of Congress an exhibition entitled “Herblock!" highlighting the life and works of the great political cartoonist is scheduled to come to a close.

2010 A Secret, a film adapted from the award-winning autobiographical novel by Philippe Grimbert, is scheduled to be shown tonight at the Northern Virginia International Jewish Film Festival.

2010: In “Death on the Baltic” published today, Jeremy Elias described an eyewitness account of the sinking of the Cape Arcona.

http://www.jpost.com/Magazine/Features/Death-on-the-Baltic

2010: Achinoam Nini, the world famous Israeli performer known as Noa, is scheduled to appear in concert tonight at East Brunswick (NJ) Performing Arts Center.

2011: The Cedar Rapids community is scheduled to mark Yom Hashoah with “”Lest We Forget,” A Service in Memory of the Victims of the Shoah sponsored by  The Jewish Christian Dialogue Group and The Thaler Holocaust Memorial Foundation. (See The Story of History which provides background information on the Thaler Holocaust Memorial Fund which was co-founded by David and Joan Tahler)

2011: Yeshiva University Museum is scheduled to present “Growing Up Jewish in Montreal” a panel discussion during which “four distinguished scholars reflect on their formative years in one of North America's most vibrant Jewish communities.”

2011: “Recipes Remembered: A Celebration of Survival” by June Feiss Hersh  is scheduled to go on sale today at the Museum of Jewish Heritage.

2011: A memorial service for Maj. Gen. Orde Wingate, who trained members of the Haganah, is scheduled to take place today at the Arlington National Cemetery.  The ceremony is being held under the auspices of the Jewish War Veterans Association of the United States of America.

2011: Reform Judaism’s flagship social justice conference, the Religious Action Center’s Consultation on Conscience is scheduled to open in Washington, DC.

2011: Start of Jewish American Heritage Month

2011: The New York Times featured reviews of book by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including “Money and Power: How Goldman Sachs Came to Rule the World”  by William D. Cohan, “Iphigenia in Forest Hills: Anatomy of a Murder Trial” by Janet Malcolm that is set against a backdrop of the “Bukharin Jewish immigrant community in Queens” and  the recently released paperback edition of  “Crossing Mandelbaum Gate Coming of Age Between the Arabs and Israelis, 1956-1978” by Kai Bird

2011: The March of the Living participants are scheduled to visit Auschwitz on Yom Hashoah, Holocaust Remembrance Day, on May 1, to commemorate the Nazi murder of 6 million Jews and to pledge to fight intolerance and prejudice in the future.

2011(27th of Nisan): Yom Hashoah – observance of the holiday will take place in many places tomorrow “to avoid adjacency with Shabbat).

2011(27th of Nisan, 5771): Moshe Landau, the fifth president of the Supreme Court and an Israel Prize laureate, died on today, only two days after his 99th birthday, and 50 years after presiding at the trial of Adolf Eichmann.



2011: The 6 million Jews murdered by the Nazis during the Holocaust will be honored at ceremonies held across Israel this evening, the start of Holocaust and Heroism Remembrance Day. President Shimon Peres, Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu, IDF Chief of General Staff Lt.-Gen. Benny Gantz and other dignitaries will attend the official state ceremony at Yad Vashem. This year, the central theme of the ceremony will be Fragments of Memory: The Faces Behind the Documents, Artifacts and Photographs, a campaign launched by the Holocaust museum aimed at collecting and preserving documents so that future generations may learn about the genocide of the Jewish people by the Nazis from first-hand sources. During the ceremony, six Holocaust survivors will light torches in memory of those who suffered under Nazi persecution before and during World War II. Yona Fuchs, whose nickname is Janek, will be among the honorees at the event. In 1942 he escaped from a concentration camp and found work as a translator for a German company in Kiev. In that capacity he managed to save over a dozen Jews by recruiting them as workers for his employers. Later, he evaded arrest by posing as a German soldier. He arrived in British-controlled Palestine in 1944, fought in the War of Independence and settled in Haifa. He has 14 grandchildren.

2011: After 443 performances a revival of Jerry Herman’s “La Cage aux Folles” came to a close.



2011: Israel's new Police Commissioner Yohanan Danino was sworn in today, replacing David Cohen, who served in the post for four years.  Danino was formerly the head of the Israel Police investigations and intelligence branch, and comes to the commissioner's chair from his last posting as the commander of the Southern District Police.

2011: Distinguished composer Gilbert Levine, whose grandparents emigrated from Poland and whose mother-in-law was a survivor of Auschwitz, will be among the hundreds of thousands of people converging on the Vatican for the beatification of Pope John Paul II. (As reported by Ruth Ellen Gerber)

2011: Osama Bin Laden was killed by U.S. Navy Seals a compound in the Pakistani city of Abbottabad.

2011: As part of its Yom HaShoah observance,  in Hollywood, Temple Israel’s newly established arts council invited community members to join the jury at a mock trial of Rudolph Kastner (As reported by Johan Lowenfeld.

2012: Israeli photographer Gil Cohen-Magen is scheduled to deliver a lecture entitled “Hassidic Courtyards: A Photographic Study of the Ultra-Orthodox Community in Israel” at the JCC of Northern Virginia.

2012: Robert Caro’s The Passage of Power, the award winning fourth volume in his multi-volume biography about Lyndon Johnson was released today.

2012: “Kafka’s Last Story” is scheduled to be shown at the Westchester Jewish Film Festival.

2012:  Rabbi Ed Cohn and Canto Joel Colman officiated at the graveside services for Inge Elsas, holocaust survivor, Temple Sinai Sunday School teacher and pillar of the New Orleans Jewish community.

2012: Start of Jewish American Heritage Month

2012: Thirty-one year old Daniel Timerman, the son of Jacobo Timerman “was sentenced today to 35 days in jail for refusing to serve with the Israeli Army in Lebanon.”

2013: The 36th International Convention of the World Union for Progressive Judaism is scheduled to open in Jerusalem.

2013: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to presents “The Quest for Justice in the Postwar Jewish Community - Function and Role of Honor Courts in the Displaced Persons Camps.”

2013: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to co-host “Guernica – Bravery and Gender in Confessional Writing.

2013: Today “Scholastic published Gorgeous, Paul Rudnick's first young adult novel” which “Publishers Weekly, in a starred review, said that the book included "writing that's hilarious, profane and profound (often within a single sentence.)"

2013: In a case of “the East” meets the Jews, Iron Man 3, based on a creation of Stan Lee, Don Heck, Larry Lieber and Jack Kirby and co-starring Gwyneth Paltrow opened in China today.

2013: Gravestones and bones from an ancient Turkish Jewish cemetery were unearthed during construction work.The remains in the Turkish city of Izmir were found more than 20 feet below the ground, during construction work on an underground tunnel, the Hurriyet Daily News reported today.

2013: Israel needs to reach peace with the Palestinians to prevent becoming a bi-national state, Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu said today, stressing – however – that the core of Israel's conflict with the Palestinians is not territory, but a Palestinian unwillingness to recognize Israel's legitimacy within any boundaries.

2013: Start of Jewish American Heritage Month


2014(1st of Iyar, 5774): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

2014: “The White Rose Exhibit” which commemorates the work of one of the few genuine resistance movements in Nazi Germany is scheduled to open at the College of Public of Health of the University of Iowa.

2014: Washington Hebrew Congregation is scheduled to host Adam Mendelsohn of the College of Charleston, whose book Jews and the Civil War: A Reader(co-edited with Jonathan D. Sarna) was published in 2010 speaking on “Beyond the Battlefield: The Legacy of the Civil War for America’s Jews.”

2014: “The Prime Minister: The Pioneers” is scheduled to be shown at the Lenore Marwil Jewish Film Festival in West Bloomfield, Michigan.

2014: American Jewish Heritage Month opens with a special tribute to the American Joint Distribution Committee that is celebrating its centennial anniversary.

2014:  “According to figures released today by the Central Bureau of Statistics” the population of Israel now “stands at 8.18 million people.”

2014: “The news website actualitte.com reported today a 15th century printed book of the Torah fetched a record 3.87 million dollars at an auction in Paris.”


2014(1st of Iyar, 5774): Assi Dayan passed away today.


2015: Fred Spiegel author of Once the Acacias Bloomed: Memories of a Childhood Lost is scheduled to speak at the US Holocaust Memorial Museum.

2015: Following riots in Maryland’s largest city, “fourteen rabbis in the Baltimore region joined a rally and march for ‘police reform and justice for Freddie Gray.’”

2015: The second performance of the Israel Story is scheduled to place UnionDocs in Brooklyn.

2015: Lewis Black is scheduled to perform in Atlanta, GA.

2015: “Amy Winehouse: A Family Portrait,” is scheduled to come to a close at Beit Hatfutsot.


2015: In an attempt to placate its Arab allies, it was reported today that the United States was considering selling F-35 to the United Arab Emirates which would threaten Israel’s qualitative edge in any future war with Arab states.

2015: Opening of Jewish American Heritage Month


2016(23rd of Nisan, 5776): Eighty-three year old Johns Hopkins and Harvard mathematician Solomon W. Golomb whose wide ranging intellect led to create new games while helping to usher in “the digital age” passed away today in Los Angeles. (I will not even pretend to understand what he accomplished so I offer the following.)







2016: The New York Times features books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Continental Divide: A History of American Mountaineering by Maurice Isserman and A Rage for Order: The Middle East In Turmoil From Tahrir Square to ISIS by Robert F. Worth.

2016: In Coralville, Iowa, Agudas Achim is scheduled to host the 6th annual Concert of Commemoration featuring the Lysander Piano Trio whose members are Itamar Zorman, Michael Katz and Liza Stepanova.

2016: Today marks the start of Jewish American Month which was created by a Congressional resolution and Presidential proclamation making May Jewish American Heritage Month.

2016: The Jewish Historical Society of Delaware is scheduled to hold its annual meeting in Wilmington where it “will special tribute to Toni Young, the woman ‘who wrote the book’ on Delaware Jewish History.”

2016: “Saving a Legacy: Jewish Cultural Reconstruction in Buffalo, NY,” an exhibit about Holocaust Ceremonial Objects that came to Buffalo in the 1950s created by the Jewish Buffalo Archives Project is scheduled to open this afternoon at Temple Beth Zion

2017: Opening of Jewish American Heritage Month as proclaimed by President Trump.



2017(5th of Iyar, 5777): Yom HaZikaron – Remembering the “23,544 members of Israel’s security forces who died while in active service”


2017(5th of Iyar, 5777): Eighty-four Stan Weston “the Godfather of G.I. Joe” passed away today (As reported by Richard Sandomir)


2017: Ninety year old defense lawyer Gustave Newman passed away today. (As reported by Sam Roberts)




2017: At Touro College in Brooklyn Henry Abramson is scheduled to lecture on “Nahmanides: The Ramban.”

2017: As part of its celebration of Israeli Independence Day, Rabbi Shalom Hammer, who served in the Chaplaincy of the IDF is scheduled to lecture on “What are we Fighting For” at the Greenpoint Shul.

2017: FFI-LEHI is scheduled to hold its annual Memorial Day ceremonies today.


2018: The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to host “a discussion based Jewish Women’s Aid’s new ‘Safer Dating’ initiative.”

2018; The Temple Emanu-El Steicker Center is scheduled to host “Making Peace in the Kitchen.”

2018: In the United States, May is officially Jewish Heritage Month

2018: “Previously unseen Dead Sea Scroll fragments, which had been stored in cigar boxes since archaeologists unearthed them in the 1950s, were identified and unveiled at an international conference today in honor of the 70th anniversary of the scrolls’ discovery in Jerusalem. (As reported by Amanda Borschel-Dan


2019: Following yesterday’s swearing in ceremony that marked the start of the new session of the Knesset, MK’s will get down to business and see how much power smaller parties have “to impose their will, even if it means going against the popular opinion on certain issues.”

2019: Just two days after the funeral of Lori Gilbert Kaye, Jewish American Heritage Month is scheduled to begin today.


2019: In Iowa, this evening Rabbis Barton, Jacobson and Kaufman are scheduled to officiate at the Community Yom Hashoah event sponsored by the Jewish Federation of Greater Des Moines,

2019: In the evening, start of observance of Yom Hashoah


2019: Rabbi Deborah Silver is scheduled to officiate at the funeral of 84 year old Rosalyn Nina Allison, the New Yorker who made New Orleans her adopted home where she was a member of Shir Chadash Conservative Congregation.

2020: Temple Emanu-El and Temple Israel of the City of New York are scheduled to host “A special virtual Shabbat service celebrating Israel’s 72nd Independence Day” including greetings by Ambassador Dani Dayan, “renowned singer Shulamit “Shuli” Natan performing Jerusalem of Gold, Aibi Levi, a paratrooper who helped liberate the Western Wall in 1967 and Fanny Kirsch, the first Jew born in the Old City after its liberation from Jordan.”

2020: The Vilna Shul, “Boston’s Center for Jewish Culture” is scheduled to host “The Sarajevo Haggadah and People of the Book” an interactive discussion of Geraldine Brooks’ 2008 historical novel led by “author and historian Carol Cohen.”

2020: Jewish American Heritage Month is scheduled to begin today.


2020: Low-cost European carrier Wizz Air is scheduled to resume some flights from Luton Airport today including those to Tel Aviv, Israel.

2020: The Streicker Center is scheduled to host “You Don’t Look Your Age and Other Fairy Tales” a virtual presentation by Sheila Nevins.













This Day, May 2, In Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb Levin Z"L

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May 2

373: “Bishop Athanasius of Alexandria…aggressive opponent of Arianism and polemicist against Judaism died today.” 

693: The Sixteenth Council of Toledo, which had opened on April 25, met for the last time. Among its other accomplishments, the council took further steps in the on-going, ever more vicious, suppression of the Jews by the Christian Visigoth. The law code, which granted “tax freedom to Jewish conversos” now transferred the tax obligation to Jews who had not converted. Also, the council ruled that “converts were allowed to trade with Christians, but not until” they had proven themselves “by recitation of creeds and eating of non-kosher food. The council also enacted penalties against Christians who entered into business transactions “with unconverted or unproven Jews.”

907: King Boris I of Bulgaria died. At the time of his death, Boris was actually a monk having abdicated his throne in 889.  During his reign, Bulgaria continued to provide a refuge for Jews fleeing from Byzantine persecution.  According to some reports, there was an attempt to convert the pagan Bulgars to Judaism. True or not, Christianity would become the state religion. 

1108 (20th of Iyar, 4868): Solomon Ibn-Farussal was murdered shortly before the forces of Islam defeated the Christians at the battle of Ucles.  Yehuda Halevi composed an elegy upon hearing of Ibn-Farrusal’s murder. Ibn-Farussal reportedly was “in the service of a Christian prince” who had sent him as an emissary to the Spanish city of Murcia. The “Christian prince” may well have been Alfonso VII, the monarch who led the Spaniards to defeat at Ucles.

1160: In the Montpellier region of southern France, an agreement was concluded according to which every priest who stirred up the people against the Jews should be excommunicated.  The Jews in return pledged to pay four pounds of silver every year on Palm Sunday

1194: In one his first acts after returning from his imprisonment in Austria, King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter.  The Jews had paid a disproportionate share of that ransom. The 5,000 marks the Jews were compelled to pay was triple that paid by the citizens of London. There is no record of any Jews having lived in Portsmouth during the Middle Ages, though there were a scattered few in nearby Bosham, Chichester and Southampton, and an important community in Winchester. The first Portsmouth Jews, attracted by the opportunity of trading with the fast-growing Royal Navy in its home port and possibly by a sense of kinship with the new German-speaking monarchs of these isles, settled in Oyster Street in the 1730s - Jacob Thulman signed in Hebrew in the Borough Sessions in 1736 - but soon moved out of Old Portsmouth to Portsea, in the heart of the city’s commercial district. The first recorded mention of a Jewish community in Portsmouth is the purchase of the thousand-year lease of a plot of land by Lazy Lane (now Fawcett Road) for use as a Jews’ burial ground in December 1749. The lessees were Benjamin Levi (engraver), Mordechai Samuel (jeweler), Lazarus Moses (chapman) and Mordechai Moses (chapman). Fawcett Road cemetery was still in use until it became full in the early 1990s. [Editor’s Note-The word “chapman” probably meant that these men were merchants or peddlers.]

1293(17th of Iyar, 5053):  Rabbi Meir of Rothenberg passed away. The last of the Tosophists, he was the leading Rabbi in Germany. Convinced that there was no future in Germany, he agreed to lead a large contingent of families to Eretz-Israel. While waiting for the other families, he was seized by the Bishop of Basel. The Emperor ordered him held in prison as a lesson to any of "his Jews" who would try to leave Germany and thus cause him a financial loss. He refused to be ransomed, saying that it would serve as an impetus for further extortion's. He died in a prison near Colmar, and his body was held there until it was ransomed some years later.



1352: In Nuremburg, “Vischlein the son of Masten, Semelin the son of Nathan of Grefenberg, and Jacob the son-in-law of Liebetraut appeared before the council requesting to be received again as citizens, declaring that, in return, they would remit all debts the citizens owed them and would sell all houses held in pawn; they agreed to settle only where the citizens permitted, and asked merely to be protected against the nobility.

1481: The Pope called upon all Christian princes to send back to Spain the Jews who had fled from the Inquisition.

1605: Massacre of the Jewish community of Bisenz, Austria.

1611: King James Bible is published for the first time in London, England, by printer Robert Barker.  For many Jews (as well as non-Jews) the language of the King James Bible is the only version of the TaNaCh they know.

1634(Iyar 4): Jacob Bassevi of Treuenberg, the “court Jew” who provided financial assistance to Rudolph II, Matthias and Ferdinand II  who used his influence to protect the Jews of the Holy Roman Empire and Italy passed away

1649: Solomon Franco, reportedly the first Jew to live in the “North American colonies” today “was given funds for passage to sail from Boston to Holland because the Puritans of the General Court in Massachusetts did not want him in their colony but apparently the English had no problem with him living after he “converted to Anglicanism” in 1688, the same year in which he published Truth Springing Out of the Earth “a royalist panegyric dedicated to King Charles II.”

https://lib.ugent.be/catalog/rug01:001602753

https://books.google.com/books/about/Truth_springing_out_of_the_earth.html?id=OTjWugEACAAJ&utm_source=gb-gplus-shareTruth

1670: King Charles II of England grants a permanent charter to the Hudson's Bay Company to open up the fur trade in North America. “The first known Jew to settle in what is now Canada was Ferdinande Jacobs, a fur trader with Hudson's Bay Company who came to Manitoba in 1732.” (Jewish Virtual Library)

1713(6 of Iyar, 5473): Joseph Josel Wertheimer, father of Rabbi Samson Wertheimer, passed away today at the age of 87.

1718(1st of Iyar, 5478): Tzvi Hirsch ben Yaakov Ashkenazi, known as the Chacham Tzvi, passed away in Lviv.

http://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/112072/jewish/Rabbi-Tzvi-Ashkenazi-Chacham-Tzvi.htm

1729: Birthdate of Catherine II, also known as Catherine the Great, Czarina of Russia.  Regardless of how history views this German princess who replaced her husband on the throne of Russia, she was responsible for Russia acquiring most of its Jewish population.  Under her reign, Russia acquired much of Poland and its large Jewish population.  Her record of treatment of the Jews, is mixed to negative.  As a follower of Voltaire, she could not help but be swayed by his low opinions of the Jews.  Her policies led to the creation of what would be called the Pale of Settlement.

1740: In Philadelphia, “merchant and silversmith” Elias Boudinot III and Mary Catherine Williams gave birth to Elias Boudinot, the 10th President of the Continental Congress who was persuaded by James Adair’s History of the American Indians that the native Americans were descendants of the Ten Lost Tribes and that the Hebrew was the origin of their language,

1776: In Nederland, Jacob Hirsch Pinto and Levia Leonora Liebe Pinto gave birth to Branca Brendel Bernisse Hartog Kann (Pinto)

1782: One day after she had passed away, 20 year old “Yetta bat Asher” was buried today in the “Alderney Road (Globe Rd) Jewish Cemetery.”

1782: Twenty-five year old Benjamin Abraham Nones, the Bordeaux born son of Rachel and Abraham Benjamin Nones married Philadelphia native Miriam Marks with whom he had 13 children 12 of whom were born in Philadelphia and one of whom was born in the suburb of Germantown.

1784: Birthdate of Alexander Haindorf “a physician, a Jewish reformer, psychologist, university lecturer, journalist, art collector and co-founder of the Westphalian Kunstverein.”

1791: In Prussia “Daniel Itzig and his family received the first Naturalisationspatent, which granted them full citizenship. A year later the solidarische Haftung (collective responsibility and liability of the Jewish community for non-payment of taxes and crimes of theft) was abolished.”

1801: Jacob Hirsch Kann, the son of Miriam and Isaac Jacob Kann and his wife Jetta Kann gave birth to Eduard Jakob Hirsch Kann.

1806(14th of Iyar, 5566): Pesach Sheni

1810: In London, American born physician, Dr. Joel Hart married Louisa Levien.  The Philadelphia native and only son of Ephriam had gone to England to study at the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons.

1813: Two days after she had passed away, 57 year old Catherine Isaacs, the wife of Isaac Isaacs, was buried today at the “Brady Street Jewish Cemetery,”

1813: While fighting with forces opposing Napoleon, “German historian and poet Daniel Lessman was wounded at the Battle of Lutzen.

1814: Joel Benjamin married Dina Levy at the Hambro Synagogue.

1825(14th of Iyar, 5585): Pesach Sheni

1833: Birthdate of Abraham (Adolf) Berliner German Jewish theologian and historian who re-established The Mekitze Nirdamim literally "awakening the slumbering", a society for the publication of old Hebrew books and manuscripts that were either never published or long out of print in 1885.

1836: Three days after he has passed away, John Nathan, the two year old son of Joseph and Esther Nathan, was buried today at the “Brompton (Fulham Road) Jewish Cemetery.”

1836(15th of Iyar, 5596): Eighty one year old Aaron Worms the son of Abraham Aberle, the chief rabbi of Metz and author of "Meore Or" (Flashes of Light) passed away today.

1837: Birthdate of Selah Merrill, the first United States Consul in Jerusalem who served three terms over the years 1882 through 1907 and opposed Jewish settlement in Palestine, writing, "Palestine is not ready for the Jews. The Jews are not ready for Palestine."

1839: Joseph Joseph married Phoebe Barnett today at the Great Synagogue.

1844: Birthdate of Aaron Wise, the Hungarian born American rabbi was the son of Rabbi Joseph Hirsch Weiss, and father of Rabbi Stephen Samuel Wise.

1844: Birthdate of Portsmouth, England native Kate Emanuel who gained fame as Katie Magnus (Lady Magnus) the wife of Sir Phillip Magnus, “the treasurer of the Jewish Girls’ Club, and author whose works included Little Miriam’s Bible Stories and About the Jews Since Bible Times.

1844: Birthdate of Emil Schürer,  “the German Protestant theologian who, for his time had the unusual distinction of studying the history of the Jews at the time of Jesus which led him to write A History of the Jewish People in the Time of Jesus Christ

1847: Two days after she had passed away, 77 year old Phoebe Abrahams, the “widow of Abraham Abrahams” was buried today at the “Brompton (Fulham Road) Jewish Cemetery.”

1853: The Argentine Constitution promised freedom of religion and immigration. Argentina had already shown itself to be a hospitable place for Jewish settlement when it abolished the Inquisition in 1813 which contributed to an influx of Jewish immigrants from Western Europe and North Africa.  The country’s first “Jewish wedding” would take place in 1860 and the Jewish community of Buenos Aires dates its start from 1862.

1855(14th of Iyar, 5615): Pesach Sheni

1856:  The New York Times reported that Lord Derby’s government could not long survive because it was led by “a dilettante Jew whose only stary is self, and who has no care either for the national honor or glory…”  The “dilettante Jew” had to be a reference to Disraeli, who not for the first time would be wrongly identified as a Jew.  And the references were invariably used as a slur.

1858(18th od Iyar, 5618) Lag B’Omer

1859: Five days after he had passed away, financier and social reformer Sir Isaac Lyon Goldsmid, the son of Asher Aron and Rachel Goldsmid and the wife of Isabel Goldsmid with whom he had had eleven children and who was the first Jew to be honored as a baronet was buried today at the “Balls Pond Road Jewish Cemetery.”

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sir-Isaac-Lyon-Goldsmid-1st-Baronet

1860: Birthdate of Theodor Herzl.  Born in Hungary, Herzl's family moved to Vienna.  He was raised in an "enlightened Jewish home" and trained as a lawyer.  Herzl pursued a career as a journalist and writer.  Although he had encountered anti-Semitism, his views on the role of the Jews changed radically when he covered the Dreyfus Trial in 1894.  If anti-Semitism could thrive in enlightened France, then the Jews were not safe any place except in a nation of their own.  He electrified many with his book the Jewish State and he organized the World Zionist Organization.  The six congresses that he chaired set much of the tone and program for the modern Zionist movement.  Herzl died in 1904 at the age of 44.  In 1949, his body was taken to Mt. Herzl in Jerusalem for its final resting place.  Herzl is the embodiment of Hillel's most famous wisdom statements and proof that one person can make a difference. “Herzl coined the phrase ‘If you will, it is no fairytale,’ which became the motto of the Zionist movement.  Although at the time no one could have imagined it, Zionism led, only fifty years later, to the establishment of the independent State of Israel.”

1861: Lieutenant Horace Porter returned to the arsenal at Watervliet, NY, with a letter from Colonel James Ripley rejecting Major Alfred Mordecai’s request for transfer and ordering him to prepare and ship much needed “artillery equipment” to Washington.” This brought to an end Mordecai’s attempt to stay in the U.S. Army without having to fight against family and friends living in the South. 

1861: In Papa, Hungary, Carl Ellinger and Marie Deutsch gave birth Emil Ellinger, who, after coming to the United States served as a Rabbi in Mount Vernon, Sioux City, Iowa and Alexandria, Louisiana home of Congregation Gemilas Hasodim.

1862: Joseph Wolff passed away today at Isle Brewers. Born at Weilersbach, Germany in 1795, to David Wolff, the town’s Rabbi, he “was baptized in 1812 by the Benedictine abbot of Emaus, near Prague.” Wolff trained as an Orientalist, traveled throughout the Middle East where he sought to convert Jewish populations and later searched for the Ten Lost Tribes in an areas stretching from modern day Turkey to Afghanistan.

1863: Birthdate of Russian native Fanny Pruzansky Bellin, the husband of Jacob Bellin and the mother of Katie, Samuel, Anna and Sadie Bellin.

1863: During the Battle of Chancellorsville, Sergeant Henry Heller was one of four soldiers who risked their lives to bring a wounded Confederate officer into the lines of the Union Army. The officer then “provided valuable information concerning the position of the enemy."

1863: During the American Civil War, Confederate General Stonewall Jackson was motally wounded by friendly fire while returning to camp after reconnoitering during the Battle of Chancellorsville. Among the units fighting at Chancellorsville  that tried to stop the advance of Jackson’s troops was a regiment from Illinois under the command of Frederick Hecker that included a company made up of (supplied by) Jews from Chicago.

1864(26th of Nisan, 5624): Giacomo Meyerbeer passed away.

http://www.meyerbeer.com/whois.htm

1867: The Weekly Clarion of Jackson reported today: “We are gratified that measures are in progress for the erection of a place of worship in this city by our fellow citizens of the Hebrew descent.” The newspaper item referred to the purchase of property at the corner of South State and South streets on which the Beth Israel Congregation would soon erect a small, wood-frame building which they would use as a school and a house of worship. This was the first building erected in Jackson designed to serve as a house of worship for the Jews living in around the city that was the capital of the state of Mississippi.     

1870: Antoine Maurer, who was charged with killing a Jew named Joachim Feurter, went on trial again in Rockland County, NY.  Maurer had been found guilty and sentenced to death but the conviction was overturned because the accused had not been present when the Judge responded to a request from the jury for clarity on a point of law.

1870: Lothair, the first novel written by Benjamin Disraeli after his first term as Prime Minister was first published today by Longmans, Green and Company in 3 volumes

1871: The second trial of, Antoine Maurer indicted for the murder of Joachim Feurter, “a German of the Hebrew faith” commenced here today, before the Court of Oyer and Terminer for Rockland County. Maurer had been found guilty in the first trial, but the verdict was overturned on a technicality. 

1872: In Minsk, Yehuda Leib Walt and Relie Hamburg gave birth to Abraham Walt who wrote under the nom de plume “A. Liesin” after he came to the United States.

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0012_0_12518.html

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1938/11/06/99569872.pdf

1873: The Jewish Messenger issued an appeal for financial support to send poor Jewish children on summer excursions.  Among those who would benefit from some sea-side recreation are youngsters under the care of the Hebrew Benevolent Society and Free School Association.  If these two groups cannot raise sufficient funds, then the paper will organize a Messenger Excursion Fund.

1874: “The first ladies’ Hebrew benevolent society was founded” today in Oregon.

1877: A delegation of the Board of Delegates of the American Israelites, led by Benjamin F. Peixotto met with President Rutherford B. Hayes to discuss the persecution of the Jews of Romania.  The delegation presented a written account of “the recent barbarities” inflicted on the Jews of Glurgevo, Romania.  The President expressed his sympathy and concern over the treatment of the Jews.  He referred the group to Secretary of State William Evarts whom he requested to take such as this dire situation may require.

1877: On the advice of President Hayes, a delegation of the Board of Delegates of the American Israelites, led by Benjamin F. Peixotto met with U.S. Secretary of State William Evarts to discuss steps that could be taken to relieve the suffering of the Jews of Romania. The delegation “urged the Secretary of State to cable” the U.S. ministers “at Vienna, Constantinople and St. Petersburg asking them to act in conjunction with the representatives of those powers in endeavoring to repress further atrocities.  Mr. Evarts took the subject under consideration” [This was part of an on-going series of attempts to relieve the suffering of the Jews of Romania. The Great Powers thought they had resolved the matter at the Congress of Berlin, but Romanian anti-Semitism would trump their efforts.  The best hope for Romanian Jews would be found in leaving for the United States where they became part of the mass of immigrants who flooded this country in the years leading up to World War I.  This would not be the first or last time that a U.S. President’s sympathy for the plight of the Jews would not be translated into a policy bring about their salvation. Most of us do not recognize the name of Benjamin Peixotto.  In his day, he was one of the most influential Jews in the United States.  He was a successful lawyer and journalist who was active in the affairs of the Republican Party and the Jewish community. Sic Transit Gloria.]

1878(29th of Nisan, 5638): Anglo-Jewish barrister and politician Sir Henry Francis Goldsmid passed away. Born in 1808, the eldest son of Sir Isaac Lyon Goldsmid, was educated privately, and was called to the bar in 1833, becoming Queen’s Counsel in 1858. In 1859 he succeeded to his father's honors, which included a barony of Portugal. He entered Parliament in 1860 as member for Reading, through a by-election, and represented that constituency in the Liberal interest until his death. While still a young man he actively cooperated with his father to secure to the Jews full emancipation from civil and political disabilities. In 1839 he wrote "Remarks on the Civil Disabilities of the Jews," and in 1848 "A Reply to the Arguments Against the Removal of the Remaining Disabilities of the Jews." He was one of the chief supporters of University College, and gave material aid to University College Hospital. He was associated with various Jewish religious and charitable organizations. He was connected with the Reform movement from its commencement, and was elected president of the Council of Founders of the West London Synagogue. He was vice-president of the Anglo-Jewish Association from its establishment in 1871, and was president of the Rumanian Committee which originated in the association. His greatest services to his race were, however, in the direction of improving the social condition of the Jews in those countries in which they were oppressed. The condition of the Poles in 1863 moved him to organize meetings for the purpose of securing some alleviation of their sufferings, and he also forcibly protested on several occasions in Parliament against the oppression of the Jews, notably that in Servia and Rumania.Goldsmid was deputy lieutenant for Berks and a justice of the peace for Berks and Gloucester. Having no children, the baronetcy devolved upon his nephew, Julian Goldsmid. His writings include, besides those already mentioned: "Two Letters in Answer to the Objections Urged Against Mr. Grant's Bill for the Relief of the Jews" (1830); "A Few Words Respecting the Enfranchisement of British Jews Addressed to the New Parliament" (1833); "A Scheme of Peerage Reform, with Reasons for the Scheme" (As reported by the Jewish Encyclopedia)

1884: Today’s issued ofHamelitz, a Russian newspaper printed in Hebrew, recorded the events that led to members of the two existing synagogues in Quebec to leave and established what would become Temple Emanuel, a Reform congregation.

1889(1st of Iyar, 5649): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1890: Mr. Cantor’s bill exempting the New York Sanitarium from local taxation was passed by the New York State Assembly today.

1891: It was reported today that there has been a serious outbreak of anti-Semitic violence at Corfu growing out of reports that the Jews “had murdered a Christian girl for the feast of Passover.”

1891: In Boston, Inspector Cogan arrested Samuel Steinhardt, a Polish Jewish immigrant who is wanted by the authorities in Newark, NJ.

1891: “The Union Square Mass Meeting” published today described Jewish participating in the mass meeting held at Union Square calling for an 8 hour day.  The marchers wore red and blue caps that had been made by striking capmakers. The Jewish protestors were demonstrating for a more just society as could be seen by one of their banners emblazoned with “We Want the Children in Schools and Not In Shops.”  (The Union Movement opposed child labor and supported universal public school eduation)

1891: “To Build A New Opera House” published today described the plans of Oscar Hammerstein, the owner of the Harlem Opera House and Columbia Theatre to build a new venue on 34th Street, just west of Broadway.  Hammerstein plans to use the new building which is estimated to cost $250,000 will for German grand operas for four months of the year and then use it as a venue for grand theatrical performances during the balance of the year.  This would keep the building in use for all 12 months which is a departure of normal business model.

1891: Religious Riot in Zante” published today described a religious riot in the capital city of this Greek Island of the same name.  During a procession on Good Friday (according to the Greek Orthodox Calendar) the Christians attacked the Jewish quarter of the town.  Soldiers fired on the mob which refused to disperse and threatened to burn down all of the homes and businesses of the Jews. (This stands in stark contrast to what happened during WW II. Mayor Loukas Career and Bishop Chrysostomos refused to give the Nazis the names of the Jews living there and instead hid them. All of the Jews survived the Holocaust.

1892: Today’s “New Publications” column contained a review of The Early Religion of Israel, as set forth by Biblical Writers and Modern Critical Historians by James Robertson which is based on the Baird Lectures for 1889.

1893(16th of Iyar, 5653): Johann Schnitzler a Hungarian-Austrian Jewish laryngologist who was a native of Nagy Kanizsa (today part of Hungary) passed away. He was the father of famed playwright Arthur Schnitzler (1862-1931) and Julius Schnitzler. In 1860 he earned his medical doctorate at the University of Vienna, where from 1863 to 1867 he worked as an assistant to Johann von Oppolzer (1808-1871). In 1880 he was appointed associate professor of laryngology at the University of Vienna, and later became director of its policlinic. Schnitzler was a pioneer of modern laryngology, and author of numerous works on diseases of the throat and larynx. His best known written work was Klinischer Atlas der Laryngologie (Clinical Atlas of Laryngology), which was published posthumously in 1895. In 1860 with Philipp Markbreiter (1810-1882), he founded the Wiener Medizinische Presse, a publication of which he remained as editor until 1886Schnitzler is credited with coining the term "spastic dysphonia" for a vocal disorder known today as spasmodic dysphonia

1893: “Jews Attacked by Anti-Semites” published today described an outbreak of violence at Trappau, the capital of Austrian Silesia.  Forty anti-Semites attacked five Jewish officers who fired their revolvers in self-defense, wounding 12 of their attackers.

1894(26th of Nisan, 5654): Seventy-eight year old Rudolph Carl Hertzog, who founded his nationally known department store at 1839 in Berlin, passed away today.

1894(26th of Nisan 5654): Sixty-nine year old Sarah Miriam Carvalho the daughter of Jacob da Silva Solis and Charity Solis and the wife of Solomon Nunes Carvalho passed away today in New York.

1894: The funeral of Jesse Seligman, who passed away on April 23 in California, took place today at Temple Emanu-El in New York City.

1895: Birthdate of Lorenz Hart, the son Jewish-German immigrants who was a highly productive lyricist for Broadway musicals and films.  He is the Hart in the team of Rogers and Hart.  Some of the tunes you might recognize are “Blue Moon,” “The Lady is a Tramp” and “The Most Beautiful Girl in the world.”  He passed away in 1943.

1895: In New York, Isidor Bader took a seven year old “deaf and dumb boy” who had been abandoned by an un-known man and woman to the police station of on Madison Street.

1895: Female members of Temple Emanu-El will meet at four o’clock this afternoon to discuss plans for the fair to be held in December at Madison Square Garden for the benefit of the Hebrew Technical Institute and Education Alliance.

1895: Dr. Henry M. Sanders and Professor Albert S. Bickmore delivered an illustrated lecture describing Jaffa, Hebron and Bethlehem in which they described Jaffa as “a place of 8,000 inhabitants composed mostly of fugitive from all parts of the world;” Hebron as now being “believed to be almost as ancient as

1896: Henry Rice, Isaiah Joseph, J.H. Schiff, Simon Borge, Isidor Straus, Louis Stern and Louis Stern are among those who bought boxes for tonight’s concert at the Metropolitan Opera House the proceeds of which will go to the United Hebrew Charities.

1896: Harold Frederic reports from London on the financial consequences of the recent demise of Baron Hirsch. Members of the British government are expecting a windfall to the Exchequer from the death duties that will have to be paid.  They are projected to exceed the amount collected from the estate of another prominent Jew, Sir Julian Goldsmid.  On the other hand, the Prince of Wales is quite concerned over how he shall back the considerable sums that he had borrowed from the Baron.  Rumor has it that the future King need not worry since there is a clause in the Baron’s will that absolves the Prince of Wales of his debts.  

1897: Birthdate of Dr. Moses Paulson, the Baltimore born WW I Army veteran who specialized in research of concerning “digestive diseases.”

http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1991-11-27/news/1991331025_1_gastroenterology-ulcerative-colitis-digestive-diseases

1898: Harry Bernstein said today “that he had no doubt that $10,000 could be raised by the Jewish residents of the Fifth Ward” in Cleveland, Ohio to purchase a warship for the fight against Spain.

1898: “A mass meeting” is scheduled to “be held in the auditorium of the Educational Alliance at 8 o’clock under the auspices of the Hebrew Volunteer Bureau for the purpose of encouraging” Jewish citizens to volunteer for service in the fight against Spain.

1898: “To Encourage Hebrew Volunteering” published today described the intention of “a committee of thirty prominent citizens” to “muster and equip at least two regiments of “Jewish “volunteers from the down-town section” of New York where several hundred Jews “have already signed the enrollment roster.”

1898: “Predictions About The War” published today described the ease with which most American leaders thought the war with Spain would be won including “‘It will be a war of one encounter,’ cried Mr. Pulitzer of the New York World, that most patriotic of Polish Jews.”

1899: Martin Sigismund Eduard von Simson whose family converted to Protestantism in 1823 who served as the first President of the Reichstag passed away today.

1900: It was reported today that Hungarian painter Mihali Munkascy, born Leo Lieb, the son of a German Jew who had come to Hungary as a land agent ad participated in the uprisings of 1848, was to be buried in Budapest after taking his own life yesterday.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mihály_Munkácsy#/media/File:Munkácsy_Self-portrait_1870s.jpg

1901: Today, The Ocean Grove Camp Meeting Association made public its program for the summer which included a lecture on Palestine by Reverend Davenport and a performance of the Oratorio “Elijahn

1903(5th of Iyar, 5663): Parashat Tazria-Metzora; 20th day of the Omer.

1903: As Jews prepared to count the 21st day of the Omer this evening, the world was being made richer by the births of Bing Crosby and Dr. Benjamin Spock

1904: In an act of leniency, the Justice at the Municipal court told Julius Goldman that he could stay in his apartment through May 5, the day his sister is scheduled to be married but would have to move on May 6 unless he paid his rent which was just one of the surprise rulings granted to the poor people living on the Lower East Side, a disproportionate number of whom were Jewish.

1905(27th of Nisan, 5665): Fifty-one year old Charity Lyon, the Philadelphia born daughter of Elvira and David Hays Solis, the wife of Edmund Robert Lyon and the mother of Eliva, Augusta and Walter Lyon passed away today in her home town

1906: In Riga, Morduch (Mark) Halsman, a dentist, and Ita Grintuch, a grammar school principal gave birth to “American portrait photographer” Philippe Halsman.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippe_Halsman#/media/File:Philippe_Halsman_self.jpg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippe_Halsman#/media/File:Philippe_Halsman_self.jpg

https://www.magnumphotos.com/photographer/philippe-halsman/

https://npg.si.edu/exh/halsman/intro.htm

1907: Birthdate of McKees Rock, PA native and expert on the Soviet Union Merle Fainsod, the holder of Ph.D. from Harvard, Director of the Harvard University Library and one of seven Harvard professors to sign a letter published in the Times in 1970 criticizing Sec. of State Rogers’ new Middle East Policy who raised two daughter with his wife Elizabeth.”

https://www.nytimes.com/1972/02/12/archives/dr-merle-fainsod-of-harvard-leading-soviet-scholar-64-dies-head-of.html?searchResultPosition=1

1907: Birthdate of St. Paul, MN native Pincus Leff who gained fame as Pinky Lee host of the 1950’s children’s television program, Pinky Lee Show

https://www.nytimes.com/1993/04/07/obituaries/pinky-lee-85-host-of-children-s-tv-shows-dies.html

1908(1st of Iyar, 5668): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1908: “Take Me out to the Ballgame”, one of the most popular song’s connected with baseball was copyrighted today.  The music for this American classic were written by a Jew named Albert Von Tilzer.

1909(11th of Iyar, 5669): Ninety-seven year old David Woolf Marks passed away today.

1910: “Jerusalem Jews in Danger” published today described the attack made on Mrs. Herbert Turell in March by “a fanatic Mohammedan” while she was in Jerusalem” and the fear expressed by Ambassador Straus to her that any demand for justice made on behalf of her and her companion “would have brought about a demonstration again the Jewish inhabitants of Jerusalem.”

1911: Dr. Solomon Schechter, the President of the Jewish Theological Institute arrived on the Berlin tonight marking his return from an 11 month long vacations.

1912: Birthdate of Axel Springer German newspaper magnate.  Springer was honored by numerous organizations included the Weizmann Institute, Hebrew University, and The New York Leo Baeck Institute for his work to preserve German Jewish Culture and History and his support of Israel.  It was not just a personal commitment.  His editorial policies stated that the organization was to promote "the reconciliation of Jews and Germans and support for the vital rights of the State of Israel." 

1912: The British inquiry into the sinking of the Titanic whose survivors included journalist Edith Rosenbaum and Elizabeth and Martin Rothschild, the aunt and uncle of Dorothy Parker but claimed the lives of several other prominent Jews began today in London.

1912: In the Ottoman Empire Faisal, the future King Faisal I of Iraq, and Huzaima bin Nasser gave birth to Ghazi bin Faisal who served as King of Iraq from 1933 to 1939 during which time he was “won over by pro-Nazi elements in the government and military as the tide of public feeling began turning against Iraq’s Jews. C

1913(25th of Nisan, 5673): Cleveland, Ohio political leaders Ben Windecker passed away today.

1913: Cantor Millard conducted services this evening at the Chicago Hebrew Institute which hosted a “social dance” the following evening.

1913(25th of Nisan, 5673): Seventy-eight year old “railroad construction pioneer” passed away today in Los Angeles.

1914: The trial of those accused of murdering Herman Rosnethal resumed in New York City.

1915: At Columbia University, Louis D. Brandeis delivered “an appeal to the Jews living in America to support all of the small nations of the world” which he said was “the best means of obtaining fair treatment for the Jews.”

1915: The Independent Order of B’nai B’rith which had “40,083 members” held its “tenth quinquennial convention” today in San Francisco.

1915: In New York, songwriter Fred Fisher and his wife gave birth to singer/songwriter Doris Fisher who performed with Eddie Duchin.

1916: In Chicago, dedication of Kehillath Jacob Synagogue.

1916: During a luncheon meeting of the Clergy Club of New York, the guest of honor Sir Herbert Tree challenged the recent attempt of the Eastern Council of Reform Rabbis to ban the performance of “Merchant of Venice” because of the creation of Shylock which they view as an archetypically anti-Semitic character.

1916: While continuing in his efforts to try “to get possession of the offices in the new Rialto Theatre build which he asserts were set aside for him” which the remodeling plans were being made told the magistrate in the West Side Court, that when he went to the theatre on April 29th“he found the room padlocked” and when he returned on May 1 “he found a guard who had been employed to keep him out” which led him to take further legal action today in the West Side Court of Magistrate Barlow.

1917(10th of Iyar, 5677): During WW I, 28 year old Captain Maixme Berr, an artillery officer in the French Army was killed today.

1917: “A dinner was held” tonight “at the home of Henry Morgenthau , the former Ambassador to Turkey” where Judge Otto A Rosalsky, Jacob Billikopf and Jacob H. Schiff discussed that national campaign of the American Jewish Relief Committee for Jewish War Sufferers and “it was announced that $900,000” had already been raised in New York to meet the national goal.

1917: “News of the demolition in Petrograd of the famous monument erected to Catherine II of Russia and its recasting into shells at the request of the Committee of Soldiers was cabled The Jewish Daily Forward” today “by its correspondent in Petrograd” who also reported that funds were being raised to erect a monument to Nicholas Tshernyshevsky “the Russian patriot and author who spent nineteen years in exile and hard labor in Siberia.”

1918(20th of Iyar): Joshua Barzilia Eisenstadt passed away today.

1918: In London, the War Office issued its official statement describing the successful assault during Allenby’s campaign by British infantry on the foothills south and southeast of Es-Salt which made it possible for Australian mounted troops to enter Es-Salt where they capture 33 Germans and 317 Turkish troops.

1919(2nd of Iyar, 5679): Gustav Landauer, German anarchist and pacifist, who was the grandfather of Mike Nichols the famous American writer, director and producer passed away today.

1919: Birthdate of “Jacob Bigeleisen, a chemist who worked on the development of the atomic bomb as part of the Manhattan Project and helped discover new ways of analyzing chemical reactions…”

1919: Mrs. Nathaniel E. Harris, the President of the Council of Jewish Women attended the opening meeting of the American Academy of Political and Social Science in Philadelphia.

 1920(14th of Iyar, 5680): Pesach Sheni

1920(14th of Iyar, 5680): Seventy-year old Odessa born American physician Adolph Zederbaum who was a friend of Dr. Charles David Spivak both of whom chose to practice medicine in the United States instead of Palestine passed away today.

1921: Riots in Jaffa, Palestine causes the deaths of 40 Jews and 200 wounded. Martial law was put in effect after Jewish stores were looted.

1922: David Lindo Alexander, the barrister and leader of the Anglo-Jewish community who opposed Zionism was buried today next to his wife at Wilesden Jewish Cemetery.

1922: In Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Harry Shipiatsky, who changed his name to Rosenthal after emigrating to Canada in the 1890’s and Sarah Dickstein gave birth to their youngest child , Abraham Rosenthal who as A.M. Rosenthal, rose to become  the executive editor of the New York Times.  He later became a columnist for the New York Daily News

1922: In New York City, Samuel Untermyer made a vigorous attack on critics of the Zionist cause at a meeting tonight sponsored by the Washington Heights Congregation. Other speakers were Nahum Sokolow, Colonel J.H. Patterson and Vladimir Jabotinsky, who appealed for contributions to the Palestine Foundation Fund that needs three million dollars to meet its budgetary goals.  Untermyer said the funds were going to aid those seeking to “escape from the hate, persecutions, pogroms and massacres of the crazed, bigoted and Jew-baiting peoples of Eastern and Southeastern Europe.”  Furthermore, the funds would only be used to develop the land including programs to buy land, build houses and finance public works projects.

1924: Miriam (née Riegler) and Josef Bikel from Bukovina gave birth to multi-talented performer, Theodore Bikel. (who is one of my all-time favorites)  Born in born in Vienna, Bikel's family took him to Palestine during the 1930's.  Bikel supported himself as a musician and appeared in several stage productions of Habimah, the Israeli theatre.  He honed his stage acting skills in London.  Ironically, one of his first American film roles was as a German naval officer in The African Queen.  It was one of many times he would play German and Russian characters.  In a linguistic tour de force, he played a southern sheriff in the Defiant Ones, a part for which he received an Oscar nomination.  Bikel's most famous role on the American stage was the male lead in the Sounds of Music, playing opposite Mary Martin.  Bikel is multi-lingual and a skilled guitarist.  This has made a favorite among folk music followers.  Bikel has been outspoken labor activist in the film and theatre industries.  And, he is an ardent Zionist.

http://www.bikel.com/

1927: Louis Zabar, who created Zabar’s the icon of Manhattan’s Upper West Side, married Lillian Teitlebaum.  The future Mrs. Zabar had been living in Philadelphia before she moved to New York where she met Zabar whom she had originally known from the Ukrainian village in which they had both lived. They had three children – Saul, Stanley and Eli.  She passed away in 1995.

1927: “The Heart Thief” a silent melodrama starring Joseph Schildkraut was released in the United States today.

1927: In Birthdate of Amos Levine, the Tel Aviv native who as Amos Kenan became an Israeli columnist, painter, sculptor, playwright and novelist. He was known as a critic of Israeli policy.

https://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/06/world/middleeast/06kenan.html

1928: In San Francisco, Sydney Myer, the creation of the Australian department store that bears his name and Merlyn Myer gave birth to their youngest child Marigold Merlyn Baillieu Myer.

1929: Tel Aviv celebrated its 20th anniversary today at an afternoon tea party.  One of the highlights of the event was the congratulatory speech by Major J.F. Campbell, District Commissioner of Southern Palestine which was delivered entirely in Hebrew.  “This was the first time in the history of the country since the British occupation that a high British official has delivered a public address entirely in Hebrew.”  The first child born in Tel Aviv, who is now twenty years old, “welcomed the guests in the name of the city’s young people.”

1930: In Tel Aviv, Moshe and Sarah Kaniuk gave birth to Israeli author and journalist and Yoram Kaniuk.

1930: In Tel Aviv, Moshe Kaniuk, the first curator of the Tel Aviv Museum of Art and his wife gave birth to Israeli author Yoram Kaniuk

1931: It was reported today that “General Ludendorff, who attributed his defeat in the war to the intervention of Jewry” and who wants “to have a Germany racially purely Germanic, free from Jewish-Marxist-Catholic domination” has now declared war on his old colleague” Adolph Hitler with whom he stood trial for the 1923 Munich Putsch at which time he declared “himself a violent anti-Semite.”

1932:  Jack Benny's first radio show premiered on the NBC Blue Network, The color coding was to differentiate the two NBC networks from one another, not a reference to off-color material.  This was one of the milestones in Benny's career which included vaudeville, films and television

1932: Birthdate of composer Malcolm Lipkin, the native of Liverpool who was a protégé composer Mátyás György Seiber, the Hungarian composer who fled Germany after the rise of the Nazis.

1933: The United Committee for the Settlement of German Jews is organized to aid immigrants.

1933: The polarization between the labor Movement (Histadrut and Mapai) and the Revisionists intensify and reach their peak after the assassination of Chaim Arlozoroff.

1934:  Congressman Louis T. McFadden delivers an anti-Semitic speech on the floor of the United States House of Representatives.

1934: Funeral services were held this morning for Israel Unterberg in the Unterberg Memorial Building of JTS followed by interment at the Shearith Israel Cemetery in Brooklyn

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1934/05/02/94520698.pdf

1934: The defense in the trial of three revisionist Zionists for the murder of Dr. Chaim Arlosoroff obtained admissions today from men employed by the police to make plaster casts of the footprints of the accused that some of the casts did not fit.  While cross-examining Inspector Riggs of the Palestine Police, defense counsel Horace Samuel attempted to establish the fact that the police had “hushed up the confession of Abdul Megid and his accomplice, Isa that they had murdered” the Zionist leader.

1935: Joseph Budko becomes director of the new Bezalel School of Arts and Crafts in Jerusalem. Born in1888, he left Germany in 1933 and settled in Palestine.  He passed away in 1940.

1935: As Palestine endures a heat wave, temperatures reach 104 degrees “in the shade.” The average temperature for May is 65 degrees.

1935: With Canada Dry Ginger Ale as a sponsor, Jack Benny came to radio on The Canada Dry Program on the NBC Blue Network

1935: Arguments began before the Supreme Justices including Louis Brandeis and Benjamin Cardozo in the case of “A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States,”

1936: Sixty-second running of the Kentucky Derby. “The Kentucky Derby was, in effect, a Jewish "sweep." Bold Venture was the winner, owned by Morton Schwartz, trained by Max Hirsch and ridden by Ira Hanford. All the human beings involved in this horse racing victory were Jews. Sometimes we suspect that Bold Venture was Jewish that day, too”

1936: “The Appellate Court at Hamm in the Ruhr which has been sentencing alleged traitors to the regime (Jews, trade unionists and Socialists) “to penal servitude in batches of 90 to 100 sentenced another back to terms ranging from 8 months one and three quarter years” today on the same day that Chancellor Hitler was “offering assurances” on the way that the “German people were leading, ordering and guiding themselves.

1936: Mrs. Estelle M. Sternberger, executive director of World Peaceways “praised the work of ORT (a non-profit global Jewish organization that promotes education and training in communities worldwide) in providing constructive relief for the Jews of Eastern and Central Europe” saying “saying that “while malicious propagandists throw dust into the eyes of their fellow-citizens by weird stories of Jewish plots to dominate this earth, the ORT builds school after school to rain Jewish workers and artisans to be humble but respected men and women and youth in the ranks of world industry.

1936: “The American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee announced” today “that on the basis of reports from offices abroad, all remaining Jewish actors, singers and concert artists were deprived of employment in German in 1935 and 1,000 of the 6,000 remaining physicians had emigrated” while at the same time medical licenses were no being issued to Jews.”

1936: “A report from Jerusalem made public” today “by the United Palestine Appeal announced the $10,337,000 had been spent in Palestine from October 1, 1932 to March 31, 1936 by the Palestine /foundation Fund, the Jewish National Fund and the German Settlement Bureau of the Jewish Agency for Palestine.”

1936: “Julliard-trained pianist Jeanne Rabin” and violinist George Rabin gave birth to violinist Michael Rabin who is part of long list of distinguished Jewish violinists that runs from A to Z; from Joseph Achron and to Paul Zukofsky.

https://www.allmusic.com/artist/michael-rabin-mn0001203069

1937: “Rabbi Stephen S. Wise celebrated his thirtieth anniversary service as head of the Free Synagogue today by paying tribute to colleagues, leaders of the Christian church and to world figures whose achievements were sources of inspiration to him.

1937: “Mayor La Guardia received the medal of The American Hebrew for promotion of understanding between Jew and Christian tonight in a ceremony at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel- in which he was praised for his political and econemric beliefs as well as his tolerance.

1938(1st of Iyar, 5698): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1938(1st of Iyar, 5698): Sixty-eight year old Philadelphia native Joseph W. Salus, the “President of the Broad Street Trust company and head of A. Salus and Son who had previously “represented Atlantic City in the New Jersey Assembly” passed away tonight.

1938: “The British partition commission began its tour of inquiry this morning, driving from Jerusalem to Jaffa and Tel Aviv.” Tel Aviv Mayor Israel Rokach took the commissioners on a tour of Tel Aviv harbor.  The commissioners expressed a great deal of interest in the harbor facilties in Tel Aviv and nearby Jaffa.  They were surprised to learn that the Jews of Tel Aviv supplied most of that city’s funding for the harbor and that Jewish taxpayers of Tel Aviv paid to support the educational and health services in Jaffa.  Residents of Jaffa made no such contribution to Tel Aviv.
1938: The Palestine Post reported that six Arab constables were killed when a gang of Arab terrorists attacked a police post near Kalkilya. Several casualties were suffered by the attackers who retreated with horses and rifles of their victims. Arab terrorists fired at the Jewish quarter of Safad and at Rosh Pina. They tampered with railway tracks, cut telephone wires and carried other acts of sabotage.


1939:Kibbutz Dalia and Kibbutz BaMifne which had been unified by a decision in the secretariat of Hashomer Hatzair settled in Ramat Menashe today.

1940: In the morning President Roosevelt met with Secretary Henry J. Morgenthau, Jr.

1940: This evening actor Melvyn Douglas arrived at the White House as a “houseguest.”

1941: Release date for “My Favorite Wife,” a comedy directed by Garson Kanin.

1941: Today after much tension between the Rashid Ali government and the British, the besieged forces at RAF Habbaniya under Air Vice-Marshal H. G. Smart launched pre-emptive air strikes against Iraqi forces throughout Iraq which marked the real beginning of the Anglo-Iraqi War began for real which lead to the Farhud, an Iraqi Pogrom aimed at that country’s ancient Jewish community in June.

1941: In Nazi occupied Netherlands Jewish journalists are laid off.

1942(15th of Iyar, 5702): Parashat Emor

1942(15th of Iyar, 5702): Fifty year old Abraham Epstein the Russian born son of Leon and Bessie Levoitz Epstein a pioneer in the field of providing financial support for the “elderly” which led to what we now know as Social Security who raised one son, Pierre Leon Epstein, with his wife Henritte, passed away today.

https://www.encyclopedia.com/people/history/historians-miscellaneous-biographies/abraham-epstein

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1942/05/03/170362012.pdf

https://www.nytimes.com/1992/04/29/opinion/l-remembering-a-father-of-social-security-302692.html

https://www.amazon.com/Abraham-Epstein-Forgotten-Father-Security/dp/0826216811

1943(27th of Nisan, 5703): Four thousand Jews from Miedzyrzec Podlaski, Poland are murdered at the Treblinka death camp.

1943(27th of Nisan, 5703): At Luków, Poland, 4000 Jews are killed

1943: Memorial rallies were held today as part of a campaign to raise awareness of the plight of European Jewry and gain support for providing aid. “The memorial rallies …were in many instances jointly led by Reform, Conservative, and Orthodox rabbis--an uncommon display of unity. Equally significant, the Federal Council of Churches (whose Foreign Secretary had addressed the students' inter-seminary conference earlier that year) agreed to organize memorial assemblies at churches in numerous cities on the same day. Many of the assemblies featured speeches by rabbis and Christian clergymen, as well as prominent political figures. The gatherings received significant coverage in the newspapers and on radio. This important Jewish-Christian alliance helped raise American public consciousness about the Nazi slaughter of European Jewry.” (As reported by the David S. Wyman Institute)

1944: Robert Abshagen, was sentenced to death for his work in the anti-Hitler resistance.

1945: In Germany, the SS guards at the Neustadt-Glowen, labor camp near Lübeck fail to report for morning roll call, giving freedom to Jewish women who have been brought from Ravensbrück and Breslau, Germany, to dig defensive trenches and anti-tank ditches.

1945: Members of the U.S. Army’s 522nd Field Artillery Battalion “a Nisei unit” “discovered the survivors of a death march headed southwards from the Dachau main camp towards the Austrian border nearest the town of Waakirchen” today.

1945: Berlin surrendered to the Soviet Army. Out of a pre-war Jewish population of 33,000, only 162 survived

1945: “James Venture, one of those aboard the infamous Train de Loos, which carried French resistance fighters, Communists and Jews from a prison in the northern French village of Loos to concentration camps in Germany in September 1944” was liberated from the camp at Wöbbelin today.

1945: The Central Board of the Charity Institution for Aged Needy People (at Athens) attempted to make the elderly Jews comfortable in their last years. In a letter to the Central Board of Jewish Communities of Greece, they wrote:  "Honorable Sirs, The Central Board of the Charity Institution for Aged Needy People deeply sympathize with the martyrdom of the so terribly persecuted Jewish race by the wild and barbaric conqueror."

1945: “Raising a flag over the Reichstag,” a historic World War II photograph taken during the Battle of Berlin which depicts several Soviet troops raising the flag of the Soviet Union atop the German Reichstag building was taken today by Yevgeny Khaldei in another example of Jewish photographer taking an iconic WW II photograph such as the Iwo Jima Flag Raising

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Soviet_flag_on_the_Reichstag_roof_Khaldei.jpg

1945: President Harry S. Truman signed Executive Order 9547 which made possible the Nuremberg Trials.

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/order9547.html

1946: In Brooklyn, Leo Goldstein, “the owner of Peter Pan, a children’s swimwear and underwear manufacturer and Ronny Gore gave birth to Lesley Sue Goldstein who gained fame and singer, songwriter and actress Lesley Gore, the sister of composer Michael Gore.

http://www.timesofisrael.com/its-my-party-singer-lesley-gore-dies-aged-68/

1946(1st of Iyar, 5706): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1946(1st of Iyar, 5706): Eighty-three year old Dr. Simon Flexner, the Louisville, KY born son of “Morris Flexner and Esther Abraham, the pharmacist who went on to earn his M.D. and became on the nation’s leading pathologists passed away today.

https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsbm.1949.0006

https://rockfound.rockarch.org/biographical/-/asset_publisher/6ygcKECNI1nb/content/simon-flexner?

1946(1st of Iyar, 5706): Forty-six year old Adolphus Leo Weil, Jr, the son of “Cassie Ritter Weil” and Adolphus Leo Weil passed away today after which he was buried in the Homewood Cemetery in Pittsburgh, PA.

1946: A funeral service is held in Kraków, Poland, for seven Jews who were murdered on April 30 by anti-Semitic thugs at Nowy Targ, Poland.

1947(12th of Iyar, 5707): Henry Monsky, international president of B'nai B'rith and chairman of the interim committee of the American Jewish Congress passed away today in the Hotel Biltmore at the age of 57, while attending a meeting of the future organization committee of the conference.

1947: U.S. premiere of the Christmas classic “Miracle on 34thStreet” produced by William Perlberg.

1948: Rusztem Vambery, the son of orientalist Armin Vambery, completed his service as Hungary’s ambassador to the United States.

1948: In response to the illegal attacks by Arab forces that had begun the day after the Partition vote, the Palmach 3rd Battalion, commanded by Moshe Kelman, attacked Ein al-Zeitun with a Davidka, two 3-inch mortars and eight 2-inch mortars

1949: Arthur Miller won the Pulitzer Prize for "Death of a Salesman."  “Death of a Salesman” went on to be a successful film as well.  Born in 1915, Miller's long career has included plays on a variety of topics including “The Crucible,” which used the Salem Witch Trials to challenge the Right Wing reactionaries including the followers of Senator Joe McCarthy during the 1950's.

1950: “A United Nations plane flying southward over Israeli territory was forced down at Lydda Airport today after Israeli Army fighters had fired across its nose. The plane was permitted to continue on to an Arab field at Kallandia, in Jordan after an official check.”

1950: Sketches of the Pulitzer Prize Winner in Jouranlism, Letters and Music for 1950” published today contained bios of

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1950/05/02/94256974.pdf

1951: Prime Minister David Ben Gurion left Israel for a private visit in the United States, accompanied by Chaim Herzog. During the trip he will meet with President Truman, as well as with young leaders from both political parties. One of them is Congressman John F. Kennedy. Ben Gurion will also vit Israeli air force students in California and a company manufacturing aircraft parts. The plant belongs to Al Schwimmer, a former American volunteer in the War of Independence.

1951: Syrian forces took positions in Tel Mutilla, in the demilitarized zone between Israel and Syria, and Meir Amit was ordered to dislodge them. Leading his Golani infantry brigade - he had become its commander in 1950 - Amit pressed the attack for four consecutive days, compelling the Syrians to withdraw. But with 40 of his soldiers killed in action and many others wounded, he faced serious criticism from senior officers and was called to defend his actions. The Battle of Tel Motila took place near Almagor, a Moshav north of the Sea of Galilee founded in 1961.

1951: For the only time in major league history, a Jewish batter faced a Jewish pitcher whose battery mate was also Jewish.  Detroit Tiger Pitcher Saul Rogovin was on the mound. Catcher Joe Ginsberg was behind the plate.  Lou Limmer, the Philadelphia Athletics’ first baseman was at bat.  Limmer hit the first pitch into the stands.

1952:  “Belles on Their Toes” the Henry and Phoebe Ephron sequel to “Cheaper by the Dozen” directed by Henry Levin was released today in the United States

1952: “Young Man with Ideas” a romantic comedy co-starring Sheldon Leonard with a script co-authored by Arthur Sheekman, music by David Rose and filmed cinematographer Joseph Ruttenberg was released today.

1953: Faisal II of Iraq’s regency came to an end as he assume rule of his country – a rule that would come to violent end with his murder that would strengthen the hand of Pan Arabist Gamal Nasser, the Egyptian leader who failed in his efforts to destroy Israel.

1954: Birthdate of Elliot Goldenthal, the native of Brooklyn and “the youngest son of a Jewish housepainter father and a Catholic seamstress mother” who won “the Academy Award for Best Original Score in 2002 for his score to the motion picture Frida.”

1956: “The Many Loves of Hilda Crane” a screen adaptation of a Samson Raphaelson play with music by David Raskin was released today in the United States.

1957(1st of Iyar, 5717): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1957(1st of Iyar, 5717): Sixty-five year old Yale trained ophthalmologist Arthur M. Yudkin, the husband of Adel Yudkin and father of Marvin and Dr. Gerald Yudkin passed away today.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1957/05/04/84722781.pdf

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1312661/pdf/taos00044-0025.pdf

1958: Opening of the Cannes Film Festival where one of the entrants was “The Brothers Karamazov” directed by Richard Brooks, produced by Pandro S. Berman, with a script by Julius J. Epstein, Philip G. Epstein and Richard Brooks and featuring William Shatner in his film debut.

1960(5th of Iyar, 5720): Israel marks its 12thyear of independence on Yom HaAtzma’ut.

1962: In Philadelphia, PA, Lillian Jenkins and Manuel Jenkins, a Jewish “car salesman and nightclub owner” gave birth to actress Tamara Jenkins.

1963: In London, Lucian Freud and Bernadine Coverley gave birth to British novel Esther Freud who is the great-granddaughter of Sigmund Freud and a niece of Clement Freud.

1962(28th of Nisan, 5722): Seventy-two year old composer and songwriter Irving Bobo who may have been a descendant of Nathan Bobo, a German Jewish immigrant who helped to settle New Mexico, passed away today.

1966(12th of Iyar, 5726): Eighty-eight year old Hyman Pearlstone, the native of Buffalo, TX who was a businessman in Waco, Palestine and Dallas, TX where he was a member of the Chamber of Commerce and who was born exactly ten years before his brother Julius Hart Pearlstone passed away today. (Some sources show May 1 as the day he passed away.)

1968(4th of Iyar, 5728): Yom HaAtzma'ut

1968: Israeli television began broadcasting.

1968: Birthdate of Edward Frenkel, the Russian-born, Harvard educated mathematician and filmmaker who won the Hermann Weyl Prize in 2002.

1968: Release date of the cinematic version of Neil Simon’s “The Odd Couple co-starring Walter Matthau and directed by Gene Saks.

1973: “Messiah of Evil’ a horror film co-directed, co-produced and with a script co-authored by Gloria Katz was released in the United States

1974(10th of Iyar, 5734): Fifty-six year old, Philadelphia native Abraham Allen Weintraub, a long-time administrator of St. Vincent Infirmary in Little Rock, a very dedicated civic worker and an inspiration to all who worked with him” and who is the namesake of “The A. Allen Weintraub Memorial Award, the highest honor bestowed upon an individual by the Arkansas Hospital Association” passed away today.

1975: Larry Blyden (born Ivan Lawrence Blieden) “reprised his role as “Ensign Pulver” in a tribute for director Joshua Logan at the Imperial Theatre.

1975: The American Jewish Committee announced publication of a guidebook by Gladys Rosen suggesting ways to recognize Jewish contributions to the United States during the Bicentennial celebrations.

1976(2nd of Iyar, 5736): Fifty-nine year old Polish born shipping executive Samuel H. Wang, who had four children – Nathan, Daniel, Hanita and Devorah – with his wife Gloria passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/1976/05/05/archives/samuel-h-wang-ship-operator-59-he-headed-bulk-carriers-pioneered.html

1976:  Agudath Achim, the Orthodox congregation in Little Rock, AR, dedicates its newest building.  This is the third home for the congregation; the first one that is not in the downtown section of the city. 

1978: The Jerusalem Post reported that the U.S. President, Jimmy Carter, told the visiting Premier, Menachem Begin, that the U.S. will "never waiver" in its "absolute commitment to the Israeli security," even though "we may, from time to time, have a transient difference with the people of Israel". Some 150 American rabbis participating in the White House reception given to honor the Prime Minister Menachem Begin, presented the U.S. National Security Adviser, Zbigniew Brzezinski, with a petition protesting the proposed Middle Eastern arms embargo, which would directly affect Israel.

1978(25th of Nisan, 5738): Seventy-five year old New York attorney and executive director of the National War Labor Board Robert Abelow who was the Editor-In Chief of the Employee Relations Law Journal passed away today.

1978: The Jerusalem Post reported that despite the U.S. State Department's official objections, the Palestine Liberation Organization opened an information office in Washington, under the management of Hatem Husseini, a Palestinian citizen of Jordan.

1979(5th of Iyar, 5739): Yom HaAtzma’ut

1979(5th of Iyar, 5739): Just a week before his seventieth-eighth birthday Russian born French Professor of Genetics Boris Ephrussi passed away.

http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.ge.14.120180.002311?journalCode=genet

1979: Seventy-eight year old “Betty Blanc Glassbury, a poet and collector of Asian art,” the widow of John Adam Glassbury, whom his grandson Dr. Richard Dombroff described as “Dr. Welby in real life” and the mother of Eunice Glassbury Dombroff, passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/1979/05/04/archives/betty-blanc-glassbury-78-poet-longtime-collector-of-asian-art.html

1980(16th of Iyyar, 5740): Arab terrorists kill 6 Jews and injure 17 at Hebron. Israeli military authorities order the deportation of the mayors of Hebron and the nearby village of Halhoul for incitement to violence. The mayors appeal to Israeli courts, which affirm the order. In December, they will be deported to southern Lebanon.

1981: Rabbi Joseph P. Weinberg officiated at the wedding of Harolyn Sue Landow and Michael H. Cardozo at Washington Hebrew Congregation. Mr. Cardozo is a cousin the late Supreme Court Justice Benjamin Nathan Cardozo.

1981(28th of Nisan, 5741): Eighty-five year old Dr. David Wechsler, a psychologist who was the author of widely used intelligence tests, passed away today in New York City. (As reported by Wolfgang Saxon)

http://www.nytimes.com/1981/05/03/obituaries/dr-david-wechsler-85-author-of-intelligence-tests.html

1981(28th of Nisan, 5741): Eighty-one year old Rabbi Joseph Hager, founder and senior rabbi of the Wall Street Synagogue, passed away today. A native of Rumania, Rabbi Hager founded two schools, the Hebrew Institute of Long Island, in Far Rockaway, and the Yeshiva of Spring Valley, in Rockland County. He was the founding editor and publisher of Synagogue Light, a monthly publication. The Wall Street Synagogue was first situated at Broadway and Duane Street and later move to 47 Beekman Street.

1981: A police sapper was moderately injured by an explosive charge that had been placed in a trash can near Cafe Alno in Jerusalem.

1982: “Talk With George Steiner” published today provides a look at the views of this Jewish philosopher, author and academic.

http://www.nytimes.com/1982/05/02/books/talk-with-george-steiner.html

1982: Mayor Ed Koch is expected to be among the 450 guests attending the dinner tonight celebrating the 75th anniversary of the Hebrew Tabernacle of Washington Heights which has been led by Rabbi Robert L. Lehman for the past twenty-five years.

1982: “Alive And 90 In The Jungles of Brazil” published today provides a detailed review of The Portage To San Cristobal of A.H., George Steiner’s novel about Adolph Hitler.

http://www.nytimes.com/1982/05/02/books/alive-and-90-in-the-jungles-of-brazil.html?pagewanted=all

1983(19th of Iyar, 5743): Seventy year old Brooklyn born Benjamin R Epstein, the Pennsylvania educated former director of the ADL and author who raised two children – Ellen and David – with his wife Ethel passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/1983/05/04/obituaries/benjamin-epstein-director-of-league-fighting-prejudice.html

1983: Barrick Resources Corporation which had been founded by Peter Munk “became a publicly traded company today” when it was listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange.

1984: The three day suspension of publication of Hadashot mandated by the military censor for publication of an article about the Kav 300 affair came to an end

1984: “Sunday in the Park with George,” a music with lyrics and a score by Stephen Sondheim opened at the Booth Theatre today.

1985: In Great Neck NY, John Hughes and Amy Pastarnack, a Jewish breast cancer survivor gave birth to Olympic medal winning figure skater Sarah Elizabeth Hughts.

1987: “P.L.O., Reunited But Isolated” published today described the disarray among those committed to the destruction of Israel.

http://www.nytimes.com/1987/05/02/world/plo-reunited-but-isolated-will-move-to-algeria-and-iraq.html?pagewanted=print&src=pm

1989(27th of Nisan, 5749): Yom HaShoah

http://www.timesofisrael.com/when-shamir-revealed-how-his-parents-and-sisters-were-killed-in-the-holocaust/

1990: British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher addressed the Women’s International Zionist Organization at its Centenary Lunch

1990(7th of Iyar, 5750): Thirty-eight year old David Rapport the London native who was born with achondroplasia and began his acting career in 1979 passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/1990/05/04/obituaries/david-rappaport-character-actor-38-seen-on-la-law.html?scp=8&sq=la%20law&st=cse

1991(18th of Iyar, 5751): Lag B’Omer

1991: Final broadcast of season six of The Cosby Show, a co-creation of Ed Weinberger.

1991(18th of Iyar, 5751): Eighty-two year old Leib Lensky, an actor who appeared in plays, films and television programs and performed in English, Yiddish and Hebrew, passed away today

http://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/05/obituaries/leib-lensky-82-dies-acted-in-films-and-tv.html?pagewanted=print&src=pm

1992(29th of Nisan, 5752): Dr. Lee Salk passed away.  Born in 1926, Salk gained famed as a “baby doctor" and author on family matters.  He died of cardiac arrest at the age of 65.

https://www.nytimes.com/1992/05/04/nyregion/dr-lee-salk-child-psychologist-and-popular-author-dies-at-65.html

1993(11th of Iyar, 5753): Eighty-six year old Polish born Arthur B. Belfer, “the founder of Belco Corporation who married his wife Diane after the death of his first wife “the former Rochelle Anisfeld” passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/1993/05/04/obituaries/arthur-belfer-86-philanthropist-and-head-of-petroleum-concern.html?mcubz=3

1995(2nd of Iyar, 5755): Eighty-nine year old screen writer Edwin Blum passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/1995/05/06/obituaries/edwin-blum-89-writer-for-stage-and-the-screen.html

1997: In the U.K. Peter Benjamin Mandelson, began serving as Minister without Portfolio.

1997: Malcolm Rifkind completed his service as Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs

1999: Daniel Goldfein’s F-16 was shot down today over western Serbia while serving as commander of the 555th Fighter Squadron and successfully ejected so that he could be rescued “by NATO helicopters.
1999: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including“Israel and Europe:An Appraisal in History” by Howard M. Sachar and “The Majors: In Pursuit of Golf's Holy Grail” by John Feinstein.


 2000(27thof Nisan, 5760): Yom HaShoah

2000(27th of Nisan, 5760): Ninety-year old All-American quarterback for the University of Michigan Harry Lawrence Newman  whose skills were honed by fellow Wolverine Benny Friedman and went on to lead the New York Giants to an NFL title passed away today.

2000: Israeli jet fighters turn back an Egyptian civilian aircraft from the Gaza airport

2001: “Israel Arrests an ex-general as a spy for spilling old secrets” published today described action taken against seventy-five year old Itzhak Yaakov, a retired IDF general.

http://www.nytimes.com/2001/05/02/world/israel-arrests-ex-general-as-spy-for-spilling-old-secrets.html?pagewanted=print&src=pm

2001: A meeting between Secretary of State Colin Powell and Foreign Minister Shimon Peres to discuss the Egyptian-Jordanian peace initiative ends with little advancement.

2001: In “Anti-Semitism: An All-American Attribute” published today Jonathan Zimmerman reminded us that Jew-hating is common currency of culture regardless of century, gender or race.

http://articles.latimes.com/print/2001/may/02/local/me-58214

2002: Today, during Operation Defensive of Shield the siege of the Mukataa, the official headquarters of Arafat and the PA was lifted “after 6 men wanted by Israel – 4 of them convicted of involvement in the October 2001 assassination of the Israeli tourism minister Rehavam Zeevi – were moved to a prison in Jericho to be guarded by U.S. and British wardens

2003(30th of Nisan, 5763): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

2003: Today, in Israel the government identified the suicide bombers who killed three people in an attack on a Tel Aviv nightclub on April 30 as “British citizens Asif Hanif, 21, who died in the suicide attack, and Omar Khan Sharif, 27, an accomplice who reportedly escaped after failing to detonate his bomb making them “the first Britons known to be prepared to kill themselves in the militant Islamic cause.”

2004: On the PGA tour, Bruce Fleisher won Bruno’s Memorial Classic.

2004: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including the recently released paperback edition of Gulag: A History by Anne Applebaum, a Pulitzer Prize-winning study that maintains that the Soviet concentration-camp system was equal to the Nazi killing machine, and supports Solzhenitsyn's assertion that the gulag was not a Stalinist aberration but an integral part of Lenin's Socialist dream.

2004(11th of Iyar, 5764) A pregnant mother and her four daughters are shot dead by terrorists as they drive on the Kissufim road in the Gaza Strip.

2004(11th of Iyar, 5764): Eighty-year old Hyam Maccoby, the grandson and “namesake of Rabbi Hyam Maccoby known as the ‘Kamenitzer Maggid’” and British scholar whose academic work successfully challenged the image of Jesus and the Pharisees painted in the Gospels passed away today.

http://www.theguardian.com/news/2004/jul/31/guardianobituaries.religion

  2004: Vowing to fight for coexistence and mutual respect among mankind around the world, California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger lays the cornerstone of Jerusalem's Museum of Tolerance and pays tribute to the six million Jews who perished in the Holocaust. The Governor concludes his speech with the Hebrew saying, "Am Yisrael hai"– (the nation of Israel lives) – gives the crowd a thumbs-up sign, and adds his signature movie line, "I'll be back."

2004: Sixty-five per cent of those participating in an internal Likud referendum voted against Ariel Sharon’s plan to disengage from Gaza.

2004: Natan Sharansky, the Minister for Jerusalem and Diaspora Affairs, and the World Zionist Organization, launch the new "Combating Anti-Semitism" Kit.

2005(23rd of Nisan, 5765): Seventy-eight year old NYU trained physician William Kohlmann Rashbaum, “the chief of family planning services at Manhattan’s Beth Israel Medical Center” passed away today.

https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2005-05-06-0505060176-story.html

2005: Publication today of Nicole Krauss’ award winning novel The History of Love.

2006(4th of Iyar, 5766):  Yom Hazikaron – Israel Remembrance Day. On the day before celebrating its independence, Israel remembers the human cost.  In the past year, 138 members of the security forces have been killed in the line of duty, bringing the total of men and women killed defending the state since 1860 to 22,123.  This does not count the thousands of innocent bystanders who died in everything from terrorist attacks on Jerusalem pizza parlors to the sinking of ships filled with immigrants bound for Palestine in defiance of the infamous British White Paper.

2006: The Peter Jay Sharp Building of the Brooklyn Academy of Music which Harvey Lichtenstein led for 32 years starting in 1967 was added to the NRHP today

2006: Random House published Absurdistan, a 2006 novel by Gary Shteyngart” that “chronicles the adventures of Misha Vainberg, the 325-pound son of the 1,238th-richest man in Russia, as he struggles to return to his true love in the South Bronx.”

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absurdistan_(novel)#/media/File:Absurdistan.jpg

2007: The Jewish Center for History and the Leo Baeck Institute in New York presented “Hannah Arendt Rediscovered” a program “featuring the distinguished philosopher Richard Bernstein and author Jerome Kohn.”

2007 :( 14th of Iyar) Pesach Sheini

2008: As part of the PEN World Voices, Israeli author Yael Hedaya participates in a panel discussion entitled Writing Sex and Sexuality. Yael Hedaya was born in Jerusalem in 1964.
She has worked as a screenwriter for the acclaimed Israeli TV drama series Betipul (In Treatment), which was adapted for the United States and currently airs on HBO. She is the author of Dramatis Persona, Housebroken, and Accidents, which was a finalist for the National Jewish Book Award in 2006. Her latest novel, Eden, will be published in 2008.
Yael Hedaya teaches creative writing at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.


2008: In Cedar Rapids, Iowa Friday evening services Temple Judah are dedicated to bidding Muriel and Fred Rogers a fond farewell.  Fred and Muriel have been mainstays of the Jewish community and while we are all glad that they are enjoying a long, healthy life, we will miss them as they return to their Chicago roots.

2008: “One of a Kind,” a play that Yossi Vassa co-wrote with Shai Ben Attar about his family’s flight from Ethiopia in the mid-1980s opens at The New Victory Theater in New York City.  “One of a Kind,” which deals with conflicts in Vassa’s family around the decision to leave Ethiopia, is dedicated to the playwright’s grandmother, who died in Sudan before the rest of the family emigrated via Operation Moses, the covert effort in which thousands of Ethiopian Jews were airlifted to Israel. The play has already had a three-year run in Israel, where it won multiple theater awards. It was recently translated into English, and the original cast members, all of whom were born in Ethiopia, are taking it to America and Canada.

2008(27th of Nisan, 5768): Seventy-two year old Uzbekistani musician and poet Ilyas Malayev who fell victim to anti-Semitism in his homeland lost his battle with pancreatic cancer and passed away today in Queens, NY.

2008: “Imaginary Coordinates” featuring the Spertus Institute’s collection of Holy Land maps, which date back to the 16thcentury as well as contemporary Israeli and Palestinian women artists’ works that take up the question of regional borders opens at the Spertus in Chicago, Il.

2009: The Lincoln Center presents Orient- Occident: A Dialogue of Cultures as part of the Jordi Savall Jerusalem Series.

2009(8th of Iyar, 5769): Alfred Appel Jr., a scholarly expert on Vladimir Nabokov, whose lecture course he attended at Cornell, and the author of wide-ranging interpretive books on modern art and jazz, died today in Wilmette, Illinois at the age of 75. (As reported by William Grimes)

http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C00E3DA163DF934A35756C0A96F9C8B63&scp=1&sq=Alfred+Appel%2C+Jr.&st=nyt

2009:Wayne L. Horvitz, a longtime labor relations mediator and the son of David Lyon Hurwitz, discusses and signs What's the Beef?: Sixty Years of Hard-won Lessons for Today's Leaders in Labor, Management, and Government at Politics and Prose Bookstore in Washington, D.C.

2010(18th of Iyar, 5770): Lag B'Omer

2010(18th of Iyar, 5770): Inna Hecker Grade, the widow and a translator of the great Yiddish novelist and poet Chaim Grade, who earned her own literary niche for her zealous guardianship of her husband’s legacy, died today at the age of 85 in the Bronx, New York City. (As reported by Joseph Berger)

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/13/nyregion/13grade.html?pagewanted=print

2010: Silvia Planas and Manuel Forcano are scheduled to discuss A History of Jewish Catalonia their book that traces the rich and fertile history of the Jews in Catalonia from the earliest references, that is, from the time of the late Roman Empire and the Early Middle Ages, until the drastic decree of expulsion by the Catholic Monarchs in a program sponsored by The American Sephardi Federation

2010: As part of the third annual program in memory of Dr. Mordkhe Schaechter, Prof. Eugene Orenstein of McGill University is scheduled to speak on the topic, "Ber Borokhov: A Revolutionary of Yiddish Philology" followed by Prof. Joshua (Shikl) Fishman who is scheduled to speak about Dr. Schaechter.

2010(18th Iyar, 5770): Eighty-six year old Rabbi Moshe Hirsch, a leader of an ultra-Orthodox Jewish sect that opposes the existence of the Israeli state and a longtime adviser to the Palestinian leader Yasir Arafat, died today at his home in Jerusalem. (As reported by Dennis Hevesi)

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/05/world/middleeast/05hirsch.html?pagewanted=print

2011: Today, “the Board of Trustees of the City University of New York (CUNY), at their monthly public meeting, voted to remove (by tabling to avoid debate) Tony Kushner's name from the list of people invited to receive honorary degrees, based on a statement by trustee Jeffrey S. Wiesenfeld about Kushner's purported statements and beliefs about Zionism and Israel” after which “the CUNY Graduate Center Advocate began a live blog on the "Kushner Crisis" situation, including news coverage and statements of support from faculty and academics.”

2011: As reported by Tom Tugend in “Auschwitz bar mitzvah for 78-year-old Oscar-winner Branko Lustig”: Branko Lustig, 78, two-time Oscar winner for “Schindler’s List” and “Gladiator,” is scheduled to celebrate his bar mitzvah today at Auschwitz, in front of barrack No. 24.

http://www.jta.org/news/article/2011/04/22/3086935/auschwitz-bar-mitzvah-for-78-year-old-oscar-winner-branko-lustig

2011: The ITV network broadcast the first episode of “Case Sensitive” which based on The Point of Rescue by British poet and novelist Sophie Hannah.

2011: The Consultation on Conscience, Reform Judaism's flagship social justice conference is scheduled to continue with a reception featuring guest host Richard Dreyfus at the National Press Club in Washington, DC.

2011: The 17th Annual Rocky Mountain Jewish Historical Society Heritage Award Dinner is scheduled to take place in Denver. The 2011 Heritage Award Dinner will salute early Colorado Jews in the Arts and will feature the premiere of a film called "Civilizing the West: Early Colorado Jews in the Arts."

2011: This morning at 10 a.m., sirens will wail throughout the country as people observe a moment of silence in memory of the victims of the Nazi persecution. The closing ceremony of Holocaust and Heroism Remembrance Day will take place at Yad Mordechai, the kibbutz adjacent to Gaza named after Mordechai Anielewicz, the leader of the Warsaw Ghetto uprising who was killed in the fighting.

2011: In the wake of the killing of Osama Bin Laden, Chicago police are taking additional measures to guard against possible retaliatory terrorist attacks.  Police were paying closer attention to many buildings including synagogues, particularly in the Rogers Park and West Rogers Park neighborhoods, areas that have large Jewish communities. Some Chicago synagogues said they're not enhancing security because they're always on high alert. "The reality is that because of Osama bin Laden and other terrorists . . . we have been instituting additional security for a very long time," said Rabbi Leonard Matanky, of Congregation KINS in West Rogers Park. In the wake of 9/11, many synagogues installed cameras and began locking their doors, among other security measures that officials declined to specify.

2011: The Supreme Court delayed the start of former President Moshe Katsav's jail sentence until a ruling is reached on an appeal filed by his lawyers. Katsav, who was convicted on two counts of rape for indecent assault and sexual harassment of female employees, appealed the ruling against him this week.

2011(28th of Nisan, 5771): Yom HaShoah

2011: Today, “More than a year after his death, Michael T. Kaufman was included in the byline for the New York Times obituary of Osama bin Laden

2011: The trustees of the City University of New York voted to shelve plans to award an honorary degree to Tony Kushner because he “had disparaged the State of Israel in past comments.

2011: The Palestinian Islamist group Hamas condemned the killing by U.S. forces of Osama bin Laden and mourned him as an "Arab holy warrior." (As reported by Jack Khoury)

2012: A limited run of 'Welcome to America' by H. Leivick (the penname of Leivick Haplern) is scheduled to begin in New York.

2012: Dr. Jonathan Sarna is scheduled to discuss his marvelous new book, When General Grant Expelled the Jews at the National Museum of American Jewish History in Philadelphia, PA.

2012: Dr. Edna Nahshon, Professor of Hebrew and Theater at the Jewish Theological Seminary, and editor of Jews and Theater in an Intercultural Context, is scheduled to discuss this new book of essays, including her own research on passion plays in America at the Library of Congress in Washington, DC.

2012: The Westchester Jewish Film Festival is scheduled to come to an end.

2012: The International Workshop on Holocaust Testimonies: Truth and Witness being held at the Wiener Library in the UK is scheduled to come to an end.

2012: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to present “Jews in Early Modern Europe: A Day-to-Day Perspective.”

2012(10th of Iyar, 5773): Ninety year old violinist Zvi Zeitlin passed away today. (As reported by Margalit Fox)

http://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/06/arts/music/zvi-zeitlin-violinist-who-championed-modernist-composers-dies-at-90.html?_r=2&hpw&

2013: In Chicago, the Spertus Institute is scheduled to present “Ballot, Babies and Banners of Peace,:” a lecture in which Dr. Melissa  R. Klpaaher  “will discuss how the activism of American Jewish women was grounded in their gender, religious, cultural, and ethnic identities…”

2013: “The key witness in the breach of trust trial against former foreign minister Avigdor Liberman, his former deputy Danny Ayalon took the stand today and gave incriminating testimony, confirming that while serving in the Foreign Ministry, Liberman had acted to promote a man who had done him a favor.” (As reported by Stuart Winer)

2013: The Maccabeats and Sarah Aroeste and Daniel Kahn & the Painted Bird are scheduled to perform at the Washington Jewish Music Festival.

2013: A terrorist opened fire at two people this evening in Wadi Kelt, near Mitzpeh Yericho. The two were attacked as they sat in a car

http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/167667

2013: Terrorists in Gaza fired two rockets at southern Israel tonight. The rockets hit the Eshkol region.

http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/167668

2014: Coralville, Iowa, The House of David Softball Team, sponsored by Agudas Achim is scheduled to take the field.

2014(2nd of Iyar, 5774): Eighty-two year old director and playwright Charles Marowitz passed away today. (As reported by Bruce Weber)

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/12/arts/charles-marowitz-director-and-playwright-dies-at-82.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&_r=0

2014: In Cedar Rapids, Temple Judah is scheduled to host its final Musical Shabbat of the season.

2014: Annalisa Capristo the librarian at the Centro Studi Americani, Rome, Italy whose work focuses on anti-Jewish persecution in Italy under Fascist rule, particularly against Jewish scholars is scheduled to deliver a lecture on “An Overview of the Italian Jewish Immigration in South America” at the Third Regional New Conference sponsored by the Latin American Jewish Studies Association (LAJSA)

2014: Day Two of Jewish American Heritage Month

2014: “Palestinian gunmen fired at an IDF force on the Gaza border tonight, near the Kissufim border crossing in the central Gaza Strip.”

2014: “The patriarch of the Maronite church will travel to Jerusalem next month to greet Pope Francis, the first head of his Lebanon-based denomination to visit since Israel’s creation in 1948, he said today.”

http://www.timesofisrael.com/lebanese-bishop-to-make-historic-jerusalem-trip

2015: “Firing Line,” the three year old colt owned by Arnold Zechter, the former CEO of Talbots, is scheduled to run in today’s Kentucky Derby.

2015: Fred Spiegel, the Shoah Survivor who wrote Once the Acacias Bloomed: Memories of a Childhood Lost is scheduled to speak at the US Holocaust Memorial Museum.

2015: The Eden-Tamir Music Center is scheduled to host “Folk Songs in Artistic Arrangement/”

2015: The Samaritan community is scheduled to hold its annual sacrifice of the lamb marking the Exodus from Egypt on Mount Gerizim today. (As reported by Amanda Borschel-Dan)

http://www.timesofisrael.com/passover-sacrifice-reenacted-by-jewish-priests-in-training/

2015(13th of Iyar, 5775): Parashat Achrei Mot - Kedoshim

2015:  In Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Mother’s Day Shabbat – “All Women Are Mothers In the House of Israel” -- includes flowers for everybody and a Kiddush prepared by the male members of the minyan.

2015(13th of Iyar, 5775): Eight-nine year old ballerina and choreographer Maya Mikhailovna Plisetskaya passed away today in Munich

https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/03/arts/dance/maya-plisetskaya-ballerina-who-embodied-bolshoi-dies-at-89.html

http://www.timesofisrael.com/russia-mourns-jewish-ballet-rebel-maya-plisetskaya/

2016: Professor Richard Schwartz is scheduled to deliver a lecture on “Advancing Veganism in Israel” at Ginger, 8 Balfour Street, Jerusalem.

2016(24th of Nisan, 5776): Eighty-eight year old stamp collector Irwin Weinberg passed away today. (As reported by James Barron)

https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/08/us/irwin-weinberg-collector-of-rare-precious-stamps-dies-at-88.html?ribbon-ad-idx=2&rref=obituaries&module=Ribbon&version=origin&region=Header&action=click&contentCollection=Obituaries&pgtype=article

http://www.linns.com/news/us-stamps-postal-history/2016/may/irwin-weinberg-british-guiana-magenta-obituary.html

2016: The Historic Sixth and I Synagogue is scheduled to host Café Nite where attendees can “explore several learning options with MesorahDC.

2017: Yom Ha’Atzmaut - Israel Independence Day; 

2017:Sagiv Lugasi, a student at the Ort school in Ma’alot-Tarshiha, took first prize in the annual competition in Jerusalem Independence Day making him “the first secular student to win the International Bible Quiz in over 30 years.” (As reported by TOI)

2017: The Iowa Jewish History Symposium is scheduled to begin in Iowa City.

2017: GiveNOLA Day scheduled for today provides an opportunity to make donations to JCRS, a Jewish charity that has delivered a multiplicity of services to Jews throughout the region.

2017: “Beneath the Helmet,” a film about five Israeli high school graduates is scheduled to be shown at East Bay Jewish Film Festival.

2017:The LA Jewish Film Festival and Yiddishkayt are scheduled to co-host the West Coast of “Menashe.”

2018:  In Memphis, TN, Temple Israel is scheduled to host a discussion on Great Jewish Renegades led by Rabbi Feivel Strauss that will focus on the life of Leonard Cohen.

2018: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to present the Phoenix Chamber Ensemble and Telsa String Quartet “Serenading Mozart.”

2018: The Washington Jewish Film Festival is scheduled to open with “Sammy Davis Jr.: I’ve Gotta Be Me.”

2018: As part of Jewish American Heritage Month, the William G. McGowan Theatre will host historian talking about his latest work The Eddie Cantor Story: A Jewish Life in Performance and Politics.

2019: In New York, the Fort Gansevoort Gallery is scheduled to host the hoping of the exhibit “Soviet Childhood’ featuring the works of Zoya Cerkassky

2019: “Claude Lanzmann’s ‘Shoah: Four Sisters’” is scheduled to be shown at Temple Emanu-El’s Streicker Center.

https://www.emanuelnyc.org/event/claude-lanzmanns-shoah-four-sisters-part-2/

2019: In San Francisco, Congregation Emanu-El is scheduled to host “Iran Talks: Next Steps After the Collapse of the Deal and Iran’s Role in the Region” featuring Abraham D. Sofaer and Dr. Michael Ledeen.

2019(27th of Nisan, 5779: In the wake of the latest synagogue shooting and the revelation that Labour Party leader has endorsed and written a forward for “a book containing overtly anti-Semitic tropes” observance of Yom HaShoah

2020: As the number of Coronavirus deaths continues to rise, Israelis await to see which schools will and will not open tomorrow following yesterday’s vote by the cabinet “to return some of Israel’s students to school” tomorrow. (As reported by Jacob Magid

2020: The UK Jewish Film is scheduled to provide on-line a screening of “An Act of Defiance.”

2020(8th of Iyar, 5780):  On the Jewish calendar Yarhzeit of the Jews of Speyer who massacred today during the First Crusade (1096) and the Jews of Lemberg who massacred (1667)

2020(8th of Iyar, 5780): Parashat Acharay Mot and Kedoshim; Pirke Avot Chapter 3; for more see http://downhomedavartorah.blogspot.com/








This Day, May 3, In Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb Levin Z"L

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May 3

1282 BCE: (28 Nissan 2488): Traditional date marking the fall of the walls of Jericho.

443 BCE (7th of Iyar, 3317): Nehemiah dedicated the newly built walls that had been built around Jerusalem

996: Papacy of Gregory V began today making him a contemporary of Hananel Ben Hushiel, Samuel Ibn Nagrela and Jacob ben Yakar each of whom was born in 990.

1096 (8th Iyar): On his way to join the Crusade led by Peter the Hermit, Emico, the Count of Leiningen, attacked the synagogue at Speyers. The Jews defended themselves but were systematically slain. Until this time atrocities in Europe were sporadic. From this point on, they became organized and frequent. Jewish martyrdom began in earnest. It should be remembered that the atrocities committed by the rampaging crusaders were not always supported by the local burghers and bishops. Furthermore, in many countries, especially the Slavic states, the local Christian community suffered from pillages as well. John Bishop of Spires even called out his army after 11 Jews were killed in a riot, but he was an exception rather than the rule. Approximately 5,000 Jews were murdered in Germany in 1096.[Editor’s Note: Maggie Anton, the author of the acclaimed series about Rashsi’s Daughters, offers the following view of events. “Actually, the Crusader attacks on Speyer in 1096 left only 11 Jews dead - those who were still on the streets. Warned of the danger, the Jews prayed early and left the synagogue before the marauders arrived, barricading themselves at home. Bishop John's army routed the mob and cut off the hands of the worst instigators. It was later in the month that the worst massacres occurred in Worms, Mainz & Cologne.”]

1235: Pope Gregory issued a Bull that repeated and confirmed the constitution of Pope Innocent III.  The Bull was issued in response to pleas from German Jews that the Church act to stop the marauding mobs that were attacking them.

1270: King Béla IV of Hungary passed away.Bela had welcomed Jewish immigrants to his kingdom and in 1251 gave them “legal rights.”

1407: Emperor Rupert issued a decree appointing Israel of Krems “chief rabbi of all the German communities ("Hochmeister über alle Rabbinen"), giving him a certificate declaring him to be a great Talmudic scholar and a good man.”

1455: As Christian forces advance, groups of Jews fled Spain, some of whom ended up in Kosovo others of whom settled in West African Jewish communities known as Bilad al-Sudan.

1469: Birthdate of Niccolò Machiavelli

http://voices.yahoo.com/literary-analysis-prince-niccolo-machiavelli-6074870.html

1481: Mehmed II, Ottoman Sultan passed away. Known as “The Conqueror” (Faith), he reigned from 1444 to 1446 until his father took over on account of war. He came again to throne in 1451. He conquered Constantinople in 1453. The oppressed Jews were relieved to see him occupy the city. He allowed Jews from today's Greek Islands and Crete to settle in Istanbul. Fatih's declaration is as follows: "Listen sons of the Hebrew who live in my country...May all of you who desire come to Constantinople and may the rest of your people find here a shelter". The Bavarian King Ludwig the III, under the influence of the Italian Monk Jean de Capistrano expelled the Jews out and forced them to settle on the banks of the Danube River, Capistrano helped John Hunyadi in 1456 when the Ottomans besieged Belgrade. In 1410 Jean Huss was excommunicated and burned on order of the pope Alexander the V. The pope Nicholas the V, summoned Jean de Capistrano to go to Slovakia and fight the followers of Jean Huss. Of course Capistrano did not forget the Jews and as a result, by order of the Sultan, a regiment called "The sons of Moses" was formed. Since Capistrano also prepared a crusade against the Ottomans, the same regiment participated in the war which ensued. The doctors Isak Pasa Galeon and Ribbi Sonsino were also appointed to that regiment. Before being killed, Ribbi Sonsino chopped away the head of Jean de Capistrano and the church declared the latter a saint. After the war Mehmed II invited the Ashkenazi Jews of Transylvania and Slovakia to the Ottoman Empire. The synagogues Ahrida, Karaferya, Yanbol and Cuhadji which were damaged due to a fire have been repaired on the Sultan’s order. According to a votive foundation document dated 1451-1481, the doctors Moses Hamon, Isak Pas a Galeon, Hekim Yakup, Ephraim Sandji and Hekim Abraham were appointed as palace doctors.

1488: In Naples, Joseph Günzenhäuser published the first printed edition of the Pentateuch with a commentary by Abraham ibn Ezra.

1579: An auto-de-fe at Seville sentenced 38 people, some accused of Judaizing. In all, only one person was burned.

1583(11thof Iyar): Rabbi Isaac Mehling passed away in Prague.

1588: Council of Hanover in Germany ordered the severance of all business connections between Jews and Christians.

1616(16th of Iyar, 5376): Meir Lublin, the son of Gedaliah, the son-in-law of Isaac ha-Kohen Shapiro and  the author of the Talmudic commentary Meir Einai Chachamim  passed away today in Lublin.

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0013_0_12821.html

1655(26th of Nisan, 5415): Abraham Nunez Bernal was burned at the stake by the Inquisition of Cordova making him yet another Sephardic martyr.

1655:Jacob Abendana delivered a famous memorial sermon on the Cordovan martyrs Marranos Nunez and Almeyda Bernal who had been burned at the stake. Abendana was the older of Isaac Abendana who taught at Magdalen College and served as hakam of the Spanish Portuguese Synagogue in London..
1667(9th of Iyar, 5427): Many Jews were killed in anti-Jewish riots in Lemberg.  Lemberg is in the Ukraine.  These killings took place during the wars between the Poles and the Cossacks.  The fate of the Jews of Lemberg would grow even worse in 1668 when most of them would perish in a massacre.


1670: Birthdate of Nicholas Mavrocordatos, the Grand Dragoman whom Daniel de Fonseca served as a personal physician while actually working as a secret agent for the French and Turks to provide support for the Ottomans in their conflict with Austria.

1703(17th of Iyar, 5463): Seventy two year old Samuel Oppenheimer the Jewish banker who bankrolled Emperor Leopold I during the Great Turkish War, passed away today.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Oppenheimer

1733(22nd of Iyar,):  Rabbi Zevi of Vilna, author of “Bet Lehem Yehudah” passed away

1758: The Papacy of Benedict XIV, who was so committed to converting Jews that he issued a bull allowing children as young as seven to be baptized without their parent’s permissions and added to the list of Jewish books that should be “seized and confiscated but who also publicly opposed the Blood Libel, ended today.

1764: The Maryland Gazettereported "certain" Jews were willing to settle in the American colonies to conduct agriculture and commerce. This was nothing new, as for almost 30 years prior the Spanish and Portuguese Synagogue in London had wanted to form a large settlement for Jews in Carolina.

1775: David Salisbury Franks, who would become an officer in the American Revolutionary Army, was arrested for speaking in a disrespectful manner about King George III.

1778(6th of Iyar, 5538): Eighty-eight year old Hirsch Auberach who had been serving as rabbi at Worms in 1763, the husband Dobresch Auberach and the father of Rabbi Abiezri Selig Auerbach, passed away today.

1791: The Constitution of 3 May 1791 under which Poland’s Jews were granted full emancipation

was adopted by the Great Sejm  today

1802:  Washington, D.C. is incorporated as a city. Isaac Polock was reported to be D.C.’s first Jewish resident having moved to the area in 1795.  Major Alfred Mordecai came to Washington in 1828 to serve as superintendent of the District of Columbia Arsenal. He is the second known Jewish resident of the nation’s capital.  For more about the history of Jewry in the Washington metropolitan area see the website of the Jewish Historical Society of Greater Washington http://www.jhsgw.org/

1833(14th of Iyar, 5593): Pesach Sheni, is observed for the first time since Martin Van Buren replaced John C. Calhoun as Vice President which was part of American political imbroglio that included everything from “sex to secession.”

1837: Phillip Joseph Salomons married Cecilia Samuels at the Hambro Synagogue today.

1840: In Polska, R' Israel Baruch Moses and Eve Moses (Graditz) gave birth to Rabbi Adolph Eliezer Moses who became an M.D. after graduating from medical school in his 50’s.

1841: One days after he had passed away, Myer Ephraim Myers was buried today in the “Brady Street Jewish Cemetery.”

1843: Birthdate of Edward Dowden, the Irish author who claimed that “in the original Persian” version of the Shylock story, “the Jew is not impelled to cruelty because the money is not returned to him but for the reason that he in love with his debtor’s wife” and whose daughter Hester “claimed to communicate via various spirit guides including ‘Johannes,’ an ancient Jewish Neo-Platonist who lived 200 years before Jesus

1844(14th of Iyar, 5604): Pesach Sheni

1844: Birthdate of Édouard Adolphe Drumont “a French journalist and writer” who “founded the Anti-Semitic League of France in 1889, and was the founder and editor of the newspaper La Libre Parole.”

“He was at first in government service, but later became a contributor to the press and was the author of a number of miscellaneous works, of which Mon vieux Paris (1879) was crowned by the Academy.

Drumont's 1886 book ‘La France Juive’ (Jewish France) attacked the role of Jews in France and argued for their exclusion from society. In 1892 Drumont founded the newspaper the La Libre Parole which became a platform for virulent anti-Semitism…He was sued for accusing a parliamentary deputy of having taken a bribe from the prominent Jewish banker Édouard Alphonse de Rothschild to pass a piece of legislation the banker wanted. Drumont attracted many supporters and was one of the primary sources of anti-Semitic ideas that would later be embraced by Nazism. He exploited the Panama Company Scandal and reached the peak of his notoriety during the Dreyfus Affair, in which he was the most strident of Alfred Dreyfus' accusers.” He died in 1917.

1847:  Premiere of “Don John of Austria,” the first Australian opera at the Royal Victoria Theatre in Sydney.  Isaac Nathan wrote the opera to a libretto by Jacob Levi Montefiore.

1848: Today, in Philadelphia, thirty-three year old Canadian businessman Jacob Henry Joseph m arred Sarah Gratz Moses with whom he “two sons and three daughters.

1849: The May Uprising in Dresden begins - the last of the German revolutions of 1848. These revolutions, in which many Jews played an active role, failed.  This resulted in a major migration of liberal Germans, including a large number of German Jews, to the United States.  This migration would have a major impact on the United States and the American Jewish community.

1849: At the tenth meeting of the Independent Order of Free Sons of Israel, a petition “asking for a charter for a second lodge of the order to be named Abraham Lodge No. 2” was granted.

1851: The 101 foot schooner America which was the first U.S. boat to win the America’s Cup for which Baron Arthur de Rothschild would later supply the prize money, was launched today.

1853: The New York Times reported that an un-named Jew had been arrested on a charge of receiving stolen goods.  The goods were reportedly $25 dollars’ worth of women’s shoes that had been stolen by German lad named Herman who was working as an apprentice in a boot & shoe store.

1857: Birthdate of August Lederer the Austrian industrialist, art collector and patron of Gustav Klimt.

1859:Samuel Isaac Joseph Schereschewsky the Lithuanian Jew who went through a series of conversions in various Christian churches starting as a Baptist in 1855 was appointed to serve as a missionary to China by the Episcopal Church.

1860: In Ancona, Abramo Volterra, a cloth merchant, and Angelica Almagià gave birth to Samuel Giuseppe Vito Volterra

1860: Thanks to the efforts of the pro-Secessionist forces, the Democratic Convention which Henry Myer Phillips attended as a delegate, decided to adjourn today and reconvene at Baltimore in six weeks.

1861: The Secretary of War issued a muster call for three year volunteers that would be responded to by the 26th Pennsylvania volunteers whose members included Dr. Jacob Da Silva Solis Cohen the graduate of the University of Pennsylvania and Jefferson Medical College.

1863(14th of Iyar, 5623): Pesach Sheni

1863: Two days after he had passed away, Gabriel Simmons, the son of John and Sarah Simmons was buried today at the “Brompton (Fulham Road) Jewish Cemetery.”

1863(14th of Iyar, 5623): Twenty-five year old Isaac Seldner of the 6th Virginia Infantry Regiment was killed today at the Battle of Chancellorsville during the Civil War.

1864(27th of Nisan, 5624):J. J. Benjamin passed away.  Born in 1818 at Fălticeni, Romania he “was a Romanian-Jewish historian and traveler. His pen name was "Benjamin II", in allusion to Benjamin of Tudela. Married young, he engaged in the lumber business, but losing his modest fortune, he gave up commerce. Being of an adventurous disposition, he adopted the name of Benjamin of Tudela, the famous Jewish traveler of the twelfth century, and toward the end of 1844 set out to search for the Lost Ten Tribes. Using the name of Benjamin of Tudela, the famous twelfth century Jewish traveler, he set out in 1844 on a search for the Lost Ten Tribes of Israel. This search took him from Vienna to Constantinople in 1845, with stops at several cities on the Mediterranean. He arrived in Alexandria in June, 1847, and proceeded via Cairo to the Levant. He then traveled through Syria, Babylonia, Kurdistan, Persia, the Indies, Kabul, and Afghanistan, returning June, 1851, to Constantinople, and then back to Vienna where he stayed briefly before heading to Italy. There he embarked for Algeria and Morocco. He made copious notes of his observations of the societies he visited. On arriving in France, after having traveled for eight years, he prepared in Hebrew his impressions of travel, and had the book translated into French. After suffering many tribulations in obtaining subscriptions for his book, he issued it in 1856, under the title ‘Cinq Années en Orient (1846-51).’ The same work, revised and enlarged, was subsequently published in German under the title ‘Acht Jahre in Asien und Afrika’ (Hanover, 1858), with a preface by Meyer Kayserling. An English version has also been published. As the veracity of his accounts and the genuineness of his travels were attacked by some critics, he amply defended himself by producing letters and other tokens proving his journey to the various Oriental countries named. Benjamin relates only what he has seen; and, although some of his remarks show insufficient scholarship and lack of scientific method, his truthful and simple narrative gained the approval of eminent scholars like Humboldt, Petermann, and Richter. In 1859 Benjamin undertook another journey, this time to America, where he stayed three years. The result of his observations there he published on his return, under the title Drei Jahre in Amerika (Hanover, 1863). The kings of Sweden and of Hanover now conferred distinctions upon him. Encouraged by the sympathy of several scientists, who drew up a plan and a series of suggestions for his guidance, he determined to go again to Asia and Africa, and went to London in order to raise funds for this journey — a journey which was not to be undertaken. Worn out by fatigues and privations, which had caused him to grow old before his time and gave him the appearance of age, he died poor in London; and his friends and admirers had to arrange a public subscription in order to save his wife and daughter from misery. In addition to the works mentioned above, Benjamin published Jawan Mezula, Schilderung des Polnisch-Kosakischen Krieges und der Leiden der Juden in Poland Während der Jahre 1648-53, Bericht eines Zeitgenossen nach einer von. L. Lelewel Durchgesehenen Französischen Uebersetzung, Herausgegeben von J. J. Benjamin II., Hanover, 1863, a German edition of Rabbi Nathan Nata Hanover's work on the insurrection of the Cossacks in the seventeenth century, with a preface by Kayserling. Upon his return to London in 1862, he drew another plan to return to Asia and Africa but fell ill and died early in 1863 before being able to undertake his next journey.



During his travels in Persia J. J. Benjamin wrote down some observations on the life of the Jews in Persia:



1. Throughout Persia the Jews are obliged to live in a part of the town separated from the other inhabitants; for they are considered as unclean creatures, who bring contamination with their intercourse and presence.

2. They have no right to carry on trade in stuff goods.

3. Even in the streets of their own quarter of the town they are not allowed to keep any open shop. They may only sell there spices and drugs, or carry on the trade of a jeweller, in which they have attained great perfection.

4. Under the pretext of their being unclean, they are treated with the greatest severity, and should they enter a street, inhabited by Mussulmans, they are pelted by the boys and mobs with stones and dirt.

5. For the same reason they are forbidden to go out when it rains; for it is said the rain would wash dirt off them, which would sully the feet of the Mussulmans.

6. If a Jew is recognised as such in the streets, he is subjected to the greatest insults. The passers-by spit in his face, and sometimes beat him so unmercifully, that he falls to the ground, and is obliged to be carried home.

7. If a Persian kills a Jew, and the family of the deceased can bring forward two Mussulmans as witnesses to the fact, the murderer is punished by a fine of 12 tumauns (600 piastres); but if two such witnesses cannot be produced, the crime remains unpunished, even though it has been publicly committed, and is well known.

8. The flesh of the animals slaughtered according to Hebrew custom, but declared as Trefe, must not be sold to any Mussulmans. The slaughterers are compelled to bury the meat, for even the Christians do not venture to buy it, fearing the mockery and insult of the Persians.

9. If a Jew enters a shop to buy anything, he is forbidden to inspect the goods, but must stand at a respectful distance and ask the price. Should his hand incautiously touch the goods, he must take them at any price the seller chooses to ask for them.

10. Sometimes the Persians intrude into the dwellings of the Jews and take possession of whatever pleases them. Should the owner make the least opposition in defence of his property, he incurs the danger of atoning for it with his life.

11. Upon the least dispute between a Jew and a Persian, the former is immediately dragged before the Achund [religious authority], and, if the complainant can bring forward two witnesses, the Jew is condemned to pay a heavy fine. If he is too poor to pay this penalty in money, he must pay it in his person. He is stripped to the waist, bound to a stake, and receives forty blows with a stick. Should the sufferer utter the least cry of pain during this proceeding, the blows already given are not counted, and the punishment is begun afresh.

12. In the same manner the Jewish children, when they get into a quarrel with those of the Mussulmans, are immediately led before the Achund, and punished with blows. (13. A Jew who travels in Persia is taxed in every inn and every caravanserai he enters. If he hesitates to satisfy any demands that may happen to be made on him, they fall upon him, and maltreat him until he yields to their terms.

14.If, as already mentioned, a Jew shows himself in the street during the three days of the Katel (feast of mourning for the death of the Persian founder of the religion of Ali) he is sure to be murdered.

15. Daily and hourly new suspicions are raised against the Jews, in order to obtain excuses for fresh extortions; the desire of gain is always the chief incitement to fanaticism.

 From “The Jews of Islam” by Bernard Lewis)



1864: Jacob and Amalia Freud gave birth to Pauline “Pauli” Regine, the sister of Sigmund Freud.

1866(18th of Iyar, 5626): Lag B’Omer

1868: The New York Times reports that “many English papers have taken pleasure in describing Mr. Disraeli as an apostate Jew.  In simple truth he is neither one nor the other, in a religious point of view.  His father (Isaac Disraeli) and his mother were Hebrews both of Portuguese parentage.  Benhamin was never instructed in Judaism, because of some quarrel his father had with his synagogue.  When he was about six years old, Rogers, the banker and poset, came to visit Disraeli, the author and finding a bright boy, without religious instruction, too him by permission of his father to own church.  He was therefore brought up in the English Church, and has a least as good a right to the name ‘Christian’ as most of his fellow M.P’s.”

1871: “Murder Will Out” published today described the events surrounding the retrial of Antoine Maurer who is accused of killing a German Jew named Joachim Feurter.  Maurer’s first conviction had been over-turned on appeal.  The motive for the murder may have been tied to money that the killer owed the deceased.

1871(12th of Iyar, 5631): Sixty-eight year old philologist Eduard Munk, the cousin of Salomon Munk, who was a disciple of August Böckh passed away today Gross Glogau.

1872: Today, Levy Rheinberg was buried today at the “West Ham Jewish Cemetery.”

1872: “”A War of Sects” an article published today described a riot that had taken place in Smyrna between Greeks and Jews.  The fighting began after it had been reported that the Jews “had sacrificed an infant” as part of “their religious ceremonies.”  According to these reports several people had been killed and wounded.  While the riot had stopped for the time being, troops had been ordered to the city to prevent a renewal of the violence.

1873:  Theodor Herzl’s Bar Mitzvah (No, I do not know who catered the Kiddush)

1873: In “An Appeal for Hebrew Children” published today sought contributions from New Yorkers to provide Jewish orphans and students at the Hebrew free schools with an opportunity “to have a few holidays and enjoy recreation by the sea-side” during the upcoming summer months.

1874: Isaac S. Isaacs, Adolph L. Singer and Oscar S. Straus were among those elected to the Board of Directors of the newly formed Young Men’s Hebrew Association.  Lewis May was chosen as the first president.

1874: YMHA constitution was approved today.

1877: This evening, the Right Rev. Charles Perry, D.D. is scheduled to preach the annual sermon at the meeting of the London Society for Promoting Christianity Amongst the Jews.”

1877: In Bremen, Germany, Ida and Nathan Abraham gave birth to Karl Abraham, the German psychoanalyst who worked with Sigmund Freud.

1877: “The Hebrews in Romania” described attempts by the Board of Delegates of American Israelites to have the President intercede on behalf of Jews of Bucharest and parts of the realm of Prince Charles who have been subjected to a series of unthinkable “barbarities.”



1878(30th of Nisan, 5638) Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1878: In the Ukraine, “Paltiel Nochim and Miriam (Borodinsky) Edlin gave birth to Stanford University educated journalist William Edlin, the husband of Pauline Zlotzovsky who worked for such publications as the Jewish Daily Forward, The Jewish Morning Journal and The Day before becoming the national executive secretary of Keren Hayesod in 1925.

http://findingaids.cjh.org/?pID=1529162

1882: The Czar gave his approval to series of anti-Semitic regulations proposed by Count Ignatiev known collectively as the “May Laws.

1884(8th of Iyar, 5644): Parashat Achrei Mot – Kedoshim

1884: In St. Louis, MO Adolph and Henrietta Ungar gave birth to Arthur Arnold Unger a trustee of the University of Miami (FL) and officer on the Orange Bowl Committee that oversaw this annual New Year’s football game who was the husband of Marcella Ungar

1885: Forty-five year Sally Sanford Mordecai passed away.Sally was the daughter of Brigadier General William Murray and Sally "Eveleth" Maynadier. She married General Alfred Mordecai, II. They were the parents of five children. Her father-in-law was a ranking solider in the U.S. Army prior to the Civil War who resigned rather than take up arms against his Southern family members or the country that he had sworn to protect.  Her husband had no such qualms and served with distinction during the Civil War. 

1886: The National Rabbinical Convention, an organization of Reform clergyman, is scheduled to meet today in Cincinnati, Ohio.

1891: “Russian Jews” published today opened with the statement that “Every American will be glad to see the announcement of a scheme to colonize the Jews who are expelled from the Czar’s dominions on an immense tract” of land in Argentina.  The project is being underwritten by Baron Hirsch.  According to the article, the United States already has too many Jewish immigrants from Russia.  The Russian Jews are described as impoverished, ignorant, a burden on society and a mass who will never assimilate into American life. The article ends by stating that “it is noteworthy that all other civilized countries share our dislike to entertaining the victims of the Czar’s cruelty…”

1891: It was reported today that Russian Jewish immigrants are arriving in the United Kingdom at the rate of nearly 18.000 per year.

1892: Birthdate of Montreal native Dr. Jacob Viner the graduate of McGill University and Harvard who was a long-time Professor Economics at the University of Chicago.

http://www.hetwebsite.net/het/profiles/viner.htm

https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/bios/Viner.html

1892: The cornerstone for a new facility to house the youngsters in the care of Hebrew Brooklyn Orphan asylum was laid today

1894: Council No.5 of the National Council Jewish Women was formed in Newark, NJ, with a membership of 91 led by President Gratta and Secretary Maybaum.

1894: “Mourners’ Prayers will be delivered” tonight at the home of the family of Jesse Seligman, the banker, philanthropist and lead of the Jewish community who died unexpectedly and whose funeral was which was attended by over 2,000 people was held yesterday at Temple Emanuel where  Cantor Sparger and Rabbis Silberman and Gottheil officiated  at the service.

1895: In New York, Governor Morton gave executive approval to a proposal by Assembly Steinberg “authorizing the sale of certain lands to the Hebrew Orphan Asylum of New York City which the city of New York has heretofore conditionally transferred to that institution.”

1895: In Vienna, Lili Mueller and Dr. Herman Carl Mark who converted to Lutheranism when he got married gave birth to Herman Francis Mark “the American chemist known for his contributions to the development of polymer science.

1895: In Posen, Joseph and Clara Kantorowicz gave birth to Professor Ernst Hartwig Kantorowicz whose service in the German Army during World War I led him to give up running the family’s distillery business and pursue and a career in academia.

https://jewishreviewofbooks.com/articles/2656/a-dashing-medievalist/

https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/kantorowicz-ernst-hartwig

1897: Two days after she had passed away, 64 year old August Glensnick, the wife of Jacob Glensnick and the mother of Philip and Mordecai Glesnick  was buried today at the “Plashet Jewish Cemetery” in London.

1898(11th of Iyar, 5658): In Kiev, Blume Neiditch and Moshe Mabovitch gave birth to Golda Mabovitch, the sister of Sheyna and Tzipke Mabovitch, who gained fame Golda Mier whose life reads like one of those grand literary sagas of which television mini-series are made.  Born in Kiev, Ukraine, she experienced Pogroms before coming to America with her family.  As an act of teenage rebellion she fled from her home in Milwaukee to join her sister in Denver.  She moved back to Milwaukee to become a school teacher.  After hearing the recruiting pitch for the Jewish Legion, Ms. Meirson (she Hebraized her name to Meir after the creation of the state of Israel in response to pressure from David Ben Gurion) decided to join the settlers in Palestine.  She was an ardent Zionist as well as socialist which, from an ideological point of view, made her an ideal candidate for life on a kibbutz.  Mrs. Meir, whose name was Meyerson at the time, became increasingly active in the leadership of the Yishuv.  She had a leading role in raising funds from American Jews to buy arms for the underground Jewish military units before 1948.  Disguised as Bedouin, she met with the King of Jordan in an attempt to avert hostilities in 1948.  Her story of Simchat Torah in Moscow after the creation of the state of Israel is an inspirational classic.  She was Foreign Minister and finally became the  “fourth Prime Minister of Israel.  She served from 1969 through 1974, a period that included the Yom Kippur War. She passed away in 1978, having lived to see Sadat's historic trip to Jerusalem.  They met, not as former adversaries, but as grandparents.  Golda, as she was known to all, had a gift for Sadat's grandchild. 

1898: Following the start of the Spanish-American War, The Cleveland (Ohio) Leader reported that “the Jews of the United States through the active efforts of those in Ohio may contribute a sum sufficient to purchase a warship for the United States Government.

1898: “Russian Jews to the Front” published today described efforts to have at least 5,000 mostly recent immigrants enlist in the U.S. Army led by Nathan Straus who “said that heroism and devotion to duty marked the course of Jewish history.”

1899: Governor Theodore Roosevelt signed into law a bill “providing for the consolidation of the Educational Alliance and the Hebrew Free School Association of New York City.

1900: Herzl has a meeting with Austrian Prime Minister Ernest von Koerber. At the request of the Prime Minister, Herzl drafts Koerber's "Language Bill" speech. Herzl agreed to draft the speech as part of his campaign to get the Austrian Prime Minister to help arrange an audience with the Sultan of Turkey.

1900: The week-long convention of the Independent Order of B’nai B’rith which had been meeting at the Auditorium Hotel in Chicago came to a close tonight.  The convention voted to create a new position of Chancellor which “will have supervision of lodges” in Europe and Asia.  The President and the Board of Directors will continue to control the lodges in Canada and the United States.  Leon Levy of New York was elected President and Julius Bien of New York was elected Chancellor. The next convention will take place in New Orleans in 1905.

1901: “One thousand bakers belonging to the Hebrew Bakers’ Union were ordered” to go on strike today “at a mass meeting” six months after their last strike as they demand an agreement for “a ten-hour workday and a six-day working week.”

1902(26th of Nisan, 5662): Parashat Achrei Mot

1902: It was reported to that J.F. Taylor and Company will be published In the Gates of Israel by Herman Bernstein.

1902: Herzl wrote to the Sultan of Turkey appealing for the establishment of a Jewish university in Palestine.  “The idea of a Jewish university, and all that such a university implied, quickly became an integral part of Zionist thinking.

1902: It was reported that Russian Jews make up “quarter of a million” of the population of New York City.

1903; Birthdate of Irish Louis Nathan Cohen, the husband of “Edith Greenlee Saunders Cohen” and he father of Joyce and Philip Nathan Cohen”

1903: “First Mission to Colony of Chinese Orthodox Jews” published today described “preparations for the first ever mission to the Chinese Jews.”



1903: Birthdate of “French philosopher and Marxist theoretician” Georges Politzer.

1904(18th of Iyar, 5664): Lag B’Omer

1904: A cable dispatch to the Times of London from Vienna dated today says, “According to Jewish journal published in Lemberg, Galicia, anti-Jewish excesses took place” on Saturday, April 30 “at Bender, in Bessarabia while the most of the Jews were attending Shabbat Services.  Five people were killed and many were wounded as the mobs attacked shops and homes because they believed the war with Japan was somehow part of an Anglo-American and Jewish act to avenge the pogrom at Kishinev.

1904: One day after he had passed away, Samuel Bernstein, the son of Elias and Sarah Bernstein was buried today in the UK.

1905: As violence rocked the Czar’s empire, “there were practically no disturbance yesterday in the Jewish cities of Soutwestern Russia, dispatches today that the people are in a state of panic.

1906: Approximately, “$35,000 was received today for the joint fund of the Mayor’s committee and the Red Cross organization at the office of Jacob H. Schiff who is Treasurer of both.”

1907: In San Francisco, Mortimer and Florence Isabelle Fleishhacker gave birth to banker and WW II veteran Mortimer Fleishhacker, Jr, the husband of Janet Fleishhacker


1908: “Joseph Cowen of London, one of the leaders of the Zionist movement…told a large audience at Clinton Hall” tonight “of the progress that the movement is making” word of which was greeted with “enthusiastic applause.”

1909: Fire destroys part of the Haskoy, the Constantinople Jewish quarter. Five hundred Jews are left homeless.

1909: Ninety-seven year old David Woolf Marks, the first Rabbi of London’s Reform Synagogue passed away.

https://www.oztorah.com/2008/10/professor-marks-the-oral-law-controversy/#.WupazkxFx9A

1910: In Boston, MA, Sam Corwin and his wife gave birth to Norman Lewis Corwin

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/20/arts/norman-corwin-pioneer-of-radio-dies-at-101.html?pagewanted=all

1911:Dr. Solomon Schechter, the President of the Jewish Theological Institute, who has just returned from an eleven months' vacation, said tonight that he had been spending most of the time resting. His mind has been active, however, if his pen has not, and he has already thought of a subject for another book which is to deal with the Jew in Northern Africa.

1912: Vittoli Effendi Fradji of Constantinople, Ezekiel Effendi Sassoon of Baghdad, Nissim Effendi Mazliach of Smyrna and Emanuel Effendi Karasa of Salonica are all re-elected to the Turkish parliament.

1913(26th of Nisan, 5673): Parashat Kedoshim

1913: Today twenty-four year old Columbia University alum Samuel Blitz, the Lemberg born son of Hirsch and Yetta Blitz and the Secretary of the Zionist Council of Greater New York and who, as an organizer for the ZOA “traveled throughout the U.S. and Canada, visiting nearly every Jewish community in both countries” married Amelia Hirsch.

1913: Rabbi Felix Levy conducted services at Temple Emanuel in Chicago.

1913: Rabbi Julius Rapport conducted services at Temple Beth El in Chicago.

1913: In Vienna, Felix and Else Kohut gave birth to Heinz Kohut an Austrian-born American psychoanalyst best known for his development of Self psychology, an influential school of thought within psychodynamic/psychoanalytic theory which helped transform the modern practice of analytic and dynamic treatment approaches. (For more see, Heinz Kohut: The Making of a Psychoanalyst by Charles Strozier)

1913: It was reported today that “A.L. Tribourg a Sioux City, Iowa attorney has been elected President of the Board of Public Libraries.

1913: It was reported today that Rabbi Emanuel Sternheim of Greenville, Mississippi, has been elected a member of the International Society of the Apocrypha in England.

1913: In what might be viewed as an early celebration of his 70thbirthday, Dr. Kaufmann Kohler who served as Rabbi of Temple Beth-El for 24 years and is now Rabbi Emeritus was honored by more than 500 friends and congregants at this morning’s Shabbat services.

1913: This evening, the Eastern Council of Reform Rabbis hosted a banquet honoring Dr. Kaufmann Kohler, the President of the Hebrew Union College.

1913: In New York, the Jewish Forum at Columbia University is scheduled to host a reception in honor of Professor Richard Gottheil.

1914: “Oscar S. Strauss, the former Secretary of Commerce and Labor and former Ambassador to Turkey, delivered a speech tonight at the Brooklyn Young Men’s Hebrew Association where he “declared that the origin of republican institutions in American must sought in the Puritan ideals of the Old Testament commonwealth” and continued they took their spirit “from the history of the children of Israel from Joshua to Saul.”

1915: It was reported today that Louis D. Brandeis has publicly declared that “Disabilities are imposed upon the Jews in Russia where they are denied the freedom to move about, the right to own land the rights fundamental to the pursuit of life, liberty and happiness” and that “to win these rights is the only solution for the Jewish problem for any other solution involves suicide and death to Jewish aspirations.”

1915: It was reported today that under the auspices of Baron de Hirsch Fund, “Jews have been sent to 1,700 different communities in the United States and Canada where working conditions were more suited to them than was the case in the congregated districts like New York City” and that “in 15 years 70,000 Jews have been sent West.”

1915:  Solomon Rabinowitz, who writes under the name of Sholom Aleichem, was the guest of honor at tonight’s annual meeting of the Educational Alliance where the keynote addressed was given by Jacob H. Schiff.

1915: In Chicago, following the formation of a Leo M. Frank Committee it was announced that a mass meeting will be held at the Powers Theatre to protest against the execution of Leo M. Frank.

1915: Acting on behalf of the state of Georgia, “Solicitor General Dorsey applied today to Judge Hill for a writ of habeas corpus directing the immediate presence of Leo M. Frank in court for resentence to death as the slayer of Mary Phagan” and Judge Hill announced, in response, “that he would take no action on the petition before the mandate of the United States Supreme Court is handed down.”

1915: President Ralph A. Newman was the toastmaster at the seventh annual dinner of the Harvard Menorah Society which was attended by approximately 200 men at the Hotel Lenox in Boston, MA.

1916(30thof Nisan, 5676): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1916(30thof Nisan, 5676): Sixty-eight year old Chamber of Commerce member Isaac Barron passed away today in Shreveport, LA.

1916: In Hot Springs, AR, dedication of the Leo N. Levi Memorial Hospital

1916: In a marriage of two labor activists in the garment industry, Bessie Abramowitz married Sidney Hillman. She became Bessie Abramowitz Hillman.

1916: In the conflict between the owners of the renovated Rialto Theatre which included Felix Kahn of Kuhn, Loeb & Co., and Oscar Hammerstein, “the theatre said that the rooms desired by Mr. Hammerstein were to be used by the press department and that the agreement that Hammerstein was to occupy the rooms was drawn by himself and was unsigned.”

1916: In responding to a proposal made by the Reform Rabbis to remove “The Merchant of Venice” from the New York City Sir Hebert Tree was reported to have said today that “The Jews today are perhaps the most potent race on the earth.  Surely they can afford not to be too sensitive of criticism.”  “To banish Shylock from the stage would be to banish one of the most important characters of Shakespeare’s Genius” especially since “he gave Shylock the domestic virtues and vices of his race, those vices which had been called forth by the oppression of the Middle Ages.” 

1917(11th of Iyar, 5677): Twenty-eight year old Captain of Artillery Maxime Charles Gustave Berr, the son of Louis Lehmann Berr and Henriette Alice Berr and the husband of Claire Andrée Clarisse Sara Berr died while serving in the French Army during WW I.

1917: In Russia, “the Jews of Constanigrad have signed $5,000,000 rubles for the liberty loan.

1917: Abraham Isaac "Abe" Shiplacoff’s resolution requesting “Woodrow Wilson to reconsider his appointment of Elihu Root as head of the United States Commission to Russia” was “hooted down by the members of the” the New York State Assembly.

1917: “Samuel Untermyer, speaking tonight at Cooper Union to 3,000 member of the Jewish League of American Patriots deplored he selection of Elihu Root as the head of the proposed American commission to Russia on the ground that Mr. Root was not in sympathy with and no understanding of Jewish aspirations and problems” and that while “he did not advocate his removal…he suggested that the President might was to appoint some representative Jew to its membership.

1917: Birthdate of Patricia M. Brodkin, the wife of producer and director Herbert Brodkin.

1918: In Vienna, “The Christian Socialist deputies in the Reichsrath introduced an interpellation demand the establishment of a percentage limitation for Jewish students in all higher educational institutions” while other deputies are calling for limiting the number of Jewish students to three per cent.

1918: In Camden, NJ, the ten teams working to add additional members to the Young Women’s Hebrew Association and the Young Men’s Hebrew Association showed renewed vigor tonight when they found out that work will soon be starting on the construction of a new home for the two organizations.



1918: In Greece, a newly enacted law which had a negative impact on the owners of property that had been destroyed led to many Jews leaving for the United States, France, Italy and Egypt.  Many of these Jews had lost their property in the great fire of August 17, 1917

1919(3rdof Iyar, 5679): Parashat Kedoshim

1919: In Chicago, Rabbi Abram Hirschberg conducted services at Temple Sholom.

1919: In Chicago Rabbi Joseph Hevesh conducted services at Temple Anshe Emes.

1919: In Chicago, Rabbi Julius Rapport conducted services at Temple Beth El.

1919: As the German government sought to bring down the Bavarian Soviet Republic, the army “assisted by the Freikorps” retook Munich where they killed and arrested many of the revolutionaries including Eugen Leviné

1919: Birthdate of Irish gynecologist and family planning pioneer Dr. Michael Solomons.

http://www.irishtimes.com/news/pioneer-of-family-planning-1.987726

1919: After attending the final meeting of the American Academy of Political and Social Scientists in today in Philadelphia, Mrs. Nathaniel E. Harris, the President of the Council of Jewish Women went to Cincinnati to attend the 25thanniversary celebration of the Cincinnati Section of the Council of Jewish Women.

1919: In Manhattan, musicologist Charles Seeger and concert violinist Constance de Clyver Edson Seeger gave birth to folk singer and social activist Peter “Pete” Seeger.

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/01/29/arts/music/pete-seeger-songwriter-and-champion-of-folk-music-dies-at-94.html?hpw&rref=obituaries

1920: In Vienna, the university remained closed “owing to anti-Semitic demonstrations by German Nationalist students” who drove “the Jewish students from the lecture halls and classrooms.”

1922(5thof Iyar, 5682): Seventy-four year old Alice Charlotte von Rothschild, the “eighth and youngest child of Anselm von Rothschild passed away today.

https://trc-leiden.nl/trc-needles/people-and-functions/collectors/rothschild-alice-charlotte-von-1847-1922

1923: In Palestine, filming of “Palestine Awakening” written by American Zionist William Topkis (As reported by David Geffen)

1924: Aleph Zadik Aleph, popularly known as AZA is formed in Omaha, Nebraska by Sam Beber.

1924: Birthdate of Ludewig Pfeuffer, the native of Wurzberg whose family moved to Petah Tivkva when he was eleven and who gained fame as prize winning poet Yehuda Amichai.

http://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems-and-poets/poets/detail/yehuda-amichai

http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/01/04/like-a-prayer#

1925: President Calvin Coolidge helped dedicate the cornerstone of the Washington, D.C. Jewish Community center.

1926:  Birthdate of dramatist Herbert Blau

1926: In the same year it was released in the United States, “She” a fantasy film directed and produced by G.B. Samuelson with music by Louis Levy was released in Finland today.

1926(13thof Iyar, 5686): Seventy five year old Oscar Solomon Straus who became the first Jewish Cabinet Secretary when he served as Secretary of Commerce and Labor under Teddy Roosevelt, passed away today.

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/Oscar_Straus.html

1927: “A Night in Spain” a review with music by Side Silvers opened at the 44thStreet Theatre today.

1927: In Brooklyn, Sidney Lazarus and the former Frances “Frankie” Mushkin gave birth to cartoonist Melvin Lazarus.

https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/26/arts/design/mell-lazarus-cartoonist-of-miss-peach-and-momma-dies-at-89.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

1927: In Germany, Michael and Toni Lehmann gave birth to Horst Lazard Lehman who came to the United States with his family in 1938 where he graduated from high school, served in the Army and pursued a career as Rabbi in the Reform movement.

http://findingaids.cjh.org/?pID=2487976

1928: “Show Boat,” the Jerome Kern/Oscar Hammerstein II musical based on the novel by Edna Ferber premiered for the first time in London at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane.

1928: According to reports published today, the employment picture is improving after an 18 month slowdown.  Among the causes for the improvement are the growth of the orange industry, improving conditions in businesses located in Tel Aviv including textiles, chocolate and box making and the construction work on the Rutenberg hydroelectric concession on the Jordan River near the Sea of Galilee.

1928(13thof Iyar, 5688): Isabel Caroline Steinfeld, the daughter of Martha Levy and Maurice Steinfeld passed away today in Madison, Wisconsin.

1929: “Inherited Passions” “a silent drama film” starring Maria Matray was released in Germany today.

1929:Jews praying at the Western Wall are attacked by Arabs.

1931: Birthdate of Joseph LIchtman, the native of Brooklyn who gained fame as dancer, choreographer and director Joe Layton.

http://archives.nypl.org/the/18398

1932(27thof Nisan, 5692): Sixty-five year old Lee Kamioner, the native of Germany, Colorado silver miner and Denver clothing merchant and Democratic Alderman who at the age of thirty came to New York where he founded the Hub Clothing Company, became a real estate owner and a philanthropist supporting the Convalescent Homer for Hebrew Children.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1932/05/05/100731196.pdf

1933:  Birthdate of Steven Weinberg, recipient of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1979, supporter of Israel who expressed his views in “an essay title ‘Zionism and Cultural Adversaries’” and husband of U.T. law professor Louise Weinberg.

http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1979/weinberg-bio.html

1934: In Alexandria, Egypt Sarah and Nessim Mustacchi gave birth to singer/songwriter Georges Moustaki

1934(18thof Iyar, 5694): Lag B’Omer

1934(18thof Iyar, 5694): Fifty-nine year old Samuel Elfenbein, “the son of Rosa and Moses Elfenbein” passed away today in Brunswick, GA.

1934:  “A three-day celebration of the 25thanniversary of the founding of Tel-Aviv…culminated today with a tribute to the veteran 72 year old founder and present Mayor, Meyer Dizengoff.  More than 10,000 school children marched through the streets to the municipal building carrying baskets of flowers, where were presented to the Mayor.  Two new streets were named for him and his late wife, despite his protests that he was unworthy of such an honor.”

1934: The trial of Abba Ahimeir, Abraham Stavsky and Ze'evi Rosenblatt the three men accused of murdering Dr. Chaim Arlosoroff, Jewish Labor party leader, at Tel-Aviv last June, reopened today with the court ruling against the request of Horace Samuel, counsel for the defense, to strike out evidence resulting from police line-ups in which the three accused were identified. Samuel contended that the police had “guided Mrs. Arlosoroff” in identifying the accused.

1935: Birthdate of businessman Ron Popeil who gained fame and fortune with Ginsu knives and “Mr. Microphone.”

1935: Arguments before the Supreme Justices including Louis Brandeis and Benjamin Cardozo in the case of “A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States,” continued for a second and final day.

1935: For the second day in a row, temperatures in Palestine reach 104 degrees “in the shade.”  The coastal settlements and cities, including Tel Aviv were most affected by the unusual heat wave.  Temperatures in Palestine average 65 in May and 74 during July and August.  In modern times, the temperature record belongs to a day in August 1881 when the thermometer reached 112.

1936: This morning “junior member of the religious school of Congregation Emanu-El” in New York, presented a pageant “The Ten Commandments” in commemoration of the upcoming celebration of the festival of Shavuot which “marks the giving of the commandments to Moses.”

1936: Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau, Jr. made his first appearance at public dinner in New York in three years when he joined 750 other people in paying tribute to Judge Lehman at dinner tonight at the Hotel Astor where his sixtieth birthday celebration was combing with honoring his 15 years of service as President of the Jewish Welfare Board.

1936: Today, as the Arab strike enters into its 12th day, the stoppage is holding firm everywhere except in Haifa “and the Jews who are most pessimistic over the outcome of this unrest” “are keeping out of the Arab quarters” while “going about their normal business.”

1936: While speaking at a meeting of the B’nai B’rith at Atlantic City, NJ, “Representative Samuel Dickstein of New York, the chairman of the House Immigration, Naturalization and Deportation Committee declared that while the Hitler government refused to meet its obligations to American bondholder, it spent almost $32,000,000 to spread propaganda against the Jews in the United States.”



1936: The New York Times described the work that has gone into building the soon-to-be opened modern water system that will finally give Jerusalem a reliable supply of water.  This is the culmination of a ten year effort, the last two of which have resulted in the construction of four pumping stations at Ra-el Ain, Latrun, Bab El Wad and Romna.  Each of the pumping stations is at a successively higher elevation.  The work was made all the more difficult by the topography of the Judean Hills and the layers of hard work through which the workers had to dig.

1936: Joseph C. Hyman Secretary of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee was reported to have issued a reassurance that although the Joint will continue providing financial assistance and travel funds for those seeking to leave Europe for Palestine, it will not be able to allocate additional funds because of other demands with which it is dealing.

1937: Rabbi Joseph Konvitz of Newark, president of the Union of Orthodox Rabbis in the United States and Canada, said tonight, at opening the annual convention of the Union of Orthodox Rabbis in the United States and Canada that “the present Federal administration has set an example for believers in democracy everywhere,

1938: The Flossenburg Concentration Camp became operational.  The camp was located in Germany and would be liberated by the Americans in April, 1945.  Several of the conspirators who sought to kill Hitler in June, 1944, were executed at Flossenburg.  These included the famous Admiral Canaris whose diary has provided a treasure trove about German activities during this period.

1939(14thof Iyar, 5699): Pesach Sheni

1939: Hoping to establish rapprochement with Nazi Germany, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin replaces his Jewish commissar for foreign affairs, Maksim Litvinov, with the less British-oriented Viacheslav Molotov.  The result of all this would be a non-aggression pact between the two dictators in August of 1939 that would shock the world.  At the same time it would give Hitler the green light to invade Poland from the east.  The Soviets later invaded from the west and the two totalitarian butchers shared in the spoils of Poland.

1939: Just months before Hitler and Stalin signed the non-aggression pact that made possible the start of WW II in Europe Stalin removed his Jewish Commissar for Foreign Affairs, Maxim Litvinov, which facilitated the negotiations with the Nazis.

1939: Ravensbruck, a concentration camp for women, was established.

 1939: The Budapest "Jewish Law" prohibits any Hungarian Jew from becoming a judge, a lawyer a schoolteacher or a member of the Hungarian parliament.

1940: At noon today, Illinois Congressman Adolph J. Sabath met with President Roosevelt in the White House.

1940: Associate Justice Felix Frankfurter had lunch with President Roosevelt in the White House this afternoon.

1941: Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring came to the Jeu de Paume Museum in Paris1941: Time magazine published an article titled “Germany: Problem in Subtraction” reported that The arithmetic that Hitler has taught to Jews in the Third Reich has been the misery of subtraction. From all of them he has taken something: privileges, property, homes, life. Simplest subtraction has been the decrease of the Reich's Jewish population by emigration, deportation and death.

Currently:

In Germany—500,000 Jews minus 310,000 equals 190,000.

In Austria—180,000 Jews minus 135,000 equals 45,000.

In Czecho-Slovakia—185,000 Jews minus 25,000 equals 160,000.

Within the last fortnight two sardine-packed trains left Vienna, as the Nazis applied themselves again to this problem. Aboard each were more than 1,000 Jews bound for limbo—the new barbed-wire ghetto near Lublin in Poland. Elsewhere sealed trains crossed the border with more Jews (mostly very old and very young) for the starved concentration camps of unoccupied France. From Vienna alone the Nazis promised to dump five to twelve more trainloads a month. Hitler's final solution to his problem in subtraction is zero—to be reached, according to the most sanguine reports from Germany, in just six more weeks.

1942: Nazis required Dutch Jews to wear a Jewish star

1942(16th of Iyar, 5702): Sixty-two year old Posen native Felix Pinner, the “economist and editor-in-chief of the Berliner Tageblatt who came to the United States in 1939 died in Queens, New York City.

1943(28th of Nisan, 5703): German troops in the "Aryan" section of Warsaw arrest and kill 21 women who are Jewish or suspected of being Jewish.

 1943(28th of Nisan, 5703): A Jewish man named Rakowski, an underground leader at the Treblinka death camp, is shot when currency intended to bribe Ukrainians to help him and a few others escape is discovered in his barrack.

1944: The first of a number of new factories at Auschwitz opened up in preparation to receive laborers from the deportation of Hungarian Jews. New labor camps opened in Myslowice, Bobrek, and Sosnoweic in preparation for the same action. 

1944: At Gleiwitz, Poland, near Auschwitz, Germans open a slave-labor plant for production of "black smoke" for use in smoke screens.

1944(10thof Iyar, 5704): Eighty-two year old Sadie American, the Chicago born daughter of Amelia (Smith) American and German born businessman Oscar American, a leading woman’s activist who was best known for co-founding and leading the National Council of Jewish Women passed away today.

https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/american-sadie

https://jwa.org/people/american-sadie

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/sadie-american

1944(10th of Iyar): Poet Isaac Katzenelson murdered at Auschwitz

1945: Birthdate of Jeffrey Connor Hall, the Professor Emeritus of Biology at Brandeis who “was awarded the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.”

1945: Fifty-eight year old Herbert Farjeon, a major figure in the world of British theatre who was the son of Benjamin Leopold Farjeon passed away today.

1945(20thof Iyar, 5705): Eighty year old Bernard Flexner, “the founder and first president of the Palestine Economic Corporation” passed away today in New York

https://rbsc.princeton.edu/collections/bernard-flexner-papers

1945: In the U.S. premiere of “The Valley of Decision” based on a novel by Marcia Davenport who co-authored the script with Sonya Levien and filmed by cinematographer Joseph Ruttenberg.

1945: At Mauthausan Concentration Camp, the task of guarding the camp was handed to a police unit from Vienna.

1945(20thof Iyar, 5705): Sixty-seven year old Chicago native Elias Mayer the Northwestern University trained lawyer who served as “secretary of the Council of Jewish Federations and Welfare Funds in the United States and a director of the Jewish Charities of Chicago passed away today.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1945/05/06/313702492.pdf

1945(20th of Iyar, 5705): Approximately 9400 Jewish prisoners who had been evacuated from Neuengamme and marched to Lübeck, Germany, are loaded by their overseers onto two ships, the Thielbeck and the Cap Arcona, apparently for no other purpose but a Nazi hope that the Jews would die while on board. British planes, unaware that the ships are not hostile, attack. Both ships sink in the Lübeck harbor within 15 minutes. Survivors who attempt to swim to shore are fired upon by waiting members of the Hitler Youth, Volkstrum, and the SS. Of the 9400 prisoners, only about 2400 survive

http://www.jpost.com/Magazine/Features/Death-on-the-Baltic





                                                                      OR



1945(20th of Iyar, 5705): In the worst friendly-fire incident in history - Britain's Royal Air Force killed more than 7,000 survivors of Nazi concentration camps who were crowded onto ships in Lubeck harbor, Germany. The ragged masses that had survived the Holocaust stood no chance against the guns of their liberators. This tragic mistake occurred one day before the British accepted the surrender of all German forces in the region. Reports of the incident were quickly hushed up - as a jubilant world prepared to celebrate the Allied victory in Europe. Despite the bitter irony of dying in hellish fires on sinking ships just hours before liberation, the tragedy was quickly forgotten or resolutely ignored. The anniversary of this dark day will soon pass by again - largely unnoticed or unmentioned. By early May 1945, the rumors of Hitler's suicide had rekindled hope for beleaguered prisoners in Nazi concentration camps. The Red Army had just conquered Berlin; the British held Hamburg and Americans were in Munich and Vienna. After surviving unspeakable horrors and deprivations for years, the battered prisoners could finally dare to hope that their day of deliverance was at hand. In the closing weeks of World War II, thousands of prisoners from the Neuengamme concentration camp near Hamburg, the Mittelbau-Dora camp at Nordhausen and the Stutthof camp near Danzig were marched to the German Baltic coast. Most of the inmates were Jews and Russian POWs, but they also included communist sympathizers, pacifists, Jehovah's Witnesses, homosexuals, prostitutes, Gypsies and other perceived enemies of the Third Reich. At the port of L beck almost 10,000 camp survivors were crowded onto three ships: Cap Arcona, Thielbeckand Athen. No one knew what the Nazis were planning to do, or what plans the Allies had already set into motion. Although the final surrender was imminent, British Operational Order No. 73 for May 3 was to "destroy the concentration of enemy shipping in L beck Bay." While thousands of camp prisoners were being ferried out to the once-elegant Hamburg-Sud Amerika liner Cap Arcona, the RAF's 263rd, 197th, 198th and 184th squadrons were arming their Hawker Typhoon fighter-bombers with ammunition, bombs and rockets. At 2:30 p.m. on May 3, at least 4,500 prisoners were aboard the Cap Arcona as the first attack began. Sixty-four rockets and 15 bombs hit the liner in two separate attacks. As the British strafed the stricken ship from the air, Nazi guards on shore fired on those who made it into the water. Only 350 prisoners survived. The Thielbeck - which had been flying a white flag - and the poorly marked hospital ship Deutschland were attacked next. Although Thielbeck was just a freighter in need of repairs, it was packed with 2,800 prisoners. The overcrowded freighter sank in just 20 minutes, killing all but 50 of the prisoners. In less than two hours, more than 7,000 concentration camp refugees were dead from the friendly fire. Two thousand more would have died if the captain of the Athen had not refused to take on additional prisoners in the morning before the attack. Most who were familiar with the Cap Arcona disaster believed that the Nazis intended to sink the ships at sea to kill everyone on board. Hundreds of prisoners had already been killed on the forced marches from the camps. In this case, however, RAF Fighter Command did their killing for them. In the Cap Arcona/Thielbeck/Athendisaster, the tragic deaths of so many who had suffered so much for so long were quickly forgotten. After years of unprecedented bloodletting and destruction, the nations involved were in shambles, their populations numbed by suffering and death. The unfortunate victims who perished at the close of history's worst conflagration were quickly lost in the fleeting euphoria of peace. In 1945, at the close of the war in Europe, the victorious British and their American allies did not want a media disaster overshadowing their V-E Day celebrations. When the extent of the friendly-fire incident became known at Westminster, the British government and Allied Command effectively prevented most news of the disaster from spreading from Germany. Beyond war-weariness and postwar jubilation, other factors conspired to ensure that the valiant prisoners who died at the threshold of freedom would not be given much attention in the world press. In a war in which the British had paid so high a price to defeat the Nazis, to even criticize their forces was tantamount to siding with the devil. Then postwar Germany quickly became one of the "good guys" as an important frontline ally in the Cold War against communism. As such, most Germans preferred not to draw attention to their own war atrocities. Millions of Jews, Russians, Serbs, Poles and others had already been killed by the Nazis. Tens of millions more were homeless refugees, with many near starvation. The memory of 7,000 or 8,000 concentration camp survivors killed by mistake would soon wash away in the tide of history in a violent age. Britain has never officially apologized for its tragic mistake at L beck Bay, nor has it honored the innocent victims with a proper memorial. The RAF records of the disaster are sealed until 2045, one century after the attack. No British government document has referred to the estimated 7,500 victims of its mistake. In May 1990, Germany opened a two-room museum dedicated to the memory of the victims of the Cap Arcona tragedy in the small port city of Neustadt-in-Holstein. A memorial monument was erected on the beach nearby at Pelzerhaken, where many of the bodies washed ashore and were buried. Other monuments were erected along L beck Bay and at the Neuengamme Camp Memorial southeast of Hamburg. Much has been written in German about the tragedy, but surprisingly little about the Cap Arcona has made it to the English press. On a recent visit to the memorial, a helpful resident of Neustadt said to me: "So your family is German?" I said, "No.""Oh, then you are Jewish?" Again I said, "No." My new acquaintance looked puzzled. Eventually he asked: "Well how could you possibly know about this?" I asked myself: "Why did it take me a half century to find out?" A Jewish dental student, Benjamin Jacobs, gives a firsthand account of the friendly fire attack in The Dentist of Auschwitz (University of Kentucky Press, 1995). Along with Eugene Pool, the Boston dentist also wrote The 100 Year Secret: Britain's Hidden World War II Massacre (Lyons Press, 2004). Documentaries on the subject, such as Lawrence Bond's Typhoons' Last Storm, have had only limited publicity. According to legend, Pheidippides was an Athenian herald who ran from the battlefield at Marathon to Athens 2,500 years ago. After announcing the Greek victory over the Persians, he allegedly died on the spot. The tale has been widely propagated by organizers of modern athletic events. Surviving the horrors of concentration camps - one day at a time - is in many respects like a marathon run. Mere survival under such brutal conditions surely tested the endurance of both body and spirit. And like the mythical runner, thousands of inmates made it all the way to the end of their agonizing journeys only to perish at the finish line. A half-century after the ill-fated air raid, we still know very little about the Jews, the Russians and other prisoners who survived so much before dying on the finish line in May 1945. By the time British records are unsealed in 2045, all children and most grandchildren of the victims will be gone. Historians will pore over the tragic details of the Cap Arcona disaster with the same level of detachment that we now feel for events such as the Franco-Prussian War or the siege of Sevastopol. There is no question that the friendly-fire fiasco was a tragic error made during a routine military operation. Despite the terrible consequences, few reasonable people would condemn the British for their ill-fated raid. Some Hitler apologists have even attempted to use such mistakes to blame the Allies for monstrous crimes committed by the Nazis. Yet the continued avoidance of criticizing friends does not justify shunning all mention of the innocent victims of the attack. Whether embarrassing or not, the 7,500 Cap Arconavictims deserve to be remembered.

1945: The Inspector General began an investigation in charges of “alleged mistreatment” of German Guards at Dachau by U.S. soldiers.

1946: Today, Dr. Umberto Nahon a leader of the Italian Zionist Organization said that the 1, 014 Jewish refugees who have been stranded at La Spezia for the past month have agreed that none of them will leave for Palestine until all of them have received visas so they can immigrate together.

1947(13th of Iyar, 5707): Parashat Achrei Mot-Kedoshm

1947: Since today has been designated as “United Jewish Appeal Sabbath by the Synagogue Council of America” rabbis delivered sermons that “stressed the needs of Europe’s 1,500,000 Jewish survivors and offered prayers for the success of the $170,000,000 United Jewish Appeal campaign” designed to alleviate their suffering.

1948: The U.S. Supreme Court decided that deed covenants prohibiting the sale of real estate based on race or religion are legally unenforceable. This opened the doorway for Jews to move into many of what

had been “restricted” neighborhoods.  In some places, effectively whole towns had been off-limits to Jews.  Realtors and bigots would not go gently into the night and they found other creative ways to try and excluded Jews.  One of the most elegant areas in Washington, D.C. was called Spring Valley, a restricted subdivision that was home to Vice President Richard M. Nixon.

1948: The Supreme Court issued a decision in United States v. Paramount Pictures, Inc.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_v._Paramount_Pictures,_Inc

1948(24th of Nisan, 5708): Sixty-three year old Hebron native and JTS ordained rabbi, Raphael Melamed, the holder of a doctorate from Dropsie College who had led Temple B’nai Israel in Elizabeth, NJ where he worked “to foster better understanding between religious groups” passed away today after suffering fatal heart attack.

1949: In New York, film executive David Raphel, the grandson of Baron David de Gunzburg and his wife gave birth to American author Monique Raphel High.

1949: Herbert Lehman, the former Governor of New York “who is on an inspection tour for the American Joint Distribution Committee” will entrain for Marseille today “where he will visit refugee camps and watch the embarkation” of the first of the ten thousand displaced person going to Israel during the month of May.

1950: The Indian League organized a meeting in memory of the late Harold Laski during which Indian Prime Minister Nehru said: “It is difficult to realize that Professor Harold Laski is no more. Lovers of freedom all over the world pay tribute to the magnificent work that he did. We in India are particularly grateful for his staunch advocacy of India's freedom, and the great part he played in bringing it about. At no time did he falter or compromise on the principles he held dear, and a large number of persons drew splendid inspiration from him. Those who knew him personally counted that association as a rare privilege, and his passing away has come as a great sorrow and a shock.”



1951: Birthdate of Pierre Lellouche, the Tunisian born Jew who has been active in French and European politics including serving as President of the NATO Parliamentary Assembly.

1953(18th of Iyar, 5713): Lag B’Omer

1953: In Westbury, NY, Seymour and Joan Blecker gave birth to Irene Blecker the holder of multiple degrees from Cornell gained fame as Dr. Irene Blecker Rosenfeld, the CEO of Kraft Food and number 6 on “The Wall Street Journal’s 50 Women to Watch list.”

1954: In Oakland, CA, Walter S. and Jean Scheib gave birth to Walter Scheib III who grew up in Bethesda, MD to become the White House Chef for Presidents Clinton and Bush.

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/23/us/walter-scheib-innovative-former-white-house-chef-is-dead-at-61.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1956/05/04/86569004.html?pageNumber=25

1956(22nd of Iyar, 5716): Eighty-six year old Bohemian born and Chicago College of Law trained attorney Joseph Sabath the long time serving Superior Court Justice and husband of Regina Sabath with whom he raised two children and who was the brother Congressman Adoph J. Sabath, “the dean of the House of Representative when he died in 1952” passed away today.

1957:  Walter O'Malley, the owner of the Brooklyn Dodgers, agrees to move the team from Brooklyn, New York, to Los Angeles, California. Because of Brooklyn’s large Jewish population, the team had “tons” of Jewish fans. O’Malley was vilified for moving the team.  Decades later, we found out that the O’Malley wanted to keep the team in Brooklyn.  He was thwarted by Robert Moses who had his priorities for New York that included a baseball park outside of Brooklyn that would become known as Shea Stadium. 

1958: “Stakeout on Dope Street’ which marked the directorial debut of Irvin Kershner was released in the United States today.

1958: Sofia Cosma, the Jewish pianist who ended being imprisoned in Siberia when she was trying to escape the Nazis at the start of WW II, performed for the first time in Lasi.

1958: In Copenhagen, Claus Toksvig and his wife gave birth to Sandi Toksvig author of Hitler’s Canary, a novel set in Denmark during the German occupation which tells the story of a family involved in the resistance movement that helped to save the Danish Jews during WW II.

1959: Birthdate of Ben Elton, a London born comedian, author, playwright and television director whose father was “of German-Jewish descent” and whose mother was not.

1960: The Anne Frank House, a museum dedicated to Jewish wartime diarist Anne Frank, opened in Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

1960(6th of Iyar, 5720): Seventy-nine year old Alfred Whital Stern retired clothing executive and avid collector of Lincoln memorabilia passed away in Chicago.

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=FA0D11FF3D5C1A728DDDAC0894DD405B808AF1D3

1962(28th of Nisan, 5722): Eighty year old Russian born, long time director of “the United Hias Service Morris Asofsky, known as  “The Voice of HIAS” due to his long running program on WEVD and the husband of Flora Asofsky with whom he had raised one daughter, passed away today in Tel Aviv.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1962/05/05/80389314.pdf

1969(15th of Iyar. 5729): Seventy-nine year old cinematographer Karl W. Freund whose work included the 1927 classic Metropolis to the I Love Lucy television series.

1973: “Touch Me in the Morning” one of the top singles of 1973 conceived of by songwriter and producer by Michael Masser was released today.

1973: Birthdate of Portland, OR native movie producer and sportswriter Max Handled the University of Pennsylvania grad and AEPi brother who wrote Why Fantasy Football Matters (And Our Lives Do Not) while raising a family with his wife, actress Elizabeth Banks.

1975(22nd of Iyar, 5735): Parashat Behar-Bechukotai

1975(22nd of Iyar, 5735): Seventy Six year old Columbia grad and JTS ordained Rabbi Elliot Burstein, the  New Haven, CT,  born son of “Dr. S.P. and Pauline (Berman) Burstein and  the husband of Charlotte Greenfield, who served Congregation Beth Israel for 42 years passed away today.

https://magnes.berkeley.edu/collections/archives/western-jewish-americana/burstein-elliot-papers-1920-1969

1976: Thirty-three passers-by were injured when a booby-trapped motor scooter exploded at the corner of Ben Yehuda and Ben Hillel Streets. Among those injured were the Greek consul in Jerusalem and his wife. The following day, on the eve of Independence Day, the municipality organized an event at the site of the attack, under the slogan: "Nevertheless."

1976: Paul “Simon put together a benefit show at Madison Square Garden to raise money for the New York Public Library.”

1976: Pulitzer Prize awarded to Saul Bellow for Humboldt's Gift. Born in Canada in 1915, Bellow moved to Chicago as a child in the 1920's.  A graduate of Northwestern University, where he was told to forget about writing since no Jew could appreciate the English language.  Before becoming a successful writer, Bellow taught college, worked for the board of the Encyclopedia Britannica and served in the U.S. Merchant Marine during World War II.  His first novel was the Dangling ManHumboldt's Gift, which appeared in 1975, "was narrated in the first person. The protagonist, Charlie Citrine, is a writer, rich and successful. But in his heart he knows that he is a failure - he is under the thumb of a small-time Chicago gangster, ruined by a divorce and finally abandoned by his mistress. He admires his dead friend, Von Humboldt Fleischer, modeled on the poet Delmore Schwartz (1913-1966). Humboldt, a talent wasted, represents for him all that is important in culture. Citrine continues the series of Bellow's losers, from Herzog to Sammler, but like his other novels, it is not gloomy, and finds a comic side even in its protagonist's tragedy."

1978: Birthdate of Herzliya native and award winning actress and singer Miri Mesika.

1978(26th of Nisan, 5738): Ninety-one year old Pinchas Rosen, Israel’s first Minister of Justice passed away today.

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=F70812FC395413728DDDAD0894DD405B888BF1D3

1979: Premiere of “Bent” a play by Martin Sherman that “revolves around the persecution of homosexuals in Nazi Germany.”

1981: The New York Timesreported that The Israel Festival has been canceled for this summer. The decision was made in order ''to spread festival events out over a greater period of time, rather than concentrating them within a span of six weeks,'' according to a government spokesman. Instead there will be two smaller festivals, the Spring in Jerusalem Festival and the Proms '81, both of which will take place in Jerusalem.

1981: In New York, light from hundreds of candles flickered on polished mosaic tile as the sounds of the ghetto songs of decades ago echoed in Temple Emanu-El. As they have for 10 years, thousands of Jews and non-Jews gathered to recall the spirit of the Warsaw ghetto uprising of 1943

1981: Beginning of Jewish Heritage Week in the United States as proclaimed by President Ronald Reagan.

1981(29th of Nisan, 5741): Seventy-nine year old tennis champion and winner of the bronze medal in the shot-put passed away today in New York.

http://www.nytimes.com/1981/05/05/sports/maud-blumenthal-tennis-player-who-won-many-titles-in-1930-s.html

1985: “Private Resort,” a comedy that marked the film debut of Rob Morrow was released today in the United States.

1987: Saul P. Steinberg and Barbara Steinberg, both of New York, have announced the engagement of their daughter, Laura S. Steinberg, to Jonathan M. Tisch, president of Loews Hotels who is a son of Postmaster General Preston Robert Tisch and Mrs. Tisch of Washington and New York.

1987: Cardinal John O’Conner, Archbishop of New York “watched thousands march down Fifth Avenue protesting the oppression of Soviet Jews” later joining the protesters at a rally near the United Nations where told them, “As I stood on the steps of St. Patrick’s Cathedral this morning and watched you stream by, I could only be proud of those who streamed out of Egypt several thousand years ago, winning freedom for themselves and for all of us. They are your ancestors, and they are mine… I am proud to be this day, with you, a Jew.” (What nobody knew that day, including O’Connor was that his mother Dorothy Gumple O’Connor, was born Jewish” and converted to Catholicism before she met and married his father.)

1987:Her Majesty Queen Beatrix officiated at the opening ceremony of the restored synagogues which house the Jewish Historical Museum

1990: NBC broadcast the final episode of season six of “The Cosby Show,” co-created by Ed Weinberger.

1991(19th of Iyar, 5751): Fifty-seven Jerzy Kosinksi author of Being There passed away today

https://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/04/arts/jerzy-kosinski-the-writer-57-is-found-dead.html

1992: In The Los Angeles Times, Charles Solomon reviewed Blood and Banquets: A Berlin Diary 1930-1938 by Bella Fromm, the”daughter of a prominent Jewish family, who was forced to begin working when her fortune disappeared in the runaway inflation that wracked Germany after World War I. As ‘Frau Bella,’ the society columnist for the highbrow Berlin newspaper Vossische Zeitung, she frequented the most exclusive circles” and it was this work that provided the information for her book which has appeared in a paperback edition.

1995(3rd of Iyar, 5755): Yom HaZikaron

1996: “The Pallbearer” a comedy produced by J.J. Abrams and co-starring David Schwimmer, Michael Rapaport and Barbara Hershey was released in the United States today.

1998: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Gertrude Stein: Writings 1903-1932 and Gertrude Stein: Writings 1932-1946.

1998: In “Garment District: Sheets, Towels and Prayers In One Stop”, published today Edward Levine describes life in and around the Millinery Center Synagogue

http://www.nytimes.com/1998/05/03/nyregion/neighborhood-report-garment-district-sheets-towels-and-prayers-in-one-stop.html?pagewanted=print&src=pm

2000: When Lillie Steinhorn retired from the Social Security Administration today she was the longest-serving federal employee on record.

2001: President Bush meets with Israeli Foreign Minister Shimon Peres in the Oval Office.

2001: In address to the American Jewish Committee, President Bush said “We will speak up for our principles and we will stand up for our friends in the world. And one of our most important friends is the State of Israel… [Israel] is a small country that has lived under threat throughout its existence. At the first meeting of my National Security Council, I told them a top foreign policy priority is the safety and security of Israel. My Administration will be steadfast in supporting Israel against terrorism and violence, and in seeking the peace for which all Israelis pray.”

2002(21st of Iyar, 5762): Sixty-five year old American lighting designer Martin Aronstein whose works included such Broadway hits as “Cactus Flower and ‘How Now, Dow Jones” passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/2002/06/15/arts/martin-aronstein-65-designer-who-lighted-broadway-shows.html

http://articles.latimes.com/2002/jun/08/local/me-aronstein8

2002: “Rebuilding a Community” published today described relations between the Jews of Atlanta and those living in Cuba.

http://www.jewishcuba.org/atlantajt.html

2003(1stof Iyar, 5763): Parashat Kedoshim; Rosh Chodesh Iyar

2003: Jewish Jazz flautist Herbie Mann performed for the last the time at the New Orleans Jazz and Heritage Festival.

2003: “Letters from the Dead” premiered at the Brooklyn International Film Festival where the movie’s creator, Jewish-American filmmaker Ari Taub, was named Best New Director.

2004: Twenty year old Marine Corporal Dustin Schrage disappeared today with his team May 3 while swimming across the Euphrates River in the Al Anbar province with his team in Iraq. 

2005: Two days after she had passed away funeral service are scheduled to be held today for Renee Wallach who served as the cantor at North Shore Synagogue in Syoseet, NY for fourteen years.

2006(5th of Iyar, 5766):  Yom Ha’Atzmaut – Israel Independence Day.  In Israel, the celebration of the 58th birthday began in the evening of May 2 with a state torch-lighting ceremony on Jerusalem's Mount Herzl The ceremony also marked the end of Memorial Day.

2006(5thof Iyar, 5766): Eighty-two year old economist Mark Perlman passed away today.

https://www.utimes.pitt.edu/archives/?p=3169

2006: The Jerusalem Post reported that Israeli Independence Day has become a worldwide celebration. “From Los Angeles to Budapest, Jews all over the world will be celebrating Israel's 58th anniversary. The Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is proud to present their "From Israel With Love Gala Show," which will include several headline acts. Israel's Eyal Golan and Britain's own Vanessa Feltz will be performing for an expected 5,000 spectators, making it one of the biggest events in the UK Jewish calendar. There will also be two IDF bands, as well as Kidanza, a young dance troupe, the Inter School Choirs and the winners of the Yom Ha'atzmaut song contest. "We're very proud that the British Jewish community comes together in the strongest way for Israel," comments Alan Aziz, executive director of the Zionist Federation. "The Reform, Liberal, Masorti and Orthodox communities all come to celebrate together." In Paris, the Consistoire de France has organized a ceremony at the Grande Synagogue de la Victoire. The evening will include Israeli artists and singers with performances by Phil Barney, Francis Lalanne, Adama and Les Forbans. The event is expected to draw 1,500 participants. This year the Danish Zionist Federation has invited all the Jewish and non-Jewish friendship organizations of Denmark to partake in a big party in Copenhagen. "We outgrew the Jewish community center so now we have it in a Jewish primary school," says Inger Kramarz, spokesperson for the DZF. "Jens Rohde, a representative of the Danish Liberal Party, has been invited to speak on a topic of his choice, implementing our famous freedom of speech laws," she adds humorously. Yom Ha'atzmaut celebrations will be carried out in the three largest Jewish communities in Sweden. In Stockholm, the Israeli embassy will hold an invitation-only reception and afterwards there will be a party organized by the Stockholm Jewish Center. The Gothenburg Jewish community and the Malm Jewish community will also be hosting their own parties. In Budapest, festivities arranged by the Jewish Agency and its many partners will take place on May 21st, in the Millenaris Park in downtown Budapest. Throughout the day there will be programs for children organized by the Youth Movements (Bnei Akiva, Habonim Dror, Hashomer Hatzair), as well as Hora dancing with professional teachers, an Israel information tent, a talk-show about the Middle East and singers in the afternoon for adults. In the evening Hadag Nahash is scheduled to be on stage, preceded by the Klezmer-hip-hop fusion band Haseger. Last year there were 8,000 people in attendance with even more expected this year. Over the ocean in Canada, there will be major festivities held in Montreal and Toronto, among other Canadian cities. The motto for this year's celebration in Montreal is 'for the children by the children'. This year's events will be led by an enthusiastic group of Jewish day school students who have been working in close cooperation with Federation CJA. Their rethink of the annual event aims to get youth involved as much as possible in all aspects of the day. Israeli Consul-General Marc Attali will be speaking, along with Cote St. Luc City Mayor Anthony Housefather. Students from Jewish schools will be making presentations about Israel and many will also be performing. At least 1,500 students and adults are expected at Trudeau Park with high-spirited singing and dancing. A major party will be held in honor of Yom Ha'atzmaut at the Afterlife night club in downtown Toronto. The party, which is the biggest Yom Ha'atzmaut party in Canada, involves all the youth movements and federation groups in the city. The Toronto Jewish community will be having an all-day event behind the Bathurst JCC featuring a kosher BBQ, carnival games and live music including Toronto's own Bais Groove in addition to Israel's Moshav Band. South of the border in the United States, Yom Ha'atzmaut celebrations are taking place in just about every major city. This year the Tampa Jewish Community Center brings Israel to downtown Tampa for the first time. On Sunday May 7th the Independence Day events will officially begin with a solidarity walk for Israel, all-day activities including American, Israeli and Jewish cuisine, Israeli vendors and products and Israeli rock music by the Moshav Band. The United Jewish Community/Jewish Federation of Las Vegas plan to present the biggest and best Yom Ha'atzmaut festival in the city's history. On Sunday, May 21, the free community-wide event will welcome thousands of residents to the Venetian Resort Hotel Casino to celebrate Israel. In Los Angeles, a community-wide celebration for Israel's 58th Independence Day will be kicked off (also on May 7th) by the LA County Sheriff Department Golden Stars Skydiving Team as they skydive into the Woodley Park. Dignitaries participating in this year's official ceremony will include Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa, Congressman Howard Berman and Consul General of Israel in Los Angeles Ehud Danoch. Several artists from Israel will perform on the main stage, including Israeli super star Dudu Fisher and the famous rock group Mashina. Other acts slated to perform are Balkan Beat Box, the Sam Glaser Band and Chutzpah, the Jewish hip hop phenomenon. There will also be a continuous fashion show featuring wares from famous LA boutiques. The festival is expected to draw crowds of up to 30,000 people.

2006: Final episode of “The Perfect Home” starring Alain de Botton, a descendant of Abraham de Boton, was shown today

2007:  The Center for Jewish History presents “TheMystery of the Kaddish” in which Presidential advisor and television personality Leon Charney discusses how the Kaddish became the most famous and familiar prayer in Jewish liturgy. He discusses his new book which charts the origins and development of the Mourner's Prayer against the full backdrop of Jewish history.

 2007: The Central Committee of the National Religious Party votes on a proposal to open up the modern Orthodox party to Israeli’s who do not necessarily adhere to religious strictures. This represents an attempt to increase the party’s political power by tapping “into the large traditional, but not religious sector, which is described as primarily Sephardim…” 

2008(28thof Nisan, 5768): Fifty-seven year old Hanon Reznikov, the co-founder of the Living Theatre passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/09/theater/09reznikov.html?partner=rssnyt&emc=rss&_r=0

2008: A screening of “Sonderkommando” \ זונדרקומנדו took place at the Jerusalem Cinematheque.

2008: London's new mayor, Boris Johnson, a pro-Israel Conservative lawmaker, was sworn in after ousting the left-wing incumbent in a vote that capped the worst local election results for Prime Minister Gordon Brown's party in four decades.

2009: Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts presents “Jerusalem City of Heavenly and Earthly Peace” as part of the Jordi Savill Jerusalem series. 

2009: Annual AIPAC Policy Conference opens in Washington, D.C.

2009: The Washington Post featured books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including “A Failure of Capitalism: The Crisis of '08 and the Descent into Depression” by Richard A. Posner.

2009: The Excavations in the Roman Theater in Tiberias are being carried out In Memory of Maj. Gen. (Res.) Amir Drori ז"ל, Founder of the Israel Antiquities Authority

http://www.antiquities.org.il/article_eng.aspx?sec_id=25&subj_id=240&id=1507&module_id=#as

2009: The New York Times featured books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including the recently released paperback editor of The German Bride by Joanna Hershon’s novel which “is set among the German-born Jewish merchants and traders who settled in the American West in the 19th century” featuring as the protagonist, the daughter of a Berlin banker who travels to Santa Fe to marry a man who owns a dry goods business.

2009:Daniel Mark Epstein discusses and signsLincoln's Men: The President and His Private Secretaries at the Enoch Pratt Free Library, in Baltimore, Maryland.  According to Judith Bolton Fasman, the poet and essayist Daniel Mark Epstein was the son of a Jewish father and an Episcopalian mother who was brought up in both religious traditions..”

2010: Gloria Mound, Director of the Casa Shalom-Institute for Anusim Studies in Israel is scheduled to present a lecture entitled “A Certain Identity: Crypto-Jews around the World” sponsored by the American Sephardi Federation.

2010: In Washington, D.C Liaison Specialist Jason Steinhauer of the Library of Congress Veterans History Project is scheduled to present a lecture and discussion on the contributions, impact and legacy of the more than 550, 000 American Jewish military personnel who served during World War II during which they received 52,000 decorations for gallantry

2010: President Obama renewed the Syrian sanctions.

2011: The Jewish Historical Society of Greater Washington is scheduled to present “Search for Survivors” during which Scott Miller, Director of Curatorial Affairs at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum will describe “how two researchers meticulously traced what happened to the passengers of the St. Louis, a refugee-filled ship denied entry to the United States on the eve of the Holocaust.”

2011: Sixty-seven year old Fred Goldsmith who won Coach of the Year honors for his work at Rice and Duke retired from the profession today.

2011: Douglas Feith is scheduled to a lecture entitled “Jabotinsky: Enduring Insights at B’nai Israel Congregation in Rockville, MD.

2011: YIVO Institute for Jewish Research is scheduled to present “In Her Hands: The Education of Jewish Girls in Tsarist Russia.”

2011:   Second and final episode of “Case Sensitive” based on Sophie Hannah’s novel The Point of Rescue was broadcast on ITV.

2011: The Consultation on Conscience, Reform Judaism's flagship social justice conference is scheduled to hold its closing session today.

2011: In Philadelphia, The Young Friends of the National Museum of American Jewish History is scheduled to present “U.S.-Israel Relations: Truman to Obama,” a program in recognition of Israel's Independence Day and Jewish American Heritage Month.

2012: In “Violin legend Zvi Zeitlin has died” published today Norman Lebrecht described what him “the great violinist and teacher.

http://www.artsjournal.com/slippeddisc/2012/05/a-violin-legend-has-died.html

2012: In London, the Wiener Library is scheduled to host “Death in Prague: Philip on Prague Fatale” part of a series of events tied to the 70thanniversary of the assassination of Reinhard Heydrich.

2012: Dr. Jonathan Sarna is scheduled to discuss his marvelous new book, When General Grant Expelled the Jews, at the William G. McGowan Theater in Washington, DC

2012: Miriam Ungar organized a protest on behalf of her husband Jacob Ostreicher opposite Bolivia’s United Nations mission. (As reported by Ben Sales)

2013: “No Place on Earth” is scheduled to open in several cities including Austin, Texas, Columbus, Ohio and Seattle, Washington.

2013: Rabbi Sunny Schnitzer on guitar, noted Kabbalist Jay McCrensky on accordion, and Karen Cole on bass are scheduled to lead a “gemach Carlebach” service at Bethesda Jewish Congregation  as part of the Washington Jewish Music Festival.

2013: “In an interview with Entertainment Tonight ‘Judge Judy’ Sheindlin stated, "I have my walls full of Daytime Emmy Award nominations."

2013: Noam Schey, Sam Stalkfleet, Elise Goodvin, Molly Lipman and Cameron Braverman are scheduled to lead Confirmation Services which will be held for the first time in the new sanctuary of Agudas Achim located in Coralville, Iowa

2013(23rdof Iyar, 5773): Eighty-seven year old Herbert Blau the engineer turned dramatist passed away today on his birthday. (As reported by Douglas Martin)

http://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/08/theater/herbert-blau-iconoclastic-theater-director-dies-at-87.html

2013: IDF Gaza Division commander Brig.-Gen. Micky Edelstein said today that there was "some degree of dialogue" between Israel and parties in Gaza to prevent rocket fire from the coastal territory into southern Israel.

2013: The Chinese government says it is willing to set up a meeting between the Israeli prime minister and the Palestinian president when the two leaders visit Beijing next week, if the sides expressed interest in doing so. Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Hua Chunying said today at a regular briefing that China would be happy to facilitate a meeting between Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas if they were willing to meet.

2014: “Cupcakes” is scheduled to be shown at the Los Angeles Jewish Film Festival.

2014: “Quality Balls: The David Steinberg Story” is scheduled to be shown at the Lenore Marwil Jewish Film Festival.

2014(3rdof Iyar, 5774): Ninety-one year old radio executive Ben Hoberman passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/09/business/media/ben-hoberman-91-pioneer-of-all-talk-radio-is-dead.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&_r=1

2014(3rdof Iyar, 5774): Eighty-three year old Nobel winning economist Gary Becker passed away today.

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/becker.html

2014: Phoebe Chapnick-Sorkin is scheduled to Bat Mitzvahed at Agudas Achim in Coralville, Iowa.

2014: “Sturgeon Queens” is scheduled to be shown at the National Center for Jewish Film Festival.

2014: “The IDF deployed a Patriot missile battery in Eilat today and stationed it alongside the Iron Dome anti-missile battery in the southern city, ahead of the Memorial Day and Independence Day holidays.

2014: “Former Mossad chief Shabtai Shavit criticized the Israeli government’s handling of “price tag” attacks by Jewish extremists on Saturday, saying “Israel is a lawful country that does not enforce its laws.”

2015: YIVO Institute for Jewish History Institute for Jewish Research is scheduled to celebrate its 90th anniversary with a daylong celebration.

2015: Final performance of “Do This One Thing For Me” is scheduled to take place today in NYC.

http://www.dothisonethingforme.com/

2015: Two Palestinians “overpowered and detained for questioning” after they attempted to stab IDF soldiers “near the settlement of Yakir.”

2015: “At least 41 people were injured during a rally in support of the Ethiopian community “that turned violent in Tel Aviv.”

2015: Dr. Neil Gillman, Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at JTS is scheduled to talk based on his most book Believe and Its Tensions: A Personal Conversation about God, Torah, Suffering and Death in Jewish Thought.

2015: The New York Times reviews books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Life of Saul Bellow: To Fame and Fortune, 1915-1964 by Zachary Leader and Einstein’s Dice and Schrodinger’s Cat: How Two Great Minds Battled Quantum Randomness to Create a Unified Theory of Physics by Paul Halpern

2016: Dr. Stephen J. Gaies is scheduled to employ a multi-media approach to discussing the Jewish Holocaust on the eve of Holocaust Remembrance Day at the Des Moines, Iowa, public Library.

2016: Todd Kaminsky completed his service as a member of the New York State Assembly from the 20th District and began serving as a member of the New York State Senate from the 9th District.

2016: The Oregon Jewish Museum and Center for Holocaust Education is scheduled to host “Breaking the Silence – Stories of Courage from our Edlers.”

2016: The Jewish Children’s Regional Service, an organization that truly helps those in need” is scheduled to host its “GiveNOLA Day.”

2016: The American Jewish Historical Society is scheduled to a presentation by Gili Getz entitled “A Forbidden Conversation: Speaking, the Unspoken, and the Conversations on Israel in America.”

2017(7thof Iyar, 5777): Seventy-four year old Haifa born actress Daliah Lavi passed away today. (As reported by Daniel E. Slotnik)

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/05/obituaries/daliah-lavi-actress-in-both-dramas-and-spoofs-dies-at-74.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

2017: The Jewish Book Council is scheduled to celebrate the 11th year of the Sami Rohr Prize where the 2017 Fellows - Paul Goldberg, author of The Yid: A Novel; Adam Ehrlich Sachs, author of Inherited Disorders: Stories, Parables & Problems; Rebecca Schiff, author of The Bed Moved: Stories; Daniel Torday, author of The Last Flight of Poxl West: A Novel – will be introduced and the three top prizes worth respectively $100,000, $18,000 and $5,000 will be awarded.

2017: A presentation on “Jewish Women in Iowa” is scheduled to take place today of the Iowa Jewish History Symposium in Iowa City.

2017: The Center for Jewish History and YIVO are scheduled to host a talk by Dr. Laura Almagor on “Crackpot or Visionary: Israel Zangwill, Isaac Steinberg and the Jewish Territorialist Movement.”

2018(18thof Iyar, 5778): Lag B’Omer

2018( 18th of Iyar, 5578): Ninety-three year old, one of the most influential physicist not to win a Nobel and the husband of Suzy Pines with whom he raised two children – Catherine and Jonathan – passed away today. (As reported by Kenneth Chang)

https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/11/obituaries/david-pines-93-insightful-and-influential-physicist-dies.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

2018: Rabbi Yossi Jacobson is scheduled to host a “glatt kosher bbq” this evening as part of the Lag B’Omer observance in Des Moines, IA.

2018: In Memphis, TN, Rabbi Feivel Strauss is scheduled to “lead a conversation on From Skepticism to Mysticism” as part of the Lag B’Omer observance.

2018: The US Holocaust Memorial Museum is scheduled to host a lecture by Holocaust survivor by Julie Keefer as part of the First Person 2018 Series.

2018: The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to cost an interfaith activity “Exploring the Bridges between Islam and Judaism.”

2018: The Cleveland Jewish News is schedule to host “An Evening with Regina Brett” at Temple Tifereth Israel.

2018: Pulitzer Prize winner Ron Chernow, author of a recent biography on U.S. Grant is scheduled to participate in a colloquy following a dinner commemorating the 196th anniversary of Grant’s birth.

2018: Today as President Trump and Prime Minister Netanyahu continue to express suspicions that Iran is developing nuclear weapons, “an Israeli satellite imaging company released images showing what it described as “unusual” movement around the Iranian Fordo nuclear facility, a one-time uranium enrichment plant buried deep underground that was converted to a research center as part of the 2015 nuclear deal.” (As reported by Judah Ari Gross

2019: In New York, the Addis Fine Art Gallery is scheduled to host the opening of an exhibition featuring the work of Ethiopian born artist Niriti Takele who came to Israel in 1991 as part of “Operation Solomon.”

2019: As part of the Gideon Sorokin Memorial Lecture in Judaic Studies, Rabbi Henry Shreibman is scheduled to lecture on “The Face of Religion in America: The Next 50 Years” at the Dominican University of California.

2019: The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to host Kabbalat Shabbat services followed by Friday night dinner.

2019: Scottish born Torah scholar and author Avivah Gottlieb Zornberg, author of Moses: A Human Life is scheduled to begin her latest American lecture tour.

https://www.amazon.com/Moses-Human-Life-Jewish-Lives/dp/0300209622/ref=sr_1_4?ie=UTF8&qid=1473295345&sr=8-4&keywords=zornberg+avivah

2020: The Breman Museum and the Jewish Genealogical Society of Georgia are scheduled to “present via a Live ZOOM webinar Garri Regev, past president of the Israel Genealogy Research Association (IGRA), as she discusses the IGRA database and demonstrates how to use this genealogical research tool.”

2020: “Saving Lives Sunday,” “a streaming even honoring first responder and welcoming home Eli Beer is scheduled to begin at 6 pm UK Time”

2020: For the last time a streaming presentation of “Orchestra of Exiles” which tells “the story of Bronislaw Huberman, the founder of the Israel Philharmonic.”

2020: On 88.9 WERS, Chagigah Radio host Hal Slifer is scheduled to welcome the music of internationally acclaimed Ezekiel’s Wheels Klezmer Band as this week’s mini concert performers.

2020: “Clarinetist Ben Goldberg is scheduled to lead a virtual KlezCalifornia workshop on melodic construction and development for intermediate-advanced players of any instrument.

2020: The American Jewish Historical Society is scheduled to host a Virtual visit with Emma Lazarus where “children have the opportunity to engage with the famous poetess about her life and the issues of her time.”

2020: As the spread of COVID-19 appears to be halted, “The Israeli cabinet is scheduled to meet today to discuss further easing coronavirus restrictions, including opening malls and markets, amid figures suggesting the country has largely managed to curb the spread of the coronavirus.




This Day, May 4, In Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb Levin Z"L

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May 4



1008: Birthdate of King Henry I of France who reigned from 1031 until his death in 1060. This means that he was on the throne when a future wine maker, Shlomo Yitzhaki, was born at Troyes in 1040.  [But today, who remembers the French monarch and who remembers Rashi?]

1287: Jews were arrested and accused of "clipping" the coinage in England. Although there was no evidence, the community as a whole was convicted and ordered to be expelled. A ransom of 4,000 (some say 12,000) pounds of silver were paid in ransom.  This was the penultimate act in the story of the medieval English Community.  For a century or more they had been drained of their wealth by Richard the Lionhearted, his brother King John and his son Henry III.  In 1290, having reduced the Jews to a state of semi-poverty, and replaced them with Italian Bankers, King Edward I expelled the Jews from England.  Part of his rational was that if some Jews were guilty of counterfeiting, then the whole community must be guilty.

1415: Jan Hus, who saw himself as a religious reformer was declared a heretic by the Roman Catholics at the Council of Constance.  The followers of Hus were called Hussites. The fight between the Hussites and the Catholic Church turned violent and the Jews of Central Europe would get caught in the crossfire.  After all, if you were busy killing Hussites, why not kill another group of “non-believers” living in your midst?

1493: Pope Alexander VI divided the New World including parts of east Asia between Portugal and Spain along the so-called Demarcation Line.  In other words the Western Hemisphere was divided between two Catholic Kingdoms both of which had or would soon expel their Jewish subjects. Alexander VI was one of the so-called Renaissance Popes, a group of papal leaders who left much to be desired in matters related to religion.  Alexander VI was the Borgia pope. And he was the father of the notorious Cesare and Lucretzia Borgia.  Alexander VI presented a mix bag when it came to his dealings with the Jews.  Alexander allowed so many Marranos fleeing Spain’s Inquisition in to Rome that the city’s refugee population doubled his ten year reign.  While he decreased the size of the badge worn by professing Jews, he added an additional five per cent tax to their already heavy tax burden.  In an act of additional depravity, Alexander “extended the distance of the annual race in which humiliated Jews ran naked through the city so that he could view it from his Castel Sant’Angelo residence” 

1515: An edict was issued ordering the expulsion of the Jews from Ragussa.  The expulsion was another instance of economics hiding behind religious doctrine.  There were exceptions to the order including physicians and merchants operating in the country on a temporary basis.

1680: Birthdate of Johann Gerhard Meuschen, the anti- Jesuit Lutheran theologian. In 1736 he “Novum Testamentum ex Talmude et antiquitatibus Hebraeorum illustratum,” which was a collection of studies that examined the relationship between the New Testament and the Talmud and other Jewish writings.

1689: Christian Knorr von Rosenroth passed away.  Born in Silesia in 1636, this Christian scholar became an accomplished Hebraist who became an avid student of the Kabbalah and the Zohar who authored several books on the topic.

1758: Solomon Lipschitz who was born at Furth in 1675 and served as a cantor in Prague and

Frankfurt passed away today leaving behind Te'udat Shelomo as a guide for future generations of Jewish musicians.

http://www.hebrewbooks.org/6533

1789: Birthdate of author Angelo Paggi, the native of Sienna who served as the principal of the Jewish school at Florence from 1836 to 1846 before being forced to retire due to poor health.

1789: As France hurtles towards Revolution, Come de Mirabeau whose advocacy for the rights of the Jews included the call to “”confer upon them the enjoyment of civil rights and they will enter the ranks of useful citizens’ began serving as a deputy for the National Constituent Assembly.

1809: Abraham Lazarus married Mary Wilks today at the Great Synagogue.

1798: In Switzerland, the town council of Schwyz which in 2011 hosted “a special exhibition ‘Did you see my Alps? A Jewish Love story’” surrendered to French Troops.

1810: Birthdate of Alexandre Colonna-WalewskiAlexandre Colonna-Walewski the European noble and diplomat who was reported to be the illegitimate son of Napoleon and who was the paramour of the French-Jewish actress Rachel Felix with whom he had a son -  Alexandre-Antoine Colonna-Walewski – whom he adopted in 1860.



1814: Ferdinand VII of Spain ordered all previous proceedings of the Cortes of Cadiz null and void. This voided the 1813 statement saying the Inquisition was not in line with Spain's new liberal views. Only 2 months later Ferdinand announced Inquisitional tribunals were to once again resume, and they did.

1816: Birthdate of violinist Joseph Franco

1818: In Charleston, SC, Rebecca Lopez and Mordecai Hendricks De Leon, a doctor from Philadelphia and mayor of the southern city gave birth to Edwin de Leon, the brother of Thomas Cooper, David Camden, Agnes, Maria Louisa and Adeline Mary de Leon.

1838: In Budapest Jozsef Lob Lipot Oppenheim and Katalin Oppenheimer gave birth to Abraham Oppenheim.

1843: Louis Loewe delivered “a discourse” today on the day of the funeral of H.R.H. Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex.

http://www.ochjs.ac.uk/mullerlibrary/images/Loewe%20exhibition/LL/LL4/discourse1.jpg

1847: David Solomon married Sarah Hart at 63, Quadrant Regent St, St James Westminster, London today.

1848: A bill which would have altered the oath office making it possible for Lionel de Rothschild to take the seat in Parliament to which he had been elected was “passed on its third reading in the Commons” today “by a majority of 62 votes” but was later rejected by the Lords thus thwarting the will of the electorate.

1849: Birthdate of Gustave Pollak the native of Vienna who came to the United States in 1866 where he pursed a career as a journalist with the Saturday Evening Post and author of several works including Fifty Years of American Idealism

1850: Birthdate of St. Petersburg native Emanuel Schiffers, the son of German parents who became a leading mathematician and chess master.

1851: A major fire broke out in San Francisco, destroying among other things, the “canvassed roof store” that had been opened up by newly arrived Pomeranian immigrant Abraham Abrahamsohn.  The loss of his “store” after only a month of being in the United States, forced him to head for the gold fields and try his luck as a miner.  Unfortunately, this effort did not pan out. (Sorry for the horrible pun.)

1852(16thof Iyar 5612): Seventy-three year old “Austrian printer, publisher, and lexicographer” Moses Landau who created “a new edition of the "'Aruk" of R. Nathan of Rome, to which he added Benjamin Mussafia's "Mussaf he-'Aruk" passed away today.

1853: In England, Nathaniel Montefiore and his wife gave birth to British author and philanthropist Leonard Montefiore, the brother of Claude Montefiore, the grand-nephew of Sir Moses Montefiore, and the nephew of Sir Anthony Rothschild.

1854: Fromental Halevy’s five-act grand opera “Charles VI” was performed in Buenos Aires for the first time.

1856: Two days after she had passed away, 22 year old Elizabeth (Joel) Jacobs, “the wife of Edward Jacobs” was buried today at “Bury Street, Bevis Marks” in London.

1859: Judah Norden married Sarah Lazarus today.

1862: The New York Times reviewed books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Spirit of the Hebrew Poetry by Isaac Taylor in which the author described the “historic personality of God, the reality of Revelation and the…certainty of Man’s Salvation as deduced from the Hebrew Psalmists and Prophets…”

1862: Birthdate of Schepsel Schaffer, the native of Courland who became rabbi of Shearith Israel in Baltimore Maryland , where he also served as president the city’s Zionist association starting in 1895.

1864(28thof Nisan, 5624): Thirty-four year old Major Marcus M. Speigel, the German born son of Rabbi Moses Spiegel and the former Regina Greenebaum and older brother of Joseph Spiegel, “the founder of Spiegel Catalog” who had commanded the 120thOhio Volunteer Infantry during the Vicksburg campaing was fatally wounded today “near Snaggy Point” during the Red River Campaign which was part of Grant’s multi-pronged offensive that successfully defeated the Confederates and saved the Union.

1864: Grant crosses into Virginia as the commander of a coordinated effort including Union armies all the way to Texas that will lead to the destruction of the Confederacy, a fact that will please the majority of American Jews since most of them favor the cause of the United States over the Confederate States.

1866: In Dixon, Illinois, Samson Rosenthal and Mina Cahn gave birth to Mortiz Rosenthal the University of Michigan graduate and husband of Virginia Moses who served as the Assistant State’s Attorney in Cook County, Illinois and United States Attorney for Northern Illinois.

1866: Birthdate of Galicia native Judah Leo Landau, the grandson of the Rabbi of Grabowitz who as a rabbi in Vienna and North Manchester  before becoming a professor of Hebrew at Witwatersrand University and Chief Rabbi in Johannesburg where he passed away in 1942.

1872: A Times correspondent writing from Smyrna today described a blood libel that had taken place in that Greek city.  Despite the efforts of local medical authorities and clergy to convince the populace that a Christrian child had died in accidental drowning and not as part of  Jewish plot tied to the Passover ritual, mobs attacked the Jewish quarter converting into a place of “pandemonium, pillage, rape and murder.”

1875(29thof Nisan, 5635): Publisher Michael Levi passed away in Paris.

1875(29thof Nisan, 5635): Seventy-one year old Heinrich Ewald the author The Poetical Books of the Old Testament, History of the People of Israel, Antiquities of the People of Israel and Complete Course on the Hebrew Language– the book which led him to be described as “the second founder of the science of the Hebrew Language – passed away today

1875: In Latvia, Behr Moses and Rasya Bernstein gave birth to Columbia Ph.D Ludwig Behr Bernstein and the husband of Sophia Kivman who was the Superintendent of the Hebrew Sheltering Guardian Orphan Asylum of New York before organizing the Cottage Home plan of the Hebrew Sheltering Guardian Asylum of Pleasantville, NY and starting in 1921 serving as the Executive Director of the Federation of Jewish Philanthropies in Pittsburgh.

1876: Emile Berliner starts work that leads to the invention of the gramophone.

http://www.soundrecordinghistory.net/inventors-of-sound-recording-devices/emile-berliner/

1878(1st of Iyar, 5638): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1878: According to today's Literary Notes column, "Prof. Goldwin Smith who is said to be a cordial Jew-hater is preparing a reply to an article in the April Nineteenth Century in which it is maintained that Jews are good patriots."

1878: “Philip Leon, a well-dressed Hebrew was arraigned in the Court of Special Session on a charge of having stolen a pawn ticket and a dollar from Julia McCloughlin.”  Although he denied the larceny, which was took the form of a swindle, he was found guilty and sentenced to a month in New York’s city jail and ordered to pay a fine of $50.

1878: “Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum Society”, a column published today provides information about the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum Society based on its recently released 55th annual report. Currently the asylum provides service to 301 boys and girls.  The children attend local primary and grammar schools where, according to letters from school officials, they are doing quite well.  The asylum teaches Hebrew and other Jewish studies. The asylum houses an industrial school where boys “are taught to be printers and shoemakers.” 

1879: The New York Times featured a review of "Moses the Lawgiver" by Rev. William M. Taylor in which the author writes favorably about the Jewish leader and the customs and ceremonies of his time.  This is the first in a series of that is to include "Daniel, the Beloved", "David, King of Israel" and “Elijah the Prophet.”

1879: “Matacong” an article published today reported on the activities of Nathaniel Isaac, a Jew, who was the only English resident of this island off the coast of Sierra Leone. In 1856, Isaac accompanied a French merchant named Milon on a visit to the King of Forécariah where he served as an intermediary to assure that the Frenchman could contact his commercial operations on the island. 

1879: Dr. Szold, the Rabbi of the Hanover Street Synagogue in Baltimore delivered a lecture on Abraham Lincoln. The talk was sponsored by the Hebrew Young Men’s Association and included “a number of short anecdotes concerning the great man.  Dr. Szold said that Mr. Lincoln had the most remarkable faculty for solving difficult problems by tell little stories or parables.”  Alexander the Great used a sword to cut the Gordian knot.  Lincoln used his “sharp, keen incisive wit “to unravel the most” difficult and intricate questions.

1880: Birthdate of Cincinnati, OH native Dr. Elmore Tauber, the “internationally known dermatologist”.

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamadermatology/article-abstract/519923

1881: Birthdate of Olga Aldorova who was deported from Prague, the first step on the way to the death camps.

1882: During the blood libel known as the Tiszaeszlár Affair, the mother of 14 year old Eszter Solymosi appeared before a judge where she accused the Jews of having murdered her daughter.

1884(9th of Iyar, 5644): Baer Ben Alexander Goldberg passed away in Paris. Born at Soludna near Warsaw in 1799 he eventually moved to Berlin where he began a career as an author and translator; a career he continued after moving to London in 1847 and Paris in 1852. One of his first works was "Ḳonṭres mi-Sod Ḥakamim," a commentary on the Jewish calendar, with chronological tables published 1845 was one the first works by this prolific author.  "Ma'aseh Nissim," a translation from the Arabic into Hebrew of Daniel the Babylonian's critical work on Maimonides is an example of the many translations he produced while living in Paris.

1885: Birthdate of Russian born pianist Leo Sirota who taught in Japan for 15 years where his daughter Beate Sirota Gordon was born before settling in the United States.

1886: Birthdate of Vilna native and Brooklyn resident Leon Goldapple a member of the Executive Committee of the Zionist Organization of America whose publications including The New Palestine an English language weekly and the Young Judean, an English language monthly for “Jewish Youth.”

1886: At Haymarket Square a peaceful rally by workers seeking the 8 hour day turned violent that led to Illinois vs. August Spies et al in which Sigmund Zeisler represented the defendants.

1887: The funeral of Isaac Henricks, the prominent businessman and member of the Hebrew Orphan Asylum Society, is scheduled to take place at his brother-in-law’s home this morning.

1889: In Prestwich Lancashire, Ephraim Sieff, a Lithuanian born Jewish businessman and his wife gave birth to Israel Moses Sieff, Baron Sieff the chairman of Marks & Spencer from 1964 to 1967 who was the father of Marcus Joseph Sieff, Lord Sieff of Brimpton.

1890(14thof Iyar, 5650): Pesach Sheini

1890: Four new trustees are scheduled to be appointed a meeting of the Hebrew Benevolent and Orphan Asylum.

1890: It was reported today that Russia is preparing to adopt more stringent passport regulations, requiring that the documents of all those entering the country must show their religion.  Anyone who does not show a religion will be registered as a Jew and will only be able to visit “localities where Jews are permitted to reside.”

1891: In San Francisco, “wholesale wine merchant, Frederick Jacobi Sr. and Flora Brandenstein (daughter of tobacco wholesaler Joseph Brandenstein), whom Frederick Sr. had married in 1876” gave birth to  WW I Army veteran and noted composer Frederick Jacobi the husband of Irene Schwarcz who was “also known and best remembered as a composer of works with Judaic themes” whose “interest in this genre began with a 1930 commission from Congregation Emanu-El of the City of New York for a Sabbath evening service.”

https://www.milkenarchive.org/artists/view/frederick-jacobi/

1892: The funeral of Abraham L. Grabfeelder, the General Southern Agent of Manhattan Life Insurance Company a director of the Sanitarium for Hebrew Children will be held this morning at 9:30

1892: Six Jews and Jewesses were convicted at Vilna of murdering babies that had been left in their care.

1892: It was reported today that David Boody, the Mayor of Brooklyn, Joseph C. Hendrix, President of the Board of Education and Oscar S. Straus, the former minister to Turkey, addressed those attending the cornerstone laying ceremonies of the new building belong to the Brooklyn Hebrew Orphan Asylum.

1893: Simon Goodheart, one of the leaders of the aggressive movement to convert Jews living on the lower east side denied accusations contained in affidavits signed by those whom his group had converted and who have now renounced their conversion that financial inducements are used to gain converts and that most of those who are supposed to be converts have taken the step for financial gain.

1894: Birthdate of Archibald Maul Ramsay, a British army officer, out spoken anti-Semite and the only MP to ever be interred on suspicions that he was a spy for the Axis

1895: A nameless seven year old deaf mute Jewish boy whose mother had passed away and whose father “was unable to provide for him” has been taken to Randall’s

1895: Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Zuckerman of 71 East 109th Street appeared before the justice at the Harlem Police Court and charged their 20 year old son of burglary – specifically of stealing tree silver candlesticks worth $100 and a gold watch worth $75.

1896: “Peculiarities of Baron Hirsch” published today contained information  that had first appeared in the London Chronicle. It described a man of great personal wealth who was, at heart, a populist who sided with the working classes in their conflicts with “cosmopolitan financiers” and other power brokers including those inhabiting the British House of Lords.

1898: One day after she had passed away, Leah Davis, the wife of Morris Davis, with whom she had had six children was buried today in the “Plashet Jewish Cemetery” in London.

1900: “B’nai B’rith Convention” an article published today reported on the recently adjourned convention of the Jewish fraternal organization which has been held in Chicago, Illinois.

                  

1901: The Books and Authors column included Israel Zangwill’s comments about “Robert Annys, Poor Priest” by Annie Nathan Myer. “Zangwill writes, ‘You are to be heartily congratulated. The book is full of color, spirituality and drama. There is a fine sense of the early commerce of early English history…You score in so many ways. Your pure use of words shows you have the true artist’s joy in them for their own sake.”

1902: Herzl began a three day trip in Berlin. Herzl talked to the director of the Deutsche Bank through which the Zionist movement would like to buy the Deutsche Palästinabank. For the first time Herzl met Franz Oppenheimer.

1902(27thof Nisan, 5662): Fifty-six year old French physician Theodore Klein who served for 18 years as president of the Société de l'Etude Talmudique passed away today.

1903: Birthdate of actor Luther Adler.  Born in New York, Adler was the brother of two other famous thespians, Jay and Stella Adler.  Adler began his career at the age of 13 appearing in his father's Yiddish theater.  Luther Adlerwas born in 1903. His theatre debut began as a 13-year in his father's Yiddish Theatre. In the 1930's he was part of the Group Theatre where he worked with such well-known names as John Garfield, Elia Kazan, Less Strasberg and Howard Da Saliva.  He appeared in over thirty movies and as many television programs.  Some of his film credits include The Last Angry Man; Cast a Giant Shadow and Voyage of the Damned.  He passed away in 1984

1904:  The United States began the construction of the Panama Canal.  The first Panamanian Jewish community, Kol Shearith Israel, was founded in 1876 when Panama was still part of Columbia.  By 1911, when the Canal was all but completed the Jewish community numbered approximately 500.

1904: Dispatches sent to the Times of London today from Vienna contained additional descriptions of the anti-Jewish rioting in the town of Bender, near Kishinev where the “outcries of a drunken fanatic started the mob on its rush to the Jewish quarter” where “all the scenes of the Kishinev massacre were repeated on a small scale” with among other things the wife of a pregnant furniture dealer being “thrown from an upper window of her house into the street.”

1905: Birthdate of Mátyás György Seiber, the Hungarian composer who worked in Germany until the rise of the Nazis forced him to leave for Great Britain where he spend the rest of his career.

http://www.schott-music.com/shop/persons/featured/matyas-seiber/

1906: It as reported today that Jacob H. Schiff, acting as the treasurer for the Red Cross and the committee raising funds for the victims of the San Francisco earthquake has received an additional $35,000 in contributions.

1907: Birthdate of Milton Galatzer the native of Chicago and all-Star outfielder at Crane Tech who played the outfield and first base for the Cleveland Indians and Cincinnati Reds during the 1930’s

1907: In Rochester, Rose Stein and Louis E. Kirstein gave birth to Monument Man and co-founder of the New York City Ballet Lincoln Edward Kirstein.

http://www.monumentsmenfoundation.org/the-heroes/the-monuments-men/kirstein-pfc.-lincoln-e.

1908: “The Fifth Biennial Session of the National Conference of Jewish Charities began” today in Richmond at Beth Ahabah Temple.

1909: One day after he had passed away, Louis Bernstein, the 34 year old son of Elias and Sarah Bernstein was buried today at the “Belfast Jewish Cemetery” in Northern Ireland.

1909: In Cleveland, “Yiddish speaking Russian immigrants” “Bertha (née Sen) and Benjamin Silverblatt,” gave birth to Howard Silverblatt who gained fame as actor Howard Da Silva,  a large man with a distinctive voice who worked in steel mill to pays his way through Carnegie Institute. His early stage work includes stints with Orson Wells as well as playing the original Judd in Oklahoma.  In the late 1930's and 1940's he had a successful career in movies playing in such varied films as Sergeant York and The Lost Weekend.  Da Salvia's left wing politics got him in trouble with the House Un-American Activities Committee.  Da Silva was blacklisted for many years.  His fortunes began to rise in the late 1960's and 1970's when he played Ben Franklin 1776 as well as a film about (of all people), J. Edgar Hoover.  He passed away in 1986.

https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/43087%7C71228/Howard-Da-Silva/

https://spartacus-educational.com/USAsilva.htm

1910(25thof Nisan 5670): Miriam Patchunski, the wife of Abraham Patuchunski passed away today after which she was buried at the “Belfast Jewish Cemetery” in Northern Ireland

1910: According to some sources this was the date on which Tel Aviv was founded. The confusion stems from the fact that the land company to purchase the acreage for Tel Aviv was formed in 1909.  In 1909 a number of Jewish residents decided to move to a healthier environment, outside the crowded and noisy city of Jaffa. They established a company called Ahuzat-Bayit and with the financial assistance of the Jewish National Fund purchased some twelve acres of sand dunes, north of Jaffa. In 1910, the suburb was named Tel Aviv after Nahum Sokolow's translation of Altneuland, Herzl's fictional depiction of the Jewish State.

1911: It was reported today that while Dr. Solomon Schechter, the President of the Jewish Theological Seminary was on “an eleven months’ vacation” that included time in Africa and Baghdad, Cambridge University “issued his translation of the remarkable manuscript containing a contemporary record of persons and events described in the New Testament entitled ‘Fragments of a Zadokite Work’”

1912(17thof Iyar, 5672): Parashat Emor; as the Jews observe Shabbat, an Italian Army lands on the Isle of Rhodes during a war between the Ottomans and the Italians – one of the many small wars that set the stage for WW I.

1913: The Temple Sholom Alliance is scheduled to host a performance of “A Woman’s Intrusion,” a one act play by Tillie Becker this evening at Assembly Hall in Chicago.

1913: In Sacramento, CA, rededication of B’Nai Israel Synagogue.

1913: Birthdate of Irving Broome who gained fame as John Broome the writer for DC Comics whose creations included “The Flash.”

https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/obituary-john-broome-1096133.html

1913: “A Woman’s Intrusion” a one act playlet was scheduled to be a featured attraction at this evenings “entertainment” sponsored by The Temple Sholom Alliance at the Assembly Hall in Chicago.

1914: “Credits America’s Freedom to Jews” published today described a speech delivered by Oscar S. Straus, the former cabinet member and U.S. Ambassador to Turkey in which he described the relationship of Christopher Columbus with “Gabriel Sanctus” who had raised money for one of the explorer’s ships and Luis Santangel to whom Columbus “wrote his first letter describing the wonders of the New World.”

1915: “Chicago Plea for Frank” published today included the announcement of the those who were willing to speak out on behalf of Leo Frank who has been wrongly convicted of married Mary Phagan included the famous defense attorney Clarence Darrow, Bishop Samuel Fallows and Frank and Mrs. Grace Wilbur Trout, President of the Illinois Equal Suffrage Society.

1915: “The Illinois Legislature was asked today to pass resolutions asking for the suspension of the death sentence on Leo M. Frank” who has been “sentenced to death at Atlanta for the murder of Mary Phagan.”

1915: It was reported today that “the resentencing of Leo Frank at this time would mean the hastening of the hearing before the Prison Commission of his petition for a commutation of the death sentence to life imprisonment” which “would mean that the case would reach Governor Slaton before the expiration of his term in the latter part of June.”

1915: As of today Judge Samuel Greenbaum is the President of the Educational Alliance which as of June 30, 1914 had 2,692 members.

1916: Birthdate of sociologist Rose Laub Coser who “made contributions to medical sociology, refined major concepts of role theory, and analyzed contemporary gender issues in the family and in the occupational world.”

1916: Bronx County Registrar Edward I. Pollak presided over a meeting tonight at the Spooner Theatre organized by the Jewish Relief Committee, the Central Relief Committee and the People’s Relief Committee for Jewish War Sufferers which marked the start of “a campaign to raise $100,000 in the Bronx for the aid of Jewish war suffers.”

1916: “The American Jewish Chronicle, a weekly publication devoted, according to its management” which included Isidor Straus as President and S.M. Melamed as Secretary, “to the advocacy of the rights of Jews after the close of the European war” is scheduled to make its first appearance today.

1916: As Jewish leaders becoming increasingly concerned about the fate of Jews in Russia, U.S. Secretary of State Robert Lansing wrote to Simon Wolf that the State “Department has cabled the Embassy in Petrograd making inquiry” “as to the authenticity of a report that there is to be an outbreak against the Jews of Russia at the coming Russian Easter.”

1917: At the request of the government of Salonika, the rabbis approve burial of bodies in shrouds made of paper, because linen was scarce and expensive.

1917: It was reported today that “Rabbi Herbert S. Goldstein has resigned as director of the Central Jewish Institute to lead a Jewish revival movement” in New York – an effort to which he will devote the next year of his life.

1917: Tel Aviv was sacked by Arabs. Djemal Pasha announced that it was the intention of the Turkish government to purge Eretz Yisrael of its Jewish population. Tel Aviv was sacked by the Arabs on the anniversary of the official adoption of the name "Tel Aviv". That same year the British attacked the Turks in Palestine and the Jews reclaimed Tel Aviv which is often called the "New York of Israel."

1917: Djemal Pasha of the Ottoman Army declared that the intention of authorities was to "wipe out Jewish population of Palestine."

1918(22ndof Iyar, 5678): Parashat Behar-Bechukotai

1918(22ndof Iyar, 5678: Dr. Isaac Adler, the German born Professor Clinical Pathology at the New York Polyclinic Medal School who had “who had studied medicine at the universities of Heidelberg, Vienna, Prague and Berlin” after graduating from Columbia and who was the “brother of Dr. Felix Adler, head of the Ethical Culture Society of New York” passed away today.

1918: “Plan New Hebrew Club” published in today’s Philadelphia Inquirer described plans to build a $20,000 facility that will included an 500 seat auditorium which will a home for the Young Men’s Hebrew Association and the Young Women’s Hebrew Association in Camden, NJ.

1918: “John L. Bernstein, President of the Hebrew Sheltering and Immigrant Aid Society of America” received a cable from Samuel Mason who had gone to Japan “straighten out affairs among the thousands of Jews who been stranded there after fleeing Russia” “announcing that the 200 Jewish refugees who had been stranded in Harbin” are now on their way to the United States.

1918: Today, the Jewish Welfare Board sent an order to Chief Rabbi Hertz, “who is working among the Jewish soldiers in England” “an order of 10,000 psalms book” which will then “be forwarded to Rabbi Levi in Paris and to Chaplain Elkin C. Voorsanger” who will distribute them to American soldiers in France.

1919: In Chicago, Illinois, the dedication of the Mt. Sinai Hospital on South California Avenue is scheduled to begin at 3 p.m.

1919: In Pittsburgh, five days a group of Jews met at the home of Ben Cohen where they “organized what was charted as the Beechview Hebrew Congregation Beth El” which is now Beth El Congregation of the South Hills “the men of the congregation” met today “and elected their first officers : President, Jacob Rosenson; Vice President, Harry Ruderman; Secretary, Isidore Marmorstein; Treasurer, Abraham Zober.”

1919(4thof Iyar, 5679): Seventy-three year old Julius Reach, “the husband of the late Rosa Reach” with whom he had four children passed away today.

1920: Birthdate of Brooklyn native Harold “Hal” Judenfriend the star CCNY basketball player.

http://probasketballencyclopedia.com/player/hal-judenfriend/

1921(26th of Nisan, 5681): Jonas Kuppenheimer, president of the clothing manufacturing company that bears his family name passed away today in Lake Forest, Illinois.  Born at Terre Haute, Indiana in 1854, Kuppenheimer came to Chicago fifty years ago with his father Bernard, and his brothers Louis and Albert where they opened a clothing store that grew into a major producer of menswear.

1923(18thof Iyar, 5683): Lag B’Omer

1923: The 146th session of the New York State Legislature in which Philip M. Kleinfeld had served his first time as the State Senator from 4thDistrict came to a close.

1925: Birthdate of Maurice “Hank” Greenberg, former CEO of AIG, one of the world’s largest insurance and financial services companies.

1925: In Constantine, Algeria, Albert and Diamantine Abarzel gave birth to Avraham Abarzel, the oldest of the their ten children who died while serving in the IDF in 1948 during “battle for the capture of Beersheba.”

1925: In Johannesburg, South Africa Julius First and Matilda Levetan gave birth to anti-Apartheid activist Ruth First.

1925: U.S. premiere of “Any Woman,” a silent film produced by Jesse Lasky and Adolph Zukor.

1926: In Palestine, “all work in Jewish office, factories and institutions…stopped at 1:30 today as thousands of mourners paid tribute to the late Dr. Max Nordau…whose body was brought to Palestine from France.   As the body was being carried to Tel Aviv’s town hall, the procession stopped at the Great Synagogue where special religious services were held.

1927: In New York, Harry and Ida Sotsky gave birth to Abraham S. Adler the husband of Mimi Adler

1928: In Brno, Czechoslovakia, Aron and Ruth Dershowitz gave birth Rabbi Zvi Dershowtiz who came to the United States at the age of ten and served several Reform Congregations including Sinai Temple in Los Angeles, CA.

1930: In the Bronx, “the former Ruth Hirsch, a milliner” and Solomon Peterman, “a shoe salesman” gave birth to their only child Roberta Peterman who as Robert Peters “achieved the longest tenure of any soprano in the history of the Metropolitan Opera.”

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/19/arts/music/roberta-peters-soprano-with-a-dramatic-entrance-dies-at-86.html?_r=0

1934: “Manhattan Melodrama” produced by David O. Selznick with a script co-authored by Joseph L. Mankiewicz and, in what some might say was type-casting, featuring George Sidney in the role of Poppa Rosen, a Russian Jew was released today in the United States.

1935: In San Francisco, the former Alma Loew a Jewish immigrant from Germany and Edward Friedman, a Jewish refugee from Lithuania gave birth to jazz pianist Donald Ernest Friedman.”

https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/08/arts/music/don-friedman-versatile-jazz-pianist-dies-at-81.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

1935: A court in Berne, Switzerland is scheduled to deliver a verdict in the civil suit brought by The Union of Jewish Communities of Switzerland and the Jewish community of Bene “against Swiss Nazis and others demanding the confiscation of a pamphlet in the Protocols of Zion were published because “the publication violated the Swiss law prohibiting the printing of literature ‘calculate to excite vile instincts or to cause brutal offense.’”

1936 “Nine charitable organizations received bequests totaling $56,000 in the will of the late stock broker Albert Stieglitz which was filed in Surrogate’s Court today” and which “named his widow, Hannah Stieglitz as the principal beneficiary.

1936: Voters are expected to accept or reject the recommendation of the nominating committee chaired by Mrs. Edward Josephy naming the new slate of officers for the National Council of Jewish Women.

1936: It was reported today that “one of the steamship companies subsidized by the Federal Government through mail contracts employs seamen who place allegiance to the Nazi flag above that of the United States.”

1937: The convention of the Union of Orthodox Rabbis in the United States and Canada, an “organization that includes in its membership about 98 per cent of all the orthodox rabbis in the United States” is scheduled to continue for a second day in Atlantic City, NJ.

1937: It was announced today that Arturo Toscanini will again conduct the Palestine Symphony Orchestra in a series of concerts that will include a November 10 in Tel Aviv as well as performances in Jerusalem and Haifa.

1938: In an address to 500 newly married couples at Castel Gandolfo, Pope Pius XI criticizes Adolf Hitler, currently visiting Mussolini in Rome, and the Nazi Party. Pope Pius XI says that these couples deserve a papal benediction because "such sad things are happening, sad things, very sad, both near to us and far away. Certainly among these sad things is that on the feast day of the Holy Cross of Christ, the banners of another cross which certainly is not that of Christ should have been hoisted in Rome. This was out of place and time. We tell you this so that you may understand how necessary it is to pray, pray, and pray for the mercy of the Almighty in all its largeness." (Editor’s Note – this was not the only time that Pius XI would publicly criticize Hitler or speak up in defense of the Jews.  Any discussion of the role of the Catholic Church in events leading up to the Shoah must include an examination of this brave cleric)

1938: A picture was taken of the teachers and students at a Jewish school in Sirvintos, Lithuania.

http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/this_month/may/03.asp

1938: In Los Angeles, Oscar winning screen writer Phillip G. Epstein  and his wife gave birth to American author Leslie Donald Epstein whose novels includes King of the Jews.  Epstein was the nephew of screenwriter Julius Epstein and the father of baseball mogul Theo Epstein.

1938: Carl von Ossietzky, an anti-Nazi German journalist and winner of the 1935 Nobel Peace Prize, dies at age 50 after five years' captivity in concentration camps.

1938: The Palestine Postreported that Arab gangs murdered Hassan Darfil, a prominent Arab notable representing the Wadi Salib quarter of Haifa. Arab gangs continued to abduct and rob villagers and spread terror across the country.

1939: According to the diary of Jay Pierrepont Moffat, a State Department official, President Roosevelt met at the White House with Jewish leaders where the President seemed to be convinced that the warnings given by the U.S. Embassy in Berlin “were sound and not exaggerated.” 

1939: Birthdate of Israeli author Amos Oz.  To understand the works of Oz, you must realize that he is Jewish, but a sabra, a person who never has known the Diaspora.  Born in Jerusalem, Oz was a city boy until he went to live on a kibbutz at the age of 15. "He studied philosophy and literature at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, and was visiting fellow at Oxford University, author-in- residence at the Hebrew University and writer-in-residence at Colorado College. He has been named Officer of Arts and Letters of France. An author of prose for children and adults, as well as an essayist, he has been widely translated and is internationally acclaimed. He has been honored with the French Prix Femina and the 1992 Frankfurt Peace Prize. He lives in the southern town Arad and teaches literature at Ben Gurion University of the Negev." In describing his literary efforts, a reviewer in Newsweek wrote, “Eloquent, humane, even religious in the deepest sense, [Oz] emerges as a kind of Zionist Orwell: a complex man obsessed with simple decency and determined above all to tell the truth, regardless of whom it offends.” Oz is extremely prolific and only some of his works have been translated into English.  These include such recent efforts as My Michael, A Perfect Peace and Don't Call It Night.

1939: In Hungary, Miklos Horthy signs “The Second Jewish Bill” which had been introduced into the Hungarian Parliament in December of 1938 and was laughingly called “the Christmas present for the Jews.”  The bill was the Hungarian version of Hitler’s Nuremberg Laws and proved to almost immediately ruinous for much of Hungary’s Jewish population.

1940(26thof Nisan, 5700): Seventy-eight year old “German numismatist” and former Professor of the University of Jena Behrendt Pick took his life today in Berlin after having been forced into retirement because he was Jewish.

1940: Today, future Reform Rabbi Robert Lehman, whose family had arrived in the United States from Nazi Germany in 1938 “celebrated his Bar Mitzvah at the Hebrew Tabernacle of Washington Heights, a Reform congregation made up largely of fellow German-Jewish immigrants that leaned toward traditional or conservative practices.”

1941: “The Zagreb radio announced today that severe laws against Jews would be carried out throughout Croatia,” including one that would allow Jewish property to “be confiscated by the State without compensation and Jewish employees of the government to be expelled by June 1.”

1941: “Five hundred Jewish leaders, attending a conference of the United Palestine Appeal, sent a telegram to President Roosevelt today urging him to intercede with Great Britain to permit the formation at once of a Jewish Army in Palestine and to equip it with adequate material.”

1942: Japanese ships supporting the invasion of Tulagi were attacked by planes from the American aircraft carrier Yorktown marking the start of what would become the Battle of the Coral Sea, which marked the first time that the Japanese were stopped during the war in the Pacific and the first time that American planes sank a Japanese aircraft carrier

1942: Birthdate of Michael Dray.  His family had moved from Casablanca to Paris.  He was the youngest of the Moroccan-born Jews who would be deported from Paris to Auschwitz - an event that took place when he was twenty months old.

1942: The first day of an eleven day deportation of 10,000 Jews from Lodz ghetto to the Chelmno Death Camp.  They were part of 145,000 people who were gassed between December, 1941 and September 1942.

1942: Starting on this date and lasting until May 8, six Jews in Lódz, Poland, fearing deportation, commit suicide.

1942: Starting on this date and lasting until May 15, more than 10,000 Jews are deported from the Lódz (Poland) Ghetto to Chelmno.

1943(29th of Nisan, 5703): Eighty-five year old Russian born, Canadian trained American gynecologist Hiram Nahum Vineberg, the husband of Lena Bernheim and the namesake for the Hiram N. Vineberg Research Fund passed away today in New York.

https://books.google.com/books/about/Diary_of_Dr_Hiram_N_Vineberg_M_D_McGill.html?id=_s6PGwAACAAJ

1943: Against all odds, the Warsaw Ghetto uprising, which began on April 19 continues.

1943: An advertisement condemning the recently completed Bermuda Conference appeared on page 17 of the New York Times under the headline of To 5,000,000 Jews in the Nazi Death-Trap Bermuda was a Cruel Mockery,”

1943: The Committee for an Army of Stateless and Palestinian Jews published an advertisement today in the New York Times which included the “unauthorized use of the names of several members of Congress – including Harry S. Truman, Robert A. Taft and Edwin C. Johnson.”

1943: U.S. premiere of “Five Graves to Cairo” a war movie set in North Africa directed by Billy Wilder who co-authored the script

1944(11th of Iyar): Author Yehoshua Hana Rawnitzki passed away today.

1944: “Gaslight” the film adaptation of the mystery Broadway play directed by George Cukor and filmed by cinematographer Joseph Ruttenberg was released today in the United States.

1945(21stof Iyar, 5705): Eighty-seven year old, Hiram Nahum Vineberg, the Russian born son of Alexander and Anna Vineberg, the husband of Lena Bernheimer and graduate of McGill University who went on to become  the attending gynecologist at St. Vincent’s Hospital, Mount Sinai Hospital and the Montefiore Home for Chronic Invalids passed away today.

1945: Red Army troops liberate the camp at Oranienburg, Germany, where 5000 inmates remain alive.

1945: The U.S. 82nd Airborne Division liberates the concentration camp at Wöbbelin, Germany.

1945: At Mauthausan the prisoners were not taken out to work and SS men were observed leaving the camp.

1945: The International Red Cross took over the administration of the camp/ghetto at Theresienstadt, Czechoslovakia. The last of the camp's SS men flee.

1946(3rdof Iyar, 5706): Parashat Kedoshim

1946: “Lindsley B. Kimball, president of United Service Organizations, paid tribute today to "the role of American Jewry" in the country's war effort through the National Jewish Welfare Board, a member of the USO…”

1947: Today marked the start of the fifth annual nation-wide observance of Religious Book Week, sponsored by The National Conference of Christians and Jews and designed to stimulate the reading of books of spiritual value, is being held this week. The Conference was established in 1928 "to demonstrate that those who differ deeply in religious beliefs may work together in the American way toward mutual goals."

1947: The Irgun Zeva'l Le'umi, known in Hebrew by the abbreviation as Etzel or the Irgun, staged the famous prison break at Acre Prison.  In April, 1947, the British had hung members of the Irgun so Menachem Begin felt it was imperative to try and rescue at least some of those held in the aging fortress.  In a act of daring-do worthy of any adventure novel, the Irgun entered the prison and freed 41 Etzel and Lehi (Stern Gang) prisoners.  They could not free more because of the lack of hiding places.  These escape is one of the climactic scenes in Leon Uris's novel (and movie by the same name) Exodus.

1947: More than 2,000 people filled Temple Emanu-El this afternoon at a special memorial service for Henry Monsky, international president of B'nai B'rith and chairman of the interim committee of the American Jewish Congress. Mr. Monsky died on Friday in the Hotel Biltmore at the age of 57, while attending a meeting of the future organization committee of the conference.

1948: In direct violation of international law the Arab Legion which was the Jordanian army that included a compliment of British officers attacked Kfar Etzion and was driven back by the poorly armed Jewish fighters.

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/background-and-overview-israel-war-of-independence

1948: With only five days left until the end of the British Mandate, the Jewish forces were working feverishly to develop a military posture that would enable them to avoid annihilation by Arab military forces operating illegally in Palestine.  At the same time they were trying to prepare a defensive posture that would enable them to face the invading armies they would face within the next week.  To that end, the Palmach launched Operation Broom.  Operation Broom was intended to “sweep away” Arab bases so that Jewish settlements in the lower and upper Galilee could be joined together with a wide, safe strip of Jewish territory. Large numbers of Arabs departed the Galilee for safe haven across the Jordan River.  Their departure was a result of rumors of that a large Jewish force was on its way and the belief that once the Arab armies had had their way with the Jews, they could return and reap the spoils of victory.  

1948: Norman Mailer's first novel, The Naked and the Dead, was published.

1949: Led by Mayor O’Dwyer and Dr. Chaim Weizmann, the President of Israel, the Jews of New York city are scheduled to gather at public rallies and concerts to observe the “first anniversary of Israel’s independence.

1949:  U.S. premiere of “The Barkley’s of Broadway” produced by Arthur Freed, written by Betty Comden, Adolph Green and Sidney Sheldon with music and lyrics by George and Ira Gershwin and featuring Oscar Levant as “Ezra Miller” and Hans Conried as “Ladislaus Ladi”

1950(17thof Iyar, 5710):Seventy-eight year old Viennese born American psychoanalysis Paul Fedem who was one of the early supporters of Sigmund Freud passed away today

1952: In an interview given on the eve of his departure for the United States, Abba Khoushy, Mayor of Haifa declared “that this is going to be THE city of the country.”  In outlining the many virtues of this major seaport, the mayor noted that the population has grown from 63,000 in 1949 to 200,000 in 1952.  He has four major projects on the drawing board, which, if funded, will “bring greatness to Haifa.”

1952: Birthdate of Harry Ehrenberg, Jr., a pillar of the Little Rock, Arkansas Jewish Community and a mensch in the truest sense of that term.

1953: The Jerusalem Postreported that the Treasury doubled the exchange rate for leather and textiles to IL2 per dollar. The Histadrut banned all overtime and double jobs in order to ease the current heavy unemployment.

1955(12th of Iyar, 5715): Sixty-four year old Odessa born and NYU-Bellevue College of Medicine trained “roentgenologist and diagnostician Dr. Isaac Glassman, “a member of the staff of Beth David Hospital” and husband of “the former Celia Margolin” who was the brother of Anna, Manya, Juliette, Nathan, Jacob, Simon and Leo Glassman passed away today after suffering a fatal heart attack.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1955/05/05/83356817.pdf

1955(12th of Iyar, 5715): Eighty-nine year old Rose Sheuerman Shloss, the daughter of Abraham and Bronette Sheuerman, and the wife of Max Shloss passed away today after which she was buried at the Emanuel Cemetery in Des Moines, IA.

1956:  Birthdate of author David Guterson, the author of the novel Snow Falling on Cedars which won many awards, including the 1995 PEN/Faulkner Award.  The son of Jewish parents, Guterson is a self-described agnostic.

1957: The Anne Frank Foundation was formed in Amsterdam.   This is one of the organizations dedicated to preserving the memory of this tragic Jewish figure whose diary has captured and continues to capture the hearts and imagination of millions around the world.

1959(26thof 5719): Seventy-five year old Kovno born leading antique dealer Israel Sack, the founder and head of Israel Sack, Inc which is now being run by his sons “Albert, Harry and Robert” that he raised with his wife “Mrs. Ann Goodman Sacks” passed away today.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1959/05/05/89192543.pdf

1961(18thof Iyar, 5721): Lag B’Omer was celebrated for the first time during the Presidency of JFK.

1964: NBC broadcast the first episode of “Another World” a daily soap opera in which Doris Belack played three different roles “during the shows 35-year run.”

1965: Israel Bar-Yehuda completes his term as Minister of Transport and Road Safety 

1970: In deciding the legal case "Walz v. Tax Commission of New York," the United States Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of a New York statute exempting church-owned property from taxation. This decision included all religious buildings i.e.Synagogues and Temples

1970(28th of Nisan, 5730): Yom HaShoah

1970(28th of Nisan, 5730): Allison Krause, a student at Kent State University, was one of four students killed by the Ohio National Guard. The Guard fired on a nonviolent demonstration against the Vietnam War. Krause was a committed Jew, the daughter of a Reform Jewish family, who opposed the US war against Vietnam out of a sense of the meaning of Judaism

1971(9th of Iyar, 5731): Sixty-seven year old Cleveland born and stock and commodity broker Robert Pollak the holder of a Ph.B from the University of Chicago who “wrote columns about theatre and music for several Chicago newspapers” passed away today.

https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/scrc/findingaids/view.php?eadid=ICU.SPCL.POLLAK

1972(20th of Iyar, 5732): Ninety year old Hetty Goldman, “one of the first female archaeologists who was a member of the Goldman-Sachs banking family” passed away today.

http://www.ias.edu/people/goldman

http://www.brynmawr.edu/library/exhibits/BreakingGround/goldman.html

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/hgoldman.html

1973: Initial release of Steambath, the film treatment of the play by Bruce Jay Friedman who wrote the script featuring Herb Edelman.

1974: Power hitting first baseman Mike Epstein was released by the California Angels today.

1975(23rd of Iyar, 5735): Comedian Moe Howard passed away.  Born Moses Horowitz in 1897, Howard was "Moe" of the famous comedy group called the Three Stooges.  All of the Stooges were Jewish.  Another example of how Jews were successful in the entertainment field by being "All American" as opposed to ethnic.

1975: Terrorists set off a bomb in a Jerusalem apartment building.

1975: “Seven Beauties,” a WW II prison camp movie co-starring Shirley Stoler was released In France today.

1975: The New York Times featured a review of Jacob Two-Two Meets the Hooded Fang by Mordecai Richler.

1976(4thof Iyar, 5736): Yom HaZikaron

1976: The musical “1600 Pennsylvania Avenue” with lyrics and book by Alan Jay Lerner and music by Leonard Bernstein opened at the Mark Hellinger Theatre.

1977: “Andy Warhol's Bad” a comedy with music composed by Mike Bloomfield and starring Carroll Baker premiered in New York City today.

1977: The first of David Frost’s interviews with Richard Nixon which were produced by Marvin Mintoff, the husband of Bonnie Franklin, was broadcast today.

1978: The Jerusalem Postreported from Lebanon that Arab terrorists murdered four French UNIFIL paratroopers, wounded seven and abducted five. France avoided condemning the P.L.O. responsible for this attack and claimed that the troops were attacked by "irresponsible elements." The Security Council deplored the incident, boosted UNIFIL to the strength of 6,000 men and called on Israel "to complete the withdrawal."

1978(27th of Nisan, 5738): Yom HaShoah

1978(27th of Nisan, 5738): In New Jersey, Maurice L. Sobol, the husband of the late Shrley Sobol and father of Richard Sobol, Linda Thaler and Judith Sobol passed away today.

1979: Nigel Lawson, the scion of prominent Anglo-Jewish financial family began serving as Financial Secretary to the Treasury.

1979: Robert Strauss began serving as the first “Special Envoy for the Middle East” a newly created position created during the administration of Jimmy Carter.

1981(30th of Nisan, 5741): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1981: “At $25,000-Plus for a Portrait, Painter Aaron Shikler Can Give Critics the Brush” published today described the success of “the Gilbert Stuart of the jet set.”

http://people.com/archive/at-25000-plus-for-a-portrait-painter-aaron-shikler-can-give-critics-the-brush-vol-15-no-17/

https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/17/arts/aaron-shikler-portrait-artist-known-for-images-of-americas-elite-dies-at-93.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

1982(11th of Iyar, 5742): Just 6 weeks before his 90thbirthday, Barnett Janner, who had been made a life peer which meant he was recognized as Baron Janner, passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/1982/05/06/obituaries/baron-janner.html

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0011_0_09983.html

1983: Phillip Dougherty reported that “Geers, Gross Advertising has been named agency for Hebrew National Kosher Foods, which has also named Levy, Flaxman & Associates to handle its recently acquired fresh chicken and turkey operation. The main account should be billing $3 million, and fresh fowl, $1 million. The former agency is Scali, McCabe, Sloves, whose account list includes Frank Perdue and all his little chicks. Since Perdue is already in fresh fowl and is eyeing franks made with chicken, it is easy to see why S.M.S. is no longer the Hebrew National agency.”

1984: U.S. premiere of “The Bounty” featuring Daniel Day Lewis as “Sailing Master John Freyer.”

1985: Michael A. Ledeen, an informal envoy of Robert C. McFarlane, the U.S. national security adviser, met with Shimon Peres in Jerusalem and inquired whether Israel had ideas about how to open contacts with Teheran. This is meeting that the Israelis have always cited as the American request for help that brought Israel into what became known as the Iran-Contra affair.

1991: CBS broadcast the final episode of the sixth season of the “Golden Girls” a sitcom created by Susan Harris and starring Beatrice Arthur and Estelle Getty with music by Andrew Gold.

1991(20th of Iyar, 5751): Eighty-seven year old master wood sculptor Chaim Gross passed away today. (As reported by John T. McQuiston)

http://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/07/obituaries/chaim-gross-87-wood-sculptor-of-exuberant-human-forms-dies.html?pagewanted=print&src=pm

1993: The Final Episode of “TriBeCa” entitled “Stepping Back” starring Adam Arkin, Richard Lewis, Melanie Mayron and Eli Wallach was broadcast today.

1994: In a letter published today entitled Jews Have Reason to Fear Italian Fascism, Susan Zucotti traces the history of Mussolini et al to explain “why Jews and other Italians are wary of Gianfranco Fini’s resurgent neo-Fascist party.

1994: Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and PLO leader Yasser Arafat signed an according that granted the Palestinians the right of self-rule in the Gaza Strip and Jericho.

1994: In Los Angeles, Tom And Valarie Gould gave birth to Alexander Jerome Gould a USY president turned actor who made his “feature film debut in ‘They’.”

1995(4thof Iyar, 5755): Yom HaAtzma’ut

1997(27th of Nisan, 5757): Yom Hashoah; Rabbi Erwin Herman told the story of the "Yanov Torah" to 500 people at San Diego's community Yom HaShoah services today causing many of them to cry.

http://www.jewishsightseeing.com/usa/california/san_diego/lawrence_family_jcc/sd5-9yanov_torah.htm

1997: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Gospel According to the Son by Norman Mailer.

1997: Barb Feller, executive director of the Granger House in Marion, Iowa, traveled to England to interview John Granger, last surviving grandson of the home’s original owner.  Mrs. Feller is an active member of the Temple Judah community serving as a Hebrew teacher and co-President of the congregation.

1999(18thof Iyar, 5759): Lag B’Omer

1999(18thof Iyar, 5759): Seventy-nine career civil servant Sir Leo Plitatzky passed away today.

https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/obituary-sir-leo-pliatzky-1095958.html

1999: NBC broadcast the final episode of “NewsRadio,” a sitcom featuring Jon Lovitz , Phil Harman and Steve Susskin.

2000: Shiite Muslim terrorists “fired five barrages of Katyusha rockets into northern Israel, killing one Israeli soldier and sowing panic in the northern border town of Qiryat Shemona” in what was the fiercest cross border attack since last June.

2001: The Mitchell Report (named for Maine Senator George Mitchell)  “that examined the cause of violence that began in 2000 and gave rise to the so-called Al-Aqsa Intifada was submitted today. 

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Peace/Mitchellrep.html

2002: Eighty-six year old Wehrmacht veteran Rolf Friedemann Pauls, “the first ambassador of the Federal Republic of Germany to Israel” passed away today.

2002: The exhibit “Tea House Suite” consisting of “eight new collages by Elaine Lustig Cohen” came to a close at the Julie Saul Gallery in New York

2003: The New York Times featured books by Jewish writers and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including the recently released paperback edition of Master of the Senate: The Years of Lyndon Johnson by Robert A. Caro.

2004: Publication of Ugly Americans: The True Story of the Ivy League Cowboys Who Raided the Asian Markets for Millions by Ben Mezrich

2005: Natan Sharansky completed his term as Minister Without Portfolio.

2005: “Henry IV” directed by Nicholas Hytner opened at the National Theatre.

2005: The premiere of the ballet “An American in Paris” using the “eponymous music by George Gershwin from 1928.”

2006: The American Jewish Committee's centennial events culminates with a gala event attended by US President George W. Bush, UN Secretary General Kofi Annan and German Chancellor Angela Merkel The Jerusalem Post reported Author A.B. Yehoshua stirred controversy at the opening panel of the centennial celebration of the American Jewish Committee after saying that only the State of Israel can ensure the survival of the Jewish people. Yehoshua's passionate presentation took other panelists by surprise and became the talk of the conference, which is taking place in Washington all week long. "For me, Avraham Yehoshua, there is no alternative... I cannot keep my identity outside Israel. [Being] Israeli is my skin, not my jacket. You are changing jackets... you are changing countries like changing jackets. I have my skin, the territory," the author told the audience, adding that Israeli Jews live a Jewish life in a totality that the American Jews do not know. Yehoshua's statements echoed through the other sessions with many participants expressing their disagreement with the Israeli author's views. On Wednesday, former head of the Mossad, Efraim Halevy, also speaking to the AJC, distanced himself from Yehoshua's arguments and said that the fact that Israel goes to great effort to help Jewish communities around the world proves that Israel sees importance in the Jewish Diaspora. Yehoshua himself told The Jerusalem Post that he was surprised by the uproar over his arguments. "It seems to me obvious that our Jewish life in Israel is more total than anywhere outside Israel," he said, adding, "I think this is common sense. If they were goyim they would understand it right away." An activist in a major Jewish organization who attended the opening panel said Yehoshua's arguments "took us back to the Fifties and Sixties," adding that "we are not used to hearing this kind of approach anymore."

2006(6th of Iyar, 5766):Luba Kadison, the last surviving member of the Vilna Troupe, an influential Yiddish theater company founded in Europe during World War I, passed away at the age of 99. Caraid O'Brien, a scholar of Yiddish theater and a friend of Kadison announced that she had died at her home in Manhattan. Kadison, whose married name was Luba Kaison Buloff, toured extensively in Europe before becoming a leading actress in Yiddish theater during its heyday on New York's Lower East Side. She was part of a golden age of Yiddish theater that saw serious and satirical plays challenge the dominance of popular musicals. "They did experimental things. They were doing stuff in the style of German expressionists before most English-speaking theaters," said O'Brien, who called Kadison an "incredible inspirational artistic figure." Born in Lithuania in 1906, Kadison began performing in Europe as a child. Her father, Leib Kadison, was a founder of the Vilna Troupe, which performed modernist works by Yiddish writers S. Ansky and Sholom Aleichem, and translations of plays by others, including Maxim Gorky and Henrik Ibsen. In 1923 she married another member of the troupe, Joseph Buloff. The couple came to America in the late 1920s and performed in Lower East Side theaters packed with Jewish immigrants. Kadison had roles in Sholem Asch's "God of Vengeance," I.J. Singer's "Brothers Ashkenazi" and Arthur Miller's "Death of a Salesman." The Holocaust devastated Yiddish culture, and declining use of the language worldwide was eventually mirrored in New York's theater scene. Kadison performed around the globe, and later in life became an interpreter, a teacher and a painter. She wrote a memoir with her husband, "On Stage, Off Stage: Memories of a Lifetime in the Yiddish Theater," which was published in 1992. Buloff, who moved on to a successful career on Broadway, died in 1985.

2006: Ehud Olmert went from Interim Prime Minister to Prime Minister after he established his own government in the wake of Ariel Sharon’s second stroke.

2006: Avraham Hirschson began serving Minister of Finance today “as part of the Kadima –led 31st governemtn.”

2006: Yael "Yuli" Tamir began serving as Minister of Education.

2006: Yaakov Edri began serving as Jerusalem Affairs Minister of Israel.

2006: Meir Sheetrit replaced Ze’ev Boim as Minister of Housing and Construction

2006: Binyamin Ben-Eliezer replaced Roni Bar-On as the Energy and Water Resources Minister of Israel.

2006: Shaul Mofaz was named Minister of Transport

2006: Ariel Atias replaced Avraham Hirschson as Minister of Communications.

2006: Roni Bar-On replaced Ariel Sharon Internal Affairs Minister.

2006: Amir Peretz replaced Shaul Mofaz as Minister of Defense.

2006: Avi Dichter replaced Gideon Ezra as Minister of Public Security.

2006: Ruhama Avraham Balila completed her term as Deputy Internal Affairs Minister.

2007: This year's Jacob's Ladder Festival opened for the first of two days at Nof Ginasar along the Kinneret.  A Cajun dance workshop, fiddle classes and bluegrass gospel music from the Abrams Brothers, a teenage duo from Canada were just a few of the 35 acts featured at this year’s event.

2008: In Chicago, The Spertus Institute of Jewish Studies presented a Yom Hashoah (Holocaust Remembrance Day) Program entitled “Poetry of the Holocaust: New Texts and Enduring Debates.”In this special Yom HaShoah conversation, poet Joy Ladin and DePaul University professor Eric Selinger explored Holocaust poetry, including Ladin’s own remarkable work, The Book of Anna, a collection of narrative poems and diary entries written in the voice of a fictional Czech-German Jewish concentration camp survivor.

2008: Secret government documents from post-World War II stored in Britain’s National Archives opened today “show that British diplomatic and military officials were concerned that sending Jews to German military camps so soon after the Holocaust would spark anger and protests around the world.”

2008: A 2008 U.S. touring production of Marvin Hamlisch’s “A Chorus Line” opened at the Denver Center for the Performing Arts.

2008 The Sunday New York Times book section featured reviews of A Voyage Long and Strange by Tony Horowitz, The Mayor’s Tongue by Nathaniel Rich son of Frank Rich and 1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War by Benny Morris.

2009: As part of the PEN World Voices Festival of International Literature the 92nd Street Y presented the second Critics Voice program, “David Grossman on Bruno Schulz” during which Israeli novelist David Grossman, who wrote See Under: Love which stands as a lasting tribute to Schulz discusses the work of this Ukrainian born author who perished in the Holocaust.Born in Drohobycz, Galicia (now Ukraine) in 1892, Bruno Schulz, a drawing teacher by trade, wrote two story collections—Cinnamon Shops (1934) and Sanatorium Under the Sign of Hourglass (1937)—before he was killed by the Gestapo in 1942. His novel-in-progress, The Messiah, has never been found.”

2009:“Spots of Light: To Be a Woman in the Holocaust,”, an exhibition recently opened by Yad Vashem had its last showing at the Royal Palace in Dresden, Germany.

2009: The miniseries based on Sidney Sheldon’s Master of the Game and staring Dyan Cannon “was released on DVD” otoday.

2010: In New York, Manuel Forcano, Professor of Semitic Studies and Vice President of the Catalan Council for the Arts is scheduled to deliver a lecture entitled “Traces of Esther: The Jewish Presence in Contemporary Catalan Literature.”

2010: A screening of “I had a Dream- The Story of Yona Bogale, Leader of Ethiopian Jewry” is scheduled for the opening of the Sheba Film Festival at the JCC in Manhattan. The Sheba Film festival highlights the legacy of Ethiopian Jewry.

2010: Jewish community leaders, Democratic Party officials and others gathered at a dinner in honor of DNC Chairman Governor Tim Kaine, hosted by Ambassador Michael Oren at his Washington home. National Jewish Democratic Council (NJDC) leadership including Chairman Marc Stanley, Executive Committee member and DNC At-Large member Sunita Leeds, CEO Ira Forman, and President David Harris were among those in attendance. Ambassador Oren made strong and candid comments praising President Barack Obama and his administration, as well as the administration’s powerful support for the State of Israel.

2010: The Schechter Institute of Jewish Studies dedicated the first building of its new campus next to the Israel Museum in Jerusalem. The Schechter Institute is a non-profit organization of the Conservative Movement dedicated to the advancement of pluralistic Jewish education in Israel.

2011: Alexandria, VA is scheduled to host its 24thannual Holocaust Yom Ha’Shoah observance which will be attended by the Polish ambassador to the United States and Holocaust Survivor Charlene Schiff who will read an excerpt from her biography, “Don’t Ask For Soap.”

2011: The Tolerance Education Center in Rancho Mirage, CA, is scheduled to present “Fiddlers on MY Roof” featuring Stanley Walden.

2011: The American Jewish Historical Society is scheduled to present the 2011 Emma Lazarus Statue of Liberty Award Dinner honoring Machal and Aliyah Bet, all North American women and men who volunteered in Israel's War of Independence between 1947 and 1949, and Ralph Lowenstein, Ph.D., founder of the Machal/Aliyah Bet Archives; Machalnik; Dean Emeritus, College of Journalism and Communications, University of Florida.

2011: The Maltz Museum of Jewish Heritage is scheduled to present “Flight to Freedom – A Tribute Jewish Artists” during which “Joan Chesterton, Art historian and Professor Emerita at Purdue University, offers a fascinating illustrated presentation that pays tribute to the incredible contributions of four European artists who fled the Holocaust and immensely enriched American art—architect Mies van der Rohe, painter Hans Hoffmann, composer Kurt Weill and filmmaker, Billy Wilder.”

2011: Jewish song leader Mark Levy is schooled to lead a workshop on “Jews 'n' Jazz!” at the Reutlinger Community for Jewish Living.  “The workshop will trace the development of America's notable Jewish jazz artists and composers beginning with their immigration to the U.S.”

2011: The Cutler Plotkin Jewish Heritage Center is scheduled to present “Jewish Identity in Pioneer Arizona: Anna and Lillian Solomon and Suitable Love” As part of the Arizona Jewish Centennial Series, Emily Jacobson, M.A., will speak about the Solomon family of Solomonville in Graham County. Anna Solomon, the family matriarch was a remarkable woman who raised all six of her children to marry Jews in a region where there were barely enough to form a minyan.

2011(30th of Iyar, 5771): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

2011: UK Chief Rabbi Lord Jonathan Sacks slammed the notion of making peace with Hamas in a speech he gave to the House of Lords today. The chief rabbi said that unless Hamas changes its ways, "there may be a process but there will not be peace.".

2012: Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel is scheduled to participate in the Holocaust Remembrance Day ceremonies at the Illinois Holocaust Museum & Education Center in Skokie, Illinois.

2012: As Temple Judah in Cedar Rapids, kicks-off a week-end of events marking its 90th anniversary, David Neuman, the son of former Rabbi Isaac Neuman is scheduled to address the congregation during Shabbat Eve Services.

2012: For the first time a production Marvin Hamlisch’s “A Chorus Line” opened at the Marina Bay Sands in Singapore.

2012(12th of Iyar, 5772): Eighty-eight year old Dr. Sidney Katz, the graduate of Western Reserve University Medical school “who developed the Index of Independence of Activities for Daily Living” passed away today.

http://obits.cleveland.com/obituaries/cleveland/obituary.aspx?pid=157486571

2012(12th of Iyar, 5772): Forty-seven year old Adam Yauch, a founding member of the “Beastie Boys” passed away today.

http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/beastie-boys-co-founder-adam-yauch-dead-at-48-20120504

http://entertainment.time.com/2012/05/04/adam-yauch-mca-of-the-beastie-boys-dies-after-cancer-battle/?xid=gonewsedit&google_editors_picks=true

2013: Friends and family of Harry L. Ehrenberg, Jr. gather to celebrate the natal day of this mensch who is a pillar of the Arkansas Jewish community

2013: A Kaddish for Bernie Madoff by Alicia Jo Rabins is scheduled to be performed at the Washington Jewish Music Festival.

2013: The winner of the 2nd Annual Jewish Playwriting Contest is scheduled to be chosen today at New Haven, CT.

2013: The Courier-Journal published “A Memorable Derby.”

http://www.courier-journal.com/article/20130504/OPINION02/305040053/Letters-Derby-Sons-Moses-Derby-Festival-Mansion-

2013: “Three to Max” a creation of Ohad Naharin, the artistic director of the Batsheva Dance Company is scheduled to be performed at The Joyce Theatre.

2013: The 15th annual Felicja Blumental Chamber Music Festival is scheduled to come to an end.

2013: Planes from the IDF fly missions in Syria

http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/israel-launches-second-airstrike-in-syria-targeting-weapons-shipment/2013/05/04/cdccddc0-b4c4-11e2-9fb1-62de9581c946_print.html

2013: Israeli tightens defenses long her northern border as the situation in Syria deteriorates.

2013:



 The airstrike that Israeli warplanes carried out in Syria overnight on Thursday was directed at a shipment of advanced surface-to-surface missiles from Iran that Israel believed was intended for Hezbollah, the militant Lebanese organization, American officials said today

2014: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewsh readers including Love and Treasure by Ayelet Waldman and John Qunicy Adams: American Visionary by Fred Kaplan

2014: The Jewish Historical Sociey of Greater Washington is scheduled to conduct a tour of “Jewish Sites in Arlington National Cemetery including the Confederate Memorial by Sir Moses Ezekiel and the Challenger and Columbia Space Shuttle Memorials.

2014: Jewish education is scheduled to come to an end in the corriodor for the year as Agudas Achim and Temple Judah close their religious schools until the fall.

2014: “The Seder: Meanings, Rituals & Sprituality” is scheduled to close at the Oregon Jewish Museum.

2014: In the Netherlands, Nationale Herdenkingsdag (National Memorial Day

2014: The Jewish Genealogy Society of Greater Washington and the JCC of Greater Washington are scheduled to host author, David Laskin, who will talk about the research that went into the writing of his book, "The Family: Three Journeys into the Heart of the Twentieth Century."

2014: As part of Jewish American Heritage Month, Dr. Ted Merwin is scheduled to lecutre on “The Delectable History of the Jewish Deli at the Jewish Museum in Miami Beach.

2014: Authorities opened an investiagtion today in “anti-Arab graffiti…found spray painted…at a construction site in Kiryant Ye’arim also known as Telz Sonte” which was “another incident in a spate of race-hate ‘price-tag’ attacks by suspected Jewish extremists.” (As reported by Times of Israel Staff)

2014: In Washington, DC, final performance of “Camp David” a play based on the 1978 peace negotations at Camp David.

2014(4th of Iyar, 5774): Seventy-one year old Alan J. Friedman passed away today. (As reported by Bruce Weber)

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/07/nyregion/alan-friedman-71-dies-revived-hall-of-science.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&_r=0

2014: “Right wing actvists…threw rocks at ploice and damaged a Border Police vehicle” when they “came to Yitzhar to search the home of a copule that had been arrested on suspicion of participating in a ‘price tag’ attack” in the norther norhtern city of Umm al-Fahm.

2014: “A group of 19 Ukranian Jews were immigrating to Israel today ami an escalating crisis that has seen a rising tide of anti-Semitic attacks.”







2015: The Jewish Community Center of Northern Virginia is scheduled to host Dana Kalshov’s presentation “The Israel Defense Forces: A Window on Modern Israeli Society.”

2015: “In the Community: Raise the Roof” is scheduled to be shown at the Philadelphia Jewish Film Festival.

2015: Security personnel shot a 35 year old Palestinian who “attacked one of the guards today at a light rail train stop in Jerusalem.”

2015: Israeli pianist Roman Rabinovich is one of three “young accomplished pianists” chosen by Sir Andras Schiff to perform with the Jupiter Symphony Chamber Players.

2015: “The mortar round that killed four-year-old Daniel Tragerman on the second to last day of the war in and around Gaza last summer was fired from a United Nations installation, Lt. Gen. (res) Benny Gantz, the commander of the army during the 50-day war, said” today.

2016: In Philadelphia, PA, Rabbi Lance Sussman is scheduled to deliver a lecture on “South Philly: An American Shtetl” are part of American Jewish Heritage Month.

2016: The YIVO Institute for Jewish Research is scheduled to present a screening of “Persona Non Grata,” “a Japanese film depicting the life of Japanese diplomat Chiune Sugihara who saved the lives of 6,000 Jewish refugees during World War II by issuing transit visas for them to Japan.”

2016: In Portland, Oregon, Congregation Neveh Shalom is scheduled to host the annual community-wide memorial service erev Yom Hashoah which has been planned by Rabbi Ariel Stone and Rabbi David Kosak.

2016: In Des Moines, Iowa, Tifereth Israel Synagogue is scheduled to host the community “Holocaust Memorial Commemoration.”

2016: Holocaust Remembrance Day (Yom HaShoah) 2016 begins this evening.

2017: At the National Archives in Washington, DC, David Dalin is scheduled to deliver a lecture on “The Jewish Justices of the Supreme Court: From Brandeis to Kagan.”

2017(8thof Iyar, 5777): Ninety-five year old economist William J. Baumol and the author of The Cost of Disease: Why Computers Get Cheaper and Health Care Doesn’tpassed away today. (As reported by Patricia Cohen)

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/10/business/economy/william-baumol-dead-economist-coined-cost-disease.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well

https://www.vox.com/new-money/2017/5/4/15547364/baumol-cost-disease-explained

2017: The YIVO Institute is scheduled to host a concert that “will explore music of composer Annie Gosfield that takes its inspiration from Jewish culture, history, and the New York immigrant experience.”

2017: “Beneath the Helmet” is scheduled to be shown at the Annual East Bay International Jewish Film Festival.

2017(8thof Iyar, 5777): Eighty-seven year old Edwin Sherin the “producer and executive producer of” the one of the most popular crime series ever, “Law and Order” passed away today. (As reported by William Grimes)

https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/08/theater/edwin-sherin-theater-and-law-order-director-dies-at-87.html?hpw&rref=obituaries&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well&_r=0

2018: “Defense Minister Avigdor Liberman today rejected an apology from Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas over a speech blaming Jews’ behavior for the Holocaust, and not anti-Semitism, calling the Palestinian leader “a pathetic Holocaust denier.”

2018: “The Last Goldfish” and “Kishon” are scheduled to be shown this afternoon at the 26th Toronto Jewish Film Festival.

2018: “Dozens of Palestinians broke into the Gaza side of the Kerem Shalom border crossing between Israel and the Hamas-run Strip this evening, setting fire to the gas pipeline that supplies fuel to the Strip…” (As reported by Judah Ari Gross)

2018: In Memphis, TN, Temple Israel is scheduled to honor the Temple Israel confirmands this evening.

2018: In Cedar Rapids, IA, as the first part of her Bat Mitzvah weekend, Eleanor Dillon and her family are scheduled to participate in Erev Shabbat services at Temple Judah.

2019(29thof Nisan, 5779): Parashat Achrei Mot;

2019(29thof Nisan, 5779): Begin weekly study of Pirke Avot – Chapter One

2019: Shabbat takes on a double portion of joy with the celebration of the birthday Harry Ehrenberg, a mensch in the truest sense of that term.

2019: One week after the murderous shooting at Chabad of Poway as rabbis deal with how to continue to make their congregations as welcoming institutions while dealing with the reality of the need to increase security Rabbi Yosef Levin Bay is scheduled to host a Solidarity Shabbat and dinner at Chabad of Great South Bay” where he hopes to raise “$50,000 to finance armed security at Chabad centers” which are normally raising funds for educational and spiritual programs including those Shabbat meals which are warm hallmark of Chabad Houses across the world.

2020: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to present, Live on Zoom, “War Orphans Find Home: Child Holocaust Survivors,” a program sponsored by the “Hear Their Cry: Understanding the Jewish Orphan Experience” Scholars Working Group, which has been meeting at the Center for Jewish History since September 2019.

2020: The Vilna Shul, Boston’s Center for Jewish Culture is scheduled to host a virtual “discussion with writer/producer Karen Goldfarb about her 2016 film ‘Fascination: Helena’s Story,’”

2020: Dr. Aviva Dautch is scheduled to discuss My Russian Grandmother and her American Vacuum Cleaner by Meir Shalev the first in her virtual series on Modern Jewish Literature.

2020 In the darkest moments of the Pandemic, the friends and family get to share in a moment of light as they celebrate the natal day of Harry Ehrenberg, a mensch par excellent.

2020: In Coralville, IA, via Zoom Agudas Achim is scheduled to host “Introduction to Judaism”

2020: Israel’s Supreme Court is scheduled to continue for a second day a two-day hearing that began yesterday to determine whether Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, who has been indicted for corruption, will be allowed to form a new government.(As reported by Reuters)

2020: Temple Israel of Boston is scheduled to host “Modern Couples, Big Jewish Questions. an informative and social opportunity for engaged, partnered, and married couples in their 20s and 30s.

2020: The Streicker Center is scheduled to host Dr. Eric Goldman who is scheduled to host a virtue presentation of “French Cinema Tackles the Shoah.”




This Day, May 5, In Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb Levin Z"L

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May 5



1028:  King Alfonso V of Castile passed away. In 1020, Alfonso had presided over the Council of Leon which adopted laws that created a certain amount of equality between Christians and Jews. The legislation was in response to the threat of Moslem forces that were in control of much of the Iberian Peninsula. Alfonso was the King of Castile when Solomon ibn Gabriol was born in 1021.

1109: The Moors recaptured Valencia from the Christians. “During the period of Muslim rule… the Jewish quarter was situated on the eastern side of the Rahbat el-qadi and in its vicinity, on the site where the Santa Catalina church stands at present” (Jewish Virtual Library)

1210: Birthdate of King Alfonso III of Portugal whose reign was a period of comparative benevolence for his Jewish subjects. Jews were “exempt from the canonical decrees which compelled the wearing of a distinctive sign and the payment of tithes to the Church.”  Also, Jews were appointed to positions of governmental responsibility.  These policies were continued by his successor, King Diniz who appointed Judah, the Chief Rabbi of Portugal to serve as finance minister.

1260: Kublai Khan becomes ruler of the Mongol Empire. “Arab and European travelers, including Marco Polo in the 13th century, spoke of meeting Jews or hearing about them during their travels in China (then called the Middle Kingdom). Polo recorded that Kublai Khan himself celebrated the festivals of the Muslims, Christians and Jews alike, indicating a large enough number of Jews in the country to warrant attention by its rulers. Historical sources also describe Jewish communities at various trade ports, including Hangzhou, Guangzhou, Ningbo, and Yangzhou. Only the community in Kaifeng survived.”

1400: The privilege of the city of Worms to extend protection to the Jews in return for the payment of 20,000 gulden was renewed today by King Wenceslaus

1435: Jewish residents of Speyer, Germany, were expelled.

1588: The Council of Hanover ordered the severance of all business connections between Jews and Christians.

1624(16thof Iyar): Elias Lipiner was sentenced to death at an auto-de-fe by the Portuguese Inquisition. He was accused of committing the crime of using Jewish names and writing in Hebrew. On this same day Dr. Antonio Honem was sentenced to death for observing Jewish ceremonies.

1646:  King Charles I surrendered to the Presbyterian forces paving the way for the rise to power of Oliver Cromwell.  Cromwell would play a critical role in the return of the Jewish community to the British Isles.

1664(10th of Iyar): Rabbi Zebi Hirsch ben Abraham Katz murdered in Lemberg

1719: Fifty-three year old Samuel Zanvil Levy, the third child of Beila and Isaac Levy passed away today in New York City.

1705: After succeeding his father as Holy Roman Emperor today, Joseph I confirmed Samuel Wertheimer’s title and privileges.

1731(29thof Nisan, 5491): The grandmother of Moses Sofer, Reizchen, a daughter of the Gaon of Frankfurt Rabbi Shmuel Schotten, known as the Marsheishoch passed away.

1735: Birthdate of Jonas Mischel Jeittles, the native of Prague who studied medicine in Leipzig and Halle, became the public health officer of the Jewish community, was nominated chief supervisor of the guild of Jewish healers in Prague and in 1784 obtained from the emperor Joseph in Vienna permission that not only he himself but also other Jewish doctors could pursue unrestricted medical practice.(U.S. National Library of Medicine)

1759: Twenty-eight year old Vienna native Liebman Liepman Elieser Arnsteiner, the son of Aron Isak Arnstein and Ella Elsa Eleonora Arnsteiner and husband of Machteld Mathilda Michela Jochem Mozes Hannover passed away today in Frankfurt am Main

1764: The "Jews' decree" issued today permitted any Jew to live in Vienna “who could prove that he possessed a certain sum of ready money and "acceptable" papers, or that he had established a factory. According to this decree no Jew could buy a house; a married Jew had to let his beard grow, that he might be readily distinguished; and no synagogue or other place for common worship was permitted.

1766: Eighty-two year old Professor of Medicine Jean Austric the Protestant convert to Catholicism who family was reported to have been Jewish during the Middle Ages and who “was the first to try to demonstrate, by using the techniques of textual analysis that were commonplace in studying the secular classics, the theory that Genesis was composed based on several sources or manuscript traditions, an approach now called the documentary hypothesis” passed away today.



1767(Iyar 6): Rabbi Isaac Ha-Levi Horowitz of Brody passed away

1772: In Westchester County David Hay and Esther Hetting gave birth Jacob Hays, “known throughout his career as Old Hays,” whom many consider “the first real detective in New York” because “in 1802 Mayor Edward Livingston appointed him chief of the day police force” and “gave him the title of High Constable of the City of New York.

https://www.anb.org/view/10.1093/anb/9780198606697.001.0001/anb-9780198606697-e-2001601

https://forward.com/culture/425415/meet-high-constable-jacob-hays-new-yorks-forgotten-jewish-super-cop/

https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1932/04/23/old-hays

1777(28thof Nisan, 5537): Forty-three year old Raphael Hayyim Isaac Carregal passed away today at Barbados. Born in Hebron and ordained at 17, Carregal travels eventually took him to the American Colonies just before the start of the American Revolution.  He struck up a friendship with Edgar Stiles, the future President of Yale University.  Stiles benefited from this chance to improve his Hebrew and study scripture with a Rabbi.

1789:  In France, the Estates General convenes for the first time in 150 years.  This is the first act in what would become the French Revolution; a revolution that would result in Jews being granted full citizenship in any European continental political entity.

1795: One day after she had passed away, Rachel Harris, the three-year old daughter of Abraham Harris, was buried today at the “Alderney Road (Globe Rd) Jewish Cemetery.”

1809: Right of citizenship was denied to Jews of the canton of Aargau, Switzerland. Emancipation was delayed until 1879.

1809(19thof Iyar, 5669): “Berek Yoselovich, founder and commander of a Jewish light cavalry regiment, was killed in action in the war between the Duchy of Warsaw and Austria

1813: Birthdate of Søren Kierkegaard

http://www.thedodo.info/The%20Dodo/The_Dodo1_Antisemitism_in_Denmark_Soeren_Kierkegaaard.htm#jews

http://pietyonkierkegaard.com/category/kierkegaard-and-the-jews

1818: Birthdate of Karl Marx, author of the Communist Manifesto and Das Kapital.  Only the ignorant and the anti-Semitic insist that Marx was a Jew.

1821: Napoleon Bonaparte passed away.  There is not enough space in this brief guide to discuss the impact of Napoleon, both pro and con, on the Jewish people.

1822(14thof Iyar, 5582): Pesach Sheni

1822: As Jews celebrated a “second Pesach” rebel forces prepared to meet Royalist in the battle that would lead to the independence of Ecuador from Spain.

1837: A dedication of new synagogue in Surinam took place.

1839: Forty-two year old jurist Eduard Ganz who like so many of his contemporaries found his way to the Baptismal font as he climbed the ladder of German society passed away today.

http://www.britannica.com/biography/Eduard-Gans

1839: In the small town of Unsleben, Bavaria, “a group of 19 emigrants led by Moses Alsbacher departed for America, seeking escape from political unrest and economic and personal discrimination. They chose Cleveland as their final destination because a fellow townsman, Simson Thorman, had two years earlier made this thriving village on Lake Erie the base for his fur trading business. Arriving in late 1839, they found their first homes in the Terminal Tower-Central Market area. A Torah scroll was among the belongings of this group of settlers, and soon after they arrived, they formed the Israelitic Society for worship.”

1839: Birthdate of Breslau, Meyer Elkin, the German trained rabbi who served severed congregations in Liverpool, UK and Philadelphia before taking the pulpit at Congregation Beth Israel in Hartford, CT.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1915/12/13/106788842.pdf

https://books.google.com/books?id=1yRCAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA213&lpg=PA213&dq=Rabbi+Meyer+Elkin&source=bl&ots=FO3Cxms6X9&sig=N3LLUJn3bQQZMxQtXVWNvOpIngc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiKh-_7lZTfAhUrpoMKHSAXDgEQ6AEwAXoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=Rabbi%20Meyer%20Elkin&f=false

 1843:Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex, the sixth son of George III (the one who lost the 13 colonies) who “became a Patron of the Jews' Hospital and Orphan Asylum, later to become the charity known as Norwood” and who supported legislation to remove “the civil liabilities of Jews” was buried today at Kensal Green Cemetery without the pomp of state funeral per his request.



1848: In Vienna, Moritz Moses Jacob von Goldschmidt and Nanette von Goldschmidt gave birth to Jacob Adalbert von Goldschmidt.

1858: Fifteen year old Jacob Affelder, the Bavarian born son of Loew Affelder and Rosalia Regine Rosenberg arrived in the United States where he eventually settled in Pittsburgh, PA and married Kate Fleishman.

1859: Birthdate of lyric poet Mordecai Zebi Mane who was part of the Haskalah movement in Russia.

1859: “Another Mrtara Case with a More Honorable Termination” published today tells the story of Alice Levy, a Jewish orphan living in New Orleans.  Before her death, the mother had left instructions that Alice should be “educated in the Jewish faith.” Somehow the child ended up in the custody “of a charitable lady in New Orleans” who was going to raise her as a Catholic.  Alice’s grandmother appealed to the French Consul in New Orleans for help.  After determining that attempts to have the child returned had been thwarted, he interceded on her behalf and the child was tunred over to a Jewish orphanage.  

1860: In his lecture on the "Lost Arts," Wendell Phillips states that the earliest mention of precious stones is in the Bible, and that "the Hebrews borrowed the names of their gems from the Egyptians."

1861: In Washington, DC, Colonel Ripley, the Chief of Ordinance received Major Alfred Mordecai’s letter of resignation and a personal letter from Mordecai in which he thanked Colonel Ripley and assured him that he had no need to doubt the Major’s continued loyalty to the nation.

1861: Hermann Mayer Salomon Goldschmidt discovered his fortieth and final Asteroid, 70 Panopaea.

1861: The members of the 27th Regiment, originally a part of the ‘Washington Brigade,’” which was commanded by Max Einstein “were enrolled” for service in the United States military during the Civil War.

1862: Mexican forces loyal to Juarez defeat the French Army loyal to the Emperor Maximilian. Because of the heavy hand of the Catholic Church only a handful of Jews were living in Mexico at the start of the 19th century.  The Jewish population actually grew during the rule by the Austrian usurper as he “imported many Jews from Belgium, France, Austria and Alsatia.”  In one of those quirks of history the Jewish population actually benefited when Benito Juarez overthrew Maximilian in 1867. Under Juarez, the Church lost much of its authority and Jews found a secularized Mexico a hospitable place to settle.

1863:

1863: Birthdate of Alexander Harkavy the native of Minsk and husband of Bella Segalowski, who came to the United States in 1882 after pogroms in Russia who later went to Canada where published that country’s first Yiddish newspaper before return to the United States where he published the Jewish Progress in Baltimore before working on translations of several books of the Bible including “The Twenty-Four Books of the Holy Scriptures According to the Masoretic Text.”

1864: During the U.S. Civil War, start of the Battle of the Wilderness during which Sergeant Leopold Karpleles and Private Abraham Cohen served with such distinction that they each earned the Congressional Medal of Honor.

1864: Aaron Miller and Levi Myers completed their three year enlistment with Company I of the Thrity-Sixth Regiment.

1864: During the Battle of the Wilderness, Private Louis Leon (CSA) was taken prisoner and shipped to Point Lookout.

1864: Baroness Fannie de Worms and Baron Henry de Worms were married in Vienna. The marriage would end in 1886 in notorious divorce case with the Baron proving she had committed adultery with Moritz von Leon.

1865: Major Raphael Moses, “the chief supply officer for General James Longstreet, attended the last meeting of the Confederate government, at the Bank of the State of Georgia (later the Heard House), in Washington in Wilkes County where he was ordered by Confederate president Jefferson Davis to take possession of $40,000 in gold and silver bullion from the Confederate treasury and deliver it to help feed and supply the defeated soldiers straggling home after the war—weary, hungry, often sick, shoeless, and in tattered uniforms. With a small group of determined armed guards, Moses successfully carried out his duty, despite repeated attempts by mobs to take the bullion forcibly.”

1865(9th of Iyar, 5625): French Rabbi Salomon Ulmann passed away. Born at Saverne, Bas-Rhin in 1806 he began his rabbinical studies at Strasburg under Moïse Bloch (better known as Rabbi Mosche Utenheim), and was the first pupil enrolled at the initial competitive examination of candidates for the Ecole Centrale Rabbinique, inaugurated in July, 1830. He was also the first in his class at this institution to receive the diploma of chief rabbi. In 1834 he was appointed rabbi of Lauterbourg, Alsace; in 1844 he became chief rabbi of Nancy, in Lorraine; and in 1853 he succeeded Marchand Ennery as chief rabbi of the Central Consistory of the Israelites of France. Ulmann published a limited number of sermons and pastoral letters, and was the author also of "Catéchisme, ou Eléments d'Instruction Religieuse et Morale à l'Usage des Jeunes Israélites" which is considered a classic.” The most important act in Ulmann's rabbinical career was the organization of the Central Conference of the Chief Rabbis of France, over whose deliberations he presided at Paris in May, 1856. In that year Ulmann addressed a "Pastoral Letter to the Faithful of the Jewish Religion," in which he set forth the result of the deliberations of the conference, which were as follows: (1) revision and abbreviation of the piyyutim; (2) the introduction of a regular system of preaching; (3) the introduction of the organ into synagogues; (4) the organization of religious instruction; (5) the institution of the rite of confirmation for the Jewish youth of both sexes; (6) a resolution for the transfer of the Ecole Centrale Rabbinique from Metz to Paris.

1866: In Lida, Russia, Isaiah Blaustein and Sarah Natzkowsky gavie to David Blaustein, who was educated in Germany and came to the United States where his varied activities and career included three years at Harvard, serving as a rabbi in Providence, RI for three years before eventually becoming Superintendent of the Educational Alliance of New York.

1866: In Berdychiv, Ukraine, Wolf and Sura Beile Kaminka gave birth to Dr. Armand Ahron Noach Kaminka “the renowned rabbi, Hebrew scholar and secretary of Alliance Israelite Universelle in Vienna” who was arrested by the Nazis in 1938 and eventually settled in Israel and the husband of Klara Kaminka.

1867: In California, Baruch and Louisa Montag Rothschild gave birth to Leonore Rothschild who beame Leonore Rothschild Tauszky after she married Edmond Tausky.

1869(24th of Iyar): Joseph Jonas, who arrived in Cincinnati in 1817 possibly making him the first Jew to settle in that part of Ohio passed away today

1871: In Cleveland, OH, Morris Morris Ullman, the German born son of Judith and Leopold Ullman and Lenche Ullman gave birth to Jeanette Ullman the younger sister of Cleveland educated businessman Monroe Ullman who became Jeanette Friedenburg when she married Solomon Friedenburg.

1872: Two days after she had passed away, 78 year old Julia Solomon, “the widow of Samuel Solomon” was buried today at the “Brompton (Fulham Road) Jewish Cemetery.”

1876: Two days after he had passed away, 50 year old Emanuel Sampson, the Sony of Mary and Isaac Sampson was buried today at the “Balls Pond Road Jewish Cemetery.”

1878: “Murder of an American Lady” published today described how the sister of the American Vice Consul in Bucharest, Dr. Stern, was stabbed by a suitor her family had rejected three years earlier. The young woman was 20 years old and had only been married for four months.

1878: “A Mean Thief Punished” published today described how “Philip Leon, a well-dressed Hebrew” was tried and found guilty of having stolen a pawn ticket and a dollar from Julia McLoughlin.  Leon was sentenced to pay a fine of $50 and to serve a sentence of one month in the New York’s city jail.

1879:  According to the Rochester Express, J.B. Hoyt and J.B. Trevor are donating the funds to endow Chair of Hebrew Language and Literature at the Rochester Theological Seminary.

1879: In Russia, Aryeh Leib Yaakov Sadowsky and Fayga Rivka Sadowsky gave birth to RabbiSolomon Sadowsky who in 1902 came to the United States where served “a congregation in Albany for eight years before coming to Rochesterwhere he led Congregation Beth Israel and Congregation Agudas Achim Nusach Ari, “organized the “Orthodox Orphans Home Rochester, became an active Zionist a and authored several books including Necromancy in Hebrew Literature while raising five sons with his wife Celia.

1881: Anti-Jewish riots broke out in Kiev, Russia. The Russian pogroms of 1881 led to the spread of Zionist ideas in Eastern Europe and the formation, in 1882, of Hovevei Zion, the first organized modern Zionist movement in the world.

1881: Following the assassination a month earlier of Tzar Alexander II of Russia, and the subsequent rumors that the Jews were behind the assassination, anti-Jewish riots broke out today. The riots and pogroms lasted for four years, during which time thousands of Jewish homes and synagogues were destroyed, and countless Jews were injured and impoverished. The unrest started out in Southern Russia, and quickly spread throughout the entire country. Tzar Alexander III actually blamed the riots on the Jews(!) and punished them by enacting new laws which further restricted their freedoms. Among these devastating laws were legislation which restricted Jews from residing in towns with fewer than 10,000 citizens, and limiting their professional employment and education opportunities. These oppressive laws, known as the "May Laws," compelled many Jews to emigrate. They are said to have caused more than two million Jews to leave Russia, many of them opting

1881: In St. Louis, founding of the Home for Aged and Infirm Israelites on 1132 Washington Avenue whose leadership including S.A. Rider and Mrs. Lissette Baum.

1883: In Colchester, Essex, General Archibald Graham Wavell and Lillie(nee Percival) Wavell gave birth to Field Marshal Archibald Percival Wavell, who “in August, 1937, was transferred to Palestine, during the Arab Revolt to be General Officer Commanding (GOC) British Forces in Palestine and Trans-Jordan”1886: Birthdate of Russian native Edward S. Siskin, “the first known Jew to participate in athletics at Fordham, a Jesuit university” where he played end from 1905 to 1908 before serving as the head coach in 1918.

https://ipfs.io/ipfs/QmXoypizjW3WknFiJnKLwHCnL72vedxjQkDDP1mXWo6uco/wiki/Edward_Siskind.html1887(11th of Iyar, 5647): Sixty-four year old Simon Biensenstok, the husband of Helena Biensenstok and the father of Charles, Rachel, Sigfried  and Herman Bienenstok passed away after which he was buried at the United Hebrew Cemetery in University City, a suburb of St. Louis.

1887: In the United Kingdom, several Brethren who were also Secret Monitors met at the home of Dr. Issachar Zacaharie where it was resolved to from the Alfred Meadows Conclave with Dr. Zacharie as its first Supreme Ruler. Secret Monitors refers to The Order of the Secret Monitor and Brethren refers to Freemasons. Zacharie was born in Kent (England) in 1827.  As a small boy he moved to the United States where he became a foot doctor describes variously as an orthopedist or a chiropodist. During the Civil War he became President Lincoln’s foot doctor.  Their relationship transcended that which normally existed between doctor and patient.  Lincoln used him as an unofficial advisor and source of information. At one point he went to New Orleans to assess the situation there for the President.  ‘Due in part to Zacharie's influence, Lincoln became an early proponent of establishing a Jewish state in the Holy Land. ‘I myself have regard for the Jews,’ the president is reported to have once said. ‘My chiropodist is a Jew, and he has so many times 'put me on my feet' that I would have no objection to giving his countrymen 'a leg up.'"  Zacharie returned to England “from America in 1875 and built up a thriving orthopedic practice in Brook Street, London. He became a member of a Bon Accord Mark Lodge in 1882 where he met other Brethren who were also Secret Monitors, having received their degree in various places. These Brethren

were also members of Alfred Meadows Lodge named after a distinguished surgeon.”

1891: “Jewish Prisoners” published today described the work of Rabbi Adolph M. Radin with Jewish prisoners in New York jails and prisons.  New York City’s association of rabbis had designated him as “the visiting Chaplain” to fill this need.

1892: William Ambrose Shedd, a Persian received the George S. Green Fellowship in Hebrew at Princeton University. The theology student’s efforts gained him $600. Ivy League schools had an interest in the language of the Jews but no desire to have them on their campuses.

1892: Emanuel Lehman, the Treasurer of Transportation Fund for the Relief of Russian (Jewish) Refugees acknowledged the following contributions: Sigmund Robertson - $2,000; Lazarus Levy - $100; Seligman Solomon Society - $25; Mrs. G.M. Raphael - $10. This brings the total contributions to $97, 545.49.

1892: In Oxford, UK, Sir Archibald Garrod and Laura Elizabeth Smith gave birth to British archaeologist Dorothy Garrod who in 1929 led an all-female team to a dig in Israeli’s Carmel mountain range where they discovered the skeleton of a Neanderthal woman – “the first-ever to be discovered outside of Europe.”

1892: The Hebrew Orphan Asylum Band will supply the music this afternoon at the Actors’ Fund Fair in Madison Square Garden.

1893: “More Affidavits By Jews” published today described the aggressive attempts by some Christian denominations to convert Jews.

1895: Police will begin an investigation into a tale told by Bernard Zuckerman, a self-confessed thief, that he had been led into his life of crime by an unnamed Polish Jewish woman.  She came to the United States about four years ago, and behaving like a female Fagan, teaches young Jewish Polish boys how to steal and then disposes of their goods.

1895: “Art Notes” published today described the paintings with a Jewish Biblical theme that John S. Sargent has done to decorate the New Public Library in Boston. The wall space over the door depicts the delivery of the Israelites from Egyptian bondage. Below this “are a series of panels” that depict the “growth of the Hebrew religion”  “In the center, immediately over the door, is a colored bas-relief of Moses.”  

1895: Robert College in Constantinople which was created with an endowment by Christopher R. Robert of New York currently provides a western style education to a multi-ethnic student body of 200, five of whom are Jews.

1896: In New York, Matilda (Metzger) and Dr. Herman J. Schiff gave birth to Esther Schiff who gained fame as anthropologist Esther Schiff Goldfrank the wife of  Walter S. Goldfrank and the author the 1927 tome The Social and Ceremonial Organization of Cochiti


1896: Dreyfus wrote in his diary, "I have no longer anything to say; everything is alike in its horrible cruelty."

1898: “A Jewish Warship” published today described plans by Jews in Ohio to raise the money to pay for a warship to be used in the war against giving as their reasons “The Jews all over the world have a grudge against Spain” (remember the expulsion of 1492) and the fact that Jews “have had trials and tribulations in every country in the world except in America.”

1889: Rabbi Henry S. Jacobs is scheduled to deliver an address to the adult members of B’nai Jeshurun on the significant role of George Washington as part of the events celebrating the centennial of his first inauguration which took place in New York City on April 30, 1789.

1899:  Birthdate of Jacob “Gurrah” Shapiro, a partner of Louis “Lepke” Buchalter who helped establish Murder Incorporated.

1899: “Some interesting facts concerning the lot of the average physician working on the east side,” a predominately “Hebrew District” “were brought out at a meeting of the New York County Medico-Pharmaceutical League” tonight as part of an attempt to improve “the condition of the physicians and druggists.”

1899: Today, Rabbi De Sola Mendes said, “The condition of the Jewish populations west of Eighth Avenue and east of the Bowery in this city is not understood even by old New Yorker” and the Union of Jewish Congregations was formed to improve the welfare of the Jews living in this area.

1900: David Wolffsohn offers to resign his position with the Colonial Bank, also known as the Jewish Colonial Trust.  The Bank was established to buy land for the Jewish people in Eretz Israel.

1900: Birthdate of Nacha Rivkin, the founder of Shulamith School for Girls, the first girl's yeshiva in the U.S.



1901: President Percival S. Menken presided over the annual meeting of the Young Men’s Hebrew Association.  Attendees listened to the group’s 27th annual report, elected a board of directors and listened to a brief speech by the organization’s major benefactor, Jacob Schiff.

1901: President Simon Borg presided over the annual meeting of the Home for Aged and Infirmed Hebrews.  Based on the report of the Finance Committee, the Home’s financial condition was quite solid.  Jacob Schiff, President of the Montefiore Home for Chronicle Invalids addressed the group, congratulating the group for the quality of management at the Home.

1902: In “Presburg, Hungary,” “Rabbi Josef and Taube (Kaufman) Rosenblatt gave birth CCNY graduate and JTS ordained rabbi, Samuel Rosenblatt the hold of a Ph.D. from Columbai who several congregations including Adath Israel in Trenton, NJ, with the support of his wife, “the former Clara Woloch.”

https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/rosenblatt-samuel

https://jewishmuseummd.pastperfectonline.com/byperson?keyword=Rosenblatt%2C+Samuel+%28Rabbi%29

1903: “Jews Flee From Kieff” published today described conditions in the city of Kiev where “richer Jews have left their houses and have sought refuge in hotels” while “thousands of poor Jews have fled the city’ because of well-founded reports “that anti-Semitic crusade is imminent.” (Editor’s note: The fears were fanned by the Easter Pogrom at Kishinev.  Kiev would actually be spared until the wave of violence in 1905)

1904: “Jacob Goell and Mary Samowitz gave birth St. John’s University trained attorney Milton J. Goell, the holder of a BA from Harvard and Ph.D. from Yeshiva University who raised two children – James and Martha – with his wife Amy.

https://www.geni.com/people/Milton-Goell/6000000036927005926

https://www.nytimes.com/1971/08/23/archives/milton-j-goell.html

1905: Maurice Arnold de Forest, who had been adopted by the millionaire Baroness Clara de Hirsch, née Bischoffsheim, wife of Jewish banker and philanthropist Baron Maurice de Hirsch de Gereuth, and given the surname de Forest-Bischoffsheim, resigned this commission on 5 May 1906, by which time he was also an Honorary Second Lieutenant in the Army

1906: Count Sergei Yulyevich Witte, whose career had suffered because his second wife, Matilda Ivanovna (Isaakovna) Lisanevich, was a converted Jew, completed his service as 1st Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Russian Empire

1907: As violence gripped Russia it was reported today that Premier Stolypn feels that the
demands of the Jewish League presented are just, he is postponing taking action because if he did so the peasants would rise up and lynch the Jews.


1908: Akron, Ohio, department store owner Bert A. Polsky and his wife the former Hazel Steiner gave birth to the oldest child and only son Thomas E. Polsky,

1909: Birthdate of Hungarian poet Miklós Radnóti, whose life was shaped by the fact that his mother and his twin brother died during his birth,

1909: Three days after she had passed away, Mary Ada Mocatta, the daughter of Frederick David Gloldsmid and the former Caroline Samuel and the wife of Frederick David Mocatta, the scion of a prominent Jewish family who wrote The Jews of Spain and Portugal and the Inquisition was buried today at the “Balls Pond Road Jewish Cemetery.”

1909: Henri Daniel Mayrargue and Eveline Bethsabée Lattès, the daughter of Israël-Vita Lattès and Marie Lattès gave birth to Jean Mayrargue.

1910: Birthdate of Josef Karlenboim who made Aliyah in 1930 and gained fame as Yosef Almogi, Israeli military, labor and political leaders.

1910: Birthdate of Leo Lionni who along with David Wiesner was one of the two most “influential children’s book illustrators of the twentieth century.” The Amsterdam native’s father was a Sephardic Jewish who worked in the diamond business.  His mother was a Christian.

1911: Birthdate of “Andor Lilienthal, the last of the original 27 chess grandmasters, who played 10 world champions and beat 6 of them…”

1912(18thof Iyar, 5672): Lag B’Omer

1912: A week before his 27th birthday, Brooklyn Law School trained attorney Nathan Sweedler, Meyer, the son of Samuel and Ada Sweddler,  the director of the Brooklyn Federation of Jewish Charities and founder of the Brooklyn Jewish Chronicle married Ada L. Meyer



Samuel and Ida (Soloway) Sweddler, gave birth to Brooklyn Law School trained attorney Nathan Sweedler, the husband Ada L. Meyer, the director of the Brooklyn Federation of Jewish Charities and founder of the Brooklyn Jewish Chronicle.

1912:  The Summer Olympics in which Abel Kiviat “won a silver medal in the 1500 meter race” opened today in Stockholm.

1913: Miss Ella Hartman was elected President of the Junior Auxilliary of the Mother’s Aid of the Chicago Lying-in Hospital and Dispensary which met at Temple Isaiah.

1913: The Chicago Association of Jewish Women is scheduled to meet in the Sinai Social Center where Mrs. Israel Cowen will be elected President.

1913: Miss Biefeld’s Young Ladies Band is scheduled to provide the music at today’s meeting of the Chicago Association of Jewish Women in the Sinai Social Center where attendees can vote for new officers between one and three in the afternoon.

1914: “There were strong indications today that Detective Will J. Burns will be detained under heavy bond as a material witness before the Grand Jury in its investigation of bribery charged made by the prosecution in the Leo Frank case against the defense whose method of obtaining affidavits to exonerate Frank of the murder of Mary Phagan and to convict Jim Conley of the crime have been called into question.”

1915: Today, Isidore Hershfield, the Director of the Hebrew Sheltering and Immigrant Aid Society of America declared that “every Jew, man, woman and child in the Province of Kovno was expelled on twenty-four hours’ notice” with all of them fleeing west toward the battle front controlled by the Germans

1915: Birthdate of Emanuel Litvinoff, an English-born Jewish poet known for his scathing verse indictment of T. S. Eliot’s anti-Semitism — and for reading it before an audience that happened to include Eliot. (As reported by Margalit Fox)

1915:  H.A. Alexander, Leo Frank’s local attorney said Louis Marshall’s decision to ask “the United States Supreme court to hand down without further delay the mandate in the Leo M. Frank case” was “a surprise” to him.

1915: During the Gallipoli campaign, during the fighting at Kritihia, Private Groushkowksy of the Zion Mule Corps “prevented his mules from stampeding under heavy bombardment and despite being wounded in both arms, delivered his load of ammunition for which he was awarded a Distinguished Conduct Medal.

1915: It was reported today from Constantinople, that “the most curious feature is the attitude of the Jews” in Turkey “who are in many ways the intellectuals.  Jewish influence has been enormous in Turkey and it has been said their Zionist aims had seriously undermined the loyalty of the Arabs.  Apparently however, Enver Pasha has decided Arab support is worth a great deal more than that of the Jews and various steps have been taken to force the Jews into a Turkish mold.  Jewish disaffection is no slight matter and it is more significant as Jewish influence had hitherto worked powerfully for Germany.”

1916: It was announced today “that $900 had been contributed by Bronx businessman towards that borough’s campaign to raise funds for the aid of “Jewish war sufferers”

1916: President Wilson appointed Jacob Jerome Steinfelder the inspiration for the book Family Doctor by Richard and Dorothy Williams to serve as a lieutenant in the United States Army Medical Reserve Corps.

1917: At a mass meeting of Zionists held this evening, “Nathan Straus offered to defray the traveling expenses of all wishing to move to Palestine” but lack “means to do so.”

1917: At Cooper Union, during the first of a series of meetings “planned for the principal cities” in the United States “to crystalize Jewish sentiment on the subject of Zionism” Rabbi Stephen S. Wise declared that “the Jewish problem could be solved only Jews in a Jewish way, by the Jewish soul on Jewish soil.”

1917: “Jews in Palestine are threatened with a massacre, according to a cablegram received” in Chicago today “by Adolph Kraus, International President of the Order of B’nai B’rith from President Gilbert of the London” B’nai B’rith Lodge who appealed to Kraus to intervene with the American government.

1918: “The Bride’s Awakening” a silent drama directed by Robert Z. Leonard and produced by Carl Laemmle was released in the United States today.

1918: Jacob Schiff and Julius Rosenwald were among the speakers at the Belvedere in Baltimore where that city’s Jews were “launching a drive to raise its quote of $350,000 which was part of the $15,000,000 general war relief fund.”

1919: Birthdate of Samuel Abraham Goldblith, “an American food scientist” who studied malnutrition during World War II “and later was involved in food research important for space exploration.”  He died in 2001.

1919: Mrs. Joseph Hevesh is scheduled to read the prize winning story “My Father and I” at the annual meeting of the Council of Jewish Women at the Sinai Center in Chicago.

1920: Birthdate of Charles Hirsch Schneer, a native of Norfolk, Virginia who gained fame as a film producer most widely known for working with special effects pioneer, Ray Harryhausen. (As reported by Margalit Fox)

1921: Birthdate of Poet and liturgist Ruth Brin

1921:  Birthdate of Arthur Leonard Schawlow winner of the 1981 Nobel Prize for Physics.

1921 (27th of Nisan, 5681): Fifty-six year old Austrian born  Alfred Hermann Fried  a leading pacifist, author, co-founder of the German peace movement one of the recipients of the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1911 passed away today

1921: Demobilized Jewish soldiers under the command of a Jewish officer were assigned to patrol duty in Tel Aviv as part of today’s efforts by General Deeds and Judge Norman Bentwich to restore order in Palestine.  Arabs, including Arab policemen, began rioting on May 1.  So far 27 Jews have been killed during the violence and another 150 have been wounded.

1922: “Morris J. Clurman” and “Lena Shimshak” gave birth to Herman Clurman, the husband of “Gloria A. Glick Clurman.

1922: Fifty-two year old Judge Joseph Sabath, the Bohemian born son of Joachim and Barbara (Eisenschimmel) Sabath applied and husband of Regina Mayer applied for a U.S. passport today and his brother Congress Adolph J. Sabath attested as to his identiy.

1924: In Berlin, dermatologist Dr. Joseph Cassel and Edith (Basch) Cassel gave birth to Lili Cassel who gained gamed as illustrator and calligrapher Lili Wronker. (As reported by Richard Sandomir)

https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/07/obituaries/lili-wronker-dead.html

1925: Birthdate of Polish native and Holocaust survivor Simon Kohn, founder of Simon Kohn’s Kosher Restaurant and Deli where they make great kishka and meat knishes. (Editor’s note – I am not neutral in this.  For years Kohn’s filled all of my late wife’s meat orders shipping to Cedar Rapids on time and fresh.

1926: Funeral rites are held at Temple Beth-El for businessman, philanthropist and diplomat Oscar Straus.

1926: In Manhattan, attorney Max Hirson and Hazel (Adlowich) Hirson gave birth to WW II Army veteran and Yale University graduate Roger Overholt Hirson a prominent writer for live television in the 1950s and ’60s who collaborated with the composer Stephen Schwartz on the hit Broadway musical “Pippin” (As reported by Richard Sandomir)

https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/29/obituaries/roger-hirson-dead.html?action=click&module=Well&pgtype=Homepage&section=Obituaries

1927: In Manhattan, Anita Gerber and Irwin Rosen gave birth to Charles Welles Rosen “the pianist, polymath and author whose National Book Award-winning volume “The Classical Style” illuminated the enduring language of Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven” (As reported by Margalit Fox)

1930: Birthdate of Barry M. Farber, the native of Baltimore who grew up in Greensboro, NC, attended the University of North Carolina before beginning a career as a conservative radio talk show “who Talkers magazine ranked as the 9th greatest radio talk show host of all time.”

1930: In St. Paul, MN, Belle and Albert Shaw gave birth to Stanford J. Shaw whose works include The Jews of the Ottoman Empire and the Turkish Republicand Turkey and the Holocaust: Turkey's role in rescuing Turkish and European Jewry from Nazi persecution, 1933-1945

1931: In Brooklyn, accountant Max Greenberg and Bertha (Rosenberg) Greenberg gave birth to Columbia graduate and Navy veteran Daniel Sheldon Greenberg, the younger brother civil rights attorney Jack Greenberg and husband of Wanda Reif whose coverage of science could only be described as “ground breaking.” (As reported by Cornelia Green)

https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/22/science/daniel-s-greenberg-dead.html?action=click&module=Well&pgtype=Homepage&section=Obituaries

1933: In Budapest, Donald and Ilona Sass gave birth to Evelyn Erika Sass who as Evelyn Handler gained gamed as a cell biologist and the first women to serve as President of Brandeis University. (As reported by Paul Vitello)

1933: In New York, Abraham Schneider, the President of Columbia Pictures, and his wife gave birth to Berton “Bert” Schneider the movie executive who “in 1975, received an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature for producing Hearts and Minds, a documentary film about the Vietnam War.”



1933: Ludwig Kaas, who was in Rome at the behest of Cardinal Pacelli to negotiate a Concordat between Hitler and the Vatican, resigned his post as Chairman of the Centre Party one of the last political institution standing in the way of the Nazi’s complete control of Germany.

1934: In Cologne, Germany, Friedrich Carol von Oppenheim, a Righteous Among the Nations and his wife gave birth to Alfred Paul Ernst Freiherr von Oppenheim the “German billionaire and banker” “known in Americas Alfred Oppenheim, the husband of Jeanne von Oppenheim “with whom he had three children Victoria, Alexander and Christopher.”

http://articles.latimes.com/2005/jan/08/local/me-passings8.1

1935: “Leading Christians, headed by former Governor Alfred E. Smith, called upon all Americans today to aid the United Jewish Appeal in its effort to raise $3,250,000 in the United States for the relief and rehabilitation of Jews in Germany and Eastern Europe and the settlement of Jews in Palestine

1936: “A big fire” which was presumably started by arsonists “broke out today in Balfour Forest in northern Palestine destroying more than a thousand trees planted by the Jews.

1936: “The British High Commissioner, Sir Arthur G. Wauchope today met the Arab High Council and told them he was ‘confident none of you gentlemen associate yourself with…any illegal act” and advised them “that they immediately make it known that there not connected with” the violence surrounding the strike.

1936: Birthdate of Sanford Irving Beresofsky the native of Brooklyn who gained fame as comedian Sandy Baron.

http://www.nytimes.com/2001/01/29/arts/sandy-baron-64-veteran-comic-who-antagonized-morty-seinfeld.html

1937: The convention of the Union of Orthodox Rabbis in the United States and Canada, an “organization that includes in its membership about 98 per cent of all the orthodox rabbis in the United States” is scheduled to continue for a third day in Atlantic City, NJ.

1938: The Palestine Postreported that a Jewish farmer, Haim Sober, 40, was attacked by Arabs while on his way home to Karkur and beaten with sticks to death.

1938: As Sigmund Freud's family members continued their departure from Vienna, his “sister-in-law, Minna Bernays, left for London” today a week before Martin Freud left for the British capital.

1938: The Palestine Postreported that an Arab watchmen employed by the Iraqi Petroleum Company was shot and killed in a Tiberias cafe, apparently because he was to serve as a witness in the court case against the Izza ed Din el Kassam Arab terrorist gang which murdered a Jew at Nahalal.

1939: U.S. premiere of “Lucky Night” a comedy directed by Norman Taurog.

1939: Birthdate of photographer Ryszard Horowitz, the native of Krakow who was shipped to a Nazi concentration at the age of four months, and at the age of five was one of the survivors of Auschwitz liberated by the Soviets.

http://www.ryszardhorowitz.com/analog.html

1939: “Lucky Night,” a comedy directed by Norman Taurog was released in the United States today.

1939: “Rose of Washington” a musical “inspired by” the lives and marriage of Fanny Brice and Nicky Arnstein” directed by Gregory Ratoff featuring Al Jolson was released in the United States today.

1939: Sara Kucikowicz, the author of “The Cruel Winter” gave her tutor Shlomo Achituv “a photograph of herself, and on the back inscribed the following: “Shlomka, so you’ll remember me. Sara.” The portrait was made at the M. Glouberman photo studio at 12 Pilsudskiego St.” (As reported by JTA)

1939: The Nuremberg anti-Jewish laws went into effect in Hungary
1939: Under newly enacted legislation first presented by ex-Prime Minister Bella Imredy two thirds of Hungary's Jews were denaturalized because they became citizens after 1914. Jews had to leave all government-related positions before the end of the year.


1940: “Dead Man’s Shoes” a British drama featuring Ludwig Stössel as “Doctor Breithaut” was released in the United Kingdom today.

1941: Emperor Haile Selassie returns to Addis Ababa, capital of Ethiopia after a five year exile brought about the Italian conquest of his kingdom.  This marked one of the early victories of the Allies over the fascists and thus was a turning point in World War II. The Emperor had spent part of his exile in Palestine where he was greeted warmly by the Jewish population

1942 (18th of Iyar, 5702): Lag B’Omer

1942 (18th of Iyar, 5702): Jewish teachers and educators in the Warsaw Ghetto created a special day for children, during which they were treated to games, plays, and special rations of sweets.

1942 (18th of Iyar, 5702): Prof. Jakob Edmund Speyer, a Jew from Frankfurt, Germany, who invented an important painkiller called Eukodal, died of exhaustion in the ghetto at Lodz, Poland

1943: The Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto continued to hold out against the Nazis.

.1943: Himmler visited the Zagreb, Yugoslavia. Soon thereafter 1,400 Jews were deported

1944: Birthdate of journalist and author Richard Bernstein

http://www.nytimes.com/books/01/03/25/reviews/010325.25fratert.html

http://richardbernstein.net/About-Me.html

1944: Bruce Sundlun whose B-17 had been shot down on its 13th mission entered Switzerland after having made his way across France where he worked with the Maquis and where he would be recruited by spymaster Allen Dulles to work for the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) the forerunner of the CIA.

1944: Jacob Shapiro was sentenced to serve a sentence of 15 years to life after having been convicted of conspiracy and extortion.  He only served three years of the sentence since he died of a heart attack while in prison in 1947.

1944: The Jewish Exponent “was purchased by the Allied Jewish Appeal, a precursor of the Jewish Federation of Greater Philadelphia.

http://www.jewishexponent.com/

1945: Seventy-nine year old oriental language professor and amateur archeologist who climbed Mount Ararat “in search of Noah’s Ark” and who sold the clay tablet that became known as Plimpton 322 which provided a window into the world of Babylonian mathematics and linguistics passed away today.

1945: The presiding bishop of the German-Catholic bishops' conference instructs his priests to say a mass in Hitler's memory

1945:  After the commander of the bunker at Ebensee (prison) murdered all prisoners who had worked at the crematorium and the bunker, prisoners transported from Mauthausen, Austria, and Warsaw revolted at the labor camp at Ebensee, Austria. When they were ordered into a tunnel packed with explosives, they refused to budge, confusing the SS and Volksdeutscheguards, all of whom were mindful of the advancing Allies and the likelihood of war-crimes trials. The prisoners' defiance was successful and they were left unharmed. In the face of this defiance and out of fear for what might happen when the Allies arrive the Germans fled. As U.S. troops entered the camp, a brutal German Kapo (foreman) pleaded with inmates not to turn him over to the Americans as a war criminal. He was attacked by three Jewish boys and killed. Other Germans at Ebensee met similar fates.

1945: Victor Kugler, “one of the people who helped to hide Anne Frank and her family” came out hiding today after the Netherlands were liberated today.

1945: At 11:30 a.m. two American armored vehicles approached the camp gate Mauthansan and were admitted by the prisoners. The troops were from the U.S. 11th Armored Division the force that had liberated the concentration camp at Mauthausen, Austria. 110,000 survivors were found, including 28,000 Jews. Bodies of 10,000 inmates were discovered in a mass grave. In the days following liberation, more than 3000 inmates will die. The Americans did not have enough supplies to offer a fraction of these numbers. Foods such as candy, chocolate, milk and jams were too rich for the starving who still died as a result of malnutrition. One survivor, Sidney Fahn, weighed 80 pounds.

1945: Hollywood producer George Stevens who was working for the United States Army, filmed the first Jewish service at Dachau which was conducted Rabbi David Max Eichhorn, who was a chaplain with the United States Army.

1945: Louise Lawrence-Israëls was three years old when “Canadian forces liberated Amsterdam” today.

http://www.ushmm.org/remember/office-of-survivor-affairs/survivor-volunteer/louise-lawrence-israels

1945: Private Hershel Wright of the US Army gave oranges to starving survivors of the Wöbbelin concentration camp which had been liberated by the GI’s on May 2nd.

http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/this_month/may/13.asp

1945: The camp at Gusen, Austria, near Mauthausen, is liberated by the U.S. Army; 2000 inmates remain alive.

1945: The U.S. 71st Infantry Division liberates the camp at Gunskirchen, Austria, where 18,000 inmates remain alive. Hungarian author and journalist Geza Havas, force-marched to the camp from Mauthausen, died a few hours before the Americans arrive.

1945: “After a total of 12 months of imprisonment, including two months in the Melk an der Donau camp, Miklós Nyiszli and his fellow prisoners were liberated” today

1946: Birthdate of Chicago radio personality Eddie Schwartz.

1947: Members of Kibbutz Yakum (He Shall Rise) met to consider a name change.  They decided to keep the name



1948: A group of Jewish immigrant from Egypt founded Bror Hayil (selection of soldiers) a kibbuz in southern Israel near Sderot.

1949(6thof Iyar, 5709): Fifty year old Samuel Pesin, “an assistant corporation counsel” in Jersey City for the past 11 years, “a member of the John Marshall Law College,” a former President of Congregation Mount Sinai in Jersey City Heights and husband of Libby Pesin with whom he had two children – Edward and Ada – passed away today in Christ Hospital.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1949/05/06/84562507.pdf

1950(18thof Iyar, 5710): Lag B’Omer

1950: “The Reformer and the Redhead” a comedy co-directed and co-produced by Melvin Frank who also co-authored the screenplay, featuring Marvin Kaplan and with music by David Raskin was released in the United States today.

1952: The Pulitzer Prize was awarded to Herman Wouk for the Caine Mutiny. Herman Wouk was born in New York City in 1915 into a Jewish family that had emigrated from Russia, and received an A.B. from Columbia University. During World War II, then joined the United States Navy and served in the Pacific Theater.  This experience would provide the background material for The Caine Mutiny.  If you ever see the film version of the book, there is a scene at the end where the officers of the U.S.S. Caine are celebrating during which one of the characters gives a speech that show real villain of the piece was an author who spent his time on the ship writing the great American War novel while it is a Jewish lawyer who champions the cause of the unsuspecting dupe who is being court-martialed  From a Jewish perspective, two of his most important works were This is My God: The Jewish Way of Life published in 1959 and The Will to Live on: The Resurgence of Jewish Heritage published in 2000.  According to at least one source Wouk decided that he would be an Observant Jew when he joined the Navy.  Reportedly, while he was in the service, Wouk donned tefillin daily before he davened on a daily basis.  The crew members thought that Mr. Wouk’s little black boxes gave them the edge during enemy attacks.  After the war, Wouk was something of an anomaly among Jewish intellectuals – a successful Jewish author who did not turn his back on being Jewish.

1952: Aba Houshy, Mayor of Haifa, leaves Israel to fly to New York City to makes speeches as part of the annual Israel Bond Drive.

1953: The Jerusalem Postreported that the Treasury expressed satisfaction at the public response to the compulsory property loan which could be converted into a tax. Out of 10,500 property owners, 7,700 choose to pay the tax.

1953: “The Juggler” a movie based on Michael Blankfort’s novel about a Holocaust who comes to Israel where it was filmed, produced by Stanley Kramer and starring Kirk Douglas was released in the United States today.

1954: Birthdate of David Azulai, the native of Morocco who made Aliyah in 1963 and developed a career in Israeli politics that climax with service as an MK. Azulai is an “alumnus” Zion Blumenthal Orphanage which founded near the Bukharim Quarter in 1900 by Rabbi Yochanan Blumenthal

1954: Birthdate of Dave Spector, the Chicago native who is one of the more visible foreign personalities(gaijin tarento) in Japan.

1955: In a move which frightened many of those who remembered the atrocities of Nazi German, “the full authority of a sovereign state was granted to the Federal Republic of Germany” which lead to the rebuilding of the Germany Army as a part of NATO.

1955: U.S. premiere of “Daddy Long-Legs” with a script by Henry and Phoebe Ephron.

1956(24th of Iyar, 5716): Parashat Behar-Bechukotai

1956(24th of Iyar, 5716): Sixty-eight year old Russian born Fannie Abramowitz Shapiro, the “honorary president of the women’s auxiliary of the Hebrew Home for the Aged at Riverdale,” “the wife of Philip Shapiro, a fruit and vegetable wholesaler and the mother Emil Chiron and Jeannette Steinman passed away today in the Brooklyn Jewish Hospital.

1956(24th of Iyar, 5716): Fifty-four year old Miklós Nyiszli, the Jewish physician forced to work at Auschwitz passed away today in Romania.

http://www.auschwitz.dk/Nyiszli.htm

1957: “He’s the Dean of Southern Rabbi’s “by William Hammack published in today’s Atlanta Constitution recounts the life of Rabbi Tobia Geffen, “the Coca Cola Rabbi.” "He's the Dean of Southern Rabbis

1958: Birthdate of “Lieutenant Colonel Ron Arad…an IAF fighter pilot and an Israeli Air Force weapon systems officer (WSO) who is officially classified as missing in action since October 1986, but widely presumed dead. Hezbollah claimed that Arad died during an escape attempt in May 1988. An Israeli secret military commission report claimed that Arad died of illness in 1995, and was buried in the Beqaa Valley.”

1959(27th of Nisan, 5719): Yom HaShoah

1959: Today, Arab leader Dr. Charles Malik “visited the opening of the Israeli Pavilion at World Trade Fair and drank champagne at the exhibit with the Israeli Consul General, Simcha Pratt…”

1960(8th of Iyar, 5720): Sixty-six year old NYU trained attorney and WW I Samuel H. Kaufman, the federal judge best known for his role in the trial of Alger Hiss who was the husband of “Mrs. Ann E. Delaney Kaufman,” and the brother of Goldie, Julius and David Kaufman passed away today.

https://www.fjc.gov/node/1383091

1964: In Boulogne-Billancourt, Hauts-de-Seine Professor Roland Copé, a surgeon of Romanian Jewish origin, and Monique Ghanassia, of Algerian Jewish origin gave birth to French political leader Jean-François Copé

1964: “An Air Force neurosurgeon” and a woman who had “survived as a hidden child in France during WW II” while her grandparents had been murdered at Auschwitz gave birth to Harvard educated historian and author Tom Reiss who wrote The Orientalist: Solving the Mystery of a Strange and Dangerous Life,a biography about Lev Nussimbaum and the Pulitzer prize winning The Black Count: Glory, Revolution, Betrayal and the Real Count of Monte Cristo.

1965: In Washington, DC, “Jennifer Cafritz (née Stats) and real estate developer, Conrad Cafritz gave birth to punk rocker Julia Cafrtiz.

1967: In Sweden, Karin Tegmark and mathematician Harold Shaprio gave birth to cosmologist Max Erk Tegmark.

1969: Pulitzer Prize awarded to Norman Mailer for Armies of the Night, a recollection of his own experiences at the Washington peace rallies of 1968, during which he was jailed.

1970: Due to the ill health of the accused, the trial of Helmut Bischoff, the chief of security for the Nazi V-Weapons Program was suspended today and would not resume until 1974.

1972(21stof Iyar, 5732): Ninety-year old archaeologist Hetty Goldman passed away today.

http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/goldman-hetty

1973: “There Goes Rhymin’ Simon,” “the third studio album by Paul Simon was released today.

1973: "Something So Right" a song by the American singer-songwriter Paul Simon was released today.

1975: In “Responsa: The Law as Seen by Rabbis for 1,000 years” Israel Shenker describes the role of Rabbi Moshe Feinstein whom he describes as “a court of last resort” for Orthodox Jews.

http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive/pdf?res=F20F13F93E5D137B93C7A9178ED85F418785F9

1976(5th of Iyar, 5736): Yom HaAtzma’ut

1976: “Baby Blue Marine” a WW II movie produced by Leonard Goldberg and Aaron Spelling was released in the United States.

1978: Funeral services are scheduled to be held today in Brooklyn for Solomon Berman, a C.P.A. who was the husband of Florence Berman with whom he had two children – Glenda and Robert.

1978: Funeral services are scheduled to be held today for Bertha Hamada, the widow of the late Sam Hamada and the mother of Miriam Skolnik and Irving Hamada.

1978: The Jerusalem Postreported that the Foreign Minister, Moshe Dayan said that Israeli Defense Forces must remain permanently in Judea and Samaria; Israelis should reserve the right to buy land and to settle in these territories, and should reserve the right of an unrestricted movement in the whole area.

1981(1st of Iyar, 5741): Rosh Chodesh Iyar is celebrated for the first during the Presidency of Ronald Reagan.

1983: Chaim Herzog began serving as President of Israel, a position he would hold until the election of Ezer Weizman in 1993.

1984: Billy Cyrstal hosted Saturday Night Live’s ninth season finale tonight prior to joining “the regular cast for the 1984-85 season.”

1985: Following a visit to the former Nazi concentration camp at Belsen, President Ronald Regan visits the Bitburg cemetery which contains the graves of 49 SS soldiers.  The visit had touch off a storm of controversy and protest.

1985: An additional 2,000-foot section of the ramparts of the Old City of Jerusalem gained modern lighting. The segment may now be walked at night, in a leisurely half-hour, starting at the Zion Gate and ending at the Citadel of David. There, a small amphitheater has been constructed for a sound-and-light display.

1987: Henry Heinz Schwarz, the longtime opponent of apartheid and member of the opposition completed his service Shadow Minister of Finance.

1990: Eighty-nine year old screenwriter and producer Endre Bohem passed away today.

http://articles.latimes.com/1990-05-08/news/mn-96_1_endre-bohem

1990: NBC broadcast the final episode of season 5 of Golden Girls a sitcom created by Susan Harris, starring Beatrice Arthur and Estelle Getty, with music by Andrew Gold.

1991(21st of Iyar, 5751): Yuval Glick and Moshe Leshem were killed when their F-4 Phantom Jet crashed into Lake Tiberius.

1991(21st of Iyar, 5751): Eighty-seven year old Chaim Gross an Austrian born American sculptor passed away. (As reported by John T. McQuiston)


1993(14th of Iyar, 5753): Pesach Sheni

1994(24th of Iyar, 5754): Dutch architect Hein Salomonson architect passes away at the age of 83.

1994(24th of Iyar, 5754): Sixty-four year old Joe Layton, the dancer turned Choreographer and Director passed away today.


1995(5th of Iyar, 5755): Mikhail Moiseyevich Botvinnik passed away.  Born in 1911, this Russian Jew was an International Chess Grandmaster and a long time World Champion.

1995: NBC broadcast the final episode for season number three of “Homicide: Life on the Street” co-starring Richard Belzer and Yaphet Kotto directed by Barry Levinson.

1996(16th of Iyar 5756): Ninety-four year old David Lasser, a socialist activist and driving force behind the drive to create rockets passed away today in California.



1997(28th of Nisan, 5757): Yom HaShoah

1997(28th of Nisan, 5757): Eighty-one year old photojournalist David Scherman passed away today.  (As reported by Holcomb b. Noble)


1998: This 1960 production of Peter Pan, a musical created by Mark "Moose" Charlap, Jule Styne, Carolyn Leigh, Betty Comden and Adolph Green was released on VHS home video

1999: The National Science Board (NSB) has named Maxine Frank Singer, Ph.D., president of the Carnegie Institution of Washington, D.C. to receive the 1999 Vannevar Bush Award for lifetime contributions to science and engineering. Singer will receive the Bush Award on May 5 in Washington, D.C. at a National Science Board awards ceremony.

2000: The Times of London features a review of Righteous Victims: A history of the Zionist-Arab conflict, 1881-1999by Benny Morris and The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab world since 1948by Avi Shlaim.

2000: ABC broadcast the final episode of “Boy meets World” a sitcom starring Ben Savage.

2000: “Gladiator” a Roman Empire epic co-starring Joaquin Phoenix with music by Hans Zimmer was released in the United States today.

2001(12thof Iyar, 5661): Parashat Achrei Mot-Kedoshim

2001: This evening Shiva for 84 year old Professor Eliezer A. Mishkin, the husband of Esther Mishkin, the father of Susan Jonathan and Arnon Mishkin, a “dedicated supporter of Israel and pioneer in electrical engineering and physics, who “after earning his bachelor's degree from the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, persuaded the university to start a doctoral program” which led to him earning the Technion's first such degree in electrical engineering in 1952;

2002(23rd of Iyar, 5762): Eighty-five year old child actor turned movie director George Sidney passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/07/arts/george-sidney-85-director-of-many-movie-musicals.html

2002: The New York Times featured books by Jewish writers and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Collected Stories of Joseph Roth: Funerals for the Old World and the recently released paperback edition of Paradise Park by Allegra Goodman.

2002: Jack Lang completed his service as Education Minister of France.

2003: “Lashing out at rivals within his own faction, Amram Mitzna quit today as the leader of Israel's left-of-center Labor Party -- a sign of the disarray hobbling Israel's left as the Bush administration presses a new Middle East peace plan.” (As reported by James Bennet)

2004(14th of Iyar, 5764): Pesach Sheni

2004: In “That Old Feeling: Hail, Harvey!” Richard Corliss remembers Harvey Kurtzman of Mad magazine fame who died in 1993.

http://content.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,633658,00.html

2005: British Laborite Barbara Maureen Roche lost her seat as a Member of Parliament for Hornsey and Wood Green

2005: David Wright Miliband, the son of Jewish immigrants, is named Minister of State for Communities and Local Government by Prime Minister Tony Blair.

2006: “Hoot” a comedy based on a book of the same name starring Logan Lerman as “Roy A. Eberhardt” was released today in the United States.

2006: The Hebrew Cemetery in Richmond, VA “aka Hebrew Burying Ground” founded in 1816 was added to the National Register of Historic Places.

https://www.bethahabah.org/heritage/hebrew-cemetery/

2006: David Wright Miliband, the son of Jewish immigrants, named Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs by Prime Minister Tony Blair.

2006:The New-York Historical Society named Doris Kearns Goodwin its American history laureate and  presented her with its inaugural $50,000 Book Prize for American history for Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln a biography of the 16th president and his cabinet.

2006:  In Cedar Rapids, Temple Judah celebrates the Confirmation of Vanessa Levi, daughter of Elizabeth and Shlomo Levi and Daniel DeClue, son of Carolyn and Rick DeClue.  These two bright, intelligent youngsters are living proof of the resiliency of the Jewish spirit in communities both large and small.  But more important than their intellectual accomplishments is the fact that these two are decent, caring human beings. It is fitting that their ceremony falls on the Shabbat when the Torah portion is Kedoshim since it reminds us that in the world of Jewish values “nice guys finish first.” 

2007: “The Sculpture of Louise Nevelson: Constructing a Legend” opened at the Jewish Museum in New York City.

2007: As part of Jewish Heritage Month, The National Archives in Washington, D.C. presented a screening of An American Tail. The film is the story of the Mousekewitz family’s journey to America and of their young son, Fievel, who gets lost along the way. Landing in a bottle, Fievel washes ashore in New York Harbor where, determined to find his family, he comes face to face with the perils and opportunities of the New World. The film features the voices of Dom DeLuise, Christopher Plummer, and Madeline Kahn and is directed by Don Bluth.

2007: Running of the Kentucky Derby.  While it's not a well-known part of our Western mythology, the Jewish Hart brothers of Kentucky formed the Transylvania Company, bartering ten thousand pounds of merchandise with the Cherokee nation, in exchange for 20 million acres of land in Kentucky, according to Howard M. Sachar's "A History of the Jews in America." Yes, the Jews did give America most of Kentucky, with the help of their hired explorers Daniel Boone and his adopted Jewish son, Samuel Sanders. Another oddity is that in 1936 the Kentucky Derby was, in effect, a Jewish "sweep." Bold Venture was the winner, owned by Morton Schwartz, trained by Max Hirsch and ridden by Ira Hanford. All the human beings involved in this horse racing victory were Jews. Sometimes we suspect that Bold Venture was Jewish that day, too

2007(17thof Iyar, 5767): Seventy-nine year old Theodore Maimen, who demonstrated the first laser in 1960, passed away today. (As reported by Douglas Martin)

http://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/11/obituaries/11maiman.html?_r=1&

2008(30th of Nisan, 5768): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

2008: “At approximately 2 a.m. Arizona time, the Hersh family’s original documents” which included documentation of the role that Hungarian immigrant and grocery store owner Joseph Abraham Hersh had in the creation of the Kosher Wine Industry, were destroyed and lost forever

2008(30th of Nisan, 5768): Irv Robbins, the co-founder of Baskin-Robbins, passed away. Robbins reportedly cashed in a $6,000 insurance policy given him for his bar Mitzvah in 1945 to start his first ice cream store.

http://www.latimes.com/news/obituaries/la-me-robbins7-2008may07,0,3080340.story

2008: The 92nd Street Y presents “Growing Up Jewish in Baghdad” in which acclaimed novelist, essayist and critic Naim Kattan shares his personal history of growing up Jewish in Baghdad in the 1940s. Kattan draws a portrait of a cosmopolitan place where the Jewish community had flourished for more than 2,500 years, alongside Christians and Muslims—a sharp contrast to the present-day city whose uncertain future is now intricately tied to our own.

2008: Time magazinepublished excerpts from the diary of Rutka Laskier in article entitled “Poland’s Anne Frank.” Rutka Laskier lived in Bedzin, Poland, with her parents, grandmother and brother. Her journal, covering four months in 1943, provides a rare glimpse of the daily life of Jews under Nazi rule. The diary was found after World War II by a friend--who kept it to herself for 60 years before allowing it to be published, initially in Polish, in 2006.  The English language version of the diary is being published under the title Rutka’s Notebook: A Voice from the Holocaust.

2008: Israel's Reform Jews dedicated the first non-Orthodox synagogue to receive state funding on Monday, after a long court battle that accented the rift among streams of Judaism in Israel. The Reform Yozma congregation fought for the better part of a decade for state funding equivalent to what Orthodox congregations receive. After arguing their case twice before the Supreme Court, they got what they wanted: a prefabricated, two-room building on a plot of land in the center of Modiin, a new town between Jerusalem and Tel Aviv. "This is a substantial step in recognizing different streams of Judaism in the state of Israel," said Rabbi Kinneret Shiryon, who leads the 240-family congregation.

2008: The Jerusalem Center for Ethics hosts a conference on The Limits of the Autonomy of a Patient at Mishkenot Sha'ananim in Jerusalem.

2009: Leora Tanenbaum, author of “Taking Back God: American Women Rising Up for Religious Equality,” takes part in an interfaith dialogue at the D.C. Jewish Community Center.

2009: As part of his first U.S. tour in 15 years, famed Canadian Jewish singer-songwriter Leonard Cohen performs in Chicago.

2009: Just in time for today’s Cinco de Mayo celebrations Martin Silver, a New York businessman, is launching Agave 99 the new kosher tequila. Silver, president of Long Island-based Star Industries, says he wants to satisfy the craze for high-end tequila with one that observant Jews can drink. Silver says a half million cases of the 99-proof kosher tequila are being produced at a Mexican plant using methods certified by a rabbi. It will retail for $41.95 a bottle. Although the official product launch - with Mexican songs sung in both Yiddish and Spanish - is set for May 5, it was already on sale at Passover time.

2009: The Annual AIPAC Policy Conference comes to an end in Washington, D.C.

2009: Today, the Transportation Ministry sent a letter to British airline BMI’s chief executive officer in Britain demanding an explanation as to why the only reference to Israel on the map is the Arabic word for Haifa.

2009: During his visit to the United States, President Peres is scheduled to meet with President Obama at the White House.

2010: Nathan J. Brown, a professor of political science and international affairs at George Washington University is scheduled to deliver a lecture entitled The Impact of the Breakup of the Ottoman Empire and Future Middle East Politics at the Historic 6th& I Synagogue co-sponsored by the United Nations Association of the Capitol Area and Am Kolel Jewish Renewal Center.

2010: A documentary entitled “9 Years Later” is scheduled to be shown at the Sheba Festival at the JCC in Manhattan.

2010: The Limmud FSU Nobel 2010 festival this week honored 26 Jewish scientists and political leaders who originated in Israel, the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union and who were awarded the Nobel Prize. The festive event, held tonight at the Rabin Center in Tel Aviv, was attended by Matthew Bronfman, chairman of the Limmud International Steering Committee, Science and Technology Minister Daniel Hershkowitz, Dalia Rabin, Alexander Kriyukov, First Secretary of the Russian Embassy and director of the Russian Cultural Center in Israel, Kadima MK Yulia Shamalov-Berkowitz, Yisrael Beiteinu MK Anastasia Michaeli and others. Professor Hershkowitz drew a parallel in his opening speech between the Vision of the Dry Bones as related in the Book of Ezekiel, the Holocaust, and the subsequent creation of the State of Israel, saying that he viewed the rebirth of the nation as the closing of a historical circle. “The Israel Defense Forces in 1948 were created from nothing but dry bones,” he said, “and the creation of the State was the covering of the bones by muscles and skin as in the prophet's vision. It is that depth of belief that has kept the Jewish people alive through the millennia, and it is that sort of vision that Limmud is inculcating among so many young Russian Jews who were cut off from the roots for so long. The Vision of the Dry Bones is neither abstract nor theory, but is our story,” he added. Limmud, founded 30 years ago in England, developed its FSU program in 2006 to bring the experience of Jewish learning and identity to Russian-speaking Jews throughout the world. Chaim Chesler, former head of the Aliyah Delegation to the FSU and treasurer of the Jewish Agency, founded the Limmud FSU program together with Sandy Cahn of New York, and Michael Chlenov, president of the Federation of Jewish Organizations of Russia.

2010: The Schechter Institute of Jewish Studies dedicated its Legacy Heritage Building in south Tel Aviv’s picturesque Neveh Zedek neighborhood. The Schechter Institute is a non-profit organization of the Conservative Movement dedicated to the advancement of pluralistic Jewish education in Israel.

2011: The Leo Baeck Institute and the recently founded Jewish Studies Center at Baruch College are scheduled to present a panel on German-Jewish immigration to New York City

2011: “Barbara Dobkin, Jewish feminist philanthropist and the Founding Chair of the Jewish Women’s Archive, received an honorary degree of Doctor of Humane Letters at Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion’s Graduation at Congregation Emanu-El of the City of New York”.

2011: American actor Liev Schreiber will be honored with the Achievement in Film Award, at the 25th Israel Film Festival (IFF) which begins tonight in New York City

2011: B’nai B’rith will award its first accolade honoring Jews who risked their lives to save their brethren during World War II today. Alan Schneider, director of B’nai B’rith World Center in Jerusalem, said the newly created Citation of Jewish Rescue was aimed at recognizing the heroism of Jews, often unappreciated in historical research.

2011: Today is the deadline for the world’s first green-certified synagogue, Congregation Beth David in San Luis Obispo, Calif., to raise $1.3 million if it is to avoid foreclosure by the bank to which it owes the money.

2011: Seth Front is scheduled to present “A Culinary History of the Jews in America” a “45-minute interactive presentation that tells the history of the Jewish deli in America, from its origins on the Lower East Side to the turn of the 20th century, its adaptation to American tastes, its assimilation into mainstream American culture and finally to the challenges facing delis for survival in the 21st century’” at the Mayerson JCC in Cincinnati, Ohio.

2011; Editor and author Benjamin Taylor is scheduled to offer a first-hand perspective on "Saul Bellows: Letters" (Viking, 2010), a never-before published collection of letters by the Nobel Prize in Literature winner, that spans eight decades and has been called "magnificent" by the New York Times at the National Museum of American Jewish History in Philadelphia, PA.

2011: As part of the Jewish Perspectives on Social Justice Seminar Dr. Claire Katz is scheduled to facilitate a program entitled "...for they know precisely what they do...": Memory, Forgiveness and the Stranger” at the University of Denver in Denver, CO.

2011(1st of Iyar, 5771): Rosh Chodesh Nisan

2011: The Nazi war crimes trial of a 97-year-old man began in Hungary today. Sandor Kepiro, listed by the Simon Wiesenthal Center as the world's most wanted Nazi, was charged with taking part in raids on the Serbian town of Novi Sad in 1942, in which 1,200 Jews, Serbs and Roma were killed. Kepiro is also suspected of involvement in the deaths of 36 others who were rounded up and shot on the Danube River's banks. Kepiro said he is "completely innocent" and called the trial a "circus" as her arrived at court, BBC reported. The Simon Wiesenthal Center tracked Kepiro down in Budapest in 2006. He had been convicted of Nazi war crimes in Hungary in 1944, but fled to Argentina. The Wiesenthal Center's chief Nazi hunter, Efraim Zuroff, attended the trial.

2011:All flights leaving Ben Gurion Airport were stopped today, due to a problem with the airport's gas supply. The gas was found to be contaminated. The airports authority said: "We have instructed the manager of Ben Gurion airport to stop filling gas in the airport's planes." Some incoming flights from foreign airlines stopped in airports in Cyrus and Greece.

2011(1st of Iyar 5771): Arthur Laurents, the director, playwright and screenwriter who wrote such enduring stage musicals as “West Side Story” and “Gypsy,” as well as the movie classics “Rope” and “The Way We Were,” died today from complications of pneumonia at the age of 93. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/06/arts/arthur-laurents-playwright-and-director-dies-at-93.html?pagewanted=print

2012: Israeli author Etgar Keret is scheduled to appear at the PEN World Voices Festival of International Literature

2012: Temple Judah continues a weekend long celebration of its 90th Anniversary with a congregation-wide gala dinner-dance.

2012: “In Movies, specifically Hollywood movies, are the greatest machinery of propaganda the world has ever known” published today Emmy award winning Yeshiva graduate Robert J. Avrech provided his view of the role of cinema in American society.

http://www.breitbart.com/big-hollywood/2012/05/05/ingrid-bergman-breaks-image/

2013: The curtain came down on “Big Fish,” Andrew Lippa’s “newest musical” which had premiered in April at the Oriental Theatre in Chicago the month before.

2013:YIVO Institute for Jewish Research and Leo Baeck Institute is scheduled to present the Sidney Krum Young Artists Concert Series: Spring Concert 2013

2013: Hadassah sponsors “Walks To Defeat Neuromuscular Diseases” in Wheaton, Maryland.

2013: The Jewish Historical Society of Greater Washington is scheduled to host a Walking Tour of Arlington National Cemetery that will include a visit to the new Jewish Chaplains Memorial.

2013: The New York Times features reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Vera Gran: The Accused by Agata Tusznska and Beyond War: Reimagining American Influence in a New Middle Eastby David Rohde.

2013: Israel decided this afternoon to close its airspace in the North to civilian air traffic following alleged Israeli air strikes on Syria in the past 48 hours.

http://www.jpost.com/Defense/Israel-closes-northern-civilian-airspace-amid-Syria-tension-312135

2013: Syria has stationed missile batteries aimed at Israel in the aftermath of alleged Israeli air strikes in the country, the website of Lebanon's Al Mayadeen TV, considered close to the regime of President Bashar Assad, quoted a top Syrian official as saying today

http://www.jpost.com/Defense/Report-Syria-stations-missile-batteries-aimed-at-Israel-312119

2013: Israel is working on joining an anti-Iran defense alliance with a number of moderate Arab states that would involve sharing Jerusalem’s newly developed anti-missile technologies, a British newspaper reported today.

http://www.timesofisrael.com/israel-reportedly-may-join-defense-pact-with-saudi-arabia-uae/?utm_source=The+Times+of+Israel+Daily+Edition&utm_campaign=f275d8cc80-2013_05_05&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_adb46cec92-f275d8cc80-53921877

2014(5th of Iyar) Yom HaZikaron (Israeli Memorial Day)

2014: Forty-eight year old Jeremy Nemerov, the son of “former poet laureate Howard Nemerov” and brother of David and Alexander Nemerov, died today at St. Luke’s Hospital in Kansas City, MO.

2014 “The Ceremony” and “No Place on Earth” are scheduled to be shown at the 16th annual Lenore Marwil Jewish Film Festival

2014: “The Garden of Eden / Gan Eden” is scheduled to be shown at the 22nd Toronto Jewish Film Festival.

2014: The Jewish Woman’s Archives is scheduled to celebrate its 18th anniversary by honoring Gail Twersky Reimer and other Jewish Troublemakers.

2014: In Rotterdam, “an exhibit called ‘The Second World War in 100 Objects’ which marbles that Anne Frank had given to her friend Toosje Kupers in 1942, is scheduled to come to a close at the Kunsthal Art Gallery.

2014: The 2014 Open Jewish Houses initiative in the Netherlands is scheduled to come to an end today.

http://www.timesofisrael.com/dutch-cities-join-holocaust-memorial-project/

2014: Outfielder and future major leaguer Kevin Pillar “was named International Player of the Week” today.

2014: “Millions of Israelis stood still in solemn silence this morning as sirens wailed throughout the country for two full minutes to mark Memorial Day and to commemorate the 23,169 fallen soldiers and 2,495 terror victims who have fallen throughout the history of the State of Israel and the Zionist movement. (As reported by Adiv Sterman)

http://www.timesofisrael.com/sirens-wail-israelis-stands-silent-for-25664-fallen/

http://www.timesofisrael.com/bereaved-families-heckle-netanyahu-at-memorial-event/

2014; “Hadas Ragolsky, an executive producer at Channel 2 news, spends Memorial Day (Yom Hazikaron) where many of her fellow Israelis do: at the cemetery.

http://www.timesofisrael.com/in-a-nation-of-losses-which-stories-make-the-tv-cut/

2014: A U.S. Congressional delegation that includes US Reps. Emanuel Cleaver of Missouri, Sam Farr and Barbara Lee of California and Gregory Meeks of New York met with Cuban Foreign Minister Bruno Rodriguez after having met with Alan Gross a Jewish- American government subcontractor who is serving a 15-year prison sentence in Cuba.

2014: “Israel crossed over from mourning to celebration tonight, as Memorial Day came to a close at sundown and Israel’s 66th Independence Day began.

2015: Dr. Lee R. Mandel is scheduled to present “The Munich Olympics Massacre and the Israeli Wrath of God Campaign” at the Jewish Community Center of Northern Virginia.

2015: A memorial service for David Goldberg, the founder of Survey Monkey and husband of Sheryl Sandberg, “was held at Stanford Memorial Auditorium on the campus of Stanford University.

2015: The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to host a panel of historians including the daughter of James G. McDonald are scheduled to discuss the materials found in To the Gates of Jerusalem: The Diaries and Papers of James G. McDonald, “a member of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry, charged with finding solutions to both the problems of Jewish refugees at the end of World War II and to the resolution of British Mandate Palestine.”

2015: The exhibition “Three Years, Eight Months, and Twenty Days: The Cambodian Atrocities and the Search for Justice” co-sponsored by The Illinois Holocaust Museum and Education Center is scheduled to open today.

2015: “The body of Or Asraf, the Israeli backpacker killed in the earthquake in Nepal last month, landed in Israel today after being discovered in the Langtang district of the Himalayas.

2015: Today “the James Beard Foundation awarded Israeli-born chef Alon Shaya with America’s top food prize, naming him Best Chef in the southern region for 2015, following three consecutive years he had been nominated as a finalist in the category but ultimately failed to win the prestigious award.”

2015: The Jewish Children’s Regional Service is scheduled to take part in today’s Greater New Orleans Foundation’s 2015 GiveNOLA Day

2015: Professor Kimmika Williams-Witherspoon is scheduled to present “It’s a Family Affari – Yours, Mine, Ours!” at the National Museum of American Jewish History.

2015: “Baghdad Twist,” a documentary about the disappearance of the Iraq Jewish Community, is scheduled to be shown at the Library of Congress as part of Jewish American Heritage Month.

2016(27thof Nisan, 5776): Yom HaZikaron laShoah ve-laG'vurah; "Holocaust and Heroism Remembrance Day"), known colloquially in Israel and abroad as Yom HaShoah and in English as Holocaust Remembrance Day, or Holocaust Day.

2016: The Oregon Jewish Museum and Center for Holocaust Education and the Intergroup Outreach Committee of the Jewish Federation of Greater Portland are scheduled to sponsor s special program at Pioneer Courthouse Square in downtown Portland where leaders from throughout the region will read from a list of names provided by Yad Vashem of Israel’s Holocaust Research Center

2016: The Illinois Holocaust Museum and Education Center is scheduled to host a Yom HaShoah commemoration program that “will include a candle lighting by Survivors and their descendants, Kaddish, and El Malei Rachamim chanted by cantorial soloist Adam Davis of Congregation Sukkat Shalom.”

2016: The Leo Baeck Institute is scheduled to host a conversation between Marion Kaplan and Peter Schrag about the latter’s last work, When Europe Was a Prison Camp – Father and Son Memoirs, 1940-1941.

2017: In a cross cultural experience, the 92nd Street is scheduled to host a Cico de Mayo celebration.

2017: The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled to host a Shabbat dinner follow Kabbalat Shabbat.

2018: The publication of The East End in Color 1960 by David Granick is scheduled to coincide with the end of “an exhibition of previously unseen photographs by David Granick which depict Stepney, Mile End, Whitechapel, Spitalfields, Limehouse and the Thames riverside in the warm hues of Kodachrome film.”

http://jewishnews.timesofisrael.com/the-east-end-life-we-left-behind/

2018(20thof Iyar, 5778): Parashat Emor

2018(20thof Iyar, 5778): Fifty-three year old “Rabbi Aaron Panken, the President of Hebrew Union College was killed while piloting a small aircraft in the Hudson area of New York state.”

https://www.jta.org/2018/05/05/united-states/aaron-panken-huc-president-killed-plane-crash?utm_source=JTA%20Maropost&utm_campaign=JTA&utm_medium=email&mpweb=1161-4177-39206

2018: Shlomo Bar and HaBreira HaTivit are scheduled to perform at the Noctorno Café in Jerusalem this evening.

2018: “Promise at Dawn” and “Simon and Theodore” are scheduled to be shown at the 26th Toronto Jewish Film Festival this evening.

2018: “Itzhak” a biopic about the world famous violinist is scheduled to open at the Avon Cinema in Stamford, CT.

2018: The Oxford University Jewish Society is scheduled Shacrit followed by Lunch and Seudah.

2019: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Flight Portfolio, a “novel based “the real-life journalist Varian Fry, who helped thousands of Jews escaped from the Nazis” by Julie Orringer, Firefighting: The Financial Crisis and Its Lessons co-authored by Ben S. Bernanke, Everything In Its Place: First Loves and Last Talesby Oliver Sacks, The Unwanted: America, Auschwitz and a Village Caught in Between by Michael Dobbs, The Lost Gutenberg: The Astounding Story of One Book’s Five-Hundred-Year Odyssey by Margaret Leslie Davis and the recently released paperback edition of In the Enemy’s House: The Secret Saga of the FBI Agent and the Code Breaker Who Caught the Russian Spies by Howard Blum

2019: In Atlanta, the 54th Annual Community-Wide Holocaust Commemoration event is scheduled to take place at the Green Wood Cemetery

2019: In New Orleans, the Jewish Community Center is scheduled to host its Yom Ha’Shoah Event

2019: In a wave of violence that actually began with a rocket launched from Gaza on Yom Ha’Shoah, Israelis are awakening to the aftermath of 200 rockets fired yesterday and threats from Hamas that more violence is on the way if the IAF strikes back at those launching these airborne terror attacks.

2019(30thof Nisan, 5779): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

2020: “Led by celebrated teaching poets and contributors to the 92nd Street Y's #ANewColossus poetry festival” this virtual poetry workshop” scheduled to be presented by the American Jewish Historical Society “will delve into the construction and techniques used in writing “The New Colossus,” and place Emma Lazarus' poem side by side with work by contemporary poets that is “descended” from, or inspired by, the original poem.

2020: In Cedar Rapids, the Coe College from your Couch programs is scheduled to host a webinar led by B.D. Silliman Professor of Physics Steve Feller, where attendees hear stories and see photos showcasing student trips that Feller was a part of over the past few decades” and along the way hear him describe some of their discoveries in glass science and talk about the labs that they've been privileged to work at.

2020: An untold number of organizations including those supporting Jewish American Heritage Month are scheduled to make their pitches for donations today, #GivingTuesdayNow, a Global Day of Giving

2020: The Vilna Shul, Boston’s Center for Jewish Culture is scheduled to host a virtual presentation on “Life Stories From the Pen of a 17th Century Jewish Working Mother” which examines the life of 17th century businesswoman and widow Glikl bas Judah Leib.

2020: The Streicker Center is scheduled to host on line author Laura Zigman as she discusses her new novel, Separation Anxiety.

2020: It was reported today that “Defense Minister Naftali Bennett said yesterday he was presented with a significant breakthrough in finding a cure for coronavirus during a visit to the Israeli Institute for Biological Research in Ness Ziona.” (As reported by Yoav Zitun)


This Day,May 6, In Jewish History by Mitchell A and Deb Levin Z"L

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May 6



1313 BCE (1 Iyar 2448): According to tradition, this was the date of the first population survey of the Israelite people taken by Moses.

124 CE: A Roman centurion named Valens stationed in the military camp which bordered the date palm groves in En Gedi by the Dead Sea made an emergency short-term loan to a Jew named Judah at an interest rate of twelve per cent per annum.

973: “Henry II, Duke of Bavaria and his wife Gisela of Burgundy gave birth to Henry II, the Holy Roman Emperor whose expulsion of the Jews from Mayence was lamented in dirges composed by the poet Simon ben Isaac and of which Gershom ben Yehuda said, “Thou hast made those who despise They Law to have dominion over Thy people…”

 1255: The Vatican orders all copies of the Talmud to be destroyed by fire. Despite this edict, King Jaime (King James of Aragon) ordered that the Spanish Jews should remain unmolested. Unfortunately, the political pressure over successive years would prove to be too great, and on August 29, 1263 he announced Jews had three weeks to remove all blasphemy from their books.

1501: Birthdate of Pope Marcellus II who expelled the Jews from Rome.

1527: The Spanish-German army of Charles IV entered Rome marking the start of a three week long period of pillage and butchery.  Among the victims was the library of Elijah ben Asher Levita the volumes of which were used as fuels by the invaders.

1556: Seventy-eight year old “German Protestant theologian” and Hebraist Konrad Pellikan who translated a “vast amount” of rabbinical and Talmudic texts including “Ben Asher’s commentary on the Torah” passed away today,

1574: Birthdate Pope Innocent X, whom Graetz described as the first of the reactionary popes.  Among other things he opposed the Peace of Westphalia which recognized the independence of the Netherlands, the nation which provided a haven for Jews fleeing the Inquisition.

1649: The Massachusetts General Court ruled today that Solomon Franco was to be expelled from the colony, and granted him "six shillings per week out of the Treasury for ten weeks, for sustenance, till he can get his passage to Holland.  Franco, a Sephard, is “the second Jew known to have lived in North America. He settle in Boston where he was an “agent for Immanuel Perada, a Dutch merchant.” After Franco had delivered supplies from Perada “to Edward Gibbons, a major general in the Massachusetts militia” a dispute arose over who should pay the Jew for the merchandize – Gibbons or Parada. The solution of the court was to expel Franco.

 1691: In Palma, Majorca, after one hundred and fifty years of freedom from the Inquisition, an investigation led to the conviction of two hundred and nineteen people. All agreed to be reconciled with the church. Thirty-seven were burned to death when they tried to flee the island since it was considered a relapse to heresy.

1747(5507): Rabbi Moshe Chaim Luzzato (RAMCHA"L), Kabbalist, poet, and author of Mesilat Yesharim passed away. Born in Padua, Italy, in 1707, R. Moshe Chaim had a thorough education in both religious and secular studies.  His interest in the Kabbalah and his influence on the youth of the community led to accusations that he was a Sabbatean.  In its day, this was as harsh an accusation as you could make against a person.  Luzzato left Italy and settled in Amsterdam. At the age of 33 he published Mesillat Yesharim(The Path of the Upright), a book about ethics that describes how Jews can climb the ladder of purification to reach a level of holiness.  In 1743, he moved to Eretz Israel where he died during a plague in 1746.  He is buried at Tiberias.  Throughout his life, Luzzato struggled between his desire to study the Talmud and his need to the Kabbalah.  He is considered one of the fathers of Modern Hebrew literature, with his greatest impact being in Hebrew poetry.  His teachings earned the admiration leaders from a variety of Jewish groups ranging the Vilna Gaon of Vilna to the Maggid of Mezeritch. 

1754(14thof Iyar, 5514): Pesach Sheni as a British forces under George Washington are on their way to fight a group of Canadiens in what will become the opening battle of the French and Indian War.

 1758: In Nice, which at that time was part of the Kingdom of Sardinia “shopkeeper Jules Masséna (Giulio Massena) and Marguerite Fabre” gave birth to André Masséna who according to Andrew J. Schoenfeld, MD was “a scion of the Italian Jewish community,” “an early volunteer in the French Revolutionary Army,” “the general of the 32nd division personally responsible liberating the Jewish communities of Northern Italy” and after the Battle of Mantua, “the commander of the Roman territories and Commander-in-Chief of the Italian Army.”

1758:  Birthdate of future French Revolutionary Maximilien Robespierre.  During the Reign of Terror in 1793 and 1794, Robespierre did close synagogues and allow Jewish religious property to be vandalized.  However, this was not because he was an anti-Semite.  Robespierre sought to stamp out all religions and the churches were subjected to the same treatment as the shuls.  In the early days of the revolution Robespierre spoke eloquently on behalf of equal rights for the Jews.  If Jews behaved “badly” it was the fault of Christianity and the Christians who had treated them in a based manner for centuries.  The salvation of the Jews (as opposed to Judaism) lay in granting them the full rights of citizenship.

1786: At Frankfurt am Main, Jakob Baruch and his wife gave birth to German author and “rebel” Karl Ludwig Börne who would be immortalized by a group of German revolutionaries who named their new home in the Texas Hill Country “Borne” in his honor

1787: At Prostějov, Moravia, Rabbi Moses Sofer married Sarah, the daughter of the deceased rabbi of Prostějov, Rabbi Moses Jerwitz who had passed away in 1785. Sofer joined the Chevra Kadisha and served as head of the town’s yeshiva. 

1789: Levi Sheftall, leader of the Hebrew Congregation of Savannah, Georgia wrote to the newly elected President of the United States, George Washington expressing the fact that the members of the congregation were grateful for his “unexampled liberality and extensive philanthropy which have expelled that cloud of bigotry and superstition what has long, as a veil shaded religion.”  Furthermore the nation’s new constitution “enfranchised American Jewry with all the privileges and immunities of free citizens and initiated us into the grand mass of legislative mechanism.”  While many know of the famous letter to the Jews of Newport, the Savannah congregation was actually the first to write to Washington following his election to the Presidency.

1792(14thof Iyar, 5552): Pesach Sheni is observed on the same day that President George Washington wrote to Thomas Paine thanking the author for sending him fifty copies of the “Rights of Man.”

1803: In Darmstadt, Schiele and David Kahn Germany gave birth to Bina Kahn who became Bina Oppenheimer after marrying Lob Oppenheimer.

1804: In The Hague, Branca Brendel Bernisse married Hirschel Kann.

1806(18thof Iyar, 5566): Lag B’Omer

1806: Angel Jones married Nancy Michel today at the Great Synagogue

1811: In Poland, Pinkus Landau, the Silesian born son of Wolf and Estera Landau, and his wife Rozla Landau gave birth to Icek Landau.

1818: In Posen, Talmudic scholar Aaron Jacob Kaempf and his was wife gave birth to Saul Isaac Kaempf the philologist who served as the rabbi at the Temple Congregation in Prague from 1846 to 1890.

1818: Mordecai Manuel Noah sent a copy of the Consecration Address he had delivered at Shearith Israel and a letter in which he described the impact of his having been removed from a diplomatic post because of his religion. http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/loc/noah.html

1824: One day after he had passed away, 62 year old Moses Polack was today buried at the “Brady Street Jewish Cemetery.”

1825(18th of Iyar, 5585): Lag B'Omer

1830: Birthdate of Abraham Jacobi “a pioneer of pediatrics” who opened “the first children's clinic in the United States and was the first foreign born president of the American Medical Association.

1831: Birthdate of Samuel Isaac Joseph Schereschewsky the Lithuanian born Jew who would eventually become the Anglican Bishop of Shanghai.

1835(7thof Iyar, 5595): Italian born Rabbi, Moses Shabbethai Beer, a native of Pesaro passed away in Rome.

1835: James Gordon Bennett, Sr. published the first edition of the New York Herald which became the New York Herald Tribune in 1924. Ruth Gruber who dedicated herself to saving Jews from the Holocaust began her journalism career as a reporter with the Herald-Tribune in 1932. Two days before the attack on Pearl Harbor, the Herald Tribune warned of the dangers of the Nazis, stating “the Jews are merely the first to suffer under Hitlerism.”

1838(11thof Iyar, 5598): Rabbi Samuel Judah Leib ben David Kauder, author of Olat Shmuel passed away today in Prague.

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/kauders.html

1841: Birthdate of Enoch Heinrich Kisch, the native of Prague who became and M.D. in 1862 and an assistant professor at the Prague University in 1884.

1842(26thof Iyar, 5602): Isaac Spitz who was the son-in-law of Eleazar Fleckeles and grandfather of the poet Moritz Hartmann and had been the rabbi at Jung-Bunzlau since 1824 passed away today.

1848: Birthdate of German Protestant theologian Herman L. Strack  who “was the foremost Christian authority in Germany on Talmudic and rabbinic literature who was a leading champion of the Jews when the modern anti-Semitism began in Germany during the second half of the 19th century.

1852: After a personal plea from Pope Pius IX, Grand Duke of Tuscany Leopold II abolishes his own statute of 1848 eliminating all discrimination against the Jews. At the beginning of his papacy, Pius had shown a positive disposition towards the Jews.  He abolished laws that forbade Jews to practice certain professions and that required Jews to listen to sermons of conversion four times a year. All of that changed following the Revolutions of 1848 when he became frightened by the rising tide of democracy, nationalism and secularism.

1853: In an article published today, The New York Times correspondent in London, wonders if the members of the House of Lords will be affected by the recent passage of the bill removing Jewish disabilities that was passed by the House of Commons. The correspondent thinks that when the bill comes before the Lords for “the dozenth time,” they will not be “converted” to “popular view as to the propriety of admitting Jews to the Legislature.”

1855(18thof Iyar, 5615): Lag B’Omer

1856(1stof Iyar, 5616): Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1856: Birthdate of Dr. Sigmund Freud, father of psycho-analysis. Born Sigismund Schlomo Freud in Freiberg, in what is now part of the Czech Republic. He abbreviated his name from Sigismund Schlomo Freud to Sigmund Freud in1877.  Little is known about Freud's early life since he reportedly twice destroyed his personal papers.  This brief summary is no place to discuss his treatment of the mentally or the development of psychoanalysis.  In 1938 following the Anschluss of Austria, Freud escaped with his family to England where he died a year later. Freud was a smoker of Churchill-style cigars for most of his life; even after having his cancerous jaw removed, he continued to smoke until his death. It is said that he would smoke an entire box of cigars daily.

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/sigmund-freud

1858:According to published reports, the property of the late Rachel Felix, the Jewish actress and mistress of Alexandre Joseph Count Colonna-Walewski, the French Minister of Foreign Affairs, has been put up for public sale.  The Count and Mademoiselle had a son whom the count publicly legitimatized which means that there is “Jewish blood” in the House of Bonaparte. 

1860(14thof Iyar, 5620): Pesach Sheni

1860: Society for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Jews, an organization dedicated to converting Jews held its annual meeting at a Dutch Reform Church in New York City during which the group reported that it had visited 1,382 (presumably Jewish) families.

1860: The New York Times reported today that a “a brisk argument has sprung up over the questions of whether Pious IX is or is not the descendant of a Jew.” The pope is a member of the Mastia family which got its title of nobility from a lady of “high rank” named Ferretti who had married a “baptized Jew named Mastai.  Supposedly “the Marquis Consolina published a genealogical pamphlet proving this” twenty four years ago.  The pamphlet was burned but the claims have never been refuted.

1861: Colonel Ripley, the U.S. Army Chief of Ordinance, forwarded Major Mordecai's letter of resignation to Adjutant General.

 1861:Dr.David Camden De Leon known as the "Fighting Doctor," was appointed as first surgeon general of the Confederate Army.  Born in South Carolina in 1822, De Leon received his medical training at the University of Pennsylvania.  Following graduation, he joined the United States Army where he served with distinction during the Mexican War.  In 1861, he resigned his commission and joined the Confederates.  After the war, he moved to Santa Fe, New Mexico where he practiced medicine until his death in 1872. His Union counterpart was Dr. Jonathan Horowitz. 

1863: The Battle of Chancellorsville comes to an end.  During the battle, Lt. Col. Edward Solomon led the forces of the 82nd Illinois which contained an all Jewish company from Chicago.  Solomon would become one of the highest ranking Jewish officers to serve with Union Army, ultimately rising to the rank of General. Sergeant Henry Hiller fought with such distinction during the battle that earned the Congressional Medal of Honr.  Jacob Ezekiel Hyneman and Captain Joseph B. Greenhut, who almost lost his arm as a result of wounds sustained at Fort Donelson, were among the Jewish soldiers who fought with distinction on that Virginia battlefield where the bravery of the Union troops was not matched by the brains of the Union generals.

1863: At the Battle of Chancellorsville, the 59thNew York Volunteer Regiment which had recruited by Philip J. Joachimsen who served as a Lt. Colonel, supported General Sedgwick’s line at Mayre’s Hieghts.

1863: Bernhard Henry Gotthelf, the rabbi of Adath Israel Congregation of Louisville, received his appointment as a chaplain.

1864: During the Battle of the Wilderness, Sergeant-Major Abraham Cohn rallied and formed, under heavy fire, disorganized and fleeing troops of different regiments” thus enabling the Union Army to continue its advance.  This was one of the two heroic deeds which would win him the Congressional Medal of Honor.

1864: Leopold Karpeles Karpeles, a flag-bearer serving in the U.S. Army rallied retreating Union troops, inducing them to check the enemy's advance while under heavy during the Battle of the Wilderness. Born in Prague in 1838, Karpeles moved to Texas. When war broke out and Texas seceded, the young Jewish immigrant did not identify with the slave-holding Southerners and he joined the Union Army.  He received a Congressional Medal of Honor for his bravery during the Battle of the Wilderness, which was the first battle in an eleven month campaign which would result in the demise of the Confederacy.

1870: It was reported today that the rumors about the possibility of Pope Pius IX being of Jewish descent have resurfaced. According to the report “many early Christians were themselves Jews and we should hardly supposed that His Holiness would be particularly annoyed if it were proved that he was of the same race as the Founder of Christianity.” A pamphlet published 24 years ago by the Marquis Consolini claims that Matasi family of which the Pope is a member gained its rank through marriage to a baptized Jew of that name.  The pamphlet was burned but it was never refuted.

1871: German born conductor Leopold Damrosch began his career in the United States with an appearance at Steinway Hall where he was both a featured violinist and orchestra conductor.

1874: Birthdate of Chaim Fishel Epstein, the native of Lithuania who served as Chief Rabbi, St. Louis, Missouri for the Vaad Hoeir of the United Orthodox Community for 12 years, from 1930 to 1942.

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0006_0_06019.html

1874: Philadelphia native Myer Asch, a Colonel of United States Volunteers during the Civil War, became a member of the Loyal Legion of the United States today.

1875: In a ceremony that some would say was as much a merger as it was a marriage, Jacob Schiff married There Loeb, daughter of Solomon Loeb.  Ten years later, in 1885, Schiff became head of Kuhn, Loeb & Company.

1878: In Hohokus Township, NJ. Anglo-Jewish author Benjamin Farejon and his wife Margaret gave birth to British composer Harry Farjeon

1878: Birthdate of Henry G. Schackno, the native of the Bronx who became a successful lawyer and served as a New York state senator and judge.

1878: “The Jews of Roumania” published today described the plight of the Jews of that country based on information provided by the correspondent for the Pall Mall Gazette. Juries in Roumania “have acquitted the rioters who wrecked Jewish houses, who beats Jews and insulted their wives and daughters.  They have found a Rabbi and other innocent men guilty of stealing a pyx.” (Note – A pyx is a vessel that contains the Eucharist.  In other words, this has to do with charges related to Host Desecration.)  ‘ “The pyx was really stolen by” a man named “Silver, a converted Jew” who was a deserter from the Russian Army.  Silber provided three different versions of the theft.  First he claimed the Jewish tailor he worked for was his accomplice.  Then he claimed the “President of the Jewish Congregation” was his accomplice.  Finally, he exonerated the Jews and claimed that he had done it on his own.  The acquittal of the rioters is sure to provide encouragement to those who would repeat this behavior at the upcoming Passover and Easter seasons, which “have always been dangerous for the Jews in the uncivilized parts of Christendom.”

1884: Seventy year old Marie-Alphonse Ratisbonne, a Jew who became a Jesuit missionary and worked to convert to Jews passed away in Jerusalem.

http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12659a.htm

1884(11thof Iyar, 5644): Seventy-two year old Judah P. Benjamin passed away today.

https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/Benjamin.html

 1886: Sir Marcus Samuel, the Deputy Lord Mayor of the City of London and Justice of the Peace for Kent and his wife Fanny Elizabeth Samuel, the oldest daughter of Benjamin gave birth to their the third child and second son “Gerald George Samuel” who attended Eton.

1888: In Brooklyn, Josephine (née Müller) and Henry H. Celler gave birth to Representative Emmanuel "Manny" Celler.  In an era when Jews are elected to both houses of Congress from both parties from all over the country, it is hard to remember that there was a time when Jewish Congressmen were a rare breed and a U.S. Senator could refer to one as "a Kike" on the floor of the Senate.  Born in Brooklyn, Celler was an orphan by the time he finished high school and began attending Columbia.  He worked his way through school and graduated from Columbia Law with honors in 1912. A large part of his early legal career was spent dealing with immigration issues, a topic which would become a life-long passion.  He was elected to the House of Representatives where he served for 49 years and ten months, the second longest record of service in history.  Cellar became Chairman of the House Judiciary Committee where he championed equitable immigration laws and the cause of Civil Rights.  He passed away in 1981.

http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=c000264

1889(5thof Iyar, 5649): Seventy-four year Chaim Zebi Lerner, the native of Dubno whose “reputation among Hebrew grammarians was founded on his More ha-Lashon” first published in 1859 passed away today.

1890: Birthdate of Fritz Anselm Arnheim who was transported from Terezin to Auschwitz where he was murdered.

1890: It was reported today that the Marquis de Mores, the rabid anti-Semite who blamed his business failures on a Jewish Plot, was one of the few colorful figures to surface in the current round of French elections.

1890(16th of Iyar, 5650): Sixty-nine year old Isidor Binswanger passed away.  A native of Bavaria, he moved to the United States where he enjoyed commercial success in the dry goods business.  He lived in several towns and cities in Pennsylvania, Maryland and Virginia, including Richmond.  But he is most frequently identified with Philadelphia, where he played a leading role in developing Jewish educational, charitable and cultural institutions.

1892: In Goldsboro, NC, Rabbi Julius Lewis Mayerberg and Rachel Mayerberg gave birth to Rabbi Samuel S. Mayerberg who battled corruption in Kansas City, MO, and led Temple B’nai Jehudah “for 32 years.

1894: For the fiscal year ending today, the Home for Aged and Infirm Hebrews had “a clear balance on hand of $22, 675.79 which it is using to care for 163 residents who have an average age of 72.

1894: The Young Men’s Hebrew Association will hold its annual election between 2 and 4 pm at 721 Lexington Avenue.

1894: “Jews and Christians” published today provides a review of A Fair Jewessby B. L. Farjeon

1894: “The Obituary Record” published today described the life of the late Leopold Sacher-Masoch who, among other things was the author of several works including Jews and Russians. “He faithfully described the manners of the Polish Jews, but he feared that his affection for them might the impression that he was an Israelite…”

1895: It was reported today that “Russia’s tender regard for those principles on which rests the concert of civilized nations and her agonized fear lest Japan by violating them should imperil the progress of civilization in the East, almost make one forget …her more recent treatment of the Jews.”

1895: Birthdate of Philadelphia native and Wharton graduate Charles Kamsler who served with the military in World War I.

1898(14thof Iyar, 5658): Pesach Sheni

1898(14thof Iyar, 5658): Eighty-year old Swedish businessman and patron of the arts August Abrahamson passed away today.

1898: In Kiev Marie Ettinger and Abraham Horenstein gave birth to conductor Jascha Horenstein who conducted symphony orchestras in Vienna and Berlin before being forced to flee to the United States where he was able to continue his career.

1899: A children’s service is scheduled to be held this afternoon at the Hebrew Institute in memory of the late Baroness Hirsch.

1899: “Oliver Cromwell” is “the subject of” this morning’s sermon by Dr. M.H. Harris this morning at Temple Israel in Harlem.

1899: It was reported today that Dr. Felix Adler will be delivering a talk entitled “More Light” at the Music Hall tomorrow.

1899: It was reported that Rabbi Samuel Schulman will be delivering a sermon on “Youth” at the next and final Sunday morning service be held at Temple Beth-El.

1899: “Notes and News” published today described plans by F. Tennyson Neely to publish Justice to the Jews: The Story of What He Has Done for the Worldby Reverend Madison C. Peters which “is said to be the first instance in modern times that a Christian author has treated the subject in such an elaborate and comprehensive way.”

1899: “Church Notes” published today described plans for the Bloomingdale Church on Broadway to host a series of “three lectures on ‘What Christendom Owes to the Jew.’”

1899: “Plans to Better Jewish Conditions in Tenement Districts” published today described the work of the New York Jewish Union which was formed a year ago by “some influential Jewish people…for the permanent improvement of the Jewish population west of Eighth Avenue and between Thirtieth and Fiftieth Stress, and east of the Bower, below Ninth Street.

1900: Birthdate of Russian native and NYU trained cardiologist Harry Halprin, who in 1910 came to the U.S. where graduated from CCNY and Columbia.

1901: “Young Men’s Hebrew Society” published today describe the meeting of The Young Men’s Hebrew Association where the following new Directors were elected: Meyer Auberbach, Lawrence W. Mack, Levi Hirschfield, Percival S. Menken, Isidor Kahn, Dr. Louis Rosenthal and Falk Younker.

1902: Lionel Walter Rothschild, Member of Parliament, and eldest son of Lord Rothschild is reported to suffering from a serious bout of pneumonia.

 1902: “In the shtetl Mikulintsy, Ukraine, then part of Austria-Hungary,” Leib Goldhirsch and his wife gave birth to Herschel Goldhirsch, the ex-con who gained fame as journalist and humor writer Harry Golden, the publisher of The Carolina Israelite and the author of two best sellers, 2¢ Plain and Only in America.1902: Birthdate of writer and director Max Ophüls.  Born Max Oppenheimer, he changed his last name when he went from being a journalist to a life as an actor and director.  He did not want to embarrass his father with his choice of professions.  “Letters From an Unknown Woman”is one of his better known efforts.1903: According to today’s report from the St. Petersburg correspondent of The Times,the chief responsibility for the anit-Semitic outbreak at Kishineff rests with the local newspaper, the Bessarabyetz, although it partly falls on the Novoe Vremya and other newspapers which have so much to promote anti-Semitism among a people which naturally the most tolerant in the world.”1903: “Anti-Semitism In Russia” published today described how “the Russian law imposing all kinds of restrictions on the Jews…makes people regard them as pariahs, almost outlaws, and therefore have some influence in causing such outbreaks.
1904: In Boston, MA,
Sarah (née Klayman), who was born in Russia, and Charles Einstein, a pawnbroker from Austria gave birth to comedian Harry Einstein who was the father to two other comedians – Albert Brooks and Bob Einstein. https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=cCxQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=HVYDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6968,2437293&dq1904: In Wandsworth, London, Marguerite (née Duvivier) and Frederick Mallowan gave birth to archeologist Max Mallowan who worked several sites in Mesopotamia including Ur, reputed to be the Biblical home of Abraham.1904: Birthdate of the multi-talented Moshe Feldenkrais, founder of the Feldenkrais method. He was an Israeli physicist and judo practitioner of Eastern European descent. Among his many published books was “Awareness Through Movement where he presented a view that good health is a matter of positive functioning. Although many don't consider this a radical idea, it is in opposition to the standard medical definition of health that states good health is an absence of illness. Feldenkrais asserted his method of bodywork exploration resulted in better functioning bodies and minds and created healthier people. He was more interested in the goal of holistic functioning rather than merely physical treatmentThe Feldenkrais Method is an educational system intended to give individuals a greater functional awareness of the self. The method uses body movement as the primary vehicle for learning in the human organism. It is perhaps due to this focus on body movements that the Feldenkrais Method is often classified as a complementary and alternative medicine. People interested in the Feldenkrais Method are predominantly individuals who either want to improve their movement repertoire (as dancers, musicians, artists), individuals who want to reduce their pain or limitations in movement, or individuals who want to use the method as a way to improve their well-being and personal development. Advocates claim the Feldenkrais Method is a very successful approach in cases of movement related pain (e.g. pain in backs, knees, hips, shoulders), and learning better functioning in cases of stroke or cerebral palsy. A central tenet of the method is that improving ability to move can improve one's overall well-being; and practitioners of the Method generally refrain from referring to conceptions of illness, diagnosis or therapy.” 1904: Herzl writes to David Wolffsohn. His letter ends with the words: "Don't do anything foolish while I am dead" - "Machet keine Dummheiten, während ich tot bin.""Die Welt" informs the public that Herzl has to take a longer holiday for health reasons.


1905(1st of Iyar, 5665): Parashat Kedoshim; Rosh Chodesh Iyar

1905: Birthdate of New York restaurateur and saloon-keeper to the stars, Bernard “Toots” Shor.

https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/dimaggio-bernard-toots-shor/

1905: “The May New Era” published today reported that in The New Era Magazine for  May, Max writes on “Schiller and the Jews,” H.P Mendes writes on “The Sesquicentennial of the Jews of New York,” Max J. Kohler write about “Lorenzo da Pointe,” Dr. A.S. Isaacs writes about “The Rip van Winkle of the Talmud” and George A. Kohut writes on “Jefferson and the Jews.”

1905: Birthdate of French auto racer Rene Dreyfus.

http://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/19/obituaries/rene-dreyfus-auto-racer-88.html

1906: Birthdate of Romanian-born French film producer Émile Natan, “the brother of Bernard Natan, the head of Pathé-Natan.”

1906: In Paris, Salomea “Selma” Reinherz and Dr. Bernard Bernhard Weil gave birth to mathematician André Abraham Weil.

http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Weil.html

1907: In Pisa, Italy, Umberto and Linda Cassuto Abenaim gave birth to Wanda Abenaim, the wife of Rabbi Riccardo Reuven Pacifici who would be murdered at Auschwitz in December of 1943.

1908: Madeline Phillips Rubenstein gave birth to Janice Rubenstein Sachese, the wife of L.S.U. trained attorney Victor Alphones Saches, the mother attorney and Korean War Veteran Victor Alphonse Sachse III and the sister of Doris Rubenstein Kantrow.

1909: Three days after he had passed away, 97 year old David Woolf Marks, the son of merchant Woolf Marks and Polly Isaacs, the husband of Cecilia Sarah Wolf with whom he had had 12 children and longtime rabbi of the West London Synagogue which was considered to be the first “liberal” or “reform” congregation in the UK was buried today at the “Balls Pond Road Jewish Cemetery.

1910: Birthdate of Jeremy Noah Morris “a British epidemiologist whose comparison of heart-attack rates among double-decker bus drivers and conductors in London in the late 1940s and early ’50s laid the scientific groundwork for the modern aerobics movement.” He was born in Liverpool into a family of Jewish immigrants who had fled pogroms in eastern Poland. His father, Nathan, was a Hebrew scholar. After arriving in England, the family took the last name of the captain of the ship that had brought them to Liverpool. Jeremy was born within weeks of the arrival. The family then moved to Glasgow.Jeremy began to exercise early in childhood. His father would take him on four-mile walks, then reward him with ice cream.”

1910: George V becomes King of the United Kingdom upon the death of his father, Edward VII. English Jews were probably very sad to hear of the death of Edward since he had made numerous Jewish friends when he was Prince of Wales, including Nathaniel Rothschild.  He maintained these friendships once he came to the throne. King George was the reigning monarch when Lord Balfour sent his famous letter known as the Balfour Declaration. King George Street רחוב המלך ג'ורג) is a street in central Jerusalem, Israel was named for King George V.  The naming was done to mark the anniversary of the issuing of the Balfour Declaration.

1911(8th of Iyar, 5761): Parashat Achrei Mot-Kedoshim

1911: Nineteen Esther Friedman, a braidworker whose father was killed three months by a trolley car and whose “mother has been dead for eight months” said she was “tired of trying live” as can be seen from today’s two failed at attempts at suicide – first by trying to be run over by a streetcar and second by swallowing “three tablets of bio chloride of mercury.

1912: The Archbishops of Canterbury and York, Lord Roberts, Lord Cromer and Arthur James Balfour, the Speaker of the House of Commons were among the “prominent statesmen, clergymen and scientists” who signed a protest against an attempt being made in Kiev to turn the death of Andrei Yushchinsky into a case of ritual murder.

1913: Samuel Gompers and Henry Moskowitz were among the delegates attending today’s Convention of International Association of Factory Inspectors in Chicago, Illinois.

1913: Abram Elkus was appointed to serve as a delegate to the convention of the International Association of Factory Inspectors to be held in Chicago, Illinois.

1913: Following his appoint by the governor, New Yorker Alexander Rosenthal attended the convention of the International Association of Factory Inspectors meeting today in Chicago, Illinois.

1914: In Cleveland, OH, “Harry Fleishman Affelder and Rhoda Affelder” gave birth to Lewis Jacob Affelder, the husand of “Ruth Steinbach Affelder.”

1914: Birthdate of Irving J. Shulman, the Russian Jewish immigrant “who founded the Daffy’s clothing store chain and brought discount fashion to Fifth Avenue through quirky marketing and a promise of “clothing bargains for millionaires..” (As reported by Christine Hauser)

1915: In Dorchester, MA, attorney David White and his wife gave birth to Theodore White who attended Harvard where he discovered the language and culture of China.  This led to an exciting stint as the Time-Life correspondent in China during World War II.  White lost his job because Henry Luce, the publisher supported the Nationalist forces and White insisted on reporting the facts i.e. the strength of the Communists and the corruption of the Nationalists.  He also risked his life to photograph the famine that racked China – a horror that nobody wanted to come to grips with. White became a best-selling author with the publication of the Pulitzer Prize winning political science tome, Making of the President.   The book provided a unique, behind the scenes look at the Presidential campaign of 1960.  It was the first in a series of these books that White wrote every four years.  It also established a whole new genre of political writing.  "Teddy" White, as he was known, passed away in May, 1986

1915: At a dinner honoring Robert F. Wagner, the New York state senate minority leader, Abraham Elkus said “that it was a high compliment that such a demonstration should be made so long after Wagner had begun his services in the Senate’ since “usually dinners had to be given soon after the honored one’s election.

1915: H.A. Alexander, Leo Frank’s attorney came to the courthouse in Atlanta today to “obtain the record of the extraordinary motion for a new trial for Frank” indicating “that some of the evidence introduced at the hearing might be used before the prison commission.”

1915: During the Gallipoli Campaign, French, British, Australian and New Zealander troops began their assault at Helles where the Zion Mule Corps had landed the week before.

1916: John Wallace Riddle, who reportedly had been named Ambassador to Russia by President Roosevelt because “of his skillful handling of the presentation of the petition of the Jews of the United States to the Russian Foreign Office in regard to the” pogrom at Kishinev was married today.

1916: In Sheffield, UK, Harry and Gertrude Blake gave birth to Leonard Blake, the husband of Gabrielle Blake.

1916: At the request of local authorities a meeting to mark the one year anniversary of the sinking of the Lusitania whose victims included Edgar Gorer and Charles Frohman was called off today.

1917: Pope Benedict XV met with Nahum Soklov “who had come to Rome to gain support for the plan of a Jewish state in Palestine” for 45 minutes which was an unusually lengthy Papal audience.

1917: “A quarter of a million dollars was raised for Jewish war sufferers” tonight “at the Hippodrome where Josef Rosenblatt, the Russian cantor gave his first concert in New York under the auspices of the Central Committee for the Relief of Jews Suffering the War.”

1917: In St. Louis, a mass meeting attended by 20,000 people honoring the visiting members of France’s War Mission, come to a “dramatic climax when Rabbi Bernstein of St. Joseph declared in his speech: ‘I am thankful that the time has come when I and my brothers as Jews may enter this war, even as an ally of Russia.’”

1917: In New York City, the Jewish Morning Journal received a cable from Viscount James Bryce, the former British Ambassador to the United States” announcing “himself as being strongly in favor of the establishment of a Jewish nation in Palestine.”

1918: It was announced today that Felix Warburg had resigned as a member of the Advisory Board of the United States Junior Naval Reserve, an organization which advertises itself as an organization dedicated to the training of American boys for sea service.

1919: In Roswell, NM, “Solomon Tarlow” and “Audra Gertrude Canatsey Brown” gave birth to Mildred Elizabeth Tarlow who became Mildred Wooldridge when she married Walter Olan Woolridge.

1919: In Chicago, the Temple Judea Woman’s Club is scheduled to meet this afternoon at the Community Center.

1919: The 10th annual exhibition of the Athletic Department of the Chicago Hebrew Institute which showcased the skills of “over 100 boys” who have returned from military service, continued for second day

1920(18thof Iyar, 5680): Lag B’Omer observed for the last time during the Presidency of Woodrow Wilson.

1921: In Palestine, riots that began on May 1 come to an end according to official reports. Outbreaks of Arab riots had taken place in Jaffa, Tel Aviv, and various Jewish settlements. Writer Yosef Chaim Brenner was among the victims in Jaffa. A total of 47 Jews (45 alone in a hostel for new immigrants in Jaffa) and 48 Arabs were killed in the disturbances. The wounded numbered 146 Jews and 73 Arabs. The government appointed a commission of inquiry, headed by Chief Justice of Palestine Sir W. Haycraft to investigate the causes of the riots.

1922(8thof Iyar, 5682): Parashat Achrei Mot-Kedoshim

1922: Rabbi Joseph Stoltz conducted Shabbat morning services to at Isaiah Temple in Chicago.

1923: In New Canaan, CT, clothing store owner Morris Yudain and the former Berta Jaffa gave birth to Sidney Lawrence Yudain, “who created what he called a community newspaper — Roll Call— for what he called “the most important community in the world, probably” — Congress.” (As reported Bruce Weber)

1926: Birthdate of Heinrich Theodor Hirsch, the native of Berlin who escaped to England in 1938 with the Kindertansport where he developed the talent that made him the actor David Hurst.

1926: Birthdate of Martin Terry Fuss, the native of Cleveland, Ohio, who gained fame as “matinee idol” and movie producer Ross Hunter whose film credits included “Pillow Talk,” “Magnificent Obsession” and “Back Street.”

1927: In Los Angeles, first screening of “7th Heaven” a silent film with a screenplay by Irish born Jew Benjamin Glazer and produced by William Fox.

1928: Birthdate of Montreal native Moses “Moe” Laufer “a pioneer of adolescent psychoanalysis and the founder of one of the long-standing institutions for young people in England, the Brent Centre for Young People, in north-west London.”

https://www.theguardian.com/science/2006/nov/15/obituaries.guardianobituaries

1928: The 92nd Street Y.M.H.A. soccer team defeated the Hebrew Americans 4 to 1 in the final game of the third division of the Empire State League at Starlight Park.

1930: Birthdate of Mordechai "Motta" Gur the Jerusalem native who rose to the rank of Lt. General in the IDF and became the 10th Chief of Staff of the IDF

1932: This morning, Dr. Jonah B. Wise, the rabbi at Central Synagogue in Manhattan is scheduled to officiate at the funeral service for sixty-five year old Lee Kamioner, the native of Germany, Colorado silver miner and Denver clothing merchant and Democratic Alderman who at the age of thirty came to New York where he founded the Hub Clothing Company, became a real estate owner and a philanthropist supporting the Convalescent Homer for Hebrew Children.

1934: Under the leadership of executive secretary Dave White “the Maccabi organization in New York city” is scheduled to host a track and field meet today.

1935: Twelve year old Yehudit Ya’avetz, who had left Germany for Palestine 18 months ago wrote a letter to the British Monarch, King George V.

1936(14thof Iyar, 5696): Pesach Sheni

1936: In Frankfort, Germany, “a young Jewish salesman was sentenced to one year of imprisonment for having accosted an ‘Aryan’ woman” even though “the court held that although no intimate relations had occurred, the Jew had ‘insulted’ the German nation by his aggressive attitude in attempting to make the woman’s acquaintance.”

1936: In France, the second of two rounds of elections produced a solid triumph for the Populist Front which meant that Leon Blum would become France’s first “authentically Socialist prime minister” and the first Jewish Prime Minister as well.  This would lead to the fusing of “anti-Semitism with paramilitary fascism” which would see its final fruits in the quick fall of France to the Germans and the rise of Vichy.

1936: Sir Arthur Grenfell Wauchope, the High Commissioner, left for a three day visit to the Sinai which he cut short so that he could return to Jerusalem to deal with the on-going Arab rebellion.

1937(25th of Iyar, 5697): Mrs. Effie Wise Ochs, widow of Adolph S. Ochs, late publisher of The New York Times, died shortly after 9 o'clock this morning at her home, "Hillandale," on North Street, White Plains. Her death followed a heart attack.

1938: The Palestine Postreported that the British Army started a widespread search for Arab terrorists, their arms and ammunition in the so-called "Triangle of the Arab Terror," including Kalkilya, Taibe, Tulkarm, Azzun, Umm el Fahm and Jenin.

1938: Birthdate of Abraham David Sofaer, the native of Bombay, India, the New York University graduate whose distinguished career included serving for six years “a federal judge for the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York.

http://www.fjc.gov/servlet/nGetInfo?jid=2238&cid=999&ctype=na&instate=na

http://abesofaer.com/

1938: The Palestine Postreported that in Jerusalem a bomb was thrown at a Jewish bus near Lifta and there was an exchange of fire at Beit Hakerem.

1938: The Palestine Post reported that A wide prominence was given to the proposed alterations in the original Palestine Partition plan, as suggested and accompanied by extensive explanations by James A. Macdonald, British member of the Parliament.

1938: The Palestine Postreported that Charles Weiss, an anti-Nazi journalist, was badly beaten and injured by Nazis in his New York office.

1939: “Confessions of a Nazi Spy” a movie whose title describes the plot line, directed by Anatole Litvak, produced by Hal Wallis and Jack L. Warner, starring Edward G. Robinson and Francis Ledere with music by Max Steiner, was released in the United States today.

1940: Birthdate of Murray Sidlin, the Baltimore, Maryland native who was the conductor the National Symphony Orchestra from 1973 to 1977.

1940: Birthdate of Harvey Jerome Goldschmid, the Bronx native and Columbia Law School Graduate who was named to the Security and Exchange Commission by George Bush.

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/13/business/harvey-goldschmid-74-ally-of-ordinary-shareholders.html?rref=obituaries&module=Ribbon&version=origin&region=Header&action=click&contentCollection=Obituaries&pgtype=article&_r=0

 1940: Today, Private Charles Abelson of Montreal enlisted in the Canadian Army where he served in the “Dental Corps.

1941: "Armed Iraqi rioters attacked one of the main Jewish hospitals in Baghdad, the Meir Elias Hospital.  The building was looted; the pharmacist shot dead, the hospital accountant gravely wounded and the doctors and administrative staff taken to prison.  After the President of the Jewish community, Chief Rabbi Sasson Khedouri, intervened, the Inspector-General of Police ordered the Jews released and the rioters arrested." (In Ishmael's House by Martin Gilbert)

1942: Lieutenant General Jonathan Wainwright surrendered forces under his command at Corregidor in the Philippines. Among those who surrendered was Second Lieutenant Samuel Abraham Goldblith, the MIT graduate who survived the cruelty of Japanese imprisonment and went on to became a famous food scientist.

1942: In Buenos Aires, “Adolf Dorfman, who was born in Odessa (then Russian Empire) to a well-to-do Jewish family, and became a prominent Argentine professor of economics and the author of Historia de la Industria Argentina, and Fanny Zelicovich Dorfman, who was born in Kishinev of Bessarabian to author and human rights activist Ariel Dorman

http://arieldorfman.com/

1942: Six hundred delegates from 18 countries met today at the New York Biltmore Hotel for the opening session of the Biltmore Conference, one of the pivotal meetings in the history Zionism which would produce the Biltmore Program.

1943(1st of Iyar, 5703): Seventy-eight year old Chaim Zhitlowsk, author, socialist, Jewish nationalist and advocate for Yiddish & Yiddish culture, passed away.

http://www.yiddishkayt.org/zhitlosky/

1943:  Ayn Rand’s novel The Fountainhead was published.

https://jwa.org/thisweek/may/06/1943/ayn-rand

1943: Hajj Amin al-Husseini, grand mufti of Jerusalem, suggested to the Bulgarian foreign minister that Bulgarian-Jewish children should be sent to Poland rather than to Palestine. The Grand Mufti spent much of World War II in Berlin as a guest of the Nazis.

1944: “The Adventures of Mark Twain” a biopic directed by Irving Rapper, produced by Jesse L. Lasky and with music by Max Steiner was released today in the United States.

1945: A death march from Schwarzheide, Germany, to Theresienstadt, Czechoslovakia, that began on April 18 halts at Leitmeritz, Czechoslovakia.

1945: Nazi leader and Hitler's second-in-command, Hermann Göring, surrendered to Carl Andrew Spaatz who was the commander of the operational United States Air Forces in Europe, along with his wife and daughter at the Germany-Austria border

1945: General Hermann Niehoff, the commandant of Breslau, a 'fortress' city surrounded and besieged for months, surrendered to the Soviets

1945: At the newly liberated Dachau Concentration Camp “several hundred Greek, Serbian and Russian prisoners” celebrated Pascha, Orthodox Easter, as free people.

1946: In his speech tonight at a dinner of the Committee on Unity for Palestine of the Zionist Organization of America, Nathan Straus III “expressed confidence that Arab obstacles could be overcome through the continued improvement of education and living standards that Jewish immigration will bring.”

1947: David Ben-Gurion completes a five week round of meeting with dozens of Jewish military commanders which will later be described as a “systematic investigation” of the Yishuv’s ability to withstand the military onslaught it could expect from the surrounding Arab nations if the British decided to leave.

1947: David Ben Gurion meets with Professor Yochana Ratner of the Technion in an attempt to further evaluate the readiness of the Haganah and the Palmach to fight a conventional war against invading Arab armies.

1947: In New York City Betty Warren and George Craven gave birth to philosopher Martha Nussbaum. Martha Nussbaum is the Ernst Freund Distinguished Service Professor of Law and Ethics. She received her B.A. (1969) from NYU and her M.A. (1971) and Ph.D. (1975) from Harvard. She has taught at Harvard, Brown, and Oxford Universities.

1947: Sixteen year old Alexander Rubowitz, a member of Lehi was arrested by members of the British counter-terrorism unit while he was in the process of distributing Lehi flyers in Jerusalem's Rehavia neighborhood. Roy Farran, a member of the British unit, reportedly beat the Jewish youth to death with a rock as he was being driven towards Jericho. Farran was court-martialed but acquitted and always denied killing the boy.

1948: An emergency meeting was convened to deal with reports of a typhoid epidemic in Acre

1948: The 12th Battalion of the Golani Brigade captured the village of Shajara.

1948: Modi Alon left Sde Dov, the airport that was home to the fledgling IAF, for Czechoslovakia where he learned to fly the Avia, a Czech version of the ME-109, the pride of the Luftwaffe. 

1948: The main Palmach assault to secure the town of Safed began. The Arab Liberation Army responded by bringing up artillery pieces (the Jews had none) with which they shelled the ancient Jewish quarter of the town.  The British offered to negotiate a truce that would have allowed the Jewish women and children to leave and effectively paved the way for Arab victory.  The Jews rejected the offer and the fighting would begin again in four days.

1949: “The Rothschild Hospital and the Arzberg school, the only available Jewish center in Vienna were filled to overflowing” today, because of the arrival of two thousand Jews who had “fled from Hungary and Czechoslovakia…”

1952: Abba Khoushy, Mayor of Haifa was greeted at New York’s Idlewild Airport by New York City official Grover Whalen.  Khoushy is beginning a five-week long speaking tour designed to raise $500,000,000 in Bonds for Israel. 

1953: The Jerusalem Postreported that the Treasury introduced a new system of granting eighty per cent export premiums for some industries.

1953: The Jerusalem Postreported that the U.S. President Eisenhower's Administration announced that while $194m. were earmarked for the economic help to the Middle East, the aid depended on the peace in the area. Israel was promised "off the record" to receive a fair share of this allocation.

1953: The Jerusalem Postreported that the North African Immigrants' Association accused the Jewish Agency of preventing over one million and a half of North African Jews from reaching Israel.

1953: The Jerusalem Postreported that Israel and Argentina had raised their missions to the rank of Embassies and exchanged Ambassadors.

1953: At today’s meeting HUAC, Lionel Stander "pretended that he was going to cooperate, but mocked the witch hunters instead."

1954: Birthdate of Russian volleyball player and Olympic medalist Natalia Kushnir

1954: “Executive Suite” a must see movie for anybody who wants to understand some of the driving forces behind Corporate America in the middle of the 20th century or who wants a deeper understanding of how to lead, and not lead, people” with a brilliant script by Ernest Lehman and featuring Shelly Winters as “Eva Bardeman” was released today in the United States by MGM.

1955: President Eisenhower attends the dedication of the Washington Hebrew Congregation.  (Ike was late for the ceremony.)

1956(25th of Iyar, 5716): Fifty-nine year old New York native and NYU Law School Nathan S. Sachs, the president of the retail furniture chain Sachs Quality Stores and Jewish philanthropist who was active in the Jewish Conciliation Board of America and the Federation of Jewish Philanthropies passed away today.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1956/05/07/86573968.pdf

1955: “The Prodigal” written by Maurice Zimm, featuring Joseph Wiseman as “Carmish and filmed by cinematographer Joseph Ruttenberg was released today in the United States.

1956(25th of Iyar, 5716): Fifty-nine year old New York born and NYU trained attorney, Nathan S. Sachs who followed in his father’s footsteps to become “president of Sachs Quality Stores, Inc.” while being an active member of the Jewish community as could be seen by his work with “the Jewish Conciliation Board” and “distribution committee of the Federation of Jewish Philanthropies” while raising four children – Charles, Martin, Sylvia and Rosalie” with his wife Lillian, passed away today.

https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1956/05/07/86573968.pdf

1962(2nd of Iyar, 5722): Twenty-three year old Lieutenant Yakir Naveh went missing when the plane he was flying “broke up over the sea of Galilee.”  Although progress has been made, his body has never been recovered. (As reported by Tova Dvorin)

1962(2nd of Iyar, 5722): Two days before Yom HaZikaron IAF cadet Oded Koton died when the plane in which he was flying “broke up over the Sea of Galilee.”

http://www.timesofisrael.com/down-in-hell-israeli-divers-search-for-a-long-lost-airman/

1962(2nd of Iyar, 5722): Margalit Sharon, the wife of Ariel Sharon is killed in a highway accident when driving from Jerusalem to Tel Aviv.

1963: The Pulitzer Prize was awarded to Barbara Tuchman for The Guns of August, a history of the event surrounding the summer of 1914 and the start of World War I.  Briskly written and well-researched, Ms. Tuchman provided an insight into how Europe stumbled into catastrophe.  At the height of the Cold War, President Kennedy insisted that his advisors read this volume.  He saw it as a cautionary tale whose lessons could help America from stumbling into World War III.  Tuchman was born in New York in 1912.  She was the granddaughter of Henry Morgenthau, Sr., Woodrow Wilson's Ambassador to Turkey.  Educated at Radcliffe College, Tuchman began writing as a magazine correspondent for the Nation, a publication owned by her father.  Tuchman's skills as a historian led her to a second Pulitzer Prize when she wrote about General Stillwell and the American Experience in China. 

1964: Birthdate of David Nirenberg Deborah R. and Edgar D. Jannotta Distinguished Service Professor of Medieval History and Committee on Social Thought at the University of Chicago and author of Anti-Judaism: The Western Tradition

http://www.davidnirenberg.com/about-1-1/

https://history.uchicago.edu/directory/david-nirenberg

https://www.amazon.com/Anti-Judaism-Western-Tradition-David-Nirenberg/dp/0393347915

1965: The Homestead Independent reported that Jewish “financier Arthur Courshon had joined hands with Juanita Castro, Fidel Castro's sister, in the formation of the Marta Abreu Foundation, designed to aid Cuban refugees and particularly Cuban refugee children. Courshon, chairman of the Board of the Washington Federal Savings and Loan Association, will be a director of the Foundation.” Courson is better known as the Jewish developer who conceived the concept of condominium apartments in Florida.

1968: In Paris, the march of the national student union marked the start of a series of protests during which Bernard Kouchner “ran the medical faculty strike committee at the Sorbonne.”

1969(18thof Iyar, 5729): Lag B’Omer was observed for the first time of the Presidency of Richard Nixon.

1972(22ndof Iyar, 5732): Thirty-nine year old Donald Pritzker, a scion of the Pritker family, the husband of ‘Sue Sandal and the father of Penny, Anthony and Jay Robert Pritzker died of a heart attack “while playing tennis at a Hyatt Hotel (a Pritzker property) in Honolulu.

1975(25thof Iyar, 5735): Ninety-one old Sefton Louis Cullen the son Rebecca and George Judah Cohen and the husband of Nancy Cullen, passed away today in his native New South Wales, Australia.

1975: “Larry Blyden the production of ‘Absurd Person Singular’ after he was hired to host a new game show” just three weeks before he was in an automobile accident that would eventually result in his death.

1977(18thof Iyar, 5737): Lag B’Omer

1977(18thof Iyar, 5737): Sixty-three New York native Walter Zand, the son of Morris and Bessie Zand and the husband of Estelle Zand who served on the faculty of the University of Miami and was active in the B’nai B’rith and the American Jewish committee passed away today in Miami.

1979(8thof Iyar, 5739): Eighty-five year old composer Milton Anger passed away today in California.

http://www.songwritershalloffame.org/exhibits/C205?exhibitId=205

1980(20thof Iyar, 5740: Seventy nine year old Arthur Levitt, passed away. He was the New York State comptroller from 1955 to 1978, whose nonpartisan dedication, thrift with public funds and relentless criticism of fiscal chicanery endeared him to voters, who returned him to office five times with huge majorities; in New York City. A Brooklyn lawyer and nominal Democrat, Levitt served under four Governors, tightening the state's auditing procedures, including "performance audits" of state agencies, and eventually giving his office prestige and power virtually beyond politics. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,924120,00.html#ixzz2SNp5SgKm

1981(2ndof Iyar, 5741): Yom HaZikaron

1982: ABC broadcast the final episode of the fourth season of “Taxi” starring Judd Hirsch.

1983: Pitcher Bob Tufts, who had originally been drafted by the San Francisco Giants, played his last major league baseball game as a member of the Kansas Royals. He converted to Judaism while playing baseball.

1983: The Hitler diaries are revealed as a hoax after examination by experts.

1983: “The Sandglass,” based on the story ''The Sanatorium Under the Sign of the Hourglass,'' opened at the Thalia in New York City.

1984(4thof Iyar, 5744): Yom HaZikaron

1984: In describing Chablis, France, “the land beyond the label,” Frank Lewis and Paul Prial remind us the Jewish connection with this part of France and the making of fine wines. “The well-preserved medieval wine merchants' houses on the Rue des Juifs, just before the towers of the Porte No"el, show how widely spread the Jewish community was in those days. And the 11th-century Talmudic scholar Rashi lived only 20 miles away at Troyes.”

1986(27th of Nisan, 5746): Yom HaShoah

1987: In “Jerusalem Journal: A Reverent Monument or a Monumental Error,” Thomas Friedman described the controversy surrounding a Holocaust memorial that has been built on top of a yeshiva next to the Wailing Wall under the direction of former Chief Rabbi Shlomo Goren.

http://www.nytimes.com/1987/05/06/world/jerusalem-journal-a-reverent-monument-or-a-monumental-error.html

1988: “Shakedown” an action film directed and written by James Glickenhaus, the son of financier Seth Glickenhaus who founded Glickenhaus & Co was released today in the United States.

1988: Sophie Masloff completed her service as the President of the Pittsburgh City Council.

1988: Sophie Masloff began serving as the 56th Mayor of Pittsburgh, PA.

1988(19thof Iyar, 5748): Eighty-four year old Viennese born American pathologist and hepatologist Hans Popper passed away today.

http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/popper-hans.pdf

1990(11thof Iyar, 5750): Ninety-three year old photographer Johanna Alexandra “Lotte” Jacobi passed away in Deering, New Hampshire.

http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/jacobi-lotte

http://www.thejewishmuseum.org/exhibitions/LotteJacobi

1990: “Once on This Island a one-act musical with a book and lyrics by Lynn Ahrens opened today at Off-Broadway's Playwrights Horizon.

1992: NBC broadcast the final episode of season three of “Seinfeld.”

1993(15thof Iyar, 5753): Eighty-four year old socialist, Zionist and long time member of the House of Commons passed away today.

https://www.nytimes.com/1993/05/11/obituaries/ian-mikardo-84-dies-led-british-labor-party.html

https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-ian-mikardo-2321404.html

http://spartacus-educational.com/TUmikardo.htm

1994(25thof Iyar, 5754): Sixty-seven year old Brooklyn born actor Frederick Edward “Fred” Sadoff passed away today.

http://www.nytimes.com/1994/05/07/obituaries/fred-sadoff-actor-and-director-68.html

1994(25thof Iyar, 5754): Eighty-six year old English painter and “director of the Beaux Arts Gallery in London” passed away today.

http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-helen-lessore-1434653.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Lessore#/media/File:Helen_Lessore,_Symposium_I,_1974-1977,_oil_on_canvas,_Tate.jp

1994(25th of Iyar, 5754): Eighty-one year Rabbi Moshe David Rosen Romania's chief rabbi who became a rabbi in 1939 and was named Chief Rabbi in 1948 passed away today. He served in the Romanian Parliament and was the undisputed leader of the Jewish community.  He worked diligently to enable the Jews of Romania to immigrate to Israel while also making considerable effort to improve their lot under the Communist government.  It should be remember, that Romania was the only Eastern Bloc country that did not break relations with Israel after the Six Day War

1999: NBC broadcast the final episode for season two of “Veronica’s Closes” a sitcom created by Marta Kauffman, featuring Ron Silver “as Alec Bilson, Veronica’s business partner and rival.”

2000(1stof Iyar, 5760): Parashat Kedoshm; Rosh Chodesh Iyar

2000: It was reported today that “Representatives of Swiss commercial banks and Holocaust survivors are expected to present the final details of a $1.25 billion restitution settlement to a federal judge next week after two of the largest banks agreed to give the survivors' lawyers access to databases containing information on 2.1 million Nazi-era accounts, the lead lawyer for the survivors said”.

2001: Bruce Fleisher won the Home Depot Invitational for the second time in two years.

2001: The Santorini set sail from northern Beirut carrying weapons for terrorists in Gaza.

2001: Dr. Robert Levy calls D.C. police from his home in Modesto, California, to report that his daughter Chandra has not been heard from in five days.

2002: “Yiddish, once on the verge of oblivion, is passing a 21st-century milestone today” when “as a result of a four-year digitization project and print-on-demand technology, a literature that thrived from 1864 to 1939 will suddenly become proportionally the most in-print literature on the planet” mean that “readers will be able to go to a Web site (www.yiddishbooks.org) and order any of 12,000 titles in Yiddish.

2001: The New York Times featured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Staying Tuned: A Life in Journalism by Daniel Schorr and Displaced Persons: Growing Up American After the Holocaust by Joseph Berger.

2003(4thof Iyar, 5763): Yom HaZikaron

2003: US soldiers from the Army’s Mobile Exploration Team Alpha, along with members of the Iraqi National Congress (INC), descended into the flooded basement of the bombed-out Department of General Intelligence in Baghdad. Although the team’s job was to search for Iraqi weapons of mass destruction, that day the soldiers were acting on a tip provided to the INC by a former Iraqi intelligence official that an old Jewish Talmud lay deep within the building. The Americans decided that finding such a valuable cultural artifact merited diverting the army team from its normal task. Although they did not find the Talmud, they did discover something else: a Torah scroll along with thousands of manuscripts, documents and books dealing with Iraq’s Jewish community. What they had found were the archives of two offices within the General Intelligence Department: the Israel-Palestine and Jewish Sections.The waterlogged documents consisted largely of items that were confiscated from synagogues and libraries after the mass exodus of the Iraqi Jewish community in the 1950s. With the permission of the interim Iraqi Ministry of Culture, the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA) had the damaged documents frozen and shipped to Texas, whereupon they were freeze-dried and sent to the National Archives in College Park, Maryland for restoration and preservation. Archivists originally estimated that it would cost between $1,525,000 and $3,000,000 to restore the materials.[16] As they were not official government documents, the National Archives solicited private funds to aid in the process. Donors were hesitant to commit, however, because of the uncertain future of the manuscripts. The future of these religious artifacts thus remains in limbo. Doris Hamburg, the National Archives official who was overseeing their restoration, stated in late 2007 that the American government had taken the documents with “the expectation of the return of the materials to Iraq,”[17] but final arrangements for their repatriation have yet to be made. However legitimate WOJI’s campaign may be, making a public claim to Jewish communal assets is certain to stir up considerable opposition in Iraq. The fact that Israelis play a major role in WOJI will only add fuel to that fire. In fact, the prospect of Jewish property compensation and Jews buying up land in Iraq already has engendered a hostile reaction. Rumors of “foreign Jews” (presumably former Iraqi citizens) seeking to buy land were rife in Iraq in mid-2003. Sunni Muslim clerics in Mosul issued a fatwa in July 2003 forbidding the sale of real estate to non-Iraqis for fear it might end up in Jewish hands.[18] Exiled Shi‘i cleric Ayatollah Kazim al-Husayni al-Ha’iri issued a fatwa in June 2003 from Qom, Iran demanding death for any Jew seeking to buy land in Iraq.[19] And in late 2003 and early 2004, the Iraqi Turkmen Front claimed that Kurdish Jews in Israel were repurchasing their former properties with the help of the Kurdish Credit Bank.[20] The veracity of these reports aside, they indicate the depth of hostility to Jews seeking the restitution of properties abandoned long ago. http://www.merip.org/mer/mer248/fischbach.html

2004: The body of twenty-year old Marine Corporal Dustin Schrage was found today after the soldier disappeared with his team May 3 while swimming across the Euphrates River in the Al Anbar province. (As reported by Jane Eisner)

2004(15th of Iyar, 5764): Barney Kessel, be-bop guitarist passed away at the age of 60.

2004: “Malpopita” a Walter Goehr opera that was supposed to have been broadcast in the 1930’s was performed today for the first time in Berlin.

2004: After ten seasons, NBC broadcast the final episode of “Friends” the sitcom created by David Crane and Marta Kauffman and starring Lisa Kudrow and David Schwimmer.

2004: Lea Fastow a former Enron assistant treasurer and the wife of Andy Fastow, “pled guilty to a misdemeanor tax charge and was sentenced to one year in a federal prison in Houston, and an additional year of supervised release.”

2004: In entitled “Meanwhile: The Jewish Ghosts of Salonika” published today Ari L. Goldman examines modern Greek attitudes towards Jews and Israel against a backdrop of this once thriving Jewish community that disappeared in the Holocaust.



A century ago this beautiful port city on the Aegean Sea was bristling with Jewish life. There were synagogues, Jewish social clubs, a vibrant Hebrew language press and institutions of Jewish learning. The city was a world center of Sephardic Jewry. Half the city was Jewish and for many years the port was even closed to commerce on Saturdays in observance of the Jewish Sabbath. But that rich Jewish life came to an abrupt end when Nazi Germany rolled into Salonika in 1943 and carried 50,000 Jews away to death camps. Ninety-seven percent were killed. Barely a word of protest was heard from fellow Greek citizens. I thought of the ghosts of that decimated community while visiting Greece on a lecture tour. I came to talk about the subjects I know best — religion and journalism — but the subject of Jews kept coming up. As an American Jewish academic traveling in Europe, I expected that I would get angry questions about U.S. foreign policy, especially the war in Iraq and President George W. Bush's support for the Israeli government of Ariel Sharon. But I didn't expect the anger would be directed toward Jews. "Don't you think that American Jews have too much power?" one well-dressed man challenged me at a university-sponsored dinner in Athens. "They control everything. They control Bush. They control America. It's got to be stopped." The next night I spoke at the University of Athens. One professor grilled me on what he called the "strange" alliance between Jews and Evangelical Christians in support of Israel. The following day here in Salonika, another professor called the Christian Zionists hypocrites for their support of Israeli policies. "How can they profess a religion of love and at the same time support 'targeted killings' of Palestinians?" he asked. "There is also Jewish love," I told the professor. "But this isn't about love or hate, it's about survival." The Jewish Museum of Salonika tells the story of a community that did not survive. It is a small but impressive place. On the first floor there are the remnants of the Jewish cemetery, complete with headstones with Hebrew writing and photographs of Jewish women visiting the graves. On the second level a timeline shows that the community's roots goes back to the expulsion of the Jews from Spain in 1492. Jews found refuge in this city by the sea. Over the next 400 years they thrived here. Most of the museum is dedicated to the glory that was Jewish Salonika. There are photographs and religious artifacts. The humiliation and destruction of the Jews is limited to one room, which includes documents of expulsion, the uniform of the death camp inmates and objects of everyday life taken from the dead: shoes, combs and glasses. At the museum entrance there is an armed guard, a steel gate and a buzzer system. The museum director said the museum gets few visitors these days, especially after the bomb attacks on two synagogues in Istanbul in 2003 in which 20 people were killed. "People are afraid," she said. What a pity. After all the hatred I've heard from European academics, I would love to bring a few here to Salonika to show them what Jews without political power look like.



2005(27th of Nisan, 5765): Yom Hashoah

2005: Ruth Laredo gave “her last ‘Concert with Commentary’” today.

2005: Malcolm Rifkind began serving as the Shadow Secretary of State for Work and Pensins.

2006: The body of 20 year old Cpl. Dustin H. Schrage’s was found today.  He had disappeared three days earlier while swimming across the Euphrates River in Iraq’s Al Anbar Provine. “Dustin Schrage was so funny, he could have been a standup comic, his mother told The Associated Press. Schrage, a native of Indian Harbour Beach, Fla., loved to play video games and listen to punk rock music, and was always making everyone laugh. “He was the comedian of the family. He was a ham. He was very well respected and well liked,” Nina Schrage said, describing her son. “Dustin always seems to be able to squeeze laugh out of his teachers and his parents,” Rabbi Zvi Konikov told AP reporters. “His laughter and confidence made him a leader.” Schrage joined the Marines after graduating from Satellite High School, a step toward his ultimate career goal of becoming a police SWAT member. (As reported in Forward)

2006: Israeli pilots and planes participate in The Volcanex 2006 exercise which is held in cooperation with the European Air Group as part of the Italian Air Force exercise Spring Flag begins in Decimomannu, Italy. The EAG was established to further develop the collaboration between British and French air forces in the first Gulf War. It now has seven member nations.  Sweden had withdrawn from the event to protest the participation of the Israelis.

2007 (18th of Iyyar, 5767): Lag B’Omer

2007: At the Jewish Museum of Maryland in Baltimore, Maryland an exhibition styled The Mikvah Project opens. The Mikvah Projectdocuments the resurgence and expanded practice of the ancient and private Jewish ritual bath. This haunting exhibition creates a multi-faceted picture of contemporary mikvah practice as told by the women themselves. The Mikvah Project is a traveling exhibition created by photographer Janice Rubin and writer Leah Lax. According to the Houston Chronicle,” The clarity of the water, the delicate toning of the photographs, and the crisp (but unrevealing) definition of the feminine bodies conspire to soothe the eye. This show is not to be missed."

2007: “Howard Katz” Patrick Marber’s “tense new drama” about a failed secular Jewish showbiz agent closes its run at the Laura Pels Theatre in New York.

2007: The Sunday Washington Post book section featured a review of The Americanist, a memoir by Harvard professor Daniel Aaron.

2007: The New York Timesfeatured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Dream of the Poem: Hebrew Poetry From Muslim and Christian Spain, 950-1492 translated, edited and introduced by Peter Cole and the recently released paperback edition of Everyman by Philip Roth.

2007:  Temple Judah in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, sponsors the annual Big Dinner, a major fund raising and gastronomic event for the entire community.

2007: Liilian “Wald, the so-called “Jewish Florence Nightingale,” will be inducted into the Jewish-American Hall of Fame today on the kickoff of National Nurses Week.

2007 (18th of Iyyar, 5767): Theodore Maiman, the physicist who built the first working laser in the United States passed away at the age of 79.

2008(1st of Iyyar, 5768: Rosh Chodesh Iyar

2008: In Washington, D.C., Pulitzer Prize-winning writer Tony Horwitz discusses and signs his new book, A Voyage Long and Strange: Rediscovering the New World.

2008: The Lauder School of Government at the Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya hosts a special roundtable entitled "The Energy Challenges of the 21st Century." The panel, which will convene on the IDC Herzliya campus, consists of top energy experts from Israel and the United States. The roundtable is followed by a signing ceremony establishing a joint cooperation agreement between the Lauder School of Government and the US Department of Energy's National Energy Technology Laboratory.

2008: Prior to Israel's 60th Independence Day, the International Institute for Counter-Terrorism (ICT) at the Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya, in cooperation with the Remembering Organization, will conduct a symposium on the subject of "Bereavement, Terrorism and Decision Making in Israel." The event will take place on the eve of Remembrance Day from 2-5.p.m at the Jerusalem International Convention Center. There will be two panels, the first on Terrorism, Law and Public Policy: Mutual Ramifications; and the second on Between Recovery and Coverage: Culture, Media and Terrorism. Participants will include public figures, academics and journalists. The discussion, in Hebrew, with simultaneous translation into English, will be led by Lt.-Gen. (res.) Orit Adatto, a board member of the Council for Peace and Security and an ICT associate.

2008: Israel pauses tonight to mourn its fallen soldiers, as the nation marks Remembrance Day and honors the memory of those who have lost their lives in defense of the state.  A one-minute air-raid siren wailed across the country at 8 p.m.to night, followed by ceremonies in memory of fallen soldiers and the victims of terror attacks across the country. The official state ceremony marking the start of Israel's Memorial Day were held immediately after the siren at Jerusalem's Western Wall Plaza, in the presence of President Shimon Peres, Chief of Staff Lt.-Gen. Gabi Ashkenazi, and bereaved families. The ceremony was broadcast live on Tuesday night on all Israeli television channels and radio stations. All places of entertainment will be closed night and will remain closed until sunset tomorrow..

2008:The Saul Steinberg: Illuminations travelling exhibition, which displays original Steinberg works at various museum and galleries around the world opens today at the Foundation Cartier-Bresson in Paris. Steinberg was a Romanian born cartoonists best known for his work in the New Yorkermagazine.

2009:Heshey Friedman, the president of Montreal-based Polystar Plastics, Daniel Hirsch and Mitch Kirschner incorporated SHF, apparently for the sole purpose of buying Agrprocessors.

2009: In Cedar Rapids, Iowa, the Hadassah Book Club meets to discuss “People of the Book” by Geraldine Brooks.

2009:The second annual Richard and Elizabeth Dubin Lecture, presented by the Joseph B. and Alma Gildenhorn Institute for Israel Studies features David Ignatius, journalist and Washington Postcolumnist in a discussion with Philip Merrill of the University of Maryland’s School Of Journalism entitled "The Middle East: Is Peace Imaginable?"

2009:Ayalet Waldman, author of the novel Daughter's Keeper as well as the “Mommy-Track mystery series,” discusses and signs her new memoir, Bad Mother: A Chronicle of Maternal Crimes, Minor Calamities, and Occasional Moments of Grace at Politics and Prose in Washington, D.C.

2009:Tourism Minister Stas Misezhnikov said today thatThe Tourism Ministry will begin marketing the grave site of Rabbi Shimon Bar-Yochai as a tourist attraction to the haredi community.

2009(12 of Iyar, 5769): Seventy-nine year old talent broker Sam Cohn passed away today (As reported by Bruce Weber)

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/07/arts/07cohn.html?_r=0&pagewanted=print

2010: Frank Zacharias “Zach” Robin Goldsmith began serving as a Member of Parliament for Richmond Park following the General Election held today.

2010: Rabbi Ben Mintz is scheduled to teach a course entitled “Women in the Apocrypha” featuring an Esther much different than the Esther we know from the Book of Esther; Hannah, mother of the seven martyred sons; Judith, seducer and slayer of Holofernes, enemy of the Jewish people; and Susanna, object of the gaze of the Elders at the Historic 6th& I Synagogue in Washington, D.C.

2010:Israeli singers, Pini Hadad & Nati Levi, are scheduled to perform at Club Passion in Brooklyn.

2010:Israel Police Inspector-General David Cohen and FBI Director Robert Mueller met today in Jerusalem. The two discussed joint efforts on fighting terrorism and organized crime. Head of Investigations and Intelligence Yoav Segalovitch and Intelligence Department head Ronni Ritman attended the meeting as well.m Cohen said the Israel Police and the FBI had successfully coordinated their efforts to stop organized crime in recent years. Israeli police face unique challenges, as they are expected to fight terrorism as well as street crime and organized crime. Mueller praised Israel as a “close ally,” and said the FBI would continue to work with its Israeli counterpart. Organized crime, terrorism, and computer crime go beyond national borders, he said, and can only be fought through international cooperation

2011:Hazon's 2nd Annual California Bike Ride which raises money for cutting-edge Jewish environmental projects in the U.S. and Israel is scheduled to begin at 2 pm today at Westminster Woods in California.

2011: The Jewish Historical Society is schedule to present “Historic Eastern Market of Detroit with a Jewish Twist” where attendees will learn about the Market’s Jewish past, listen to stories about the Purple Gang and sample some of the foods unique to this Detroit institution.

2011: It was announced today that Filmmaker Ethan Coen, who with his brother Joel is responsible for the films "No Country for Old Men,""Fargo" and "The Big Lebowski," among others, will publish a book of poetry next year with Crown. The poetry collection, according to Publishers Weekly, will be called "The Day the World Ends." It is scheduled for publication in spring 2012. This is Coen's second collection of poetry, after 2009’s “The Drunken Driver Has the Right of Way." He is also the author of "Gates of Eden," a short story collection, and co-author of two Oscar-winning screenplays.

2011: In keeping with Broadway tradition, the lights of the theatres on Broadway were dimmed for one minute tonight in memory of Arthur Laurents who passed away yesterday. The Tony Award winner’s body of work includes “West Side Story,”  “Gypsy,”  “La Cage aux Folles” and “Hallelujah, Baby!”

2011: It was not clear when a fuel crisis that has disrupted flights at Ben-Gurion International Airport would end, the airport's chief official said today, adding, however, that takeoffs and landings are resuming thanks to an emergency supply of fuel.

2012: The Omri Mor Trio featuring Jerusalem-based jazz pianist Omri Mor is scheduled to perform at the Guggenheim Museum in NYC.

2012: Guitarist, singer and songwriter Bob Rank is scheduled to perform a solo concert exploringcontributions of Jewish performers and songwriters who have influenced the great American musical traditions of blues, folk and rock at the Maltz Museum of Jewish Heritage in Beachwood, Ohio.

2012: Tulane Graduate and Brandies University Professor, Dr. Stephen Whitfield is scheduled to deliver a lecture entitled “Coming to America: The Jewish Impact & The Jewish Response” at the Jewish Museum of Florida.

2012: Dr. Sidney Katz, known for his work with the Index of Independence of Activities for Daily was buried today in his native Cleveland.

http://obits.cleveland.com/obituaries/cleveland/obituary.aspx?pid=157486571

2012: In Olney, Maryland, Shaare Tefilla Congregation is scheduled to sponsor “Plant the Seeds of Song: A Community-Wide Erev Shira in Celebration of Yom Ha’Atzmout.”

2012: The Jewish Historical Society of Greater Washington is scheduled to sponsor a Walking Tour of the Jewish Sites in Arlington National Cemetery that will include visits to memorial by or for Jews and headstones on prominent Jewish leaders buried at the oldest cemetery of its kind in the United States.

2012; Ron Arons is scheduled to address The Genealogy of Society of Greater Washington at Congregation Har Shalom in Potomac, MD

2012: The New York Timesfeatured reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including The Passage of Power: The Years of Lyndon Johnsonby Robert Caro and Memoir of a Debulked Woman: Enduring Ovarian Cancerby Susan Gubar who is part of the Robert A. and Sandra S. Borns Jewish Studies Program at Indiana University.

2013: The American Jewish Historical Society and Yeshiva University Museum are scheduled to present “Jewish Women and the Civil War”

2013: “Defiant Requiem” is scheduled to be shown at the Washington DCJCC.

http://thejdc.convio.net/site/Calendar/973846288?view=Detail&id=138722

2013: The Canadian Friends of Hebrew University are scheduled to present the Key of Knowledge to actor Morgan Freemen “for his dedication to combating racism and ‘promoting knowledge and education worldwide.’”

2013: The Israel Defense Forces scaled back a drill in the north and the Northern Command head calmed fears today that the weekend airstrikes against Syria have brought the country to the brink of war.

2013: “Jew Bashing: The New Anti-Semitism,” a new, investigative documentary premieres tonight on Canadian television.

2013:Two rockets fired from Syrian territory exploded on the Golan Heights today, without causing casualties or damage, an IDF spokesperson said

2014: (6th of Iyar) Yom HaAtzma’ut (Israeli Independence Day)

2014:Rav Aharon Lichtenstein “was awarded the Israel Prize for Jewish Literature on Israeli Independence Day”

2014: “Next Year in Jerusalem” is scheduled to be shown at the 16thannual Lenore Marwil Jewish Film Festival

2014: Publication of All the Light We Cannot See the Pulitzer Prize winning novel “set in occupied France during WW II that centers on a blind French girl and a German boy.”

http://www.timesofisrael.com/wwii-novel-on-nazi-soldier-scoops-pulitzer-prize/

2014: “The Outrageous Sophie Tucker” is scheduled to premiere at the 22nd Toronto Jewish Film Festival.

2014: “The Wonders” is scheduled to be shown at The National Center for Jewish Film’s 17th annual film festival

2014: “The Life of the Jews in Palestine: 1913/Operation Sunflower” is scheduled to be shown at The Los Angeles Jewish Film Festival

2014: “Cupcakes” directed by Israeli Eytan Fox is scheduled to be shown at the UK Jewish Film Festival.

2014: “Chasing Death Camp Guards With New Tools,” published today described renewed efforts by German prosecutors to bring Nazi concentration camp workers to justice.

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/07/arts/design/cornelius-gurlitt-son-of-nazi-era-art-dealer-has-died.html?hp&_r=0

2014: “Millions of Israelis crowded parks, nature sites, museums and army bases to celebrate the country’s 66th Independence Day today, forcing authorities to turn visitors away as some sites exceeded capacity.

2014: “Israel’s political and military leaders gathered in Jerusalem today morning to toast outstanding soldiers for Israel’s 66th Independence Day, with President Shimon Peres telling troops they will face challenges further afield than generations before them.

2014: Cornelius Gurlitt, “the German recluse who captured the art world’s attention last fall after it was revealed that he had kept hidden for decades a collection of 19th- and 20th-century European masterworks amassed by his father, Hildebrand Gurlitt, under the Nazis in his Munich apartment, died today.

2014: “Etian Amos, a Jewish teenager from Canada was this year’s winner of the International Bible Quiz which was held today as in every year at the Jerusalem Theatre on Israel’s Independence Day.

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/07/arts/design/cornelius-gurlitt-son-of-nazi-era-art-dealer-has-died.html?hp&_r=0

2015: Joshua Muravchik is scheduled to discuss his most recent book Making David Into Goliath at the Temple Emanu-El Skirball Center.

2015: Or Asraf, the Israeli backpacker who was killed in an earthquake in Nepal last month, is scheduled to be buried today “at the cemetery in his hometown of Lehavim.”

2015: “Forbidden Films” is scheduled to be shown at the 18th annual film festival sponsored by the National Center for Jewish Films.

2015: Hundreds of thousands of people are expected to converge on the village of Meron on the slopes of a Galilee mountain this evening where the tomb of Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai is located and light bonfires “to mark the death of the second century rabbi” as part of the celebration of Lag B’Omer which begins tonight.

2015: Rabbi Lance J. Sussman is scheduled to present “Second Thoughts: American Jews and the Separation of Church and State Since 1976” at the National Museum of American Jewish History.

2015: In Washington, DC Theatre J is scheduled to host the opening night production of “The Call.”

2015: Funeral services for Susan “Suki” Cell, the widow of Dr. Donald Cell of Cornell College, are scheduled to be held this morning at Temple Judah in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.

2016: A production of Wendy Kesselman’s adaptation of The Diary of Anne Franks directed by Mary Sullivan is scheduled to open tonight at The Giving Tree Theatre in Marion, Iowa

2016: “Using Walls, Floors, and Ceilings: Beatriz Milhazes” is scheduled to open at the Jewish Museum.

http://thejewishmuseum.org/exhibitions/using-walls-floors-and-ceilings-beatriz-milhazes

2016: An exhibition featuring the works of Roberto Burle Marx is scheduled to open at the Jewish Museum.

http://thejewishmuseum.org/exhibitions/roberto-burle-marx-brazilian-modernist

2017(10thof Iyar, 5777): Parashat Achrei Mot-Kedoshim; Chapter 3 of Pirke Avot for more see http://downhomedavartorah.blogspot.com/

2017: The 92nd Street Y is scheduled to host “Sabba Saturday” which is “filled traditional and non-traditional music, creative prayer, art, movement and more” as a way of providing a meaningful Shbbat experience for the whole family.

2017: As America prepares for today’s Kentucky Derby they are reminded of the 1936 Kentucky Derby which was a Jewish affair since the winner Bold Venture was owned by Morton Schwartz, trained by Max Hirsch and ridden by Ira Hanford.

2018: “The Legend of King Solomon” and “Assumed Identity” are scheduled to be shown at the Washington Jewish Film Festival.

2018: “Shalom Bollywood: The Untold Story of Indian Cinema” is scheduled to be shown at the Toronto Jewish Film Festival

2018: In Iowa, the Jewish Federation of Greater Des Moines is scheduled to host a screening of “Remember Baghdad” in which “Iraq’s last Jews tell the story of their country.”

2018: The New York Times included reviews of books by Jewish authors and/or of special interest to Jewish readers including Something Wonderful: Rodgers and Hammerstein’s Broadway Revolutionby Todd S. Purdum and The Woman’s Hour: The Great Fight to Win the Voteby Elaine Weiss

2018: In New Orleans, Temple Sinai is scheduled to host its annual Blood Drive.

2018: In Washington, DC, 20 minutes of MOE BERG: ALL-STAR ESPIONAGE? a work-in-progress film is scheduled to be shown, followed by a discussion with director Aviva Kempner, intelligence analyst Richard Willing, and Henry "Hank" Thomas, biographer of Walter Johnson (and his grandson).

2019: The Chabad Jewish Center in Metairie, LA is scheduled to host the Rosh Chodesh Society, “a monthly night out where “women of all walks of life” can “enjoy an evening of camaraderie.””

2019: The “UJA-Federation of New York and The Jewish Week with Natan, and Park Avenue Synagogue” are scheduled to host an evening with Matti Friedman, “author of the award winning book Spies of No Country: Secret Lives at the Birth of Israel, Journalist, and contributor to The New York Times op-ed section and Dr. Mijal Bitton, a Fellow in Residence at the Shalom Hartman Institute and the Rosh Kehilla of the Downtown Minyan.”

2019” The Temple Emanu-El Skirball Center is scheduled to host Rabbi David Wolpe as he speaks on “Punishment and Death Penalty” offering insights into the issue “from Jewish sages, Jewish text and Jewish history.”

2019: In Walnut Creek, CA, Congregation B’nai Tikvah is scheduled to present “Prosecuting Evil,” “a documentary about the youngest prosecutor at the Nuremberg Trials” followed by a discussion led by “law professor Amos Guiora.

2019: Today, former Trump attorney and fixer Michael Cohen began serving his three year prison term today.

https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/06/us/michael-cohen-prison.html?action=click&module=Well&pgtype=Homepage&section=US

2019: In New York, Ali Kourani, a “sleeper agent” for Hezbollah, the organization responsible for “the 1983 truck bombing of the U.S. Embassy in Beiruit,” the “torture and murder of Beirut CIA station chief William Buckley, the deaths of “19 U.S. Air Force personnel during the Kohbar Towers bombing” and the killing of several hundred Israelis” among other things, is scheduled to go on trial today.

https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/the-hezbollah-sleeper-agent-who-allegedly-ran-black-ops-in-america/ar-AAAUFGm?ocid=spartandhp

2019(1stof Iyar, 5779): Rosh Chodesh Iyar; for more see http://downhomedavartorah.blogspot.com/

2019: As Jews mark Rosh Chodesh Iyar, we, and all decent people, mourn those killed this weekend by terrorist rockets fired from Gaza – Pinchas Menachem Prezuazman, 21 from Ashdod; Moshe Feder, 68, from Kfar Saba; Moshe Agadi, 58, from Ashkelon and Ziad Alhamamda.

2020: Via Zoom, from Pepper Pike, OH, B’nai Jeshurun is scheduled to present “Mishnah: The New Scripture” during which Rabbi Alan Lettofsky offers new insights into this “core text of our Jewish foundations.

2020:As Israelis arise this morning they will be confronted with the reality that at least 238 patients have died from coronavirus even as the country continues to “open up.”

2020: Live on Zoom, The Center for Jewish History is scheduled to present “Historians of the Jews and the Making of Plague Memory.”

2020: The Vilna Shul, Boston’s Center for Jewish Culture is scheduled to a host a virtual presentation of Jewish Meditation and Movement

2020: The Hadassah Brandeis Institute is scheduled to host a virtual conversation with Rachel Barenbaum author of A Bend in the Stars.

2020: The Streicker Center is scheduled to present on-line Rabbi Joseph Skloot as he lectures on “Alienation and Connection-Turning to Martin Buber at a Time of Crisis,” a novel that follows an ambitious young doctor and her scientist brother in a race against Einstein to solve one of the greatest mysteries of the universe while the forces of antisemitism close in around them.”

2020: “At 7 PM eastern, Jewish Currents is scheduled to host a livestreamed discussion of the recent efforts at unionization in Amazon warehouses and the implications for the wider labor movement in the Covid-19 era, moderated by contributing writer Rachel Cohen.”

https://jewishcurrents.org/conversation/







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